WEWNTPTSCBFrench English Electronic Pocket Oxford DictionaryOxford University Press07/08/02Oxford University Pressfr

© Oxford University Press 2002

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Electronic Pocket Oxford French English Dictionary

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A

a
AVOIR .

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à
préposition
à+le = au
à+les = aux

(avec verbe de mouvement) to.
(pour indiquer où l'on se trouve) ~ la maison at home; ~ Nice in Nice.
(âge, date, heure) ~ l'âge de... at the age of...; au XIXe siècle in the 19th century; ~ deux heures at two o'clock.
(description) with; aux yeux verts with green eyes.
(appartenance) ~ qui est ce stylo? whose pen is this?; c'est ~ vous? is this yours?
(avec nombre) ~ 90 km/h at 90 km per hour; ~ 10 minutes d'ici 10 minutes from here; des tomates ~ 3 francs le kilo tomatoes at 3 francs a kilo; un timbre ~ 3 francs a 3-franc stamp; nous avons fait le travail ~ deux two of us did the work; mener 5 ~ 4 to lead 5 (to) 4.
(avec être) c'est ~ moi it's my turn; je suis ~ vous tout de suite I'll be with you in a minute; c'est ~ toi de décider it's up to you to decide.
(hypothèse) ~ ce qu'il paraît apparently; ~ t'entendre to hear you talk.
(exclamatif) ~ ta santé! cheers!; ~ demain/bientôt! see you tomorrow/soon!
(moyen) ~ la main by hand; ~ vélo by bike; ~ pied on foot; chauffage au gaz gas heating.

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abaissement
nm
(de taux, de prix) cut; (de seuil) lowering.

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abaisser
vt
lower; (levier) pull ou push down; (fig) humiliate.

s'~ vpr go down, drop; (fig) demean oneself; s'~ à stoop to.

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abandon
nm
abandonment; (de personne) desertion; (de course) withdrawal; (naturel) abandon; à l'~ in a state of neglect.

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abandonner
vt
abandon; (épouse, cause) desert; (renoncer à) give up, abandon; (céder) give (à to ) (course) withdraw from; (Ordinat) abort.

s'~ à vpr give oneself up to.

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abasourdir
vt
stun.

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abat-jour
nm inv
lampshade.

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abats
nmpl
offal.

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abattement
nm
dejection; (faiblesse) exhaustion; (Comm) reduction; ~ fiscal tax allowance.

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abattre
vt
knock down; (arbre) cut down; (animal) slaughter; (avion) shoot down; (affaiblir) weaken; (démoraliser) demoralize; ne pas se laisser ~ not let things get one down.

s'~ vpr come down, fall (down) .

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abbaye
nf
abbey.

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abbé
nm
priest; (supérieur d'une abbaye) abbot.

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abcès
nm
abscess.

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abdiquer
vt/i
abdicate.

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abdomen
nm
abdomen.

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abdominal
(pl -aux ) a
abdominal.

abdominaux nmpl (Sport) stomach exercises.

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abeille
nf
bee.

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aberrant
~e a
absurd.

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abêtir
vt
turn into a moron.

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abîme
nm
abyss.

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abîmer
vt
damage, spoil.

s'~ vpr get damaged ou spoilt.

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ablation
nf
removal.

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aboiement
nm
bark, barking; ~s barking.

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abolir
vt
abolish.

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abondance
nf
abundance; (prospérité) affluence.

abondant, ~e a abundant, plentiful.

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abonder
vi
abound (en in ) ~ dans le sens de qn agree wholeheartedly with sb.

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abonné
~e nm, f
(lecteur) subscriber; (voyageur, spectateur) season-ticket holder.

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abonnement
nm
(à un journal) subscription; (de bus, Théât) season-ticket; (au gaz) standing charge.

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abonners'
vpr
subscribe (à to ) .

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abord
nm
access; ~s surroundings; d'~ first.

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abordable
a
(prix) affordable; (personne) approachable; (texte) accessible.

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aborder
vt
approach; (lieu) reach; (problème) tackle. vi reach land.

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aborigène
nm
aborigine.

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aboutir
vi
succeed, achieve a result; ~ à end (up) in, lead to; n'~ à rien come to nothing.

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aboutissement
nm
outcome; (de carrière, d'évolution) culmination.

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aboyer
vi
bark.

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abrégé
nm
summary.

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abréger
vt
(texte) shorten, abridge; (mot) abbreviate, shorten; (visite) cut short.

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abreuver
vt
water; (fig) overwhelm (de with ) .

s'~ vpr drink.

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abréviation
nf
abbreviation.

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abri
nm
shelter; à l'~ under cover; (en lieu sûr) safe; à l'~ de sheltered from; se mettre à l'~ take shelter.

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abricot
nm
apricot.

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abriter
vt
shelter; (recevoir) house.

s'~ vpr (take) shelter.

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abrupt
~e a
steep, sheer; (fig) abrupt.

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abruti
~e nm, f
fam idiot.

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absence
nf
absence; il a des ~s sometimes his mind goes blank.

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absent
~e a
(personne) absent, away; (chose) missing; il est toujours ~ he's still away; d'un air ~ absently. nm, f absentee.

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absenters'
vpr
go ou be away; (sortir) go out, leave.

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absolu
~e a
absolute.

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absorbant
~e a
(travail) absorbing; (matière) absorbent.

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absorber
vt
absorb; être absorbé par qch be engrossed in sth.

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abstenirs'
vpr
abstain; s'~ de refrain from.

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abstrait
~e a & nm
abstract.

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absurde
a
absurd.

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abus
nm
abuse, misuse; (injustice) abuse; ~ de confiance breach of trust.

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abuser
vt
deceive. vi go too far; ~ de abuse, misuse; (profiter de) take advantage of; (alcool) overindulge in.

s'~ vpr be mistaken.

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abusif
-ive a
excessive; (impropre) wrong; (injuste) unfair.

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académie
nf
academy; (circonscription) local education authority.

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acajou
nm
mahogany.

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accablant
~e a
(chaleur) oppressive; (fait, témoignage) damning.

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accabler
vt
overwhelm; ~ d'impôts burden with taxes; ~ d'injures heap insults upon.

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accéder
vi
~ à (lieu) reach; (pouvoir, trône) accede to; (requête) grant; (Ordinat) access; ~ à la propriété become a homeowner.

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accélérateur
nm
accelerator.

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accélérer
vt/i
accelerate.

s'~ vpr speed up.

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accent
nm
accent; (sur une syllabe) stress, accent; mettre l'~ sur stress; ~ aigu/grave/circonflexe acute/grave/circumflex accent.

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accentuer
vt
(lettre, syllabe) accent; (fig) emphasize, accentuate.

s'~ vpr become more pronounced, increase.

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accepter
vt
accept; ~ de faire agree to do.

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accès
nm
access; (porte) entrance; (de fièvre) bout; (de colère) fit; (d'enthousiasme) burst; (Ordinat) access; les ~ de (voies) the approaches to; facile d'~ easy to get to.

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accessoire
a
secondary, incidental. nm accessory; (Théât) prop.

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accident
nm
accident; ~ de train/d'avion train/plane crash; par ~ by accident.

accidenté, ~e a (personne) injured (in an accident) (voiture) damaged; (terrain) uneven, hilly.

accidentel, ~le a accidental.

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acclamer
vt
cheer, acclaim.

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accommoder
vt
adapt (à to ) (cuisiner) prepare; (assaisonner) flavour.

s'~ de vpr make the best of.

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accompagnateur
-trice nm, f
(Mus) accompanist; (guide) guide; ~ d'enfants accompanying adult.

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accompagner
vt
accompany.

s'~ de vpr be accompanied by.

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accomplir
vt
carry out, fulfil.

s'~ vpr take place, happen; (vœu) be fulfilled.

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accord
nm
agreement; (harmonie) harmony; (Mus) chord; être d'~ agree (pour to ) se mettre d'~ come to an agreement, agree; d'~! all right!, OK!

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accorder
vt
grant; (couleurs) match; (Mus) tune; (attribuer) (valeur, importance) assign.

s'~ vpr (se mettre d'accord) agree; (s'octroyer) allow oneself; s'~ avec (s'entendre avec) get on with.

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accotement
nm
verge; ~ non stabilisé soft verge.

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accouchement
nm
childbirth; (travail) labour.

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accoucher
vi
give birth (de to ) (être en travail) be in labour. vt deliver.

accoucheur nm médecin ~ obstetrician.

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accoudoir
nm
arm-rest.

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accoupler
vt
(Tech) couple.

s'~ vpr mate.

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accourir
vi
run up.

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accoutumance
nf
familiarization; (Méd) addiction.

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accoutumer
vt
accustom.

s'~ vpr get accustomed.

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accro
nmf
fam (drogué) addict; (amateur) fan.

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accroc
nm
tear, rip; (fig) hitch.

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accrochage
nm
hanging; hooking; (Auto) collision; (dispute) clash; (Mil) encounter.

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accrocher
vt
(suspendre) hang up; (attacher) hook, hitch; (déchirer) catch; (heurter) hit; (attirer) attract.

s'~ vpr cling, hang on (à to ) (se disputer) clash.

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accroissement
nm
increase (de in ) .

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accroître
vt
increase.

s'~ vpr increase.

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accroupirs'
vpr
squat.

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accru
~e a
increased, greater.

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accueil
nm
reception, welcome.

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accueillant
~e a
friendly, welcoming.

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accueillir
vt
receive, welcome; (film, livre) receive; (prendre en charge) (réfugiés, patients) take care of, cater for.

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accumuler
vt
(énergie) store up; (capital) accumulate.

s'~ vpr (neige, ordures) pile up; (dettes) accrue.

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accusation
nf
accusation; (Jur) charge; l'~ (magistrat) the prosecution.

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accusé
~e a
marked. nm, f defendant, accused.

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accuser
vt
accuse (de of ) (blâmer) blame (de for ) (Jur) charge (de with ) (fig) emphasize; ~ réception de acknowledge receipt of.

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acharné
~e a
relentless, ferocious.

acharnement nm (énergie) furious energy; (ténacité) determination.

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acharners'
vpr
persevere; s'~ sur set upon; (poursuivre) hound; s'~ à faire (s'évertuer) try desperately; (s'obstiner) keep on doing.

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achat
nm
purchase; ~s shopping; faire l'~ de buy; faire des ~s do some shopping.

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acheminer
vt
dispatch, convey; (courrier) handle.

s'~ vers vpr head for.

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acheter
vt
buy; ~ qch à qn (pour lui) buy sth for sb; (chez lui) buy sth from sb.

acheteur, -euse nm, f buyer; (client de magasin) shopper.

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achèvement
nm
completion.

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achever
vt
finish (off) .

s'~ vpr end.

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acide
a
acid, sharp. nm acid.

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acier
nm
steel.

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acné
nf
acne.

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acompte
nm
deposit, part-payment.

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à-côté
(pl ~s ) nm
side issue; ~s (argent) extras.

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acoustique
nf
acoustics (+sg ) . a acoustic.

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acquéreur
nm
purchaser, buyer.

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acquérir
vt
acquire, gain; (biens) purchase, acquire.

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acquis
~e a
acquired; (fait) established; tenir qch pour ~ take sth for granted. nm experience.

acquisition nf acquisition; purchase.

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acquitter
vt
acquit; (dette) settle.

s'~ de vpr (promesse) fulfil; (devoir) discharge.

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âcre
a
acrid.

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acrobatie
nf
acrobatics (+pl ) ~ aérienne aerobatics (+pl ) .

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acte
nm
act, action, deed; (Théât) act; (Jur) deed; ~ de naissance/mariage birth/marriage certificate; ~s (compte rendu) proceedings; prendre ~ de note.

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acteur
nm
actor.

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actif
-ive a
active; (population) working. nm (Comm) assets; avoir à son ~ have to one's credit ou name.

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action
nf
action; (Comm) share; (Jur) action; (effet) effect; (initiative) initiative.

actionnaire nmf shareholder.

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activer
vt
speed up; (feu) boost.

s'~ vpr hurry up; (s'affairer) be very busy.

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activité
nf
activity; en ~ (volcan) active; (fonctionnaire) working; (usine) in operation.

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actrice
nf
actress.

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actualité
nf
topicality; l'~ current affairs; les ~s news; d'~ topical.

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actuel
~le a
current, present; (d'actualité) topical.

actuellement adv currently, at the present time.

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acupuncture
nf
acupuncture.

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adaptateur
nm
(Électr) adapter.

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adapter
vt
adapt; (fixer) fit.

s'~ vpr adapt (oneself) (Tech) fit.

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additif
nm
(note) rider; (substance) additive.

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addition
nf
addition; (au café) bill; (US) check.

additionner vt add; (totaliser) add (up) .

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adepte
nmf
follower; (d'activité) enthusiast.

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adéquat
~e a
suitable; (suffisant) adequate.

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adhérent
~e nm, f
member.

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adhérer
vi
adhere, stick (à to ) ~ à (club) be a member of; (s'inscrire à) join.

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adhésif
-ive a
adhesive; ruban ~ sticky tape.

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adhésion
nf
membership; (soutien) support.

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adieu
(pl ~x ) interj & nm
goodbye, farewell.

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adjectif
nm
adjective.

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adjoint
~e nm, f
assistant; ~ au maire deputy mayor. a assistant.

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adjuger
vt
award; (aux enchères) auction.

s'~ vpr take (for oneself) .

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admettre
vt
let in, admit; (tolérer) allow; (reconnaître) admit, acknowledge; (candidat) pass.

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administrateur
-trice nm, f
administrator, director; (Jur) trustee; ~ de site Internet Webmaster.

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administratif
-ive a
administrative; (document) official.

administration nf administration; (gestion) management; l'A~ Civil Service.

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administrer
vt
run, manage; (justice, biens, antidote) administer.

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admirateur
-trice nm, f
admirer.

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admiration
nf
admiration.

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admirer
vt
admire.

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admission
nf
admission.

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ADN
abrév m
(acide désoxyribonucléique ) DNA.

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adolescence
nf
adolescence.

adolescent, ~e nm, f adolescent, teenager.

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adopter
vt
adopt.

adoptif, -ive a (enfant) adopted; (parents) adoptive.

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adorer
vt
love; (plus fort) adore; (Relig) worship, adore.

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adosser
vt
lean (à, contre against ) .

s'~ vpr lean back (à, contre against ) .

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adoucir
vt
soften; (boisson) sweeten; (chagrin) ease.

s'~ vpr soften; (chagrin) ease; (temps) become milder.

adoucissant nm (fabric) softener.

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adresse
nf
address; (habileté) skill; ~ électronique e-mail address.

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adresser
vt
send; (écrire l'adresse sur) address; (remarque) address; ~ la parole à speak to.

s'~ à vpr address; (aller voir) (personne) go and ask ou see; (bureau) enquire at; (viser, intéresser) be directed at.

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adroit
~e a
skilful, clever.

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adulte
nmf
adult. a adult; (plante, animal) fullygrown.

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adultère
a
adulterous. nm adultery.

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adverbe
nm
adverb.

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adversaire
nmf
opponent, adversary.

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aérer
vt
air; (texte) space out.

s'~ vpr get some air.

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aérien
~ne a
air; (photo) aerial; (câble) overhead.

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aérobic
nm
aerobics (+sg ) .

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aérogare
nf
air terminal.

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aéroglisseur
nm
hovercraft.

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aérogramme
nm
airmail letter; (US) aerogram.

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aéronautique
a
aeronautical. nf aeronautics (+sg ) .

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aéroport
nm
airport.

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aérospatial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
aerospace.

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affaiblir
vt
weaken.

s'~ vpr get weaker.

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affaire
nf
affair, matter; (Jur) case; (histoire, aventure) affair; (occasion) bargain; (entreprise) business; (transaction) deal; (question, problème) matter; ~s (Comm) business; (Pol) affairs; (problèmes personnels) business; (effets personnels) things; c'est mon ~ that's my business; avoir ~ à deal with; ça fera l'~ that will do the job; ça fera leur ~ that's just what they need; tirer qn d'~ help sb out of a tight spot; se tirer d'~ get out of trouble.

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affairé
~e a
busy.

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affaissers'
vpr
(terrain, route) sink, subside; (poutre) sag; (personne) collapse.

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affamé
~e a
starving.

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affectation
nf
(nomination) (à une fonction) appointment; (dans un lieu) posting; (de matériel, d'argent) allocation; (comportement) affectation.

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affecter
vt
(feindre) affect; (toucher, affliger) affect; (destiner) assign; (nommer) appoint, post.

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affectif
-ive a
emotional.

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affection
nf
affection; (maladie) complaint.

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affectueux
-euse a
affectionate.

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affichage
nm
billposting; (électronique) display.

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affiche
nf
(public) notice; (publicité) poster; (Théât) bill; être à l'~ (film) be showing; (pièce) be on.

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afficher
vt
(annonce) put up; (événement) announce; (sentiment) display; (Ordinat) display.

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affirmatif
-ive a
affirmative.

affirmation nf assertion.

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affirmer
vt
assert; (soutenir) maintain.

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affligé
~e a
distressed; ~ de afflicted with.

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affluer
vi
flood in; (sang) rush.

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affolant
~e a
alarming.

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affoler
vt
throw into a panic.

s'~ vpr panic.

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affranchir
vt
stamp; (à la machine) frank; (esclave) emancipate; (fig) free.

affranchissement nm (tarif) postage.

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affreux
-euse a
(laid) hideous; (mauvais) awful.

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affrontement
nm
confrontation.

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affronter
vt
confront.

s'~ vpr confront each other.

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affûter
vt
sharpen.

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afin
prép & conj
~ de faire in order to do; ~ que so that.

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africain
~e a
African.

A~, ~e nm, f African.

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Afrique
nf
Africa; ~ du Sud South Africa.

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agacer
vt
irritate, annoy.

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âge
nm
age; (vieillesse) (old) age; quel ~ avez-vous? how old are you?; ~ adulte adulthood; ~ mûr maturity; d'un certain ~ middle-aged.

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âgé
~e a
elderly; ~ de cinq ans five years old.

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agence
nf
agency, bureau, office; (succursale) branch; ~ d'interim employment agency; ~ de voyages travel agency; ~ publicitaire advertising agency.

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agenda
nm
diary; ~ électronique electronic organizer.

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agent
nm
agent; (fonctionnaire) official; ~ (de police) policeman; ~ de change stockbroker; ~ commercial sales representative.

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agglomération
nf
town, built-up area.

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aggraver
vt
aggravate, make worse.

s'~ vpr get worse.

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agile
a
agile, nimble.

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agir
vi
act; (se comporter) behave; (avoir un effet) work, take effect.

s'

~ de vpr (être nécessaire) il s'agit de faire we/you etc. must do; (être question de) il s'agit de faire it is a matter of doing; dans ce livre il s'agit de this book is about; dont il s'agit in question; il s'agit de ton fils it's about your son; de quoi s'agit-il? what is it about?

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agitation
nf
bustle; (trouble) agitation; (malaise social) unrest.

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agité
~e a
restless, fidgety; (troublé) agitated; (mer) rough.

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agiter
vt
(bras, mouchoir) wave; (liquide, boîte) shake; (troubler) agitate; (discuter) debate.

s'~ vpr bustle about; (enfant) fidget; (foule, pensées) stir.

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agneau
(pl ~x ) nm
lamb.

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agrafe
nf
hook; (pour Papiers) staple.

agrafeuse nf stapler.

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agrandir
vt
enlarge; (maison) extend.

s'~ vpr expand, grow.

agrandissement nm extension; (de photo) enlargement.

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agréable
a
pleasant.

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agréé
~e a
(agence) authorized; (nourrice, médecin) registered; (matériel) approved.

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agréer
vt
accept; ~ à please; veuillez ~, Monsieur, mes salutations distinguées (personne non nommée) yours faithfully; (personne nommée) yours sincerely.

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agrégation
nf
highest examination for recruitment of teachers.

agrégé, ~e nm, f teacher (who has passed the agrégation) .

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agrément
nm
charm; (plaisir) pleasure; (accord) assent.

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agresser
vt
attack; (pour voler) mug.

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agressif
-ive a
aggressive.

agression nf attack; (pour voler) mugging; (Mil) aggression.

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agricole
a
agricultural; (ouvrier, produit) farm.

agriculteur nm farmer.

agriculture nf agriculture, farming.

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agripper
vt
grab.

s'~ vpr cling (à to ) .

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agroalimentaire
nm
food industry.

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agrumes
nmpl
citrus fruit (s) .

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ai
avoir .

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aide
nf
help, assistance; (en argent) aid; à l'~ de with the help of; venir en ~ à help; ~ à domicile home help; ~ familiale mother's help; ~ sociale social security; (US) welfare. nmf assistant.

aide-mémoire nm inv handbook of key facts.

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aider
vt/i
help, assist; (subventionner) aid, give aid to; ~ à faire help to do.

s'~ de vpr use.

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aïeul
~e nm, f
grandparent.

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aigle
nm
eagle.

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aigre
a
sour, sharp; (fig) sharp.

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aigrir
vt
embitter.

s'~ vpr turn sour; (personne) become embittered.

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aigu
~ë a
(douleur, problème) acute; (objet) sharp; (voix) shrill; (Mus) high (-pitched) (accent) acute.

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aiguille
nf
needle; (de montre) hand; (de balance) pointer; ~ à tricoter knitting needle.

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aiguilleur
nm
pointsman; ~ du ciel air traffic controller.

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aiguiser
vt
sharpen; (fig) stimulate.

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ail
(pl ~s ouaulx ) nm
garlic.

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aile
nf
wing.

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ailier
nm
winger; (US) end.

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aille
ALLER .

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ailleurs
adv
elsewhere, somewhere else; d'~ besides, moreover; nulle part ~ nowhere else; par ~ moreover, furthermore; partout ~ everywhere else.

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aimable
a
kind.

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aimant
nm
magnet.

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aimer
vt
like; (d'amour) love; j'aimerais faire I'd like to do; ~ bien quite like; ~ mieux ouautant prefer.

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aîné
~e a
eldest; (de deux) elder. nm, f eldest (child) (premier de deux) elder (child) ~s elders; il est mon ~ he is older than me ou my senior.

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ainsi
adv
like this, thus; (donc) so; et ~ de suite and so on; pour ~ dire so to speak, as it were; ~ que as well as; (comme) as.

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air
nm
air; (mine) look, air; (mélodie) tune; ~ conditionné air-conditioning; avoir l'~ look, appear; avoir l'~ de look like; avoir l'~ de faire appear to be doing; en l'~ (up) in the air; (promesses) empty; prendre l'~ get some fresh air.

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aire
nf
area; ~ d'atterrissage landing-strip; ~ de pique-nique picnic area; ~ de repas rest area; ~ de services (motorway) services.

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aisance
nf
ease; (richesse) affluence.

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aise
nf
joy; à l'~ (sur un siège) comfortable; (pas gêné) at ease; (fortuné) comfortably off; mal à l'~ uncomfortable; ill at ease; aimer ses ~s like one's creature comforts; mettre qn à l'~ put sb at ease; se mettre à l'~ make oneself comfortable.

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aisé
~e a
easy; (fortuné) well-off.

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aisselle
nf
armpit.

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ait
AVOIR .

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ajourner
vt
postpone; (débat, procès) adjourn.

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ajout
nm
addition.

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ajouter
vt
add (à to ) ~ foi à lend credence to.

s'~ vpr be added.

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ajuster
vt
adjust; (cible) aim at; (adapter) fit; ~ son coup adjust one's aim.

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alarme
nf
alarm; donner l'~ raise the alarm.

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alarmer
vt
alarm.

s'~ vpr become alarmed (de at ) .

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Albanie
nf
Albania.

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alcool
nm
alcohol; (eau de vie) brandy; ~ à brûler methylated spirit.

alcoolique a & nmf alcoholic.

alcoolisé, ~e a (boisson) alcoholic.

alcoolisme nm alcoholism.

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alcootest
nm
breath test; (appareil) Breathalyser®.

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aléa
nm
hazard.

aléatoire a unpredictable, uncertain; (Ordinat) random.

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alentours
nmpl
surroundings; aux ~ de (de lieu) around; (de chiffre, date) about, around.

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alerte
a
(personne) alert; (vif) lively. nf alert; ~ à la bombe bomb scare.

alerter vt alert.

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algèbre
nf
algebra.

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Algérie
nf
Algeria.

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algue
nf
seaweed; les ~s (Bot) algae.

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aliéné
~e nm, f
insane person.

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aliéner
vt
alienate; (céder) give up.

s'~ vpr alienate.

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aligner
vt
(objets) line up, make lines of; (chiffres) string together; ~ sur bring into line with.

s'~ vpr line up; s'~ sur align oneself on.

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aliment
nm
food.

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alimentaire
a
(industrie) food; (habitudes) dietary; produits ~s foodstuffs.

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alimentation
nf
feeding, supply (ing) (régime) diet; (aliments) food; magasin d'~ grocery shop ou store.

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alimenter
vt
feed; (fournir) supply; (fig) sustain.

s'~ vpr eat.

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allaiter
vt
(bébé) breast-feed; (US) nurse; (animal) suckle.

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allée
nf
path, lane; (menant à une maison) drive (way) (dans un cinéma, magasin) aisle; (rue) road; ~s et venues comings and goings.

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allégé
~e a
diet; (beurre, yaourt) low-fat.

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alléger
vt
make lighter; (fardeau, chargement) lighten; (fig) (souffrance) alleviate.

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allégresse
nf
gaiety, joy.

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alléguer
vt
(exemple) invoke; (prétexter) allege.

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Allemagne
nf
Germany.

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allemand
~e a
German. nm (Ling) German.

A~, ~e nm, f German.

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aller
verbe auxiliaire
je vais l'appeler I'm going to call him; j'allais partir I was about to leave; va savoir! who knows?; ~ en s'améliorant be improving. verbe intransitif
(se déplacer) go; allons-y! let's go!; allez! come on!
(se porter) comment allez-vous?, comment ça va? how are you?; ça va (bien) I'm fine; qu'est-ce qui ne va pas? what's the matter?; ça ne va pas la tête? fam are you mad? fam.
(mettre en valeur) ~ à qn suit sb; ça te va bien it really suits you.
(convenir) ça va ma coiffure? is my hair OK?; ça ne va pas du tout that's no good at all.

s'en aller verbe pronominal
go; va-t'en! go away!; ça ne s'en va pas (tache) it won't come out. nom masculin
outward journey; ~ (simple) single (ticket) (US) one-way (ticket) ~ retour return (ticket) (US) round trip (ticket) à l'~ on the way out.

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allergie
nf
allergy.

allergique a allergic (à to ) .

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alliance
nf
alliance; (bague) wedding-ring; (mariage) marriage.

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allier
vt
combine; (Pol) ally.

s'~ vpr combine; (Pol) form an alliance; (famille) become related (à to ) .

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allô
interj
hallo, hello.

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allocation
nf
allowance; ~ chômage unemployment benefit; ~s familiales family allowance.

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allonger
vt
lengthen; (bras, jambe) stretch (out) (coucher) lay down.

s'~ vpr get longer; (s'étendre) lie down; (s'étirer) stretch (oneself) out.

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allouer
vt
allocate; (prêt) grant.

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allumer
vt
(bougie, gaz) light; (lampe, appareil) turn on; (pièce) switch the light (s) on in; (fig) arouse.

s'~ vpr (lumière, appareil) come on.

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allumette
nf
match.

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allure
nf
speed, pace; (démarche) walk; (apparence) appearance; à toute ~ at full speed; avoir de l'~ have style; avoir des ~s de look like; avoir une drôle d'~ be funny-looking.

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allusion
nf
allusion (à to ) (implicite) hint (à at ) faire ~ à allude to; hint at.

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alors
adv
(à ce moment-là) then; (de ce fait) so; (dans ce cas-là) then; ça ~! well!; et ~? so what? conj ~ que (pendant que) while; (tandis que) when, whereas.

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alouette
nf
lark.

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alourdir
vt
weigh down; (rendre plus important) increase.

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aloyau
(pl ~x ) nm
sirloin.

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Alpes
nfpl
les ~ the Alps.

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alphabet
nm
alphabet.

alphabétique a alphabetical.

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alphabétiser
vt
teach to read and write.

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alpinist
nmf
mountaineer.

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altérer
vt
(fait, texte) distort; (abîmer) spoil; (donner soif à) make thirsty.

s'~ vpr deteriorate.

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alternance
nf
alternation; en ~ alternately.

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altitude
nf
altitude, height.

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amabilité
nf
kindness.

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amaigrir
vt
make thin (ner) .

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amande
nf
almond; (d'un fruit à noyau) kernel.

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amant
nm
lover.

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amarre
nf
(mooring) rope; ~s moorings.

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amas
nm
heap, pile.

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amasser
vt
amass, gather; (empiler) pile up.

s'~ vpr pile up; (gens) gather.

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amateur
nm
amateur; ~ de lover of; d'~ amateur; (péj) amateurish.

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ambassade
nf
embassy.

ambassadeur, -drice nm, f ambassador.

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ambiance
nf
atmosphere.

ambiant, ~e a surrounding.

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ambigu
~ë a
ambiguous.

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ambitieux
-ieuse a
ambitious.

ambition nf ambition.

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ambulance
nf
ambulance.

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ambulant
~e a
itinerant, travelling.

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âme
nf
soul; ~ sœur soul mate.

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amélioration
nf
improvement.

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améliorer
vt
improve.

s'~ vpr improve.

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aménagement
nm
(de magasin) fitting out; (de grenier) conversion; (de territoire) development; (de cuisine) equipping.

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aménager
vt
(magasin) fit out; (transformer) convert; (territoire) develop; (cuisine) equip.

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amende
nf
fine; faire ~ honorable make amends.

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amener
vt
bring; (causer) bring about; ~ qn à faire cause sb to do.

s'~ vpr fam turn up.

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amer
-ère a
bitter.

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américain
~e a
American.

A~, ~e nm, f American.

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Amérique
nf
America; ~ centrale/latine Central/Latin America; ~ du Nord/Sud North/ South America.

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amertume
nf
bitterness.

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ami
~e nm, f
friend; (amateur) lover; un ~ des bêtes an animal lover. a friendly.

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amiable
a
amicable; à l'~ (divorcer) by mutual consent; (se séparer) on friendly terms; (séparation) amicable.

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amical
~e (mpl -aux ) a
friendly.

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amiral
(pl -aux ) nm
admiral.

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amitié
nf
friendship;

~s (en fin de lettre) kind regards; prendre qn en ~ take a liking to sb.

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amnistie
nf
amnesty.

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amoindrir
vt
reduce.

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amont:
en ~ loc
upstream.

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amorcer
vt
start; (hameçon) bait; (pompe) prime; (arme à feu) arm.

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amortir
vt
(choc) cushion; (bruit) deaden; (dette) pay off; ~ un achat make a purchase pay for itself.

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amortisseur
nm
shock absorber.

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amour
nm
love; pour l'~ de for the sake of.

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amoureux
-euse a
(personne) in love; (relation, regard) loving; (vie) love; ~ de qn in love with sb. nm, f lover.

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amour-propre
nm
self-esteem.

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amphithéâtre
nm
amphitheatre; (d'université) lecture hall.

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ampleur
nf
extent, size; (de vêtement) fullness; prendre de l'~ spread, grow.

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amplifier
vt
amplify; (fig) expand, develop.

s'~ vpr (son) grow; (scandale) intensify.

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ampoule
nf
(électrique) bulb; (sur la peau) blister; (Méd) phial, ampoule.

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amusant
~e a
(blague) funny; (soirée) enjoyable, entertaining.

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amuse-gueule
nm inv
cocktail snack.

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amusement
nm
amusement; (passe-temps) entertainment.

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amuser
vt
amuse; (détourner l'attention de) distract.

s'~ vpr enjoy oneself; (jouer) play.

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amygdale
nf
tonsil.

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an
nm
year; avoir dix ~s be ten years old; un garçon de deux ~s a two-year-old boy; à soixante ~s at the age of sixty; les moins de dix-huit ~s under eighteens.

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analogie
nf
analogy.

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analogue
a
similar, analogous (à to ) .

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analphabète
a & nmf
illiterate.

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analyse
nf
analysis; (Méd) test.

analyser vt analyse; (Méd) test.

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ananas
nm
pineapple.

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anarchie
nf
anarchy.

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anatomie
nf
anatomy.

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ancêtre
nm
ancestor.

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anchois
nm
anchovy.

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ancien
~ne a
old; (de jadis) ancient; (meuble) antique; (précédent) former, ex-, old; (dans une fonction) senior; ~ combattant veteran. nm, f senior; (par l'âge) elder.

anciennement adv formerly.

ancienneté nf age, seniority.

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ancre
nf
anchor; jeter/lever l'~ cast/weigh anchor.

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andouille
nf
sausage (filled with chitterlings) (idiotfam) fool; faire l'~ fool around.

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âne
nm
donkey, ass; (imbécilefam) dimwit fam.

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anéantir
vt
destroy; (exterminer) annihilate; (accabler) overwhelm.

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anémie
nf
anaemia.

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ânerie
nf
stupid remark.

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anesthésie
nf
(opération) anaesthetic.

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ange
nm
angel; aux ~s in seventh heaven.

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angine
nf
throat infection.

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anglais
~e a
English. nm (Ling) English.

A~, ~e nm, f Englishman, Englishwoman.

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angle
nm
angle; (coin) corner.

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Angleterre
nf
England.

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anglophone
a
English-speaking. nmf English speaker.

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angoissant
~e a
alarming; (effrayant) harrowing.

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angoisse
nf
anxiety.

angoissé, ~e a anxious.

angoisser vi worry.

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animal
(pl -aux ) nm
animal; ~ familier, ~ de compagnie pet. a (mpl -aux ) animal.

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animateur
-trice nm, f
organizer, leader; (TV) host, hostess.

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animation
nf
liveliness; (affairement) activity; (au cinéma) animation; (activité dirigée) organized activity.

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animé
~e a
lively; (affairé) busy; (être) animate.

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animer
vt
liven up; (débat, atelier) lead; (spectacle) host; (pousser) drive; (encourager) spur on.

s'~ vpr liven up.

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anis
nm
(Culin) aniseed; (Bot) anise.

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anneau
(pl ~x ) nm
ring; (de chaîne) link.

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année
nf
year; ~ bissextile leap year; ~ civile calendar year.

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annexe
a
(document) attached; (question) related; (bâtiment) adjoining. nf (bâtiment) annexe; (US) annex; (document) appendix; (électronique) attachment.

annexer vt annex; (document) attach.

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anniversaire
nm
birthday; (d'un événement) anniversary. a anniversary.

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annonce
nf
announcement; (publicitaire) advertisement; (indice) sign.

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annoncer
vt
announce; (prédire) forecast; (être l'indice de) herald.

s'~ vpr (crise, tempête) be brewing; s'~ bien/mal look good/bad.

annonceur nm advertiser.

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annuaire
nm
year-book; ~ (téé phonique) l (telephone) directory.

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annuel
~le a
annual, yearly.

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annulation
nf
cancellation; (de sanction, loi) repeal; (de mesure) abolition.

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annuler
vt
cancel; (contrat) nullify; (jugement) quash; (loi) repeal.

s'~ vpr cancel each other out.

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anodin
~e a
insignificant; (sans risques) harmless, safe.

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anonymat
nm
anonymity; garder l'~ remain anonymous.

anonyme a anonymous.

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anorexie
nf
anorexia.

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anormal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
abnormal.

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anse
nf
handle; (baie) cove.

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Antarctique
nm
Antarctic.

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antenne
nf
aerial; (US) antenna; (d'insecte) antenna; (succursale) agency; (Mil) outpost; à l'~ on the air; ~ chirurgicale mobile emergency unit; ~ parabolique satellite dish.

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antérieur
~e a
previous, earlier; (placé devant) front; ~ à prior to.

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antiaérien
~ne a
anti-aircraft; abri ~ air-raid shelter.

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antiatomique
a
abri ~ nuclear fall-out shelter.

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antibiotique
nm
antibiotic.

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anticipation
nf
d'~ (livre, film) science fiction; par ~ in advance.

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anticiper
vt
~ (sur) anticipate; (effectuer à l'avance) bring forward.

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anticorps
nm
antibody.

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antidater
vt
backdate, antedate.

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antigel
nm
antifreeze.

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Antilles
nfpl
les ~ the West Indies.

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antipathique
a
unpleasant.

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antiquaire
nmf
antique dealer.

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antiquité
nf
(objet) antique; l'A~ antiquity.

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antisémite
a
anti- Semitic.

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antiseptique
a & nm
antiseptic.

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antivol
nm
anti-theft device; (Auto) steering lock.

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anxiété
nf
anxiety.

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anxieux
-ieuse a
anxious. nm, f worrier.

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août
nm
August.

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apaiser
vt
calm down; (colère, militant) appease; (douleur) soothe; (faim) satisfy.

s'~ vpr (tempête) die down.

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apathie
nf
apathy.

apathique a apathetic.

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apercevoir
vt
see.

s'~ de vpr notice; s'~ que notice ou realize that.

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aperçu
nm
(échantillon) glimpse, taste; (intuition) insight.

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apéritif
nm
aperitif, drink.

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aphte
nm
mouth ulcer.

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apitoyer
vt
move (to pity) .

s'~ vpr s'~ sur (le sort de) qn feel sorry for sb.

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aplanir
vt
level; (fig) iron out.

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aplatir
vt
flatten (out) .

s'~ vpr (s'immobiliser) flatten oneself.

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aplomb
nm
balance; (fig) self-confidence; d'~ (en équilibre) steady; je ne suis pas bien d'~ fam I don't feel very well.

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apogée
nm
peak.

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apologie
nf
panegyric.

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apostrophe
nf
apostrophe; (remarque) remark.

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apothéose
nf
high point; (d'événement) grand finale.

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apparaître
vi
appear; il apparaît que it appears that.

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appareil
nm
device; (électrique) appliance; (Anat) system; (téléphone) phone; (avion) plane; (Culin) mixture; (système administratif) apparatus; ~ (dentaire) brace; (dentier) dentures; ~ (photo) camera; c'est Gabriel à l'~ it's Gabriel on the phone; ~ auditif hearing aid; ~ électroménager household electrical appliance.

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appareiller
vi
(navire) cast off, put to sea.

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apparemment
adv
apparently.

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apparence
nf
appearance; en ~ outwardly; (apparemment) apparently.

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apparent
~e a
apparent; (visible) conspicuous.

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apparenté
~e a
related; (semblable) similar.

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apparition
nf
appearance; (spectre) apparition.

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appartement
nm
flat; (US) apartment.

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appartenir
vi
belong (à to ) il lui appartient de it is up to him to.

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appât
nm
bait; (fig) lure.

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appauvrir
vt
impoverish.

s'~ vpr become impoverished.

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appel
nm
call; (Jur) appeal; (supplique) appeal, plea; (Mil) call-up; (US) draft; faire ~ appeal; faire ~ à (recourir à) call on; (invoquer) appeal to; (évoquer) call up; (exiger) call for; faire l'~ (Scol) call the register; (Mil) take a roll-call; ~ d'offres (Comm) invitation to tender; faire un ~ de phares flash one's headlights.

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appeler
vt
call; (téléphoner) phone, call; (nécessiter) call for; en ~ à appeal to; appeléà (destiné) destined for.

s'~ vpr be called; il s'appelle Tim his name is Tim ou he is called Tim.

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appellation
nf
name, designation.

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appendice
nm
appendix.

appendicite nf appendicitis.

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appesantir
vt
weigh down.

s'~ vpr grow heavier; s'~ sur dwell upon.

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appétissant
~e a
appetizing.

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appétit
nm
appetite; bon ~! enjoy your meal!

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applaudir
vt/i
applaud.

applaudissements nmpl applause.

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application
nf
(soin) care; (de loi) (respect) application; (mise en œuvre) implementation; (Ordinat) application program.

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appliqué
~e a
(travail) painstaking; (sciences) applied; (élève) hard-working.

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appliquer
vt
apply; (loi) enforce.

s'~ vpr apply oneself (à to ) take great care (à faire to do ) s'~ à (concerner) apply to.

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appoint
nm
support; d'~ extra; faire l'~ give the correct money.

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apport
nm
contribution.

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apporter
vt
bring; (aide, précision) give; (causer) bring about.

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appréciation
nf
estimate, evaluation; (de monnaie) appreciation; (jugement) assessment.

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apprécier
vt
appreciate; (évaluer) assess; (objet) value, appraise.

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appréhender
vt
dread, fear; (arrêter) apprehend.

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apprendre
vt
learn; (être informé de) hear, learn; (de façon indirecte) hear of; ~ qch à qn teach sb sth; (informer) tell sb sth; ~ à faire learn to do; ~ à qn à faire teach sb to do; ~ que learn that; (être informé) hear that.

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apprenti
~e nm, f
apprentice.

apprentissage nm apprenticeship; (d'un sujet) learning.

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apprêter
vt
prepare; (bois) prime; (mur) size.

s'~ à vpr prepare to.

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apprivoiser
vt
tame.

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approbation
nf
approval.

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approchant
~e a
close, similar.

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approcher
vt
(objet) move near (er) (de to ) (personne) approach; ~ de get nearer ou closer to. vi approach.

s'~ de vpr approach, move near (er) to.

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approfondir
vt
deepen; (fig) (sujet) go into sth in depth; (connaissances) improve.

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approprié
~e a
appropriate.

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appropriers'
vpr
appropriate.

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approuver
vt
approve; (trouver louable) approve of; (soutenir) agree with.

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approvisionner
vt
supply (en with ) (compte en banque) pay money into.

s'~ vpr stock up.

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approximatif
-ive a
approximate.

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appui
nm
support; (de fenêtre) sill; (pour objet) rest; à l'~ de in support of; prendre ~ sur lean on.

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appui-tête
(pl appuis-tête ) nm
headrest.

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appuyer
vt
lean, rest; (presser) press; (soutenir) support, back. vi ~ sur press (on) (fig) stress.

s'~ sur vpr lean on; (compter sur) rely on.

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après
prép
after; (au-delà de) after, beyond; ~ avoir fait after doing; ~ tout after all; ~ coup after the event; d'~ (selon) according to; (en imitant) from; (adapté de) based on. adv after (wards) (plus tard) later; le bus d'~ the next bus. conj ~ qu'il est parti after he left.

après-demain adv the day after tomorrow.

après-guerre (pl ~s ) nm ou f postwar period.

après-midi nm ou f inv afternoon.

après-rasage (pl ~s ) nm aftershave.

après-ski nm inv moonboot.

après-vente a inv after-sales.

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a priori
adv
(à première vue) offhand, on the face of it; (sans réfléchir) out of hand. nm preconception.

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à-propos
nm
timing, timeliness; (fig) presence of mind.

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apte
a
capable (à of ) (ayant les qualités requises) suitable (à for ) (en état) fit (à for ) .

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aptitude
nf
aptitude, ability.

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aquarelle
nf
water-colour.

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aquatique
a
aquatic; (Sport) water.

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arabe
a
Arab; (Ling) Arabic; (désert) Arabian. nm (Ling) Arabic.

A~ nmf Arab.

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Arabie
nf
~ Saoudite Saudi Arabia.

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arachide
nf
groundnut; huile d'~ groundnut oil.

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araignée
nf
spider.

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arbitraire
a
arbitrary.

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arbitre
nm
referee; (au cricket, tennis) umpire; (expert) arbiter; (Jur) arbitrator.

arbitrer vt (match) referee, umpire; (Jur) arbitrate in.

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arbre
nm
tree; (Tech) shaft.

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arbuste
nm
shrub.

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arc
nm
(arme) bow; (courbe) curve; (voûte) arch; ~ de cercle arc of a circle.

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arc-en-ciel
(pl arcs-en-ciel ) nm
rainbow.

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arche
nf
arch; ~ de Noé Noah's ark.

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archéologie
nf
archaeology.

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archevêque
nm
archbishop.

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architecte
nmf
architect.

architecture nf architecture.

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Arctique
nm
Arctic.

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ardent
~e a
burning; (passionné) ardent; (foi) fervent.

ardeur nf ardour; (chaleur) heat.

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ardoise
nf
slate; ~ électronique notepad computer.

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arène
nf
arena; ~s amphitheatre; (pour corridas) bullring.

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arête
nf
(de poisson) bone; (bord) ridge.

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argent
nm
money; (métal) silver; ~ comptant cash; prendre pour ~ comptant take at face value; ~ de poche pocket money.

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argenté
~e a
silver (y) (métal) (silver-) plated.

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argenterie
nf
silverware.

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Argentine
nf
Argentina.

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argile
nf
clay.

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argot
nm
slang.

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argument
nm
argument; ~ de vente selling point.

argumenter vi argue.

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aristocratie
nf
aristocracy.

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arithmétique
nf
arithmetic. a arithmetical.

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armature
nf
framework; (de tente) frame.

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arme
nf
arm, weapon; ~ à feu firearm; ~s (blason) coat of arms.

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armée
nf
army; ~ de l'air Air Force; ~ de terre Army.

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armer
vt
arm; (fusil) cock; (navire) equip; (renforcer) reinforce; (Photo) wind on; ~ de (garnir de) fit with.

s'~ de vpr arm oneself with.

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armoire
nf
cupboard; (penderie) wardrobe; (US) closet; ~ à pharmacie medicine cabinet.

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armure
nf
armour.

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arnaque
nf
fam swindling; c'est de l'~ it's a swindle ou con fam.

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aromate
nm
herb, spice.

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aromatisé
~e a
flavoured.

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arôme
nm
aroma; (additif) flavouring.

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arpenter
vt
pace up and down; (terrain) survey.

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arqué
~e a
arched; (jambes) bandy.

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arrache-pied:
d'~ loc
relentlessly.

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arracher
vt
pull out ou off; (plante) pull ou dig up; (cheveux, page) tear ou pull out; (par une explosion) blow off; ~ à (enlever à) snatch from; (fig) force ou wrest from.

s'~ qch vpr fight over sth.

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arranger
vt
arrange, fix up; (réparer) put right; (régler) sort out; (convenir à) suit.

s'~ vpr (se mettre d'accord) come to an arrangement; (se débrouiller) manage (pour to ) .

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arrestation
nf
arrest.

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arrêt
nm
stopping; (de combats) cessation; (de production) halt; (lieu) stop; (pause) pause; (Jur) ruling; aux ~s (Mil) under arrest; à l'~ (véhicule) stationary; (machine) idle; faire un ~ (make a) stop; sans ~ (sans escale) nonstop; (sans interruption) constantly; ~ maladie sick leave; ~ de travail (grève) stoppage; (Méd) sick leave.

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arrêté
nm
order; ~ municipal bylaw.

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arrêter
vt
stop; (date) fix; (appareil) turn off; (renoncer à) give up; (appréhender) arrest. vi stop.

s'~ vpr stop; s'~ de faire stop doing.

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arrhes
nfpl
deposit; verser des ~ pay a deposit.

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arrière
a inv
back, rear. nm back, rear; (football) back; à l'~ in ou at the back; en ~ behind; (marcher, tomber) backwards; en ~ de behind.

arrière-boutique (pl ~s ) nf back room (of the shop) .

arriè-regarde (pl ~s ) nf rearguard.

arrière-goût (pl ~s ) nm aftertaste.

arrière-grand-mère (pl arrière-grands-mères ) nf great-grandmother.

arrière-grandpère (pl arrière-grands-pères ) nm great-grandfather.

arrièrepays nm inv backcountry.

arrière-pensée (pl ~s ) nf ulterior motive.

arrière-plan nm (pl ~s ) background.

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arrimer
vt
secure; (cargaison) stow.

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arrivage
nm
consignment.

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arrivée
nf
arrival; (Sport) finish.

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arriver
vi
(aux être) arrive, come; (réussir) succeed; (se produire) happen; ~ à (atteindre) reach; ~ à faire manage to do; je n'arrive pas à faire I can't do; en ~ à faire get to the stage of doing; il arrive que it happens that; il lui arrive de faire he (sometimes) does.

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arriviste
nmf
go-getter, self-seeker.

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arrondir
vt
(make) round; (somme) round off.

s'~ vpr become round (ed) .

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arrondissement
nm
district.

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arroser
vt
water; (repas) wash down (with a drink) (rôti) baste; (victoire) drink to.

arrosoir nm wateringcan.

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art
nm
art; (don) knack (de faire of doing ) ~s et métiers arts and crafts; ~s ménagers home economics (+sg ) .

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artère
nf
artery; (grande) ~ main road.

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arthrite
nf
arthritis.

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arthrose
nf
osteoarthritis.

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artichaut
nm
artichoke.

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article
nm
article; (Comm) item, article; à l'~ de la mort at death's door; ~ de fond feature (article) ~s de voyage travel goods.

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articulation
nf
articulation; (Anat) joint.

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articuler
vt
articulate; (structurer) structure; (assembler) connect (sur to ) .

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artificiel
~le a
artificial.

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artisan
nm
artisan, craftsman; l'~ de (fig) the architect of.

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artisanal
~e (mpl ~aux ) a
craft; (méthode) traditional; (amateur) home-made; de fabrication ~e hand-made, hand-crafted.

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artiste
nmf
artist.

artistique a artistic.

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as1
AVOIR .

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as2
nm
ace.

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ascenseur
nm
lift; (US) elevator.

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ascension
nf
ascent; l'A~ Ascension.

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aseptiser
vt
disinfect; (stériliser) sterilize; aseptisé (péj) sanitized.

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asiatique
a
Asian.

A~ nmf Asian.

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Asie
nf
Asia.

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asile
nm
refuge; (Pol) asylum; (pour malades, vieillards) home; ~ de nuit night shelter.

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aspect
nm
appearance; (facettes) aspect; (perspective) side; à l'~ de at the sight of.

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asperge
nf
asparagus.

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asperger
vt
spray.

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asphyxier
vt
(personne) asphyxiate; (entreprise, réseau) paralyse.

s'~ vpr suffocate; gas oneself; (entreprise, réseau) become paralysed.

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aspirateur
nm
vacuum cleaner.

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aspirer
vt
inhale; (liquide) suck up. vi ~ à aspire to.

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aspirine®
nf
aspirin.

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assainir
vt
clean up.

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assaisonnement
nm
seasoning.

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assassin
nm
murderer; (Pol) assassin.

assassiner vt murder; (Pol) assassinate.

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assaut
nm
assault, onslaught; donner l'~ à, prendre d'~ storm.

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assemblage
nm
assembly; (combinaison) collection; (Tech) joint.

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assemblée
nf
meeting; (gens réunis) gathering; (Pol) assembly.

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assembler
vt
assemble, put together; (réunir) gather.

s'~ vpr gather, assemble.

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asseoir
vt
sit (down) , seat; (bébé, malade) sit up; (affermir) establish; (baser) base.

s'~ vpr sit (down) .

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assermenté
~e a
sworn.

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assez
adv
(suffisamment) enough; (plutôt) quite, fairly; ~ grand/rapide big/fast enough (pour to ) ~ de enough; j'en ai (~ de) I've had enough (of) .

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assidu
~e a
(zélé) assiduous; (régulier) regular; ~ auprès de attentive to.

assiduité nf assiduousness, regularity.

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assiéger
vt
besiege.

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assiette
nf
plate; (équilibre) seat; ~ anglaise assorted cold meats; ~ creuse/plate soup-/ dinner-plate; ne pas être dans son ~ feel out of sorts.

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assigner
vt
assign; (limite) fix.

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assimilation
nf
assimilation; (comparaison) likening, comparison.

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assimiler
vt
~ à liken to; (classer) class as.

s'~ vpr assimilate; (être comparable) be comparable (à to ) .

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assis
~e a
sitting (down) , seated. ASSEOIR .

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assise
nf
(base) foundation; ~s (tribunal) assizes; (congrès) conference, congress.

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assistance
nf
audience; (aide) assistance; l'A~ (publique) welfare services.

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assistant
~e nm, f
assistant; (Scol) foreign language assistant; ~s (spectateurs) members of the audience; ~e sociale social worker.

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assister
vt
assist; ~ à attend, be (present) at; (accident) witness; assisté par ordinateur computer-assisted.

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association
nf
association.

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associé
~e nm, f
partner, associate. a associate.

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associer
vt
associate; (mêler) combine (à with ) ~ qn à (projet) involve sb in; (bénéfices) give sb a share of.

s'~ vpr (sociétés, personnes) become associated, join forces (à with ) (s'harmoniser) combine (à with ) s'~ à (joie, opinion de qn) share; (projet) take part in.

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assommer
vt
knock out; (animal) stun; (fig) overwhelm; (ennuyerfam) bore.

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Assomption
nf
Assumption.

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assortiment
nm
assortment.

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assortir
vt
match (à with, to ) ~ de accompany with.

s'~ vpr match; s'~ à qch match sth.

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assoupir
(s' ) vpr
doze off; (s'apaiser) subside.

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assouplir
vt
make supple; (fig) make flexible.

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assourdir
vt
(personne) deafen; (bruit) muffle.

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assouvir
vt
satisfy.

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assujettir
vt
subjugate, subdue; ~ à subject to.

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assumer
vt
assume; (coût) meet; (accepter) come to terms with, accept.

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assurance
nf
(self-) assurance; (garantie) assurance; (contrat) insurance; ~s sociales social insurance; ~ automobile / maladie car/health insurance.

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assuré
~e a
certain, assured; (sûr de soi) confident, assured. nm, f insured party.

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assurer
vt
ensure; (fournir) provide; (exécuter) carry out; (Comm) insure; (stabiliser) steady; (frontières) make secure; ~ à qn que assure sb that; ~ qn de assure sb of; ~ la gestion/défense de manage/defend.

s'~ vpr take out insurance; s'~ de/que make sure of/that; s'~ qch (se procurer) secure sth.

assureur nm insurer.

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astérisque
nm
asterisk.

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asthmatique
a & nmf
asthmatic.

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asthme
nm
asthma.

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asticot
nm
maggot.

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astreindre
vt
~ qn à qch force sth on sb; ~ qn à faire force sb to do.

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astrologie
nf
astrology.

astrologue nmf astrologer.

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astronaute
nmf
astronaut.

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astronomie
nf
astronomy.

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astuce
nf
smartness; (truc) trick; (plaisanterie) wisecrack.

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astucieux
-ieuse a
smart, clever.

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atelier
nm
(local) workshop; (de peintre) studio; (séance de travail) workshop.

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athée
nmf
atheist. a atheistic.

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athlète
nmf
athlete.

athlétisme nm athletics.

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Atlantique
nm
Atlantic (Ocean) .

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atmosphère
nf
atmosphere.

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atomique
a
atomic; (énergie, centrale) nuclear.

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atomiseur
nm
spray.

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atout
nm
trump (card) (avantage) asset.

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atroce
a
atrocious.

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attablers'
vpr
sit down at table.

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attachant
~e a
charming.

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attache
nf
(agrafe) fastener; (lien) tie.

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attaché
~e a
être ~ à (aimer) be attached to. nm, f (Pol) attaché.

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attacher
vt
tie (up) (ceinture, robe) fasten; (bicyclette) lock; ~ à (attribuer à) attach to. vi (Culin) stick.

s'~ vpr fasten, do up; s'~ à (se lier à) become attached to; (se consacrer à) apply oneself to.

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attaquant
~e nm, f
attacker; (au football) striker; (au football américain) forward.

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attaque
nf
attack; ~ (céé brale) r stroke; il va en faire une ~ he'll have a fit; ~ à main armée armed attack.

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attaquer
vt
attack; (banque) raid. vi attack.

s'~ à vpr attack; (problème, sujet) tackle.

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attardé
~e a
backward; (idées) outdated; (en retard) late.

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attarders'
vpr
linger.

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atteindre
vt
reach; (blesser) hit; (affecter) affect.

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atteint
~e a
~ de suffering from.

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atteinte
nf
attack (à on ) porter ~ à attack; (droit) infringe.

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atteler
vt
(cheval) harness; (remorque) couple.

s'~ à vpr get down to.

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attelle
nf
splint.

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attenant
~e a
~ (à) adjoining.

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attendant:
en ~ loc
meanwhile.

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attendre
vt
wait for; (bébé) expect; (être le sort de) await; (escompter) expect; ~ que qn fasse wait for sb to do. vi wait; (au téléphone) hold.

s'~ à vpr expect.

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attendrir
vt
move (to pity) .

s'~ vpr be moved to pity.

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attendu1
prép
given, considering; ~ que considering that.

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attendu2
, ~e a
(escompté) expected; (espéré) long-awaited.

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attentat
nm
assassination attempt; ~ (à la bombe) (bomb) attack.

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attente
nf
wait (ing) (espoir) expectations (+pl ) .

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attenter
vi

~ à make an attempt on; (fig) violate.

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attentif
-ive a
attentive; (scrupuleux) careful; ~ à mindful of; (soucieux) careful of.

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attention
nf
attention; (soin) care; ~ (à) ! watch out (for) !; faire ~ à (écouter) pay attention to; (prendre garde à) watch out for; (prendre soin de) take care of; faire ~ à faire be careful to do.

attentionné, ~e a considerate.

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attentisme
nm
wait-and-see policy.

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atténuer
vt
(violence) reduce; (critique) tone down; (douleur) ease; (faute) mitigate.

s'~ vpr subside.

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atterrir
vi
land.

atterrissage nm landing.

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attestation
nf
certificate.

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attester
vt
testify to; ~ que testify that.

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attirant
~e a
attractive.

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attirer
vt
draw, attract; (causer) bring.

s'~ vpr bring upon oneself; (amis) win.

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attiser
vt
(feu) poke; (sentiment) stir up.

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attitré
~e a
accredited; (habituel) usual, regular.

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attitude
nf
attitude; (maintien) bearing.

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attraction
nf
attraction.

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attrait
nm
attraction.

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attraper
vt
catch; (corde, main) catch hold of; (habitude, accent) pick up; (maladie) catch; se faire ~ fam get told off.

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attrayant
~e a
attractive.

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attribuer
vt
allocate; (prix) award; (imputer) attribute.

s'~ vpr claim (for oneself) .

attribution nf awarding, allocation.

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attroupers'
vpr
gather.

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au
À.

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aubaine
nf
godsend, opportunity.

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aube
nf
dawn, daybreak.

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auberge
nf
inn; ~ de jeunesse youth hostel.

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aubergine
nf
aubergine; (US) eggplant.

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aucun
~e a
(dans une phrase négative) no, not any; (positif) any. pron (dans une phrase négative) none, not any; (positif) any; ~ des deux neither of the two; d'~s some.

aucunement adv not at all, in no way.

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audace
nf
daring; (impudence) audacity.

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audacieux
-ieuse a
daring.

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au-delà
adv
beyond. prép

~ de beyond.

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au-dessous
adv
below. prép

~ de below; (couvert par) under.

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au-dessus
adv
above. prép

~ de above.

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au-devant
prép
aller ~ de qn go to meet sb; aller ~ des désirs de qn anticipate sb's wishes.

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audience
nf
audience; (d'un tribunal) hearing; (succès, attention) success.

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audimat®
nm
l'~ the TV ratings.

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audiovisuel
~le a
audio-visual.

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auditeur
-trice nm, f
listener.

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audition
nf
hearing; (Théât, Mus) audition.

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auditoire
nm
audience.

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augmentation
nf
increase; ~ (de salaire) (pay) rise; (US) raise.

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augmenter
vt/i
increase; (employé) give a pay rise ou raise to.

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augure
nm
(devin) oracle; être de bon/mauvais ~ be a good/ bad sign.

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aujourd'hui
adv
today.

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auparavant
adv
(avant) before; (précédemment) previously; (en premier lieu) beforehand.

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auprès
prép
~ de (à côté de) beside, next to; (comparéà) compared with; s'excuser/se plaindre ~ de apologize/complain to.

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auquel
LEQUEL.

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aura
aurait AVOIR .

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aurore
nf
dawn.

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aussi
adv
(également) too, also, as well; (dans une comparaison) as; (si, tellement) so; ~ bien que as well as. conj (donc) so, consequently.

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aussitôt
adv
immediately; ~ que as soon as, the moment; ~ arrivé as soon as he arrived.

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austère
a
austere.

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Australie
nf
Australia.

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australien
~ne a
Australian.

A~, ~ne nm, f Australian.

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autant
adv
(travailler, manger) as much (que as ) ~ (de) (quantité) as much (que as ) (nombre) as many (que as ) (tant) so much, so many; ~ faire one had better do; d'~ plus que all the more than; en faire ~ do the same; pour ~ for all that.

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autel
nm
altar.

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auteur
nm
author; l'~ du crime the perpetrator of the crime.

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authentifier
vt
authenticate.

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authentique
a
authentic.

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auto
nf
car; ~ tamponneuse ~ odgem, bumper car.

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autobus
nm
bus.

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autocar
nm
coach.

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autochtone
nmf
native.

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autocollant
~e a
self-adhesive. nm sticker.

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autodidacte
nmf
self-taught person.

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auto-école
(pl ~s ) nf
driving school.

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automate
nm
automaton, robot.

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automatique
a
automatic.

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automatisation
nf
automation.

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automne
nm
autumn; (US) fall.

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automobile
a
motor, car; (US) automobile. nf (motor) car; l'~ the motor industry; (Sport) motoring.

automobiliste nmf motorist.

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autonome
a
autonomous; (Ordinat) stand-alone.

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autoradio
nm
car radio.

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autorisation
nf
permission, authorization; (permis) permit.

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autorisé
~e a
(opinions) authoritative; (approuvé) authorized.

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autoriser
vt
authorize, permit; (rendre possible) allow (of) (donner un droit) ~ qn à faire entitle sb to do.

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autoritaire
a
authoritarian.

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autorité
nf
authority; faire ~ be authoritative.

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autoroute
nf
motorway; (US) highway; ~ de l'information (Ordinat) information superhighway.

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auto-stop
nm
hitch-hiking; faire de l'~ hitch-hike; prendre qn en ~ give a lift to sb.

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autour
adv
around; tout ~ all around. prép ~ de around.

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autre
a
other; un ~ jour/livre another day/book; ~ chose/part something/somewhere else; quelqu'un/rien d'~ somebody/ nothing else; quoi d'~? what else?; d'~ part on the other hand; (de plus) moreover, besides; vous ~s Anglais you English. pron un ~, une ~ another (one) l'~ the other (one) les ~s the others; (autrui) others; d'~s (some) others; l'un l'~ each other; l'un et l'~ both of them; d'un jour à l'~ (bientôt) any day now; entre ~s among other things.

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autrefois
adv
in the past; (précédemment) formerly.

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autrement
adv
differently; (sinon) otherwise; (plusfam) far more; ~ dit in other words.

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Autriche
nf
Austria.

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autrichien
~ne a
Austrian.

A~, ~ne nm, f Austrian.

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autruche
nf
ostrich.

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autrui
pron
others, other people.

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aux
À.

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auxiliaire
a
auxiliary. nmf (assistant) auxiliary. nm (Gram) auxiliary.

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auxquels
-quelles LEQUEL.

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aval:
en ~ loc
downstream.

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avaler
vt
swallow.

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avance
nf
advance; (sur un concurrent) lead; ~ (de fonds) advance; à l'~ in advance; d'~ already; en ~ early; (montre) fast; en (~ sur) (menant) ahead (of) .

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avancement
nm
promotion.

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avancé
~e a
advanced.

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avancer
vi
move forward, advance; (travail) make progress; (montre) be fast; (faire saillie) jut out. vt move forward; (dans le temps) bring forward; (argent) advance; (montre) put forward.

s'~ vpr move forward, advance; (se hasarder) commit oneself.

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avant
nm
front; (Sport) forward. a inv front. prép before; ~ de faire before doing; en ~ de in front of; ~ peu shortly; ~ tout above all. adv (dans le temps) before, beforehand; (d'abord) first; en ~ (dans l'espace) forward (s) (dans le temps) ahead; le bus d'~ the previous bus. conj ~ que before; ~ qu'il (ne) fasse before he does.

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avantage
nm
advantage; (Comm) benefit.

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avantager
vt
favour; (embellir) show off to advantage.

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avantageux
-euse a
advantageous, favourable; (prix) attractive.

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avant-bras
nm inv
forearm.

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avant-centre
(pl avants-centres ) nm
centre forward.

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avant-coureur
(pl ~s ) a
precursory, foreshadowing.

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avant-dernier
-ière (pl ~s ) a & nm, f
last but one.

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avant-goût
(pl ~s ) nm
foretaste.

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avant-hier
adv
the day before yesterday.

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avant-poste
(pl ~s ) nm
outpost.

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avant-première
(pl ~s ) nf
preview.

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avant-propos
nm inv
foreword.

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avare
a
miserly; ~ de sparing with. nmf miser.

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avarié
~e a
(aliment) spoiled.

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avatar
nm
misfortune.

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avec
prép
with. adv fam with it ou them.

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avènement
nm
advent; (d'un roi) accession.

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avenir
nm
future; à l'~ in future; d'~ with (future) prospects.

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aventure
nf
adventure; (sentimentale) affair.

aventureux, -euse a adventurous; (hasardeux) risky.

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avérers'
vpr
prove (to be) .

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averse
nf
shower.

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avertir
vt
inform; (mettre en garde, menacer) warn.

avertissement nm warning.

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avertisseur
nm
alarm; (Auto) horn; ~ d'incendie fire-alarm; ~ lumineux warning light.

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aveu
(pl ~x ) nm
confession; de l'~ de by the admission of.

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aveugle
a
blind. nmf blind man, blind woman.

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aviateur
-trice nm, f
aviator.

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aviation
nf
flying; (industrie) aviation; (Mil) air force.

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avide
a
greedy (de for ) (anxieux) eager (de for ) ~ de faire eager to do.

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avion
nm
plane, aeroplane, aircraft; (US) airplane; ~ à réaction jet.

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aviron
nm
oar; l'~ (Sport) rowing.

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avis
nm
opinion; (conseil) advice; (renseignement) notification; (Comm) advice; à mon ~ in my opinion; changer d'~ change one's mind; être d'~ que be of the opinion that; ~ au lecteur foreword.

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avisé
~e a
sensible; être bien/mal ~ de be well-/ill-advised to.

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aviser
vt
advise, notify. vi decide what to do.

s'~ de vpr suddenly realize; s'~ de faire take it into one's head to do.

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avocat
~e nm, f
barrister; (US) attorney; (fig) advocate; ~ de la défense counsel for the defence. nm (fruit) avocado (pear) .

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avoine
nf
oats (+pl ) .

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avoir
verbe auxiliaire
have; il nous a appelés hier he called us yesterday. verbe transitif
(possession) have (got) .
(obtenir) get; (au téléphone) get through to.
(duper) fam have; on m'a eu! I've been had!
~ chaud/faim be hot/hungry.
~ dix ans be ten years old.

avoir à verbe + préposition
to have to; j'ai beaucoup à faire I have a lot to do; tu n'as qu'à leur écrire all you have to do is write to them.

en avoir pour verbe + préposition
j'en ai pour une minute I will only be a minute; j'en ai eu pour 100 francs it cost me 100 francs.

il y a verbe impersonnel
there is; (pluriel) there are; qu'est-ce qu'il y a? what's the matter?; il est venu il y a cinq ans he came here five years ago; il y a au moins 5 km jusqu'à la gare it's at least 5 km to the station. nom masculin
(dans un magasin) credit note.
(biens) asset (+pl ) .

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avortement
nm
(Méd) abortion.

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avorter
vi
(projet) abort; (se faire) ~ have an abortion.

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avoué
~e a
avowed. nm solicitor; (US) attorney.

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avouer
vt
(amour, ignorance) confess; (crime) confess to, admit. vi confess.

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avril
nm
April.

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axe
nm
axis; (essieu) axle; (d'une politique) main line (s) , basis; ~ (routier) main road.

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ayant
AVOIR .

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azote
nm
nitrogen.

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azur
nm
sky-blue.

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B

baba
nm
~ (au rhum) (rum) baba; en rester ~ fam be flabbergasted.

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babillard
nm
~ électronique (Internet) bulletin board system, BBS.

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babines
nfpl
se lécher les ~ lick one's chops.

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babiole
nf
trinket.

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bâbord
nm
port (side) .

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baby-foot
nm inv
table football.

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bac
nm
(Scol) BACCALAURÉAT; (bateau) ferry; (récipient) tub; (plus petit) tray.

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baccalauréat
nm
school leaving certificate.

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bâche
nf
tarpaulin.

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bachelier
-ière nm, f
holder of the baccalauréat .

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bachoter
vi
cram (for an exam) .

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bâcler
vt
botch (up) .

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bactérie
nf
bacterium; ~s bacteria.

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badaud
~e nm, f
onlooker.

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badigeonner
vt
whitewash; (barbouiller) daub.

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badiner
vi
banter.

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baffe
nf
fam slap.

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baffle
nm
speaker.

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bafouiller
vt/i
stammer.

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bagage
nm
bag; (connaissances) knowledge; ~s luggage; ~ à main hand luggage.

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bagarre
nf
fight.

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bagatelle
nf
trifle; (somme) trifling amount.

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bagnard
nm
convict.

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bagnole
nf
fam car.

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bague
nf
(bijou) ring.

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baguette
nf
stick; (de chef d'orchestre) baton; (chinoise) chopstick; (pain) baguette; ~ magique magic wand; ~ de tambour drumstick.

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baie
nf
(Géog) bay; (fruit) berry; ~ (vitré e) picture window; (Ordinat) bay.

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baignade
nf
swimming.

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baigner
vt
bathe; (enfant) bath. vi ~ dans l'huile swim in grease.

se ~ vpr have a swim.

baigneur, -euse nm, f swimmer.

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baignoire
nf
bath (tub) .

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bail
(pl baux ) nm
lease.

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bâiller
vi
yawn; (être ouvert) gape.

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bailleur
nm
~ de fonds (Comm) sleeping partner.

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bain
nm
bath; (baignade) swim; prendre un ~ de soleil sunbathe; ~ de bouche mouthwash; être dans le ~ (fig) be in the swing of things; se remettre dans le ~ get back into the swing of things; prendre un ~ de foule mingle with the crowd.

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bain-marie
(pl bains-marie ) nm
double boiler.

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baiser
vt
(main) kiss; sl screw sl. nm kiss.

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baisse
nf
fall, drop; être en ~ be going down.

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baisser
vt
lower; (radio, lampe) turn down. vi (niveau) go down, fall; (santé, forces) fail.

se ~ vpr bend down.

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bal
(pl ~s ) nm
dance; (habillé) ball; (lieu) dance-hall; ~ costumé fancy-dress ball.

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balade
nf
stroll; (en auto) drive.

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balader
vt
take for a stroll.

se ~ vpr (à pied) (go for a) stroll; (en voiture) go for a drive; (voyager) travel.

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baladeur
nm
personal stereo.

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balafre
nf
gash; (cicatrice) scar.

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balai
nm
broom.

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balance
nf
scales (+pl ) la B~ Libra.

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balancer
vt
swing; (doucement) sway; (lancerfam) chuck fam (se débarrasser defam) chuck out fam. vi sway.

se ~ vpr swing; sway; s'en ~ fam not to give a damn fam.

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balancier
nm
(d'horloge) pendulum; (d'équilibriste) pole.

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balançoire
nf
swing.

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balayage
nm
sweeping; (cheveux) highlights.

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balayer
vt
sweep (up) (vent) sweep away; (se débarrasser de) sweep aside.

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balbutiement
nm
stammering; les ~s (fig) the first steps.

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balcon
nm
balcony; (Théât) dress circle.

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baleine
nf
whale.

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balise
nf
beacon; (bouée) buoy; (Auto) (road) sign.

baliser vt mark out (with beacons) (route) signpost; (sentier) mark out.

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balivernes
nfpl
nonsense.

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ballant
~e a
dangling.

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balle
nf
(projectile) bullet; (Sport) ball; (paquet) bale.

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ballerine
nf
(danseuse) ballerina; (chaussure) ballet pump.

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ballet
nm
ballet.

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ballon
nm
(Sport) ball; ~ (de baudruche) balloon; ~ de football football.

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ballonné
~e a
bloated.

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balnéaire
a
seaside.

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balourd
~e nm, f
oaf. a uncouth.

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balustrade
nf
railing.

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ban
nm
round of applause; ~s (de mariage) banns; mettre au ~ de cast out from.

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banal
~e (mpl ~s ) a
commonplace, banal.

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banane
nf
banana.

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banc
nm
bench; (de poissons) shoal; ~ des accusés dock; ~ d'essai (test) testing ground.

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bancaire
a
(secteur) banking; (chèque) bank.

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bancal
~e (mpl ~s ) a
wobbly; (solution) shaky.

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bande
nf
(groupe) gang; (de papier ) strip; (rayure) stripe; (de film) reel; (pansement) bandage; ~ dessinée comic strip; ~ (magné tique) tape; ~ sonore sound-track.

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bande-annonce
(pl bandes-annonces ) nf
trailer.

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bandeau
(pl ~x ) nm
headband; (sur les yeux) blindfold.

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bander
vt
bandage; (arc) bend; (muscle) tense; ~ les yeux à blindfold.

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banderole
nf
banner.

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bandit
nm
bandit.

banditisme nm crime.

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bandoulière:
en ~ loc
across one's shoulder.

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banlieue
nf
suburbs; de ~ suburban.

banlieusard, ~e nm, f (suburban) commuter.

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bannir
vt
banish.

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banque
nf
bank; (activité) banking; ~ de données databank.

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banqueroute
nf
bankruptcy.

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banquet
nm
banquet.

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banquette
nf
seat.

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banquier
-ière nm, f
banker.

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baptême
nm
baptism, christening.

baptiser vt baptize, christen; (nommer) call.

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bar
nm
(lieu) bar.

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baragouiner
vt/i
gabble; (langue) speak a few words of.

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baraque
nf
hut, shed; (maisonfam) house.

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baratin
nm
fam sweet ou smooth talk.

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barbare
a
barbaric. nmf barbarian.

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barbe
nf
beard; ~ à papa candy-floss; (US) cotton candy; quelle ~! fam what a drag! fam.

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barbelé
a
fil ~ barbed wire.

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barber
vt
fam bore.

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barboter
vi
(dans l'eau) paddle, splash. vt (volerfam) pinch.

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barbouiller
vt
(souiller) smear (de with ) tu es tout barbouillé your face is all dirty; être barbouillé feel queazy.

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barbu
~e a
bearded.

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barème
nm
list, table; (échelle) scale.

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baril
nm
barrel; (de poudre) keg.

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bariolé
~e a
multicol-oured.

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baromètre
nm
barometer.

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baron
~ne nm, f
baron, baroness.

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barque
nf
(small) boat.

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barrage
nm
dam; (sur route) roadblock.

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barre
nf
bar; (trait) line, stroke; (Naut) helm; ~ de boutons (Ordinat) toolbar.

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barreau
(pl ~x ) nm
bar; (d'échelle) rung; le ~ (Jur) the bar.

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barrer
vt
block; (porte) bar; (rayer) cross out; (Naut) steer.

se ~ vpr fam leave.

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barrette
nf
(hair) slide.

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barrière
nf
(porte) gate; (clôture) fence; (obstacle) barrier.

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bar-tabac
(pl bars-tabac ) nm
café (selling stamps and cigarettes) .

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bas
basse a
(niveau, table) low; (action) base; au ~ mot at the lowest estimate; en ~ âge young; ~ morceaux (viande) cheap cuts. nm bottom; (chaussette) stocking; ~ de laine (fig) nest-egg. adv low; en ~ down below; (dans une maison) downstairs; en ~ de la page at the bottom of the page; plus ~ further ou lower down; mettre ~ give birth (to) .

bas de casse nm inv lower case.

bas-côté (pl ~s ) nm (de route) verge; (US) shoulder.

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bascule
nf
(balance) scales (+pl ) cheval/fauteuil à ~ rocking-horse/-chair.

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basculer
vi
topple over; (benne) tip up.

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base
nf
base; (fondement) basis; (Pol) rank and file; de ~ basic.

base de données nf database.

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baser
vt
base.

se ~ sur vpr go by.

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bas-fonds
nmpl
(eau) shallows; (fig) dregs.

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basilic
nm
basil.

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basilique
nf
basilica.

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basque
a
Basque.

B~ nmf Basque.

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basse
BAS.

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basse-cour
(pl basses-cours ) nf
farmyard.

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bassesse
nf
baseness; (action) base act.

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bassin
nm
(pièce d'eau) pond; (de piscine) pool; (Géog) basin; (Anat) pelvis; (plat) bowl; ~ houiller coalfield.

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bassine
nf
bowl.

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basson
nm
bassoon.

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bas-ventre
(pl ~s ) nm
lower abdomen.

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bat
BATTRE .

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bataille
nf
battle; (fig) fight.

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bâtard
~e a
(solution) hybrid. nm, f bastard.

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bateau
(pl ~x ) nm
boat; ~ pneumatique rubber dinghy.

bateau-mouche (pl bateaux-mouches ) nm sightseeing boat.

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bâti
~e a
bien ~ well-built.

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bâtiment
nm
building; (industrie) building trade; (navire) vessel.

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bâtir
vt
build.

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bâton
nm
stick; conversation à ~s rompus rambling conversation; ~ de rouge lipstick.

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battant
nm
(vantail) flap; porte à deux ~s double door.

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battement
nm
(de cœur) beat (ing) (temps) interval; (Mus) beat.

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batterie
nf
(Mil, Électr) battery; (Mus) drums; ~ de cuisine pots and pans.

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batteur
nm
(Mus) drummer; (Culin) whisk.

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battre
vt/i
beat; (cartes) shuffle; (Culin) whisk; (l'emporter sur) beat; ~ des ailes flap its wings; ~ des mains clap; ~ des paupières blink; ~ en retraite beat a retreat; ~ la semelle stamp one's feet; ~ son plein be in full swing.

se ~ vpr fight.

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baume
nm
balm.

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bavard
~e a
talkative. nm, f chatterbox.

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bavardage
nm
chatter, gossip.

bavarder vi chat; (jacasser) chatter, gossip.

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bave
nf
dribble, slobber; (de limace) slime.

baver vi dribble, slobber.

baveux, -euse a dribbling; (omelette) runny.

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bavoir
nm
bib.

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bavure
nf
smudge; (erreur) blunder; ~ policière police blunder.

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bazar
nm
bazaar; (objetsfam) clutter.

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BCBG
abrév mf
(bon chic bon genre ) posh.

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BD
abrév f
(bande dessinée ) comic strip.

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béant
~e a
gaping.

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béat
~e a
(hum) blissful; ~ d'admiration wide-eyed with admiration.

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beau
(bel before vowel or mute h)

belle (mpl ~x ) a beautiful; (femme) beautiful; (homme) handsome; (temps) fine, nice. nm beauty. adv il fait ~ the weather is nice; au ~ milieu right in the middle; bel et bien well and truly; de plus belle more than ever; faire le ~ sit up and beg; on a ~ essayer/insister however much one tries/insists.

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beaucoup
adv
a lot, very much; ~ de (nombre) many; (quantité) a lot of; pas ~ (de) not many; (quantité) not much; ~ plus/mieux much more/better; ~ trop far too much; de ~ by far.

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beau-fils
(pl beaux-fils ) nm
(remariage) stepson.

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beau-frère
(pl beaux-frères ) nm
brother-in-law.

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beau-père
(pl beaux-pères ) nm
father-in-law; (remariage) stepfather.

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beauté
nf
beauty; finir en ~ end magnificently.

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beaux-arts
nmpl
fine arts.

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beaux-parents
nmpl
parents-in-law.

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bébé
nm
baby.

bébé-éprouvette (pl bébés-éprouvette ) nm test-tube baby.

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bec
nm
beak; (de théière) spout; (de casserole) lip; (bouchefam) mouth; ~ de gaz gas street-lamp.

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bécane
nf
fam bike.

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bêche
nf
spade.

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bégayer
vt/i
stammer.

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bègue
nmf
stammerer. a être ~ stammer.

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bégueule
a
prudish.

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beige
a & nm
beige.

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beignet
nm
fritter.

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bel
BEAU.

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bêler
vi
bleat.

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belette
nf
weasel.

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belge
a
Belgian.

B~ nmf Belgian.

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Belgique
nf
Belgium.

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bélier
nm
ram; le B~ Aries.

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belle
BEAU.

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belle-fille
(pl belles-filles ) nf
daughter-in-law; (remariage) stepdaughter.

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belle-mère
(pl belles-mères ) nf
mother-in-law; (remariage) stepmother.

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belle-sœur
(pl belles-sœurs ) nf
sister-in-law.

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belliqueux
-euse a
warlike.

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bémol
nm
(Mus) flat.

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bénédiction
nf
blessing.

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bénéfice
nm
(gain) profit; (avantage) benefit.

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bénéficiaire
nmf
beneficiary.

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bénéficier
vi
~ de benefit from; (jouir de) enjoy, have.

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bénéfique
a
beneficial.

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Bénélux
nm
Benelux.

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bénévole
a
voluntary.

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bénin
-igne a
minor; (tumeur) benign.

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bénir
vt
bless.

bénit, ~e a (eau) holy; (pain) consecrated.

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benjamin
~e nm, f
youngest child.

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benne
nf
(de grue) scoop; ~ à ordures (camion) waste disposal truck; (conteneur) skip; ~ (basculante) dump truck.

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béquille
nf
crutch; (de moto) stand.

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berceau
(pl ~x ) nm
(de bébé, civilisation) cradle.

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bercer
vt
(balancer) rock; (apaiser) lull; (leurrer) delude.

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béret
nm
beret.

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berge
nf
(bord) bank.

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berger
-ère nm, f
shepherd, shepherdess.

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berne:
en ~ loc
at halfmast.

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berner
vt
fool.

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besogne
nf
task, job.

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besoin
nm
need; avoir ~ de need; au ~ if need be; dans le ~ in need.

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bestiole
nf
fam bug.

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bétail
nm
livestock.

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bête
a
stupid. nf animal; ~ noire pet hate; ~ sauvage wild beast; chercher la petite ~ be overfussy.

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bêtise
nf
stupidity; (action) stupid thing.

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béton
nm
concrete; ~ armé reinforced concrete; en ~ (mur) concrete; (argumentfam) watertight.

bétonnière nf concrete mixer.

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betterave
nf
beet; ~ rouge beetroot.

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beugler
vi
bellow; (radio) blare out.

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beur
nmf & a
fam second-generation North African living in France.

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beurre
nm
butter.

beurré, ~e a buttered; fam drunk.

beurrier nm butter-dish.

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bévue
nf
blunder.

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biais
nm
(moyen) way; par le ~ de by means of; de ~, en ~ at an angle; regarder qn de ~ look sideways at sb.

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bibelot
nm
ornament.

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biberon
nm
(feeding) bottle; nourrir au ~ bottle-feed.

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bible
nf
bible; la B~ the Bible.

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bibliographie
nf
bibliography.

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bibliothécaire
nmf
librarian.

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bibliothèque
nf
library; (meuble) bookcase.

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bic®
nm
biro®.

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bicarbonate
nm
~ (de soude) bicarbonate (of soda) .

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biceps
nm
biceps.

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biche
nf
doe; ma ~ darling.

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bichonner
vt
pamper.

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bicyclette
nf
bicycle.

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bide
nm
(ventrefam) paunch; (échecfam) flop.

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bidet
nm
bidet.

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bidon
nm
can; (plus grand) drum; (ventrefam) belly; c'est du ~ fam it's a load of hogwash fam. a inv fam phoney.

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bidonville
nf
shanty town.

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bidule
nm
fam thing.

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Biélorussie
nf
Byelorussia.

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bien
adv
well; (très) quite, very; ~ des (nombre) many; tu as ~ de la chance you are very lucky; j'aimerais ~ I would like to; ce n'est pas ~ de it is not nice to; ~ sûr of course. nm good; (patrimoine) possession; ~s de consommation consumer goods. a inv good; (passable) all right; (en forme) well; (à l'aise) comfortable; (beau) attractive; (respectable) nice, respectable. conj ~ que (al-) though; ~ que ce soit although it is.

bien-aimé, ~e a & nm, f beloved.

bien-être nm wellbeing.

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bienfaisance
nf
charity; fête de ~ charity event.

bienfaisant, ~e a beneficial.

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bienfait
nm
(kind) favour; (avantage) beneficial effect.

bienfaiteur, -trice nm, f benefactor.

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bien-pensant
~e a
right-thinking.

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bienséance
nf
propriety.

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bientôt
adv
soon; à ~ see you soon.

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bienveillance
nf
kind- (li) ness.

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bienvenu
~e a
welcome. nm, f être le ~, être la ~e be welcome.

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bienvenue
nf
welcome; souhaiter la ~ à welcome.

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bière
nf
beer; (cercueil) coffin; ~ blonde lager; ~ brune stout; ~ pression draught beer.

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bifteck
nm
steak.

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bifurquer
vi
branch off, fork.

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bigarré
~e a
motley.

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bigoudi
nm
curler.

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bijou
(pl ~x ) nm
jewel; ~x en or gold jewellery.

bijouterie nf (boutique) jewellery shop; (Comm) jewellery.

bijoutier, -ière nm, f jeweller.

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bilan
nm
outcome; (d'une catastrophe) (casualty) toll; (Comm) balance sheet; faire le ~ de assess; ~ de santé check-up.

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bile
nf
bile; se faire de la ~ fam worry.

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bilingue
a
bilingual.

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billard
nm
billiards (+pl ) (table) billiard-table.

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bille
nf
(d'enfant) marble; (de billard) billiard-ball.

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billet
nm
ticket; (lettre) note; (article) column; ~ (de banque) (bank) note; ~ de 50 francs 50-franc note.

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billetterie
nf
cash dispenser.

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billion
nm
billion; (US) trillion.

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bimensuel
~e a
fortnightly, bimonthly. nm fortnightly magazine.

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binette
nf
hoe; (visage) face; (Internet) smiley.

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biochimie
nf
biochemistry.

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biodégradable
a
biodegradable.

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biographie
nf
biography.

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biologie
nf
biology.

biologique a biological; (produit) organic.

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bis
nm & interj
encore.

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biscornu
~e a
crooked; (bizarre) cranky fam.

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biscotte
nf
continental toast.

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biscuit
nm
biscuit; (US) cookie; ~ salé cracker; ~ de Savoie sponge-cake.

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bise
nf
fam kiss; (vent) north wind.

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bison
nm
buffalo.

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bisou
nm
fam kiss.

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bistrot
nm
fam café, bar.

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bit
nm
(Ordinat) bit.

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bitume
nm
asphalt.

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bizarre
a
odd, strange.

bizzarerie nf peculiarity.

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blafard
~e a
pale.

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blague
nf
fam joke; sans ~! no kidding! fam.

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blaguer
fam vi
joke.

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blaireau
(pl ~x ) nm
shaving-brush; (animal) badger.

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blâmer
vt
criticize.

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blanc
blanche a
white; (papier, page) blank. nm white; (espace) blank; ~ d'œuf egg white; ~ de poireau white part of the leek; ~ (de poulet) chicken breast; le ~ (linge) whites; laisser en ~ leave blank.

B~, Blanche nm, f white man, white woman.

blanche nf (Mus) minim.

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blanchiment
nm
(d'argent) laundering.

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blanchir
vt
whiten; (personne: fig) clear; argent) (launder; Culin) (blanch; ~ (à la chaux) whitewash. vi turn white. )

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blanchisserie
nf
laundry.

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blason
nm
coat of arms.

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blasphème
nm
blasphemy.

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blé
nm
wheat.

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blême
a
pallid.

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blessant
~e a
hurtful.

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blessé
~e nm, f
casualty, injured person.

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blesser
vt
injure, hurt; (par balle) wound; (offenser) hurt.

se ~ vpr injure ou hurt oneself.

blessure nf wound.

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bleu
~e a
blue; (Culin) very rare; ~ marine/turquoise navy blue/turquoise; avoir une peur ~e be scared stiff. nm blue; (contusion) bruise; ~ (de travail) overalls (+pl ) .

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bleuet
nm
cornflower.

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blindé
~e a
armoured; (fig) immune (contre to ) porte ~e security car. nm armoured car, tank.

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blinder
vt
armour; (fig) harden.

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bloc
nm
block; (de papier) pad; serrer à ~ tighten hard; en ~ (matériau) in a block; (nier) outright.

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blocage
nm
(des prix) freeze, freezing; (des roues) locking; (Psych) block.

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bloc-notes
(pl blocs-notes ) nm
note-pad.

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blocus
nm
blockade.

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blond
~e a
fair, blond. nm, f fair-haired man, fairhaired woman.

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bloquer
vt
block; (porte, machine) jam; (roues) lock; (prix, crédits) freeze.

se ~ vpr jam; (roues) lock; (freins) jam; (ordinateur) crash; bloqué par la neige snowbound.

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blottir
(se ) vpr
snuggle, huddle (contre against ) .

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blouse
nf
overall.

blouse blanche nf white coat.

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blouson
nm
jacket, blouson.

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bluffer
vt/i
bluff.

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bobine
nf
(de fil, film) reel; (Électr) coil.

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bobo
nm
fam sore, cut; avoir ~ have a pain.

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bocal
(pl -aux ) nm
jar.

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bœuf
(pl ~s ) nm
bullock; (US) steer; (viande) beef; ~s oxen.

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bogue
nm
(Ordinat) bug.

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bohème
a & nmf
bohemian.

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boire
vt/i
(personne, plante) drink; (argile) soak up; ~ un coup fam have a drink.

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bois
BOIRE . nm
(matériau, forêt) wood; de ~ en ~ wooden. nmpl (de cerf) antlers.

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boiseries
nfpl
panelling.

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boisson
nf
drink.

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boit
BOIRE .

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boîte
nf
box; (de conserves) tin, can; (entreprise fam) firm; en ~ tinned, canned; ~ à gants glove compartment; ~ aux lettres letterbox; ~ aux lettres électronique,blé mailbox; ~ de nuit night-club; ~ postale post-office box; ~ devitesses gear box.

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boiter
vi
limp.

boiteux, -euse a lame; (raisonnement) shaky.

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boîtier
nm
case.

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bol
nm
bowl; ~ d'air abreath of fresh air; avoir du ~ fam be lucky.

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bolide
nm
racing car.

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Bolivie
nf
Bolivia.

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bombardement
nm
bombing; shelling.

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bombarder
vt
bomb; (par obus) shell; ~ qn de (fig) bombard sb with.

bombardier nm (Aviat) bomber.

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bombe
nf
bomb; (atomiseur) spray, aerosol.

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bombé
~e a
rounded; (route) cambered.

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bon
bonne a
good; (quiconvient) right; ~ à/pour (approprié) it to/for; bonne année happy NewYear; ~ anniversaire happy birthday; ~ appétit/voyage enjoy your meal/trip; bonne chance/nuit good luck/night; ~ sens common sense; bonne femme (péj) woman; de bonne heure early; à quoi ~? what's the point? adv sentir ~ smell nice; tenir ~ stand firm; ilfait ~ the weather is mild. interj right, well. nm (billet) voucher, coupon; ~ de commande order form; pour de ~ for good.

bonne nf (domestique) maid.

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bonbon
nm
sweet; (US) candy.

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bonbonne
nf
demijohn; (de gaz) cylinder.

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bond
nm
leap; faire un ~ (de surprise) jump.

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bonde
nf
plug; (trou) plughole.

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bondé
~e a
packed.

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bondir
vi
leap; (de surprise) jump.

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bonheur
nm
happiness; (chance) (good) luck; au petit ~ haphazardly; par ~ luckily.

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bonhomme
(pl bonshommes ) bOnOm, bïzOm/ nm
fellow; ~ deneige snowman. a inv good hearted.

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bonifier
(se) vpr
improve.

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bonjour
nm & interj
hallo, hello, good morning ou afternoon.

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bon marché
a inv
cheap. adv cheap (ly)

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bonne
BON.

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bonne-maman
(pl bonnes mamans ) nf
fam granny.

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bonnement
adv
tout ~ quite simply.

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bonnet
nm
hat; (de soutiengorge) cup; ~ de bain swimmingcap.

bonneterie nf hosiery.

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bonsoir
nm
goodevening; (en se couchant) goodnight.

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bonté
nf
kindness.

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bonus
nm
(Auto) no-claims bonus.

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boots
nmpl
ankle boots.

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bord
nm
edge; (rive) bank; à (~ de) ) on board; au ~ de la mer at the seaside; au ~ des larmes onthe verge of tears; ~ de la route roadside.

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bordeaux
a inv
maroon. nm inv Bordeaux.

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bordel
nm
brothel; (désordre fam) shambles.

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border
vt
line, border; (tissu) edge; (personnelit) tuckin.

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bordereau
(pl ~x ) nm
(document) slip.

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bordure
nf
border; en ~ de on the edge of.

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borgne
a
one-eyed.

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borne
nf
boundary marker; (pour barrer le passage) bollard; ~ (kilomé trique) milestone; ~s limits.

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borné
~e a
(esprit) narrow; (personne) narrow minded.

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borner
(se) vpr
confine oneself (à to ) .

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bosniaque
a
Bosnian.

B~ nmf Bosnian.

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Bosnie
nf
Bosnia.

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bosse
nf
bump; (de chameau) hump; avoir la ~ de fam have a gift for; avoir roulé sa ~ have been around.

bosselé, ~e a dented; (terrain) bumpy.

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bosser
vi
fam work (hard) .

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bossu
~e a
hunchbacked. nm, f hunchback.

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botanique
nf
botany. a botanical.

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botte
nf
boot; (de fleurs,légumes) bunch; (de paille) bundle,bale; ~s de caoutchouc wellingtons.

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botter
vt
fam ça me botte I like the idea.

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bottin®
nm
phone book.

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bouc
nm
(billy-) goat; (barbe) goatee; ~ émissaire scapegoat.

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boucan
nm
fam din.

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bouche
nf
mouth; (lèvres) lips; ~ bée open-mouthed; ~ d'égout manhole; ~ d'incendie (fire) hydrant; ~ de métro entrance to the underground ou subway (US) .

bouche-à-bouche nm inv mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.

bouche-à-oreille nm inv word of mouth.

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bouché
~e a
(profession,avenir) oversubscribed; (stupide:péj) stupid.

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bouchée
nf
mouthful.

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boucher1
vt
block; (bouteille) cork.

se ~ vpr getblocked; se ~ le nez hold one's nose.

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boucher2
-ère nm, f
butcher.

boucherie nf butcher's (shop) (carnage) butchery.

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bouchon
nm
stopper; (enliège) cork; (de stylo, tube) cap; (depêcheur) float; (embouteillage) trafficjam; ~ de cérumen plug ofearwax.

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boucle
nf
(de ceinture) buckle; (de cheveux) curl; (forme) loop; ~ d'oreille earring.

bouclé, ~e a (cheveux) curly.

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boucler
vt
fasten; (enfermer fam) shut up; (encercler) seal off; (budget) balance; (terminer) finish off. vi curl.

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bouclier
nm
shield.

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bouddhiste
a & nmf
Buddhist.

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bouder
vi
sulk. vt stay away from.

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boudin
nm
black pudding.

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boue
nf
mud.

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bouée
nf
buoy; ~ de sauvetage lifebuoy.

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boueux
-euse a
muddy.

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bouffe
nf
fam food, grub.

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bouffée
nf
puff, whiff; (d'orgueil) fit; ~ de chaleur (Méd) hotflush.

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bouffi
~e a
bloated.

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bouffon
~ne a
farcical. nm buffoon.

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bougeoir
nm
candlestick.

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bougeotte
nf
avoir la ~ fam have the fidgets.

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bouger
vt/i
move.

se ~ vpr fam move.

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bougie
nf
candle; (Auto) spark (ing) -plug.

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bouillant
~e a
boiling; (très chaud) boiling hot.

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bouillie
nf
(pour bébé) baby cereal; (péj) mush; en ~ crushed,mushy.

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bouillir
vi
boil; (fig) seethe; faire ~ boil.

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bouilloire
nf
kettle.

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bouillon
nm
(de cuisson) stock; (potage) broth.

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bouillonner
vi
bubble.

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bouillotte
nf
hot-water bottle.

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boulanger
-ère /bulãZe, -E r
nm, f baker.

boulangerie nf bakery.

boulangerie-pâtisserie nf bakery (selling cakes andpastries) .

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boule
nf
ball; ~s (jeu) boules; jouer aux ~s play boules; une ~ dans la gorge a lump in one's throat; ~ de neige snowball.

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bouleau
(pl ~x ) nm
(silver) birch.

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boulet
nm
(de forçat) balland chain; ~ (de canon) canonball; ~ de charbon coal nut.

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boulette
nf
(de pain, papier) ellet; (bévue) blunder; ~ deviande meat ball.

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boulevard
nm
boulevard.

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bouleversant
~e /bulvE r
sã, -t/ a deeply moving.

bouleversement nm upheaval.

bouleverser vt turn upside down; (pays, plans) disrupt; (émouvoir) upset.

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boulimie
nf
bulimia.

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boulon
nm
bolt.

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boulot
~te a
(rondfam) dumpy. nm (travail fam) work.

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boum
nm & interj
bang. nf (fêtefam) party.

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bouquet
nm
(de fleurs) bunch, bouquet; (d'arbres) clump; c'est le ~! fam that's the last straw!

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bouquin
nm
fam book.

bouquiner vt/i fam read.

bouquiniste nmf second-hand bookseller.

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bourbier
nm
mire; (fig) tangle.

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bourde
nf
blunder.

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bourdon
nm
bumble bee.

bourdonnement nm buzzing.

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bourg
nm
(market) town (centre) , village centre.

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bourgeois
~e a & nm,f
middle-class (person) (péj) bourgeois.

bourgeoisie nf middle class (es) .

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bourgeon
nm
bud.

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bourgogne
nm
Burgundy.

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bourlinguer
vi
fam travel about.

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bourrage
nm
~ de crâne brainwashing.

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bourratif
-ive a
stodgy.

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bourreau
(pl ~x ) nm
executioner; ~ de travail (fig) workaholic.

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bourrelet
nm
weather strip,draught excluder; (de chair) roll of fat.

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bourrer
vt
cram (de with ) (pipe) fill; ~ de (nourriture) stuff with; ~ de coups thrash; ~ le crâne à qn brainwash sb.

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bourrique
nf
donkey; fam pig-headed person.

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bourru
~e a
gruff.

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bourse
nf
purse; (subvention) grant; la B~ the Stock Exchange.

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boursier
-ière a
(valeurs) Stock Exchange. nm, f grant holder.

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boursoufler
vt
(visage) cause to swell; (peinture) blister.

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bousculade
nf
crush; (précipitation) rush.

bousculer vt (pousser) jostle; (presser) rush; (renverser) knock over.

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bousiller
vt
fam wreck.

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boussole
nf
compass.

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bout
nm
end; (de langue, bâton) piece; (morceau) bit; à ~ exhausted; à ~ de souffle out of breath; à ~ portant point-blank; au ~ de (après) after; venir à ~ de (finir) manage to finish; d'un ~ à l'autre throughout; au ~ du compte in the end; ~ filtre filtertip.

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bouteille
nf
bottle; ~ d'oxygène oxygen cylinder.

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boutique
nf
shop; (de mode) boutique.

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bouton
nm
button; (sur la peau) spot, pimple; (pousse) bud; (de porte, radio) knob; ~ de manchette cuff-link.

boutonner vt button (up) .

boutonnière nf buttonhole.

bouton-pression (pl boutons-pression ) nm press-stud; (US) snap.

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bouture
nf
cutting.

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bovin
~e a
bovine.

bovins nmpl cattle (pl ) .

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box
(pl ~ ouboxes ) nm
lock-up garage; (de dortoir) cubicle; (d'écurie) (loose) box; (Jur) dock.

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boxe
nf
boxing.

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boyau
(pl ~x ) nm
gut; (corde) catgut; (galerie) gallery; (de bicyclette) tyre; (US) tire.

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boycotter
vt
boycott.

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BP
abrév f
(boîte postale ) PO Box.

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bracelet
nm
bracelet; (de montre) watchstrap.

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braconnier
nm
poacher.

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brader
vt
sell off.

braderie nf clearance sale.

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braguette
nf
fly.

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braille
nm & a
Braille.

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brailler
vt/i
bawl.

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braise
nf
embers (+pl ) .

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braiser
vt
(Culin) braise.

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brancard
nm
stretcher; (de charrette) shaft.

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branche
nf
branch.

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branché
~e a
fam trendy.

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branchement
nm
connection.

brancher vt (prise) plug in; (à un réseau) connect.

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brandir
vt
brandish.

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branler
vi
be shaky.

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braquer
vt
(arme) aim; (regard) fix; (roue) turn; (banquefam) : hold up; ~ qn contre turn sb against. vi (Auto) turn (the wheel) .

se ~ vpr dig one's heels in.

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bras
nm
arm; (de rivière) branch; (Tech) arm; ~ dessus ~ dessous arm in arm; ~ droit (fig) right hand man; ~ de mer sound; en ~ de chemise in one's shirtsleeves. nmpl (fig) labour, hands.

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brasier
nm
blaze.

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brassard
nm
armband.

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brasse
nf
breast-stroke; ~ papillon butterfly (stroke) .

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brasser
vt
mix; (bière) brew; (affaires) handle a lot of.

brasserie nf brewery; (café) brasserie.

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brave
a
(bon) good; (valeureux) brave.

braver vt defy.

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bravo
interj
bravo. nm cheer.

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bravoure
nf
bravery.

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break
nm
estate car; (US) station-wagon.

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brebis
nf
ewe.

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brèche
nf
gap, breach; êtresur la ~ be on the go.

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bredouille
a
emptyhanded.

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bredouiller
vt/i
mumble.

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bref
brève a
short, brief. adv in short; en ~ in short.

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Brésil
nm
Brazil.

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Bretagne
nf
Brittany.

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bretelle
nf
(de sac, maillot) strap; (d'autoroute) access road; ~s (pour pantalon) braces; (US) suspenders.

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breton
~ne a & nm
(Ling) Breton.

B~, ~ne nm, f Breton.

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breuvage
nm
beverage.

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brève
BREF.

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brevet
nm
~ (d'invention) patent; (diplôme) diploma.

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breveté
~e a
patented.

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bribes
nfpl
scraps.

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bricolage
nm
do-it yourself (jobs) .

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bricole
nf
trifle.

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bricoler
vi
do DIY; (US) fix things, tinker with.

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bricoleur
-euse nm, f
handyman, handywoman.

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bride
nf
bridle.

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bridé
~e a
yeux ~s slanting eyes.

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brider
vt
(cheval) bridle; (fig) keep in check.

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brièvement
adv
briefly.

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brigade
nf
(de police) squad; (Mil) brigade; (fig) team.

brigadier nm (de gendarmerie) sergeant.

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brigand
nm
robber.

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brillant
~e a
(couleur) bright; (luisant) shiny; (remarquable) brilliant. nm (éclat) shine; (diamant) diamond.

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briller
vi
shine.

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brimade
nf
vexation.

brimer vt bully, harass; se sentir brimé feel put down.

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brin
nm
(de muguet) sprig; (d'herbe) blade; (de paille) wisp; un ~ de (un peu) a bit of.

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brindille
nf
twig.

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brioche
nf
brioche, sweet bun; (ventrefam) paunch.

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brique
nf
brick.

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briquet
nm
(cigarette-) lighter.

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brise
nf
breeze.

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briser
vt
break.

se ~ vpr break.

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britannique
a
British.

B~ nmf Briton; les B~s the British.

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brocante
nf
bric-à-brac trade; (marché) flea market.

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broche
nf
brooch; (Culin) spit; à la ~ spit-roasted.

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broché
~e a
paperback.

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brochet
nm
pike.

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brochette
nf
skewer.

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brochure
nf
brochure, booklet.

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broder
vt/i
embroider.

broderie nf embroidery.

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broncher
vi
sans ~ without turning a hair.

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bronchite
nf
bronchitis.

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bronze
nm
bronze.

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bronzé
~e a
(sun-) tanned.

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bronzer
vi
(personne) get a (sun-) tan.

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brosse
nf
brush; ~ à dents toothbrush; ~ à habits clothes brush; en ~ (coiffure) in a crew cut.

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brosser
vt
brush; (fig) paint.

se ~ vpr se ~ les dents/les cheveux brush one's teeth/hair.

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brouette
nf
wheelbarrow.

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brouhaha
nm
hubbub.

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brouillard
nm
fog.

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brouille
nf
quarrel.

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brouiller
vt
(vue) blur; (œufs) scramble; (amis) set at odds; ~ les pistes cloud the issue.

se ~ vpr (ciel) cloud over; (amis) fall out.

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brouillon
~ne a
untidy. nm (rough) draft.

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brousse
nf
la ~ the bush.

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brouter
vt/i
graze.

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broyer
vt
crush; (moudre) grind.

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bru
nf
daughter-in-law.

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bruine
nf
drizzle.

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bruissement
nm
rustling.

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bruit
nm
noise; ~ de couloir (fig) rumour.

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bruitage
nm
sound effects.

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brûlant
~e a
burning (hot) (sujet) red-hot; (passion) fiery.

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brûlé
nm
burning; ça sent le ~ I can smell something burning. BRÛLER .

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brûler
vt/i
burn; (essence) use (up) (cierge) light (à to) ~ un feu (rouge) jump the lights; ~ d'envie de faire be longing to do.

se ~ vpr burn oneself.

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brûlure
nf
burn; ~s d'estomac heartburn.

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brume
nf
mist.

brumeux, -euse a misty; (esprit) hazy.

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brun
~e a
brown, dark. nm brown. nm, f dark haired person.

brunir vi turn brown; (bronzer) get a tan.

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brushing
nm
blow-dry.

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brusque
a
(personne) abrupt; (geste) violent; (soudain) sudden.

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brusquer
vt
be abrupt with; (précipiter) rush.

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brut
~e a
(diamant) rough; (champagne) dry; (pétrole) crude; (Comm) gross.

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brutal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
brutal.

brutalité nf brutality.

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brute
nf
brute.

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Bruxelles
npr
Brussels.

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bruyant
~e a
noisy.

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bruyère
nf
heather.

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bu
BOIRE .

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bûche
nf
log; ~ de Noël Christmas log; ramasser une ~ fam fall.

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bûcher
vt/i
famslog away (at) fam. nm (supplice) stake.

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bûcheron
nm
lumberjack.

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budget
nm
budget.

budgétaire a budgetary.

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buée
nf
condensation.

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buffet
nm
sideboard; (table garnie) buffet.

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buffle
nm
buffalo.

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buisson
nm
bush.

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buissonnière
af
faire l'école ~ play truant.

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bulbe
nm
bulb.

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bulgare
a & nm
Bulgarian.

B~ nmf Bulgarian.

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Bulgarie
nf
Bulgaria.

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bulldozer
nm
bulldozer.

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bulle
nf
bubble.

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bulletin
nm
bulletin, report; (Scol) report; ~ d'information news bulletin; ~ météorologique weather report; ~ (de vote) ballot-paper; ~ de salaire pay-slip.

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buraliste
nmf
tobacconist.

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bureau
(pl ~x ) nm
office; (meuble) desk; (comité) board; ~ d'études design office; ~ de poste post office; ~ de tabac tobacconist's (shop) ~ de vote polling station.

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bureaucrate
nmf
bureaucrat.

bureaucratie nf bureaucracy.

bureaucratique a bureaucratic.

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bureautique
nf
office automation.

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burlesque
a
(histoire) ludicrous; (film) farcical.

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bus
nm
bus.

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buste
nm
bust.

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but
nm
target; (dessein) aim, goal; (football) goal; avoir pour ~ de aim to; de ~ en blanc point-blank; dans le ~ de with the intention of; aller droit au ~ go straight to the point.

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butane
nm
butane, Calor gas®.

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buté
~e a
obstinate.

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buter
vi
~ contre knock against; (problème) come up against. vt antagonize.

se ~ vpr (s'entêter) become obstinate.

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buteur
nm
(au football) striker.

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butin
nm
booty, loot.

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butte
nf
mound; en ~ à exposed to.

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buvard
nm
blotting-paper.

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buvette
nf
(refreshment) bar.

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buveur
-euse nm, f
drinker.

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C

c'
CE .

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ça

pronom démonstratif (sujet) it; that; ~ flotte it floats; ~ suffit! that's enough!; ~ y est! that's it!; ~ sent le brûlé there's asmell of burning; ~ va? how are things?
(objet) (proche) this; (plus éloigné) that; c'est ~ that's right.
(dans expressions) où ~? where?; quand ~? when?; et avec ~? anything else?

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çà
adv
~ et là here and there.

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cabane
nf
hut; (à outils) shed.

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cabaret
nm
cabaret.

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cabillaud
nm
cod.

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cabine
nf
(à la piscine) cubicle; (de bateau) cabin; (de camion) cab; (d'ascenseur) cage; ~ d'essayage fitting room; ~ de pilotage cockpit; ~ de plage beach hut; ~ (téé phonique) l phone booth, phone box.

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cabinet
nm
(de médecin) surgery; (US) office; (d'avocat) office; (clientèle) practice; (cabinet collectif) firm; (Pol) Cabinet; (pièce) room; ~s (toilettes) toilet; (US) bathroom; ~ de toilette bathroom.

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câble
nm
cable; (corde) rope; (TV) cable TV.

câbler vt cable; (TV) install cable television in.

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cabosser
vt
dent.

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cabotage
nm
coastal navigation.

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cabrerse
vpr
(cheval) rear; se ~ contre rebel against.

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cabriole
nf
faire des ~s caper about.

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cacahuète
nf
peanut.

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cacao
nm
cocoa.

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cachalot
nm
sperm whale.

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cache
nm
mask. nf hiding place; ~ d'armes arms cache.

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cache-cache
nm inv
hide-and-seek.

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cache-nez
nm inv
scarf.

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cacher
vt
hide, conceal (à from ) .

se ~ vpr hide; (se trouver caché) be hidden.

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cachet
nm
(de cire) seal; (à l'encre) stamp; (de la poste) postmark; (comprimé) tablet; (d'artiste) fee; (chic) style, cachet.

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cachette
nf
hiding-place; en ~ in secret.

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cachot
nm
dungeon.

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cachottier
-ière a
secretive.

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cacophonie
nf
cacophony.

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cactus
nm
cactus.

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cadavérique
a
(teint) deathly pale.

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cadavre
nm
corpse; (de victime) body.

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caddie
nm
(de supermarché®) trolley; (au golf) caddie.

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cadeau
(pl ~x ) nm
present, gift; faire un ~ à qn give sb a present.

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cadenas
nm
padlock.

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cadence
nf
rhythm, cadence; (de travail) rate; en ~ in time; (marcher) in step.

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cadet
~te a
youngest; (entre deux) younger. nm, f youngest (child) ; younger (child).

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cadran
nm
dial; ~ solaire sundial.

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cadre
nm
frame; (lieu) setting; (milieu) surroundings; (limites) scope; (contexte) framework; dans le ~ de (àl'occasion de) on the occasion of; (dans le contexte de) in the framework of. nm (personne) executive; les ~s the managerial staff.

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cadrer
vi
~ avec tally with. vt (photo) centre.

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cafard
nm
(insecte) cockroach; avoir le ~ fam be down in the dumps.

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café
nm
coffee; (bar) café ~ crème espresso with milk; ~ en grains coffee beans; ~ au lait white coffee.

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cafetière
nf
coffee-pot; ~ électrique coffee machine.

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cage
nf
cage; ~ d'ascenseur lift shaft; ~ d'escalier stairwell; ~ thoracique rib cage.

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cageot
nm
crate.

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cagibi
nm
storage room.

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cagneux
-euse a
avoirles genoux ~ be knock-kneed.

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cagnotte
nf
kitty.

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cagoule
nf
hood; (passe-montagne) balaclava.

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cahier
nm
notebook; (Scol) exercise book; ~ de textes homework notebook; ~ des charges (Tech) specifications (+pl ) .

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cahot
nm
bump, jolt.

cahoteux, -euse a bumpy.

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caïd
nm
fam big shot.

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caille
nf
quail.

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cailler
vi
curdle; ça caille fam it's freezing.

se ~ vpr (sang) clot; (lait) curdle.

caillot nm (blood) clot.

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caillou
(pl ~x ) nm
stone; (galet) pebble.

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caisse
nf
crate, case; (tiroir, machine) till; (guichet) cash desk; (au supermarché) check-out; (bureau) office; (Mus) drum; ~ enregistreuse cash register; ~ d'épargne savings bank; ~ de retraite pension fund.

caissier, -ière nm, f cashier.

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cajoler
vt
coax.

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calcaire
a
(sol) chalky; (eau) hard.

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calciné
~e a
charred.

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calcul
nm
calculation; (Scol) arithmetic; (différentiel) calculus; ~ biliaire gallstone.

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calculatrice
nf
calculator.

calculer vt calculate.

calculette nf (pocket) calculator.

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cale
nf
wedge; (pour roue) chock; (de navire) hold; ~ sèche dry dock.

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calé
~e a
fam clever.

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caleçon
nm
boxer shorts (+pl ) underpants (+pl ) (de femme) leggings.

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calembour
nm
pun.

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calendrier
nm
calendar; (fig) schedule, timetable.

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calepin
nm
notebook.

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caler
vt
wedge. vi stall; (abandonnerfam) give up.

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calfeutrer
vt
(fissure) stop up; (porte) draught proof.

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calibre
nm
calibre; (d'un œuf, fruit) grade.

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calice
nm
(Relig) chalice; (Bot) calyx.

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califourchon:
à ~ loc
astride.

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câlin
~e a
(regard, ton) affectionate; (personne) cuddly.

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calmant
nm
sedative.

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calme
a
calm. nm peace; calm; (maîtrise de soi) composure; du ~! calm down!

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calmer
vt
(personne) calm down; (situation) defuse; (douleur) ease; (soif) quench.

se ~ vpr (personne, situation) calm down; (agitation, tempête) die down; (douleur) ease.

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calomnie
nf
(orale) slander; (écrite) libel.

calomnier vt slander; libel.

calomnieux, -ieuse a slanderous; libellous.

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calorie
nf
calorie.

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calque
nm
tracing; (papier) ~ tracing paper; (fig) exact copy.

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calquer
vt
trace; (fig) copy; ~ qch sur model sth on.

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calvaire
nm
(croix) Calvary; (fig) suffering.

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calvitie
nf
baldness.

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camarade
nmf
friend; (Pol) comrade; ~ de jeu playmate.

camaraderie nf friendship.

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cambouis
nm
dirty oil.

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cambrer
vt
arch.

se ~ vpr arch one's back.

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cambriolage
nm
burglary.

cambrioler vt burgle.

cambrioleur, -euse nm, f burglar.

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camelot
nm
fam street vendor.

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camelote
nf
fam junk.

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caméra
nf
(cinéma, télévision) camera.

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caméscope®
nm
camcorder.

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camion
nm
lorry, truck.

camion-citerne (pl camions-citernes ) nm tanker.

camionnage nm haulage.

camionnette nf van.

camionneur nm lorry ou truck driver; (entrepreneur) haulage contractor.

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camisole
nf
~ (deforce) straitjacket.

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camoufler
vt
camouflage.

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camp
nm
camp; (Sport, Pol) side.

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campagnard
~e a
country. nm, f countryman, countrywoman.

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campagne
nf
country; countryside; (Mil, Pol) campaign.

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campement
nm
camp, encampment.

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camper
vi
camp. vt (esquisser) sketch.

se ~ vpr plant oneself.

campeur, -euse nm, f camper.

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camping
nm
camping; faire du ~ go camping; (terrain de) ~ campsite.

camping-car (pl ~s ) nm camper-van; (US) motorhome.

camping-gaz® nm inv (réchaud) camping stove.

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Canada
nm
Canada.

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canadien
~ne a
Canadian.

C~, ~ne nm, f Canadian.

canadienne nf (veste) fur-lined jacket; (tente) ridge tent.

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canaille
nf
rogue.

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canal
(pl -aux ) nm
(artificiel) canal; (bras de mer) channel; (Tech, TV) channel; (moyen) channel; par le ~ de through.

canalisation nf (tuyaux) mains (+pl ) .

canaliser vt (eau) canalize; (fig) channel.

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canapé
nm
sofa.

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canard
nm
duck; (journalfam) rag.

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canari
nm
canary.

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cancans
nmpl
fam gossip.

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cancer
nm
cancer; le C~ Cancer.

cancéreux, -euse a cancerous.

cancérigène a carcinogenic.

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cancre
nm
dunce.

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candeur
nf
ingenuousness.

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candidat
~e nm, f
(àun examen, Pol) candidate; (à un poste) applicant, candidate (à for ) .

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candidature
nf
application; (Pol) candidacy; poser sa ~ à un poste apply for a job.

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candide
a
ingenuous.

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cane
nf
(female) duck.

caneton nm duckling.

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canette
nf
(bouteille) bottle; (boîte) can.

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canevas
nm
canvas; (ouvrage) tapestry; (plan) framework, outline.

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caniche
nm
poodle.

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canicule
nf
scorching heat; (vague de chaleur) heatwave.

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canif
nm
penknife.

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canine
nf
canine (tooth) .

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caniveau
(pl ~x ) nm
gutter.

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cannabis
nm
cannabis.

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canne
nf
(walking) stick; ~ à pêche fishing rod; ~ à sucre sugar cane.

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cannelle
nf
cinnamon.

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cannibale
a & nmf
cannibal.

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canoë
nm
canoe; (Sport) canoeing.

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canon
nm
(big) gun; (ancien) cannon; (d'une arme) barrel; (principe, règle) canon.

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canot
nm
dinghy, (small) boat; ~ de sauvetage lifeboat; ~ pneumatique rubber dinghy.

canotier nm boater.

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cantatrice
nf
opera singer.

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cantine
nf
canteen.

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cantique
nm
hymn.

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cantonner
vt
(Mil) billet.

se ~ dans vpr confine oneself to.

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cantonnier
nm
road mender.

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canular
nm
hoax.

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caoutchouc
nm
rubber; (élastique) rubber band; ~ mousse foam rubber.

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cap
nm
cape, headland; (direction) course; (obstacle) hurdle; franchir le ~ de la cinquantaine pass the fifty mark; mettre le ~ sur steer a course for.

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capable
a
capable (de of ) ~ de faire able to do, capable of doing.

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capacité
nf
ability; (contenance, potentiel) capacity.

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cape
nf
cape; rire sous ~ laugh up one's sleeve.

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capillaire
a
(lotion, soins) hair; (vaisseau) ~ capillary.

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capitaine
nm
captain.

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capital
~e (mpl -aux ) a
key, crucial, fundamental; (peine, lettre) capital. nm (pl -aux ) (Comm) capital; (fig) stock; capitaux (Comm) capital.

capitale nf (ville, lettre) capital.

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capitalisme
nm
capitalism.

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capitonné
~e a
padded.

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capituler
vi
capitulate.

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caporal
(pl -aux ) nm
corporal.

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capot
nm
(Auto) bonnet; (US) hood.

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capote
nf
(Auto) hood; (US) top; (préservatiffam) condom.

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capoter
vi
overturn; (fig) collapse.

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câpre
nf
(Culin) caper.

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caprice
nm
whim; (colère) tantrum; faire un ~ throw a tantrum.

capricieux, -ieuse a capricious; (appareil) temperamental.

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Capricorne
nm
le ~ Capricorn.

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capsule
nf
capsule; (debouteille) cap.

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capter
vt
(eau) collect; (émission) get; (signal) pick up; (fig) win, capture.

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captif
-ive a & nm, f
captive.

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captiver
vt
captivate.

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capturer
vt
capture.

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capuche
nf
hood.

capuchon nm hood; (de stylo) cap.

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car
conj
because, for. nm coach; (US) bus.

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carabine
nf
rifle.

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caractère
nm
(lettre) character; (nature) nature; ~s d'imprimerie block letters; avoir bon/mauvais ~ be good-natured/bad-tempered; avoir du ~ have character.

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caractériel
~le a
(trait) character; (enfant) disturbed.

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caractériser
vt
characterize.

se ~ par vpr be characterized by.

caractéristique a & nf characteristic.

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carafe
nf
carafe.

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Caraïbes
nfpl

les ~ the Caribbean.

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carambolage
nm
pile-up.

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caramel
nm
caramel; (bonbon) toffee.

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carapace
nf
shell.

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caravane
nf
(Auto) caravan; (US) trailer; (convoi) caravan.

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carbone
nm
carbon; (papier) ~ carbon (paper) .

carboniser vt burn (to ashes) .

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carburant
nm
(motor) fuel.

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carburateur
nm
carburettor; (US) carburetor.

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carcan
nm
constraints (+pl ) .

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carcasse
nf
(squelette) carcass; (armature) frame; (de voiture) shell.

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cardiaque
a
heart. nmf heart patient.

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cardinal
~e (mpl -aux ) a & nm
cardinal.

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Carême
nm
le ~ Lent.

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carence
nf
shortcomings (+pl ) inadequacy; (Méd) deficiency; (absence) lack.

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caresse
nf
caress; (à un animal) stroke.

caresser vt caress, stroke; (espoir) cherish.

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cargaison
nf
cargo.

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cargo
nm
cargo boat.

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caricature
nf
caricature.

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carie
nf
(trou) cavity; la ~ (dentaire) tooth decay.

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carillon
nm
chimes (+pl ) (horloge) chiming clock.

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caritatif
-ive a
association caritative charity.

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carnage
nm
carnage.

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carnassier
-ière a
carnivorous.

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carnaval
(pl ~s ) nm
carnival.

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carnet
nm
notebook; (detickets, timbres) book; ~ d'adresses address book; ~ de chèques chequebook.

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carotte
nf
carrot.

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carpe
nf
carp.

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carré
~e a
(forme, mesure) quare; (fig) straightforward; un mètre ~ one square metre. nm square; (de terrain) patch.

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carreau
(pl ~x ) nm
(window) pane; (par terre, au mur) tile; (dessin) check; (aux cartes) diamonds (+pl ) à ~x (tissu) check (ed) (papier) squared.

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carrefour
nm
crossroads (+sg ) .

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carrelage
nm
tiling; (sol) tiles.

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carrément
adv
(complètement) completely; (stupide, dangereux) downright; (dire) straight out; elle a ~ démissionné she went straight ahead and resigned.

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carrière
nf
career; (terrain) quarry.

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carrossable
a
suitable for vehicles.

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carrosse
nm
(horse-drawn) coach.

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carrosserie
nf
(Auto) body (work) .

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carrure
nf
shoulders; (fig) necessary qualities, calibre.

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cartable
nm
satchel.

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carte
nf
card; (Géog) map; (Naut) chart; (au restaurant) menu; ~s (jeu) cards; à la ~ (manger) à la carte; (horaire) personalized; donner ~ blanche à give a free hand to; ~ de crédit credit card; ~ grise (car) registration document; ~ d'identité identity card; ~ magnétique swipe card; ~ de paiement ~ debit card; ~ postale postcard; ~ à puce smart card; ~ de séjour resident's permit; ~ des vins wine list; ~ de visite (business) card.

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cartilage
nm
cartilage.

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carton
nm
cardboard; (boîte) (cardboard) box; ~ à dessin portfolio; faire un ~ fam do well.

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cartonné
~e a
livre ~ hardback.

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cartouche
nf
cartridge; (de cigarettes) carton.

cartouchière nf cartridge-belt.

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cas
nm
case; au ~ où in case; ~ urgent emergency; en aucun ~ on no account; en ~ de in the event of, in case of; en tout ~ in any case; (du moins) at least; faire ~ de set great store by; ~ de conscience moral dilemma.

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casanier
-ière a
home-loving.

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cascade
nf
waterfall; (au cinéma) stunt; (fig) spate, series (+sg ) .

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cascadeur
-euse nm, f
stuntman, stuntwoman.

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case
nf
hut; (de damier) square; (compartiment) pigeon-hole; (sur un formulaire) box.

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caser
vt
fam (mettre) put; (loger) put up; (dans un travail) find a job for; (marier: péj) marry off.

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caserne
nf
barracks; ~ de sapeurs-pompiers fire station.

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casier
nm
pigeon-hole, compartment; (à bouteilles,chaussures) rack; ~ judiciaire criminal record.

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casque
nm
(de motard) rash helmet; (de cycliste) cycle helmet; (chez le coiffeur) (hair-) drier; ~ (àé couteurs) headphones; ~ anti-bruit ear defenders; ~ de protection safety helmet.

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casquette
nf
cap.

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cassant
~e a
brittle; (brusque) curt.

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cassation
nf
cour de ~ appeal court.

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casse
nf
(objets) breakages; (lieu) breaker's yard; mettre à la ~ scrap.

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casse-cou
nmf inv
daredevil.

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casse-croûte
nm inv
snack.

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casse-noix
nm inv
nutcrackers (+pl ) .

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casse-pieds
nmf inv
fampain (in the neck) fam.

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casser
vt
break; (annuler) annul; ~ les pieds à qn fam annoy sb. vi break.

se ~ vpr break; (partirfam) be off fam.

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casserole
nf
saucepan.

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casse-tête
nm inv
(problème) headache; (jeu) brain teaser.

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cassette
nf
casket; (de magnétophone) cassette, tape; (de vidéo) video tape; ~ audio numérique ~ digital audio tape.

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cassis
nm inv
blackcurrant.

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cassure
nf
break.

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castor
nm
beaver.

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castration
nf
castration.

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catalogue
nm
catalogue.

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catalyseur
nm
catalyst; (Auto) catalytic convertor.

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catastrophe
nf
disaster, catastrophe.

catastrophique a catastrophic.

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catch
nm
(all-in) wrestling.

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catéchisme
nm
catechism.

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catégorie
nf
category.

catégorique a categorical.

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cathédrale
nf
cathedral.

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catholique
a
Catholic; pas très ~ a bit fishy.

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catimini:
en ~ loc
on the sly.

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cauchemar
nm
nightmare.

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cause
nf
cause; (raison) reason; (Jur) case; à ~ de because of; en ~ (en jeu, concerné) involved; pour ~ de on account of; mettre en ~ implicate; remettre en ~ call into question.

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causer
vt
cause; (discuter defam) ~ travail talk shop; ~ de talk about. vi chat.

causerie nf talk.

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causette
nf
faire la ~ have a chat.

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caution
nf
surety; (Jur) bail; (appui) backing; (garantie) deposit; libéré sous ~ released on bail.

cautionner vt guarantee; (soutenir) back.

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cavalcade
nf
stampede, rush.

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cavalier
-ière a
offhand; allée cavalière bridle path. nm, f rider; (pour danser) partner. nm (aux échecs) knight.

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cave
nf
cellar. a sunken.

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caveau
(pl ~x ) nm
vault.

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caverne
nf
cave.

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CCP
abrév m
(compte chèque postal ) post office account.

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CD
abrév m
(compact disc ) CD.

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CD-ROM
abrév m inv
(compact disc read only memory ) CD-ROM.

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ce, c', cet, cette
(pl ces ) c' before cet before vowel or mute h.

ce, cet, cette (pl ces ) adjectif démonstratif
this; (plus éloigné) that; ces these; (plus éloigné) those; cette nuit (passée) last night; (à venir) tonight.

ce, c' pronom démonstratif
c'est it's ou it is; c'est un policier he's a policeman; ~ sont eux qui l'ont fait THEY did it; qui est- ~? who is it?
ce que/qui what; ~ que je ne comprends pas what I don't understand; elle est venue, ~ qui est étonnant she came, which is surprising; ~ que tu as de la chance! how lucky you are! tout ~ qu'elle trouve/peut everything she finds/can

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CE
abrév f
(Communauté européenne ) EC.

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ceci
pron
this.

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cécité
nf
blindness.

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céder
vt
give up; ~ le passage give way; (vendre) sell. vi (se rompre) give way; (se soumettre) give in.

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cédérom
nm
CD-ROM.

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cédille
nf
cedilla.

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cèdre
nm
cedar.

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CEI
abrév f
(Communauté des États indépendants ) CIS.

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ceinture
nf
belt; (taille) waist; ~ de sauvetage lifebelt; ~ de sécurité seatbelt.

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cela
pron
it, that; (pour désigner) that; ~ va de soi it is obvious; ~ dit/fait having said/done that.

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célèbre
a
famous.

célébrer vt celebrate.

célébrité nf fame; (personne) celebrity.

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céleri
nm
(en branches) celery.

céleri-rave (pl célerisraves ) nm celeriac.

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célibat
nm
celibacy; (état) single status.

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célibataire
a
single. nm bachelor. nf single woman.

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celle
celles CELUI.

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cellier
nm
wine cellar.

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cellulaire
a
cell; emprisonnement ~ solitary confinement; fourgon ou voiture ~ prison van; téléphone ~ cellular phone.

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cellule
nf
cell.

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celui
celle (pl ceux, celles ) pron
the one; ~ de mon ami my friend's; ~-ci this (one) ~-là that (one) ceux-ci these (ones) ceux-là those (ones) .

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cendre
nf
ash.

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cendrier
nm
ashtray.

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censé
~e a
être ~ faire be supposed to do.

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censeur
nm
censor; (Scol) administrator in charge of discipline.

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censure
nf
censorship.

censurer vt censor; (critiquer) censure.

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cent
a & nm
(a) hundred; ~ un a hundred and one; 20 pour ~ 20 per cent.

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centaine
nf
hundred; une ~ (de) (about) a hundred.

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centenaire
nm
(anniversaire) centenary.

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centième
a & nmf
hundredth.

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centimètre
nm
centimetre; (ruban) tape-measure.

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central
~e (mpl -aux ) a
central. nm (pl -aux ) ~ (téé phonique) l (telephone) exchange.

centrale nf power-station.

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centre
nm
centre; ~ commercial shopping centre; (US) mall; ~ de formation training centre; ~ hospitalier hospital.

centrer vt centre.

centreville (pl centres-villes ) nm town centre.

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centuple
nm
le ~ de a hundred times; au ~ a hundredfold.

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cep
nm
vine stock.

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cépage
nm
grape variety.

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cèpe
nm
cep.

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cependant
adv
however.

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céramique
nf
ceramic; (art) ceramics (+sg ) .

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cercle
nm
circle; (cerceau) hoop; (association) society, club; ~ vicieux vicious circle.

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cercueil
nm
coffin.

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céréale
nf
cereal; ~s (Culin) (breakfast) cereal.

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cérébral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
cerebral; (travail) intellectual.

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cérémonie
nf
ceremony; sans ~s (repas) informal; (recevoir) informally.

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cerf
nm
stag.

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cerfeuil
nm
chervil.

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cerf-volant
(pl cerfs-volants ) nm
kite.

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cerise
nf
cherry.

cerisier nm cherry tree.

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cerne
nm
ring.

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cerner
vt
surround; (question) define; avoir les yeux cernés have rings under one's eyes.

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certain
~e a
certain; (sûr) certain, sure (de of; que that ) d'un ~ âge no longer young; un ~ temps some time.

certainement adv (probablement) most probably; (avec certitude) certainly.

certains, -es pron some people.

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certes
adv
(sans doute) admittedly; (bien sûr) of course.

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certificat
nm
certificate.

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certifier
vt
certify; ~ qch à qn assure sb of sth; copie certifiée conforme certified true copy.

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certitude
nf
certainty.

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cerveau
(pl ~x ) nm
brain.

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cervelle
nf
(Anat) brain; (Culin) brains.

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ces
CE.

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césarienne
nf
Caesarean (section) .

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cesse
nf
n'avoir de ~ que have no rest until; sans ~ constantly, incessantly.

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cesser
vt
stop; ~ de faire stop doing. vi cease; faire ~ put an end to.

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cessez-le-feu
nm inv
ceasefire.

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cession
nf
transfer.

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c'est-à-dire
conj
that is (to say) .

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cet
cette CE.

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ceux
CELUI.

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chacun
~e pron
each (one) , every one; (tout le monde) everyone; ~ d'entre nous each (one) of us.

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chagrin
nm
sorrow; avoir du ~ be sad.

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chahut
nm
row, din.

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chahuter
vi
make a row. vt (enseignant) be rowdy with; (orateur) heckle.

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chaîne
nf
chain; (de télévision) channel; ~ (d'assemblage) assembly line; ~s (Auto) snow chains; ~ de montagnes mountain range; ~ de montage/fabrication assembly/production line; ~ hi-fi hi-fi system; ~ laser CD player; en ~ (accidents) multiple; (réaction) chain.

chaînette nf (small) chain.

chaînon nm link.

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chair
nf
flesh; bien en ~ plump; en ~ et en os in the flesh; ~ à saucisses sausage meat; la ~ de poule goose pimples. a inv (couleur) ~ flesh-coloured.

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chaire
nf
(d'église) pulpit; (Univ) chair.

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chaise
nf
chair; ~ longue deckchair.

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châle
nm
shawl.

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chaleur
nf
heat; (moins intense) warmth; (d'un accueil, d'une couleur) warmth.

chaleureux, -euse a warm.

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chalumeau
(pl ~x ) nm
blowtorch.

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chalutier
nm
trawler.

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chamaillerse
vpr
squabble.

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chambre
nf
(bed) room; (Pol, Jur) chamber; faire ~ à part sleep in separate rooms; ~ à air inner tube; ~ d'amis spare ou guest room; ~ de commerce (et d'industrie) Chamber of Commerce; ~ à coucher bedroom; ~ à un lit/deux lits single/twinroom; ~ pour deux personnes ~ double room; ~ forte strong-room; ~ d'hôte bed and breakfast, B and B.

chambrer vt (vin) bring to room temperature.

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chameau
(pl ~x ) nm
camel.

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chamois
nm
chamois.

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champ
nm
field; ~ de bataille battlefield; ~ de courses racecourse; ~ de tir firing range.

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champêtre
a
rural.

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champignon
nm
mushroom; (moisissure) fungus; ~ de Paris button mushroom.

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champion
~ne nm, f
champion.

championnat nm championship.

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chance
nf
(good) luck; (possibilité) chance; avoir de la ~ be lucky; quelle ~! what luck!

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chanceler
vi
stagger; (fig) falter, waver.

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chancelier
nm
chancellor.

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chanceux
-euse a
lucky.

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chandail
nm
sweater.

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chandelier
nm
candlestick.

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chandelle
nf
candle; dîneraux ~s candlelight dinner.

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change
nm
(foreign) exchange; (taux) exchange rate.

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changement
nm
change; ~ de vitesse (dispositif) ears.

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changer
vt
change; ~ qch de place move sth; (échanger) change (pour, contre for ) ~ de nom/voiture change one's name/car; ~ de place/train change places/trains; ~ de direction change direction; ~ d'avis oud'idée change one's mind; ~ de vitesse change gear.

se ~ vpr change, get changed.

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chanson
nf
song.

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chant
nm
singing; (chanson) song; (Relig) hymn.

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chantage
nm
blackmail.

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chanter
vt
sing; si cela vous chante fam if you feel like it. vi sing; faire ~ (délit) blackmail.

chanteur, -euse nm, f singer.

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chantier
nm
building site; ~ naval shipyard; mettre en ~ get under way, start.

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chaos
nm
chaos.

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chaparder
vt
fam pinch fam, filch.

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chapeau
(pl ~x ) nm
hat; ~! well done!

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chapelet
nm
rosary; (fig) string.

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chapelle
nf
chapel.

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chapelure
nf
(Culin) breadcrumbs.

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chaperonner
vt
chaperone.

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chapiteau
(pl ~x ) nm
marquee; (de cirque) big top; (decolonne) capital.

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chapitre
nm
chapter; (fig) subject.

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chaque
a
every, each.

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char
nm
(Mil) tank; (de carnaval) float; (charrette) cart; (dans l'antiquité) chariot.

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charabia
nm
fam gibberish.

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charade
nf
riddle.

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charbon
nm
coal; ~ de bois charcoal.

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charcuterie
nf
pork butcher's shop; (aliments) (cooked) pork meats.

charcutier, -ière nm, f pork butcher.

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chardon
nm
thistle.

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charge
nf
load, burden; (Mil, Électr, Jur) charge; (responsabilité) responsibility; avoir qn à ~ be responsible for; ~s expenses; (de locataire) service charges; être à la ~ de (personne) be the responsibility of; (frais) be payable by; ~s sociales social security contributions; prendre en ~ take charge of.

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chargé
~e a
(véhicule) loaded; (journée, emploi du temps) busy; (langue) coated. nm, f ~ de mission head of mission; ~ d'affaires chargé d'affaires, ~ de cours lecturer.

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chargement
nm
loading; (objets) load.

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charger
vt
load; (Ordinat, Photo) load; (attaquer) charge; (batterie) charge; ~ qn de (fardeau) weigh sb down with; (tâche) entrust sb with; ~ qn de faire make sb responsible for doing. vi (attaquer) charge.

se ~ de vpr take charge ou care of.

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chariot
nm
(à roulettes) rolley; (US) cart; (charrette) cart.

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charitable
a
charitable.

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charité
nf
charity; faire la ~ à give (money) to.

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charlatan
nm
charlatan.

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charmant
~e a
charming.

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charme
nm
charm; (qui envoûte) spell.

charmer vt charm.

charmeur, -euse nm, f charmer.

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charnel
~le a
carnal.

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charnière
nf
hinge; à la ~ de at the meeting point between.

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charnu
~e a
plump, fleshy.

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charpente
nf
framework; (carrure) build.

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charpentier
nm
carpenter.

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charpie
nf
en ~ in shreds.

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charrette
nf
cart.

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charrue
nf
plough.

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chasse
nf
hunting; (au fusil) shooting; (poursuite) chase; (recherche) hunt (ing) ~ (d'eau) (toilet) flush; ~ sous-marine harpoon fishing.

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chasse-neige
nm inv
snowplough.

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chasser
vt
hunt; (au fusil) shoot; (faire partir) chase away; (odeur, employé) get rid of. vi go hunting; (au fusil) go shooting.

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chasseur
-euse nm, f
hunter. nm bellboy; (US) bellhop; (avion) fighter plane.

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châssis
nm
frame; (Auto) chassis.

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chasteté
nf
chastity.

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chat
nm
cat; (mâle) tomcat.

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châtaigne
nf
chestnut.

châtaignier nm chestnut tree.

châtain a inv chestnut (brown) .

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château
(pl ~x ) nm
castle; (manoir) manor; ~ d'eau water tower; ~ fort fortified castle.

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châtiment
nm
punishment.

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chaton
nm
(chat) kitten.

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chatouillement
nm
tickling.

chatouiller vt tickle.

chatouilleux, -euse a ticklish; (susceptible) touchy.

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châtrer
vt
castrate; (chat) neuter.

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chatte
nf
female cat.

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chaud
~e a
warm; (brûlant) hot; (vif: fig) warm. nm heat; au ~ in the warm (th) avoir ~ be warm; be hot; il fait ~ it is warm; it is hot; pour te tenir ~ to keep you warm.

chaudement adv warmly; (disputé) hotly.

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chaudière
nf
boiler.

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chaudron
nm
cauldron.

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chauffage
nm
heating; ~ central central heating.

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chauffard
nm
(péj) reckless driver.

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chauffer
vt/i
heat (up) (moteur, appareil) overheat.

se ~ vpr warm oneself (up) .

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chauffeur
nm
driver; (aux gages de qn) chauffeur.

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chaume
nm
(de toit) thatch.

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chaussée
nf
road (way) .

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chausse-pied
(pl ~s ) Sospje/ nm
shoehorn.

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chausser
vt
(chaussures) put on; (enfant) put shoes on (to) . vi ~ bien (aller) fit well; ~ du 35 take a size 35 shoe.

se ~ vpr put one's shoes on.

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chaussette
nf
sock.

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chausson
nm
slipper; (de bébé) bootee; ~ de danse ballet shoe; ~ aux pommes apple turnover.

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chaussure
nf
shoe; ~ de ski ski boot; ~ de marche hiking boot.

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chauve
a
bald.

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chauve-souris
(pl chauves-souris ) nf
bat.

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chauvin
~e a
chauvinistic. nm, f chauvinist.

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chavirer
vt
(bateau) apsize; (objets) tip over.

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chef
nm
leader, head; (supérieur) boss, superior; (Culin) chef; (de tribu) chief; architecte en ~ chief ou head architect; ~ d'accusation (Jur) charge; ~ d'équipe foreman; (Sport) captain; ~ d'État head of State; ~ de famille head of the family; ~ de file (Pol) leader; ~ de gare stationmaster; ~ d'orchestre conductor; ~ de service department head; ~ de train guard; (US) conductor.

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chef-d'œuvre
(pl chefs-d'œuvre ) nm
masterpiece.

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chef-lieu
(pl chefs-lieux ) nm
county town, administrative centre.

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chemin
nm
road; (étroit) lane; (de terre) track; (pour piétons) path; (passage) way; (direction, trajet) way; avoir du ~ à faire have along way to go; ~ de fer railway; par ~ de fer by rail; ~ de halage towpath; ~ vicinal country lane.

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cheminée
nf
chimney; (intérieure) fireplace; (encadrement) mantelpiece; (de bateau) funnel.

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cheminot
nm
railwayman; (US) railroad man.

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chemise
nf
shirt; (dossier) folder; (de livre) jacket; ~ de nuit nightdress.

chemisette nf short-sleeved shirt.

chemisier nm blouse.

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chêne
nm
oak.

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chenil
nm
(pension) kennels (+sg ) .

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chenille
nf
caterpillar; véhicule à ~s tracked vehicle.

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cheptel
nm
livestock.

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chèque
nm
cheque; ~ sans provision bad cheque; ~ de voyage traveller's cheque.

chéquier nm chequebook.

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cher
chère a
(coûteux) dear, expensive; (aimé) dear; (dans la correspondance) dear. adv (coûter, payer) a lot (of money) (en importance) dearly. nm, f mon ~, ma chère my dear.

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chercher
vt
look for; (aide, paix, gloire) seek; aller ~ go and get ou fetch, go for; ~ à faire attempt to do; ~ la petite bête be finicky.

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chercheur
-euse nm, f
research worker.

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chèrement
adv
dearly.

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chéri
~e a
beloved. nm, f darling.

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chérir
vt
cherish.

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chétif
-ive a
puny.

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cheval
(pl -aux ) nm
horse; à ~ on horseback; à ~ sur astride, straddling; faire du ~ ride, go horse-riding.

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chevalerie
nf
chivalry.

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chevalet
nm
easel; (demenuisier) trestle.

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chevalier
nm
knight.

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chevalière
nf
signetring.

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cheval-vapeur
(pl chevaux-vapeur ) nm
horsepower.

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chevaucher
vt
sit astride.

se ~ vpr overlap.

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chevelu
~e a
(péj) longhaired; (Bot) hairy.

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chevelure
nf
hair.

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chevet
nm
au ~ de at the bedside of; livre de ~ bedside book.

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cheveu
(pl ~x ) nm
(poil) air; ~x (chevelure) hair; avoir les ~x longs have long hair.

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cheville
nf
ankle; (fiche) peg, pin; (pour mur) (wall) plug.

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chèvre
nf
goat.

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chevreuil
nm
roe (deer) (Culin) venison.

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chevron
nm
(poutre) after; à ~s herringbone.

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chez
prép
(au domicile de) at the house of; (parmi) among; (dans le caractère ou l'œuvre de) in; aller ~ qn go to sb's house; ~ le boucher at ou to the butcher's; ~ soi at home; rentrer ~ soi go home.

chez-soi nm inv home.

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chic
a inv
smart; (gentil) kind. nm style; avoir le ~ pour have a knack for; ~ (alors) ! great!

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chicane
nf
double bend; chercher ~ à qn pick a quarrel with sb.

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chiche
a
mean (de with ) ~ que je le fais! fam I bet you I can do it.

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chichis
nmpl
fam fuss.

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chicorée
nf
(frisée) endive; (à café) chicory.

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chien
nm
dog; ~ d'aveugle guide dog; ~ de garde watch-dog.

chienne nf dog, bitch.

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chiffon
nm
rag; (pour nettoyer) duster; ~ humide damp cloth.

chiffonner vt crumple; (préoccuperfam) bother.

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chiffre
nm
figure; (numéro) number; (code) code; ~s arabes/romains Arabic/Roman numerals; ~s (statistiques) statistics; ~ d'affaires turnover.

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chiffrer
vt
put a figure on, assess; (texte) encode.

se ~ à vpr come to.

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chignon
nm
bun, chignon.

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Chili
nm
Chile.

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chimère
nf
fantasy.

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chimie
nf
chemistry.

chimique a chemical.

chimiste nmf chemist.

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chimpanzé
nm
chimpanzee.

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Chine
nf
China.

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chinois
~e a
Chinese. nm (Ling) Chinese.

C~, ~e nm, f Chinese.

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chiot
nm
pup (py) .

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chipoter
vi
(manger) pick at one's food; (discuter) quibble.

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chips
nf inv
crisp; (US) chip.

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chirurgie
nf
surgery; ~ esthétique plastic surgery.

chirurgien nm surgeon.

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chlore
nm
chlorine.

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choc
nm
(heurt) impact, shock; (émotion) shock; (collision) crash; (affrontement) clash; (Méd) shock; sous le ~ in shock.

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chocolat
nm
chocolate; (à boire) drinking chocolate; ~ au lait milk chocolate; ~ chaud hot chocolate; ~ noir plain ou dark chocolate.

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chœur
nm
(antique) chorus; (chanteurs, nef) choir; en ~ in chorus.

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choisir
vt
choose, select.

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choix
nm
choice, selection; fromage ou dessert au ~ a choice of cheese or dessert; de ~ choice; de premier ~ top quality.

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chômage
nm
unemployment; au ~, en ~ unemployed; mettre en ~ technique lay off.

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chômeur
-euse nm, f
unemployed person; les ~s the unemployed.

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choquer
vt
shock; (commotionner) shake.

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choral
~e (mpl ~s ) a
choral.

chorale nf choir, choral society.

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chorégraphie
nf
choreography.

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choriste
nmf
(à l'église) horister; (à l'opéra) member of the chorus ou choir.

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chose
nf
thing; (trè s) peu de ~ nothing much; pas grand ~ not much.

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chou
(pl ~x ) nm
cabbage; ~ (àè me) la cr cream puff; ~ de Bruxelles Brussels sprout; mon petit ~ fam my dear.

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chouchou
~te nm, f
(de professeur) pet; (du public) darling.

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choucroute
nf
sauerkraut.

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chouette
nf
owl. a fam super.

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chou-fleur
(pl choux-fleurs ) nm
cauliflower.

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choyer
vt
pamper.

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chrétien
~ne a & nm, f
Christian.

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Christ
nm
le ~ Christ.

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chrome
nm
chromium, chrome.

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chromosome
nm
chromosome.

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chronique
a
chronic. nf (rubrique) column; (nouvelles) news; (annales) chronicle.

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chronologique
a
chronological.

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chronomètre
nm
stopwatch.

chronométrer vt time.

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chrysanthème
nm
chrysanthemum.

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chuchoter
vt/i
whisper.

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chut
interj
shh, hush.

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chute
nf
fall; (déchet) offcut; ~ (d'eau) waterfall; ~ de pluie rainfall; ~ des cheveux hair loss; ~ des ventes ~ drop in sales; ~ de5% 5% drop.

chuter vi fall.

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Chypre
nf
Cyprus.

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ci
adv
here; ~-gît here lies; cet homme-~ this man; ces maisons-~ these houses.

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ci-après
adv
below.

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cible
nf
target.

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ciboulette
nf
(Culin) hives (+pl ) .

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cicatrice
nf
scar.

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cicatriser
vt
heal.

se ~ vpr heal.

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ci-dessous
adv
below.

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ci-dessus
adv
above.

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cidre
nm
cider.

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ciel
(pl cieux, ciels ) nm
sky; (Relig) heaven; cieux (Relig) heaven.

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cierge
nm
(church) andle.

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cigale
nf
cicada.

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cigare
nm
cigar.

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cigarette
nf
cigarette.

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cigogne
nf
stork.

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ci-joint
adv
enclosed.

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cil
nm
eyelash.

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cime
nf
peak, tip.

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ciment
nm
cement.

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cimetière
nm
cemetery, graveyard; ~ de voitures breaker's yard.

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cinéaste
nmf
film-maker.

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cinéma
nm
cinema; (US) movie theater.

cinémathèque nf film archive; (salle) film theatre.

cinématographique a cinema.

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cinéphile
nmf
film lover.

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cinglant
~e a
(vent) biting; (remarque) scathing.

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cinglé
~e a
fam crazy.

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cinq
a & nm
five.

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cinquante
a & nm
fifty.

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cinquième
a & nmf
fifth.

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cintre
nm
coat-hanger; (Archit) curve.

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cirage
nm
polish.

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circoncision
nf
circumcision.

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circonflexe
a
circumflex.

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circonscription
nf
district; ~ électorale constituency; (US) district; (deconseiller, maire) ward.

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circonscrire
vt
(incendie, épidémie) contain; (sujet) define.

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circonspect
~e a
circumspect.

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circonstance
nf
circumstance; (situation) situation; (occasion) occasion; ~s atténuantes mitigating circumstances.

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circuit
nm
circuit; (trajet) tour, trip.

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circulaire
a & nf
circular.

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circulation
nf
circulation; (de véhicules) traffic.

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circuler
vi
(serépandre, être distribué) circulate; (aller d'un lieu à un autre) get around; (en voiture) travel; (piéton) walk; (être en service) (bus, train) run; faire ~ (badauds) move on; (rumeur) spread.

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cire
nf
wax.

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ciré
nm
oilskin.

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cirer
vt
polish.

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cirque
nm
circus; (arène) amphitheatre; (désordre: fig) chaos; faire le ~ fam make a racket fam.

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ciseau
(pl ~x ) nm
chisel; ~x scissors.

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ciseler
vt
chisel.

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citadelle
nf
citadel.

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citadin
~e nm, f
city-dweller. a city.

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citation
nf
quotation; (Jur) summons.

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cité
nf
city; (logements) housing estate; ~ universitaire (university) halls of residence.

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citer
vt
quote, cite; (Jur) summon.

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citerne
nf
tank.

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citoyen
~ne nm, f
citizen.

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citron
nm
lemon; ~ vert lime.

citronnade nf lemon squash, (still) lemonade.

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citrouille
nf
pumpkin.

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civet
nm
stew; ~ de lièvre jugged hare.

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civière
nf
stretcher.

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civil
~e a
civil; (nonmilitaire) civilian; (poli) civil. nm civilian; dans le ~ in civilian life; en ~ in plain clothes.

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civilisation
nf
civilization.

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civiliser
vt
civilize.

se ~ vpr become civilized.

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civique
a
civic.

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clair
~e a
clear; (éclairé) light, bright; (couleur) light; le plus ~ de most of. adv clearly; il faisait ~ it was already light. nm ~ de lune moonlight; tirer une histoire au ~ get to the bottom of things.

clairement adv clearly.

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clairière
nf
clearing.

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clairsemé
~e a
sparse.

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clamer
vt
proclaim.

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clameur
nf
clamour.

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clan
nm
clan.

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clandestin
~e a
secret; (journal) underground; (immigration, travail) illegal; passager ~ stowaway.

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clapier
nm
(rabbit) utch.

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clapoter
vi
lap.

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claquage
nm
strained muscle; se faire un ~ pull amuscle.

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claque
nf
slap; en avoir sa ~ (de) fambe fed up (with) fam.

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claquer
vi
bang; (porte) slam, bang; (fouet) crack; (se casserfam) conk out; (mourirfam) snuff it fam ~ des doigts snap one's fingers; ~ des mains clap one's hands; il claque des dents his teeth are chattering. vt (porte) slam, bang; (dépenserfam) blow; (fatiguerfam) tire out.

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claquettes
nfpl
tapdancing.

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clarifier
vt
clarify.

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clarinette
nf
clarinet.

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clarté
nf
light, brightness; (netteté) clarity.

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classe
nf
class; (salle: Scol) classroom; (cours) class, lesson; aller en ~ go to school; faire la ~ teach; ~ ouvrière/moyenne working/middle class.

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classement
nm
classification; (d'élèves) grading; (de documents) filing; (rang) place, grade; (de coureur) placing.

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classer
vt
classify; (par mérite) grade; (papiers) file; (Jur) (affaire) close.

se ~ vpr rank.

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classeur
nm
(meuble) filing cabinet; (chemise) file; (à anneaux) ring binder.

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classification
nf
classification.

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classique
a
classical; (de qualité) classic; (habituel) classic, standard. nm classic; (auteur) classical author.

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clavecin
nm
harpsichord.

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clavicule
nf
collarbone.

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clavier
nm
keyboard; ~ numérique keypad.

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clé
clef nf
key; (outil) spanner; (Mus) clef; ~ anglaise (monkey-) wrench; ~ de contact ignition key; ~ à molette adjustable spanner; ~ de voûte keystone; prix ~s en main (de voiture) on-the-road price. a inv key.

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clémence
nf
(de climat) mildness; (indulgence) leniency.

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clergé
nm
clergy.

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clérical
~e (mpl -aux ) a
clerical.

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cliché
nm
cliché (Photo) negative.

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client
~e nm, f
customer; (d'un avocat) client; (d'un médecin) patient; (d'hôtel) guest; (de taxi) passenger.

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clientèle
nf
customers, clientele; (d'un avocat) clients, practice; (d'un médecin) patients, practice; (soutien) custom.

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cligner
vi
~ des yeux blink; ~ de l'œil wink.

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clignotant
nm
(Auto) ndicator, turn.

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clignoter
vi
blink; (lumière) flicker; (comme signal) flash.

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climat
nm
climate.

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climatisation
nf
air-conditioning.

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clin d'œil
nm
wink; en un ~ in a flash.

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clinique
a
clinical. nf (private) clinic.

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clinquant
~e a
showy.

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clip
nm
video.

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cliquer
vi
(Ordinat) click (sur on ) .

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cliqueter
vi
(couverts) clink; (clés, monnaie) jingle; (ferraille) rattle.

cliquetis nm clink (ing) , jingle, rattle.

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clivage
nm
divide.

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clochard
~e nm, f
tramp.

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cloche
nf
bell; (imbécilefam) idiot; ~ à fromage cheese-cover.

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cloche-pied:
à ~ loc
sauter à ~ hop on one leg.

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clocher
nm
bell-tower; (pointu) steeple; de ~ parochial.

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cloison
nf
partition; (fig) barrier.

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cloître
nm
cloister.

cloîtrer (se) vpr shut oneself away.

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cloque
nf
blister.

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clos
~e a
closed.

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clôture
nf
fence; (fermeture) closure; (de magasin, bureau) closing; (de débat, liste) close; (en Bourse) close of trading.

clôturer vt enclose, fence in; (festival, séance) close.

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clou
nm
nail; (furoncle) boil; (de spectacle) star attraction; les ~s (passage) pedestrian crossing; (US) crosswalk.

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clouer
vt
nail down; (fig) pin down; être cloué au lit be confined to one's bed; ~ le bec à qn shut sb up.

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clouté
~e a
studded; passage ~ pedestrian crossing; (US) crosswalk.

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coaliserse
vpr
join forces.

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coalition
nf
coalition.

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cobaye
nm
guinea-pig.

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cocaïne
nf
cocaine.

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cocasse
a
comical.

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coccinelle
nf
ladybird; (US) ladybug.

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cocher
vt
tick (off) , check. nm coachman.

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cochon
~ne nm, f
(personnefam) pig. a fam filthy. nm pig.

cochonnerie nf (saletéfam) filth; (marchandisefam) rubbish, junk.

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cocon
nm
cocoon.

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cocorico
nm
cock-a-doodle-doo.

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cocotier
nm
coconut palm.

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cocotte
nf
(marmite) casserole; ~ minute® pressure-cooker; ma ~ fam my dear.

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cocu
~e nm, f
fam deceived husband, deceived wife.

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code
nm
code; ~s dipped headlights; se mettre en ~s dip one's headlights; ~ (à) barres bar code; ~ confidentiel (d'identification) PIN number; ~ postal post code; (US) zip code; ~ de la route Highway Code.

coder vt code, encode.

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coéquipier
-ière nm, f
team mate.

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cœur
nm
heart; (aux cartes) hearts (+pl ) ~ d'artichaut artichoke heart; ~ de palmier palm heart; à ~ ouvert (opération) open-heart; (parler) freely; avoir bon ~ be kind-hearted; de bon ~ willingly; (rire) heartily; par ~ by heart; avoir mal au ~ feel sick ou nauseous; je veux en avoir le ~ net I want to be clear in my own mind (about it) .

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coffre
nm
chest; (pour argent) safe; (Auto) boot; (US) trunk.

coffre-fort (pl coffres-forts ) nm safe.

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coffret
nm
casket, box; (de livres, cassettes) boxed set.

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cogner
vt/i
knock.

se ~ vpr knock oneself; se ~ la tête bump one's head.

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cohabitater
vi
live together.

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cohérent
~e a
coherent; (homogène) consistent.

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cohue
nf
crowd.

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coi
~te a
silent.

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coiffe
nf
headgear.

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coiffer
vt
do the hair of; (chapeau) put on; (surmonter) cap; ~ qn d'un chapeau put a hat on sb; coiffé de wearing; être bien/mal coiffé have tidy/untidy hair.

se ~ vpr do one's hair.

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coiffeur
-euse nm, f
hairdresser.

coiffeuse nf dressing-table.

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coiffure
nf
hairstyle; (métier) hairdressing; (chapeau) hat.

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coin
nm
corner; (endroit) spot; (cale) wedge; au ~ du feu by the fireside; dans le ~ locally; du ~ local.

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coincer
vt
jam; (caler) wedge; (attraperfam) catch.

se ~ vpr get jammed.

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coïncidence
nf
coincidence.

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coing
nm
quince.

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coït
nm
intercourse.

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col
nm
collar; (de bouteille) neck; (de montagne) pass; ~ blanc white-collar worker; ~ roulé polo-neck; (US) turtle-neck; ~ de l'utérus cervix; se casser le ~ du fémur break one's hip.

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colère
nf
anger; (accès) fit of anger; en ~ angry; se mettre en ~ lose one's temper; faire une ~ throw a tantrum.

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coléreux
-euse a
quick-tempered.

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colin
nm
(merlu) hake; (lieu noir) coley.

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colique
nf
diarrhoea; (Méd) colic.

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colis
nm
parcel.

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collaborateur
-trice nm, f
collaborator; (journaliste) contributor; (collègue) colleague.

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collaboration
nf
collaboration (à on ) (à ouvrage, projet) contribution (à to ) .

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collaborer
vi
collaborate (à on ) ~ à (journal) contribute to.

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collant
~e a
(moulant) kin-tight; (poisseux) sticky. nm (bas) tights; (US) panty hose.

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colle
nf
glue; (en pâte) paste; (problèmefam) poser; (Scolfam) detention.

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collecter
vt
collect.

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collectif
-ive a
collective; (billet, voyage) group.

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collection
nf
collection; (ouvrages) series (+sg ) (du même auteur) set.

collectionner vt collect.

collectionneur, -euse nm, f collector.

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collectivité
nf
community; ~ locale local authority.

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collège
nm
secondary school (up to age 15) (US) junior high school; (assemblée) college.

collégien, ~ne nm, f schoolboy, schoolgirl.

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collègue
nmf
colleague.

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coller
vt
stick; (avec colle liquide) glue; (affiche) stick up; (mettrefam) stick; (par une questionfam) stump; (Scolfam) se faire ~ get a detention; je me suis fait ~ en maths I failed ou flunked maths. vi stick (à to ) (être collant) be sticky; ~ à (convenir à) fit, correspond to.

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collet
nm
(piège) snare; ~ monté prim and proper; mettre la main au ~ de qn collar sb.

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collier
nm
necklace; (de chien) collar.

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colline
nf
hill.

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collision
nf
(choc) collision; (lutte) clash; entrer en ~ (avec) collide (with) .

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collyre
nm
eye drops (+pl ) .

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colmater
vt
plug, seal.

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colombe
nf
dove.

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Colombie
nf
Colombia.

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colon
nm
settler.

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colonel
nm
colonel.

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colonie
nf
colony; ~ de vacances children's holiday camp.

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colonne
nf
column; ~ vertébrale spine; en ~ par deux in double file.

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colorant
nm
colouring.

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colorier
vt
colour (in) .

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colosse
nm
giant.

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colza
nm
rape (-seed) .

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coma
nm
coma; dans le ~ in a coma.

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combat
nm
fight; (Sport) match; ~s fighting.

combatif, -ive a eager to fight; (esprit) fighting.

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combattre
vt/i
fight.

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combien
adv
~ (de) quantité) how much; (nombre) how many; (temps) how long; ~ il a changé! (comme) how he has changed!; ~ y a-t-il d'ici à...? how far is it to...?; on est le ~ aujourd'hui? what's the date today?

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combinaison
nf
combination; (de femme) slip; (bleu de travail) boiler suit; (US) overalls; ~ d'aviateur flying-suit; ~ de plongée wetsuit.

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combine
nf
trick; (fraude) fiddle; (intrigue) scheme.

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combiné
nm
(detéléphone) receiver, handset.

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combiner
vt
(réunir) combine; (calculer) devise; ~ de faire plan to do.

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comble
a
packed. nm height; ~s (mansarde) attic, loft; c'est le ~! that's the (absolute) limit!

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combler
vt
fill; (perte,déficit) make good; (désir) fulfil; ~ qn de cadeaux lavish gifts on sb.

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combustible
nm
fuel.

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comédie
nf
comedy; (histoirefam) fuss; ~ musicale musical; jouer la ~ put on an act.

comédien, ~ne nm, f actor,actress.

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comestible
a
edible.

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comète
nf
comet.

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comique
a
comical,funny; (genre) comic. nm (acteur) comic; (comédie) comedy; (côté drôle) comical aspect.

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commandant
nm
commander; (dans l'armée de terre) major; ~ (de bord) ) captain; ~ enchef Commander-in-Chief.

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commande
nf
(Comm) order; (Tech) control; ~s (d'avion) controls.

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commandement
nm
command; (Relig) commandment.

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commander
vt
command; (acheter) order; (étude,œuvre d'art) commission; ~ à (maîtriser) control; ~ à qn de command sb to. vi be in command.

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comme
adv
~ c'est bon! it's so good!; ~ il est mignon! isn't he sweet! conj (dans une comparaison) as; (dans une équivalence,illustration) like; (en tant que) as; (puisque) as, since; (au moment où) as; vif ~ l'éclair as quick as a flash; travailler ~ sage-femme work as a midwife; ~ ci ~ ça so-so; ~ il faut properly; ~ pour faire as if to do; jolie ~ tout as pretty as anything; qu'est-ce qu'ily a ~ légumes? what is there in the way of vegetables?

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commencer
vt/i
begin, start; ~ à faire begin ou start to do.

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comment
adv
how; ~? (répétition) pardon?; (surprise) what?; ~ est-il? what is he like?; le ~ et le pourquoi the whys and wherefores.

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commentaire
nm
comment; (d'un texte, événement) commentary.

commentateur, -trice nm, f commentator.

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commenter
vt
comment on; (film, visite) provide a commentary for; (radio,TV) commentate.

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commérages
nmpl
gossip.

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commerçant
~e r
sã, -t/ a (rue) shopping; (personne) business-minded. nm, f shopkeeper.

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commerce
nm
trade,commerce; (magasin) business; faire du ~ be in business.

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commercial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
commercial.

commercialiser vt market.

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commettre
vt
commit.

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commis
nm
(de magasin) assistant; (de bureau) clerk.

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commissaire
nm
commissioner; (Sport) steward; ~ (de police) (police) superintendent.

commissairepriseur (pl commissaires-priseurs ) nm auctioneer.

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commissariat
nm
~ (de police) police station.

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commission
nf
commission; (course) errand; (message) message; ~s shopping.

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commode
a
handy,convenient; (facile) easy; il n'estpas ~ he's a difficult customer. nf chest (of drawers) .

commodité nf convenience.

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commotion
nf
~ (céé brale) r concussion.

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commun
~e a
common; (effort, action) joint; (frais, pièce) shared; en ~ jointly; avoir oumettre en ~ share; le ~ des mortels ordinary mortals.

communal, ~e (mpl -aux ) a of the commune, local.

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communauté
nf
community; ~ de biens joint ownership.

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commune
nf
(circonscription, collectivité) commune.

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communicatif
-ive a
(personne) talkative; (gaieté) infectious.

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communication
nf
communication; (téléphonique) call; ~s (relations) communications (+pl ) voies oumoyens de ~ communications (+pl ) .

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communier
vi
(Relig) receive communion; (fig) commune.

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communiqué
nm
statement; (de presse) communiqué.

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communiquer
vt
pass on, communicate; (date,décision) announce. vi communicate.

se ~ à vpr spread to.

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communiste
a & nmf
communist.

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commutateur
nm
(Électr) switch.

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compagne
nf
companion.

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compagnie
nf
company; tenir ~ à keep company; en ~ de together with; ~ aérienne airline.

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compagnon
nm
companion.

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comparable
a
comparable (à to ) .

comparaison nf comparison; (littéraire) simile.

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comparaître
vi
(Jur) appear (devant before ) .

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comparatif
-ive a & nm
comparative.

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comparer
vt
compare (à with ) .

se ~ vpr compare oneself; (être comparable) be comparable.

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compartiment
nm
compartment.

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comparution
nf
(Jur) ppearance.

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compas
nm
(pair of) compasses; (boussole) compass.

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compassion
nf
compassion.

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compatible
a
compatible.

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compatir
vi
sympathize; ~ à share in.

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compatriote
nmf
compatriot.

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compensation
nf
compensation.

compenser vt compensate for, make up for.

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compère
nm
accomplice.

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compétence
nf
competence; (fonction) domain, sphere; entrer dans les ~s de qn be in sb's domain.

compétent, ~e a competent.

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compétition
nf
competition; (sportive) event; de ~ competitive.

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complairese
vpr
se ~ dans delight in.

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complaisance
nf
kindness; (indulgence) indulgence.

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complément
nm
supplement; (Gram) complement; ~ (d'objet) (Gram) object; ~ d'information further information.

complémentaire a complementary; (renseignements) supplementary.

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complet
-ète a
complete; (train, hôtel) full. nm suit.

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compléter
vt
complete; (agrémenter) complement.

se ~ vpr complement each other.

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complexe
a
complex. nm (sentiment, bâtiments) complex.

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complexé
~e a
être ~ have a lot of hang-ups.

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complice
nm
accomplice.

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compliment
nm
compliment; ~s (félicitations) compliments, congratulations.

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compliquer
vt
complicate.

se ~ vpr become complicated.

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complot
nm
plot.

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comportement
nm
behaviour; (de joueur, voiture) performance.

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comporter
vt
(êtrecomposé de) comprise; (inclure) include; (risque) entail.

se ~ vpr behave; (joueur, voiture) perform.

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composant
nm
component.

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composé
~e a
composite; (salade) mixed; (guindé) affected. nm compound.

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composer
vt
make up, compose; (chanson, visage) compose; (numéro) dial; (page) typeset. vi (transiger) compromise.

se ~ de vpr be made up ou composed of.

compositeur, -trice nm, f (Mus) composer.

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composter
vt
(billet) punch.

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compote
nf
stewed fruit; ~ de pommes stewed apples.

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compréhensible
a
understandable; (intelligible) comprehensible.

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compréhensif
-ive a
understanding.

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compréhension
nf
understanding, comprehension.

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comprendre
vt
understand; (comporter) comprise,be made up of.

se ~ vpr (personnes) understand each other; ça se comprend that is understandable.

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compresse
nf
compress.

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comprimé
nm
tablet.

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comprimer
vt
compress; (réduire) reduce.

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compris
~e a
included; (d'accord) agreed; ~ entre (contained) between; service (non) ~ service (not) included; tout ~ (all) inclusive; y ~ including.

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compromettre
vt
compromise.

compromis nm compromise.

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comptabilité
nf
accountancy; (comptes) accounts; (service) accounts department.

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comptable
a
accounting. nmf accountant.

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comptant
adv
(payer) (in) cash; (acheter) for cash.

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compte
nm
count; (facture, comptabilité) account; (nombre exact) right number; ~ bancaire, ~ en banque bank account; prendre qch en ~, tenir ~ de qch take sth into account; se rendre ~ de realize; demander/rendre des ~s ask for/ give an explanation; à bon ~ cheaply; s'en tirer à bon ~ get off lightly; travailler à son ~ be self-employed; faire le ~ de count; pour le ~ de on behalf of; sur le ~ de about; au bout du ~ all things considered; ~ à rebours countdown.

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compte-gouttes
nm inv
(Méd) dropper; au ~ (fig) in dribs and drabs.

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compter
vt
count; (prévoir) allow, reckon on; (facturer) charge for; (avoir) have; (classer) consider; ~ faire intend to do. vi (calculer, importer) count; ~ avec reckon with; ~ parmi (figurer) be considered among; ~ sur rely on, count on.

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compte-rendu
nm
report; (de film, livre) review.

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compteur
nm
meter; ~ de vitesse speedometer.

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comptine
nf
nursery rhyme.

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comptoir
nm
counter; (de café) bar.

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comte
nm
count.

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comté
nm
county.

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comtesse
nf
countess.

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con
~ne a
sl bloody stupid sl. nm, f sl bloody fool sl.

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concentrer
vt
concentrate.

se ~ vpr be concentrated.

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concept
nm
concept.

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concerner
vt
concern; en ce qui me concerne as far as I am concerned.

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concert
nm
concert; de ~ in unison.

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concerter
vt
organize, prepare.

se ~ vpr confer.

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concession
nf
concession; (terrain) plot.

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concevoir
vt
(imaginer, engendrer) conceive; (comprendre) understand; (élaborer) design.

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concierge
nmf
caretaker.

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concilier
vt
reconcile.

se ~ vpr (s'attirer) win (over) .

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concis
~e a
concise.

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conclure
vt
conclude; ~ à conclude in favour of. vi ~ en faveur de/contre find in favour of/against.

conclusion nf conclusion.

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concombre
nm
cucumber.

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concordance
nf
agreement.

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concourir
vi
compete. vt ~ à contribute towards.

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concours
nm
competition; (examen) competitive examination; (aide) help; (de circonstances) combination.

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concret
-ète a
concrete.

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concrétiser
vt
give concrete form to.

se ~ vpr materialize.

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conçu
~e a
bien/mal ~ well/badly designed.

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concubinage
nm
cohabitation; vivre en ~ live together, cohabit.

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concurrence
nf
competition; faire ~ à compete with; jusqu'à ~ de up to a limit of.

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concurrencer
vt
compete with.

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concurrent
~e nm, f
competitor; (Scol) candidate. a rival.

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condamnation
nf
condemnation; (peine) sentence; ~ centralisée des portières central locking.

condamné, ~e nm, f condemned man, condemned woman.

condamner vt (censurer, obliger) condemn; (Jur) sentence; (porte) block up.

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condition
nf
condition; ~s (prix) terms; à ~ de ouque provided (that) sans ~ unconditional (ly) sous ~ conditionally.

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conditionnel
~le a
conditional. nm conditional (tense) .

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conditionnement
nm
conditioning; (emballage) packaging.

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condoléances
nfpl
condolences.

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conducteur
-trice nm, f
driver.

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conduire
vt
take (à to ) (guider) lead; (Auto) drive; (affaire) conduct; ~ à (faire aboutir) lead to. vi drive.

se ~ vpr behave.

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conduit
nm
duct.

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conduite
nf
conduct, behaviour; (Auto) driving; (tuyau) pipe; voiture avec ~ à droite right-hand drive car.

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confection
nf
making; de ~ ready-made; la ~ the clothing industry.

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conférence
nf
conference; (exposé) lecture; ~ au sommet summit meeting.

conférencier, -ière nm, f lecturer.

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confesser
vt
confess.

se ~ vpr go to confession.

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confiance
nf
trust; avoir ~ en trust.

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confiant
~e a
(assuré) confident; (sans défiance) trusting.

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confidence
nf
confidence.

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confidentiel
~le a
confidential.

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confier
vt
~ à qn entrust sb with; ~ un secret à qn tell sb a secret.

se ~ à vpr confide in.

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confiner
vt
confine; ~ à border on.

se ~ vpr confine oneself (à, dans to ) .

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confirmation
nf
confirmation.

confirmer vt confirm.

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confiserie
nf
sweet shop; ~s confectionery.

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confisquer
vt
confiscate.

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confit
~e a
candied; (fruits) crystallized. nm ~ de canard confit of duck.

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confiture
nf
jam.

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conflit
nm
conflict.

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confondre
vt
confuse, mix up; (étonner) confound.

se ~ vpr merge; se ~ en excuses apologize profusely.

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conforme
a
être ~ à comply with; (être en accord) be in keeping with.

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conformer
vt
adapt.

se ~ à vpr conform to.

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conformité
nf
compliance, conformity; agir en ~ avec act in accordance with.

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confort
nm
comfort; tout ~ with all mod cons.

confortable a comfortable.

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confrère
nm
colleague.

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confronter
vt
confront; (textes) compare.

se ~ à vpr be confronted with.

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confus
~e a
confused; (gêné) embarrassed.

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congé
nm
holiday; (arrêt momentané) time off, leave; (avis de départ) notice; en ~ on holiday ou leave; ~ de maladie/maternité sick/maternity leave; jour de ~ day off; prendre ~ de take one's leave of.

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congédier
vt
dismiss.

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congélateur
nm
freezer.

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congeler
vt
freeze.

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congère
nf
snowdrift.

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congrès
nm
conference; (Pol) congress.

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conjoint
~e nm, f
spouse. a joint.

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conjonctivite
nf
conjunctivitis.

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conjoncture
nf
situation; (économique) economic climate.

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conjugaison
nf
conjugation.

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conjugal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
conjugal, married.

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conjuguer
vt
(Gram) conjugate; (efforts) combine.

se ~ vpr (Gram) be conjugated; (facteurs) be combined.

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conjurer
vt
(éviter) avert; (implorer) beg.

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connaissance
nf
knowledge; (personne) acquaintance; ~s (science) knowledge; faire la ~ de meet; (apprécier une personne) get to know; perdre/reprendre ~ lose/regain consciousness; sans ~ unconscious.

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connaisseur
nm
expert, connoisseur.

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connaître
vt
know; (difficultés, faim, succès) experience; faire ~ make known.

se ~ vpr (se rencontrer) meet; s'y ~ en know (all) about.

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connecter
vt
connect; être/ne pas être connecté be on-/off-line.

se ~ à vpr (Ordinat) log on to.

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connerie
nf
sl faire une ~ do something stupid; dire des ~s talk rubbish.

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connu
~e a
well-known.

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conquérant
~e nm, f
conqueror.

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conquête
nf
conquest.

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consacrer
vt
devote; (Relig) consecrate; (sanctionner) sanction.

se ~ à vpr devote oneself to.

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conscience
nf
conscience; (perception) awareness; (de collectivité) consciousness; avoir/prendre ~ de be/become aware of; perdre/reprendre ~ lose/regain consciousness; avoir bonne/mauvaise ~ have a clear/guilty conscience.

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conscient
~e a
conscious; ~ de aware ou conscious of.

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conseil
nm
(piece of) advice; (assemblée) council, committee; (séance) meeting; (personne) consultant; ~ d'administration board of directors; ~ en gestion management consultant; ~ des ministres Cabinet; ~ municipal town council.

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conseiller1
vt
advise; ~ à qn de advise sb to; ~ qch à qn recommend sth to sb.

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conseiller2
-ère nm, f
adviser, counsellor; ~ municipal town councillor; ~ d'orientation careers adviser.

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consentement
nm
consent.

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conséquence
nf
consequence; en ~ (comme il convient) accordingly; en ~ (de quoi) as a result of which.

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conséquent
~e a
consistent, logical; (important) substantial; par ~ consequently, therefore.

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conservateur
-trice a
conservative. nm, f (Pol) conservative; (de musée) curator. nm preservative.

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conservation
nf
preservation; (d'espèce, patrimoine) conservation.

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conservatoire
nm
academy.

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conserve
nf
tinned ou canned food; en ~ tinned, canned; boîte de ~ tin, can.

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conserver
vt
keep; (en bon état) preserve; (Culin) preserve.

se ~ vpr (Culin) keep.

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considérer
vt
consider; (respecter) esteem; ~ comme consider to be.

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consigne
nf
(de gare) left-luggage office; (US) baggage checkroom; (somme) deposit; (ordres) orders; ~ automatique left-luggage lockers; (US) baggage lockers.

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consistance
nf
consistency; (fig) substance, weight.

consistant, ~e a solid; (épais) thick.

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consister
vi
~ en/dans consist of/in; ~ à faire consist in doing.

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consoler
vt
console.

se ~ vpr find consolation; se ~ de qch get over sth.

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consolider
vt
strengthen; (fig) consolidate.

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consommateur
-trice nm, f
(Comm) consumer; (dans un café) customer.

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consommation
nf
consumption; (accomplissement) consummation; (boisson) drink; de ~ (Comm) consumer.

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consommer
vt
consume, use; (manger) eat; (boire) drink; (mariage) consummate.

se ~ vpr (être mangé) be eaten; (être utilisé) be used.

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consonne
nf
consonant.

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constat
nm
(official) report; ~ (à l') amiable accident report drawn up by those involved.

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constatation
nf
observation, statement of fact.

constater vt note, notice; (certifier) certify.

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consternation
nf
dismay.

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constipé
~e a
constipated; (fig) uptight.

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constituer
vt
(composer) make up, constitute; (organiser) form; (être) constitute; constitué de made up of.

se ~ vpr se ~ prisonnier give oneself up.

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constitution
nf
formation, setting up; (Pol, Méd) constitution.

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constructeur
nm
manufacturer, builder.

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construction
nf
building; (structure, secteur) construction; (fabrication) manufacture.

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construire
vt
build; (système, phrase) construct.

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consulat
nm
consulate.

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consultation
nf
consultation; (réception: Méd) surgery; (US) office; heures de ~ surgery ou office (US) hours.

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consulter
vt
consult. vi (médecin) hold surgery, see patients.

se ~ vpr consult together.

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contact
nm
contact; (toucher) touch; au ~ de on contact with; (personne) by contact with, by seeing; mettre/couper le ~ (Auto) switch on/off the ignition; prendre ~ avec get in touch with.

contacter vt contact.

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contagieux
-ieuse a
contagious.

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conte
nm
tale; ~ de fées fairy tale.

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contempler
vt
contemplate.

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contemporain
~e a & nm,f
contemporary.

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contenance
nf
(volume) capacity; (allure) bearing; perdre ~ lose one's composure.

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contenir
vt
contain; (avoir une capacité de) hold.

se ~ vpr contain oneself.

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content
~e a
pleased, happy (de with ) ~ de faire pleased ou happy to do.

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contenter
vt
satisfy.

se ~ de vpr content oneself with.

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contenu
nm
(de récipient) contents (+pl ) (de texte) content.

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conter
vt
tell, relate.

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contestation
nf
dispute; (opposition) protest.

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contester
vt
question, dispute; (s'opposer) protest against. vi protest.

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conteur
-euse nm, f
storyteller.

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contigu
~ë a
adjacent (à to ) .

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continent
nm
continent.

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continu
~e a
continuous.

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continuer
vt
continue. vi continue, go on; ~ à oude faire carry on ou go on ou continue doing.

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contorsionnerse
vpr
wriggle.

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contour
nm
outline, contour; ~s (d'une route) twists and turns, bends.

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contourner
vt
go round, by-pass; (difficulté) get round.

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contraceptif
-ive a
contraceptive. nm contraceptive.

contraception nf contraception.

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contracter
vt
(maladie) contract; (dette) incur; (muscle) tense; (assurance) take out.

se ~ vpr contract.

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contractuel
~le nm, f
(agent) traffic warden.

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contradictoire
a
contradictory; (débat) open.

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contraignant
~e a
restricting.

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contraindre
vt
force, compel (à faire to do ) .

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contrainte
nf
constraint.

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contraire
a
opposite; ~ à contrary to. nm opposite; au ~ on the contrary; au ~ de unlike.

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contrarier
vt
annoy; (projet, volonté) frustrate; (chagriner) upset.

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contraste
nm
contrast.

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contrat
nm
contract.

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contravention
nf
(parking) ticket; en ~ in breach (à of ) .

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contre
prép
against; (en échange de) for; par ~ on the other hand; tout ~ close by.

contreattaque (pl ~s ) nf counterattack.

contre-attaquer vt counter-attack.

contre-balancer vt counterbalance.

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contrebande
nf
contraband; faire la ~ de smuggle.

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contrebas:
en ~ loc
below.

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contrebasse
nf
double bass.

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contrecœur:
à ~ loc
reluctantly.

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contrecoup
nm
effects, repercussions.

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contredire
vt
contradict.

se ~ vpr contradict oneself.

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contrée
nf
region; (pays) land.

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contrefaçon
nf
(objet imité, action) forgery.

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contre-indiqué
~e a
(Méd) contra-indicated; (déconseillé) not recommended.

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contre-jour:
à ~ loc
against the light.

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contrepartie
nf
compensation; en ~ in exchange, in return.

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contreplaqué
nm
plywood.

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contresens
nm
misinterpretation; (absurdité) nonsense; à ~ the wrong way.

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contretemps
nm
hitch; à ~ (fig) at the wrong time.

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contribuable
nmf
taxpayer.

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contribuer
vt
contribute (à to, towards ) .

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contrôle
nm
(maîtrise) control; (vérification) check; (des prix) control; (poinçon) hallmark; (Scol) test; ~ continu continuous assessment; ~ des changes exchange control; ~ des naissances birth control; ~ de soi-même self-control; ~ technique (des vé hicules) MOT (test) .

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contrôler
vt
(vérifier) check; (surveiller, maîtriser) control.

se ~ vpr control oneself.

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contrôleur
-euse nm, f
inspector.

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convaincre
vt
convince; ~ qn de faire persuade sb to do.

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convalescence
nf
convalescence; être en ~ be convalescing.

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convenable
a
(correct) decent, proper; (approprié) suitable; (acceptable) reasonable, acceptable.

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convenance
nf
à ma ~ to my satisfaction; les ~s convention.

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convenir
vt/i
be suitable; ~ à suit; ~ que admit that; ~ de qch (avouer) admit sth; (s'accorder sur) agree on sth; ~ de faire agree to do; il convient de it is advisable to; (selon les bienséances) it would be right to.

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convention
nf
agreement, convention; (clause) article, clause; ~s (convenances) convention; de ~ conventional; ~ collective industrial agreement.

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convenu
~e a
agreed.

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conversation
nf
conversation.

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convertir
vt
convert (à to; en into ) .

se ~ vpr be converted, convert.

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conviction
nf
conviction; avoir la ~ que be convinced that.

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convivial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
convivial; (Ordinat) user-friendly.

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convocation
nf
(Jur) summons; (d'une assemblée) convening; (document) notification to attend.

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convoi
nm
convoy; (train) train; ~ (funè bre) funeral procession.

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convoquer
vt
(assemblée) convene; (personne) summon; être convoqué pour un entretien be called for interview.

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coopération
nf
cooperation; (Mil) civilian national service abroad.

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coordination
nf
coordination.

coordonnées nfpl coordinates; (adresse) address and telephone number.

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copain
nm
friend; (petit ami) boyfriend.

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copie
nf
copy; (Scol) paper; ~ d'examen exam paper ou script; ~ de sauvegarde back-up copy.

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copier
vt/i
copy; ~ sur (Scol) copy ou crib from.

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copieux
-ieuse a
copious.

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copine
nf
friend; (petite amie) girlfriend.

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coq
nm
cockerel.

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coque
nf
shell; (de bateau) hull.

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coquelicot
nm
poppy.

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coqueluche
nf
whooping cough.

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coquet
~te a
flirtatious; (élégant) pretty; (sommefam) tidy.

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coquetier
nm
eggcup.

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coquillage
nm
shellfish; (coquille) shell.

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coquille
nf
shell; (faute) misprint; ~ Saint-Jacques scallop.

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coquin
~e a
mischievous. nm, f rascal.

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cor
nm
(Mus) horn; (au pied) corn.

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corail
(pl -aux ) nm
coral.

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corbeau
(pl ~x ) nm
(oiseau) crow.

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corbeille
nf
basket; ~ à papier waste-paper basket.

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corbillard
nm
hearse.

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cordage
nm
rope; ~s (Naut) rigging.

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corde
nf
rope; (d'arc, de violon) string; ~ à linge washing line; ~ à sauter skipping-rope; ~ raide tightrope; ~s vocales vocal cords.

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cordon
nm
string, cord; ~ de police police cordon.

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cordonnier
nm
cobbler.

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Corée
nf
Korea.

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coriace
a
tough.

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corne
nf
horn.

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corneille
nf
crow.

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cornemuse
nf
bagpipes (+pl ) .

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corner
vt
(page) turn down the corner of; page cornée dog-eared page. vi (Auto) hoot, honk.

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cornet
nm
(paper) cone; (crème glacée) cornet, cone.

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corniche
nf
cornice; (route) cliff road.

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cornichon
nm
gherkin.

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corporel
~le a
bodily; (châtiment) corporal.

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corps
nm
body; (Mil) corps; combat ~ à ~ hand-to-hand combat; ~ électoral electorate; ~ enseignant teaching profession.

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correct
~e a
proper, correct; (exact) correct.

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correcteur
-trice nm, f
(d'épreuves) proofreader; (Scol) examiner; ~ liquide correction fluid; ~ d'orthographe spell-checker.

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correction
nf
correction; (d'examen) marking, grading; (punition) beating.

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correspondance
nf
correspondence; (de train, d'autobus) connection; vente par ~ mail order; faire des études par ~ do a correspondence course.

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correspondant
~e a
corresponding. nm, f correspondent; penfriend; (au téléphone) votre ~ the person you are calling.

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correspondre
vi
(s'accorder, écrire) correspond; (chambres) communicate. v + prép ~ à (être appropriéà) match, suit; (équivaloir à) correspond to.

se ~ vpr correspond.

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corrida
nf
bullfight.

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corriger
vt
correct; (devoir) mark, grade, correct; (punir) beat; (guérir) cure.

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corsage
nm
bodice; (chemisier) blouse.

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corsaire
nm
pirate.

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Corse
nf
Corsica. nmf Corsican.

corse a Corsican.

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corsé
~e a
(vin) full-bodied; (café) strong; (scabreux) racy; (problème) tough.

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cortège
nm
procession; ~ funèbre funeral procession.

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corvée
nf
chore.

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cosmonaute
nmf
cosmonaut.

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cosmopolite
a
cosmopolitan.

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cosse
nf
(de pois) pod.

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cossu
~e a
(gens) well-to-do; (demeure) opulent.

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costaud
~e fam a
strong. nm strong man.

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costume
nm
suit; (Théât) costume.

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cote
nf
(classification) mark; (en Bourse) quotation; (de cheval) odds (de on ) (de candidat, acteur) rating; ~ d'alerte danger level; avoir la ~ be popular.

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côte
nf
(littoral) coast; (pente) hill; (Anat) rib; (Culin) chop; ~ à ~ side by side; la C~ d'Azur the (French) Riviera.

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côté
nm
side; (direction) way; à ~ nearby; voisin d'à ~ next-door neighbour; à ~ de next to; (comparéà) compared to; à ~ de la cible wide of the target; aux ~s de by the side of; de ~ (regarder) sideways; (sauter) to one side; mettre de ~ put aside; de ce ~ this way; de chaque ~ on each side; de tous les ~s on every side; (partout) everywhere; du ~ de (vers) towards; (dans les environs de) near.

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côtelette
nf
chop.

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coter
vt
(Comm) quote; coté en Bourse listed on the Stock Exchange; très coté highly rated.

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cotiser
vi
pay one's contributions (à to ) (à un club) pay one's subscription.

se ~ vpr club together.

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coton
nm
cotton; ~ hydrophile cotton wool.

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cou
nm
neck.

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couchant
nm
sunset.

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couche
nf
layer; (de peinture) coat; (de bébé) nappy; (US) diaper; ~s (Méd) childbirth; ~s sociales social strata.

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coucher
vt
put to bed; (loger) put up; (étendre) lay down; ~ (paré crit) set down. vi sleep.

se ~ vpr go to bed; (s'étendre) lie down; (soleil) set. nm ~ (de soleil) sunset; au ~ du soleil at sunset.

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couchette
nf
(de train) couchette; (Naut) berth.

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coude
nm
elbow; (de rivière, chemin) bend; ~ à ~ side by side.

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cou-de-pied
(pl cous-de-pied ) nm
instep.

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coudre
vt/i
sew.

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couette
nf
duvet, continental quilt.

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couler
vi
flow, run; (fromage, nez) run; (fuir) leak; (bateau) sink; (entreprise) go under; faire ~ un bain run a bath. vt (bateau) sink; (sculpture, métal) cast.

se ~ vpr slip (dans into ) .

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couleur
nf
colour; (peinture) paint; (aux cartes) suit; ~s (teint) colour; de ~ (homme, femme) coloured; en ~s (télévision, film) colour.

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couleuvre
nf
grass snake.

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coulisse
nf
(de tiroir) runner; à ~ (porte, fenêtre) sliding; ~s (Théât) wings; dans les ~s (fig) behind the scenes.

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couloir
nm
corridor; (Sport) lane; ~ de bus bus lane.

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coup
nm
blow; (choc) knock; (Sport) stroke; (de crayon, chance, cloche) stroke; (de fusil, pistolet) shot; (fois) time; (aux échecs) move; donner un ~ de pied/poing à kick/punch; à ~ sûr definitely; après ~ after the event; boire un ~ fam have a drink; ~ sur ~ in rapid succession; du ~ as a result; d'un seul ~ in one go; du premier ~ first go; sale ~ dirty trick; sous le ~ de la fatigue/colère out of tiredness/anger; sur le ~ instantly; tenir le ~ hold out; manquer son ~ fam blow it fam ~ de chiffon wipe (with a rag) ~ de coude nudge; ~ de couteau stab; ~ d'envoi kick-off; ~ d'État (Pol) coup;

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coupable
a
guilty. nmf culprit.

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coupe
nf
cup; (de champagne) goblet; (à fruits) dish; (de vêtement) cut; (dessin) section; ~ de cheveux haircut.

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couper
vt
cut; (arbre) cut down; (arrêter) cut off; (voyage) break up; (appétit) take away; (vin) water down; ~ par take a short cut via; ~ la parole à qn cut sb short. vi cut.

se ~ vpr cut oneself; se ~ le doigt cut one's finger; (routes) intersect; se ~ de cut oneself off from.

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couple
nm
couple; (d'animaux) pair.

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coupure
nf
cut; (billet de banque) note; (de presse) cutting; (pause, rupture) break; (~ de courant ) power cut.

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cour
nf
(court) yard; (du roi) court; (tribunal) court; (~ de récréation ) playground; ~ martiale court-martial; faire la ~ à court.

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courageux
-euse a
courageous.

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couramment
adv
frequently; (parler) fluently.

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courant
~e a
standard, ordinary; (en cours) current. nm current; (de mode, d'idées) trend; ~ d'air draught; dans le ~ de in the course of; être/mettre au ~ de know/tell about; (à jour) be/bring up to date on.

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courbature
nf
ache; avoir des ~s be stiff, ache.

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courber
vt
bend.

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coureur
-euse nm, f
(Sport) runner; ~ automobile racing driver; ~ cycliste racing cyclist. nm womanizer.

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courgette
nf
courgette; (US) zucchini.

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courir
vi
run; (se hâter) rush; (nouvelles) go round; ~ après qn/qch chase after sb/ sth. vt (risque) run; (danger) face; (épreuve sportive) run ou compete in; (fréquenter) do the rounds of; (filles) chase (after) .

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couronne
nf
crown; (de fleurs) wreath.

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couronnement
nm
coronation, crowning; (fig) crowning achievement.

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courrier
nm
post, mail; (àécrire) letters; ~ du cœur problem page; ~ électronique e-mail.

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cours
nm
(leçon) class; (série de leçons) course; (prix) price; (cote) (de valeur, denrée) price; (de devises) exchange rate; (déroulement, d'une rivière) course; (allée) avenue; au ~ de in the course of; avoir ~ (monnaie) be legal tender; (fig) be current; (Scol) have a lesson; ~ d'eau river, stream; ~ du soir evening class; ~ particulier private lesson; ~ magistral (Univ) lecture; en ~ current; (travail) in progress; en ~ de route along the way.

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course
nf
running; (épreuve de vitesse) race; (activité) racing; (entre rivaux: fig) race; (de projectile) flight; (voyage) journey; (commission) errand; ~s (achats) shopping; (de chevaux) races; faire la ~ avec qn race sb.

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coursier
-ière nm, f
messenger.

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court
~e a
short. adv short; à ~ de short of; pris de ~ caught unawares. nm ~ (de tennis) (tennis) court.

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courtier
-ière nm, f
broker.

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courtiser
vt
woo, court.

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courtois
~e a
courteous.

courtoisie nf courtesy.

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cousin
~e nm, f
cousin; ~ germain first cousin.

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coussin
nm
cushion.

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coût
nm
cost; le ~ de la vie the cost of living.

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couteau
(pl ~x ) nm
knife; ~ à cran d'arrêt flick knife.

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coûter
vt/i
cost; coûte que coûte at all costs; au prix coûtant at cost (price) .

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coutume
nf
custom.

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couture
nf
sewing; (métier) dressmaking; (points) seam.

couturier nm fashion designer.

couturière nf dressmaker.

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couvée
nf
brood.

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couvent
nm
convent.

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couver
vt
(œufs) hatch; (personne) overprotect, pamper; (maladie) be coming down with, be sickening for. vi (feu) smoulder; (mal) be brewing.

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couvercle
nm
(de marmite, boîte) lid; (qui se visse) screwtop.

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couvert
~e a
covered (de with ) (habillé) covered up; (ciel) overcast. nm (à table) place setting; (prix) cover charge; ~s (couteaux etc.) cutlery; mettre le ~ lay the table; (abri) cover; à ~ (Mil) under cover; à ~ de (fig) safe from.

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couverture
nf
cover; (de lit) blanket; (toit) roofing; (dans la presse) coverage; ~ chauffante electric blanket.

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couvre-feu
(pl ~x ) nm
curfew.

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couvre-lit
(pl ~s ) nm
bedspread.

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couvrir
vt
cover.

se ~ vpr (s'habiller) wrap up; (se coiffer) put one's hat on; (ciel) become overcast.

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covoiturage
nm
car sharing.

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cracher
vi
spit; (radio) crackle. vt spit (out) (fumée) belch out.

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crachin
nm
drizzle.

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craie
nf
chalk.

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craindre
vt
be afraid of, fear; (être sensible à) be easily damaged by.

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crainte
nf
fear (pour for ) de ~ de/que for fear of/that.

craintif, -ive a timid.

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crampon
nm
(de chaussure) stud.

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cramponnerse
vpr
se ~ à cling to.

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cran
nm
(entaille) notch; (trou) hole; (couragefam) guts fam, courage; ~ de sûreté safety catch.

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crâne
nm
skull.

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crapaud
nm
toad.

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craquer
vi
crack, snap; (plancher) creak; (couture) split; (fig) (personne) break down; (céder) give in. vt (allumette) strike; (vêtement) split.

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crasse
nf
grime.

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cravache
nf
(horse) whip.

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cravate
nf
tie.

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crayon
nm
pencil; ~ de couleur coloured pencil; ~ à bille ballpoint pen; ~ optique light pen.

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créateur
-trice a
creative. nm, f creator, designer.

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crèche
nf
day nursery, crèche; (Relig) crib.

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crédit
nm
credit; (somme allouée) funds; à ~ on credit; faire ~ give credit (à to ) .

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créer
vt
create; (produit) design; (société) set up.

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crémaillère
nf
pendre la ~ have a housewarming party.

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crème
a inv
cream. nm (café) ~ espresso with milk. nf cream; (dessert) cream dessert; ~ anglaise egg custard; ~ fouettée whipped cream; ~ pâtissière confectioner's custard.

crémerie nf dairy.

crémeux, -euse a creamy.

crémier, -ière nm, f dairyman, dairywoman.

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créneau
(pl ~x ) nm
(trou, moment) slot, window; (dans le marché) gap; faire un ~ parallelpark.

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crêpe
nf
(galette) pancake. nm (tissu) crêpe; (matière) crêpe (rubber) .

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crépitement
nm
crackling; (d'huile) sizzling.

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crépuscule
nm
twilight, dusk.

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cresson
nm
(water) cress.

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crête
nf
crest; (de coq) comb.

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crétin
~e nm, f
fam moron fam.

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creuser
vt
dig; (évider) hollow out; (fig) go into in depth.

se ~ vpr (écart) widen; se ~ (~ la cervelle) fam rack one's brains.

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creux
-euse a
hollow; (heures) off-peak. nm hollow; (de l'estomac) pit; dans le ~ de la main in the palm of the hand.

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crevaison
nf
puncture.

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crevasse
nf
crack; (de glacier) crevasse; (de la peau) chap.

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crevé
~e a
fam worn out.

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crever
vt
burst; (pneu) puncture, burst; (exténuerfam) exhaust; (œil) put out. vi (pneu, sac) burst; (mourirfam) die.

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crevette
nf
~ grise shrimp; ~ rose prawn.

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cri
nm
cry; (de douleur) scream, cry; pousser un ~ cry out, scream.

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criard
~e a
(couleur) garish; (voix) shrill.

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crier
vi
(fort) shout, cry (out) (de douleur) scream; (grincer) creak. vt (ordre) shout (out) .

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crime
nm
crime; (meurtre) murder.

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criminel
~le a
criminal. nm, f criminal; (assassin) murderer.

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crinière
nf
mane.

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crise
nf
crisis; (Méd) attack; (de colère) fit; ~ cardiaque heart attack; ~ de foie bilious attack; ~ de nerfs hysterics (+pl ) .

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crisper
vt
tense; (énerverfam) irritate.

se ~ vpr tense; (mains) clench.

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critère
nm
criterion.

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critique
a
critical. nf criticism; (article) review; (commentateur) critic; la ~ (personnes) the critics.

critiquer vt criticize.

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Croate
a
Croatian.

C~ nmf Croatian.

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Croatie
nf
Croatia.

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croche
nf
quaver.

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croche-pied
(pl ~s ) nm
fam faire un ~ à trip up.

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crochet
nm
hook; (détour) detour; (signe) (square) bracket; (tricot) crochet; faire au ~ crochet.

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crochu
~e a
hooked.

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crocodile
nm
crocodile.

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croire
vt
believe (à, en in ) (estimer) think, believe (que that ) . vi believe.

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croisade
nf
crusade.

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croisement
nm
crossing; (fait de passer à côté de) passing; (carrefour) crossroads.

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croiser
vi
(bateau) cruise. vt cross; (passant, véhicule) pass; ~ les bras fold one's arms; ~ les jambes cross one's legs; (animaux) crossbreed.

se ~ vpr (véhicules, piétons) pass each other; (lignes) cross.

croisière nf cruise.

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croissance
nf
growth.

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croissant
~e a
growing. nm crescent; (pâtisserie) croissant.

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croix
nf
cross; ~ gammée swastika; C~-Rouge Red Cross.

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croquant
~e a
crunchy.

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croque-monsieur
nm inv
toasted ham and cheese sandwich.

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croque-mort
(pl ~s ) nm
fam undertaker.

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croquer
vt
crunch; (dessiner) sketch; chocolat à ~ plain chocolate. vi be crunchy.

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croquis
nm
sketch.

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crotte
nf
dropping.

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crotté
~e a
muddy.

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crottin
nm
(horse) dropping.

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croupir
vi
stagnate.

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croustillant
~e a
crispy; (pain) crusty; (fig) spicy.

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croûte
nf
crust; (de fromage) rind; (de plaie) scab; en ~ (Culin) in pastry.

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croûton
nm
(bout de pain) crust; (avec potage) croûton.

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CRS
abrév m
(Compagnie républicaine de sécurité ) French riot police; un ~ a member of the French riot police .

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cru1
CROIRE .

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cru2
~e a
raw; (lumière) harsh; (propos) crude. nm vineyard; (vin) vintage wine.

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crû
CROÎTRE .

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cruauté
nf
cruelty.

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cruche
nf
jug, pitcher.

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crucial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
crucial.

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crudité
nf
(de langage) crudeness; ~s (Culin) raw vegetables.

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crue
nf
rise in water level; en ~ in spate.

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crustacé
nm
shellfish.

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cube
nm
cube. a (mètre) cubic.

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cueillir
vt
pick, gather; (personnefam) pick up.

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cuiller
cuillère nf
spoon; ~ à soupe soup spoon; (mesure) tablespoonful.

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cuir
nm
leather; ~ chevelu scalp.

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cuire
vt
cook; ~ (au four) bake. vi cook; faire ~ cook.

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cuisine
nf
kitchen; (art) cookery, cooking; (aliments) food; faire la ~ cook.

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cuisiner
vt
cook; (interrogerfam) grill. vi cook.

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cuisinier
-ière nm, f
cook.

cuisinière nf (appareil) cooker, stove.

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cuisse
nf
thigh; (de poulet) thigh; (de grenouille) leg.

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cuisson
nf
cooking.

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cuit
~e a
cooked; bien ~ well done ou cooked; trop ~ overdone.

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cuivre
nm
copper; ~ (jaune) brass; ~s (Mus) brass.

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cul
nm
(derrière p) backside, bottom, arse sl.

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culbuter
vi
(personne) tumble; (objet) topple (over) . vt knock over.

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culminer
vi
reach its highest point ou peak.

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culot
nm
(audacefam) nerve, cheek; (Tech) base.

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culotte
nf
(de femme) pants (+pl ) knickers (+pl ) (US) panties (+pl ) ~ de cheval riding breeches; en ~ courte in short trousers.

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culpabilité
nf
guilt.

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culte
nm
cult, worship; (religion) religion; (office protestant) service.

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cultivateur
-trice nm, f
farmer.

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cultiver
vt
cultivate; (plantes) grow.

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culture
nf
cultivation; (de plantes) growing; (agriculture) farming; (éducation) culture; (connaissances) knowledge; ~s (terrains) lands under cultivation; ~ physique physical training.

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culturel
~le a
cultural.

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cumuler
vt
accumulate; (fonctions) hold concurrently.

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cure
nf
(course of) treatment.

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curé
nm
(parish) priest.

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cure-dent
(pl ~s ) nm
toothpick.

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curer
vt
clean.

se ~ vpr se ~ les dents/ongles clean one's teeth/nails.

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curieux
-ieuse a
curious. nm, f (badaud) onlooker.

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curiosité
nf
curiosity; (objet) curio; (spectacle) unusual sight.

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curriculum vitae
nm inv
curriculum vitae; (US) résumé.

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curseur
nm
cursor.

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cutané
~e a
skin.

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cuve
nf
vat; (à mazout, eau) tank.

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cuvée
nf
(de vin) vintage.

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cuvette
nf
bowl; (de lavabo) (wash) basin; (des cabinets) pan, bowl.

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CV
abrév m
(curriculum vitae ) CV.

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cyberbranché
~e a
cyberwired.

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cybercafé
nm
cybercafe.

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cyberespace
nm
cyberspace.

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cybernaute
nmf
Netsurfer.

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cybernétique
nf
cybernetics (+pl ) .

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cyclisme
nm
cycling.

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cycliste
nmf
cyclist. nm cycling shorts. a cycle.

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cyclone
nm
cyclone.

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cygne
nm
swan.

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cynique
a
cynical. nm cynic.

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D

d'
DE.

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d'abord
adv
first; (au début) at first.

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dactylo
nf
typist.

dactylographier vt type.

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dada
nm
hobby-horse.

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daim
nm
(fallow) deer; (cuir) suede.

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dallage
nm
paving.

dalle nf slab.

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daltonien
~ne a
colour-blind.

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dame
nf
lady; (cartes, échecs) queen; ~s (jeu) draughts; (US) checkers.

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damier
nm
draught board; (US) checker-board; à ~ chequered.

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damner
vt
damn.

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dandinerse
vpr
waddle.

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Danemark
nm
Denmark.

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danger
nm
danger; en ~ in danger; mettre en ~ endanger.

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dangereux
-euse a
dangerous.

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danois
~e a
Danish. nm (Ling) Danish.

D~, ~e nm, f Dane.

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dans
prép
in; (mouvement) into; (à l'intérieur de) inside, in; être ~ un avion be on a plane; ~ dix jours in ten days' time; boire ~un verre drink out of a glass; ~ les 10 francs about 10 francs.

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danse
nf
dance; (art) dancing.

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danser
vt/i
dance.

danseur, -euse nm, f dancer.

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darne
nf
steak (of fish) .

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date
nf
date; ~ limite deadline; ~ limite de vente sell-by date; ~ de péremption use-by date.

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dater
vt/i
date; à ~ de as from.

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datte
nf
(fruit) date.

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daube
nf
casserole.

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dauphin
nm
(animal) dolphin.

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davantage
adv
more; (plus longtemps) longer; ~ de more; je n'en sais pas ~ that's as much as I know.

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de,
d' before vowel or mute h. préposition
of; le livre ~ mon ami my friend's book; un pont ~ fer an iron bridge.
(provenance) from.
(temporel) from; ~ 8 heures à 10 heures from 8 till 10.
(mesure, manière) dix mètres ~ haut ten metres high; pleurer ~ rage cry with rage.
(agent) by; un livre ~ Marcel Aymé a book by Marcel Aymé.

de, de l', de la, du (pl des ) déterminant
some; du pain (some) bread; des fleurs (some) flowers; je ne bois jamais ~ vin I never drink wine.
de + le = du
de + les = des

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dé
nm
(à jouer) dice; (à coudre) thimble; ~s (jeu) dice.

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débâcle
nf
(Géog) breaking up; (Mil) rout.

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déballer
vt
unpack; (révéler) spill out.

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débarbouiller
vt
wash the face of.

se ~ vpr wash one's face.

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débarcadère
nm
landing-stage.

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débardeur
nm
(vêtement) tank top.

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débarquement
nm
disembarkation.

débarquer vt/i disembark, land; (arriver !) turn up.

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débarras
nm
junk room; bon ~ ! good riddance !

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débarrasser
vt
clear (de of ) ~ qn de relieve sb of; (défaut, ennemi) rid sb of.

se ~ de vpr get rid of.

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débat
nm
debate.

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débattre
vt
debate. vi ~ de discuss.

se ~ vpr struggle (to get free) .

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débauche
nf
debauchery; (fig) profusion.

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débaucher
vt
(licencier) lay off; (distraire) tempt away.

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débile
a
weak; fam stupid. nmf moron fam.

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débit
nm
(rate of) flow; (élocution) delivery; (de compte) debit; ~ de tabac tobacconist's shop; ~ de boissons bar.

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débiter
vt
(compte) debit; (fournir) produce; (vendre) sell; (dire: péj) spout; (couper) cut up.

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débiteur
-trice nm, f
debtor. a (compte) in debit.

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déblayer
vt
clear.

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déblocage
nm
(de prix) deregulating.

débloquer vt (prix, salaires) unfreeze.

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déboiser
vt
clear (of trees) .

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déboîter
vi
(véhicule) pull out. vt (membre) dislocate.

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débordement
nm
(de joie) excess.

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déborder
vi
overflow. vt (dépasser) extend beyond; ~ de (joie etc.) be brimming over with.

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débouché
nm
opening; (carrière) prospect; (Comm) outlet; (sortie) end, exit.

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déboucher
vt
(bouteille) uncork; (évier) unblock. vi come out (de from ) ~ sur (rue) lead into.

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débourser
vt
pay out.

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debout
adv
standing; (levé, éveillé) up; être ~ se tenir ~ be standing, stand; se mettre ~ stand up.

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déboutonner
vt
unbutton.

se ~ vpr unbutton oneself; (vêtement) come undone.

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débrancher
vt
(prise) unplug; (système) disconnect.

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débrayer
vi
(Auto) declutch; (faire grève) stop work.

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débris
nmpl
fragments; (détritus) rubbish (+sg ) debris.

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débrouillard
~e a
fam resourceful.

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débrouiller
vt
disentangle; (problème) solve.

se ~ vpr manage.

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début
nm
beginning; faire ses ~s (en public) make one's début; à mes ~s when I started out.

débutant, ~e nm, f beginner.

débuter vi begin; (dans un métier etc.) start out.

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déca
nm
fam decaf.

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deçà:
en ~ loc
this side. prép en ~ de this side of.

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décacheter
vt
open.

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décade
nf
ten days; (décennie) decade.

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décadent
~e a
decadent.

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décalage
nm
(écart) gap; ~ horaire time difference.

décaler vt shift.

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décalquer
vt
trace.

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décamper
vi
clear off.

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décanter
vt
allow to settle.

se ~ vpr settle.

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décapant
nm
chemical agent; (pour peinture) paint stripper. a (humour) caustic.

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décapotable
a
convertible.

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décapsuleur
nm
bottle-opener.

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décédé
~e a
deceased.

décéder vi die.

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déceler
vt
detect; (démontrer) reveal.

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décembre
nm
December.

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décemment
adv
decently.

décence nf decency.

décent, ~e a decent.

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décennie
nf
decade.

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décentralisation
nf
decentralization.

décentraliser vt decentralize.

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déception
nf
disappointment.

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décerner
vt
award.

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décès
nm
death.

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décevant
~e a
disappointing.

décevoir vt disappoint.

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déchaîner
vt
(enthousiasme) rouse.

se ~ vpr go wild.

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décharge
nf
(de fusil) discharge; ~ électrique electric shock; ~ publique municipal dump.

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décharger
vt
unload; ~ qn de relieve sb from.

se ~ vpr (batterie, pile) go flat.

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déchausserse
vpr
take off one's shoes; (dent) work loose.

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dèche
nf
fam dans la ~ broke.

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déchéance
nf
decay.

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déchet
nm
(reste) scrap; (perte) waste; ~s (ordures) refuse.

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déchiffrer
vt
decipher.

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déchiqueter
vt
tear to shreds.

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déchirement
nm
heartbreak; (conflit) split.

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déchirer
vt
(par accident) tear; (lacérer) tear up; (arracher) tear off ou out; (diviser) tear apart.

se ~ vpr tear.

déchirure nf tear.

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décibel
nm
decibel.

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décidément
adv
really.

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décider
vt
decide on; (persuader) persuade; ~ que/de decide that/to; ~ de qch decide on sth.

se ~ vpr make up one's min (à to ) .

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décimal
~e (mpl ~aux ) a & nf
decimal.

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décisif
-ive a
decisive.

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décision
nf
decision.

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déclaration
nf
declaration; (commentaire politique) statement; ~ d'impôts tax return.

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déclarer
vt
declare; (naissance) register; déclaré coupable found guilty; ~ forfait (Sport) withdraw.

se ~ vpr (feu) break out.

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déclencher
vt
(Tech) set off; (conflit) spark off; (avalanche) start; (rire) provoke.

se ~ vpr (Tech) go off.

déclencheur nm (Photo) shutter release.

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déclic
nm
click.

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déclin
nm
decline.

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déclinaison
nf
(Ling) declension.

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décliner
vt
(refuser) decline; (dire) state; (Ling) decline.

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décocher
vt
(coup) fling; (regard) shoot.

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décollage
nm
take-off.

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décoller
vt
unstick. vi (avion) take off.

se ~ vpr come off.

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décolleté
~e a
lowcut. nm low neckline.

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décolorer
vt
fade; (cheveux) bleach.

se ~ vpr fade.

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décombres
nmpl
rubble.

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décommander
vt
cancel.

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décomposer
vt
break up; (substance) decompose.

se ~ vpr (pourrir) decompose.

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décompte
nm
deduction; (détail) breakdown.

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décongeler
vt
thaw.

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déconseillé
~e a
not recommended, inadvisable.

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déconseiller
vt
~ qch à qn advise sb against sth.

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décontracté
~e a
relaxed.

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déconvenue
nf
disappointment.

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décor
nm
(paysage) scenery; (de cinéma, théâtre) set; (cadre) setting; (de maison) décor.

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décoratif
-ive a
decorative.

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décorateur
-trice nm, f
(de cinéma) set designer.

décoration nf decoration.

décorer vt decorate.

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décortiquer
vt
shell; (fig) dissect.

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découdrese
vpr
come unstitched.

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découler
vi
~ de follow from.

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découper
vt
cut up; (viande) carve; (détacher) cut out.

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découragement
nm
discouragement.

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décourager
vt
discourage.

se ~ vpr become discouraged.

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décousu
~e a
(vêtement) which has come unstitched; (idées) disjointed.

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découvert
~e a
(tête) bare; (terrain) open. nm (de compte) overdraft; à ~ exposed; (fig) openly.

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découverte
nf
discovery; à la ~ de in search of.

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découvrir
vt
discover; (voir) see; (montrer) reveal.

se ~ vpr (se décoiffer) take one's hat off; (ciel) clear.

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décrasser
vt
clean.

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décrépit
~e a
decrepit.

décrépitude nf decay.

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décret
nm
decree.

décréter vt order; (dire) declare.

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décrié
~e a
criticized.

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décrire
vt
describe.

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décroché
~e a
(téléphone) off the hook.

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décrocher
vt
unhook; (obtenirfam) get. vi (abandonnerfam) give up; ~ ( le téléphone ) pick up the phone.

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décroître
vi
decrease.

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déçu
~e a
disappointed.

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décupler
vt/i
increase tenfold.

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dédaigner
vt
scorn.

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dédain
nm
scorn.

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dédale
nm
maze.

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dedans
adv & nm
inside; en ~ on the inside.

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dédicacer
vt
dedicate; (signer) sign.

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dédier
vt
dedicate.

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dédommagement
nm
compensation.

dédommager vt compensate (de for ) .

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déduction
nf
deduction; ~ d'impôts tax deduction.

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déduire
vt
deduct; (conclure) deduce.

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déesse
nf
goddess.

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défaillance
nf
(panne) failure; (évanouissement) blackout.

défaillant, ~e a (système) faulty; (personne) faint.

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défaire
vt
undo; (valise) unpack; (démonter) take down.

se ~ vpr come undone; se ~ de rid oneself of.

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défait
~e a
(cheveux) ruffled; (visage) haggard; (nœud) undone.

défaite nf defeat.

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défaitiste
a & nmf
defeatist.

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défalquer
vt
(somme) deduct.

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défaut
nm
fault, defect; (d'un verre, diamant, etc.) flaw; (pénurie) shortage; à ~ de for lack of; pris en ~ caught out; faire ~ (argent etc.) be lacking; par ~ (Jur) in one's absence; ~ de paiement non-payment.

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défavorable
a
unfavourable.

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défavoriser
vt
discriminate against.

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défectueux
-euse a
faulty, defective.

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défendre
vt
defend; (interdire) forbid; ~ à qn de forbid sb to.

se ~ vpr defend oneself; (se protéger) protect oneself; (se débrouiller) manage; se ~ de (refuser) refrain from.

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défense
nf
defence; ~ de fumer no smoking; (d'éléphant) tusk.

défenseur nm defender.

défensif, -ive a defensive.

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déferler
vi
(vagues) break; (violence) erupt.

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défi
nm
challenge; (provocation) defiance; mettre au ~ challenge.

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déficience
nf
deficiency.

déficient, ~e a deficient.

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déficit
nm
deficit.

défi- citaire a in deficit.

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défier
vt
challenge; (braver) defy.

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défilé
nm
procession; (Mil) parade; (fig) (continual) stream; (Géog) gorge; ~ de mode fashion parade.

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défiler
vi
march; (visiteurs) stream; (images) flash by; (chiffres, minutes) add up.

se ~ vpr fam sneak off.

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défini
~e a
(Ling) definite.

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définir
vt
define.

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définitif
-ive a
final, definitive; en définitive in the end.

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définition
nf
definition; (de mots croisés) clue.

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définitivement
adv
definitively, permanently.

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déflagration
nf
explosion.

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déflation
nf
deflation.

déflationniste a deflationary.

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défoncé
~e a
(terrain) full of potholes; (siège) broken; (droguéfam) : high.

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défoncer
vt
(porte) break down; (mâchoire) break.

se ~ vpr fam to give one's all.

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déformation
nf
distortion.

déformer vt put out of shape; (faits, pensée) distort.

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défoulerse
vpr
let off steam.

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défrayer
vt
(payer) pay the expenses of; ~ la chronique be the talk of the town.

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défricher
vt
clear.

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défroisser
vt
smooth out.

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défunt
~e a
(mort) late. nm, f deceased.

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dégagé
~e a
(ciel) clear; (front) bare; d'un ton ~ casually.

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dégagement
nm
clearing; (football) clearance.

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dégager
vt
(exhaler) give off; (désencombrer) clear; (faire ressortir) bring out; (ballon) clear.

se ~ vpr free oneself; (ciel, rue) clear; (odeur) emanate.

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dégarnirse
vpr
clear, empty; (personne) be going bald.

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dégâts
nmpl
damage (+sg ) .

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dégel
nm
thaw.

dégeler vi thaw (out) .

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dégénéré
~e a & nm,f
degenerate.

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dégivrer
vt
(Auto) de-ice; (réfrigérateur) defrost.

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déglinguer
fam vt
bust.

se ~ vpr break down.

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dégonflé
~e a
(pneu) flat; (lâchefam) yellow.

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dégonfler
vt
deflate. vi (blessure) go down.

se ~ vpr fam chicken out.

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dégouliner
vi
trickle.

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dégourdi
~e a
smart.

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dégourdir
vt
(membre, liquide) warm up.

se ~ vpr se ~ les jambes stretch one's legs.

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dégoût
nm
disgust.

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dégoûtant
~e a
disgusting.

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dégoûter
vt
disgust; ~ qn de qch put sb off sth.

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dégradant
~e a
degrading.

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dégradation
nf
damage; commettre des ~s cause damage.

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dégrader
vt
(abîmer) damage.

se ~ vpr (se détériorer) deteriorate.

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dégrafer
vt
unhook.

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degré
nm
degree; (d'escalier) step.

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dégressif
-ive a
graded; tarif ~ tapering charge.

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dégrèvement
nm
~ fiscal ou d'impôts tax reduction.

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dégringolade
nf
tumble.

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dégrossir
vt
(bois) trim; (projet) rough out.

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déguerpir
vi
clear off.

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dégueulasse
a
sl disgusting, lousy.

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dégueuler
vt
sl throw up.

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déguisement
nm
(de carnaval) fancy dress; (pour duper) disguise.

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déguiser
vt
dress up; (pour duper) disguise.

se ~ vpr (au carnaval etc.) dress up; (pour duper) disguise oneself.

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déguster
vt
taste, sample; (savourer) enjoy.

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dehors
adv
en ~ de outside; (hormis) apart from; jeter / mettre ~ throw/put out. nm outside. nmpl (aspect de qn) exterior.

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déjà
adv
already; (avant) before, already.

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déjeuner
vi
have lunch; (le matin) have breakfast. nm lunch; petit ~ breakfast.

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delà
adv & prép
au ~ (de) par ~ beyond.

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délai
nm
time-limit; (attente) wait; (sursis) extension (of time) sans ~ immediately; dans un ~ de 2 jours within 2 days; finir dans les ~s finish within the deadline; dans les plus brefs ~s as soon as possible.

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délaisser
vt
(négliger) neglect.

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délassement
nm
relaxation.

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délation
nf
informing.

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délavé
~e a
faded.

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délayer
vt
mix (with liquid) (idée) drag out.

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délecter
(se ) vpr
se ~ de delight in.

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délégué
~e nm, f
delegate.

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délibéré
~e a
deliberate; (résolu) determined.

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délicat
~e a
delicate; (plein de tact) tactful.

délicatesse nf delicacy; (tact) tact.

délicatesses nfpl (kind) attentions.

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délice
nm
delight.

délicieux, -ieuse a (au goût) delicious; (charmant) delightful.

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délier
vt
untie; (délivrer) free.

se ~ vpr come untied.

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délimiter
vt
determine, demarcate.

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délinquance
nf
delinquency.

délinquant, ~e a & nm, f delinquent.

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délirant
~e a
delirious; (frénétique) frenzied; fam wild.

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délire
nm
delirium; (fig) frenzy.

délirer vi be delirious (de with ) fambe off one's rocker fam.

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délit
nm
offence.

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délivrance
nf
release; (soulagement) relief; (remise) issue.

délivrer vt free, release; (pays) liberate; (remettre) issue.

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déloyal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
disloyal; (procédé) unfair.

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deltaplane
nm
hangglider.

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déluge
nm
downpour; le D~ the Flood.

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démagogie
nm
demagogy.

démagogue nmf demagogue.

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demain
adv
tomorrow.

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demande
nf
request; ~ d'emploi job application; ~ en mariage marriage proposal.

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demander
vt
ask for; (chemin, heure) ask; (nécessiter) require; ~ que/si ask that/if; ~ qch à qn ask sb sth; ~ à qn de ask sb to; ~ en mariage propose to.

se ~ vpr se ~ si/où wonder if/where.

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demandeur
-euse nm, f
~ d'emploi job seeker; ~ d'asile asylum-seeker.

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démangeaison
nf
itch (ing) .

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démanteler
vt
break up.

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démaquillant
nm
make-up remover.

démaquiller (se) vpr remove one's make-up.

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démarchage
nm
door-to-door selling.

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démarche
nf
walk, gait; (procédé) step.

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démarcheur
-euse nm, f
(door-to-door) canvasser.

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démarrage
nm
start.

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démarrer
vi
(moteur) start (up) (partir) move off; (fig) get moving. vt fam get moving.

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démarreur
nm
starter.

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démêlant
nm
conditioner.

démêler vt disentangle.

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déménagement
nm
move; (transport) removal.

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déménager
vi
move (house) . vt (meubles) remove.

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déménageur
nm
removal man.

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démence
nf
insanity.

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démener
(se) vpr
move about wildly; (fig) put oneself out.

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dément
~e a
insane. nm, f lunatic.

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démenti
nm
denial.

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démentir
vt
deny; (contredire) refute; ~ que deny that.

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démerder
(se) vpr
sl manage.

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démettre
vt
(poignet etc.) dislocate; ~ qn de relieve sb of.

se ~ vpr resign (de from ) .

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demeure
nf
residence; mettre en ~ de order to.

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demeurer
vi
live; (rester) remain.

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demi
~e a
half (-) . nm, f half. nm (bière) (half-pint) glass of beer; (football) half-back. adv à ~ half; (ouvrir, fermer) halfway; à la ~e at half past; une heure et ~e an hour and a half; (à l'horloge) half past one; une ~-journée/-livre half a day/pound.

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demi-cercle
(pl ~s ) nm
semicircle.

demi-finale (pl ~s ) nf semifinal.

demi-frère (pl ~s ) nm half-brother, stepbrother.

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demi-heure
(pl ~s ) nf
half-hour, half an hour.

demi-litre (pl ~s ) nm half a litre.

demi-mesure (pl ~s ) nf half-measure.

à demimot adv without having to express every word.

demipension nf half-board.

demiqueue nm boudoir grand piano.

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demi-sel
a inv
slightly salted.

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demi-s?ur
(pl ~s ) nf
half-sister, stepsister.

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démission
nf
resignation.

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demi-tarif
(pl ~s ) nm
half-fare.

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demi-tour
(pl ~s ) nm
about turn; (Auto) U-turn; faire ~ turn back.

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démocrate
nmf
democrat. a democratic.

démocratie nf democracy.

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démodé
~e a
oldfashioned.

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demoiselle
nf
young lady; (célibataire) single lady; ~ d'honneur bridesmaid.

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démolir
vt
demolish.

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démon
nm
demon; le D~ the Devil.

démoniaque a fiendish.

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démonstration
nf
demonstration; (de force) show.

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démonter
vt
take apart, dismantle; (installation) take down; (fig) disconcert.

se ~ vpr come apart.

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démontrer
vt
demonstrate; (indiquer) show.

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démoraliser
vt
demoralize.

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démuni
~e a
impoverished; ~ de without.

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démunir
vt
~ de deprive of.

se ~ de vpr part with.

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dénaturer
vt
(faits) distort.

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dénigrement
nm
denigration.

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dénivellation
nf
(pente) slope.

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dénombrer
vt
count.

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dénomination
nf
designation.

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dénommé
~e nm, f
le ~ X the said X.

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dénoncer
vt
denounce.

se ~ vpr give oneself up.

dénonciateur, -trice nm, f informer.

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dénouement
nm
outcome; (Théât) dénouement.

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dénouer
vt
undo.

se ~ vpr (nœud) come undone.

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dénoyauter
vt
stone.

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denrée
nf
~ alimentaire foodstuff.

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dense
a
dense.

densité nf density.

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dent
nf
tooth; faire ses ~s teethe; ~ de lait milk tooth; ~ de sagesse wisdom tooth; (de roue) cog.

dentaire a dental.

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denté
~e a
(roue) toothed

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dentelé
~e a
jagged.

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dentelle
nf
lace.

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dentier
nm
dentures (+pl ) false teeth (+pl ) .

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dentifrice
nm
toothpaste.

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dentiste
nmf
dentist.

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dentition
nf
teeth, dentition.

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dénudé
~e a
bare.

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dénué
~e a
~ de devoid of.

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dénuement
nm
destitution.

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déodorant
nm
deodorant.

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dépannage
nm
repair; (Ordinat) troubleshooting.

dépanner vt repair; (fig) help out.

dépanneuse nf breakdown lorry.

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dépareillé
~e a
odd, not matching.

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départ
nm
departure; (Sport) start; au ~ de Nice from Nice; au ~ (d'abord) at first.

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département
nm
department.

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dépassé
~e a
outdated.

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dépasser
vt
go past, pass; (véhicule) overtake; (excéder) exceed; (rival) surpass; ça me dépasse fam it's beyond me. vi stick out.

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dépaysement
nm
change of scenery; (désagréable) disorientation.

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dépêche
nf
dispatch.

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dépêcher
vt
dispatch.

se ~ vpr hurry (up) .

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dépendance
nf
dependence; (à une drogue) dependency; (bâtiment) outbuilding.

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dépendre
vt
take down. vi depen (~ de on ) ~ de (appartenir à) belong to.

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dépens
nmpl
aux ~ de at the expense of.

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dépense
nf
expense; expenditure.

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dépenser
vt/i
spend; (énergie etc.) use up.

se ~ vpr get some exercise.

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dépérir
vi
wither.

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dépêtrerse
vpr
get oneself out (de of ) .

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dépeupler
vt
depopulate.

se ~ vpr become depopulated.

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déphasé
~e a
fam out of step.

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dépilatoire
a & nm
depilatory.

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dépistage
nm
screening.

dépister vt detect; (criminel) track down.

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dépit
nm
resentment; par ~ out of pique; en ~ de despite; en ~ du bon sens in a very illogical way.

dépité, ~e a vexed.

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déplacé
~e a
(remarque) uncalled for.

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déplacement
nm
(voyage) trip.

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déplacer
vt
move.

se ~ vpr move; (voyager) travel.

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déplaire
vi
~ à (irriter) displease; ça me déplaît I don't like it.

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déplaisant
~e a
unpleasant, disagreeable.

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dépliant
nm
leaflet.

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déplier
vt
unfold.

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déploiement
nm
(démonstration) display; (militaire) deployment.

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déplorable
a
deplorable.

déplorer vt (trouver regrettable) deplore; (mort) lament.

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déployer
vt
(ailes, carte) spread; (courage) display; (armée) deploy.

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déportation
nf
(en 1940) internment in a concentration camp.

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déposer
vt
put down; (laisser) leave; (passager) drop; (argent) deposit; (plainte) lodge; (armes) lay down. vi (Jur) testify.

se ~ vpr settle.

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dépositaire
nmf
(Comm) agent.

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déposition
nf
(Jur) statement.

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dépôt
nm
(entrepôt) warehouse; (d'autobus) depot; (particules) deposit; (garantie) deposit; laisser en ~ give for safe keeping; ~ légal formal deposit of a publication with an institution.

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dépouille
nf
skin, hide; (~ mortelle ) mortal remains.

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dépouiller
vt
(courrier) open; (scrutin) count; (écorcher) skin; ~ qn de strip sb of.

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dépourvu
~e a
~ de devoid of; prendre au ~ catch unawares.

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déprécier
vt
depreciate.

se ~ vpr depreciate.

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déprédations
nfpl
damage (+sg ) .

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dépression
nf
depression; ~ nerveuse nervous breakdown.

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déprimer
vt
depress.

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depuis
préposition
(point de départ) since; ~ quand attendez-vous? how long have you been waiting?
(durée) for; ~ toujours always; ~ peu recently. adverbe
since; il a eu une attaque le mois dernier, ~ nous sommes inquiets he had a stroke last month and we've been worried ever since.

depuis que conjonction
since, ever since; Sophie a beaucoup changé depuis que Camille est née Sophie has changed a lot since Camille was born.

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député
nm
Member of Parliament.

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déraciné
-e nm, f
rootless person.

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déraillement
nm
derailment.

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dérailler
vi
be derailed; (figfam) be talking nonsense; faire ~ derail.

dérailleur nm (de vélo) derailleur.

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déraisonnable
a
unreasonable.

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dérangement
nm
bother; (désordre) disorder, upset; en ~ out of order; les ~s the fault reporting service.

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déranger
vt
(gêner) bother, disturb; (dérégler) upset, disrupt.

se ~ vpr (aller) go; (fig) put oneself out; ça te dérangerait de...? would you mind...?

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dérapage
nm
skid.

déraper vi skid; (fig) (prix) get out of control.

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déréglé
~e a
(vie) dissolute; (estomac) upset; (mécanisme) (that is) not running properly.

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dérégler
vt
make go wrong.

se ~ vpr go wrong.

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dérision
nf
mockery; tourner en ~ ridicule.

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dérive
nf
aller à la ~ drift.

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dérivé
nm
by-product.

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dériver
vi
(bateau) drift; ~ de stem from.

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dermatologie
nf
dermatology.

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dernier
-ière a
last; (nouvelles, mode) latest; (étage) top. nm, f last (one) ce ~ the latter; le ~ de mes soucis the least of my worries.

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dernièrement
adv
recently.

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dérober
vt
steal.

se ~ vpr slip away; se ~ à (obligation) shy away from.

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dérogation
nf
special authorization.

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déroger
vi
~ à depart from.

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déroulement
nm
(d'une action) development.

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dérouler
vt
(fil etc.) unwind.

se ~ vpr unwind; (avoir lieu) take place; (récit, paysage) unfold.

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déroute
nf
(Mil) rout.

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dérouter
vt
disconcert.

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derrière
prép & adv
behind. nm back, rear; (postérieurfam) behind fam de ~ (fenêtre) back, rear; (pattes) hind.

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des
DE.

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dès
prép
(right) from; ~ lors from then on; ~ que as soon as.

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désabusé
~e a
disillusioned.

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désaccord
nm
disagreement.

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désaffecté
~e a
disused.

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désagréable
a
unpleasant.

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désagrément
nm
annoyance, inconvenience.

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désaltérer
(se ) vpr
quench one's thirst.

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désamorcer
vt
(situation, obus) defuse.

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désapprobation
nf
disapproval.

désapprouver vt disapprove of.

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désarçonner
vt
throw.

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désarmement
nm
(Pol) disarmament.

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désarroi
nm
distress.

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désastre
nm
disaster.

désastreux, -euse a disastrous.

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désavantage
nm
disadvantage.

désavantager vt put at a disadvantage.

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désaveu
(pl ~x ) nm
denial.

désavouer vt deny.

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descendance
nf
descent; (enfants) descendants (+pl ) .

descendant, ~e nm, f descendant.

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descendre
vi
(aux être) go down; (venir) come down; (passager) get off ou out; (nuit) fall; ~ à pied walk down; ~ par l'ascenseur take the lift down; ~ de (être issu de) be descended from; ~ à l'hôtel go to a hotel; ~ dans la rue (Pol) take to the streets. vt (aux avoir) (escalier etc.) go ou come down; (objet) take down; (abattrefam) shoot down.

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descente
nf
descent; (à ski) downhill; (raid) raid; dans la ~ going downhill; ~ de lit bedside rug.

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descriptif
-ive a
descriptive.

description nf description.

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désemparé
~e a
distraught.

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désendettement
nm
reduction of the debt.

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déséquilibré
~e a
unbalanced; fam crazy. nm, f lunatic.

déséquilibrer vt throw off balance.

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désert
~e a
deserted. nm desert.

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déserter
vt/i
desert.

déserteur nm deserter.

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désertique
a
desert.

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désespérant
~e a
utterly disheartening.

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désespéré
~e a
in despair; (état, cas) hopeless; (effort) desperate.

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désespérer
vt
drive to despair. vi despair, lose hope; ~ de despair of.

se ~ vpr despair.

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désespoir
nm
despair; en ~ de cause as a last resort.

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déshabillé
~e a
undressed. nm négligee.

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déshabiller
vt
undress.

se ~ vpr get undressed.

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désherbant
nm
weedkiller.

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déshérité
~e a
(région) deprived; (personne) the underprivileged.

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déshériter
vt
disinherit.

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déshonneur
nm
disgrace.

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déshonorer
vt
dishonour.

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déshydrater
vt
dehydrate.

se ~ vpr get dehydrated.

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désigner
vt
(montrer) point to ou out; (élire) appoint; (signifier) designate.

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désillusion
nf
disillusionment.

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désinence
nf
(Gram) ending.

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désinfectant
nm
disinfectant.

désinfecter vt disinfect.

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désintéressé
~e a
(personne, acte) selfless.

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désintéresserse
vpr
se ~ de lose interest in.

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désintoxiquer
vt
detoxify; se faire ~ to undergo detoxification.

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désinvolte
a
casual.

désinvolture nf casualness.

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désir
nm
wish, desire; (convoitise) desire.

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désirer
vt
want; (sexuellement) desire; vous désirez? what would you like?

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désireux
-euse a
~ de faire anxious to do.

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désistement
nm
withdrawal.

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désobéir
vi
(~ à ) disobey.

désobéissant, ~e a disobedient.

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désobligeant
~e a
disagreeable, unkind.

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désodorisant
nm
air freshener.

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désodoriser
vt
freshen up.

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désœuvré
~e a
at a loose end.

désœuvrement nm lack of anything to do.

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désolation
nf
distress.

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désolé
~e a
(au regret) sorry; (région) desolate.

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désoler
vt
distress.

se ~ vpr be upset (de qch about sth ) .

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désopilant
~e a
hilarious.

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désordonné
~e a
untidy; (mouvements) uncoordinated.

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désordre
nm
untidiness; (Pol) disorder; en ~ untidy.

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désorganiser
vt
disorganize.

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désorienter
vt
disorient.

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désormais
adv
from now on.

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desquels
desquelles LEQUEL.

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dessécher
vt
dry out.

se ~ vpr dry out, become dry; (plante) wither.

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dessein
nm
intention; à ~ intentionally.

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desserrer
vt
loosen; il n'a pas desserré les dents he never once opened his mouth.

se ~ vpr come loose.

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dessert
nm
dessert; en ~ for dessert.

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desservir
vt/i
(débarrasser) clear away; (autobus) serve.

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dessin
nm
drawing; (motif) design; (discipline) art; (contour) outline; professeur de ~ art teacher; ~ animé (cinéma) cartoon; ~ humoristique cartoon.

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dessinateur
-trice nm, f
artist; (industriel) draughtsman.

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dessiner
vt/i
draw; (fig) outline.

se ~ vpr appear, take shape.

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dessoûler
vt/i
sober up.

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dessous
adv
underneath. nm underside, underneath. nmpl underwear; les ~ d'une histoire what is behind a story; du ~ bottom; (voisins) downstairs; en ~, par-~ underneath.

dessous-de-plat nm inv (heat resistant) table-mat.

dessous-de-table nm inv backhander.

dessous-de-verre nm inv coaster.

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dessus
adv
on top (of it) , on it. nm top; du ~ top; (voisins) upstairs; avoir le ~ get the upper hand.

dessus-de-lit nm inv bedspread.

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destabiliser
vt
destabilize, unsettle.

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destin
nm
(sort) fate; (avenir) destiny.

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destinataire
nmf
addressee.

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destination
nf
destination; (fonction) purpose; vol à ~ de flight to.

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destinée
nf
destiny.

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destiner
vt
~ à intend for; (vouer) destine for; le commentaire m'est destiné this comment is aimed at me; être destinéà faire be intended to do; (obligé) be destined to do.

se ~ à vpr (carrière) intend to take up.

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destituer
vt
discharge.

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destructeur
-trice a
destructive.

destruction nf destruction.

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désuet
-ète a
outdated.

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détachant
nm
stain remover.

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détacher
vt
untie; (ôter) remove, detach; (déléguer) second.

se ~ vpr come off, break away; (nœud etc.) come undone; (ressortir) stand out.

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détail
nm
detail; (de compte) breakdown; (Comm) retail; au ~ (vendre etc.) retail; de ~ (prix etc.) retail; en ~ in detail; entrer dans les ~s go into detail.

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détaillant
~e nm, f
retailer.

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détaillé
~e a
detailed.

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détailler
vt
(rapport) detail; ~ ce que qn fait scrutinize what sb does.

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détaler
vi
fam bolt.

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détartrant
nm
descaler.

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détecter
vt
detect.

détecteur nm detector.

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détective
nm
detective.

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déteindre
vi
(dans l'eau) run (sur on to ) (au soleil) fade; ~ sur (fig) rub off on.

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détendre
vt
slacken; (ressort) release; (personne) relax.

se ~ vpr (ressort) slacken; (personne) relax.

détendu, ~e a (calme) relaxed.

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détenir
vt
hold; (secret, fortune) possess.

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détente
nf
relaxation; (Pol) détente; (saut) spring; (gâchette) trigger; être lent à la ~ fam be slow on the uptake.

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détenteur
-trice nm, f
holder.

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détention
nf
detention; ~ provisoire custody.

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détenu
~e nm, f
prisoner.

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détergent
nm
detergent.

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détérioration
nf
deterioration; (dégât) damage.

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détériorer
vt
damage.

se ~ vpr deteriorate.

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détermination
nf
determination.

déterminé, ~e a (résolu) determined; (précis) definite.

déterminer vt determine.

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déterrer
vt
dig up.

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détestable
a
(caractère, temps) foul.

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détester
vt
hate.

se ~ vpr hate each other.

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détonation
nf
explosion, detonation.

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détour
nm
(crochet) detour; (fig) roundabout means; (virage) bend.

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détournement
nm
hijack (ing) (de fonds) embezzlement.

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détourner
vt
(attention) divert; (tête, yeux) turn away; (avion) hijack; (argent) embezzle.

se ~ de vpr stray from.

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détraquer
vt
make go wrong; (estomac) upset.

se ~ vpr (machine) go wrong.

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détresse
nf
distress; dans la ~, en ~ in distress.

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détritus
nmpl
rubbish (+sg ) .

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détroit
nm
strait.

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détromper
vt
set straight.

se ~ vpr détrompe-toi ! you'd better think again !

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détruire
vt
destroy.

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dette
nf
debt.

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deuil
nm
(période) mourning; (décès) bereavement; porter le ~ be in mourning; faire son ~ de qch give sth up as lost.

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deux
a & nm
two; ~ fois twice; tous (les ~ ) both.

deuxième a & nmf second.

deux-pièces nm inv (maillot de bain) two-piece; (logement) two-room flat.

deux-points nm inv (Gram) colon.

deux-roues nm inv two-wheeled vehicle.

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dévaliser
vt
rob, clean out.

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dévalorisant
~e a
demeaning.

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dévaloriser
vt
(monnaie) devalue.

se ~ vpr (personne) put oneself down.

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dévaluation
nf
devaluation.

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dévaluer
vt
devalue.

se ~ vpr devalue.

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devancer
vt
be ou go ahead of; (arriver) arrive ahead of; (prévenir) anticipate.

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devant
prép
in front of; (distance) ahead of; (avec mouvement) past; (en présence de) in front of; (face à) in the face of; avoir du temps ~ soi have plenty of time. adv in front; (à distance) ahead; de ~ front. nm front; prendre les ~s take the initiative.

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devanture
nf
shop front; (vitrine) shop window.

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développement
nm
development; (de photos) developing.

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développer
vt
develop.

se ~ vpr (corps, talent) develop; (entreprise) grow, expand.

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devenir
vi
(aux être) become; qu'est-il devenu? what has become of him?

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dévergondé
~e a & nm,f
shameless (person) .

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déverser
vt
(liquide) pour; (ordures, pétrole) dump.

se ~ vpr (rivière) flow; (égout, foule) pour.

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dévêtir
vt
undress.

se ~ vpr get undressed.

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déviation
nf
diversion.

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dévier
vt
divert; (coup) deflect. vi (ballon, balle) veer; (personne) deviate.

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devin
nm
soothsayer.

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deviner
vt
guess; (apercevoir) distinguish.

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devinette
nf
riddle.

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devis
nm
estimate, quote.

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dévisager
vt
stare at.

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devise
nf
motto; ~s (monnaie) (foreign) currency.

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dévisser
vt
unscrew.

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dévitaliser
vt
(dent) carry out root canal treatment on.

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dévoiler
vt
reveal.

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devoir
verbe auxiliaire
~ faire (obligation, hypothèse) must do; (nécessité) have got to do; je dois dire que... I have to say that...; il a dû partir (nécessité) he had to leave; (hypothèse) he must have left.
(prévision) je devais lui dire I was to tell her; elle doit rentrer bientôt she's due back soon.
(conseil) tu devrais you should. verbe transitif
(argent, excuses) owe; combien je vous dois? (en achetant) how much is it?

se devoir verbe pronominal
je me dois de le faire it's my duty to do it. nom masculin
duty; faire son ~ do one's duty.
(Scol) ~ (surveillé) test; les ~s homework (+sg ) faire ses ~s do one's homework.

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dévorer
vt
devour.

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dévot
~e a
devout.

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dévoué
~e a
devoted.

dévouement nm devotion.

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dévouerse
vpr
devote oneself (à to ) (se sacrifier) sacrifice oneself.

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dextérité
nf
skill.

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diabète
nm
diabetes.

diabétique a & nmf diabetic.

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diable
nm
devil.

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diagnostic
nm
diagnosis.

diagnostiquer vt diagnose.

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diagonal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
diagonal.

diagonale nf diagonal; en ~e diagonally.

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diagramme
nm
diagram; (graphique) graph.

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dialecte
nm
dialect.

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dialogue
nm
dialogue.

dialoguer vi have talks, enter into a dialogue.

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diamant
nm
diamond.

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diamètre
nm
diameter.

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diapositive
nf
slide.

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diarrhée
nf
diarrhoea.

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dictateur
nm
dictator.

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dicter
vt
dictate.

dictée nf dictation.

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dictionnaire
nm
dictionary.

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dicton
nm
saying.

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dièse
nm
(Mus) sharp.

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diesel
nm & a inv
diesel.

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diète
nf
restricted diet.

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diététicien
~ne nm, f
dietician.

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diététique
nf
dietetics. a produit ou aliment ~ dietary product; magasin ~ health food shop ou store.

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dieu
(pl ~x ) nm
god; D~ God.

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diffamation
nf
slander; (par écrit) libel.

diffamer vt slander; (par écrit) libel.

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différé:
en ~ loc
(émission) pre-recorded.

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différemment
adv
differently.

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différence
nf
difference; à la ~ de unlike.

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différencier
vt
differentiate.

se ~ vpr differentiate oneself; se ~ de (différer de) differ from.

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différend
nm
difference (of opinion) .

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différent
~e a
different (de from ) .

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différer
vt
postpone. vi differ (de from ) .

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difficile
a
difficult; (exigeant) fussy.

difficilement adv with difficulty.

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difficulté
nf
difficulty; faire des ~s raise objections.

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diffus
~e a
diffuse.

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diffuser
vt
(émission) broadcast; (nouvelle) spread; (lumière, chaleur) diffuse; (Comm) distribute.

diffusion nf broadcasting; diffusion; distribution.

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digérer
vt
digest; (endurerfam) stomach.

digeste a digestible.

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digestif
-ive a
digestive. nm after-dinner liqueur.

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digital
~e (mpl -aux ) a
digital.

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digne
a
(noble) dignified; (approprié) worthy; ~ de worthy of; ~ de foi trustworthy.

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digue
nf
dyke; (US) dike.

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dilater
vt
dilate.

se ~ vpr dilate; (estomac) distend.

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dilemme
nm
dilemma.

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dilettante
nmf
amateur.

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diluant
nm
thinner.

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diluer
vt
dilute.

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dimanche
nm
Sunday.

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dimension
nf
(taille) size; (mesure) dimension; (aspect) dimension.

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diminuer
vt
reduce, decrease; (plaisir, courage) dampen; (dénigrer) diminish. vi (se réduire) decrease; (faiblir) (bruit, flamme) die down; (ardeur) cool.

diminutif nm diminutive; (surnom) pet name.

diminution nf decrease (de in ) (réduction) reduction; (affaiblissement) diminishing.

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dinde
nf
turkey.

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dîner
vi
have dinner. nm dinner.

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dingue
a
fam crazy.

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dinosaure
nm
dinosaur.

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diphtongue
nf
diphthong.

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diplomate
nmf
diplomat. a diplomatic.

diplomatique a diplomatic.

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diplôme
nm
certificate, diploma; (Univ) degree.

diplômé, ~e a qualified.

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dire
vt
say; (secret, vérité, heure) tell; (penser) think; ~ que say that; ~ à qn que tell sb that; ~ à qn de tell sb to; ça me dit de faire I feel like doing; on dirait que it would seem that, it seems that; dis/dites donc ! hey !

se ~ vpr (mot) be said; (penser) tell oneself; (se prétendre) claim to be. nm au ~ de, selon les ~s de according to.

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direct
~e a
direct. nm (train) express train; en ~ (émission) live.

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directeur
-trice nm, f
director; (chef de service) manager, manageress; (de journal) editor; (d'école) headteacher; (US) principal; ~ de banque bank manager; ~ commercial sales manager; ~ des ressources humaines human resources manager.

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direction
nf
(sens) direction; (de société) management; (Auto) steering; en ~ de (going) to.

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dirigeant
~e nm, f
(Pol) leader; (Comm) manager. a (classe) ruling.

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diriger
vt
(service, école, parti, pays) run; (entreprise, usine) manage; (travaux) supervise; (véhicule) steer; (orchestre) conduct; (braquer) aim; (tourner) turn.

se ~ vpr (s'orienter) find one's way; se ~ vers head for, make for.

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dis
DIRE .

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discernement
nm
discernment.

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disciplinaire
a
disciplinary.

discipline nf discipline.

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discontinu
~e a
intermittent.

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discordant
~e a
discordant.

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discothèque
nf
record library; (boîte de nuit) disco (thèque) .

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discours
nm
speech; (propos) views.

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discret
-ète a
discreet.

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discrétion
nf
discretion; à ~ (vin) unlimited; (manger, boire) as much as one desires.

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discrimination
nf
discrimination.

discriminatoire a discriminatory.

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disculper
vt
exonerate.

se ~ vpr vindicate oneself.

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discussion
nf
discussion; (querelle) argument.

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discutable
a
debatable; (critiquable) questionable.

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discuter
vt
discuss; (contester) question. vi (parler) talk; (répliquer) argue; ~ de discuss.

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disette
nf
food shortage.

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disgrâce
nf
disgrace.

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disgracieux
-ieuse a
ugly, unsightly.

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disjoindre
vt
take apart.

se ~ vpr come apart.

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disloquer
vt
(membre) dislocate; (machine) break (apart) .

se ~ vpr (parti, cortège) break up; (meuble) come apart.

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disparaître
vi
disappear; (mourir) die; faire ~ get rid of.

disparition nf disappearance; (mort) death.

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disparate
a
illassorted.

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disparu
~e a
missing. nm, f missing person; (mort) dead person.

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dispensaire
nm
clinic.

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dispense
nf
exemption.

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dispenser
vt
exempt (de from ) .

se ~ de vpr avoid.

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disperser
vt
(éparpiller) scatter; (répartir) disperse.

se ~ vpr disperse.

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disponibilité
nf
availability.

disponible a available.

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dispos
~e a
frais et ~ fresh and alert.

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disposé
~e a
bien/mal ~ in a good/bad mood; ~ à prepared to; ~ envers disposed towards.

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disposer
vt
arrange; ~ à (engager à) incline to. vi ~ de have at one's disposal.

se ~ à vpr prepare to.

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dispositif
nm
device; (ensemble de mesures) operation.

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disposition
nf
arrangement, layout; (tendance) tendency; ~s (humeur) mood; (préparatifs) arrangements; (mesures) measures; (aptitude) aptitude; mettre à la ~ de place ou put at the disposal of.

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disproportionné
~e a
disproportionate; ~ à out of proportion with.

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dispute
nf
quarrel.

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disputer
vt
(match) play; (course) run in; (prix) fight for; (gronderfam) tell off.

se ~ vpr quarrel; (se battre pour) fight over; (match) be played.

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disquaire
nmf
record dealer.

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disque
nm
(Mus) record; (Sport) discus; (cercle) disc, disk; (Ordinat) disk; ~ compact compact disc; ~ dur hard disk; ~ optique compact CD-ROM; ~ souple floppy disk.

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disquette
nf
floppy disk, diskette; ~ de sauvegarde back-up disk.

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disséminer
vt
spread, scatter.

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dissertation
nf
essay, paper.

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disserter
vi
~ sur speak about; (par écrit) write about.

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dissident
~e a & nm, f
dissident.

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dissimulation
nf
concealment; (fig) deceit.

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dissimuler
vt
conceal (à from ) .

se ~ vpr conceal oneself.

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dissipé
~e a
(élève) unruly.

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dissiper
vt
(fumée, crainte) dispel; (fortune) squander; (personne) distract.

se ~ vpr disappear; (élève) grow restless.

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dissolvant
nm
solvent; (pour ongles) nail polish remover.

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dissoudre
vt
dissolve.

se ~ vpr dissolve.

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dissuader
vt
dissuade (de from ) .

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dissuasion
nf
dissuasion; force de ~ deterrent force.

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distance
nf
distance; (écart) gap; à ~ at ou from a distance.

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distancer
vt
outdistance.

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distendre
vt
(estomac) distend; (corde) stretch.

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distinct
~e a
distinct.

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distinctif
-ive a
(trait) distinctive; (signe, caractère) distinguishing.

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distinction
nf
distinction; (récompense) honour.

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distinguer
vt
distinguish.

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distraction
nf
absent-mindedness; (passe-temps) entertainment, leisure; (détente) recreation.

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distraire
vt
amuse; (rendre inattentif) distract; ~ qn de qch take sb's mind off sth.

se ~ vpr amuse oneself.

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distrait
~e a
absentminded; (élève) inattentive.

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distrayant
~e a
entertaining.

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distribuer
vt
hand out, distribute; (répartir) distribute; (tâches, rôles) allocate; (cartes) deal; (courrier) deliver.

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distributeur
nm
(Auto, Comm) distributor; ~ (automatique) vending-machine; ~ de billets (de banque) cash dispenser.

distribution nf distribution; (du courrier) delivery; (acteurs) cast; (secteur) retailing.

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district
nm
district.

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dit1
dites DIRE .

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dit2
~e a
(décidé) agreed; (surnommé) known as.

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diurne
a
diurnal; (activité) daytime.

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divagations
nfpl
ravings.

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divergence
nf
divergence.

divergent, ~e a divergent.

diverger vi diverge.

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divers
~e a
(varié) diverse; (différent) various; (frais) miscellaneous; dépenses ~es sundries.

diversifier vt diversify.

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diversité
nf
diversity, variety.

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divertir
vt
amuse, entertain.

se ~ vpr amuse oneself; (passer du bon temps) enjoy oneself.

divertissement nm amusement, entertainment.

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dividende
nm
dividend.

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divin
~e a
divine.

divinité nf divinity.

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diviser
vt
divide.

se ~ vpr become divided; se ~ par sept be divisible by seven.

division nf division.

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divorce
nm
divorce.

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divorcé
~e a
divorced. nm, f divorcee.

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divorcer
vi
(d'avec) divorce.

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dix
(before consonant,before vowel) a & nm
ten.

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dix-huit
a & nm
eighteen.

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dixième
a & nmf
tenth.

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dix-neuf
a & nm
nineteen.

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dix-sept
a & nm
seventeen.

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docile
a
docile.

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docteur
nm
doctor.

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doctorat
nm
doctorate, PhD.

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document
nm
document.

documentaire a & nm documentary.

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documentaliste
nmf
information officer; (Scol) librarian.

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documentation
nf
information, literature; centre de ~ resource centre.

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documenté
~e a
well-documented.

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documenter
vt
provide with information.

se ~ vpr collect information.

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dodo
nm
faire ~ (langage enfantin) sleep.

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dodu
~e a
plump.

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dogmatique
a
dogmatic.

dogme nm dogma.

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doigt
nm
finger; un ~ de a drop of; montrer qch du ~ point at sth; à deux ~s de a hair's breadth away from; ~ de pied toe.

doigté nm (Mus) fingering, touch; (diplomatie) tact.

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dois
doit DEVOIR .

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doléances
nfpl
grievances.

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dollar
nm
dollar.

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domaine
nm
estate, domain; (fig) domain, field.

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domestique
a
domestic. nmf servant.

domestiquer vt domesticate.

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domicile
nm
home; à ~ at home; (livrer) to the home.

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domicilié
~e a
resident; être ~ à Paris live ou be resident in Paris.

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dominant
~e a
dominant.

dominante nf dominant feature.

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dominer
vt
dominate; (surplomber) tower over, dominate; (sujet) master; (peur) overcome. vi dominate; (équipe) be in the lead; (prévaloir) stand out.

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domino
nm
domino.

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dommage
nm
(tort) harm; (~s ) (dégâts) damage; c'est ~ it's a pity ou shame; quel ~ what a pity ou shame.

dommages-intérêts nmpl (Jur) damages.

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dompter
vt
tame.

dompteur, -euse nm, f tamer.

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DOM-TOM
abrév mpl
(départements et territoires d'outre-mer ) French overseas departments and territories.

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don
nm
(cadeau, aptitude) gift.

donateur, -trice nm, f donor.

donation nf donation.

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donc
conj
so, then; (par conséquent) so, therefore; quoi ~? what did you say?; tiens ~ ! fancy that !

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donjon
nm
(tour) keep.

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donné
~e a
(fixé) given; (pas cherfam) dirt cheap; étant ~ que given that.

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donnée
nf
(élément d'information) fact; ~s data.

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donner
vt
give; (vieilles affaires) give away; (distribuer) give out; (fruits, résultats) produce; (film) show; (pièce) put on; ça donne soif/faim it makes one thirsty/hungry; ~ qch à réparer take sth to be repaired; ~ lieu à give rise to. vi ~ sur look out on to; ~ dans tend towards.

se ~ à vpr devote oneself to; se ~ du mal go to a lot of trouble (pour faire to do ) .

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dont
pronom
(personne) la fille ~ je te parlais the girl I was telling you about; l'homme ~ la fille a dit... the man whose daughter said...
(chose) which, l'affaire ~ il parle the matter which he is referring to; la manière ~ elle parle the way she speaks; ce ~ il parle what he's talking about
(provenance) from which.
(parmi lesquels) deux personnes ~ toi two people, one of whom is you; plusieurs thèmes ~ l'identité et le racisme several topics including identity and racism.

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dopage
nm
(de cheval) doping; (d'athlète) illegal drug-use.

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doper
vt
dope.

se ~ vpr take drugs.

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doré
~e a
(couleur d'or) golden; (qui rappelle de l'or) gold; (avec de l'or) gilt; la jeunesse ~e gilded youth.

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dorénavant
adv
henceforth.

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dorer
vt
gild; (Culin) brown.

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dormir
vi
sleep; (être endormi) be asleep; ~ debout be asleep on one's feet; une histoire à ~ debout a cock-andbull story.

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dortoir
nm
dormitory.

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dorure
nf
gilding.

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dos
nm
back; (de livre) spine; à ~ de riding on; au ~ de (chèque) on the back of; de ~ from behind; ~ crawlé backstroke.

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dosage
nm
(mélange) mixture; (quantité) amount, proportions.

dose nf dose.

doser vt measure out; (contrôler) use in a controlled way.

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dossier
nm
(documents) file; (Jur) case; (de chaise) back; (TV, presse) special feature.

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dot
nf
dowry.

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douane
nf
customs.

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douanier
-ière a
customs. nm customs officer.

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double
a & adv
double. nm (copie) duplicate; (sosie) double; le ~ (de) twice as much ouas many (as) le ~ messieurs the men's doubles.

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doubler
vt
double; (dépasser) overtake; (vêtement) line; (film) dub; (classe) repeat; (cap) round. vi double.

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doublure
nf
(étoffe) lining; (acteur) understudy.

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douce
DOUX.

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doucement
adv
gently; (sans bruit) quietly; (lentement) slowly.

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douceur
nf
(mollesse) softness; (de climat) mildness; (de personne) gentleness; (friandise) sweet; (US) candy; en ~ smoothly.

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douche
nf
shower.

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doucher
vt
give a shower to.

se ~ vpr have ou take a shower.

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doudoune
nf
fam down jacket.

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doué
~e a
gifted; ~ de endowed with.

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douille
nf
(Électr) socket.

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douillet
~te a
cosy, comfortable; (personne: péj) soft. )

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douleur
nf
pain; (chagrin) sorrow, grief.

douloureux, -euse a painful.

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doute
nm
doubt; sans ~ no doubt; sans aucun ~ without doubt.

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douter
vt
~ de doubt; ~ que doubt that. vi doubt.

se ~ de vpr suspect; je m'en doutais I thought so.

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douteux
-euse a
dubious, doubtful.

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Douvres
npr
Dover.

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doux
douce a
(moelleux) soft; (sucré) sweet; (clément, pas fort) mild; (pas brusque, bienveillant) gentle.

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douzaine
nf
about twelve; (douze) dozen; une ~ d'œufs a dozen eggs.

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douze
a & nm
twelve.

douzième a & nmf twelfth.

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doyen
~ne nm, f
dean; (en âge) most senior person.

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dragée
nf
sugared almond.

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draguer
vt
(rivière) dredge; (fillesfam) chat up, try to pick up.

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drainer
vt
drain.

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dramatique
a
dramatic; (tragique) tragic. nf (television) drama.

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dramatiser
vt
dramatize.

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dramaturge
nmf
dramatist.

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drame
nm
(genre) drama; (pièce) play; (événement tragique) tragedy.

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drap
nm
sheet; (tissu) (woollen) cloth.

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drapeau
(pl ~x ) nm
flag.

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drap-housse
(pl drapshousses ) nm
fitted sheet.

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dressage
nm
training; (compétition équestre) dressage.

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dresser
vt
put up, erect; (tête) raise; (animal) train; (liste, plan) draw up; ~ l'oreille prick up one's ears.

se ~ vpr (bâtiment) stand; (personne) draw oneself up.

dresseur, -euse nm, f trainer.

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dribbler
vi
(Sport) dribble.

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drive
nm
(Ordinat) drive.

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drogue
nf
drug; la ~ drugs.

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drogué
~e nm, f
drug addict.

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droguer
vt
(malade) drug heavily; (victime) drug.

se ~ vpr take drugs.

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droguerie
nf
hardware shop.

droguiste nmf owner of a hardware shop.

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droit
~e a
(contraire de gauche) right; (non courbe) straight; (loyal) upright; angle ~ right angle. adv straight. nm right; ~ (s) (taxe) duty; le ~ (Jur) law; avoir ~ à be entitled to; avoir le ~ de be allowed to; être dans son ~ be in the right; ~ d'auteur copyright; ~ d'inscription registration fee; ~s d'auteur royalties.

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droite
nf
(contraire de gauche) right; à ~ on the right; (direction) (to the) right; la ~ the right (side) (Pol) the right (wing) (ligne) straight line.

droitier, -ière a right-handed.

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drôle
a
(amusant) funny; (bizarre) funny, odd.

drôlement adv funnily; (trèsfam) really.

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dru
~e a
thick; tomber ~ fall thick and fast.

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drugstore
nm
drugstore.

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du
DE.

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dû
due a
due. nm due; (argent) dues; ~ à due to. DEVOIR .

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duc
duchesse nm, f
duke, duchess.

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duo
nm
(Mus) duet; (fig) duo.

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dupe
nf
dupe.

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duplex
nm
split-level apartment; (US) duplex; (émission) link-up.

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duplicata
nm inv
duplicate.

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duquel
LEQUEL.

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dur
~e a
hard; (sévère) harsh, hard; (viande) tough; (col, brosse) stiff; ~ d'oreille hard of hearing. adv hard. nm, f tough nut fam (Pol) hardliner.

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durable
a
lasting.

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durant
prép
(au cours de) during; (avec mesure de temps) for; ~ des heures for hours; des heures ~ for hours and hours.

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durcir
vt
harden. vi (terre) harden; (ciment) set; (pain) go hard.

se ~ vpr harden.

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durée
nf
length; (période) duration; de courte ~ short-lived; pile longue ~ long-life battery.

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durer
vi
last.

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dureté
nf
hardness; (sévérité) harshness.

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duvet
nm
down; (sac) sleeping-bag.

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dynamique
a
dynamic.

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dynamite
nf
dynamite.

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dynamo
nf
dynamo.

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E

eau
(pl ~x ) nf
water; ~ courante running water; ~ de mer seawater; ~ de source spring water; ~ douce/salée fresh/salt water; ~ de pluie rainwater; ~ potable drinking water; ~ de Javel bleach; ~ minérale mineral water; ~ gazeuse sparkling water; ~ plate still water; ~ de toilette eau de toilette; ~x usées dirty water; ~x et forêts forestry commission (+sg ) tomber à l'~ (fig) fall through; prendre l'~ take in water.

eau-de-vie (pl eaux-devie ) nf brandy.

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ébahi
~e a
dumbfounded.

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ébauche
nf
(dessin) sketch; (fig) attempt.

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ébéniste
nm
cabinet-maker.

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éblouir
vt
dazzle.

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éboueur
nm
dustman.

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ébouillanter
vt
scald.

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éboulement
nm
landslide.

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ébouriffé
~e a
dishevelled.

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ébrécher
vt
chip.

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ébruiter
vt
spread about.

s'~ vpr get out.

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ébullition
nf
boiling; en ~ boiling.

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écaille
nf
(de poisson) scale; (de peinture, roc) flake; (matière) tortoiseshell.

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écarlate
a
scarlet.

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écarquiller
vt
~ les yeux open one's eyes wide.

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écart
nm
gap; (de prix) difference; (embardée) swerve; ~ de conduite lapse in behaviour; être à l'~ be isolated; se tenir à l'~ de stand apart from; (fig) keep out of the way of.

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écarté
~e a
(lieu) remote; les jambes ~es (with) legs apart; les bras ~s with one's arms out.

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écarter
vt
(séparer) move apart; (membres) spread; (branches) part; (éliminer) dismiss; ~ qch de move sth away from; ~ qn de keep sb away from.

s'~ vpr (s'éloigner) move away; (quitter son chemin) move aside; s'~ de stray from.

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ecchymose
nf
bruise.

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écervelé
~e a
scatterbrained. nm, f scatterbrain.

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échafaudage
nm
scaffolding; (amas) heap.

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échalote
nf
shallot.

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échancré
~e a
lowcut.

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échange
nm
exchange; en ~ (de) in exchange (for) .

échanger vt exchange (contre for ) .

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échangeur
nm
(Auto) interchange.

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échantillon
nm
sample.

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échappatoire
nf
way out.

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échappement
nm
exhaust.

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échapper
vi
~ à escape; (en fuyant) escape (from) ~ des mains de slip out of the hands of; ça m'a échappé (fig) it just slipped out; l'~ belle have a narrow ou lucky escape.

s'~ vpr escape.

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écharde
nf
splinter.

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écharpe
nf
scarf; (de maire) sash; en ~ (bras) in a sling.

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échasse
nf
stilt.

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échauffement
nm
(Sport) warm-up.

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échauffer
vt
heat; (fig) excite.

s'~ vpr warm up.

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échéance
nf
due date (for payment) (délai) deadline; (obligation) (financial) commitment.

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échéant:
le cas ~ loc
if need be.

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échec
nm
failure; ~s (jeu) chess; ~ et mat checkmate; tenir en ~ hold in check.

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échelle
nf
ladder; (dimension) scale.

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échelon
nm
rung; (hiérarchique) grade; (niveau) level.

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échevelé
~e a
dishevelled.

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écho
nm
echo; ~s (dans la presse) gossip.

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échographie
nf
(ultrasound) scan.

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échouer
vi
(bateau) run aground; (ne pas réussir) fail; ~ à un examen fail an exam. vt (bateau) ground.

s'~ vpr run aground.

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échu
~e a
(délai) expired.

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éclabousser
vt
splash.

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éclair
nm
(flash of) lightning; (fig) flash; (gâteau) éclair. a inv (visite) brief.

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éclairage
nm
lighting.

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éclaircie
nf
sunny interval.

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éclaircir
vt
lighten; (mystère) clear up.

s'~ vpr (ciel) clear; (mystère) become clearer.

éclaircissement nm clarification.

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éclairer
vt
light (up) (personne) (fig) enlighten; (situation) throw light on. vi give light.

s'~ vpr become clearer; s'~ à la bougie use candle-light.

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éclaireur
-euse nm, f
(boy) scout, (girl) guide. nm (Mil) scout.

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éclat
nm
fragment; (de lumière) brightness; (splendeur) brilliance; ~ de rire burst of laughter.

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éclatant
~e a
brilliant; (soleil) dazzling.

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éclater
vi
burst; (exploser) go off; (verre) shatter; (guerre) break out; (groupe) split up; ~ de rire burst out laughing.

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éclipse
nf
eclipse.

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éclosion
nf
hatching, opening.

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écluse
nf
(de canal) lock.

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écœurant
~e a
(gâteau) sickly; (fig) disgusting.

écœurer vt sicken.

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école
nf
school; ~ maternelle/primaire/secondaire nursery/primary/secondary school; ~ normale teachers' training college.

écolier, -ière nm, f schoolboy, schoolgirl.

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écologie
nf
ecology.

écologique a ecological, green.

écologiste nmf (chercheur) ecologist; (dans l'âme) environmentalist; (Pol) Green.

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économie
nf
economy; (discipline) economics; ~s (argent) savings; une ~ de (gain) a saving of.

économique a (Pol) economic; (bon marché) economical.

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économiser
vt/i
save.

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écorce
nf
bark; (de fruit) peel.

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écorcher
vt
(genou) graze; (animal) skin.

s'~ vpr graze oneself.

écorchure nf graze.

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écossais
~e a
Scottish.

É~, ~e nm, f Scot.

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Écosse
nf
Scotland.

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écoulement
nm
flow.

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écouler
vt
dispose of, sell.

s'~ vpr (liquide) flow; (temps) pass.

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écourter
vt
shorten.

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écoute
nf
listening; àl'~ (de) listening in (to) heures de grande ~ prime time; ~s téléphoniques phone tapping.

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écouter
vt
listen to. vi listen; ~ aux portes eavesdrop.

écouteur nm earphones (+pl ) (de téléphone) receiver.

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écran
nm
screen; ~ total sun-block.

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écraser
vt
crush; (piéton) run over; (cigarette) stub out.

s'~ vpr crash (contre into ) .

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écrémé
~e a
skimmed; demi-~ semi-skimmed.

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écrevisse
nf
crayfish.

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écrier
(s' ) vpr
exclaim.

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écrin
nm
case.

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écrire
vt/i
write; (orthographier) spell.

s'~ vpr (mot) be spelt.

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écrit
nm
document; (examen) written paper; par ~ in writing.

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écriteau
(pl ~x ) nm
notice.

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écriture
nf
writing; ~s (Comm) accounts.

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écrivain
nm
writer.

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écrou
nm
(Tech) nut.

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écroulers'
vpr
collapse.

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écru
~e a
(couleur) natural; (tissu) raw.

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écueil
nm
reef; (fig) danger.

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éculé
~e a
(soulier) worn at the heel; (fig) well-worn.

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écume
nf
foam; (Culin) scum.

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écumer
vt
skim. vi foam.

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écureuil
nm
squirrel.

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écurie
nf
stable.

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écuyer
-ère nm, f
(horse) rider.

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eczéma
nm
eczema.

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EDF
abrév f
(Électricité de France ) French electricity board .

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édifice
nm
building.

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édifier
vt
construct; (porter à la vertu) edify.

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Édimbourg
npr
Edinburgh.

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édit
nm
edict.

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éditer
vt
publish; (annoter) edit.

éditeur, -trice nm, f publisher; (réviseur) editor.

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édition
nf
(activité) publishing; (livre, disque) edition.

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éditique
nf
electronic publishing.

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éditorial
~e (pl -iaux ) a & nm
editorial.

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édredon
nm
eiderdown.

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éducateur
-trice nm, f
youth worker.

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éducatif
-ive a
educational.

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éducation
nf
(façon d'élever) upbringing; (enseignement) education; (manières) manners; ~ physique physical education.

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éduquer
vt
(élever) bring up; (former) educate.

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effacé
~e a
(modeste) unassuming.

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effacer
vt
(gommer) rub out; (à l'écran) delete; (souvenir) erase.

s'~ vpr fade; (s'écarter) step aside.

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effarer
vt
alarm; être effaré be astounded.

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effaroucher
vt
scare away.

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effectif
-ive a
effective. nm (d'école) number of pupils; ~s numbers.

effectivement adv effectively; (en effet) indeed.

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effectuer
vt
carry out, make.

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efféminé
~e a
effeminate.

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effervescent
~e a
comprimé ~ effervescent tablet.

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effet
nm
effect; (impression) impression; ~s (habits) clothes, things; sous l'~ d'une drogue under the influence of drugs; en ~ indeed; faire de l'~ have an effect, be effective; faire bon/ mauvais ~ make a good/bad impression; ça fait un drôle d'~ it feels strange.

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efficace
a
effective; (personne) efficient.

efficacité nf effectiveness; (de personne) efficiency.

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effleurer
vt
touch lightly; (sujet) touch on; ça ne m'a pas effleuré it did not cross my mind.

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effondrement
nm
collapse.

effondrer (s') vpr collapse.

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efforcer
(s') vpr
try (hard) (de to ) .

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effort
nm
effort.

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effraction
nf
entrer par ~ break in.

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effrayant
~e a
frightening; (fig) frightful.

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effrayer
vt
frighten; (décourager) put off.

s'~ vpr be frightened.

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effréné
~e a
wild.

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effriter
(s') vpr
crumble.

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effroi
nm
dread.

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effronté
~e a
cheeky. nm, f cheeky boy, cheeky girl.

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effroyable
a
dreadful.

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égal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
equal; (surface, vitesse) even. nm, f equal; ça m'est/lui est ~ it is all the same to me/him; sans ~ matchless; d'~ à ~ between equals.

également adv equally; (aussi) as well.

égaler vt equal.

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égaliser
vt/i
(Sport) equalize; (niveler) level out; (cheveux) trim.

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égalitaire
a
egalitarian.

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égalité
nf
equality; (de surface) evenness; être à ~ be level.

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égard
nm
consideration; ~s respect (+sg ) par ~ pour out of consideration for; à cet ~ in this respect; à l'~ de with regard to; (envers) towards.

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égarer
vt
mislay; (tromper) lead astray.

s'~ vpr get lost; (se tromper) go astray.

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égayer
vt
(personne) cheer up; (pièce) brighten up.

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église
nf
church.

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égoïsme
nm
selfishness, egoism.

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égoïste
a
selfish. nmf egoist.

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égorger
vt
slit the throat of.

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égout
nm
sewer.

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égoutter
vt
drain.

s'~ vpr (vaisselle) drain; (lessive) drip dry.

égouttoir nm draining-board.

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égratigner
vt
scratch.

égratignure nf scratch.

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Égypte
nf
Egypt.

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éjecter
vt
eject.

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élaboration
nf
elaboration.

élaborer vt elaborate.

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élan
nm
(animal) moose; (Sport) run-up; (vitesse) momentum; (fig) surge.

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élancé
~e a
slender.

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élancement
nm
twinge.

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élancers'
vpr
leap forward, dash; (arbre, édifice) soar.

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élargir
vt
(route) widen; (connaissances) broaden.

s'~ vpr (famille) expand; (route) widen; (écart) increase; (vêtement) stretch.

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élastique
a
elastic. nm elastic band; (tissu) elastic.

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électeur
-trice nm, f
voter.

élection nf election.

électoral, ~e (mpl -aux ) a (réunion) election.

électorat nm electorate, voters (+pl ) .

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électricien
~ne nm, f
electrician.

électricité nf electricity.

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électrifier
vt
electrify.

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électrique
a
electric; (installation) electrical.

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électrocuter
vt
electrocute.

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électroménager
nm
l'~ household appliances (+pl ) .

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électron
nm
electron.

électronicien, ~ne nm, f electronics engineer.

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électronique
a
electronic. nf electronics.

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élégance
nf
elegance.

élégant, ~e a elegant.

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élément
nm
element; (meuble) unit.

élémentaire a elementary.

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éléphant
nm
elephant.

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élevage
nm
(stock-) breeding.

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élévation
nf
rise; (hausse) rise; (plan) elevation; ~ de terrain rise in the ground.

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élève
nmf
pupil.

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élevé
~e a
high; (noble) elevated; bien ~ well-mannered.

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élever
vt
(lever) raise; (enfants) bring up, raise; (animal) breed.

s'~ vpr rise; (dans le ciel) soar up; s'~ à amount to.

éleveur, -euse nm, f (stock-) breeder.

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éligible
a
eligible.

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élimination
nf
elimination.

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éliminatoire
a
qualifying. nf (Sport) heat.

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éliminer
vt
eliminate.

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élire
vt
elect.

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elle
pron
she; (complément) her; (chose) it.

elle-même pron herself; itself.

elles pron they; (complément) them.

elles-mêmes pron themselves.

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élocution
nf
diction.

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éloge
nm
praise; faire l'~ de praise; ~s praise (+sg ) .

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éloigné
~e a
distant; ~ de far away from; parent ~ distant relative.

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éloigner
vt
take away ou remove (de from ) (danger) ward off; (visite) put off.

s'~ vpr go ou move away (de from ) (affectivement) become estranged (de from ) .

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élongation
nf
strained muscle.

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éloquent
~e a
eloquent.

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élu
~e a
elected. nm, f (Pol) elected representative.

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élucider
vt
elucidate.

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éluder
vt
evade.

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émacié
~e a
emaciated.

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émail
(pl -aux ) nm
enamel.

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émanciper
vt
emancipate.

s'~ vpr become emancipated.

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émaner
vi
emanate.

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emballage
nm
(dur) packaging; (souple) wrapping.

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emballer
vt
pack; (en papier) wrap; ça ne m'emballe pas fam I'm not really taken by it.

s'~ vpr (moteur) race; (cheval) bolt; (personne) get carried away; (prices) shoot up.

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embarcadère
nm
landing-stage.

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embarcation
nf
boat.

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embardée
nf
swerve.

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embarquement
nm
(de passagers) boarding; (de fret) loading.

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embarquer
vt
take on board; (frêt) load; (emporterfam) cart off. vi board.

s'~ vpr board; s'~ dans embark upon.

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embarras
nm
(gêne) embarrassment; (difficulté) difficulty.

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embarrasser
vt
(encombrer) clutter (up) (fig) embarrass.

s'~ de vpr burden oneself with.

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embauche
nf
hiring.

embaucher vt hire, take on.

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embaumer
vt
(pièce) fill; (cadavre) embalm. vi be fragrant.

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embellir
vt
make more attractive; (récit) embellish.

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embêtant
~e a
fam annoying.

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embêter
vt
bother.

s'~ vpr be bored.

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emblée:
d'~ loc
right away.

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emblème
nm
emblem.

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emboîter
vt
fit together; ~ le pas à qn (imiter) follow suit.

s'~ vpr fit together; (s') ~ dans fit into.

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embonpoint
nm
stoutness.

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embouchure
nf
(de fleuve) mouth; (Mus) mouthpiece.

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embourbers'
vpr
get stuck in the mud; (fig) get bogged down.

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embouteillage
nm
traffic jam.

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emboutir
vt
(Auto) crash into.

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embrasers'
vpr
catch fire.

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embrasser
vt
kiss; (adopter, contenir) embrace.

s'~ vpr kiss.

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embrayage
nm
clutch.

embrayer vi engage the clutch.

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embrouiller
vt
confuse; (fils) tangle.

s'~ vpr become confused.

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embryon
nm
embryo.

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embûches
nfpl
traps.

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embuers'
vpr
mist up.

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embuscade
nf
ambush.

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émeraude
nf
emerald.

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émerger
vi
emerge; (fig) stand out.

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émeri
nm
emery.

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émerveillement
nm
amazement, wonder.

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émerveiller
vt
fill with wonder.

s'~ vpr marvel at.

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émetteur
nm
transmitter.

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émettre
vt
(son) produce; (message) send out; (timbre, billet) issue; (opinion) express.

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émeute
nf
riot.

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émietter
vt
crumble.

s'~ vpr crumble.

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émigrant
~e nm, f
emigrant.

émigration nf emigration.

émigrer vi emigrate.

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émincer
vt
cut into thin slices.

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éminent
~e a
eminent.

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émissaire
nm
emissary.

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émission
nf
(programme) programme; (de chaleur, gaz) emission; (de timbre) issue.

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emmagasiner
vt
store.

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emmanchure
nf
armhole.

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emmêler
vt
tangle.

s'~ vpr get mixed up.

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emménager
vi
move in; ~ dans move into.

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emmener
vt
take; (comme prisonnier) take away.

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emmerder
sl vt
~ qn get on sb's nerves.

s'~ vpr be bored.

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emmitoufler
vt
wrap up warmly.

s'~ vpr wrap oneself up warmly.

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émoi
nm
turmoil; (plaisir) excitement.

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émotif
-ive a
emotional.

émotion nf emotion; (peur) fright.

émotionnel, ~le a emotional.

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émousser
vt
blunt.

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émouvant
~e a
moving.

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empailler
vt
stuff.

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empaqueter
vt
package.

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emparers'
vpr
s'~ de get hold of.

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empêchement
nm
avoir un ~ to be held up.

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empêcher
vt
prevent; ~ de faire prevent oustop (from) doing; (il) n'empêche que still.

s'~ vpr il ne peut pas s'en ~ he cannot help it.

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empereur
nm
emperor.

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empester
vt
stink out; (essence) stink of. vi stink.

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empêtrers'
vpr
become entangled.

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empiéter
vi
~ sur encroach upon.

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empiffrers'
vpr
fam stuff oneself.

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empiler
vt
pile up.

s'~ vpr pile up.

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empire
nm
empire.

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emplacement
nm
site.

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emplâtre
nm
(Méd) plaster.

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emploi
nm
(travail) job; (embauche) employment; (utilisation) use; un ~ de chauffeur a job as a driver; ~ du temps timetable.

employé, ~e nm, f employee.

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employer
vt
(personne) employ; (utiliser) use.

s'~ vpr be used; s'~ à devote oneself to.

employeur, -euse nm, f employer.

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empoigner
vt
grab.

s'~ vpr come to blows.

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empoisonnement
nm
poisoning.

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empoisonner
vt
poison; (embêterfam) annoy.

s'~ vpr to poison oneself.

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emporter
vt
take (away) (entraîner) sweep away; (arracher) tear off.

s'~ vpr lose one's temper; l'~ get the upper hand (sur of ) plat à ~ take-away.

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empoté
~e a
clumsy.

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empreinte
nf
mark; ~ (digitale) fingerprint; ~ de pas footprint.

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empressé
~e a
eager, attentive.

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empressers'
vpr
s'~ de hasten to; s'~ auprès de be attentive to.

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emprise
nf
influence.

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emprisonnement
nm
imprisonment.

emprisonner vt imprison.

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emprunt
nm
loan; faire un ~ take out a loan.

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emprunté
~e a
awkward.

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emprunter
vt
borrow (à from ) (route) take; (fig) assume.

emprunteur, -euse nm, f borrower.

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ému
~e a
moved; (intimidé) nervous.

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émule
nmf
imitator.

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en

Pour les expressions comme en principe, en train de, s'en aller etc. principe, train, aller , etc. préposition
(lieu) in.
(avec mouvement) to.
(temps) in.
(manière, état) in; ~ faisant by ou while doing; je t'appelle ~ rentrant I will call you when I get back.
(en qualité de) as.
(transport) by.
(composition) made of; table ~ bois wooden table. pronom
~ avoir/vouloir have/want some; ne pas ~ avoir/vouloir not have/want any; j'~ ai deux I've got two; prends-~ plusieurs take several; il m'~ reste un I have one left; j'~ suis content I am pleased with him/her/it/them; je m'~ souviens I remember it.
~ êtes-vous sûr? are you sure?

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encadrement
nm
framing; (de porte) frame.

encadrer vt frame; (entourer d'un trait) circle; (superviser) supervise.

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encaisser
vt
(argent) collect; (chèque) cash; (coupsfam) take.

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encart
nm
~ publicitaire (advertising) insert.

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en-cas
nm
(stand-by) snack.

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encastré
~e a
built-in.

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encaustique
nf
wax polish.

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enceinte
af
pregnant; ~ de 3 mois 3 months pregnant. nf enclosure; ~ (acoustique) speaker.

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encens
nm
incense.

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encercler
vt
surround.

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enchaînement
nm
(suite) chain; (d'idées) sequence.

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enchaîner
vt
chain (up) (phrases) link (up) . vi continue.

s'~ vpr follow on.

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enchanté
~e a
(ravi) delighted.

enchanter vt delight; (ensorceler) enchant.

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enchère
nf
bid; mettre ou vendre aux ~s sell by auction.

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enchevêtrer
vt
tangle.

s'~ vpr become tangled.

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enclave
nf
enclave.

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enclencher
vt
engage.

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enclin
~e a
~ à inclined to.

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enclos
nm
enclosure.

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enclume
nf
anvil.

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encoche
nf
notch.

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encolure
nf
neck.

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encombrant
~e a
cumbersome.

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encombre
nm
sans ~ without any problems.

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encombrement
nm
(Auto) traffic congestion; (volume) bulk.

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encombrer
vt
clutter (up) (obstruer) obstruct.

s'

~ de vpr burden oneself with.

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encontre:
à l'~ de loc
against.

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encore
adv
(toujours) still; (de nouveau) again; (de plus) more; (aussi) also; ~ plus grand even larger; ~ un café another coffee; pas ~ not yet; si ~ if only; et puis quoi ~? fam what next?

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encouragement
nm
encouragement.

encourager vt encourage.

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encourir
vt
incur.

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encrasser
vt
clog up (with dirt) .

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encre
nf
ink.

encrier nm ink-well.

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encyclopédie
nf
encyclopaedia.

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endettement
nm
debt.

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endetter
vt
put into debt.

s'~ vpr get into debt.

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endiguer
vt
dam; (fig) curb.

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endimanché
~e a
in one's Sunday best.

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endive
nf
chicory.

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endoctriner
vt
indoctrinate.

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endommager
vt
damage.

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endormi
~e a
asleep; (apathique) sleepy.

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endormir
vt
send to sleep; (médicalement) put to sleep; (duper) dupe (avec with ) .

s'~ vpr fall asleep.

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endosser
vt
(vêtement) put on; (assumer) take on; (Comm) endorse.

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endroit
nm
place; (de tissu) right side; à l'~ the right way round; par ~s in places.

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enduire
vt
coat.

enduit nm coating.

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endurance
nf
endurance.

endurant, ~e a tough.

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endurcir
vt
strengthen.

s'~ vpr become hard (ened) .

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endurer
vt
endure.

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énergétique
a
energy; (food) high-calorie.

énergie nf energy; (Tech) power.

énergique a energetic.

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énervant
~e a
irritating, annoying.

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énerver
vt
irritate.

s'~ vpr get worked up.

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enfance
nf
childhood; la petite ~ infancy.

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enfant
nmf
child.

enfantillage nm childishness.

enfantin, ~e a simple, easy; (puéril) childish; (jeu, langage) children's.

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enfer
nm
(Relig) Hell; (fig) hell.

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enfermer
vt
shut up.

s'~ vpr shut oneself up.

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enfiler
vt
(aiguille) thread; (vêtement) slip on; (rue) take.

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enfin
adv
(de soulagement) at last; (en dernier lieu) finally; (résignation, conclusion) well; ~ presque well nearly.

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enflammé
~e a
(Méd) inflamed; (discours) fiery; (lettre) passionate.

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enflammer
vt
set fire to.

s'~ vpr catch fire.

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enfler
vt
(histoire) exaggerate. vi (partie du corps) swell (up) (mer) swell; (rumeur, colère) spread.

s'~ vpr (colère) mount; (rumeur) grow.

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enfoncer
vt
(épingle) push ou drive in; (chapeau) push down; (porte) break down. vi sink.

s'~ vpr sink (dans into ) .

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enfouir
vt
bury.

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enfourcher
vt
mount.

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enfreindre
vt
infringe, break.

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enfuirs'
vpr
run away.

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enfumé
~e a
filled with smoke.

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engagé
~e a
committed.

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engagement
nm
(promesse) promise; (Pol, Comm) commitment.

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engager
vt
(lier) bind, commit; (embaucher) take on; (commencer) start; (introduire) insert; (investir) invest.

s'~ vpr (promettre) commit oneself; (commencer) start; (soldat) enlist; (concurrent) enter; s'~ à faire undertake to do; s'~ dans (voie) enter.

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engelure
nf
chilblain.

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engendrer
vt
(causer) generate.

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engin
nm
device; (véhicule) vehicle; (missile) missile.

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engloutir
vt
swallow (up) .

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engouement
nm
passion.

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engouffrer
vt
fam gobble up.

s'~ dans vpr rush in.

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engourdir
vt
numb.

s'~ vpr go numb.

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engrais
nm
manure; (chimique) fertilizer.

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engrenage
nm
gears (+pl ) (fig) spiral.

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engueuler
sl vt
shout at.

s'~ vpr have a row.

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enhardirs'
vpr
become bolder.

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énième
a
umpteenth.

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énigmatique
a
enigmatic.

énigme nf enigma; (devinette) riddle.

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enivrer
vt
intoxicate.

s'~ vpr get intoxicated.

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enjambée
nf
stride.

enjamber vt step over; (pont) span.

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enjeu
(pl ~x ) nm
stake.

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enjoué
~e a
cheerful.

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enlacer
vt
entwine.

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enlèvement
nm
(de colis) removal; (d'ordures) collection; (rapt) kidnapping.

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enlever
vt
remove (à from ) (vêtement) take off; (tache, organe) take out, remove; (kidnapper) kidnap; (gagner) win.

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enlisers'
vpr
get bogged down.

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enneigé
~e a
snow-covered.

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ennemi
~e a & nm
enemy; ~ de (fig) hostile to.

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ennui
nm
problem; (tracas) boredom; s'attirer des ~s run into trouble.

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ennuyer
vt
bore; (irriter) annoy; (préoccuper) worry; si cela ne t'ennuie pas if you don't mind.

s'~ vpr get bored.

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ennuyeux
-euse a
boring; (fâcheux) annoying.

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énoncé
nm
wording, text; (Gram) utterance.

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énoncer
vt
express, state.

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enorgueillirs'
vpr
s'~ de pride oneself on.

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énorme
a
enormous.

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enquête
nf
(Jur) investigation, inquiry; (sondage) survey; mener l'~ lead the inquiry.

enquêter vi ~ (sur) investigate.

enquêteur, -euse nm, f investigator.

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enquiquinant
~e a
fam irritating.

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enraciné
~e a
deep rooted.

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enragé
~e a
furious; (chien) rabid; (fig) fanatical.

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enrager
vi
be furious; faire ~ qn annoy sb.

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enregistrement
nm
recording; (des bagages) check-in.

enregistrer vt (Mus, TV) record; (mémoriser) take in; (bagages) check in.

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enrhumers'
vpr
catch a cold.

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enrichir
vt
enrich.

s'~ vpr grow rich (er) .

enrichissant, ~e a (expérience) rewarding.

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enrober
vt
coat (de with ) .

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enrôler
vt
recruit.

s'~ vpr enlist, enrol.

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enroué
~e a
hoarse.

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enrouler
vt
wind, wrap.

s'~ vpr wind; s'~ dans une couverture roll oneself up in a blanket.

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ensanglanté
~e a
bloodstained.

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enseignant
~e nm, f
teacher. a teaching.

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enseigne
nf
sign.

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enseignement
nm
(profession) teaching; (instruction) education.

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enseigner
vt/i
teach; ~ qch à qn teach sb sth.

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ensemble
adv
together. nm group; (Mus) ensemble; (vêtements) outfit; (cohésion) unity; (maths) set; dans l'~ on the whole; d'~ (idée) general; l'~ de (totalité) all of, the whole of.

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ensevelir
vt
bury.

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ensoleillé
~e a
sunny.

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ensorceler
vt
bewitch.

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ensuite
adv
next, then; (plus tard) later.

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ensuivres'
vpr
follow; et tout ce qui s'ensuit and all the rest of it.

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entaille
nf
cut; (profonde) gash; (encoche) notch.

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entamer
vt
start; (inciser) cut into; (ébranler) shake.

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entasser
vt
(livres) pile; (argent) hoard; (personnes) cram (dans into ) .

s'~ vpr (objets) pile up (dans into ) (personnes) squeeze (dans into ) .

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entendement
nm
understanding; ça dépasse l'~ it's beyond belief.

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entendre
vt
hear; (comprendre) understand; (vouloir dire) mean; ~ parler de hear of; ~ dire que hear that.

s'~ vpr (être d'accord) agree; s'~ (bien) get on (avec with ) cela s'entend of course.

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entendu
~e a
(convenu) agreed; (sourire, air) knowing; bien ~ of course; (c'est) ~ ! all right !

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entente
nf
understanding; bonne ~ good relationship.

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enterrement
nm
funeral.

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enterrer
vt
bury.

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en-tête
nm
heading; à ~ headed.

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entêté
~e a
stubborn.

entêtement nm stubbornness.

entêter (s') vpr persist (à, dans in ) .

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enthousiasme
nm
enthusiasm.

enthousiasmer vt fill with enthusiasm.

enthousiaste a enthusiastic.

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entichers'
vpr
s'~ de become infatuated with.

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entier
-ière a
whole; (absolu) absolute; (entêté) unyielding. nm whole; en ~ entirely.

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entonnoir
nm
funnel; (trou) crater.

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entorse
nf
sprain; (fig) ~ à (loi) infringement of.

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entortiller
vt
wind, wrap (autour around ) (duperfam) get round.

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entourage
nm
circle of family and friends; (bordure) surround.

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entouré
~e a
(personne) supported.

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entourer
vt
surround (de with ) (réconforter) rally round; ~ qch de mystère shroud sth in mystery.

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entracte
nm
interval.

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entraide
nf
mutual aid.

entraider (s') vpr help each other.

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entrain
nm
zest, spirit.

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entraînement
nm
(Sport) training.

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entraîner
vt
(emporter) carry away; (provoquer) lead to; (Sport) train; (actionner) drive.

s'~ vpr train.

entraîneur nm trainer.

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entrave
nf
hindrance.

entraver vt hinder.

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entre
prép
between; (parmi) among (st) ~ autres among other things; l'un d'~ nous/eux one of us/them.

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entrebâillé
~e a
ajar, half-open.

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entrechoquers'
vpr
knock against each other.

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entrecôte
nf
rib steak.

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entrecouper
vt
~ de intersperse with.

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entrecroisers'
vpr
(routes) intertwine.

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entrée
nf
entrance; (vestibule) hall; (accès) admission, entry; (billet) ticket; (Culin) starter; (Ordinat) tapez sur E~ press Enter; '~ interdite' 'no entry'.

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entrejambes
nm
crotch.

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entremets
nm
dessert.

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entremise
nf
intervention; par l'~ de through.

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entreposer
vt
store.

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entrepôt
nm
warehouse.

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entreprenant
~e a
(actif) enterprising; (séducteur) forward.

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entreprendre
vt
start on, undertake; (personne) buttonhole; ~ de faire undertake to do.

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entrepreneur
nm
(de bâtiment) contractor; (chef d'entreprise) firm manager.

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entreprise
nf
(projet) undertaking; (société) firm, business, company.

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entrer
vi
(aux être) go in, enter; (venir) come in, enter; ~ dans go ou come into, enter; (club) join; ~ en collision collide (avec with ) faire ~ (personne) show in; laisser ~ let in; ~ en guerre go to war. vt (données) enter.

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entre-temps
adv
meanwhile.

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entretenir
vt
(appareil) maintain; (vêtement) look after; (alimenter) (feu) keep going; (amitié) keep alive; ~ qn de converse with sb about.

s'~ vpr speak (de about; avec to ) .

entretien nm maintenance; (discussion) talk; (pour un emploi) interview.

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entrevoir
vt
make out; (brièvement) glimpse.

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entrevue
nf
meeting.

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entrouvert
~e a
ajar, half-open.

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énumération
nf
enumeration.

énumérer vt enumerate.

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envahir
vt
invade, overrun; (douleur, peur) overcome.

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enveloppe
nf
envelope; (emballage) wrapping; ~ budgétaire budget.

envelopper vt wrap (up) (fig) envelop.

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envergure
nf
wingspan; (importance) scope; (qualité) calibre.

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envers
prép
toward (s) , to. nm (de tissu) wrong side; à l'~ (tableau) upside down; (devant derrière) back to front; (chaussette) inside out.

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envie
nf
urge; (jalousie) envy; avoir ~ de qch feel like sth; avoir ~ de faire want to do; (moins urgent) feel like doing; faire ~ à qn make sb envious.

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envier
vt
envy.

envieux, -ieuse a envious.

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environ
adv
about.

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environnant
~e a
surrounding.

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environnement
nm
environment.

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environs
nmpl
vicinity; aux ~ de (lieu) in the vicinity of; (heure) round about.

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envisager
vt
consider; (imaginer) envisage; ~ de faire consider doing.

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envoi
nm
dispatch; (paquet) consignment; faire un ~ send; coup d'~ (Sport) kick-off.

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envolers'
vpr
fly away; (avion) take off; (papiers) blow away.

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envoyé
~e nm, f
envoy; ~ spécial special correspondent.

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envoyer
vt
send; (lancer) throw; ~ promener qn fam send sb packing fam.

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épais
~se a
thick.

épaisseur nf thickness.

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épaissir
vt/i
thicken.

s'~ vpr thicken; (mystère) deepen.

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épanoui
~e a
(personne) beaming, radiant.

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épanouirs'
vpr
(fleur) open out; (visage) beam; (personne) blossom.

épanouissement nm (éclat) blossoming, full bloom.

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épargne
nf
savings.

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épargner
vt/i
save; (ne pas tuer) spare; ~ qch à qn spare sb sth.

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éparpiller
vt
scatter.

s'~ vpr scatter; (fig) dissipate one's efforts.

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épars
~e a
scattered.

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épatant
~e a
fam amazing.

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épaule
nf
shoulder.

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épave
nf
wreck.

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épée
nf
sword.

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épeler
vt
spell.

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éperdu
~e a
wild, frantic.

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éperon
nm
spur.

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éphémère
a
ephemeral.

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épi
nm
(de blé) ear; (mèche) tuft of hair; ~ de maïs corn cob.

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épice
nf
spice.

épicé, ~e a spicy.

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épicerie
nf
grocery shop; (produits) groceries.

épicier, -ière nm, f grocer.

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épidémie
nf
epidemic.

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épiderme
nm
skin.

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épier
vt
spy on.

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épilepsie
nf
epilepsy.

épileptique a & nmf epileptic.

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épiler
vt
remove unwanted hair from; (sourcils) pluck.

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épilogue
nm
epilogue; (fig) outcome.

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épinard
nm
~s spinach (+sg ) .

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épine
nf
thorn, prickle; (d'animal) prickle, spine; ~ dorsale backbone.

épineux, -euse a thorny.

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épingle
nf
pin; ~ de nourrice ~ de sûreté safety-pin.

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épisode
nm
episode; à ~s serialized.

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épitaphe
nf
epitaph.

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épluche-légumes
nm inv
(potato) peeler.

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éplucher
vt
peel; (examiner: fig) scrutinize.

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épluchure
nf
~s peelings.

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éponge
nf
sponge.

éponger vt (liquide) mop up; (surface, front) mop; (fig) (dettes) wipe out.

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épopée
nf
epic.

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époque
nf
time, period; à l'~ at the time; d'~ period.

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épouse
nf
wife.

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épouser
vt
marry; (forme, idée) adopt.

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épousseter
vt
dust.

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épouvantable
a
appalling.

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épouvantail
nm
scarecrow.

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épouvante
nf
terror.

épouvanter vt terrify.

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époux
nm
husband; les ~ the married couple.

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éprendres'
vpr
s'~ de fall in love with.

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épreuve
nf
test; (Sport) event; (malheur) ordeal; (Photo, d'imprimerie) proof; mettre à l'~ put to the test.

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éprouver
vt
(ressentir) experience; (affliger) distress; (tester) test.

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éprouvette
nf
test tube.

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EPS
abrév f
(éducation physique et sportive ) PE.

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épuisé
~e a
exhausted; (livre) out of print.

épuisement nm exhaustion.

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épuiser
vt
(fatiguer, user) exhaust.

s'~ vpr become exhausted.

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épuration
nf
purification; (Pol) purge.

épurer vt purify; (Pol) purge.

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équateur
nm
equator.

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équilibre
nm
balance; être ou se tenir en ~ (personne) balance; (objet) be balanced.

équilibré, ~e a well-balanced.

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équilibrer
vt
balance.

s'~ vpr balance each other.

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équilibriste
nmf
acrobat.

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équipage
nm
crew.

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équipe
nf
team; ~ de nuit / jour night/day shift.

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équipé
~e a
equipped; cuisine ~e fitted kitchen.

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équipement
nm
equipment; ~s (installations) amenities, facilities.

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équiper
vt
equip (de with ) .

s'~ vpr equip oneself.

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équipier
-ière nm, f
team member.

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équitable
a
fair.

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équitation
nf
(horse-) riding.

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équivalence
nf
equivalence.

équivalent, ~e a equivalent.

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équivaloir
vi
~ à be equivalent to.

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équivoque
a
equivocal; (louche) questionable. nf ambiguity.

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érable
nm
maple.

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érafler
vt
scratch.

éraflure nf scratch.

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éraillé
~e a
(voix) raucous.

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ère
nf
era.

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éreintant
~e a
exhausting.

éreinter (s') vpr wear oneself out.

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ériger
vt
erect.

s'~ en vpr set (oneself) up as.

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éroder
vt
erode.

érosion nf erosion.

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errer
vi
wander.

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erreur
nf
mistake, error; dans l'~ mistaken; par ~ by mistake; ~ judiciaire miscarriage of justice.

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erroné
~e a
erroneous.

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érudit
~e a
scholarly. nm, f scholar.

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éruption
nf
eruption; (Méd) rash.

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es
ÊTRE .

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escabeau
(pl ~x ) nm
step-ladder.

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escadron
nm
(Mil) company.

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escalade
nf
climbing; (Pol, Comm) escalation.

escalader vt climb.

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escale
nf
(d'avion) stopover; (port) port of call; faire ~ à (avion, passager) stop over at; (navire, passager) put in at.

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escalier
nm
stairs (+pl ) ~ mécanique ou roulant escalator.

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escalope
nf
escalope.

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escargot
nm
snail.

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escarpé
~e a
steep.

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escarpin
nm
court shoe; (US) pump.

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escient:
à bon ~ loc
wisely.

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esclandre
nm
scene.

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esclavage
nm
slavery.

esclave nmf slave.

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escompte
nm
discount.

escompter vt expect; (Comm) discount.

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escorte
nf
escort.

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escrime
nf
fencing.

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escroc
nm
swindler.

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escroquer
vt
swindle; ~ qch à qn swindle sb out of sth.

escroquerie nf swindle.

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espace
nm
space; ~s verts gardens and parks.

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espacer
vt
space out.

s'~ vpr become less frequent.

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espadrille
nf
rope sandal.

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Espagne
nf
Spain.

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espagnol
~e a
Spanish. nm (Ling) Spanish.

E~, ~e nm, f Spaniard.

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espèce
nf
kind, sort; (race) species; en ~s (argent) in cash; ~ d'idiot ! ! you idiot ! fam.

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espérance
nf
hope.

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espérer
vt
hope for; ~ faire/que hope to do/that. vi hope.

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espiègle
a
mischievous.

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espion
~ne nm, f
spy.

espionnage nm espionage, spying.

espionner vt spy (on) .

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espoir
nm
hope; reprendre ~ feel hopeful again.

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esprit
nm
(intellect) mind; (humour) wit; (fantôme) spirit; (ambiance) atmosphere; perdre l'~ lose one's mind; reprendre ses ~s come to; faire de l'~ try to be witty.

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esquimau
~de (mpl ~x ) nm, f
Eskimo.

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esquinter
vt
fam ruin.

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esquisse
nf
sketch; (fig) outline.

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esquiver
vt
dodge.

s'~ vpr slip away.

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essai
nm
(épreuve) test, trial; (tentative) try; (article) essay; (au rugby) try; ~s (Auto) qualifying round (+sg ) à l'~ on trial.

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essaim
nm
swarm.

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essayage
nm
fitting; salon d'~ fitting room.

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essayer
vt/i
try; (vêtement) try (on) (voiture) try (out) ); ~ de faire try to do.

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essence
nf
(carburant) petrol; (nature, extrait) essence; ~ sans plomb unleaded petrol.

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essentiel
~le a
essential. nm l'~ the main thing; (quantité) the main part.

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essieu
(pl ~x ) nm
axle.

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essor
nm
expansion; prendre son ~ expand.

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essorage
nm
spin drying.

essorer vt (linge) spin-dry; (en tordant) wring.

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essoreuse
nf
spin-drier; ~ à salade salad spinner.

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essoufflé
~e a
out of breath.

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essuie-glace
nm inv
windscreen wiper.

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essuie-mains
nm inv
hand-towel.

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essuie-tout
nm inv
kitchen paper.

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essuyer
vt
wipe; (subir) suffer.

s'~ vpr dry ou wipe oneself.

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est1
ÊTRE .

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est2
nm
east. a inv east; (partie) eastern; (direction) easterly.

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estampe
nf
print.

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esthète
nmf
aesthete.

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esthéticienne
nf
beautician.

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esthétique
a
aesthetic.

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estimation
nf
(de coûts) estimate; (valeur) valuation.

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estime
nf
esteem.

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estimer
vt
(tableau) value; (calculer) estimate; (respecter) esteem; (considérer) consider (que that ) .

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estival
~e (mpl -aux ) a
summer.

estivant, ~e nm, f summer visitor.

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estomac
nm
stomach.

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estomaqué
~e a
fam stunned.

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Estonie
nf
Estonia.

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estrade
nf
platform.

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estragon
nm
tarragon.

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estropié
~e nm, f
cripple. a crippled.

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estuaire
nm
estuary.

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et
conj
and; ~ moi? what about me?; ~ alors? so what?

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étable
nf
cow-shed.

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établi
~e a
established; un fait bien ~ a well-established fact. nm work-bench.

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établir
vt
establish; (liste, facture) draw up; (personne, camp, record) set up.

s'~ vpr (personne) settle; s'~ à son compte set up on one's own.

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établissement
nm
(entreprise) organization; (institution) establishment; ~ scolaire school.

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étage
nm
floor, storey; (de fusée) stage; à l'~ upstairs; au premier ~ on the first floor.

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étagère
nf
shelf; (meuble) shelving unit.

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étain
nm
pewter.

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étais
était ÊTRE .

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étalage
nm
display; (vitrine) shop-window; faire ~ de flaunt.

étalagiste nmf window-dresser.

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étaler
vt
spread; (journal) spread (out) (pâte) roll out; (exposer) display; (richesse) flaunt.

s'~ vpr (prendre de la place) spread out; (tomberfam) fall flat; s'~ sur (paiement) be spread over.

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étalon
nm
(cheval) stallion; (modèle) standard.

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étanche
a
watertight; (montre) waterproof.

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étancher
vt
(soif) quench.

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étang
nm
pond.

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étant
ÊTRE .

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étape
nf
stage; (lieu d'arrêt) stopover; (fig) stage.

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état
nm
state; (liste) statement; (métier) profession; en bon/mauvais ~ in good/bad condition; en ~ de in a position to; en ~ de marche in working order; faire ~ de (citer) mention; être dans tous ses ~s be in a state; ~ civil civil status; ~ des lieux inventory of fixtures.

État nm State.

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état-major
(pl états-majors ) nm
(officiers) staff (+pl ) .

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États-Unis
nmpl
~ (d'Amé rique) United States (of America) .

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étau
(pl ~x ) nm
vice.

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étayer
vt
prop up.

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été1
ÊTRE .

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été2
nm
summer.

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éteindre
vt
(feu) put out; (lumière, radio) turn off.

s'~ vpr (feu, lumière) go out; (appareil) go off; (mourir) die.

éteint, ~e a (feu) out; (volcan) extinct.

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étendard
nm
standard.

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étendre
vt
(nappe) spread (out) (bras, jambes) stretch (out) (linge) hang out; (agrandir) extend.

s'~ vpr (s'allonger) lie down; (se propager) spread; (plaine) stretch; s'~ sur (sujet) dwell on.

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étendu
~e a
extensive.

étendue nf area; (d'eau) stretch; (importance) extent.

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éternel
~le a
(vie) eternal; (fig) endless.

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éternisers'
vpr
(durer) drag on.

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éternité
nf
eternity.

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éternuement
nm
sneeze.

éternuer vi sneeze.

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êtes
ÊTRE .

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éthique
a
ethical. nf ethics (+sg ) .

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ethnie
nf
ethnic group.

ethnique a ethnic.

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étincelant
~e a
sparkling.

étinceler vi sparkle.

étincelle nf spark.

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étiqueter
vt
label.

étiquette nf label; (protocole) etiquette.

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étirer
vt
stretch.

s'~ vpr stretch.

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étoffe
nf
fabric.

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étoffer
vt
expand.

s'~ vpr fill out.

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étoile
nf
star; à la belle ~ in the open; ~ filante shooting star; ~ de mer starfish.

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étonnant
~e a
(curieux) surprising; (formidable) amazing.

étonnement nm surprise; (plus fort) amazement.

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étonner
vt
amaze.

s'~ vpr be amazed (de at ) .

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étouffant
~e a
stifling.

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étouffer
vt/i
suffocate; (sentiment, révolte) stifle; (feu) smother; (bruit) muffle; on étouffe it is stifling.

s'~ vpr suffocate; (en mangeant) choke.

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étourderie
nf
thoughtlessness; (acte) careless mistake.

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étourdi
~e a
absent-minded. nm, f scatterbrain.

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étourdir
vt
stun; (fatiguer) make sb's head spin.

étourdissant, ~e a stunning.

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étourneau
(pl ~x ) nm
starling.

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étrange
a
strange.

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étranger
-ère a
(inconnu) strange, unfamiliar; (d'un autre pays) foreign. nm, f foreigner; (inconnu) stranger; à l'~ abroad; de l'~ from abroad.

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étrangler
vt
strangle; (col) throttle.

s'~ vpr choke.

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être
verbe auxiliaire
(du passé) have; elle est partie/venue hier she left/came yesterday.
(de la voix passive) be. verbe intransitif (aux avoir)
be; ~ médecin be a doctor; je suis à vous I'm all yours; j'en suis à me demander si... I'm beginning to wonder whether...; qu'en est-il de...? what's the news about...?
(appartenance) be, belong to.
(heure, date) be; nous sommes le 3 mars it's March 3.
(aller) be; je n'y ai jamais été I've never been; il a été le voir he went to see him.
c'est it is or it's; c'est moi qui l'ai fait I did it; est-ce que tu veux du thé? do you want some tea? nom masculin
being; ~ humain human being.
(personne) person; un ~ cher a loved one.

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étreindre
vt
embrace.

étreinte nf embrace.

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étrennes
nfpl
(New Year's) gift (+sg ) (argent) money.

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étrier
nm
stirrup.

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étriqué
~e a
tight.

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étroit
~e a
narrow; (vêtement) tight; (liens, surveillance) close; à l'~ cramped.

étroitement adv closely.

étroitesse nf narrowness.

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étude
nf
study; (enquête) survey; (bureau) office; (salle d') ~ (Scol) prep room; à l'~ under consideration; faire des ~s (de) study; il n'a pas fait d'~s he didn't go to university; ~ de marché market research.

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étudiant
~e nm, f
student.

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étudier
vt/i
study.

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étui
nm
case.

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étuve
nf
steam room.

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eu
~e AVOIR .

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euro
nm
euro.

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Europe
nf
Europe.

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européen
~ne a
European.

E~, ~ne nm, f European.

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euthanasie
nf
euthanasia.

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eux
pron
they; (complément) them.

eux-mêmes pron themselves.

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évacuation
nf
evacuation; (d'eaux usées) discharge.

évacuer vt evacuate.

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évadé
~e a
escaped. nm, f escaped prisoner.

évader (s') vpr escape.

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évaluation
nf
assessment.

évaluer vt assess.

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évangile
nm
gospel; l'É~ the Gospel.

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évanouirs'
vpr
faint; (disparaître) vanish.

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évaporation
nf
evaporation.

évaporer (s') vpr evaporate.

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évasif
-ive a
evasive.

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évasion
nf
escape.

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éveil
nm
awakening; en ~ alert.

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éveillé
~e a
awake; (intelligent) alert.

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éveiller
vt
awake (n) (susciter) arouse.

s'~ vpr awake.

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événement
nm
event.

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éventail
nm
fan; (gamme) range.

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éventrer
vt
(sac) rip open.

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éventualité
nf
possibility; dans cette ~ in that event.

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éventuel
~le a
possible.

éventuellement adv possibly.

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évêque
nm
bishop.

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évertuers'
vpr
s'~ à struggle hard to.

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éviction
nf
eviction.

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évidemment
adv
obviously; (bien sûr) of course.

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évidence
nf
obviousness; (fait) obvious fact; être en ~ be conspicuous; mettre en ~ (fait) highlight.

évident, ~e a obvious, evident.

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évier
nm
sink.

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évincer
vt
oust.

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éviter
vt
avoid (de faire doing ) ~ qch à qn (dérangement) save sb sth.

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évocateur
-trice a
evocative.

évocation nf evocation.

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évolué
~e a
highly developed.

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évoluer
vi
evolve; (situation) develop; (se déplacer) glide.

évolution nf evolution; (d'une situation) development.

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évoquer
vt
call to mind, evoke.

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exacerber
vt
exacerbate.

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exact
~e a
(précis) exact, accurate; (juste) correct; (personne) punctual.

exactement adv exactly.

exactitude nf exactness; punctuality.

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ex æquo
adv
être ~ tie (avec qn with sb ) .

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exagération
nf
exaggeration.

exagéré, ~e a excessive.

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exagérer
vt/i
exaggerate; (abuser) go too far.

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exalté
~e nm, f
fanatic.

exalter vt excite; (glorifier) exalt.

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examen
nm
examination; (Scol) exam.

examinateur, -trice nm, f examiner.

examiner vt examine.

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exaspération
nf
exasperation.

exaspérer vt exasperate.

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exaucer
vt
grant; (personne) grant the wish (es) of.

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excédent
nm
surplus; ~ de bagages excess luggage; ~ de la balance commerciale trade surplus.

excédentaire a excess, surplus.

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excéder
vt
(dépasser) exceed; (agacer) irritate.

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excellence
nf
excellence.

excellent, ~e a excellent.

exceller vi excel (dans in ) .

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excentricité
nf
eccentricity.

excentrique a & nmf eccentric.

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excepté
~e a & prép
except.

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excepter
vt
except.

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exception
nf
exception; à l'~ de except for; d'~ exceptional; faire ~ be an exception.

exceptionnel, ~le a exceptional.

exceptionnellement adv exceptionally.

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excès
nm
excess; ~ de vitesse speeding.

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excessif
-ive a
excessive.

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excitant
~e a
stimulating; (palpitant) exciting. nm stimulant.

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exciter
vt
excite; (irriter) get excited.

s'~ vpr get excited.

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exclamers'
vpr
exclaim.

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exclure
vt
exclude; (expulser) expel; (empêcher) preclude.

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exclusif
-ive a
exclusive.

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exclusion
nf
exclusion.

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exclusivité
nf
(Comm) exclusive rights (+pl ) projeter en ~ show exclusively.

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excursion
nf
excursion; (à pied) hike.

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excuse
nf
excuse;

~s apology (+sg ) faire des ~s apologize.

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excuser
vt
excuse; excusez-moi excuse me.

s'~ vpr apologize (de for ) .

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exécrable
a
dreadful.

exécrer vt loathe.

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exécuter
vt
carry out, execute; (Mus) perform; (tuer) execute.

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exécutif
-ive a & nm
(Pol) executive.

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exécution
nf
execution; (Mus) performance.

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exemplaire
a
exemplary. nm copy.

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exemple
nm
example; par ~ for example; donner l'~ set an example.

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exempt
~e a
~ de exempt (de from ) .

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exempter
vt
exempt (de from ) .

exemption nf exemption.

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exercer
vt
exercise; (influence, contrôle) exert; (former) train, exercise; ~ un métier have a job; ~ le métier de... work as a...

s'~ vpr practise.

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exercice
nm
exercise; (de métier) practice; en ~ in office; (médecin) in practice.

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exhaler
vt
emit.

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exhaustif
-ive a
exhaustive.

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exhiber
vt
exhibit.

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exhorter
vt
exhort (à to ) .

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exigeant
~e a
demanding; être ~ avec qn demand a lot of sb.

exigence nf demand.

exiger vt demand.

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exigu
~ë a
tiny.

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exil
nm
exile.

exilé, ~e nm, f exile.

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exiler
vt
exile.

s'~ vpr go into exile.

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existence
nf
existence.

exister vi exist.

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exode
nm
exodus.

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exonérer
vt
exempt (de from ) .

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exorbitant
~e a
exorbitant.

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exorciser
vt
exorcize.

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exotique
a
exotic.

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expansé
~e a
(Tech) expanded.

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expansif
-ive a
expansive.

expansion nf expansion.

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expatrié
~e nm, f
expatriate.

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expectative
nf
être dans l'~ wait and see.

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expédient
nm
expedient; vivre d'~s live by one's wits; user d'~s resort to expedients.

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expédier
vt
send, dispatch; (tâchefam) polish off.

expéditeur, -trice nm, f sender.

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expéditif
-ive a
quick.

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expédition
nf
(envoi) dispatching; (voyage) expedition.

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expérience
nf
experience; (scientifique) experiment.

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expérimental
~e (mpl -aux ) a
experimental.

expérimentation nf experimentation.

expérimenté, ~e a experienced.

expérimenter vt test, experiment with.

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expert
~e a
expert. nm expert; (d'assurances) adjuster.

expert-comptable (pl experts-comptables ) nm accountant.

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expertise
nf
valuation; (de dégâts) assessment.

expertiser vt value; (dégâts) assess.

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expier
vt
atone for.

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expiration
nf
expiry.

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expirer
vi
breathe out; (finir, mourir) expire.

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explicatif
-ive a
explanatory.

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explication
nf
explanation; (fig) discussion; ~ de texte (Scol) literary commentary.

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explicite
a
explicit.

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expliquer
vt
explain.

s'~ vpr explain oneself; (discuter) discuss things; (être explicable) be understandable.

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exploit
nm
exploit.

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exploitant
~e nm, f
~ (agricole) farmer.

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exploitation
nf
exploitation; (d'entreprise) running; (ferme) farm.

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exploiter
vt
exploit; (ferme) run; (mine) work.

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explorateur
-trice nm, f
explorer.

exploration nf exploration.

explorer vt explore.

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exploser
vi
explode; faire ~ explode; (bâtiment) blow up.

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explosif
-ive a & nm
explosive.

explosion nf explosion.

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exportateur
-trice nm, f
exporter. a exporting.

exportation nf export.

exporter vt export.

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exposant
~e nm, f
exhibitor.

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exposé
~e nm
talk (sur on ) (d'une action) account; faire l'~ de la situation give an account of the situation. a ~ au nord facing north.

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exposer
vt
display, show; (expliquer) explain; (soumettre, mettre en danger) expose (à to ) (vie) endanger.

s'~ à vpr expose oneself to.

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exposition
nf
(d'art) exhibition; (de faits) exposition; (géographique) aspect.

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exprès1
adv
specially; (délibérément) on purpose.

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exprès2
-esse a
express.

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express
a & nm inv
(café) ~ espresso; (train) ~ fast train.

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expressif
-ive a
expressive.

expression nf expression.

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exprimer
vt
express.

s'~ vpr express oneself.

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expulser
vt
expel; (locataire) evict; (joueur) send off.

expulsion nf (d'élève) expulsion; (de locataire) eviction; (d'immigré) deportation.

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exquis
~e a
exquisite.

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extase
nf
ecstasy.

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extasiers'
vpr
s'~ sur be ecstatic about.

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extensible
a
(tissu) stretch.

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extension
nf
extension; (expansion) expansion.

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exténuer
vt
exhaust.

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extérieur
~e a
outside; (signe, gaieté) outward; (politique) foreign. nm outside, exterior; (de personne) exterior; àl'~ (de) outside.

extérioriser vt show, externalize.

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extermination
nf
extermination.

exterminer vt exterminate.

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externe
a
external. nmf (Scol) day pupil.

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extincteur
nm
fire extinguisher.

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extinction
nf
extinction; avoir une ~ de voix have lost one's voice.

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extorquer
vt
extort.

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extra
a inv
first-rate. nm inv (repas) (special) treat.

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extraction
nf
extraction.

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extrader
vt
extradite.

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extraire
vt
extract.

extrait nm extract.

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extraordinaire
a
extraordinary.

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extravagance
nf
extravagance.

extravagant, ~e a extravagant.

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extraverti
~e nm, f
extrovert.

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extrême
a & nm
extreme.

extrêmement adv extremely.

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Extrême-Orient
nm
Far East.

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extrémiste
nmf
extremist.

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extrémité
nf
end; (mains, pieds) extremity.

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exubérance
nf
exuberance.

exubérant, ~e a exuberant.

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F

F
abrév f
(franc, francs ) franc, francs.

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fabricant
~e nm, f
manufacturer.

fabrication nf making; manufacture.

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fabrique
nf
factory.

fabriquer vt make; (industriellement) manufacture; (fig) make up.

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fabuler
vi
fantasize.

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fabuleux
-euse a
fabulous.

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fac
nf
fam university.

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façade
nf
front; (fig) façade.

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face
nf
face; (d'un objet) side; en (~ de) , d'en ~ opposite; en ~ de (fig) faced with; ~ à facing; (fig) faced with; faire ~ à face.

face-à-face nm inv (débat) one-to-one debate.

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fâcher
vt
anger; fâché angry; (désolé) sorry.

se ~ vpr get angry; (se brouiller) fall out.

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facile
a
easy; (caractère) easygoing.

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facilité
nf
easiness; (aisance) ease; (aptitude) ability; ~s (possibilités) facilities, opportunities; ~s d'importation import opportunities; ~s de paiement easy terms.

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faciliter
vt
facilitate, make easier.

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façon
nf
way; (de vêtement) cut; de cette ~ in this way; de ~ à so as to; de toute ~ anyway; ~s (chichis) fuss; faire des ~s stand on ceremony; sans ~s (repas) informal; (personne) unpretentious.

façonner vt shape; (faire) make.

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fac-similé
(pl ~s ) nm
facsimile.

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facteur
-trice nm, f
postman, postwoman. nm (élément) factor.

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facture
nf
bill; (Comm) invoice; ~ détaillée itemized bill.

facturer vt invoice.

facturette nf credit card slip.

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facultatif
-ive a
optional.

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faculté
nf
faculty; (possibilité) power; (Univ) faculty.

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fade
a
insipid.

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faible
a
weak; (espoir, quantité, écart) slight; (revenu, intensité) low; ~ d'esprit feeble-minded. nm (personne) weakling; (penchant) weakness.

faiblesse nf weakness.

faiblir vi weaken.

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faïence
nf
earthenware.

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faillir
vi
j'ai failli acheter I almost bought.

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faillite
nf
bankruptcy; (fig) collapse.

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faim
nf
hunger; avoir ~ be hungry; rester sur sa ~ (fig) be left wanting more.

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fainéant
~e a
idle. nm, f idler.

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faire

Pour les expressions comme faire attention, faire la cuisine etc. attention, cuisine etc. verbe transitif
(préparer, créer) make; ~ une tarte/une erreur make a tart/a mistake.
(se livrer à une activité) do; ~ du droit do law; ~ du foot/du violon play football/the violin; qu'est-ce qu'elle fait? (dans la vie) what does she do?; (en ce moment précis) what is she doing?
(dans les calculs, mesures, etc.) 10 et 10 font 20 10 and 10 make 20; ça fait 25 francs that's 25 francs; ~ 60 kilos weigh 60 kilos; il fait 1,75 m he's 1.75 m tall.
(dans les expressions de temps) ça fait une heure que j'attends I have been waiting for an hour.
(imiter) ~ le clown act the clown; faire le malade pretend to be ill.
(parcourir) ~ 10 km do ou cover 10 km; ~ les musées go round the museums.
(entraîner, causer) ça ne fait rien it doesn't matter; l'accident a fait 8 morts 8 people died in the accident.
(dire) say; 'excusez-moi', fit-elle 'excuse me', she said. verbe auxiliaire
(faire + infinitif + qn) make; ~ pleurer qn make sb cry.
(faire + infinitif + qch ) have, get; ~ réparer sa voiture have ou get one's car mended.
(ne faire que + infinitif ) (continuellement) ne ~ que pleurer do nothing but cry; (seulement) je ne fais qu'obéir I'm only following orders. verbe intransitif
(agir) do, act; ~ vite act quickly; fais comme tu veux do as you please; fais comme chez toi make yourself at home.
(paraître) look; ~ joli look pretty; ça fait cher it's expensive.
(en parlant du temps) il fait chaud/gris it's hot/overcast.

se faire verbe pronominal
(obtenir, confectionner) make; se ~ des amis make friends; se ~ un thé make (oneself) a cup of tea.
(se faire + infinitif ) se ~ gronder be scolded; se ~ couper les cheveux have one's hair cut.
(devenir) il se fait tard it's getting late.
(être d'usage) ça ne se fait pas it's not the done thing.
(emploi impersonnel) comment se fait-il que tu sois ici? how come you're here?

se faire à get used to; je ne m'y fais pas I can't get used to it.

s'en faire worry; ne t'en fais pas don't worry.

Lorsque faire remplace un verbe plus précis, on traduira quelquefois par ce dernier: faire une visite pay a visitfaire un nid build a nest.

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faire-part
nm inv
announcement.

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fais
FAIRE .

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faisan
nm
pheasant.

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faisceau
(pl ~x ) nm
(rayon) beam; (fagot) bundle.

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fait
~e a
done; (fromage) ripe; ~ pour made for; tout ~ ready made; c'est bien ~ pour toi it serves you right. nm fact; (événement) event; au ~ (de) informed (of) de ce ~ therefore; du ~ de on account of; ~ divers (trivial) news item; ~ nouveau new development; prendre qn sur le ~ catch sb in the act. FAIRE .

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faîte
nm
top; (fig) peak.

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faites
FAIRE .

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falaise
nf
cliff.

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falloir
vi
il faut qch/qn we/you etc. need sth/so; il lui faut du pain he needs bread; il faut rester we/you etc. have to ou must stay; il faut que j'y aille I have to ou must go; il faudrait que tu partes you should leave; il aurait fallu le faire we/you etc. should have done it; comme il faut (manger, se tenir) properly; (personne) respectable, proper.

s'en ~ vpr il s'en est fallu de peu qu'il gagne he nearly won; il s'en faut de beaucoup que je sois I am far from being.

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falsifier
vt
falsify; (signature, monnaie) forge.

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famé
~e a
mal ~ disreputable, seedy.

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fameux
-euse a
famous; (excellentfam) first-rate.

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familial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
family.

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familiale
nf
estate car; (US) station wagon.

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familiariser
vt
familiarize (avec with ) .

se ~ vpr familiarize oneself.

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familier
-ière a
familiar; (amical) informal.

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famille
nf
family; en ~ with one's family.

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famine
nf
famine.

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fanatique
a
fanatical. nmf fanatic.

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fanfare
nf
brass band; (musique) fanfare.

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fantaisie
nf
imagination, fantasy; (caprice) whim; (de) ~ (boutons etc.) fancy.

fantaisiste a unorthodox; (personne) eccentric.

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fantasme
nm
fantasy.

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fantastique
a
fantastic.

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fantôme
nm
ghost; cabinet (-) ~ (Pol) shadow cabinet.

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faon
nm
fawn.

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FAQ
abrév f
(Foire aux questions ) (Internet) FAQ, Frequently Asked Questions.

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farce
nf
(practical) joke; (Théât) farce; (hachis) stuffing.

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farcir
vt
stuff.

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fard
nm
make-up; ~ à paupières eye-shadow; piquer un ~ blush.

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fardeau
(pl ~x ) nm
burden.

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farfelu
~e a & nm,f
eccentric.

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farine
nf
flour.

farineux, -euse a floury.

farineux nmpl starchy food.

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farouche
a
shy; (peu sociable) unsociable; (violent) fierce.

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fascicule
nm
(brochure) booklet; (partie d'un ouvrage) fascicule.

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fasciner
vt
fascinate.

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fascisme
nm
fascism.

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fasse
FAIRE .

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fast-food
nm
fast-food place.

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fastidieux
-ieuse a
tedious.

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fatal
~e (mpl ~s ) a
inevitable; (mortel) fatal.

fatalité nf (destin) fate.

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fatigant
~e a
tiring; (ennuyeux) tiresome.

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fatigue
nf
fatigue, tiredness.

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fatigué
~e a
tired.

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fatiguer
vt
tire; (yeux, moteur) strain. vi (moteur) labour.

se ~ vpr get tired, tire (de of ) .

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faubourg
nm
suburb.

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faucher
vt
(herbe) mow; (volerfam) pinch; ~ qn (véhicule, tir) mow sb down.

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faucon
nm
falcon, hawk.

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faudra
faudrait FALLOIR .

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faufilerse
vpr
edge one's way, squeeze.

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faune
nf
wildlife, fauna.

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faussaire
nmf
forger.

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fausse
FAUX 2.

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fausser
vt
buckle; (fig) distort; ~ compagnie à qn give sb the slip.

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faut
FALLOIR .

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faute
nf
mistake; (responsabilité) fault; (délit) offence; (péché) sin; en ~ at fault; ~ de for want of; ~ de quoi failing which; sans ~ without fail; ~ de frappe typing error; ~ de goût bad taste; ~ professionnelle professional misconduct.

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fauteuil
nm
armchair; (de président) chair; (Théât) seat; ~ roulant wheelchair.

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fautif
-ive a
guilty; (faux) faulty. nm, f guilty party.

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fauve
a
(couleur) fawn, tawny. nm wild cat.

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faux1
nf
scythe.

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faux2
fausse a
false; (falsifié) fake, forged; (numéro, calcul) wrong; (voix) out of tune; c'est ~ ! that is wrong !; ~ témoignage perjury; faire ~ bond à qn stand sb up; fausse couche miscarriage; ~ frais incidental expenses. adv (chanter) out of tune. nm forgery.

faux-filet (pl ~s ) nm sirloin.

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faveur
nf
favour; de ~ (régime) preferential; en ~ de in favour of.

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favorable
a
favourable.

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favori
~te a & nm,f
favourite.

favoriser vt favour.

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fax
nm
fax.

faxer vt fax.

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fébrile
a
feverish.

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fécond
~e a
fertile.

féconder vt fertilize.

fécondité nf fertility.

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fédéral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
federal.

fédération nf federation.

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fée
nf
fairy.

féerie nf magical spectacle.

féerique a magical.

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feindre
vt
feign; ~ de pretend to.

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fêler
vt
crack.

se ~ vpr crack.

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félicitations
nfpl
congratulations (pour on ) .

féliciter vt congratulate (de on ) .

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félin
~e a & nm
feline.

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femelle
a & nf
female.

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féminin
~e a
feminine; (sexe) female; (mode, équipe) women's. nm feminine.

féministe nmf feminist.

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femme
nf
woman; (épouse) wife; ~ au foyer housewife; ~ de chambre chambermaid; ~ de ménage cleaning lady.

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fémur
nm
thigh-bone.

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fendre
vt
(couper) split; (fissurer) crack.

se ~ vpr crack.

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fenêtre
nf
window.

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fenouil
nm
fennel.

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fente
nf
(ouverture) slit, slot; (fissure) crack.

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féodal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
feudal.

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fer
nm
iron; ~ (à repasser) iron; ~ à cheval horseshoe; ~ de lance spearhead; ~ forgé wrought iron.

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fera
ferait FAIRE .

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férié
~e a
jour ~ public holiday.

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ferme
nf
farm; (maison) farm (house) . a firm. adv (travailler) hard.

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fermé
~e a
closed; (gaz, radio) off.

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fermenter
vi
ferment.

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fermer
vt/i
close, shut; (cesser d'exploiter) close ou shut down; (gaz, robinet) turn off.

se ~ vpr close, shut.

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fermeté
nf
firmness.

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fermeture
nf
closing; (dispositif) catch; ~ annuelle annual closure; ~ éclair® zip (-fastener) (US) zipper.

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fermier
-ière a
farm. nm farmer.

fermière nf farmer's wife.

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féroce
a
ferocious.

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ferraille
nf
scrap-iron.

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ferrer
vt
(cheval) shoe.

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ferroviaire
a
rail (way) .

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ferry
nm
ferry.

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fertile
a
fertile; ~ en (fig) rich in.

fertiliser vt fertilize.

fertilité nf fertility.

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fervent
~e a
fervent. nm, f enthusiast (de of ) .

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fesse
nf
buttock.

fessée nf spanking, smack.

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festin
nm
feast.

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festival
(pl ~s ) nm
festival.

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fêtard
~e nm, f
fam party animal.

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fête
nf
holiday; (religieuse) feast; (du nom) name-day; (réception) party; (en famille) celebration; (foire) fair; (folklorique) festival; ~ des Mères Mother's Day; ~ foraine fun-fair; faire la ~ live it up; les ~s (de fin d'anné e) the Christmas season.

fêter vt celebrate; (personne) give a celebration for.

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fétiche
nm
fetish; (fig) mascot.

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feu1
(pl ~x ) nm
fire; (lumière) light; (de réchaud) burner; à ~ doux/vif on a low/high heat; ~ rouge/vert/orange red/green/amber light; aux ~x, tournez à droite turn right at the traffic lights; avez-vous du ~? (pour cigarette) have you got a light?; au ~ ! fire !; mettre le ~ à set fire to; prendre ~ catch fire; jouer avec le ~ play with fire; ne pas faire long ~ not last; ~ d'artifice firework display; ~ de joie bonfire; ~ de position sidelight.

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feu2
a inv
(mort) late.

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feuillage
nm
foliage.

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feuille
nf
leaf; (de papier) sheet; (formulaire) form; ~ d'impôts tax return; ~ de paie payslip.

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feuilleté
~e a
pâte ~e puff pastry. nm savoury pasty.

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feuilleter
vt
leaf through.

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feuilleton
nm
(à suivre) serial; (histoire complète) series.

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feutre
nm
felt; (chapeau) felt hat; (crayon) felt-tip (pen) .

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fève
nf
broad bean.

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février
nm
February.

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fiable
a
reliable.

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fiançailles
nfpl
engagement.

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fiancé
~e a
engaged. nm fiancé.

fiancée nf fiancée.

fiancer (se) vpr become engaged (avec to ) .

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fibre
nf
fibre; ~ de verre fibreglass.

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ficeler
vt
tie up.

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ficelle
nf
string.

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fiche
nf
(index) card; (formulaire) form, slip; (électr) plug.

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ficher1
vt
(enfoncer) drive (dans into ) .

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ficher2
fam vt
(faire) do; (donner) give; (mettre) put; ~ le camp clear off.

se ~ de vpr make fun of; il s'en fiche he couldn't care less.

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fichier
nm
file.

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fichu
~e a
fam (mauvais) rotten; (raté) done for; mal ~ terrible.

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fictif
-ive a
fictitious.

fiction nf fiction.

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fidèle
a
faithful. nmf (client) regular; (Relig) believer; ~s (à l'église) congregation.

fidélité nf fidelity.

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fier1
fière a
proud (de of ) .

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fier2se
vpr
se ~ à trust.

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fierté
nf
pride.

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fièvre
nf
fever; avoir de la ~ have a temperature.

fiévreux, -euse a feverish.

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figer
vi
(graisse) congeal; (sang) clot; figé sur place frozen to the spot.

se ~ vpr (personne, sourire) freeze; (graisse) congeal; (sang) clot.

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figue
nf
fig.

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figurant
~e nm, f
(au cinéma) extra.

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figure
nf
face; (forme, personnage) figure; (illustration) picture.

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figuré
~e a
(sens) figurative.

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figurer
vi
appear. vt represent.

se ~ vpr imagine.

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fil
nm
thread; (métallique, électrique) wire; (de couteau) edge; (à coudre) cotton; au ~ de with the passing of; au ~ de l'eau with the current; ~ de fer wire; au bout du ~ fam on the phone.

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file
nf
line; (voie: Auto) lane; ~ (d'attente) queue; (US) line; en ~ indienne in single file.

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filer
vt
spin; (suivre) shadow; ~ qch à qn fam slip sb sth. vi (bas) ladder, run; (liquide) run; (aller vitefam) speed along, fly by; (partirfam) dash off; (disparaîtrefam) ~ entre les mains slip through one's fingers; ~ doux do as one's told; ~ à l'anglaise take French leave.

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filet
nm
net; (d'eau) trickle; (de viande) fillet; ~ (à bagages) (luggage) rack; ~ à provisions string bag (for shopping) .

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filiale
nf
subsidiary (company) .

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filière
nf
(official) channels; (de trafiquants) network; passer par ou suivre la ~ (employé) work one's way up.

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fille
nf
girl; (opposéà fils) daughter.

fillette nf little girl.

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filleul
nm
godson.

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filleule
nf
god-daughter.

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film
nm
film; ~ d'épouvante/muet/parlant horror/silent/talking film; ~ dramatique drama.

filmer vt film.

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filon
nm
(Géol) seam; (travail lucratiffam) money spinner; avoir trouvé le bon ~ be onto a good thing.

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fils
nm
son.

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filtre
nm
filter.

filtrer vt/i filter; (personne) screen.

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fin1
nf
end; à la ~ finally; en ~ de compte all things considered; ~ de semaine weekend; mettre ~ à put an end to; prendre ~ come to an end.

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fin2
~e a
fine; (tranche, couche) thin; (taille) slim; (plat) exquisite; (esprit, vue) sharp; ~es herbes mixed herbs. adv (couper) finely.

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final
~e (mpl -aux ) a
final.

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finale
nm
(Mus) finale. nf (Sport) final; (Gram) final syllable.

finalement adv finally; (somme toute) after all.

finaliste nmf finalist.

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finance
nf
finance.

financer vt finance.

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financier
-ière a
financial. nm financier.

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finesse
nf
fineness; (de taille) slimness; (acuité) sharpness; ~s (de langue) niceties.

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finir
vt/i
finish, end; (arrêter) stop; (manger) finish (up) en ~ avec have done with; ~ par faire end up doing; ça va mal ~ it will turn out badly.

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finlandais
~e a
Finnish.

F~, ~e nm, f Finn.

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Finlande
nf
Finland.

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finnois
~e a
Finnish. nm (Ling) Finnish.

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firme
nf
firm.

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fisc
nm
tax authorities.

fiscal, ~e (mpl -aux ) a tax, fiscal.

fiscalité nf tax system.

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fissure
nf
crack.

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fixe
a
fixed; (stable) steady; à heure ~ at a set time; menu à prix ~ set menu. nm basic pay.

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fixer
vt
fix; ~ (du regard) stare at; être fixé (personne) have made up one's mind.

se ~ vpr (s'attacher) be attached; (s'installer) settle down.

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flacon
nm
bottle.

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flagrant
~e a
flagrant, blatant; en ~ délit in the act.

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flair
nm
(sense of) smell; (fig) intuition.

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flamand
~e a
Flemish. nm (Ling) Flemish.

F~, ~e nm, f Fleming.

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flamant
nm
flamingo.

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flambeau
(pl ~x ) nm
torch.

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flambée
nf
blaze; (fig) explosion.

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flamber
vi
blaze; (prix) shoot up. vt (aiguille) sterilize; (volaille) singe.

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flamme
nf
flame; (fig) ardour; en ~s ablaze.

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flan
nm
custard tart.

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flanc
nm
side; (d'animal, d'armée) flank.

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flâner
vi
stroll.

flânerie nf stroll.

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flanquer
vt
flank; (jeterfam) chuck; (donnerfam) give; ~ à la porte kick out.

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flaque
nf
(d'eau) puddle; (de sang) pool.

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flash
(pl ~es ) nm
(Photo) flash; (information) news flash; ~ publicitaire commercial.

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flatter
vt
flatter.

se ~ de vpr pride oneself on.

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flatteur
-euse a
flattering. nm, f flatterer.

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fléau
(pl ~x ) nm
(désastre) scourge; (personne) pest.

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flèche
nf
arrow; (de clocher) spire; monter en ~ spiral; partir en ~ shoot off.

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flécher
vt
mark ousignpost (with arrows) .

fléchette nf dart.

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fléchir
vt
bend; (personne) move, sway. vi (faiblir) weaken; (prix) fall; (poutre) sag, bend.

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flemme
nf
fam laziness; j'ai la ~ de faire I can't be bothered doing.

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flétrirse
vpr
(plante) wither; (fruit) shrivel; (beauté) fade.

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fleur
nf
flower; à ~ de terre/d'eau just above the ground/water; à ~s flowery; ~ de l'âge prime of life; en ~s in flower.

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fleurir
vi
flower; (arbre) blossom; (fig) flourish. vt decorate with flowers.

fleuriste nmf florist.

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fleuve
nm
river.

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flic
nm
fam cop.

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flipper
nm
pinball (machine) .

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flirter
vi
flirt.

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flocon
nm
flake.

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flore
nf
flora.

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florissant
~e a
flourishing.

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flot
nm
flood, stream; être à ~ be afloat; les ~s the waves.

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flottant
~e a
(vêtement) loose; (indécis) indecisive.

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flotte
nf
fleet; (pluiefam) rain; (eaufam) water.

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flottement
nm
(incertitude) indecision.

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flotter
vi
float; (drapeau) flutter; (nuage, parfum, pensées) drift; (pleuvoirfam) rain.

flotteur nm float.

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flou
~e a
out of focus; (fig) vague.

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fluctuer
vi
fluctuate.

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fluet
~te a
thin.

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fluide
a & nm
fluid.

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fluor
nm
(pour les dents) fluoride.

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fluorescent
~e a
fluorescent.

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flûte
nf
flute; (verre) champagne glass.

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fluvial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
river.

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flux
nm
flow; ~ et reflux ebb and flow.

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FM
abrév f
(frequency modulation ) FM.

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fœtus
nm
foetus.

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foi
nf
faith; être de bonne/mauvaise ~ be acting in good/bad faith; ma ~ ! well (indeed) !

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foie
nm
liver.

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foin
nm
hay.

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foire
nf
fair; faire la ~ fam live it up.

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fois
nf
time; une ~ once; deux ~ twice; à la ~ at the same time; des ~ (parfois) sometimes; une ~ pour toutes once and for all.

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fol
FOU.

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folie
nf
madness; (bêtise) foolish thing, folly; faire une ~, faire des ~s be extravagant.

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folklore
nm
folklore.

folklorique a folk; fam eccentric.

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folle
FOU.

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foncé
~e a
dark.

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foncer
vt
darken. vi (s'assombrir) darken; (aller vitefam) dash along; ~ sur fam charge at.

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foncier
-ière a
fundamental; (Comm) real estate.

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fonction
nf
function; (emploi) position; ~s (obligations) duties; en ~ de according to; ~ publique civil service; voiture de ~ company car.

fonctionnaire nmf civil servant.

fonctionnement nm working.

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fonctionner
vi
work; faire ~ work.

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fond
nm
bottom; (de salle, magasin, etc.) back; (essentiel) basis; (contenu) content; (plan) background; (Sport) long-distance running; à ~ thoroughly; au ~ basically; de ~ (bruit) background; de ~ en comble from top to bottom; au oudans le ~ really; ~ de teint foundation, make-up base.

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fondamental
~e (mpl -aux ) a
fundamental.

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fondateur
-trice nm, f
founder.

fondation nf foundation.

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fonder
vt
found; (baser) base (sur on ) (bien) fondé wellfounded.

se ~ sur vpr be guided by, be based on.

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fonderie
nf
foundry.

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fondre
vt/i
melt; (dans l'eau) dissolve; (mélanger) merge; faire ~ melt; dissolve; ~ en larmes burst into tears; ~ sur swoop on.

se ~ vpr merge.

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fonds
nm
fund; ~ de commerce business. nmpl (capitaux) funds.

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fondu
~e a
melted; (métal) molten.

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font
FAIRE .

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fontaine
nf
fountain; (source) spring.

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fonte
nf
melting; (fer) cast iron; ~ des neiges thaw.

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foot
nm
fam football.

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football
nm
football.

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footing
nm
jogging.

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forain
nm
fairground entertainer; marchand ~ stallholder.

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forçat
nm
convict.

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force
nf
force; (physique) strength; (hydraulique etc.) power; ~s (physiques) strength; à ~ de by sheer force of; de ~, par la ~ by force; ~ de dissuasion deterrent; ~ de frappe strike force, deterrent; ~ de l'âge prime of life; ~s de l'ordre police (force) ~s de marché market forces.

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forcé
~e a
forced; (inévitable) inevitable; c'est ~ qu'il fasse fam he's bound to do.

forcément adv necessarily; (évidemment) obviously.

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forcené
~e a
frenzied. nm, f maniac.

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forcer
vt
force (à faire to do ) (voix) strain; ~ la dose fam overdo it. vi force; (exagérer) overdo it.

se ~ vpr force oneself.

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forer
vt
drill.

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forestier
-ière a
forest. nm, f forestry worker.

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forêt
nf
forest.

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forfait
nm
(Comm) (prix fixe) fixed price; (offre promotionnelle) package.

forfaitaire a (prix) fixed.

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forger
vt
forge; (inventer) make up.

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forgeron
nm
blacksmith.

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formaliser
(se ) vpr
take offence (de at ) .

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formalité
nf
formality.

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format
nm
format.

formater vt (Ordinat) format.

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formation
nf
formation; (professionnelle) training; (culture) education; ~ permanente oucontinue continuing education.

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forme
nf
form; (contour) shape, form; ~s (de femme) figure; être en ~ be in good shape, be on form; en ~ de in the shape of; en bonne et due ~ in due form.

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formel
~le a
formal; (catégorique) positive.

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former
vt
form; (instruire) train.

se ~ vpr form.

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formidable
a
fantastic.

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formulaire
nm
form.

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formule
nf
formula; (expression) expression; (feuille) form; ~ de politesse polite phrase, letter ending.

formuler vt formulate.

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fort
~e a
strong; (grand) big; (pluie) heavy; (bruit) loud; (pente) steep; (élève) clever; au plus ~ de at the height of; c'est une ~e tête she/he's headstrong. adv (frapper) hard; (parler) loud; (très) very; (beaucoup) very much. nm (atout) strong point; (Mil) fort.

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fortifiant
nm
tonic.

fortifier vt fortify.

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fortune
nf
fortune; de ~ (improvisé) makeshift; faire ~ make one's fortune.

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forum
nm
forum; ~ de discussion (Internet) newsgroup.

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fosse
nf
pit; (tombe) grave; ~ d'orchestre orchestra pit; ~ septique septic tank.

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fossé
nm
ditch; (fig) gulf.

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fossette
nf
dimple.

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fossile
nm
fossil.

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fou
(fol before vowel or mute h) ,

folle a mad; (course, regard) wild; (énormefam) tremendous; ~ de crazy about; le ~ rire the giggles. nm madman; (bouffon) jester.

folle nf madwoman.

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foudre
nf
lightning.

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foudroyant
~e a
(mort, maladie) violent.

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foudroyer
vt
(orage) strike; (maladie etc.) strike down; ~ qn du regard look daggers at sb.

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fouet
nm
whip; (Culin) whisk.

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fougère
nf
fern.

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fougue
nf
ardour.

fougueux, -euse a ardent.

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fouille
nf
search; (Archéol) excavation.

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fouiller
vt/i
search; (creuser) dig; ~ dans (tiroir) rummage through.

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fouillis
nm
jumble.

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foulard
nm
scarf.

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foule
nf
crowd; une ~ de (fig) a mass of.

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foulée
nf
stride; il l'a fait dans la ~ he did it while he was at ou about it.

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fouler
vt
(raisin) press; (sol) set foot on; ~ qch aux pieds trample sth underfoot; (fig) ride roughshod over sth.

se ~ vpr se ~ le poignet/le pied sprain one's wrist/foot; ne pas se ~ fam not strain oneself.

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four
nm
oven; (de potier) kiln; (Théât) flop; ~ à micro-ondes microwave oven; ~ crématoire crematorium.

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fourbe
a
deceitful.

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fourche
nf
fork; (à foin) pitchfork.

fourchette nf fork; (Comm) bracket, range.

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fourgon
nm
van; (wagon) wagon; ~ mortuaire hearse.

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fourmi
nf
ant; avoir des ~s have pins and needles.

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fourmiller
vi
swarm (de with ) .

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fourneau
(pl ~x ) nm
stove.

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fourni
~e a
(épais) thick.

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fournir
vt
supply, provide; (client) supply; (effort) put in; ~ à qn supply sb with.

se ~ chez vpr shop at.

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fournisseur
nm
supplier; ~ d'accès à l'Internet Internet service provider.

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fourniture
nf
supply.

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fourrage
nm
fodder.

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fourré
~e a
(vêtement) fur-lined; (gâteau etc.) filled (with jam, cream, etc.) . nm thicket.

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fourre-tout
nm inv
(sac) holdall.

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fourreur
nm
furrier.

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fourrière
nf
(lieu) pound.

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fourrure
nf
fur.

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foutre
vt
p = ficher 2 .

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foutu
~e a
p = fichu .

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foyer
nm
home; (âtre) hearth; (club) club; (d'étudiants) hostel; (Théât) foyer; (Photo) focus; (centre) centre.

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fracas
nm
din; (de train) roar; (d'objet qui tombe) crash.

fracassant, ~e a (bruyant) deafening; (violent) shattering.

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fraction
nf
fraction.

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fracture
nf
fracture; ~ du poignet fractured wrist.

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fragile
a
fragile; (peau) sensitive; (cœur) weak.

fragilité nf fragility.

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fragment
nm
bit, fragment.

fragmenter vt split, fragment.

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fraîchement
adv
(récemment) freshly; (avec froideur) coolly.

fraîcheur nf coolness; (nouveauté) freshness.

fraîchir vi freshen, become colder.

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frais1
fraîche a
fresh; (temps, accueil) cool; (peinture) wet; ~ et dispos fresh; il fait ~ it is cool. adv (récemment) newly, freshly. nm mettre au ~ put in a cool place; prendre le ~ get some fresh air.

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frais2
nmpl
expenses; (droits) fees; aux ~ de at the expense of; faire des ~ spend a lot of money; ~ généraux (Comm) overheads, running expenses; ~ de scolarité school fees.

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fraise
nf
strawberry.

fraisier nm strawberry plant; (gâteau) strawberry gateau.

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framboise
nf
raspberry.

framboisier nm raspberry bush.

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franc
franche a
frank; (regard) frank, candid; (cassure) clean; (net) clear; (libre) free; (véritable) downright. nm franc.

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français
~e a
French. nm (Ling) French.

F~, ~e nm, f Frenchman, Frenchwoman.

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France
nf
France.

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franchement
adv
frankly; (nettement) clearly; (tout à fait) really.

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franchir
vt
(obstacle) get over; (distance) cover; (limite) exceed; (traverser) cross.

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franchise
nf
(qualité) frankness; (Comm) franchise; (exemption) exemption; ~ douanière exemption from duties.

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franc-maçon
(pl francsmaçons ) nm
Freemason.

franc-maçonnerie nf Freemasonry.

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franco
adv
postage paid.

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francophone
a
French-speaking. nmf French speaker.

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franc-parler
nm inv
outspokenness.

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frange
nf
fringe.

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frappe
nf
(de texte) typing.

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frappé
~e a
chilled.

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frapper
vt/i
strike; (battre) hit, strike; (monnaie) mint; (à la porte) knock, bang; frappé de panique panic-stricken.

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fraternel
~le a
brotherly.

fraternité nf brotherhood.

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fraude
nf
fraud; (à un examen) cheating; passer qch en ~ smuggle sth in.

frauder vt/i cheat.

frauduleux, -euse a fraudulent.

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frayer
vt
open up.

se ~ vpr se ~ un passage force one's way (à travers, dans through ) .

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frayeur
nf
fright.

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fredonner
vt
hum.

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free-lance
a & nmf
freelance.

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freezer
nm
freezer.

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frein
nm
brake; mettre un ~ à curb; ~ à main hand brake.

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freiner
vt
slow down; (modérer, enrayer) curb. vi (Auto) brake.

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frêle
a
frail.

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frelon
nm
hornet.

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frémir
vi
shudder, shake; (feuille, eau) quiver.

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frêne
nm
ash.

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frénésie
nf
frenzy.

frénétique a frenzied.

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fréquemment
adv
frequently.

fréquence nf frequency.

fréquent, ~e a frequent.

fréquentation nf frequenting.

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fréquentations
nfpl
acquaintances; avoir de mauvaises ~ keep bad company.

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fréquenter
vt
frequent; (école) attend; (personne) see.

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frère
nm
brother.

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fret
nm
freight.

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friand
~e a
~ de very fond of.

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friandise
nf
sweet; (US) candy; (gâteau) cake.

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fric
nm
fam money.

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friction
nf
friction; (massage) rub-down.

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frigidaire
Ò nm
refrigerator.

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frigo
nm
fam fridge.

frigori- fique a (vitrine etc.) refrigerated.

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frileux
-euse a
sensitive to cold.

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frime
nf
fam c'est de la ~ it's all pretence; pour la ~ for show.

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frimousse
nf
face.

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fringale
nf
fam ravenous appetite.

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fringant
~e a
dashing.

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fringues
nfpl
fam gear.

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friper
vt
crumple, crease.

se ~ vpr crumple, crease.

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fripon
~ne nm, f
rascal. a mischievous.

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fripouille
nf
rogue.

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frire
vt/i
fry; faire ~ fry.

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frise
nf
frieze.

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friser
vt/i
(cheveux) curl; (personne) curl the hair of; frisé curly.

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frisson
nm
(de froid) shiver; (de peur) shudder.

frissonner vi shiver; shudder.

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frit
~e a
fried.

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frite
nf
chip; avoir la ~ fam feel good.

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friteuse
nf
chip pan; (électrique) (deep) fryer.

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friture
nf
fried fish; (huile) (frying) oil ou fat.

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frivole
a
frivolous.

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froid
~e a & nm
cold; avoir/prendre ~ be/catch cold; il fait ~ it is cold.

froidement adv coldly; (calculer) coolly.

froideur nf coldness.

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froisser
vt
crumple; (fig) offend.

se ~ vpr crumple; (fig) take offence; se ~ un muscle strain a muscle.

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frôler
vt
brush against, skim; (fig) come close to.

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fromage
nm
cheese.

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fromager
-ère a
cheese. nm, f (fabricant) cheesemaker; (marchand) cheesemonger.

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froment
nm
wheat.

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froncer
vt
gather; ~ les sourcils frown.

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front
nm
forehead; (Mil, Pol) front; de ~ at the same time; (de face) head-on; (côte à côte) abreast; faire ~ à face up to.

frontal, ~e (mpl -aux ) a frontal; (Ordinat) front-end.

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frontalier
-ière a
border; travailleur ~ commuter from across the border.

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frontière
nf
border, frontier.

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frottement
nm
rubbing; (Tech) friction.

frotter vt/i rub; (allumette) strike.

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frottis
nm
~ vaginal cervical smear.

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frousse
nf
fam fear; avoir la ~ fam be scared.

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fructifier
vi
faire ~ put to work.

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fructueux
-euse a
fruitful.

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frugal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
frugal.

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fruit
nm
fruit; des ~s (some) fruit; ~s de mer seafood.

fruité, ~e a fruity.

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frustrant
~e a
frustrating.

frustrer vt frustrate.

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fuel
nm
fuel oil.

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fugitif
-ive a
(passager) fleeting. nm, f fugitive.

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fugue
nf
(Mus) fugue; faire une ~ run away.

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fuir
vi
flee, run away; (eau, robinet, etc.) leak. vt (quitter) flee; (éviter) shun.

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fuite
nf
flight; (de liquide, d'une nouvelle) leak; en ~ on the run; mettre en ~ put to flight; prendre la ~ take flight.

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fulgurant
~e a
(vitesse) lightning.

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fumé
~e a
(poisson, verre) smoked.

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fumée
nf
smoke; (vapeur) steam.

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fumer
vt/i
smoke.

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fumeur
-euse nm, f
smoker; zone non- ~s no smoking area.

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fumier
nm
manure.

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funambule
nmf
tightrope walker.

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funèbre
a
funeral; (fig) gloomy.

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funérailles
nfpl
funeral.

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funéraire
a
funeral.

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funeste
a
fatal.

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fur:
au ~ et à mesure loc
as one goes along, progressively; au ~ et à mesure que as.

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furet
nm
ferret.

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fureur
nf
fury; (passion) passion; avec ~ furiously; passionately; mettre en ~ infuriate; faire ~ be all the rage.

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furieux
-ieuse a
furious.

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furoncle
nm
boil.

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furtif
-ive a
furtive.

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fuseau
(pl ~x ) nm
ski trousers; (pour filer) spindle; ~ horaire time zone.

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fusée
nf
rocket.

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fusible
nm
fuse.

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fusil
nm
rifle, gun; (de chasse) shotgun; ~ mitrailleur machine-gun.

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fusion
nf
fusion; (Comm) merger.

fusionner vt/i merge.

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fut
ÊTRE .

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fût
nm
(tonneau) barrel; (d'arbre) trunk.

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futé
~e a
cunning.

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futile
a
futile.

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futur
~e a
future; ~e femme/maman wife-/ mother-to-be. nm future.

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fuyant
~e a
(front, ligne) receding; (personne) evasive.

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fuyard
~e nm, f
runaway.

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G

gabardine
nf
raincoat.

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gabarit
nm
size; (patron) template; (fig) calibre.

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gâcher
vt
(gâter) spoil; (gaspiller) waste.

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gâchette
nf
trigger.

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gâchis
nm
waste.

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gaffe
nf
fam blunder; faire ~ be careful (à of ) .

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gage
nm
security; (de bonne foi) pledge; (de jeu) forfeit; ~s (salaire) wages; en ~ de as a token of; mettre en ~ pawn; tueur à ~s hired killer.

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gageure
nf
challenge.

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gagnant
~e a
winning. nm, f winner.

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gagne-pain
nm inv
job.

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gagner
vt
(match, prix) win; (argent, pain) earn; (terrain) gain; (temps) save; (atteindre) reach; (convaincre) win over; ~ sa vie earn one's living. vi win; (fig) gain.

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gai
~e a
cheerful; (ivre) merry.

gaiement adv cheerfully.

gaieté nf cheerfulness.

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gain
nm
(salaire) earnings; (avantage) gain; (économie) saving; ~s (Comm) profits; (au jeu) winnings.

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gaine
nf
(corset) girdle; (étui) sheath.

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galant
~e a
courteous; (amoureux) romantic.

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galaxie
nf
galaxy.

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gale
nf
(de chat etc.) mange.

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galère
nf
(navire) galley; c'est la ~ ! fam what an ordeal !

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galérer
vi
fam (peiner) have a hard time.

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galerie
nf
gallery; (Théât) circle; (de voiture) roof-rack; ~ marchande shopping arcade.

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galet
nm
pebble.

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galette
nf
flat cake; ~ des Rois Twelfth Night cake.

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Galles
nfpl
le pays de ~ Wales.

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gallois
~e a
Welsh. nm (Ling) Welsh.

G~, ~e nm, f Welshman, Welshwoman.

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galon
nm
braid; (Mil) stripe; prendre du ~ be promoted.

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galop
nm
canter; aller au ~ canter; grand ~ gallop; ~ d'essai trial run.

galoper vi (cheval) canter; (au grand galop) gallop; (personne) run.

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galopin
nm
fam rascal.

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gambader
vi
leap about.

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gamelle
nf
(de soldat) mess kit; (d'ouvrier) lunch-box.

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gamin
~e a
childish; (air) youthful. nm, f fam kid.

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gamme
nf
(Mus) scale; (série) range; haut de ~ up-market, top of the range; bas de ~ down-market, bottom of the range.

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gang
nm
fam gang.

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ganglion
nm
ganglion.

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gangster
nm
gangster; (escroc) crook.

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gant
nm
glove; ~ de ménage rubber glove; ~ de toilette face- flannel, face-cloth.

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garage
nm
garage.

garagiste nmf garage owner; (employé) car mechanic.

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garant
~e nm, f
guarantor. a se porter ~ de vouch for.

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garanti
~e a
guaranteed.

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garantie
nf
guarantee; ~s (de police d'assurance) cover.

garantir vt guarantee; (protéger) protect (de from ) .

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garçon
nm
boy; (jeune homme) young man; (célibataire) bachelor; ~ (de café) waiter; ~ d'honneur best man.

garçonnière nf bachelor flat.

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garde1
nf
guard; (d'enfants, de bagages) care; (service) guard (duty) (infirmière) nurse; de ~ on duty; ~ à vue (police) custody; mettre en ~ warn; prendre ~ be careful (à of ) (droit de) ~ custody (de of ) .

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garde2
nm
guard; (de propriété, parc) warden; ~ champêtre village policeman; ~ du corps bodyguard.

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garde-à-vous
nm inv
(Mil) se mettre au ~ stand to attention.

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garde-chasse
(pl ~s ) nm
gamekeeper.

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garde-manger
nm inv
meat safe; (placard) larder.

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garder
vt
(conserver, maintenir) keep; (vêtement) keep on; (surveiller) look after; (défendre) guard; ~ le lit stay in bed.

se ~ vpr (denrée) keep; se ~ de faire be careful not to do.

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garderie
nf
day nursery.

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garde-robe
(pl ~s ) nf
wardrobe.

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gardien
~ne nm, f
(de locaux) security guard; (de prison, réserve) warden; (d'immeuble) caretaker; (de musée) attendant; (de zoo) keeper; (de traditions) guardian; ~ de but goalkeeper; ~ de la paix policeman; ~ de nuit night watchman; gardienne d'enfants childminder.

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gare
nf
(Rail) station; ~ routière coach station; (US) bus station. interj ~ (à toi) watch out !

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garer
vt
park.

se ~ vpr park; (s'écarter) move out of the way.

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gargouille
nf
waterspout; (sculptée) gargoyle.

gargouiller vi gurgle; (stomach) rumble.

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garni
~e a
(plat) served with vegetables; bien ~ (rempli) well-filled.

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garnir
vt
(remplir) fill; (décorer) decorate; (couvrir) cover; (doubler) line; (Culin) garnish.

garniture nf (légumes) vegetables; (ornement) trimming; (de voiture) trim.

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gars
nm
fam lad; (adulte) guy, bloke.

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gas-oil
nm
diesel (oil) .

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gaspillage
nm
waste.

gaspiller vt waste.

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gastrique
a
gastric.

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gastronome
nmf
gourmet.

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gâteau
(pl ~x ) nm
cake; ~ sec biscuit; (US) cookie; un papa ~ a doting dad.

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gâter
vt
spoil.

se ~ vpr (viande) go bad; (dent) rot; (temps) get worse.

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gâterie
nf
little treat.

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gâteux
-euse a
senile.

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gauche
a
left; (maladroit) awkward. nf left; à ~ on the left; (direction) (to the) left; la ~ the left (side) (Pol) the left (wing) .

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gaucher
-ère a
left handed.

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gaufre
nf
waffle.

gaufrette nf wafer.

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gaulois
~e a
Gallic; (fig) bawdy.

G~, ~e nm, f Gaul.

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gaver
vt
force-feed; (fig) cram.

se ~ de vpr gorge oneself with; (fig) devour.

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gaz
nm inv
gas; ~ d'échappement exhaust fumes; ~ lacrymogène tear-gas.

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gaze
nf
gauze.

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gazer
vi
fam ça gaze? how's things?

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gazette
nf
newspaper.

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gazeux
-euse a
(boisson) fizzy; (eau) sparkling.

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gazoduc
nm
gas pipeline.

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gazon
nm
lawn, grass.

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gazouiller
vi
(oiseau) chirp; (bébé) babble.

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GDF
abrév m
(Gaz de France ) French gas board .

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géant
~e a
giant. nm giant.

géante nf giantess.

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geindre
vi
groan, moan.

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gel
nm
frost; (produit) gel; (Comm) freeze; ~ coiffant hair gel.

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gelée
nf
frost; (Culin) jelly; ~ blanche hoarfrost.

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geler
vt/i
freeze; on gèle (on a froid) it's freezing; il ouça gèle (il fait froid) it's freezing.

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gélule
nf
(Méd) capsule.

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Gémeaux
nmpl
Gemini.

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gémir
vi
groan.

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gênant
~e a
embarrassing; (irritant) annoying; (incommode) cumbersome.

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gencive
nf
gum.

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gendarme
nm
policeman, gendarme.

gendarmerie nf police force; (local) police station.

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gendre
nm
son-in-law.

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gène
nm
gene.

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gêne
nf
discomfort; (confusion) embarrassment; (dérangement) trouble, inconvenience; (pauvreté) poverty.

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gêné
~e a
embarrassed; (désargenté) short of money.

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généalogie
nf
genealogy.

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gêner
vt
bother, disturb; (troubler) embarrass; (entraver) block; (faire mal) hurt.

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général
~e (mpl -aux ) a
general; en ~ in general. nm (pl -aux ) general.

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généralement
adv
generally.

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généraliser
vt
make general. vi generalize.

se ~ vpr become widespread ou general.

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généraliste
nmf
general practitioner, GP.

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généralité
nf
general point.

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génération
nf
generation.

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généreux
~euse a
generous.

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générique
nm
(au cinéma) credits. a generic.

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générosité
nf
generosity.

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génétique
a
genetic. nf genetics.

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Genève
npr
Geneva.

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génial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
brilliant; (fantastiquefam) fantastic.

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génie
nm
genius; ~ civil civil engineering.

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génital
~e (mpl -aux ) a
genital.

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génocide
nm
genocide.

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génoise
nf
sponge (cake) .

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génothèque
nf
gene bank.

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genou
(pl ~x ) nm
knee; être à ~x be kneeling.

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genre
nm
sort, kind; (Gram) gender; (allure) avoir bon/mauvais ~ to look nice/disreputable; (comportement) c'est bien son ~ it's just like him/her; ~ de vie lifestyle.

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gens
nmpl
people.

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gentil
~le a
kind, nice; (sage) good.

gentillesse nf kindness.

gentiment adv kindly.

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géographie
nf
geography.

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geôlier
-ière nm, f
gaoler, jailer.

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géologie
nf
geology.

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géomètre
nm
surveyor.

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géométrie
nf
geometry.

géométrique a geometric.

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gérance
nf
management.

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gérant
~e nm, f
manager, manageress; ~ d'immeuble landlord's agent.

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gerbe
nf
(de fleurs) bunch, bouquet; (d'eau) spray; (de blé) sheaf.

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gercer
vt
chap; avoir les lèvres gercées have chapped lips. vi become chapped.

gerçure nf crack, chap.

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gérer
vt
manage, run; (traiter: fig) (crise, situation) handle.

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germe
nm
germ; ~s de soja bean sprouts.

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germer
vi
germinate.

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gestation
nf
gestation.

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geste
nm
gesture.

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gesticuler
vi
gesticulate.

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gestion
nf
management.

gestionnaire nmf administrator.

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ghetto
nm
ghetto.

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gibier
nm
(animaux) game.

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giboulée
nf
shower.

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gicler
vi
squirt; faire ~ squirt.

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gifle
nf
slap in the face.

gifler vt slap.

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gigantesque
a
gigantic.

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gigot
nm
leg (of lamb) .

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gigoter
vi
wriggle; (nerveusement) fidget.

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gilet
nm
waistcoat; (cardigan) cardigan; ~ de sauvetage life jacket.

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gingembre
nm
ginger.

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girafe
nf
giraffe.

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giratoire
a
sens ~ roundabout.

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girofle
nm
clou de ~ clove.

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girouette
nf
weathercock, weathervane.

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gisement
nm
deposit.

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gitan
~e nm, f
gypsy.

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gîte
nm
(maison) home; (abri) shelter; ~ rural holiday cottage.

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givre
nm
frost; (sur parebrise) ice.

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givré
~e a
fam crazy.

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glace
nf
ice; (crème) icecream; (vitre) window; (miroir) mirror; (verre) glass.

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glacé
~e a
(vent, accueil) icy; (hands) frozen; (gâteau) iced.

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glacer
vt
freeze; (gâteau, boisson) chill; (pétrifier) chill.

se ~ vpr freeze.

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glacier
nm
(Géog) glacier; (vendeur) ice-cream seller.

glacière nf coolbox.

glaçon nm ice-cube.

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glaïeul
nm
gladiolus.

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glaise
nf
clay.

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gland
nm
acorn; (ornement) tassel.

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glande
nf
gland.

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glander
vi
fam laze around.

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glaner
vt
glean.

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glauque
a
(fig) murky; (street) squalid.

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glissade
nf
(jeu) slide; (dérapage) skid.

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glissant
~e a
slippery.

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glissement
nm
sliding; gliding; (fig) shift; ~ de terrain landslide.

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glisser
vi
slide; (être glissant) be slippery; (sur l'eau) glide; (déraper) slip; (véhicule) skid. vt (objet) slip (dans into ) (remarque) slip in.

se ~ vpr slip (dans into ) .

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glissière
nf
slide; porte à ~ sliding door; ~ de sécurité (Auto) crash-barrier; fermeture à ~ zip.

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global
~e (mpl -aux ) a
(entier, général) overall.

globalement adv as a whole.

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globe
nm
globe; ~ oculaire eyeball; ~ terrestre globe.

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globule
nm
(du sang) corpuscle.

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gloire
nf
glory, fame.

glorieux, -ieuse a glorious.

glorifier vt glorify.

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glose
nf
gloss.

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glossaire
nm
glossary.

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gloussement
nm
chuckle; (de poule) cluck.

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glouton
~ne a
gluttonous. nm, f glutton.

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gluant
~e a
sticky.

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glucose
nm
glucose.

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glycérine
nf
glycerin (e) .

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GO
abrév fpl
(grandes ondes ) long wave.

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goal
nm
fam goalkeeper.

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gobelet
nm
cup; (en verre) tumbler.

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gober
vt
swallow (whole) je ne peux pas le ~ fam I can't stand him.

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goéland
nm
(sea) gull.

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gogo:
à ~ loc
fam galore, in abundance.

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goinfre
nm
(gloutonfam) pig.

goinfrer (se ) vpr fam stuff oneself (de with ) .

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golf
nm
golf; (terrain) golf course.

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golfe
nm
gulf.

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gomme
nf
rubber; (US) eraser; (résine) gum.

gommer vt rub out.

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gond
nm
hinge; sortir de ses ~s fam go mad.

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gondoler
(se ) vpr
(bois) warp; (métal) buckle.

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gonflé
~e a
swollen; il est ~ fam he's got a nerve.

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gonflement
nm
swelling.

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gonfler
vt
(ballon, pneu) pump up, blow up; (augmenter) increase; (exagérer) inflate. vi swell.

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gorge
nf
throat; (poitrine) breast; (vallée) gorge.

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gorgée
nf
sip, gulp.

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gorger
vt
fill (de with ) gorgé de full of.

se ~ vpr gorge oneself (de with ) .

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gorille
nm
gorilla; (gardefam) bodyguard.

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gosier
nm
throat.

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gosse
nmf
fam kid.

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gothique
a
Gothic.

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goudron
nm
tar.

goudronner vt tarmac.

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gouffre
nm
abyss, gulf.

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goujat
nm
lout, boor.

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goulot
nm
neck; boire au ~ drink from the bottle.

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goulu
~e a
gluttonous. nm, f glutton.

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gourde
nf
(à eau) flask; (idiotfam) fool.

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gourer
(se ) vpr
fam make a mistake.

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gourmand
~e a
greedy. nm, f glutton.

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gourmandise
nf
greed; ~s sweets.

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gourmet
nm
gourmet.

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gourmette
nf
chain bracelet.

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gousse
nf
~ d'ail clove of garlic.

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goût
nm
taste; (gré) liking; prendre ~ à develop a taste for; avoir bon ~ (aliment) taste nice; (personne) have good taste; donner du ~ à give flavour.

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goûter
vt
taste; (apprécier) enjoy; ~ à ou de taste. vi have tea. nm tea, snack.

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goutte
nf
drop; (Méd) gout.

goutte-à-goutte nm inv drip.

goutter vi drip.

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gouttière
nf
gutter.

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gouvernail
nm
rudder; (barre) helm.

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gouvernement
nm
government.

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gouverner
vt/i
govern; (dominer) control.

gouverneur nm governor.

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grâce
nf
(charme) grace; (faveur) favour; (volonté) grace; (Jur) pardon; (Relig) grace; ~ à thanks to; rendre (~s) à give thanks to.

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gracier
vt
pardon.

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gracieusement
adv
gracefully; (gratuitement) free (of charge) .

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gracieux
-ieuse a
graceful.

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grade
nm
rank; monter en ~ be promoted.

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gradin
nm
tier, step; en ~s terraced; les ~s terraces.

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gradué
~e a
graded, graduated; verre ~ measuring jug.

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graffiti
nmpl
graffiti.

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grain
nm
grain; (Naut) squall; ~ de beauté beauty spot; ~ de café coffee bean; ~ de poivre pepper corn; ~ de raisin grape.

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graine
nf
seed.

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graisse
nf
fat; (lubrifiant) grease.

graisser vt grease.

graisseux, -euse a greasy.

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grammaire
nf
grammar.

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gramme
nm
gram.

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grand
~e a
big, large; (haut) tall; (intense, fort) great; (brillant) great; (principal) main; (plus âgé) big, elder; (adulte) grown-up; au ~ air in the open air; au ~ jour in broad daylight; (fig) in the open; en ~e partie largely; ~e banlieue outer suburbs; ~ ensemble housing estate; ~es lignes (Rail) main lines; ~ magasin department store; ~e personne grown-up; ~ public general public; ~e surface hypermarket; ~es vacances summer holidays. adv (ouvrir) wide; ~ ouvert wide open; voir ~ think big. nm, f (adulte) grown-up; (enfant) big boy, big girl; (Scol) senior.

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Grande-Bretagne
nf
Great Britain.

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grand-chose
pron
pas ~ not much, not a lot.

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grandeur
nf
greatness; (dimension) size; folie des ~s delusions of grandeur.

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grandir
vi
grow; (bruit) grow louder. vt (talons) make taller; (loupe) magnify.

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grand-mère
(pl grands-mères ) nf
grandmother.

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grand-père
(pl grands-pères ) nm
grandfather.

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grands-parents
nmpl
grandparents.

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grange
nf
barn.

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granulé
nm
granule.

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graphique
a
graphic; (Ordinat) graphics; informatique ~ computer graphics. nm graph.

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graphologie
nf
graphology.

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grappe
nf
cluster; ~ de raisin bunch of grapes.

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gras
~se a
(gros) fat; (aliment) fatty; (surface, peau, cheveux) greasy; (épais) thick; (caractères) bold; faire la ~se matinée sleep late. nm (Culin) fat.

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gratifiant
~e a
gratifying; (travail) rewarding.

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gratifier
vt
favour, reward (de with ) .

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gratin
nm
gratin (baked dish with cheese topping) (élitefam) upper crust.

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gratis
adv
free.

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gratitude
nf
gratitude.

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gratte-ciel
nm inv
skyscraper.

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gratter
vt/i
scratch; (avec un outil) scrape; ça me gratte fam it itches.

se ~ vpr scratch oneself; se ~ la tête scratch one's head.

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gratuiciel
nm
(Internet) freeware.

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gratuit
~e a
free; (acte) gratuitous.

gratuitement adv free (of charge) .

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grave
a
(maladie, accident, problème) serious; (solennel) grave; (voix) deep; (accent) grave.

gravement adv seriously; gravely.

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graver
vt
engrave; (sur bois) carve.

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gravier
nm
du ~ gravel.

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gravité
nf
gravity.

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graviter
vi
revolve.

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gravure
nf
engraving; (de tableau, photo) print, plate.

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gré
nm
(volonté) will; (goût) taste; à son ~ (agir) as one likes; de bon ~ willingly; bon ~ mal ~ like it or not; je vous en saurais ~ I'd be grateful for that.

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grec
~que a
Greek. nm (Ling) Greek.

G~, ~que nm, f Greek.

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Grèce
nf
Greece.

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greffe
nf
graft; (d'organe) transplant.

greffer vt graft; transplant.

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greffier
-ière nm, f
clerk of the court.

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grêle
a
(maigre) spindly; (voix) shrill. nf hail.

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grêler
vi
hail; il grêle it's hailing.

grêlon nm hailstone.

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grelot
nm
(little) bell.

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grelotter
vi
shiver.

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grenade
nf
(fruit) pomegranate; (explosif) grenade.

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grenat
a inv
dark red.

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grenier
nm
attic; (pour grain) loft.

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grenouille
nf
frog.

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grès
nm
sandstone; (poterie) stoneware.

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grésiller
vi
sizzle; (radio) crackle.

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grève
nf
(rivage) shore; (cessation de travail) strike; faire ~, être en ~ be on strike; se mettre en ~ go on strike.

gréviste nmf striker.

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gribouiller
vt/i
scribble.

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grief
nm
grievance.

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grièvement
adv
seriously.

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griffe
nf
claw; (de couturier) label; coup de ~ scratch.

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griffé
~e a
(vêtement, article) designer.

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griffer
vt
scratch, claw.

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grignoter
vt/i
nibble.

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gril
nm
(de cuisinière) grill; (plaque) grill pan.

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grillade
nf
(viande) grill.

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grillage
nm
wire netting.

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grille
nf
railings; (portail) (metal) gate; (de fenêtre) bars; (de cheminée) grate; (fig) grid.

grillepain nm inv toaster.

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griller
vt
(pain) toast; (viande) grill; (ampoule) blow; (feu rouge) go through; (appareil) burn out. vi (ampoule) blow; (Culin) faire ~ (viande) grill; (pain) toast.

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grillon
nm
cricket.

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grimace
nf
(funny) face; (de douleur, dégoût) grimace; faire des ~s make faces; faire la ~ pull a face, grimace.

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grimper
vt
climb. vi climb; ~ sur oudans un arbre climb a tree.

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grincement
nm
creak (ing) .

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grincer
vi
creak; ~ des dents grind one's teeth.

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grincheux
-euse a
grumpy.

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grippe
nf
influenza, flu.

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grippé
~e a
être ~ have (the) flu; (mécanisme) be seized up ou jammed.

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gris
~e a
grey; (saoul) tipsy.

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grivois
~e a
bawdy.

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grog
nm
hot toddy.

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grogner
vi
(animal) growl; (personne) grumble.

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grognon
am
grumpy.

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groin
nm
snout.

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gronder
vi
(tonnerre, volcan) rumble; (chien) growl; (conflit) be brewing. vt scold.

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groom
nm
bellboy.

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gros
~se a
big, large; (gras) fat; (important) big; (épais) thick; (lourd) heavy; (buveur, fumeur) heavy; ~ bonnet fam bigwig; ~ lot jackpot; ~ mot swear word; ~ plan close-up; ~se caisse bass drum; ~ titre headline. nm, f fat man, fat woman. adv (écrire) big; (risquer, gagner) a lot. nm le ~ de the bulk of; de ~ (Comm) wholesale; en ~ roughly; (Comm) wholesale.

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groseille
nf
redcurrant; ~ à maquereau gooseberry.

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grossesse
nf
pregnancy.

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grosseur
nf
(volume) size; (enflure) lump.

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grossier
-ière a
(sans finesse) coarse, rough; (rudimentaire) crude; (vulgaire) coarse; (impoli) rude; (erreur) gross.

grossièrement adv (sommairement) roughly; (vulgairement) coarsely.

grossièreté nf coarseness; crudeness; rudeness; (mot) rude word.

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grossir
vt
(faire augmenter) increase, boost; (agrandir) enlarge; (exagérer) exaggerate; ~ les rangs oula foule swell the ranks. vi (personne) put on weight; (augmenter) grow.

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grossiste
nmf
wholesaler.

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grosso modo
adv
roughly.

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grotesque
a
grotesque; (ridicule) ludicrous.

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grotte
nf
cave; grotto.

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grouiller
vi
swarm; ~ de be swarming with.

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groupe
nm
group; (Mus) group, band; ~ électrogène generating set; ~ scolaire school; ~ de travail working party.

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groupement
nm
grouping.

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grouper
vt
put together.

se ~ vpr group (together) .

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grue
nf
(machine, oiseau) crane.

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gruyère
nm
gruyère (cheese) .

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gué
nm
ford; passer ou traverser à ~ ford.

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guenon
nf
female monkey.

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guépard
nm
cheetah.

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guêpe
nf
wasp.

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guère
adv
ne ~ hardly; il n'y a ~ d'espoir there is no hope; elle n'a ~ dormi she didn't sleep much, she hardly slept.

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guérilla
nf
guerrilla warfare; (groupe) guerillas.

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guérir
vt
(personne, maladie, mal) cure (de of ) (plaie, membre) heal. vi get better; (blessure) heal; ~ de recover from.

guérison nf curing; healing; (de personne) recovery.

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guerre
nf
war; en ~ at war; faire la ~ wage war (à against ) ~ civile civil war; ~ mondiale world war.

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guerrier
-ière a
warlike. nm, f warrior.

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guet
nm
watch; faire le ~ be on the watch.

guet-apens (pl guets-apens ) nm ambush.

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guetter
vt
watch; (attendre) watch out for.

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gueule
nf
mouth; (figurefam) face; ta ~ ! p shut up !; ~ de bois fam hangover.

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gueuleton
nm
fam blowout, slap-up meal.

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gui
nm
mistletoe.

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guichet
nm
window, counter; (de gare) ticket-office; (Théât) box-office; jouer à ~s fermés (pièce) be sold out; ~ automatique cash dispenser.

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guide
nm
guide. nf (fille scout) girl guide.

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guider
vt
guide.

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guidon
nm
handlebars.

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guignol
nm
puppet; (personne) clown; (spectacle) puppet-show.

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guillemets
nmpl
quotation marks, inverted commas; entre ~ in inverted commas.

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guillotine
nf
guillotine.

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guimauve
nf
marshmallow; c'est de la ~ fam it's slushy ou schmaltzy fam.

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guindé
~e a
stiff, formal; (style) stilted.

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guirlande
nf
garland; tinsel.

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guitare
nf
guitar.

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gym
nf
gymnastics; (Scol) physical education, PE.

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gymnase
nm
gym- (nasium) .

gymnastique nf gymnastics.

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gynécologie
nf
gynaecology.

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H

habile
a
skilful, clever.

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habillé
~e a
(vêtement) smart; (soirée) formal.

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habillement
nm
clothing.

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habiller
vt
dress (de in ) (équiper) clothe; (recouvrir) cover (de with ) .

s'~ vpr get dressed; (élégamment) dress up.

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habit
nm
(de personnage) outfit; (de cérémonie) tails; ~s clothes.

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habitant
~e nm, f
(de maison, quartier) resident; (de pays) inhabitant.

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habitat
nm
(mode de peuplement) settlement; (conditions) housing.

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habitation
nf
(logement) house.

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habité
~e a
(terre) inhabited.

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habiter
vi
live. vt live in.

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habitude
nf
habit; avoir l'~ de be used to; d'~ usually; comme d'~ as usual.

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habitué
~e nm, f
(client) regular.

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habituel
~le a
usual.

habituellement adv usually.

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habituer
vt
~ qn à get sb used to.

s'

~ à vpr get used to.

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hache
nf
axe.

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haché
~e a
(viande) minced; (phrases) jerky.

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hacher
vt
mince; (au couteau) chop.

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hachis
nm
minced meat; (US) ground meat; ~ Parmentier shepherd's pie .

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hachisch
nm
hashish.

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hachoir
nm
(appareil) mincer; (couteau) chopper; (planche) chopping board.

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haie
nf
hedge; (de personnes) line; course de ~s hurdle race.

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haillon
nm
rag.

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haine
nf
hatred.

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haïr
vt
hate.

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hâlé
a
(sun-) tanned.

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haleine
nf
breath; travail de longue ~ long job.

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haleter
vi
pant.

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hall
nm
hall; (de gare) concourse.

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halle
nf
market hall; ~s covered market.

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halte
nf
stop; faire ~ stop. interj stop; (Mil) halt.

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haltère
nm
dumbbell; faire des ~s to do weightlifting.

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hameau
(pl ~x ) nm
hamlet.

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hameçon
nm
hook.

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hanche
nf
hip.

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handicap
nm
handicap.

handicapé, ~e a & nm, f disabled (person) .

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hangar
nm
shed; (pour avions) hangar.

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hanter
vt
haunt.

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hantise
nf
dread; avoir la ~ de dread.

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haras
nm
stud-farm.

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harasser
vt
exhaust.

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harcèlement
nm
~ sexuel sexual harassment.

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harceler
vt
harass.

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hardi
~e a
bold.

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hareng
nm
herring.

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hargne
nf
(aggressive) bad temper.

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haricot
nm
bean; ~ vert French bean; (US) green bean.

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harmonie
nf
harmony.

harmonieux, -ieuse a harmonious.

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harmoniser
vt
harmonize.

s'~ vpr harmonize.

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harnacher
vt
harness.

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harnais
nm
harness.

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harpe
nf
harp.

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harpon
nm
harpoon.

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hasard
nm
chance; (coïncidence) coincidence; les ~s de the fortunes of; au ~ (choisir etc.) at random; (flâner) aimlessly.

hasardeux, -euse a risky.

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hasarder
vt
risk; (remarque) venture.

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hâte
nf
haste; à la ~, en ~ hurriedly; avoir ~ de look forward to.

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hâter
vt
hasten.

se ~ vpr hurry (de to ) .

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hâtif
-ive a
hasty; (précoce) early.

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hausse
nf
rise (de in ) ~des prix price rise; en ~ rising.

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hausser
vt
raise; (épaules) shrug.

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haut
~e a
high; (de taille) tall; à voix ~e aloud; ~ en couleur colourful; plus ~ higher up; (dans un texte) above; en ~ lieu in high places. adv high; tout ~ out loud. nm top; des ~s et des bas ups and downs; en ~ (regarder) up; (à l'étage) upstairs; en ~ de ) at the top (of) .

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hautbois
nm
oboe.

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haut-de-forme
(pl hauts-de-forme ) nm
top hat.

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hauteur
nf
height; (colline) hill; (arrogance) haughtiness; être à la ~ be up to it; à la ~ de (ville) near; être à la ~ de la situation be equal to the situation.

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haut-le-cœur
nm inv
nausea.

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haut-parleur
(pl ~s ) nm
loudspeaker.

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havre
nm
haven (de of ) .

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hayon
nm
(Auto) hatchback.

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hebdomadaire
a & nm
weekly.

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hébergement
nm
accommodation.

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héberger
vt
(ami) put up; (réfugiés) take in.

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hébreu
(pl ~x ) am
Hebrew. nm (Ling) Hebrew; c'est de l'~! it's all Greek to me!

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Hébreu
(pl ~x ) nm
Hebrew; les ~x the Hebrews.

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hécatombe
nf
slaughter.

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hectare
nm
hectare (= 10,000 square metres) .

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hélas
interj
alas. adv sadly.

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hélice
nf
propeller.

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hélicoptère
nm
helicopter.

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helvétique
a
Swiss.

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hématome
nm
bruise.

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hémorragie
nf
haemorrhage.

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hémorroïdes
nfpl
piles, haemorrhoids.

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hennir
vi
neigh.

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hépatite
nf
hepatitis.

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herbe
nf
grass; (Méd, Culin) herb; en ~ in the blade; (fig) budding.

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héréditaire
a
hereditary.

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hérédité
nf
heredity.

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hérisser
vt
bristle; ~ qn (fig) ruffle sb.

se ~ vpr bristle.

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hérisson
nm
hedgehog.

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héritage
nm
inheritance; (spirituel) heritage.

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hériter
vt/i
inherit (de from ) ~ de qch inherit sth.

héritier, -ière nm, f heir, heiress.

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hermétique
a
airtight; (fig) unfathomable.

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hernie
nf
hernia.

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héroïne
nf
(femme) heroine; (drogue) heroin.

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héroïque
a
heroic.

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héros
nm
hero.

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hésiter
vi
hesitate (à to ) j'hésite I'm not sure.

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hétérogène
a
heterogeneous.

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hétérosexuel
~le nm/ f & a
heterosexual.

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hêtre
nm
beech.

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heure
nf
time; (soixante minutes) hour; quelle ~ est-il? what time is it?; il est dix ~s it is ten o'clock; à l'~ (venir, être) on time; d'~ en ~ by the hour; toutes les deux ~s every two hours; ~ de pointe rush-hour; ~ de cours (Scol) period; ~ indue ungodly hour; ~s creuses off peak periods; ~s supplémentaires overtime.

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heureusement
adv
fortunately, luckily.

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heureux
-euse a
happy; (chanceux) lucky, fortunate.

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heurt
nm
collision; (conflit) clash; sans ~ smoothly.

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heurter
vt
(cogner) hit; (mur) bump into, hit; (choquer) offend.

se ~ à vpr bump into, hit; (fig) come up against.

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hexagone
nm
hexagon; l'~ France.

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hiberner
vi
hibernate.

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hibou
(pl ~x ) nm
owl.

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hier
adv
yesterday; ~ soir last night, yesterday evening.

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hiérarchie
nf
hierarchy.

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hilare
a
(visage) merry; être ~ be laughing.

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hindou
~e a & nm, f
Hindu.

H~, ~e nm, f Hindu.

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hippique
a
equestrian; le concours ~ showjumping.

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hippodrome
nm
racecourse.

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hippopotame
nm
hippopotamus.

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hirondelle
nf
swallow.

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hisser
vt
hoist, haul.

se ~ vpr heave oneself up.

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histoire
nf
(récit) story; (étude) history; (affaire) business; (~(s) chichis) (fuss; ennuis) (trouble. historique a historical. )

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hiver
nm
winter.

hivernal, ~e (mpl -aux ) a winter; (glacial) wintry.

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H.L.M.
abbrév m ou f
(habitation à loyer modéré ) block of council flats; (US) low-rent apartment building.

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hocher
vt
~ la tête (pour dire oui) nod; (pour dire non) shake one's head.

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hochet
nm
rattle.

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hockey
nm
hockey; ~ sur glace ice hockey.

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hollandais
~e a
Dutch. nm (Ling) Dutch.

H~, ~e nm, f Dutchman, Dutchwoman.

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Hollande
nf
Holland.

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homard
nm
lobster.

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homéopathie
nf
homoeopathy.

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homicide
nm
homicide; ~ involontaire manslaughter.

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hommage
nm
tribute; ~s (salutations) respects; rendre ~ à pay tribute to.

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homme
nm
man; (espèce) man (kind) ~ d'affaires businessman; ~ de la rue man in the street; ~ d'État statesman; ~ politique politician.

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homogène
a
homogeneous.

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homonyme
nm
(personne) namesake.

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homosexualité
nf
homosexuality.

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homosexuel
~le a & nm, f
homosexual.

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Hongrie
nf
Hungary.

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hongrois
~e a
Hungarian. nm (Ling) Hungarian.

H~, ~e nm, f Hungarian.

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honnête
a
honest; (juste) fair.

honnêteté nf honesty.

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honneur
nm
honour; (mérite) credit; d'~ (invité, place) of honour; en l'~de in honour of; en quel ~? fam why?; faire ~ à (équipe, famille) bring credit to.

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honorable
a
honourable; (convenable) respectable.

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honoraire
a
honorary.

honoraires nmpl fees.

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honorer
vt
honour; (faire honneur à) do credit to.

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honte
nf
shame; avoir ~ be ashamed (de of ) faire ~ à make ashamed.

honteux, -euse a (personne) ashamed (de of ) (action) shameful.

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hôpital
(pl -aux ) nm
hospital.

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hoquet
nm
le ~ (the) hiccups.

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horaire
a
hourly. nm timetable; ~s libres flexitime.

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horizon
nm
horizon; (Fig) outlook.

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horizontal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
horizontal.

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horloge
nf
clock.

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hormis
prép
save.

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hormonal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
hormonal, hormone.

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hormone
nf
hormone.

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horreur
nf
horror; avoir ~ de hate.

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horrible
a
horrible.

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horrifier
vt
horrify.

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hors
prép
~ de outside, (avec mouvement) out of; ~ d'atteinte out of reach; ~ d'haleine out of breath; ~ de prix extremely expensive; ~ pair outstanding; ~ de soi beside oneself.

hors-bord nm inv speedboat.

hors-d'œuvre nm inv hors-d'œuvre.

hors-jeu a inv offside.

hors-la-loi nm inv outlaw.

hors-piste nm off-piste skiing.

hors-taxe a inv duty-free.

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horticulteur
-trice nm, f
horticulturist.

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hospice
nm
home.

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hospitalier
-ière a
hospitable; (Méd) hospital.

hospitaliser vt take to hospital.

hospitalité nf hospitality.

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hostile
a
hostile.

hostilité nf hostility.

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hôte
nm
(maître) host; (invité) guest.

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hôtel
nm
hotel; d (particulier ) (private) mansion; ~ de ville town hall.

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hôtelier
-ière a
hotel. nm, f hotel keeper.

hôtellerie nf hotel business.

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hôtesse
nf
hostess; ~ de l'air stewardess.

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hotte
nf
basket; ~ aspirante extractor (hood) (US) ventilator.

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houblon
nm
le ~ hops.

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houille
nf
coal; ~ blanche hydroelectric power.

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houle
nf
swell.

houleux, -euse a (mer) rough; (débat) stormy.

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housse
nf
cover; ~ de siège seat cover.

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houx
nm
holly.

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huées
nfpl
boos.

huer vt boo.

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huile
nf
oil; (personnefam) bigwig.

huiler vt oil.

huileux, -euse a oily.

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huis
nm
à ~ clos in camera.

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huissier
nm
(Jur) bailiff; (portier) usher.

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huit
a
eight; ~ jours a week; lundi en ~ a week on Monday. nm eight.

huitième a & nmf eighth.

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huître
nf
oyster.

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humain
~e a
human; (compatissant) humane.

humanitaire a humanitarian.

humanité nf humanity.

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humble
a
humble.

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humeur
nf
mood; (tempérament) temper; de bonne / mauvaise ~ in a good/bad mood.

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humide
a
damp; (chaleur, climat) humid; (lèvres, yeux) moist.

humidité nf humidity.

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humilier
vt
humiliate.

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humoristique
a
humorous.

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humour
nm
humour; avoir de l'~ have a sense of humour.

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hurlement
nm
howl (ing) .

hurler vt/i howl.

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hutte
nf
hut.

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hydratant
~e a
(lotion) moisturizing.

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hydravion
nm
seaplane.

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hydroélectrique
a
hydroelectric.

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hydrogène
nm
hydrogen.

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hygiène
nf
hygiene.

hygiénique a hygienic.

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hymne
nm
hymn; ~ national national anthem.

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hyperlien
nm
(Internet) hyperlink.

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hypermarché
nm
(supermarché) hypermarket.

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hypertension
nf
high blood-pressure.

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hypertexte
nm
(Internet) hypertext.

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hypnotiser
vt
hypnotize.

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hypocrisie
nf
hypocrisy.

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hypocrite
a
hypocritical. nmf hypocrite.

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hypothèque
nf
mortgage.

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hypothèse
nf
hypothesis.

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hystérie
nf
hysteria.

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I

ici
adv
(dans l'espace) here; (dans le temps) now; d'~ demain by tomorrow; d'~ là in the meantime; d'~ peu shortly; ~ même in this very place; jusqu'~ until now; (dans le passé) until then.

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idéal
~e (mpl -aux ) a & nm
ideal.

idéaliser vt idealize.

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idée
nf
idea; (esprit) mind; avoir dans l'~ de faire plan to do; il ne me viendrait jamais à l'~ de faire it would never occur to me to do; ~ fixe obsession; ~ reçue conventional opinion.

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identification
nf
identification.

identifier vt s'identifier vpr identify (à with ) .

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identique
a
identical.

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identité
nf
identity.

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idéologie
nf
ideology.

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idiome
nm
idiom.

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idiot
~e a
idiotic. nm, f idiot.

idiotie nf idiocy; (acte, parole) idiotic thing.

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idole
nf
idol.

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if
nm
yew.

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ignare
a
ignorant. nmf ignoramus.

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ignoble
a
vile.

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ignorance
nf
ignorance.

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ignorant
~e a
ignorant. nm, f ignoramus.

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ignorer
vt
not know; je l'ignore I don't know; (personne) ignore.

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il
pron
(personne, animal familier) he; (chose, animal) it; (impersonnel) it; ~ est vrai que it is true that; ~ neige/pleut it is snowing/raining; ~ y a there is; (pluriel) there are; (temps) ago; (durée) for; ~ y a 2 ans 2 years ago; ~ y a plus d'une heure que j'attends I've been waiting for over an hour.

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île
nf
island; ~ déserte desert island; ~s anglo-normandes Channel Islands; ~s Britanniques British Isles.

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illégal
~e (mpl ~aux ) a
illegal.

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illégitime
a
illegitimate.

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illettré
~e a & nm, f
illiterate.

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illicite
a
illicit; (Jur) unlawful.

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illimité
~e a
unlimited.

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illisible
a
illegible; (livre) unreadable.

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illogique
a
illogical.

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illuminé
~e a
lit up; (monument) floodlit.

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illusion
nf
illusion; se faire des ~s delude oneself.

illusoire a illusory.

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illustre
a
illustrious.

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illustré
~e a
illustrated. nm comic.

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illustrer
vt
illustrate.

s'~ vpr become famous.

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îlot
nm
islet; (de maisons) block.

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ils
pron
they.

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image
nf
picture; (métaphore) image; (reflet) reflection.

imagé, ~e a full of imagery.

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imaginaire
a
imaginary.

imaginatif, -ive a imaginative.

imagination nf imagination.

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imaginer
vt
imagine; (inventer) think up.

s'~ vpr (se représenter) imagine (que that ) (croire) think (que that ) .

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imbécile
a
idiotic. nmf idiot.

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imbiber
vt
soak (de with ) .

s'~ vpr become soaked (de with ) .

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imbriqué
~e a
(lié) interlinked, interlocking; (tuiles) overlapping.

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imbu
~e a
~ de full of.

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imitateur
-trice nm, f
imitator; (comédien) impersonator.

imiter vt imitate; (personnage) impersonate; (signature) forge; (faire comme) do the same as.

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immatriculation
nf
registration.

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immatriculer
vt
register; se faire ~ register; faire ~ une voiture have a car registered.

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immédiat
~e a
immediate. nm dans l'~ for the time being.

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immense
a
huge, immense.

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immerger
vt
immerse.

s'~ vpr immerse oneself (dans in ) .

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immeuble
nm
block of flats, building; ~ de bureaux office building ou block.

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immigrant
~e a & nm, f
immigrant.

immigration nf immigration.

immigré, ~e a & nm, f immigrant.

immigrer vi immigrate.

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imminent
~e a
imminent.

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immobile
a
still, motionless.

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immobilier
-ière a
property; agence immobilière estate agent's office; (US) real estate office; agent ~ estate agent; (US) real estate agent. nm l'~ property; (US) real estate.

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immobiliser
vt
immobilize; (stopper) stop.

s'~ vpr stop.

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immonde
a
filthy.

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immoral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
immoral.

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immortel
~le a
immortal.

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immuable
a
unchanging.

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immuniser
vt
immunize; immunisé contre (à l'abri de) immune to.

immunité nf immunity.

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impact
nm
impact.

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impair
~e a
(numéro) odd. nm blunder, faux pas.

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imparfait
~e a & nm
imperfect.

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impasse
nf
(rue) dead end; (situation) deadlock.

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impatient
~e a
impatient.

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impatienter
vt
annoy.

s'~ vpr get impatient (contre qn with sb ) .

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impayé
~e a
unpaid.

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impeccable
a
(propre) impeccable, spotless; (soigné) perfect.

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impensable
a
unthinkable.

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impératif
-ive a
imperative. nm (Gram) imperative; (contrainte) imperative; ~s (exigences) requirements, demands (de of ) .

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impératrice
nf
empress.

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impérial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
imperial.

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impérieux
-ieuse a
imperious; (pressant) pressing.

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imperméable
a
impervious (à to ) (manteau, tissu) waterproof. nm raincoat.

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impersonnel
~le a
impersonal.

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impertinent
~e a
impertinent.

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imperturbable
a
unshakeable, unruffled.

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impétueux
-euse a
impetuous.

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impitoyable
a
merciless.

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implant
nm
implant.

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implanter
vt
establish, set up.

s'~ vpr become established.

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implication
nf
(conséquence) implication; (participation) involvement.

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impliquer
vt
(mêler) implicate (dans in ) (signifier) imply, mean (que that ) (nécessiter) involve (de faire doing ) .

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implorer
vt
implore, beg for.

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impoli
~e a
impolite, rude.

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importance
nf
importance; (taille) size; (ampleur) extent; sans ~ unimportant.

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important
~e a
important; (en quantité) considerable, sizeable, big; (air) self-important. nm l'~ the important thing.

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importateur
-trice nm, f
importer. a importing.

importation nf import.

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importer
vt
(Comm) import. vi matter, be important (à to ) il importe que it is important that; n'importe peu importe it does not matter; n'importe comment anyhow; n'importe où anywhere; n'importe qui anybody; n'importe quoi anything.

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importun
~e a
troublesome. nm, f nuisance.

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imposer
vt
impose (à on ) (taxer) tax; en ~ à qn impress sb.

s'~ vpr (action) be essential; (se faire reconnaître) stand out; (s'astreindre à) s'~ de faire force oneself to do.

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imposition
nf
taxation; ~ des mains laying-on of hands.

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impossible
a
impossible. nm faire l'~ do one's utmost.

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impôt
nm
tax; ~s (contributions) tax (ation) , taxes; ~ sur le revenu income tax.

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impotent
~e a
disabled.

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imprécis
~e a
imprecise.

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imprégner
vt
fill (de with ) (imbiber) impregnate (de with ) .

s'

~ de vpr (fig) immerse oneself in.

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impression
nf
impression; (de livre) printing.

impressionnant a impressive; (choquant) disturbing.

impressionner vt impress; (choquer) disturb.

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imprévisible
a
unpredictable.

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imprévu
~e a
unexpected. nm unexpected incident; sauf ~ unless anything unexpected happens.

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imprimante
nf
(Ordinat) printer; ~ à jet d'encre ink-jet printer; ~ (à) laser laser printer.

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imprimé
~e a
printed. nm printed form.

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imprimer
vt
print; (marquer) imprint.

imprimerie nf (art) printing; (lieu) printing works.

imprimeur nm printer.

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improbable
a
unlikely, improbable.

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impropre
a
incorrect; ~ à unfit for.

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improviste:
à l'~ loc
unexpectedly.

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imprudence
nf
carelessness; (acte) careless action.

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imprudent
~e a
careless; il est ~ de it is unwise to.

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impudent
~e a
impudent.

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impuissant
~e a
helpless; (Méd) impotent; ~ à faire powerless to do.

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impulsif
-ive a
impulsive.

impulsion nf (poussée, influence) impetus; (instinct, mouvement) impulse.

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impur
~e a
impure.

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imputer
vt
~ à attribute to, impute to.

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inabordable
a
(prix) prohibitive.

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inacceptable
a
unacceptable.

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inactif
-ive a
inactive.

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inadapté
~e a
maladjusted. nm, f (Psych) maladjusted person.

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inadmissible
a
unacceptable.

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inadvertance
nf
par ~ by mistake.

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inanimé
~e a
(évanoui) unconscious; (mort) lifeless; (matière) inanimate.

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inaperçu
~e a
unnoticed.

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inapte
a
unsuited (à to ) ~ à faire incapable of doing; ~ au service militaire unfit for military service.

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inattendu
~e a
unexpected.

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inaugurer
vt
inaugurate.

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incapable
a
incapable (de qch of sth ) ~ de faire unable to do, incapable of doing. nmf incompetent.

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incapacité
nf
inability, incapacity; être dans l'~ de faire be unable to do.

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incarcérer
vt
imprison, incarcerate.

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incarnation
nf
embodiment, incarnation.

incarné, ~e a (ongle) ingrowing.

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incassable
a
unbreakable.

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incendiaire
a
incendiary; (propos) inflammatory. nmf arsonist.

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incendie
nm
fire; ~ criminel arson.

incendier vt set fire to.

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incertain
~e a
uncertain; (contour) vague; (temps) unsettled.

incertitude nf uncertainty.

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inceste
nm
incest.

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incidence
nf
effect.

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incident
nm
incident; ~ technique technical hitch.

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incinérer
vt
incinerate; (mort) cremate.

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inciser
vt
make an incision in; (abcès) lance.

incisif, -ive a incisive.

incision nf incision; (d'abcès) lancing.

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incitation
nf
(Jur) incitement (à to ) (encouragement) incentive.

inciter vt incite (à to ) (encourager) encourage.

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inclinaison
nf
incline; (de la tête) tilt.

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inclination
nf
(penchant) inclination; (geste) (du buste) bow; (de la tête) nod.

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incliner
vt
tilt, lean; (courber) bend; (inciter) encourage (à to ) ~ la tête (approuver) nod; (révérence) bow. vi

~ à be inclined to.

s'~ vpr lean forward; (se courber) bow down (devant before ) (céder) give in, yield (devant to ) (chemin) slope.

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inclure
vt
include; (enfermer) enclose; jusqu'au lundi inclus up to and including Monday.

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incohérence
nf
incoherence; (contradiction) discrepancy.

incohérent, ~e a incoherent, inconsistent.

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incolore
a
colourless; (verre) clear.

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incommoder
vt
inconvenience, bother.

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incompatible
a
incompatible.

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incompétent
~e a
incompetent.

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incomplet
-ète a
incomplete.

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incompréhension
nf
lack of understanding.

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incompris
~e a
misunderstood.

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inconcevable
a
inconceivable.

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incongru
~e a
unseemly.

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inconnu
~e a
unknown (à to ) . nm, f stranger. nm l'~ the unknown.

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inconscience
nf
unconsciousness; (folie) madness.

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inconscient
~e a
unconscious (de of ) (fou) mad. nm (Psych) subconscious.

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incontestable
a
indisputable.

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incontrôlable
a
unverifiable; (non maîtrisé) uncontrollable.

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inconvenant
~e a
improper.

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inconvénient
nm
disadvantage, drawback; (objection) objection.

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incorporer
vt
incorporate; (Culin) blend (à into ) (Mil) enlist.

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incorrect
~e a
(faux) incorrect; (malséant) improper; (impoli) impolite; (déloyal) unfair.

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incrédule
a
incredulous.

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incriminer
vt
(personne) incriminate; (conduite, action) attack.

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incroyable
a
incredible.

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incruster
vt
inlay (de with ) .

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incubateur
nm
incubator.

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inculpation
nf
charge (de, pour of ) .

inculpé, ~e nm, f accused.

inculper vt charge (de with ) .

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inculquer
vt
instil (à into ) .

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inculte
a
uncultivated; (personne) uneducated.

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incurver
vt
curve, bend.

s'~ vpr curve, bend.

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Inde
nf
India.

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indécent
~e a
indecent.

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indécis
~e a
(de nature) indecisive; (temporairement) undecided.

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indéfini
~e a
(Gram) indefinite; (vague) undefined; (sans limites) indeterminate.

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indemne
a
unharmed.

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indemniser
vt
compensate (de for ) .

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indemnité
nf
indemnity, compensation; (allocation) allowance; ~s de licenciement redundancy payment.

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indépendance
nf
independence.

indépendant, ~e a independent.

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indéterminé
~e a
unspecified.

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index
nm
forefinger; (liste) index.

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indicateur
-trice nm, f
(police) informer. nm (livre) guide; (Tech) indicator.

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indicatif
-ve a
indicative (de of ) . nm (à la radio) signature tune; (téléphonique) dialling code; (Gram) indicative.

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indication
nf
indication; (renseignement) information; (directive) instruction.

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indice
nm
sign; (dans une enquête) clue; (des prix) index; (évaluation) rating; ~ d'écoute audience ratings.

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indifférence
nf
indifference.

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indifférent
~e a
indifferent (à to ) ça m'est ~ it makes no difference to me.

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indigène
a & nmf
native, indigenous; (du pays) local. nmf native.

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indigent
~e a
destitute.

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indigeste
a
indigestible.

indigestion nf indigestion.

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indigne
a
unworthy (de of ) (acte) vile.

indigner (s' ) vpr become indignant (de at ) .

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indiqué
~e a
(heure) appointed; (opportun) appropriate; (conseillé) recommended.

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indiquer
vt
(montrer) show, indicate; (renseigner sur) point out, tell; (déterminer) give, state, appoint; ~ du doigt point to ou out ou at.

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indirect
~e a
indirect.

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indiscipliné
~e a
unruly.

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indiscret
-ète a
(personne) inquisitive; (question) indiscreet.

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indiscutable
a
unquestionable.

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indispensable
a
indispensable; il est ~ qu'il vienne it is essential that he comes.

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individu
nm
individual.

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individuel
~le a
(pour une personne) individual; (qui concerne l'individu) personal; chambre ~le single room; maison ~le detached house.

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indolore
a
painless.

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Indonésie
nf
Indonesia.

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indu
~e a
à une heure ~e at some ungodly hour.

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induire
vt
infer (de from ) (inciter) induce (à faire to do ) ~ en erreur mislead.

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indulgence
nf
indulgence; (de jury) leniency.

indulgent, ~e a indulgent; (clément) lenient.

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industrialisé
~e a
industrialized.

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industrie
nf
industry.

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industriel
~le a
industrial. nm industrialist.

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inédit
~e a
unpublished; (fig) original.

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inefficace
a
(remède, mesure) ineffective; (appareil, système) inefficient.

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inégal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
unequal; (irrégulier) uneven.

inégalable a matchless.

inégalité nf (injustice) inequality; (irrégularité) unevenness; (disproportion) disparity.

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inéluctable
a
inescapable.

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inepte
a
inept, absurd.

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inerte
a
inert; (immobile) lifeless; (sans énergie) apathetic.

inertie nf inertia; (fig) apathy.

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inespéré
~e a
unhoped for.

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inestimable
a
priceless; (aide) invaluable.

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inexact
~e a
(imprécis) inaccurate; (incorrect) incorrect.

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in extremis
adv
(par nécessité) as a last resort; (au dernier moment) at the last minute. a last-minute.

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infaillible
a
infallible.

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infâme
a
vile.

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infantile
a
(puéril) infantile; (maladie) childhood; (mortalité) infant.

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infarctus
nm
coronary, heart attack.

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infatigable
a
tireless.

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infect
~e a
revolting.

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infecter
vt
infect.

s'~ vpr become infected.

infectieux, -ieuse a infectious.

infection nf infection.

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inférieur
~e a
(plus bas) lower; (moins bon) inferior (à to ) ~ à (plus petit que) smaller than; (plus bas que) lower than. nm, f inferior.

infériorité nf inferiority.

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infernal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
infernal.

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infester
vt
infest.

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infidèle
a
unfaithful (à to ) .

infidélité nf unfaithfulness; (acte) infidelity.

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infiltrers'
vpr
s'~ (dans ) (personnes, idées) infiltrate; (liquide) seep through.

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infime
a
tiny, minute.

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infini
~e a
infinite. nm infinity; à l'~ endlessly.

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infinité
nf
l'~ infinity; une ~ de an endless number of.

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infinitif
nm
infinitive.

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infirme
a
disabled. nmf disabled person.

infirmerie nf sickbay, infirmary.

infirmier nm (male) nurse.

infirmière nf nurse.

infirmité nf disability.

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inflammable
a
in- flammable.

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inflation
nf
inflation.

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infliger
vt
inflict; (sanction) impose.

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influence
nf
influence.

influencer vt influence.

influent, ~e a influential.

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influer
vi
~ sur influence.

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informateur
-trice nm, f
informant; (pour la police) informer.

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informaticien
~ne nm, f
computer scientist.

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information
nf
information; (Jur) inquiry; une ~ (some) information; (nouvelle) (some) news; les ~s the news.

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informatique
nf
computer science; (techniques) information technology.

informatiser vt computerize.

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informer
vt
inform (de about, of ) .

s'~ vpr enquire (de about ) .

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inforoute
nf
(Ordinat) information highway.

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infortune
nf
misfortune.

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infraction
nf
offence; ~ à (loi, règlement) breach of.

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infrastructure
nf
infrastructure; (équipements) facilities.

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infructueux
-euse a
fruitless.

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infuser
vt/i
infuse, brew.

infusion nf herbal tea, infusion.

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ingénier
(s' ) vpr
s'~ à strive to.

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ingénieur
nm
engineer.

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ingénieux
-ieuse a
ingenious.

ingéniosité nf ingenuity.

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ingénu
~e a
naïve.

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ingérence
nf
interference.

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ingérers'
vpr
s'~ dans interfere in.

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ingrat
~e a
(personne) ungrateful; (travail) unrewarding, thankless; (visage) unattractive.

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ingrédient
nm
ingredient.

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ingurgiter
vt
swallow.

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inhabité
~e a
uninhabited.

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inhabituel
~le a
unusual.

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inhumain
~e a
inhuman.

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inhumation
nf
burial.

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initial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
initial.

initiale nf initial.

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initialisation
nf
(Ordinat) formatting.

initialiser vt format.

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initiation
nf
initiation; (formation) introduction (à to ) cours d'~ introductory course.

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initiative
nf
initiative.

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initier
vt
initiate (à into ) (faire découvrir) introduce (à to ) .

s'~ vpr s'~ à qch learn sth.

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injecter
vt
inject; injecté de sang bloodshot.

injection nf injection.

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injure
nf
insult.

injurier vt insult.

injurieux, -ieuse a insulting.

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injuste
a
unjust, unfair.

injustice nf injustice.

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inné
~e a
innate, inborn.

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innocence
nf
innocence.

innocent, ~e a & nm, f innocent.

innocenter vt clear, prove innocent.

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innombrable
a
countless.

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innovateur
-trice nm, f
innovator.

innovation nf innovation.

innover vi innovate.

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inodore
a
odourless.

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inoffensif
-ive a
harmless.

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inondation
nf
flood; (action) flooding.

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inonder
vt
flood; (mouiller) soak; (envahir) inundate (de with ) inondé de soleil bathed in sunlight.

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inopiné
~e a
unexpected; (mort) sudden.

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inopportun
~e a
inopportune, ill-timed.

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inoubliable
a
unforgettable.

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inouï
~e a
incredible; (événement) unprecedented.

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inox®
nm
stainless steel.

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inoxydable
a
acier ~ stainless steel.

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inqualifiable
a
unspeakable.

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inquiet
-iète a
worried.

inquiétant, ~e a worrying.

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inquiéter
vt
worry.

s'~ vpr worry (de about ) .

inquiétude nf anxiety, worry.

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insaisissable
a
(personne) elusive; (nuance) indefinable.

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insalubre
a
unhealthy.

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insatisfaisant
~e a
unsatisfactory.

insatisfait, ~e a (mécontent) dissatisfied; (frustré) unfulfilled.

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inscription
nf
inscription; (immatriculation) enrolment.

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inscrire
vt
write (down) (graver, tracer) inscribe; (personne) enrol; (sur une liste) put down.

s'~ vpr put one's name down; s'~ à (école) enrol at; (club, parti) join; (examen) enter for.

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insecte
nm
insect.

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insécurité
nf
insecurity.

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insensé
~e a
mad.

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insensibilité
nf
insensitivity.

insensible a insensitive (à to ) (graduel) imperceptible.

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insérer
vt
insert.

s'~ vpr be inserted; s'~ dans be part of.

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insigne
nm
badge; ~s (d'une fonction) insignia.

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insignifiant
~e a
insignificant.

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insinuation
nf
insinuation.

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insinuer
vt
insinuate.

s'~ vpr (socialement) ingratiate oneself (auprès de qn with sb ) s'~ dans (se glisser) slip into; (idée, nuance) creep into.

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insipide
a
insipid.

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insistance
nf
insistence.

insistant, ~e a insistent.

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insister
vi
insist (pour faire on doing ) ~ sur stress.

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insolation
nf
(Méd) sunstroke.

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insolent
~e a
insolent.

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insolite
a
unusual.

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insolvable
a
insolvent.

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insomnie
nf
insomnia.

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insonoriser
vt
soundproof.

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insouciance
nf
lack of concern.

insouciant, ~e a carefree.

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insoutenable
a
unbearable; (argument) untenable.

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inspecter
vt
inspect.

inspecteur, -trice nm, f inspector.

inspection nf inspection.

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inspiration
nf
inspiration; (respiration) breath.

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inspirer
vt
inspire; ~ la méfiance à qn inspire distrust in sb. vi breathe in.

s'~ de vpr be inspired by.

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instabilité
nf
instability; unsteadiness.

instable a unstable; (temps) unsettled.

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installation
nf
installation; (de local) fitting out; (de locataire) settling in.

installations nfpl facilities.

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installer
vt
install; (meuble) put in; (étagère) put up; (gaz, téléphone) connect; (équiper) fit out.

s'~ vpr settle (down) (emménager) settle in; s'~ comme set oneself up as.

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instance
nf
authority; (prière) entreaty; avec ~ with insistence; en ~ pending; en ~ de in the course of, on the point of.

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instant
nm
moment, instant; à l'~ this instant.

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instantané
~e a
instantaneous; (café) instant.

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instar:
à l'

~ de loc like.

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instaurer
vt
institute.

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instigateur
-trice nm, f
instigator.

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instinct
nm
instinct; d'~ instinctively.

instinctif, -ive a instinctive.

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instituer
vt
establish.

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institut
nm
institute; ~ de beauté beauty parlour.

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instituteur
-trice nm, f
primary-school teacher.

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institution
nf
institution; (école) private school.

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instructif
-ive a
instructive.

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instruction
nf
(formation) education; (Mil) training; (document) directive; ~s (ordres, mode d'emploi) instructions; (Ordinat) (énoncé) instruction; (pas de séquence) statement.

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instruire
vt
teach, educate; ~ de inform of.

s'~ vpr learn, educate oneself; s'~ de enquire about.

instruit, ~e a educated.

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instrument
nm
instrument; (outil) tool; (moyen: fig) instrument; ~ de gestion management tool; ~s de bord (Aviat) controls.

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insu:

à l'~ de loc without the knowledge of.

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insuffisance
nf
(pénurie) shortage; (médiocrité) inadequacy.

insuffisant, ~e a inadequate; (en nombre) insufficient.

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insulaire
a
island. nmf islander.

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insuline
nf
insulin.

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insulte
nf
insult.

insulter vt insult.

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insupportable
a
unbearable.

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insurgers'
vpr
rebel.

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intact
~e a
intact.

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intangible
a
intangible; (principe) inviolable.

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intarissable
a
inexhaustible.

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intégral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
complete; (texte, édition) unabridged; (paiement) full, in full.

intégralement adv in full.

intégralité nf whole.

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intègre
a
upright.

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intégrer
vt
integrate.

s'~ vpr (personne) integrate; (maison) fit in.

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intégriste
nmf
fundamentalist.

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intégrité
nf
integrity.

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intellect
nm
intellect.

intellectuel, ~le a & nm, f intellectual.

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intelligence
nf
intelligence; (compréhension) understanding; (complicité) agreement; agir d'~ avec qn act in agreement with sb.

intelligent, ~e a intelligent.

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intempéries
nfpl
severe weather.

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intempestif
-ive a
untimely.

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intenable
a
unbearable; (enfant) impossible.

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intendance
nf
(Scol) bursar's office.

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intendant
~e nm
(Mil) quartermaster. nm, f (Scol) bursar.

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intense
a
intense; (circulation) heavy.

intensif, -ive a intensive.

intensité nf intensity.

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intenter
vt
~ un procès ou une action institute proceedings (à, contre against ) .

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intention
nf
intention (de faire of doing ) à l'~ de qn for sb.

intentionnel, ~le a intentional.

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interactif
-ive a
(TV, vidéo) interactive.

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interaction
nf
interaction.

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intercaler
vt
insert.

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intercéder
vi
intercede (en faveur de on behalf of ) .

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intercepter
vt
intercept.

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interdiction
nf
ban; ~ de fumer no smoking.

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interdire
vt
forbid; (officiellement) ban, prohibit; ~ à qn de faire forbid sb to do.

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interdit
~e a
prohibited, forbidden; (étonné) dumbfounded.

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intéressant
~e a
interesting; (avantageux) attractive.

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intéressé
~e a
(en cause) concerned; (pour profiter) self-interested. nm, f person concerned.

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intéresser
vt
interest; (concerner) concern.

s'~ à vpr be interested in.

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intérêt
nm
interest; (égoïsme) self-interest; (~s ) (Comm) interest; vous avez ~ à it is in your interest to.

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interface
nf
(Ordinat) interface.

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intérieur
~e a
inner, inside; (mur, escalier) internal; (vol, politique) domestic; (vie, calme) inner. nm interior; (de boîte, tiroir) inside; àl'~ (de) inside; (fig) within.

intérieurement adv inwardly.

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intérim
nm
interim; assurer l'~ deputize (de for ) par ~ on an interim basis; président par ~ acting president; faire de l'~ temp.

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intérimaire
a
temporary, interim. nmf (secrétaire) temp; (médecin) locum.

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interjection
nf
interjection.

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interlocuteur
-trice nm, f
son ~ the person one is speaking to.

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interloqué
~e a
être ~ be taken aback.

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intermède
nm
interlude.

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intermédiaire
a
intermediate. nmf intermediary. nm sans ~ without an intermediary, direct; par l'~ de through.

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interminable
a
endless.

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intermittence
nf
par ~ intermittently.

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internat
nm
boardingschool.

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international
~e (mpl -aux ) a
international.

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internaute
nmf
(Ordinat) Netsurfer, Internet user.

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interne
a
internal; (cours, formation) in-house. nmf (Scol) boarder; (Méd) house officer; (US) intern.

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internement
nm
(Pol) internment.

interner vt (Pol) intern; (Méd) commit.

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Internet
nm
Internet.

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interpellation
nf
(Pol) questioning.

interpeller vt shout to; (apostropher) shout at; (interroger) question.

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interphone
nm
intercom; (d'immeuble) entry phone.

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interposers'
vpr
intervene.

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interprétariat
nm
interpreting.

interprétation nf interpretation; (d'artiste) performance.

interprète nmf interpreter; (artiste) performer.

interpréter vt interpret; (jouer) play; (chanter) sing.

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interrogateur
-trice a
questioning.

interrogatif, -ive a interrogative.

interrogation nf question; (action) questioning; (épreuve) test.

interrogatoire nm interrogation.

interroger vt question; (élève) test.

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interrompre
vt
break off, interrupt; (personne) interrupt.

s'~ vpr break off.

interrupteur nm switch.

interruption nf interruption; (arrêt) break.

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interurbain
~e a
long-distance, trunk.

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intervalle
nm
space; (temps) interval; dans l'~ in the meantime.

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intervenir
vi
(agir) intervene (auprès de qn with sb ) (survenir) occur, take place; (Méd) operate.

intervention nf intervention; (Méd) operation.

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intervertir
vt
invert; (rôles) reverse.

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interview
nf
interview.

interviewer vt interview.

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intestin
nm
intestine.

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intime
a
intimate; (fête, vie) private; (dîner) quiet. nmf intimate friend.

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intimider
vt
intimidate.

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intimité
nf
intimacy; (vie privée) privacy.

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intituler
vt
call, entitle.

s'~ vpr be called ou entitled.

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intolérable
a
intolerable.

intolérance nf intolerance.

intolérant, ~e a intolerant.

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intonation
nf
intonation.

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intox
nf
fam brainwashing.

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intoxication
nf
poisoning; (fig) brainwashing; ~ alimentaire food poisoning.

intoxiquer vt poison; (fig) brainwash.

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intraitable
a
inflexible.

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Intranet
nm
(Ordinat) Intranet.

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intransigeant
~e a
intransigent.

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intransitif
-ive a
intransitive.

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intraveineux
-euse a
intravenous.

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intrépide
a
fearless.

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intrigue
nf
intrigue; (scénario) plot.

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intrinsèque
a
intrinsic.

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introduction
nf
introduction; (insertion) insertion.

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introduire
vt
introduce, bring in; (insérer) put in, insert; ~ qn show sb in.

s'~ vpr get in; s'~ dans get into, enter.

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introuvable
a
that cannot be found.

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introverti
~e nm, f
introvert. a introverted.

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intrus
~e nm, f
intruder.

intrusion nf intrusion.

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intuitif
-ive a
intuitive.

intuition nf intuition.

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inusable
a
hardwearing.

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inusité
~e a
little used.

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inutile
a
useless; (vain) needless.

inutilement adv needlessly.

inutilisable a unusable.

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invalide
a & nmf
disabled (person) .

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invariable
a
invariable.

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invasion
nf
invasion.

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invectiver
vt
abuse.

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inventaire
nm
inventory; (Comm) stocklist; faire l'~ draw up an inventory; (Comm) do a stocktake.

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inventer
vt
invent.

inventeur, -trice nm, f inventor.

inventif, -ive a inventive.

invention nf invention.

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inverse
a
opposite; (ordre) reverse; en sens ~ in ou from the opposite direction. nm reverse; c'est l'~ it's the other way round.

inversement adv conversely.

inverser vt reverse, invert.

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investir
vt
invest.

investissement nm investment.

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investiture
nf
(de candidat) nomination; (de président) investiture.

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invétéré
~e a
inveterate; (menteur) compulsive; (enraciné) deep-rooted.

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invisible
a
invisible.

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invitation
nf
invitation.

invité, ~e nm, f guest.

inviter vt invite (à to ) .

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involontaire
a
involuntary; (témoin, héros) unwitting.

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invoquer
vt
call upon, invoke.

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invraisemblable
a
improbable, unlikely; (incroyable) incredible.

invraisemblance nf improbability.

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iode
nm
iodine.

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ira
irait ALLER .

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Irak
nm
Iraq.

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Iran
nm
Iran.

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iris
nm
iris.

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irlandais
~e a
Irish.

I~, ~e nm, f Irishman, Irishwoman.

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Irlande
nf
Ireland.

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ironie
nf
irony.

ironique a ironic.

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irrationnel
~le a
irrational.

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irréalisable
a
(idée, rêve) unachievable; (projet) unworkable.

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irrécupérable
a
irretrievable; (capital) irrecoverable.

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irréel
~le a
unreal.

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irréfléchi
~e a
thoughtless.

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irrégulier
-ière a
irregular.

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irrémédiable
a
irreparable.

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irremplaçable
a
irreplaceable.

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irréparable
a
(objet) beyond repair; (tort, dégâts) irreparable.

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irréprochable
a
flawless.

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irrésistible
a
irresistible; (drôle) hilarious.

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irrésolu
~e a
indecisive; (problème) unsolved.

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irrespirable
a
stifling.

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irresponsable
a
irresponsible.

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irrigation
nf
irrigation.

irriguer vt irrigate.

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irritable
a
irritable.

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irriter
vt
irritate.

s'~ vpr get annoyed (de at ) .

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irruption
nf
faire ~ dans burst into.

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Islam
nm
Islam.

islamique a Islamic.

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islandais
~e a
Icelandic. nm (Ling) Icelandic.

I~, ~e nm, f Icelander.

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Islande
nf
Iceland.

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isolant
nm
insulating material.

isolation nf insulation.

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isolé
~e a
isolated.

isolement nm isolation.

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isoler
vt
isolate; (Électr) insulate.

s'~ vpr isolate oneself.

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isoloir
nm
polling booth.

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Isorel
Ò nm
hardboard.

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Israël
nm
Israel.

israélien, ~ne a Israeli.

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israélite
a
Jewish. nmf Jew.

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issu
~e a
être ~ de (personne) come from; (résulter de) result ou stem from.

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issue
nf
(sortie) exit; (résultat) outcome; (fig) solution; à l'~ de at the conclusion of; ~ de secours emergency exit; rue ouvoie sans ~ dead end.

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Italie
nf
Italy.

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italien
~ne a
Italian. nm (Ling) Italian.

I~, ~ne nm, f Italian.

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italique
nm
italics.

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itinéraire
nm
itinerary, route.

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I.U.T.
abrév m
(Institut universitaire de technologie ) university institute of technology.

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I.V.G.
abrév f
(interruption volontaire de grossesse ) abortion.

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ivoire
nm
ivory.

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ivre
a
drunk.

ivresse nf drunkenness; (fig) exhilaration.

ivrogne nmf drunk (ard) .

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J

j'
JE.

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jacinthe
nf
hyacinth.

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jadis
adv
long ago.

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jaillir
vi
(liquide) spurt (out) (lumière) stream out; (apparaître) burst forth, spring out.

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jalonner
vt
mark (out) .

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jalousie
nf
jealousy; (store) (venetian) blind.

jaloux, -ouse a jealous.

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jamais
adv
ever; ne ~ never; il ne boit ~ he never drinks; à ~ for ever; si ~ if ever.

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jambe
nf
leg.

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jambon
nm
ham.

jambonneau (pl ~x ) nm knuckle of ham.

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janvier
nm
January.

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Japon
nm
Japan.

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japonais
~e a
Japanese. nm (Ling) Japanese.

J~, ~e nm, f Japanese.

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japper
vi
yap.

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jaquette
nf
(de livre, femme) jacket; (d'homme) morning coat.

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jardin
nm
garden; ~ d'enfants nursery (school) ~ public public park.

jardinage nm gardening.

jardiner vi do some gardening, garden.

jardinier, -ière nm, f gardener.

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jardinière
nf
(meuble) plant-stand; ~ de légumes mixed vegetables.

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jarretelle
nf
suspender; (US) garter.

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jarretière
nf
garter.

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jatte
nf
bowl.

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jauge
nf
capacity; (de navire) tonnage; (compteur) gauge; ~ d'huile dipstick.

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jaune
a & nm
yellow; (péj) scab; ~ d'œuf (egg) yolk; rire ~ give a forced laugh.

jaunir vt/i turn yellow.

jaunisse nf jaundice.

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javelot
nm
javelin.

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jazz
nm
jazz.

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J.C.
abrév m
(Jésus-Christ ) 500 avant/après ~ 500 B.C./A.D.

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je j'
pron
I.

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jean
nm
jeans; un ~ a pair of jeans.

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jet1
nm
throw; (de liquide, vapeur) jet; ~ d'eau fountain.

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jet2
nm
(avion) jet.

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jetable
a
disposable.

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jetée
nf
pier.

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jeter
vt
throw; (au rebut) throw away; (regard, ancre, lumière) cast; (cri) utter; (bases) lay; ~ un coup d'œil have ou take a look (à at ) .

se ~ vpr se ~ contre crash ou bash into; se ~ dans (fleuve) flow into; se ~ sur (se ruer sur) rush at.

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jeton
nm
token; (pour compter) counter; (au casino) chip.

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jeu
(pl ~x ) nm
game; (amusement) play; (au casino) gambling; (Théât) acting; (série) set; (de lumière, ressort) play; en ~ (honneur) at stake; (forces) at work; ~ de cartes (paquet) pack of cards; ~d'échecs (boîte) chess set; ~ de mots pun; ~ télévisé television quiz; ~x de grattage scratch cards.

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jeudi
nm
Thursday.

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jeun:
à ~ loc
on an empty stomach.

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jeune
a
young; ~ fille girl; ~s mariés newlyweds. nmf young person; les ~s young people.

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jeûne
nm
fast.

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jeunesse
nf
youth; (apparence) youthfulness; la ~ (jeunes) the young.

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joaillerie
nf
jewellery; (magasin) jeweller's shop.

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joie
nf
joy.

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joindre
vt
join (à to ) (mains, pieds) put together; (efforts) combine; (contacter) contact; (dans une enveloppe) enclose.

se ~ à vpr join.

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joint
~e a
(efforts) joint; (pieds) together. nm joint; (de robinet) washer.

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joli
~e a
pretty, nice; (somme, profit) nice; c'est du ~! (ironique) charming! c'est bien ~ mais that is all very well but.

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joncher
vt
litter, be strewn over; jonché de littered with.

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jonction
nf
junction.

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jongleur
-euse nm, f
juggler.

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jonquille
nf
daffodil.

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joue
nf
cheek.

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jouer
vt/i
play; (Théât) act; (au casino) gamble; (fonctionner) work; (film, pièce) put on; (cheval) back; (être important) count; ~ à (jeuSport) play; ~ de (Mus) play; ~ la comédie put on an act; bien joué! well done!

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jouet
nm
toy; (personne: fig) plaything; (victime) victim.

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joueur
-euse nm, f
player; (parieur) gambler.

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joufflu
~e a
chubby-cheeked; (visage) chubby.

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jouir
vi
(sexe) come; ~ de (droit, avantage) enjoy; (bien, concession) enjoy the use of.

jouissance nf pleasure; (usage) use (de qch of sth ) .

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joujou
(pl ~x ) nm
fam toy.

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jour
nm
day; (opposéà nuit) day (time) (lumière) daylight; (aspect) light; (ouverture) gap; de nos ~s nowadays; du ~ au lendemain overnight; il fait ~ it is (day) light; ~ chômé ouférié public holiday; ~ de fête holiday; ~ ouvrable ~ de travail working day; mettre à ~ update; mettre au ~ uncover; au grand ~ in the open; donner le ~ give birth; voir le ~ be born; vivre au ~ le jour live from day to day.

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journal
(pl -aux ) nm
(news) paper; (spécialisé) journal; (intime) diary; (à la radio) news; ~ de bord log-book.

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journalier
-ière a
daily.

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journalisme
nm
journalism.

journaliste nmf journalist.

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journée
nf
day.

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jovial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
jovial.

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joyau
(pl ~x ) nm
gem.

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joyeux
-euse a
merry, joyful; ~ anniversaire happy birthday.

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jubiler
vi
be jubilant.

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jucher
vt
perch.

se ~ vpr perch.

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judaïsme
nm
Judaism.

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judiciaire
a
judicial.

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judicieux
-ieuse a
judicious.

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judo
nm
judo.

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juge
nm
judge; (arbitre) referee; ~ de paix Justice of the Peace; ~ de touche linesman.

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jugé:
au ~ loc
by guesswork.

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jugement
nm
judgement; (criminel) sentence.

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juger
vt/i
judge; (estimer) consider (que that ) ~ de judge.

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juguler
vt
stamp out; curb.

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juif
-ive a
Jewish. nm, f Jew.

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juillet
nm
July.

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juin
nm
June.

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jumeau
-elle (mpl ~x ) a & nm, f
twin.

jumeler vt (villes) twin.

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jumelles
nfpl
binoculars.

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jument
nf
mare.

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junior
a & nmf
junior.

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jupe
nf
skirt.

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jupon
nm
slip, petticoat.

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juré
~e nm, f
juror. a sworn.

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jurer
vt
swear (que that ) . vi (pester) swear; (contraster) clash (avec with ) .

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juridiction
nf
jurisdiction; (tribunal) court of law.

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juridique
a
legal.

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juriste
nmf
legal expert.

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juron
nm
swear-word.

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jury
nm
(Jur) jury; (examinateurs) panel of judges.

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jus
nm
juice; (de viande) gravy; ~ de fruit fruit juice.

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jusque
prép
jusqu'à (up) to, as far as; (temps) until, till; (limite) up to; (y compris) even; jusqu'à ce que until; jusqu'à présent until now; jusqu'en until; jusqu'où? how far?; ~ dans, ~ sur as far as.

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juste
a
fair, just; (légitime) just; (correct, exact) right; (vrai) true; (vêtement) tight; (quantité) on the short side; le ~ milieu the happy medium. adv rightly, correctly; (chanter) in tune; (seulement, exactement) just; (un peu) ~ (calculer, mesurer) a bit fine ou close; au ~ exactly; c'était ~ (presque raté) it was a close thing.

justement adv (précisément) precisely; (à l'instant) just; (avec justesse) correctly; (légitimement) justifiably.

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justesse
nf
accuracy; de ~ just, narrowly.

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justice
nf
justice; (autorités) law; (tribunal) court.

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justifier
vt
justify. vi ~ de prove.

se ~ vpr justify oneself.

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juteux
-euse a
juicy.

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juvénile
a
youthful; (délinquance, mortalité) juvenile.

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K

kaki
a inv & nm
khaki.

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kangourou
nm
kangaroo.

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karaté
nm
karate.

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kart
nm
go-cart.

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kascher
a inv
kosher.

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kayak
nm
kayak.

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képi
nm
kepi.

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kermesse
nf
fête.

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kidnapper
vt
kidnap.

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kilo
nm
kilo.

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kilogramme
nm
kilogram.

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kilométrage
nm
mileage.

kilomètre nm kilometre.

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kinésithérapeute
nmf
physiotherapist.

kinésithérapie nf physiotherapy.

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kiosque
nm
kiosk; ~ à musique bandstand.

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kit
nm
kit.

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kiwi
nm
kiwi.

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klaxon®
nm
(Auto) horn.

klaxonner vi sound one's horn.

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Ko
abrév m
(kilo-octet ) (Ordinat) KB.

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KO
abrév m
(knock-out ) KO fam.

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K-way®
nm inv
windcheater.

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kyste
nm
cyst.

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L

l'
la LE.

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là
adverbe
(dans ce lieu) there; (ici) here; (chez soi) in; c'est ~ que this is where; ~ où where; par ~ (dans cette direction) this way; (dans cette zone) around there; de ~ hence.
(à ce moment) then; c'est ~ que that's when.
cet homme-~ that man; ces maisons-~ those houses. interjection
~! c'est fini there (now) , it's all over!

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là-bas
adv
there; (à l'endroit que l'on indique) over there.

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label
nm
seal, label.

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laboratoire
nm
laboratory.

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laborieux
-ieuse a
laborious; (personne) industrious; classes laborieuses working classes.

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labour
nm
ploughing; (US) plowing.

labourer vt plough; (US) plow; (déchirer) rip at.

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labyrinthe
nm
maze, labyrinth.

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lac
nm
lake.

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lacer
vt
lace up.

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lacet
nm
(de chaussure) (shoe-) lace; (de route) sharp bend.

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lâche
a
cowardly; (détendu) loose; (sans rigueur) lax. nmf coward.

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lâcher
vt
let go of; (laisser tomber) drop; (abandonner) give up; (laisser) leave; (libérer) release; (flèche, balle) fire; (juron, phrase) come out with; (desserrer) loosen; ~ prise let go. vi give way.

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lâcheté
nf
cowardice.

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lacrymogène
a
gaz ~ tear gas.

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lacune
nf
gap.

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là-dedans
adv
(près) in here; (plus loin) in there.

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là-dessous
adv
(près) under here; (plus loin) under there.

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là-dessus
adv
(sur une surface) on here; (plus loin) on there; (sur ce) with that; (quelque temps après) after that; qu'avez-vous à dire ~? what have you got to say about it?

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ladite
LEDIT.

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lagune
nf
lagoon.

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là-haut
adv
(en hauteur) up here; (plus loin) up there; (à l'étage) upstairs.

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laïc
nm
layman.

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laid
~e a
ugly; (action) vile.

laideur nf ugliness.

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lainage
nm
woollen garment.

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laine
nf
wool; de ~ woollen.

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laïque
a
(état, loi) secular; (habit, personne) lay; (école) nondenominational. nmf layman, laywoman.

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laisse
nf
lead, leash; tenir en ~ keep on a lead.

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laisser
vt
(déposer) leave, drop off; (confier) leave (à qn with sb ) (abandonner) leave; (rendre) ~ qn perplexe/froid leave sb puzzled/cold; ~ qch à qn (céder, prêter) let sb have sth; (donner) (choix, temps) give sb sth.

se ~ vpr se ~ persuader/insulter let oneself be persuaded/insulted; elle ne se laisse pas faire she won't be pushed around; laisse-toi faire leave it to me/him/her etc. se ~ aller let oneself go. v aux ~ qn/qch faire let sb/sth do; laisse-moi faire (ne m'aide pas) let me do it; (je m'en occupe) leave it to me; laisse faire! so what!

laisser-aller nm inv carelessness; (dans la tenue) scruffiness.

laissez-passer nm inv pass.

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lait
nm
milk; ~ longue conservation long-life ou UHT milk; frère/sœur de ~ foster-brother/-sister.

laitage nm milk product.

laiterie nf dairy.

laiteux, -euse a milky.

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laitier
-ière a
dairy. nm, f (livreur) milkman, milkwoman.

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laiton
nm
brass.

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laitue
nf
lettuce.

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lama
nm
llama.

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lambeau
(pl ~x ) nm
shred; en ~x in shreds.

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lame
nf
blade; (lamelle) strip; (vague) wave; ~ de fond ground swell; ~ de rasoir razor blade.

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lamentable
a
deplorable.

lamenter (se) vpr moan (sur about, over ) .

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lampadaire
nm
standard lamp; (de rue) street lamp.

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lampe
nf
lamp; (ampoule) bulb; (de radio) valve; ~ (de poche) torch; (US) flashlight; ~ à souder blowlamp; ~ de chevet bedside lamp; ~ solaire, ~ à bronzer sunlamp.

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lance
nf
spear; (de tournoi) lance; (tuyau) hose; ~ d'incendie fire hose.

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lancement
nm
throwing; (de navire, de missile, mise sur le marché) launch.

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lance-missiles
nm inv
missile launcher.

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lance-pierres
nm inv
catapult.

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lancer
vt
throw; (avec force) hurl; (navire, idée, artiste) launch; (émettre) give out; (regard) cast; (moteur) start.

se ~ vpr (Sport) gain momentum; (se précipiter) rush; se ~ dans (explication) launch into; (passetemps) take up. nm throw; (action) throwing.

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lancinant
~e a
(douleur) shooting; (problème) nagging.

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landau
nm
pram; (US) baby carriage.

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lande
nf
heath, moor.

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langage
nm
language; ~ machine/de programmation machine/programming language.

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langouste
nf
spiny lobster.

langoustine nf Dublin Bay prawn.

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langue
nf
(Anat) tongue; (Ling) language; il m'a tiré la ~ he stuck his tongue out at me; de ~ anglaise (personne) Englishs-peaking; (journal) English-language; ~ maternelle mother tongue; ~ vivante modern language.

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lanière
nf
strap.

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lanterne
nf
lantern; (électrique) lamp; (de voiture) sidelight.

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lapin
nm
rabbit; poser un ~ à qn fam stand sb up; le coup du ~ rabbit punch; (en voiture) whiplash injury.

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lapsus
nm
slip (of the tongue) .

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laque
nf
lacquer; (pour cheveux) hairspray; (peinture) gloss paint.

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laquelle
LEQUEL.

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lard
nm
streaky bacon.

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large
a
wide, broad; (grand) large; (généreux) generous; avoir les idées ~s be broad-minded; ~ d'esprit broad-minded. adv (calculer, mesurer) on the generous side; voir ~ think big. nm faire 10 cm de ~ be 10 cm wide; le ~ (mer) the open sea; au ~ de (Naut) off.

largement adv widely; (ouvrir) wide; (amplement) amply; (généreusement) generously; (au moins) easily.

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largesse
nf
generous gift.

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largeur
nf
width, breadth; ~ d'esprit broad-mindedness.

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larguer
vt
drop; ~ les amarres cast off.

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larme
nf
tear; (gouttefam) drop; en ~s in tears.

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larmoyant
~e a
full of tears.

larmoyer vi (yeux) water; (pleurnicher) whine.

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larynx
nm
larynx.

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las
~se a
weary.

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lasagnes
nfpl
lasagna.

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laser
nm
laser.

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lasser
vt
weary.

se ~ vpr grow tired, get weary (de of ) .

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latéral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
lateral.

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latin
~e a
Latin. nm (Ling) Latin.

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latte
nf
lath; (de plancher) board; (de siège) slat; (de mur, plafond) lath.

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lauréat
~e a
prizewinning. nm, f prize-winner.

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laurier
nm
(Bot) laurel; (Culin) bay-leaves.

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lavable
a
washable.

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lavabo
nm
wash-basin; ~s toilet (s) .

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lavage
nm
washing; ~ de cerveau brainwashing.

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lavande
nf
lavender.

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lave
nf
lava.

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lave-glace
(pl ~s ) nm
windscreen washer.

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lave-linge
nm inv
washing machine.

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laver
vt
wash; ~ qn de (fig) clear sb of.

se ~ vpr wash (oneself) se ~ les mains wash one's hands.

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laverie
nf
~ (automatique) launderette; (US) laundromat.

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lave-vaisselle
nm inv
dishwasher.

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laxatif
-ive a & nm
laxative.

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layette
nf
baby clothes.

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le, la, l'
(pl les ) l' before vowel or mute h. déterminant
the.
(notion générale) aimer la musique like music; l'amour love.
(possession) avoir les yeux verts have green eyes; il s'est cassé la jambe he broke his leg.
(prix) 10 francs ~ kilo 10 francs a kilo.
(temps) ~ lundi on Mondays; tous les mardis every Tuesday.
(avec nom propre) les Dury the Durys; la reine Margot Queen Margot; la Belgique Belgium.
(avec adjectif) the; je veux la rouge I want the red one; les riches the rich. pronom
(homme) him; (femme) her; (chose, animal) it; (au pluriel) them.
(remplaçant une phrase) je te l'avais bien dit I told you so; je ~ croyais aussi I thought so too

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lécher
vt
lick; (flamme) lick; (mer) lap.

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lèche-vitrines
nm inv
faire du ~ go window-shopping.

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leçon
nf
lesson; faire la ~ à lecture; ~ particulière private lesson; ~s de conduite driving lessons.

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lecteur
-trice nm, f
reader; (Univ) foreign language assistant; ~ de cassettes cassette player; ~ de disquettes (disk) drive; ~ laser CD player; ~ optique optical scanner.

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lecture
nf
reading.

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ledit
ladite (pl lesdit e ) (s ) a
the aforementioned.

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légal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
legal.

légaliser vt legalize.

légalité nf legality; (loi) law.

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légendaire
a
legendary.

légende nf (histoire, inscription) legend; (de carte) key; (d'illustration) caption.

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léger
-ère a
light; (bruit, faute, maladie) slight; (café, argument) weak; (imprudent) thoughtless; (frivole) fickle; à la légère thoughtlessly.

légèrement adv lightly; (agir) thoughtlessly; (un peu) slightly.

légèreté nf lightness; thoughtlessness.

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légion
nf
legion.

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législatif
-ive a
legislative; élections législatives general election.

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legislature
nf
term of office.

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légitime
a
(Jur) legitimate; (fig) rightful; agir en état de ~ défense act in selfdefence.

légitimité nf legitimacy.

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legs
nm
legacy; (d'effets personnels) bequest.

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léguer
vt
bequeath.

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légume
nm
vegetable.

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lendemain
nm
le ~ the next day; (fig) the future; le ~ de the day after; le ~ matin/soir the next morning/evening; du jour au ~ from one day to the next.

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lent
~e a
slow.

lentement adv slowly.

lenteur nf slowness.

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lentille
nf
(Culin) lentil; (verre) lens; ~s de contact contact lenses.

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léopard
nm
leopard.

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lèpre
nf
leprosy

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lequel, laquelle
(pl les-quel(le)s), auquel pl auxquel(le)s ) (duquel pl desquel(le)s)
à + lequel = auquel
à + lesquel(le)s = auxquel(le)s;
de + lequel = duquel
de + lesquel(le)s = desquel(le)s
pronom
(relatif) (personne) who; (complément indirect) whom; (autres cas) which; l'ami auquel tu as écrit the friend to whom you wrote; les voisins chez lesquels Sophie est allée the neighbours whose house Sophie went to.
(interrogatif) which; ~ tu veux? which one do you want? adjectif
auquel cas in which case. ) ()

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les
LE.

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lesbienne
nf
lesbian.

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léser
vt
wrong.

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lésiner
vi
ne pas ~ sur not stint on.

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lesquels
lesquelles LEQUEL.

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lessive
nf
(poudre) washing-powder; (liquide) washing liquid; (linge, action) washing.

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leste
a
agile, nimble; (grivois) coarse.

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Lettonie
nf
Latvia.

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lettre
nf
letter; à la ~, au pied de la ~ literally; en toutes ~s in full; les ~s (Univ) (the) arts.

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leucémie
nf
leukaemia

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leur
(pl ~s ) pronom personnel invariable
them; donne-le ~ give it to them; je ~ fais confiance I trust them. adjectif possessif
their; ~s enfants their children; à ~ arrivée when they arrived.

le leur, la leur (pl les leurs ) pronom possessif
theirs; chacun le ~ one each; je suis des ~s I am one of them.

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levain
nm
leaven.

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levé
~e a
(debout) up.

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levée
nf
(de peine, de sanctions) lifting; (de courrier) collection; (de troupes, d'impôts) levying.

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lever
vt
lift (up) , raise; (interdiction) lift; (séance) close; (armée, impôts) levy. vi (pâte) rise.

se ~ vpr get up; (soleil, rideau) rise; (jour) break. nm au ~ on getting up; ~ du jour daybreak; ~ de rideau (Théât) curtain (up) ~ du soleil sunrise.

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levier
nm
lever; ~ de changement de vitesse gear lever.

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lèvre
nf
lip.

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lévrier
nm
greyhound.

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levure
nf
yeast; ~ chimique baking powder.

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lexique
nm
vocabulary; (glossaire) lexicon.

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lézard
nm
lizard.

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lézarde
nf
crack.

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liaison
nf
connection; (transport, Ordinat) link; (contact) contact; (Gram, Mil) liaison; (amoureuse) affair; être en ~ avec be in contact with; assurer la ~ entre liaise between.

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liane
nf
creeper.

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Liban
nm
Lebanon.

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libeller
vt
(chèque) write; (contrat) draw up; libelléà l'ordre de made out to.

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libellule
nf
dragonfly.

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libéral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
liberal; les professions ~es the professions.

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libérateur
-trice a
liberating. nm, f liberator.

libération nf release; (de pays) liberation.

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libérer
vt
(personne) free, release; (pays) liberate, free; (bureau, lieux) vacate; (gaz) release.

se ~ vpr free oneself.

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liberté
nf
freedom, liberty; (loisir) free time; être/mettre en ~ be/set free; ~ conditionnelle parole; ~ provisoire provisional release (pending trial) ~ surveillée probation; ~s publiques civil liberties.

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Libertel
nm
(Internet) Freenet.

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libraire
nmf
bookseller.

librairie nf bookshop.

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libre
a
free; (place, pièce) vacant, free; (passage) clear; (école) private (usually religious) ~ de qch/de faire free from sth/to do.

libre-échange nm free trade.

libre-service (pl libres-services ) nm (magasin) self-service shop; (restaurant) self-service restaurant.

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licence
nf
licence; (Univ) degree.

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licencié
~e nm, f
graduate; ~ ès lettres/sciences Bachelor of Arts/Science.

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licenciements
nm
redundancy; (pour faute) dismissal.

licencier vt make redundant; (pour faute) dismiss.

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licorne
nf
unicorn.

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liège
nm
cork.

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lien
nm
(rapport) link; (attache) bond, tie; (corde) rope; ~s affectifs/de parenté emotional/family ties.

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lier
vt
tie (up) , bind; (relier) link; (engager, unir) bind; ~ conversation strike up a conversation; ils sont très liés they are very close.

se ~ avec vpr make friends with.

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lierre
nm
ivy.

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lieu
(pl ~x ) nm
place; ~x (locaux) premises; (d'un accident) scene; sur les ~x at the scene; au ~ de instead of; avoir ~ take place; donner ~ à give rise to; tenir ~ de serve as; s'il y a ~ if necessary; en premier ~ firstly; en dernier ~ lastly; ~ commun commonplace; ~ de rencontre meeting place.

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lièvre
nm
hare.

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lifting
nm
face-lift.

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ligne
nf
line; (trajet) route; (de métro, train) line; (formes) lines; (de femme) figure; en ~ (joueurs) lined up; (au téléphone) on the phone; (Ordinat) on line; ~ spécialisée (Internet) dedicated line.

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ligoter
vt
tie up.

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ligue
nf
league.

liguer (se) vpr join forces (contre against ) .

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lilas
nm & a inv
lilac.

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limace
nf
slug.

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limande
nf
(poisson) dab.

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lime
nf
file; ~ à ongles nail file.

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limitation
nf
limitation; ~ de vitesse speed limit.

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limite
nf
limit; (de jardin, champ) boundary; à la ~ de (fig) verging on, bordering on; à la ~ if it comes to it, at a pinch; dans une certaine ~ up to a point; dans la ~ du possible as far as possible. a (vitesse, âge) maximum; cas ~ borderline case; date ~ deadline; date ~ de vente sell-by date.

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limiter
vt
limit; (délimiter) form the border of.

se ~ vpr limit oneself (à to ) .

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limonade
nf
lemonade.

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limpide
a
limpid, clear.

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lin
nm
(tissu) linen.

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linge
nm
linen; (lessive) washing; (torchon) cloth; ~ (de corps) underwear.

lingerie nf underwear.

lingette nf wipe.

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lingot
nm
ingot.

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linguistique
a
linguistic. nf linguistics.

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lion
nm
lion; le L~ Leo.

lionceau (pl ~x ) nm lion cub.

lionne nf lioness.

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liquidation
nf
liquidation; (vente) (clearance) sale; entrer en ~ go into liquidation.

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liquide
a
liquid. nm (argent) ~ ready money; payer en ~ pay cash; ~ de frein brake fluid.

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liquider
vt
liquidate; (vendre) sell.

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lire
vt/i
read. nf lira.

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lis1
LIRE .

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lis2
nm
(fleur) lily.

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lisible
a
legible; (roman) readable.

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lisière
nf
edge.

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lisse
a
smooth.

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liste
nf
list; ~ d'attente waiting list; ~ électorale register of voters; être sur (la) ~ rouge be ex-directory.

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listing
nm
printout.

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lit
nm
bed; se mettre au ~ get into bed; ~ de camp camp-bed; ~ d'enfant cot; ~ d'une personne single bed; ~ de deux personnes, grand ~ double bed.

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literie
nf
bedding.

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litière
nf
litter.

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litige
nm
dispute.

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litre
nm
litre.

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littéraire
a
literary; (études, formation) arts.

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littéral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
literal.

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littérature
nf
literature.

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littoral
(pl -aux ) nm
coast.

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Lituanie
nf
Lithuania.

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livide
a
deathly pale.

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livraison
nf
delivery.

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livre
nf
(monnaie, poids) pound. nm book; ~ de bord log-book; ~ de compte books; ~ de poche paperback.

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livrer
vt
(Comm) deliver; (abandonner) give over (à to ) (remettre) (coupable, document) hand over (à to ) livréà soi-même left to oneself.

se ~ vpr (se rendre) give oneself up (à to ) se ~ à (boisson, actes) indulge in; (ami) confide in.

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livret
nm
book; (Mus) libretto; ~ de caisse d'épargne savings book; ~ scolaire school report (book) .

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livreur
-euse nm, f
delivery man, delivery woman.

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local1
~e (mpl -aux ) a
local.

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local2
(pl -aux ) nm
premises; locaux premises.

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localement
adv
locally.

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localiser
vt
(repérer) locate; (circonscrire) localize.

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locataire
nmf
tenant; (de chambre) lodger.

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location
nf
(de maison) renting; (de voiture, de matériel) hire, rental; (de place) booking, reservation; (par propriétaire) renting out; hiring out; en ~ (voiture) on hire, rented; (habiter) in rented accommodation.

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locomotive
nf
engine, locomotive.

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locution
nf
phrase.

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loge
nf
(de concierge, de franc-maçons) lodge; (d'acteur) dressing-room; (de spectateur) box.

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logement
nm
accommodation; (appartement) flat; (habitat) housing.

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loger
vt
(réfugié, famille) house; (ami) put up; (client) accommodate. vi live.

se ~ vpr live; trouver à se ~ find accommodation; se ~ dans (balle) lodge itself in.

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logiciel
nm
software; ~ contributif shareware; ~ d'application application software; ~ de groupe groupware; ~ de jeux games software; ~ de navigation browser; ~ public freeware.

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logique
a
logical. nf logic.

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logis
nm
dwelling.

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logistique
nf
logistics.

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loi
nf
law.

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loin
adv
far (away) au ~ far away; de ~ from far away; (de beaucoup) by far; ~ de là far from it; plus ~ further; il revient de ~ (fig) he had a close shave.

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lointain
~e a
distant. nm distance; dans le ~ in the distance.

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loir
nm
dormouse.

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loisir
nm
(spare) time; ~s (temps libre) leisure, spare time; (distractions) leisure activities; à ~ at one's leisure; avoir le ~ de faire have time to do.

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londonien
~ne a
London.

L~, ~e nm, f Londoner.

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Londres
npr
London.

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long
longue a
long; à ~ terme long-term; être ~ à faire be a long time doing. nm de ~ (mesure) long; de ~ en large back and forth; (tout) le ~ de (all) along. adv en dire ~ sur qn/qch say a lot about sb/sth; en savoir plus ~ sur know more about.

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longer
vt
go along; (limiter) border.

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longitude
nf
longitude.

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longtemps
adv
a long time; avant ~ before long; trop ~ too long; ça prendra ~ it will take a long time; prendre plus ~ que prévu take longer than anticipated.

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longuement
adv
(longtemps) for a long time; (en détail) at length.

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longueur
nf
length; ~s (de texte) over-long parts; à ~ de journée all day long; en ~ lengthwise; ~ d'onde wavelength.

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lopin
nm
~ de terre patch of land.

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loque
nf
~s rags; ~ (humaine) (human) wreck.

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loquet
nm
latch.

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lors de
prép
(au moment de) at the time of; (pendant) during.

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lorsque
conj
when.

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losange
nm
diamond.

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lot
nm
(portion) share; (aux enchères) lot; (Ordinat) batch; (destin) lot; gagner le gros ~ hit the jackpot.

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loterie
nf
lottery.

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lotion
nf
lotion.

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lotissement
nm
(à construire) building plot; (construit) (housing) development.

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louable
a
praiseworthy.

louange nf praise.

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louche
a
shady, dubious. nf ladle.

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loucher
vi
squint.

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louer
vt
(approuver) praise (de for ) (prendre en location) (maison) rent; (voiture, matériel) hire, rent; (place) book, reserve; (donner en location) (maison) rent out; (matériel) rent out, hire out; à ~ to let, for rent (US) .

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loufoque
a
fam crazy.

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loup
nm
wolf.

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loupe
nf
magnifying glass.

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louper
vt
fam miss; (examen) flunk fam.

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lourd
~e a
heavy; (faute) serious; ~ de dangers fraught with danger; il fait ~ it's close ou muggy.

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loutre
nf
otter.

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louveteau
(pl ~x ) nm
wolf cub; (scout) Cub (Scout) .

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loyal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
loyal, faithful; (honnête) fair.

loyauté nf loyalty; fairness.

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loyer
nm
rent.

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lu
LIRE .

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lubrifiant
nm
lubricant.

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lucide
a
lucid.

lucidité nf lucidity.

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lucratif
-ive a
lucrative; à but non ~ non-profitmaking.

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ludiciel
nm
(Ordinat) games software.

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lueur
nf
(faint) light, glimmer; (fig) glimmer, gleam.

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luge
nf
toboggan.

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lugubre
a
gloomy.

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lui
pronom
(masculin) (sujet) he; ~, il est à l'étranger he's abroad; c'est ~! it's him!; (objet) him; (animal) it; c'est à ~ it's his; elle conduit mieux que ~ she's a better driver than he is.
(féminin) her; je ~ ai annoncé I told her.
(masculin/féminin) donne-le-~ give it to him/her

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lui-même
pron
himself; (animal) itself.

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luire
vi
shine; (reflet humide) glisten; (reflet chaud, faible) glow.

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lumière
nf
light; ~s (connaissances) knowledge; faire (toute) la ~ sur une affaire clear a matter up.

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luminaire
nm
lamp.

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lumineux
-euse a
luminous; (éclairé) illuminated; (rayon) of light; (radieux) radiant; source lumineuse light source.

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lunaire
a
lunar.

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lunatique
a
temperamental.

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lunch
nm
buffet lunch.

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lundi
nm
Monday.

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lune
nf
moon; ~ de miel honeymoon.

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lunettes
nfpl
glasses; (de protection) goggles; ~ de ski/natation ski/swimming goggles; ~ noires dark glasses; ~ de soleil sun-glasses.

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lustre
nm
(éclat) lustre; (objet) chandelier.

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lutin
nm
goblin.

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lutte
nf
fight, struggle; (Sport) wrestling.

lutter vi fight, struggle; (Sport) wrestle.

lutteur, -euse nm, f fighter; (Sport) wrestler.

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luxe
nm
luxury; de ~ luxury; (produit) de luxe.

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Luxembourg
nm
Luxemburg.

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luxerse
vpr
se ~ le genou dislocate one's knee.

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luxueux
-euse a
luxurious.

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lycée
nm
(secondary) school.

lycéen, ~ne nm, f pupil (at secondary school) .

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lyophilisé
~e a
freeze-dried.

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lyrique
a
(poésie) lyric; (passionné) lyrical; artiste/théâtre ~ opera singer/house.

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lys
nm
lily.

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M

m'
ME.

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ma
MON.

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macabre
a
macabre.

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macadam
nm
Tarmac®.

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macaron
nm
(gâteau) macaroon; (insigne) badge.

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macédoine
nf
mixed diced vegetables; ~ de fruits fruit salad.

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macérer
vt/i
soak; (dans du vinaigre) pickle.

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mâcher
vt
chew; ne pas ~ ses mots not mince one's words.

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machin
nm
fam (chose) thing; (dont on ne trouve pas le nom) whatsit fam.

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machinal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
automatic.

machinalement adv mechanically, automatically.

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machination
nf
plot; des ~s machinations.

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machine
nf
machine; (d'un train, navire) engine; ~ àécrire typewriter; ~ à laver/coudre washing-/sewing-machine; ~ à sous fruit machine; (US) slotmachine.

machine-outil (pl machines-outils ) nf machine tool.

machinerie nf machinery.

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machiniste
nm
(Théât) stage-hand; (conducteur) driver.

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mâchoire
nf
jaw.

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mâchonner
vt
chew.

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maçon
nm
(entrepreneur) builder; (poseur de briques) bricklayer; (qui construit en pierre) mason.

maçonnerie nf (briques) brickwork; (pierres) stonework, masonry; (travaux) building.

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madame
(pl mesdames ) nf
(à une inconnue) (dans une lettre) M~ Dear Madam; bonjour, ~ good morning; mesdames et messieurs ladies and gentlemen; (à une femme dont on connaît le nom) (dans une lettre) Chère M~ Dear Mrs ou Ms X; bonjour, ~ good morning Mrs ou Ms X; oui M ~ le Ministre yes Minister; (formule de respect) oui M~ yes madam.

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mademoiselle
(pl mesdemoiselles ) nf
(à une inconnue) (dans une lettre) M~ Dear Madam; bonjour, ~ good morning; entrez mesdemoiselles come in (ladies) (à une jeune fille dont on connaît le nom) (dans une lettre) Chère M~ Dear Ms ou Miss X; bonjour, ~ good morning Miss ou Ms X.

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magasin
nm
shop, store; (entrepôt) warehouse; (d'une arme) magazine; en ~ in stock.

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magazine
nm
magazine; (émission) programme.

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Maghreb
nm
North Africa.

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magicien
~ne nm, f
magician.

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magie
nf
magic.

magique a magic; (mystérieux) magical.

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magistral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
masterly; (grand: hum) tremendous; cours ~ lecture.

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magistrat
nm
magistrate.

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magistrature
nf
judiciary; (fonction) public office.

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magnerse
vpr
sl get a move on.

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magnétique
a
magnetic.

magnétiser vt magnetize.

magnétisme nm magnetism.

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magnétophone
nm
tape recorder; (à cassettes) cassette recorder.

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magnétoscope
nm
video recorder.

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magnificence
nf
magnificence.

magnifique a magnificent.

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magot
nm
famhoard (of money) .

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magouille
nf
fam scheming, skulduggery.

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magret
nm
~ de canard duck breast.

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mai
nm
May.

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maigre
a
thin; (viande) lean; (yaourt) low-fat; (fig) poor, meagre; faire ~ abstain from meat.

maigreur nf thinness; leanness; (fig) meagreness.

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maigrir
vi
get thin- (ner) (en suivant un régime) slim. vt make thin (ner) .

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maille
nf
stitch; (de filet) mesh; ~ qui file ladder, run; avoir ~ à partir avec qn have a brush with sb.

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maillet
nm
mallet.

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maillon
nm
link.

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maillot
nm
(Sport) shirt, jersey; (~ de corps ) vest; (US) undershirt; (~ de bain ) (swimming) costume.

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main
nf
hand; donner la ~ à qn hold sb's hand; se donner la ~ hold hands; en ~s propres in person; en bonnes ~s in good hands; ~ courante handrail; se faire la ~ get the hang of it; perdre la ~ lose one's touch; sous la ~ to hand; vol à ~ armée armed robbery; fait (à la) ~ handmade; haut les ~s! hands up!

main-d'œuvre (pl mainsd'œuvre ) nf labour; (ouvriers) labour force.

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main-forte
nf inv
prêter ~ à qn come to sb's aid.

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maint
~e a
many a (+sg ) ~s many; à ~es reprises many times.

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maintenant
adv
now; (de nos jours) nowadays; (l'époque actuelle) today.

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maintenir
vt
keep, maintain; (soutenir) support, hold up; (affirmer) maintain; (decision) stand by.

se ~ vpr (tendance) persist; (prix, malade) remain stable.

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maintien
nm
(attitude) bearing; (conservation) maintenance.

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maire
nm
mayor.

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mairie
nf
town hall; (administration) town council.

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mais
conj
but; ~ oui of course; ~ non of course not.

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maïs
nm
maize, corn; (Culin) sweetcorn.

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maison
nf
house; (foyer) home; (immeuble) building; (~ de commerce ) firm; à la ~ at home; rentrer oualler à la ~ go home; ~ des jeunes (et de la culture) youth club; ~ de repos rest home; ~ de convalescence convalescent home; ~ de retraite old people's home; ~ mère parent company. a inv (Culin) home-made.

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maître
-esse a
(qui contrôle) être ~ de soi be one's own master; ~ de la situation in control of the situation; (principal) (idée, qualité) key, main. nm, f (Scol) teacher; (d'animal) owner, master. nm (expert, guide) master; (dirigeant) leader; ~ de conférences senior lecturer; ~ d'hôtel head waiter; (domestique) butler.

maître-assistant, ~ e (pl maîtres-assistants ) nm, f lecturer.

maître-chanteur (pl maîtres-chanteurs ) nm blackmailer.

maître-nageur (pl maîtres-nageurs ) nm swimming instructor.

maîtresse nf (amante) mistress.

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maîtrise
nf
mastery; (contrôle) control; (Mil) supremacy; (Univ) master's degree; (~ de soi ) self-control.

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maîtriser
vt
(sujet, technique) master; (incendie, sentiment, personne) control.

se ~ vpr have self-control.

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maïzena®
nf
cornflour.

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majesté
nf
majesty.

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majestueux
-euse a
majestic.

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majeur
~e a
major, main; (Jur) of age; en ~e partie mostly; la ~e partie de most of. nm middle finger.

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majoration
nf
increase (de in ) .

majorer vt increase.

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majoritaire
a
majority; être ~ be in the majority.

majorité nf majority; en ~ chiefly.

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Majorque
nf
Majorca.

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majuscule
a
capital. nf capital letter.

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mal1
adv
badly; (incorrectement) wrong (ly) aller ~ (personne) be unwell; (affaires) go badly; ~ entendre/comprendre not hear/understand properly; ~ en point in a bad state; pas ~ quite a lot. a inv bad, wrong; c'est ~ de it is wrong ou bad to; ce n'est pas ~ fam it's not bad; Nick n'est pas ~ fam Nick is not badlooking.

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mal2
(pl maux ) nm
evil; (douleur) pain, ache; (maladie) disease; (effort) trouble; (dommage) harm; (malheur) misfortune; avoir ~ à la tête/à la gorge have a headache/a sore throat; avoir le ~ de mer/du pays be seasick/ homesick; faire ~ hurt; se faire ~ hurt oneself; j'ai ~ it hurts; faire du ~ à hurt, harm; se donner du ~ pour faire qch go to a lot of trouble to do sth.

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malade
a
sick, ill; (bras, œil) bad; (plante, poumons, côlon) diseased; tomber ~ fall ill; (fouq) mad. nmf sick person; d'un médecin) (patient; ~ mental mentally ill person. )

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maladie
nf
illness, disease; (maniefam) mania.

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maladif
-ive a
sickly; (jalousie, peur) pathological.

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maladresse
nf
clumsiness; (erreur) blunder.

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maladroit
~e a
clumsy; (sans tact) tactless.

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malaise
nm
feeling of faintness; (gêne) uneasiness; (état de crise) unrest.

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malaisé
~e a
difficult.

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Malaisie
nf
Malaysia.

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malaria
nf
malaria.

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malaxer
vt
(pétrir) knead; (mêler) mix.

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malchance
nf
misfortune.

malchanceux, -euse a unlucky.

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mâle
a
male; (viril) manly. nm male.

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malédiction
nf
curse.

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maléfice
nm
evil spell.

maléfique a evil.

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malentendant
~e a
hard of hearing.

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malentendu
nm
misunderstanding.

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malfaçon
nf
defect.

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malfaisant
~e a
harmful; (personne) evil.

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malfaiteur
nm
criminal.

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malformation
nf
malformation.

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malgré
prép
in spite of, despite; ~ tout nevertheless.

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malheur
nm
misfortune; (accident) accident; par ~ unfortunately; faire un ~ fam be a big hit; porter ~ be ou bring bad luck.

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malheureusement
/mal9 r
{zmã/ adv unfortunately.

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malheureux
-euse a
unhappy; (regrettable) unfortunate; (sans succès) unlucky; (insignifiant) paltry, pathetic. nm, f (poor) wretch.

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malhonnête
a
dishonest.

malhonnêteté nf dishonesty.

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malice
nf
mischief; sans ~ harmless; avec ~ mischievously.

malicieux, -ieuse a mischievous.

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malignité
nf
malignancy.

malin, -igne a clever, smart; (méchant) malicious; (tumeur) malignant; (difficilefam) difficult.

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malingre
a
puny.

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malle
nf
(valise) trunk; (Auto) boot; (US) trunk.

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mallette
nf
(small) suitcase; (pour le bureau) briefcase.

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malmener
vt
manhandle; (fig) give a rough ride to.

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malnutrition
nf
malnutrition.

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malodorant
~e a
smelly, foul-smelling.

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malpoli
~e a
rude, impolite.

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malpropre
a
dirty.

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malsain
~e a
unhealthy.

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malt
nm
malt.

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Malte
nf
Malta.

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maltraiter
vt
illtreat.

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malveillance
nf
malice.

malveillant, ~e a malicious.

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maman
nf
mum (my) , mother; (US) mom (my) .

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mamelle
nf
teat.

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mamelon
nm
(Anat) nipple; (colline) hillock.

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mamie
nf
fam granny.

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mammifère
nm
mammal.

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manche
nf
sleeve; (Sport, Pol) round. nm (d'un instrument) handle; ~ à balai broomstick; (Aviat) joystick.

M~ nf la M~ the Channel; le tunnel sous la M~ the Channel tunnel.

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manchette
nf
cuff; (de journal) headline.

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manchot
~te nm, f
one-armed person; (sans bras) armless person. nm (oiseau) penguin.

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mandarine
nf
tangerine, mandarin (orange) .

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mandat
nm
(postal) money order; (Pol) mandate; (procuration) proxy; (de police) warrant; ~ d'arrêt arrest warrant.

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mandataire
nm
representative; (Jul) proxy.

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manège
nm
riding school; (à la foire) merry-go-round; (manœuvre) trick, ploy.

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manette
nf
lever; (de jeu) joystick.

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mangeable
a
edible.

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mangeoire
nf
trough; (pour oiseaux) feeder.

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manger
vt
eat; (fortune) go through; (profits) eat away at; (économies) use up; (ronger) eat into. vi eat; donner à ~ à feed. nm food.

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mangue
nf
mango.

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maniable
a
easy to handle.

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maniaque
a
fussy. nmf fusspot; (fou) maniac; (fanatique) fanatic; un ~ de l'ordre a stickler for tidiness.

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manie
nf
habit; (marotte) obsession.

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maniement
nm
handling.

manier vt handle.

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manière
nf
way, manner; ~s (politesse) manners; (chichis) fuss; à la ~ de in the style of; de ~ à so as to; de toute ~ anyway, in any case.

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maniéré
~e a
affected.

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manif
nf
fam demo.

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manifestant
~e nm, f
demonstrator.

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manifestation
nf
expression, manifestation; (de maladie, phénomène) appearance; (Pol) demonstration; (événement) event; ~ culturelle cultural event.

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manifeste
a
obvious. nm manifesto.

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manifester
vt
show, manifest; (désir, crainte) express. vi (Pol) demonstrate.

se ~ vpr (sentiment) show itself; (apparaître) appear; (répondre à un appel) come forward.

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manigance
nf
little plot.

manigancer vt plot.

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manipulation
nf
handling; (péj) manipulation.

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manivelle
nf
handle, crank.

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mannequin
nm
(personne) model; (statue) dummy.

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manœuvrer
vt
manoeuvre; (machine) operate. vi manoeuvre.

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manoir
nm
manor.

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manque
nm
lack (de of ) (lacune) gap; ~ à gagner loss of earnings; en (état de ~ ) having withdrawal symptoms.

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manqué
~e a
(écrivain) failed; garçon ~ tomboy.

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manquement
nm
~ à breach of.

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manquer
vt
miss; (gâcher) spoil; ~ à (devoir) fail in; ~ de be short of, lack; il/ça lui manque he misses him/it; (~ de) faire faillir) (nearly do; ne manquez pas de be sure to; ~ à sa parole break one's word. vi be short ou lacking; être absent) (be absent; en moins, disparu) (be missing; il me manque 20 francs I'm 20 francs short. )

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mansarde
nf
attic (room) .

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manteau
(pl ~x ) nm
coat.

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manucure
nmf
manicurist. nf (soins) manicure.

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manuel
~le a
manual. nm (livre) manual; (Scol) textbook.

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manufacture
nf
factory; (fabrication) manufacture.

manufacturer vt manufacture.

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manuscrit
~e a
handwritten. nm manuscript.

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mappemonde
nf
world map; (sphère) globe.

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maquereau
(pl ~x ) nm
(poisson) mackerel; fam pimp.

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maquette
nf
(scale) model; ~ (de mise en page) paste-up.

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maquillage
nm
make-up.

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maquiller
vt
make up; (truquer) doctor, fake.

se ~ vpr make (oneself) up.

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maquis
nm
(paysage) scrub; (Mil) Maquis, underground.

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maraîcher
-ère nm, f
market gardener; (US) truck farmer.

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marais
nm
marsh.

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marasme
nm
slump, stagnation; dans le ~ in the doldrums.

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marbre
nm
marble.

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marc
nm
(eau-de-vie) marc; ~ de café coffee grounds.

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marchand
~e a
(valeur) market. nm, f trader; (de charbon, vins) merchant; ~ de couleurs ironmonger; (US) hardware merchant; ~ de journaux newsagent; ~ de légumes greengrocer; ~ de poissons fishmonger.

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marchander
vt
haggle over. vi haggle.

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marchandise
nf
goods.

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marche
nf
(démarche, trajet) walk; (rythme) pace; (Mil, Mus, Pol) march; (d'escalier) step; (Sport) walking; (de machine) operation, working; (de véhicule) running; en ~ (train) moving; (moteur, machine) running; faire ~ arrière (véhicule) reverse; mettre en ~ start (up) se mettre en ~ start moving.

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marché
nm
market; (contrat) deal; faire son ~ do one's shopping; ~ aux puces flea market; ~ noir black market.

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marchepied
nm
(de train, camion) step.

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marcher
vi
walk; (poser le pied) tread (sur on ) (aller) go; (fonctionner) work, run; (prospérer) go well; (film, livre) do well; (consentirfam) agree; faire ~ qn pull sb's leg.

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mardi
nm
Tuesday; M ~ gras Shrove Tuesday.

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mare
nf
(étang) pond; (flaque) pool.

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marécage
nm
marsh; (sous les tropiques) swamp.

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maréchal
(pl -aux ) nm
field marshal.

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maréchal-ferrant
(pl -auxferrants nm) blacksmith.

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marée
nftide; (poissons) fresh fish; ~ haute/basse high/ low tide; ~ noire oil slick.

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marelle
nf
hopscotch.

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margarine
nf
margarine.

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marge
nf
margin; en ~ de (à l'écart de) on the fringe (s) of; ~ bénéficiaire profit margin.

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marginal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
marginal. nm, f drop-out.

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marguerite
nf
daisy; (qui imprime) daisy-wheel.

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mari
nm
husband.

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mariage
nm
marriage; (cérémonie) wedding.

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marié
~e a
married. nm, f (bride) groom, bride; les ~s the bride and groom.

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marier
vt
marry.

se ~ vpr get married, marry; se ~ avec marry, get married to.

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marin
~e a
sea. nm sailor.

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marine
nf
navy; ~ marchande merchant navy. a inv navy (blue) .

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marionnette
nf
puppet; (à fils) marionette.

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maritalement
adv
(vivre) as husband and wife.

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maritime
a
maritime, coastal; (agent, compagnie) shipping.

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marmaille
nf
fam brats.

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marmelade
nf
stewed fruit; ~ d'oranges (orange) marmalade.

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marmite
nf
(cooking-) pot.

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marmonner
vt
mumble.

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marmot
nm
fam kid.

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Maroc
nm
Morocco.

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maroquinerie
nf
(magasin) leather goods shop.

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marquant
~e a
(remarquable) outstanding; (qu'on n'oublie pas) memorable.

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marque
nf
mark; (de produits) brand, make; (décompte) score; à vos ~s! (Sport) on your marks!; de ~ (Comm) brand name; (fig) important; ~ de fabrique trademark; ~ déposée registered trademark.

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marquer
vt
mark; (indiquer) show, say; (écrire) note down; (point, but) score; (joueur) mark; (influencer) leave its mark on; (exprimer) (volonté, sentiment) show. vi (laisser une trace) leave a mark; (événement) stand out; (Sport) score.

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marquis
~e nm, f
marquis, marchioness.

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marraine
nf
godmother.

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marrant
~e a
fam funny.

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marre
adv
en avoir ~ fam be fed up (de with ) .

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marrer
(se ) vpr
famlaugh, have a (good) laugh.

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marron
nm
chestnut; (couleur) brown; (coupfam) thump; ~ d'Inde horse chestnut. a inv brown.

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mars
nm
March.

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marteau
(pl ~x ) nm
hammer; ~ (de porte) (door) knocker; ~ piqueur oupneumatique pneumatic drill; être ~ fam be mad.

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marteler
vt
hammer; (poings, talons) pound; (scander) rap out.

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martial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
military; (art) martial.

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martien
~ne a & nm
f Martian.

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martyr
~e nm, f
martyr. a martyred; (enfant) battered.

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martyre
nm
(Relig) martyrdom; (fig) agony, suffering.

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martyriser
vt
(Relig) martyr; (torturer) torture; (enfant) batter.

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marxisme
nm
Marxism.

marxiste a & nmf Marxist.

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masculin
~e a
masculine; (sexe) male; (mode, équipe) men's. nm masculine.

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masochisme
nm
masochism.

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masochiste
nmf
masochist. a masochistic.

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masque
nm
mask; ~ de beauté face pack.

masquer vt (cacher) hide, conceal (à from ) (lumière) block (off) .

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massacre
nm
massacre.

massacrer vt massacre; (abîmerfam) ruin.

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massage
nm
massage.

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masse
nf
(volume) mass; (gros morceau) lump, mass; (outil) sledge-hammer; en ~ (vendre) in bulk; (venir) in force; produire en ~ mass-produce; la ~ (foule) the masses; une ~ de fam masses of; la ~ de the majority of.

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masser
vt
(assembler) assemble; (pétrir) massage.

se ~ vpr (gens, foule) mass.

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massif
-ive a
massive; (or, argent) solid. nm (de fleurs) clump; (parterre) bed; (Géog) massif.

massivement adv (en masse) in large numbers.

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massue
nf
club, bludgeon.

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mastic
nm
putty; (pour trous) filler.

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mastiquer
vt
(mâcher) chew.

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mat
a
(couleur) matt; (bruit) dull; (teint) olive; être ~ (aux échecs) be in checkmate.

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mât
nm
mast; (pylône) pole; ~ de drapeau flagpole.

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match
nm
match; (US) game; faire ~ nul tie, draw; ~ aller first leg; ~ retour return match.

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matelas
nm
mattress; ~ pneumatique air bed.

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matelassé
~e a
padded; (tissu) quilted.

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matelot
nm
sailor.

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mater
vt
(révolte) put down; (personne) bring into line.

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matérialiserse
vpr
materialize.

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matérialiste
a
materialistic. nmf materialist.

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matériau
(pl ~x ) nm
material.

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matériel
~le a
material. nm equipment, materials; ~ informatique hardware.

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maternel
~le a
maternal; (comme d'une mère) motherly.

maternelle nf nursery school.

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maternité
nf
maternity hospital; (état de mère) motherhood; de ~ maternity.

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mathématicien
~ne nm, f
mathematician.

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mathématique
a
mathematical.

mathématiques nfpl mathematics (+sg ) .

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maths
nfpl
fam maths (+sg ) .

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matière
nf
matter; (produit) material; (sujet) subject; en ~ de as regards; ~ plastique plastic; ~s grasses fat content; ~s premières raw materials.

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matin
nm
morning; de bon ~ early in the morning.

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matinal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
morning; (de bonne heure) early; être ~ be up early; (d'habitude) be an early riser.

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matinée
nf
morning; (spectacle) matinée.

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matou
nm
tomcat.

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matraque
nf
(de police) truncheon; (US) billy (club) .

matraquer vt club, beat; (produit, chanson) plug.

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matrimonial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
matrimonial; agence ~e marriage bureau.

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maturité
nf
maturity.

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maudire
vt
curse.

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maudit
~e a
fam blasted, damned.

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maugréer
vi
grumble.

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mausolée
nm
mausoleum.

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maussade
a
gloomy.

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mauvais
~e a
bad; (erroné) wrong; (malveillant) evil; (désagréable) nasty, bad; (mer) rough; le ~ moment the wrong time; ~e herbe weed; ~e langue gossip; ~e passe tight spot; ~ traitements ill-treatment. adv (sentir) bad; il fait ~ the weather is bad. nm le bon et le ~ the good and the bad.

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mauve
a & nm
mauve.

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mauviette
nf
weakling, wimp.

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maux
MAL 2.

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maximal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
maximum.

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maxime
nf
maxim.

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maximum
a
maximum. nm maximum; au ~ as much as possible; (tout au plus) at most; faire le ~ do one's utmost.

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mazout
nm
(fuel) oil.

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me
m' pron
me; (indirect) (to) me; (réfléchi) myself.

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méandre
nm
meander.

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mec
nm
fam bloke, guy.

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mécanicien
~ne nm, f
mechanic. nm train driver.

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mécanique
a
mechanical; (jouet) clockwork; problème ~ engine trouble. nf mechanics (+sg ) (mécanisme) mechanism.

mécaniser vt mechanize.

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mécanisme
nm
mechanism.

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méchamment
adv
spitefully.

méchanceté nf nastiness; (action) wicked action.

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méchant
~e a
(cruel) wicked; (désagréable, grave) nasty; (enfant) naughty; (chien) vicious; (sensationnelfam) terrific. nm, f (enfant) naughty child.

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mèche
nf
(de cheveux) lock; (de bougie) wick; (d'explosif) fuse; (outil) drill bit; de ~ avec in league with.

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méconnaissable
a
unrecognizable.

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méconnaître
vt
misunderstand, misread; (mésestimer) underestimate.

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méconnu
~e a
unrecognized; (artiste) neglected.

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mécontent
~e a
dissatisfied (de with ) (irrité) annoyed (de at, with ) .

mécontentement nm dissatisfaction; annoyance.

mécontenter vt dissatisfy; (irriter) annoy.

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médaille
nf
medal; (insigne) badge; (bijou) medallion.

médaillé, ~e nm, f medallist.

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médaillon
nm
medallion; (bijou) locket.

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médecin
nm
doctor.

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médecine
nf
medicine.

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média
nm
medium; les ~s the media.

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médiateur
-trice nm, f
mediator.

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médiatique
a
(événement, personnalité) media.

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médical
~e (mpl -aux ) a
medical.

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médicament
nm
medicine, drug.

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médico-légal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
forensic.

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médiéval
~e (mpl -aux ) a
medieval.

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médiocre
a
mediocre, poor.

médiocrité nf mediocrity.

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médire
vi
~ de speak ill of, malign.

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médisance
nf
~ (s) malicious gossip.

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méditer
vi
meditate (sur on ) . vt contemplate; (paroles, conseils) mull over; ~ de plan to.

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Méditerranée
nf
la ~ the Mediterranean.

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méditerranéen
~ne a
Mediterranean.

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médium
nm
(personne) medium.

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méduse
nf
jellyfish.

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meeting
nm
meeting.

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méfait
nm
misdeed; les ~s de (conséquences) the ravages of.

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méfiance
nf
suspicion, distrust.

méfiant, ~e a suspicious, distrustful.

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méfierse
vpr
be wary ou careful; se ~ de distrust, be wary of.

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mégaoctet
nm
(Ordinat) megabyte.

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mégère
nf
(femme) shrew.

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mégot
nm
cigarette end.

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meilleur
~e a
(comparatif) better (que than ) (superlatif) best; le ~ livre the best book; mon ~ ami my best friend; ~ marché cheaper. nm, f le ~, la ~e the best (one) . adv (sentir) better; il fait ~ the weather is better.

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mél
nm
e-mail; envoyer un ~ send an e-mail.

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mélancolie
nf
melancholy.

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mélange
nm
mixture, blend.

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mélanger
vt
mix; (thés, parfums) blend.

se ~ vpr mix; (thés, parfums) blend; (idées) get mixed up.

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mélasse
nf
black treacle; (US) molasses.

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mêlée
nf
free for all; (au rugby) scrum.

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mêler
vt
mix (à with ) (qualités) combine; (embrouiller) mix up; ~ qn à (impliquer dans) involve sb in.

se ~ vpr mix; combine; se ~ à (se joindre à) mingle with; (participer à) join in; se ~ de meddle in; mêle-toi de ce qui te regarde mind your own business.

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méli-mélo
(pl mélis-mélos ) nm
jumble.

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mélo
fam nm
melodrama. a inv slushy, schmaltzy fam.

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mélodie
nf
melody.

mélodieux, -ieuse a melodious.

mélodique a melodic.

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mélodramatique
/melOd r
amatik/ a melodramatic.

mélodrame nm melodrama.

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mélomane
nmf
music lover.

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melon
nm
melon; (chapeau) ~ bowler (hat) .

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membrane
nf
membrane.

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membre
nm
(Anat) limb; (adhérent) member.

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même
a
same; ce livre ~ this very book; la bonté ~ kindness itself; en ~ temps at the same time. pron le ~, la ~ the same (one) . adv even; à ~ (sur) directly on; à ~ de in a position to; de ~ (aussi) too; (de la même façon) likewise; de ~ que just as; ~si even if.

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mémé
nf
fam granny.

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mémo
nm
note, memo.

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mémoire
nm
(rapport) memorandum; (Univ) dissertation; ~s (souvenirs écrits) memoirs. nf memory; à la ~ de to the memory of; de ~ from memory; ~ morte/vive (Ordinat) ROM/RAM.

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mémorable
a
memorable.

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menace
nf
threat.

menacer vt threaten (de faire to do ) .

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ménage
nm
(couple) couple; (travail) housework; (famille) household; se mettre en ~ set up house.

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ménagement
nm
avec ~s gently; sans ~s (dire) bluntly; (jeter, pousser) roughly.

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ménager1

-ère a household, domestic; travaux ~s housework.

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ménager2
vt
be gentle with, handle carefully; (utiliser) be careful with; (organiser) prepare (carefully) ne pas ~ ses efforts spare no effort.

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ménagère
nf
housewife.

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ménagerie
nf
menagerie.

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mendiant
~e nm, f
beggar.

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mendier
vt
beg for. vi beg.

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mener
vt
lead; (entreprise, pays) run; (étude, enquête) carry out; (politique) pursue; ~ à (accompagner à) take to; (faire aboutir) lead to; ~ à bien see through. vi lead.

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méningite
nf
meningitis.

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menotte
nf
fam hand; ~s handcuffs.

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mensonge
nm
lie; (action) lying.

mensonger, -ère a untrue, false.

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mensualité
nf
monthly payment.

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mensuel
~le a
monthly. nm monthly (magazine) .

mensuellement adv monthly.

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mensurations
nfpl
measurements.

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mental
~e (mpl -aux ) a
mental; malade ~ mentally ill person; handicapé ~ mentally handicapped person.

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mentalité
nf
mentality.

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menteur
-euse nm, f
liar. a untruthful.

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menthe
nf
mint.

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mention
nf
mention; (annotation) note; (Scol) grade; rayer la ~ inutile delete as appropriate.

mentionner vt mention.

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mentir
vi
lie.

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menton
nm
chin.

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menu
~e a
(petit) tiny; (fin) fine; (insignifiant) minor. adv (couper) fine. nm (carte) menu; (repas) meal; (Ordinat) menu; ~ déroulant pull-down menu.

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menuiserie
nf
carpentry, joinery.

menuisier nm carpenter, joiner.

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méprendrese
vpr
se ~ sur be mistaken about.

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mépris
nm
contempt, scorn (de for ) au ~ de regardless of.

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méprisable
a
contemptible, despicable.

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méprise
nf
mistake.

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méprisant
~e a
scornful.

mépriser vt scorn, despise.

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mer
nf
sea; (marée) tide; en pleine ~ out at sea.

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mercenaire
nm & a
mercenary.

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mercerie
nf
haberdashery; (US) notions store.

mercier, -ière nm, f haberdasher; (US) notions seller.

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merci
interj
thank you, thanks (de, pour for ) ~ beaucoup, ~ bien thank you very much. nm thank you. nf mercy.

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mercredi
nm
Wednesday; ~ des Cendres Ash Wednesday.

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merde
nf
sl shit sl.

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mère
nf
mother; ~ de famille mother.

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méridional
~e (mpl -aux ) a
southern. nm, f Southerner.

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mérite
nm
merit; avoir du ~ à faire deserve credit for doing.

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mériter
vt
deserve; ~ d'être lu be worth reading.

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méritoire
a
commendable.

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merlan
nm
whiting.

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merle
nm
blackbird.

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merveille
nf
wonder, marvel; à ~ wonderfully; faire des ~s work wonders.

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merveilleux
-euse a
wonderful, marvellous.

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mes
MON.

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mésange
nf
tit (mouse) .

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mésaventure
nf
misadventure; par ~ by some misfortune.

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mesdames
MADAME.

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mesdemoiselles
MADEMOISELLE.

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mésentente
nf
disagreement.

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mesquin
~e a
mean-minded, petty; (chiche) mean.

mesquinerie nf meanness.

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mess
nm
(Mil) mess.

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message
nm
message; un ~ électronique an e-mail.

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messager
-ère nm, f
messenger. nm ~ de poche pager.

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messagerie
nf
(transports) freight forwarding; (télécommunications) messaging; ~ électronique electronic mail; ~ vocale voice mail.

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messe
nf
(Relig) mass.

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messieurs
MONSIEUR.

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mesure
nf
measurement; (quantité, unité) measure; (disposition) measure, step; (cadence) time; en ~ in time; (modération) moderation; à ~ que as; dans la ~ où in so far as; dans une certaine ~ to some extent; en ~ de in a position to; sans ~ to excess; (fait) sur ~ made-tomeasure.

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mesuré
~e a
measured; (atttitude) moderate.

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mesurer
vt
measure; (juger) assess; (argent, temps) ration. vi ~ 15 mètres de long be 15 metres long.

se ~ avec vpr pit oneself against.

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met
METTRE .

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métal
(pl -aux ) nm
metal.

métallique a (objet) metal; (éclat) metallic.

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métallurgie
nf
(industrie) metalworking industry.

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métamorphoser
vt
transform.

se ~ vpr be transformed; se ~ en metamorphose into.

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métaphore
nf
metaphor.

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météo
nf
(bulletin) weather forecast.

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météore
nm
meteor.

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météorologie
nf
meteorology.

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météorologique
a
meteorological; conditions ~s weather conditions.

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méthode
nf
method; (ouvrage) course, manual.

méthodique a methodical.

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méticuleux
-euse a
meticulous.

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métier
nm
job; (manuel) trade; (intellectuel) profession; (expérience) experience, skill; ~ (à tisser) loom; remettre qch sur le ~ rework sth.

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métis
~se a
mixed race. nm, f person of mixed race.

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métrage
nm
length; court ~ short (film) long ~ feature-length film.

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mètre
nm
metre; (règle) rule; ~ ruban tape-measure.

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métreur
-euse nm, f
quantity surveyor.

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métrique
a
metric.

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métro
nm
underground; (US) subway.

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métropole
nf
metropolis; (pays) mother country.

métropolitain, ~e a metropolitan.

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mets
nm
dish. METTRE .

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mettable
a
wearable.

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metteur
nm
~ en scène director.

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mettre
vt
put; (radio, chauffage) put ou switch on; (réveil) set; (installer) put in; (revêtir) put on; (porter habituellement) (vêtement, lunettes) wear; (prendre) take; (investir, dépenser) put; (écrire) write, say; elle a mis deux heures it took her two hours; ~ la table lay the table; ~ en question question; ~ en valeur highlight; (terrain) develop; mettons que let's suppose that. vi ~ bas (animal) give birth.

se ~ vpr (vêtement, maquillage) put on; (se placer) (objet) go; (personne) (debout) stand; (assis) sit; (couché) lie; se ~ en short put shorts on; se ~ debout stand up; se ~ au lit go to bed; se ~ à table sit down at table; se ~ en ligne line up; se ~ du sable dans les yeux get sand in one's eyes; se ~ au chinois/tennis take up Chinese/tennis; se ~ au travail set to work; se ~ à faire start to do.

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meuble
nm
piece of furniture; ~s furniture.

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meublé
nm
furnished flat.

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meubler
vt
furnish; (fig) fill.

se ~ vpr buy furniture.

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meugler
vi
moo.

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meule
nf
millstone; ~ de foin haystack.

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meunier
-ière nm, f
miller.

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meurs
meurt MOURIR .

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meurtre
nm
murder.

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meurtrier
-ière a
deadly. nm, f murderer, murderess.

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meurtrir
vt
bruise.

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meute
nf
pack of hounds.

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Mexique
nm
Mexico.

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mi-
préf
mid-, half-; à mi-chemin half-way; à mi-pente half-way up the hill; à la mi-juin in mid-June.

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miauler
vi
miaow.

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micro
nm
microphone, mike; (Ordinat) micro.

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microbe
nm
germ.

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microfilm
nm
microfilm.

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micro-onde
nf
microwave; un four à ~s microwave (oven) .

micro-ondes nm inv microwave (oven) .

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micro-ordinateur
(pl ~s ) nm
personal computer.

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microphone
nm
microphone.

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microprocesseur
nm
microprocessor.

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microscope
nm
microscope.

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midi
nm
twelve o'clock, midday, noon; (déjeuner) lunch-time; (sud) south.

Midi nm le M~ the South of France.

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mie
nf
soft part (of the loaf) un pain de ~ a sandwich loaf.

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miel
nm
honey.

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mielleux
-euse a
unctuous.

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mien
~ne pron
le ~, la ~ne, les ~ (ne) s mine.

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miette
nf
crumb; (fig) scrap; en ~s in pieces.

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mieux
a inv
better (que than ) le ou la oules ~ (the) best. nm best; (progrès) improvement; faire de son ~ do one's best; le ~ serait de the best thing would be to. adv better; le oula oules ~ (de deux) the better; (de plusieurs) the best; elle va ~ she is better; j'aime ~ rester I'd rather stay; il vaudrait ~ partir it would be best to leave; tu ferais ~ de faire you would be best to do.

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mièvre
a
insipid.

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mignon
~ne a
cute; (gentil) kind.

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migraine
nf
headache; (plus fort) migraine.

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migration
nf
migration.

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mijoter
vt/i
simmer; (tramerfam) cook up.

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mil
nm
a thousand.

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milice
nf
militia.

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milieu
(pl ~x ) nm
middle; (environnement) environment; (appartenance sociale) background; (groupe) circle; (voie) middle way; (criminel) underworld; au ~ de in the middle of; en plein ouau beau ~ de right in the middle (of) .

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militaire
a
military. nm soldier, serviceman.

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militant
~e nm, f
militant.

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militer
vi
be a militant; ~ pour militate in favour of.

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mille1
a & nm inv
a thousand; deux ~ two thousand; mettre dans le ~ (fig) hit the nail on the head.

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mille2
nm
~ (marin) (nautical) mile.

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millénaire
nm
millennium. a a thousand years old.

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mille-pattes
nm inv
centipede.

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millésime
nm
date; (de vin) vintage.

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millet
nm
millet.

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milliard
nm
thousand million, billion.

milliardaire nmf multimillionaire.

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millième
a & nmf
thousandth.

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millier
nm
thousand; un ~ (de) about a thousand.

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millimètre
nm
millimetre.

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million
nm
million; deux ~s (de) two million.

millionnaire nmf millionaire.

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mime
nmf
mime-artist. nm (art) mime.

mimer vt mime; (imiter) mimic.

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mimique
nf
expressions and gestures.

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minable
a
fam (logement) shabby; (médiocre) pathetic, crummy.

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minauder
vi
simper.

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mince
a
thin; (svelte) slim; (faible) (espoir, majorité) slim. interj fam blast fam, darn it fam.

minceur nf thinness; slimness.

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mincir
vi
get slimmer; ça te mincit it makes you look slimmer.

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mine
nf
expression; (allure) appearance; avoir bonne ~ look well; faire ~ de make as if to; (exploitation, explosif) mine; (de crayon) lead; ~ de charbon coal-mine.

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miner
vt
(saper) undermine; (garnir d'explosifs) mine.

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minerai
nm
ore.

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minéral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
mineral. nm (pl -aux ) mineral.

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minéralogique
a
plaque ~ numberplate; (US) license plate.

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minet
~te nm, f
(chatfam) pussy (cat) .

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mineur
~e a
minor; (Jur) under age. nm, f (Jur) minor. nm (ouvrier) miner.

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miniature
nf & a
miniature.

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minier
-ière a
mining.

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minimal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
minimal, minimum.

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minime
a
minimal, minor. nmf (Sport) junior.

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minimum
a
minimum. nm minimum; au ~ (pour le moins) at the very least; en faire un ~ do as little as possible.

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ministère
nm
ministry; (gouvernement) government; ~ public public prosecutor's office.

ministériel, ~le a ministerial, government.

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ministre
nm
minister; (au Royaume-Uni) Secretary of State; (US) Secretary.

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Minitel®
nm
Minitel (telephone videotext system) .

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minorer
vt
reduce.

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minoritaire
a
minority; être ~ be in the minority.

minorité nf minority.

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minuit
nm
midnight.

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minuscule
a
minute. nf (lettre) ~ lower case.

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minute
nf
minute; 'talons ~' 'heels repaired while you wait'.

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minuterie
nf
time-switch.

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minutie
nf
meticulousness.

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minutieux
-ieuse a
meticulous.

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mioche
nm, f
fam kid.

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mirabelle
nf
(mirabelle) plum.

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miracle
nm
miracle; par ~ miraculously.

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miraculeux
-euse a
miraculous.

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mirage
nm
mirage.

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mire
nf
(fig) centre of attraction; (TV) test card.

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mirobolant
~e a
fam marvellous.

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miroir
nm
mirror.

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miroiter
vi
shimmer, sparkle.

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mis
~e a
bien ~ welldressed. METTRE .

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mise
nf
(argent) stake; (tenue) attire; ~ à feu blast-off; ~ au point adjustment; (fig) clarification; ~ de fonds capital outlay; ~ en garde warning; ~ en plis set; ~ en scène direction.

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miser
vt
(argent) bet, stake (sur on ) . vi ~ sur (parier) place a bet on; (compter sur) bank on.

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misérable
a
miserable, wretched; (indigent) destitute; (minable) seedy, squalid.

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misère
nf
destitution; (malheur) trouble, woe.

miséreux, -euse nm, f destitute person.

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miséricorde
nf
mercy.

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missel
nm
missal.

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missile
nm
missile.

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mission
nm
mission.

missionnaire nmf missionary.

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missive
nf
missive.

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mistral
nm
(vent) mistral.

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mitaine
nf
fingerless mitt.

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mite
nf
(clothes-) moth.

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mi-temps
nf inv
(arrêt) half-time; (période) half. nm inv part-time work; à ~ part-time.

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miteux
-euse a
shabby.

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mitigé
~e a
(modéré) lukewarm; (succès) qualified.

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mitonner
vt
cook slowly with care; (fig) cook up.

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mitoyen
~ne a
mur ~ party wall.

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mitrailler
vt
machine-gun; (fig) bombard.

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mitraillette
nf
submachine gun.

mitrailleuse nf machine gun.

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mi-voix:
à ~ loc
in a low voice.

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mixeur
nm
liquidizer, blender; (batteur) mixer.

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mixte
a
mixed; (commission) joint; (école) coeducational; (peau) combination.

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mobile
a
mobile; (pièce) moving; (feuillet) loose. nm (art) mobile; (raison) motive.

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mobilier
nm
furniture.

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mobilisation
nf
mobilization.

mobiliser vt mobilize.

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mobilité
nf
mobility.

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mobylette®
nf
moped.

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moche
a
fam (laid) ugly; (mauvais) lousy.

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modalités
nfpl
(conditions) terms; (façon de fonctionner) practical details.

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mode
nf
fashion; (coutume) custom; à la ~ fashionable. nm method, mode; (genre) way; ~ d'emploi directions (for use) .

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modèle
a
model. nm model; (exemple) example; (Comm) (type) model; (taille) size; (style) style; ~ familial family size; ~ réduit (small-scale) model.

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modeler
vt
model (sur on ) .

se ~ sur vpr model oneself on.

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modem
nm
modem.

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modérateur
-trice a
moderating.

modération nf moderation.

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modéré
~e a & nm, f
moderate.

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modérer
vt
(propos) moderate; (désirs, sentiments) curb.

se ~ vpr restrain oneself.

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moderne
a
modern.

moderniser vt modernize.

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modeste
a
modest.

modestie nf modesty.

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modification
nf
modification.

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modifier
vt
change, modify.

se ~ vpr change, alter.

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modique
a
modest.

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modiste
nf
milliner.

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moduler
vt
modulate; (adapter) adjust.

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moelle
nf
marrow; ~ épinière spinal cord; ~ osseuse bone marrow.

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moelleux
-euse a
soft; (onctueux) smooth.

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mœurs
nfpl
(morale) morals; (usages) customs; (manières) habits, ways.

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moi
pron
me; (indirect) (to) me; (sujet) I. nm self.

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moignon
nm
stump.

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moi-même
pron
myself.

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moindre
a
(moins grand) lesser; le ou la ~, les ~s the slightest, the least.

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moine
nm
monk.

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moineau
(pl ~x ) nm
sparrow.

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moins
prép
minus; (pour dire l'heure) to; une heure ~ dix ten to one. adv less (que than ) le oula oules ~ the least; le ~ grand/haut the smallest/lowest; ~ de (avec un nom non dénombrable) less (que than ) ~ de dix francs less than ten francs; ~ de livres fewer books; au ~, du ~ at least; à ~ que unless; de ~ less; de ~ en ~ less and less; en ~ less; (manquant) missing.

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mois
nm
month.

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moisi
~e a
mouldy. nm mould; de ~ (odeur) musty.

moisir vi go mouldy.

moisissure nf mould.

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moisson
nf
harvest.

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moissonner
vt
harvest, reap.

moissonneur, -euse nm, f harvester.

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moite
a
sticky, clammy.

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moitié
nf
half; (milieu) halfway mark; s'arrêter à la ~ stop halfway through; à ~ vide half empty; à ~ prix (at) half-price; la ~ de half (of) .

moitié-moitié adv half-and-half.

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mol
MOU.

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molaire
nf
molar.

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molécule
nf
molecule.

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molester
vt
manhandle, rough up.

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molle
MOU.

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mollement
adv
softly; (faiblement) feebly.

mollesse nf softness; (faiblesse) feebleness; (apathie) listlessness.

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mollet
nm
(de jambe) calf.

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mollir
vi
soften; (céder) yield.

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môme
nmf
fam kid.

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moment
nm
moment; (période) time; (petit) ~ short while; au ~ où when; par ~s now and then; du ~ où ouque (pourvu que) as long as, provided that; (puisque) since; en ce ~ at the moment.

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momentané
~e a
momentary.

momentanément adv momentarily; (en ce moment) at present.

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momie
nf
mummy.

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mon
ma (mon before vowel or mute h) (pl mes ) a
my.

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Monaco
npr
Monaco.

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monarchie
nf
monarchy.

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monarque
nm
monarch.

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monastère
nm
monastery.

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monceau
(pl ~x ) nm
heap, pile.

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mondain
~e a
society, social.

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monde
nm
world; du ~ (a lot of) people; (quelqu'un) somebody; le (grand) ~ (high) society; se faire (tout) un ~ de qch make a great deal of fuss about sth; pas le moins du ~ not in the least.

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mondial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
world; (influence) worldwide.

mondialement adv the world over.

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monétaire
a
monetary.

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moniteur
-trice nm, f
instructor; (de colonie de vacances) group leader; (US) (camp) counselor.

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monnaie
nf
currency; (pièce) coin; (appoint) change; faire la ~ de get change for; faire de la ~ à qn give sb change; menue oupetite ~ small change.

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monnayer
vt
convert into cash.

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mono
a inv
mono.

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monologue
nm
monologue.

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monopole
nm
monopoly.

monopoliser vt monopolize.

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monospace
nm
(Auto) people carrier.

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monotone
a
monotonous.

monotonie nf monotony.

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Monseigneur
(pl Messeigneurs ) nm
(à un duc, archevêque) Your Grace; (à un prince) Your Highness.

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monsieur
(pl messieurs ) nm
(à un inconnu) (dans une lettre) M~ Dear Sir; bonjour, ~ good morning; mesdames et messieurs ladies and gentlemen; (à un homme dont on connaît le nom) (dans une lettre) Cher M~ Dear Mr X; bonjour, ~ good morning Mr X; M~ le curé Father X; oui M~ le ministre yes Minister; (homme) man; (formule de respect) sir.

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monstre
nm
monster. a fam colossal.

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monstrueux
-euse a
monstrous.

monstruosité nf monstrosity.

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mont
nm
mountain; le ~ Everest Mount Everest; être toujours par ~s et par vaux be always on the move.

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montage
nm
(assemblage) assembly; (au cinéma) editing.

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montagne
nf
mountain; (région) mountains; ~s russes roller-coaster.

montagneux, -euse a mountainous.

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montant
~e a
rising; (col) high; (chemin) uphill. nm amount; (pièce de bois) upright.

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mont-de-piété
(pl monts-depiété ) nm
pawnshop.

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monte-charge
nm inv
goods lift.

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montée
nf
ascent, climb; (de prix) rise; (de coûts, risques) increase; (côte) hill.

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monter
vt
(aux.avoir) take up; (à l'étage) take upstairs; (escalier, rue, pente) go up; (assembler) assemble; (tente, échafaudage) put up; (col, manche) set in; (organiser) (pièce) stage; (société) set up; (attaque, garde) mount. vi (aux.être) go ou come up; (à l'étage) go ou come upstairs; (avion) climb; (route) go uphill, climb; (augmenter) rise; (marée) come up; ~ sur (trottoir, toit) get up on; (cheval, bicyclette) get on; ~ à l'échelle/l'arbre climb the ladder/tree; ~ dans (voiture) get in; (train, bus, avion) get on; ~ à bord climb on board; ~ (à cheval) ride; ~ à bicyclette/moto ride a bike/motorbike.

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monteur
-euse nm, f
(Tech) fitter; (au cinéma) editor.

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montre
nf
watch; faire ~ de show.

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montrer
vt
show (à to ) ~ du doigt point to.

se ~ vpr show oneself; (être) be; (s'avérer) prove to be.

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monture
nf
(cheval) mount; (de lunettes) frames (+pl ) (de bijou) setting.

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monument
nm
monument; ~ aux morts war memorial.

monumental (mpl -aux ) a monumental.

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moquerse
vpr
se ~ de make fun of; je m'en moque fam I couldn't care less.

moquerie nf mockery.

moqueur, -euse a mocking.

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moquette
nf
fitted carpet; (US) wall-to-wall carpeting.

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moral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
moral. nm (pl -aux ) morale; ne pas avoir le ~ feel down; avoir le ~ be in good spirits; ça m'a remonté le ~ it gave me a boost.

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morale
nf
moral code; (mœurs) morals; (de fable) moral; faire la ~ à lecture.

moralité nf (de personne) morals (+pl ) (d'action, œuvre) morality; (de fable) moral.

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moralisateur
-trice a
moralizing.

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morbide
a
morbid.

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morceau
(pl ~x ) nm
piece, bit; (de sucre) lump; (de viande) cut; (passage) passage; manger un ~ fam have a bite to eat; mettre en ~x smash ou tear to bits.

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morceler
vt
divide up.

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mordant
~e a
scathing; (froid) biting. nm vigour, energy.

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mordiller
vt
nibble at.

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mordre
vi
bite (dans into ) ~ sur (ligne) go over; (territoire) encroach on; ~ à l'hameçon bite. vt bite.

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mordu
~e fam nm, f
fan. a smitten; ~ de crazy about.

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morfondrese
vpr
wait anxiously; (languir) mope.

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morgue
nf
morgue, mortuary; (attitude) arrogance.

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moribond
~e a
dying.

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morne
a
dull.

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morphine
nf
morphine.

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mors
nm
(de cheval) bit.

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morse
nm
(animal) walrus; (code) Morse code.

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morsure
nf
bite.

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mort1
nf
death.

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mort2
, ~e a
dead; ~ de fatigue dead tired. nm, f dead man, dead woman; les ~s the dead.

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mortalité
nf
mortality; (taux de) ~ death rate.

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mortel
~le a
mortal; (accident) fatal; (poison, silence) deadly. nm, f mortal.

mortellement adv mortally.

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mortifié
~e a
mortified.

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mort-né
~e a
stillborn.

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mortuaire
a
(cérémonie) funeral.

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morue
nf
cod.

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mosaïque
nf
mosaic.

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mosquée
nf
mosque.

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mot
nm
word; (lettre, message) note; ~ d'ordre watchword; ~ de passe password; ~s croisés crossword (puzzle) .

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motard
nm
biker; (policier) police motorcyclist.

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moteur
-trice a
(Méd) motor; (force) driving; à 4 roues motrices 4-wheel drive. nm engine, motor; barque à ~ motor launch; ~ de recherche (Internet) search engine.

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motif
nm
(raisons) grounds (+pl ) (cause) reason; (Jur) motive; (dessin) pattern.

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motion
nf
motion.

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motivation
nf
motivation.

motiver vt motivate.

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moto
nf
motor cycle.

motocycliste nmf motorcyclist.

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motorisé
~e a
motorized.

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motrice
MOTEUR.

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motte
nf
lump; (de beurre) slab; (de terre) clod; ~ de gazon turf.

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mou
(mol before vowel or mute h)

molle a soft; (ventre) flabby; (sans conviction) feeble; (apathique) sluggish, listless. nm slack; avoir du ~ be slack.

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mouchard
~e nm, f
informer; (Scol) sneak.

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mouche
nf
fly; (de cible) bull's eye.

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moucherse
vpr
blow one's nose.

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moucheron
nm
midge.

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moucheté
~e a
speckled.

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mouchoir
nm
handkerchief, hanky; ~ en papier tissue.

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moue
nf
pout; faire la ~ pout.

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mouette
nf
(sea) gull.

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moufle
nf
(gant) mitten.

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mouillé
~e a
wet.

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mouiller
vt
wet, make wet; ~ l'ancre drop anchor.

se ~ vpr get (oneself) wet.

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moulage
nm
cast.

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moule
nf
(coquillage) mussel. nm mould; ~ à gâteau cake tin; ~ à tarte flan dish.

mouler vt mould; (statue) cast.

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moulin
nm
mill; ~ à café coffee grinder; ~ à poivre pepper mill; ~ à vent windmill.

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moulinet
nm
(de canne à pêche) reel; faire des ~s avec qch twirl sth around.

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moulinette®
nf
vegetable mill.

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moulu
~e a
ground; (fatiguéfam) worn out.

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moulure
nf
moulding.

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mourant
~e a
dying. nm, f dying person.

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mourir
vi
(aux. être) die; ~ d'envie de be dying to; ~ de faim be starving; ~ d'ennui be dead bored.

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mousquetaire
nm
musketeer.

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mousse
nf
moss; (écume) froth, foam; (de savon) lather; (dessert) mousse; ~ à raser shaving foam. nm ship's boy.

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mousseline
nf
muslin; (de soie) chiffon.

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mousser
vi
froth, foam; (savon) lather.

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mousseux
-euse a
frothy. nm sparkling wine.

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mousson
nf
monsoon.

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moustache
nf
moustache; ~s (d'animal) whiskers.

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moustique
nm
mosquito.

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moutarde
nf
mustard.

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mouton
nm
sheep; (peau) sheepskin; (viande) mutton.

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mouvant
~e a
changing; (terrain) shifting, unstable.

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mouvement
nm
movement; (agitation) bustle; (en gymnastique) exercise; (impulsion) impulse; (tendance) tend, tendency; en ~ in motion.

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mouvementé
~e a
eventful.

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moyen
~ne a
average; (médiocre) poor; de taille moyenne medium-sized. nm means, way; ~s means; (dons) ability; au ~ de by means of; il n'y a pas ~ de it is not possible to.

Moyen Âge nm Middle Ages (+pl ) .

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moyennant
prép
(pour) for; (grâce à) with.

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moyenne
nf
average; (Scol) pass-mark; en ~ on average; ~ d'âge average age.

moyennement adv moderately.

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Moyen-Orient
nm
Middle East.

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moyeu
(pl ~x ) nm
hub.

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mû
mue a
driven (par by ) .

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mucoviscidose
nf
cystic fibrosis.

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mue
nf
moulting; (de voix) breaking of the voice.

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muer
vi
moult; (voix) break.

se ~ en vpr change into.

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muet
~te a
(Méd) dumb; (fig) speechless (de with ) (silencieux) silent. nm, f mute.

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mufle
nm
nose, muzzle; (personnefam) boor, lout.

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mugir
vi
(vache) moo; (bœuf) bellow; (fig) howl.

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muguet
nm
lily of the valley.

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mule
nf
(female) mule; (pantoufle) mule.

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mulet
nm
(male) mule.

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multicolore
a
multicoloured.

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multimédia
a & nm
multimedia.

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multinational
~e (mpl -aux ) a
multinational.

multinationale nf multinational (company) .

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multiple
nm
multiple. a numerous, many; (naissances) multiple.

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multiplication
nf
multiplication.

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multiplicité
nf
multiplicity.

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multiplier
vt
multiply; (risques) increase.

se ~ vpr multiply; (accidents) be on the increase; (difficultés) increase.

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multitude
nf
multitude, mass.

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municipal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
municipal; conseil ~ town council.

municipalité nf (ville) municipality; (conseil) town council.

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munir
vt
~ de provide with.

se ~ de vpr (apporter) bring; (emporter) take.

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munitions
nfpl
ammunition.

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mur
nm
wall; ~ du son sound barrier.

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mûr
~e a
ripe; (personne) mature.

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muraille
nf
(high) wall.

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mural
~e (mpl -aux ) a
wall; peinture ~e mural.

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mûre
nf
blackberry.

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mûrir
vi
ripen; (abcès) come to a head; (personne, projet) mature. vt (fruit) ripen; (personne) mature.

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murmure
nm
murmur.

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musc
nm
musk.

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muscade
nf
noix ~ nutmeg.

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muscle
nm
muscle.

musclé, ~e a muscular.

musculaire a muscular.

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musculation
nf
bodybuilding.

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musculature
nf
muscles (+pl ) .

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museau
(pl ~x ) nm
muzzle; (de porc) snout.

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musée
nm
museum; (de peinture) art gallery.

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muselière
nf
muzzle.

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musette
nf
haversack.

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muséum
nm
natural history museum.

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musical
~e (mpl -aux ) a
musical.

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musicien
~ne a
musical. nm, f musician.

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musique
nf
music; (orchestre) band.

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musulman
~e a & nm, f
Muslim.

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mutation
nf
change; (biologique) mutation; (d'un employé) transfer.

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muter
vt
transfer. vi mutate.

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mutilation
nf
mutilation.

mutiler vt mutilate.

mutilé, ~e nm, f disabled person.

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mutin
~e a
mischievous. nm mutineer; (prisonnier) rioter.

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mutinerie
nf
mutiny; (de prisonniers) riot.

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mutisme
nm
silence.

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mutuel
~le a
mutual.

mutuelle nf mutual insurance company.

mutuellement adv mutually; (l'un l'autre) each other.

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myope
a
short-sighted.

myopie nf short-sightedness.

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myosotis
nm
forget-me-not.

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myrtille
nf
bilberry, blueberry.

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mystère
nm
mystery.

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mystérieux
-ieuse a
mysterious.

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mystification
nf
hoax.

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mysticisme
nm
mysticism.

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mystique
a
mystic (al) . nmf mystic. nf mystique.

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mythe
nm
myth.

mythique a mythical.

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mythologie
nf
mythology.

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N

n'
NE.

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nacre
nf
mother-of-pearl.

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nage
nf
swimming; (manière) stroke; traverser à la ~ swim across; en ~ sweating.

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nageoire
nf
fin; (de mammifère) flipper.

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nager
vt/i
swim.

nageur, -euse nm, f swimmer.

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naguère
adv
(autrefois) formerly.

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naïf
-ive a
naïve.

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nain
~e nm, f & a
dwarf.

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naissance
nf
birth; donner ~ à give birth to; (fig) give rise to.

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naître
vi
be born; (résulter) arise (de from ) faire ~ (susciter) give rise to.

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naïveté
nf
naïvety.

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nappe
nf
tablecloth; (de pétrole, gaz) layer; ~ phréatique ground water.

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napperon
nm
(cloth) tablemat.

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narco-dollars
nmpl
drug money.

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narcotique
a & nm
narcotic.

narco (-) trafiquant, ~e (pl ~s ) nm, f drug trafficker.

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narguer
vt
taunt; (autorité) flout.

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narine
nf
nostril.

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nasal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
nasal.

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naseau
(pl ~x ) nm
nostril.

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natal
~e (mpl ~s ) a
native.

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natalité
nf
birth rate.

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natation
nf
swimming.

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natif
-ive a
native.

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nation
nf
nation.

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national
~e (mpl -aux ) a
national.

nationale nf A road; (US) highway.

nationaliser vt nationalize.

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nationalité
nf
nationality.

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natte
nf
(de cheveux) plait; (US) braid; (tapis de paille) mat.

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nature
nf
nature; ~ morte still life; de ~ à likely to; payer en ~ pay in kind. a inv plain; (yaourt) natural; (thé) black.

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naturel
~le a
natural. nm nature; (simplicité) naturalness; (Culin) au ~ plain; (thon) in brine.

naturellement adv naturally; (bien sûr) of course.

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naufrage
nm
shipwreck; faire ~ be shipwrecked; (bateau) be wrecked.

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nauséabond
~e a
nauseating.

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nausée
nf
nausea.

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nautique
a
nautical; sports ~s water sports.

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naval
~e (mpl ~s ) a
naval; chantier ~ shipyard.

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navet
nm
turnip; (film: péj) flop; (US) turkey.

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navette
nf
shuttle (service) faire la ~ shuttle back and forth.

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navigateur
-trice nm, f
sailor; (qui guide) navigator; (Internet) browser.

navigation nf navigation; (trafic) shipping; (Internet) browsing.

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naviguer
vi
sail; (piloter) navigate; (Internet) browse; ~ dans l'Internet surf the Internet.

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navire
nm
ship.

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navré
~e a
sorry (de to ) .

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ne,
n' before vowel or mute h. adverbe
je n'ai que 10 francs I've only got 10 francs.
tu n'avais qu'à le dire ! you only had to say so!
je crains qu'il ~ parte I am afraid he will leave.

Pour les expressions comme ne... guère, ne... jamais, ne... pas, ne... plus etc. guère, jamais, pas, plus, etc.

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né
~e a
born; ~e Martin née Martin; (dans composés) dernier-~ last-born. NAÎTRE .

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néanmoins
adv
nevertheless.

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néant
nm
nothingness; réduire à ~ (effet, efforts) negate, nullify; (espoir) dash; 'revenus: ~' 'income: nil'.

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nécessaire
a
necessary. nm (sac) bag; (trousse) kit; le ~ (l'indispensable) the necessities ou essentials; faire le ~ do what is necessary.

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nécessité
nf
necessity; de première ~ vital.

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nécessiter
vt
necessitate.

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néerlandais
~e a
Dutch. nm (Ling) Dutch.

N~, ~e nm, f Dutchman, Dutchwoman.

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néfaste
a
harmful (à to ) .

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négatif
-ive a & nm
negative.

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négligé
~e a
(travail) careless; (tenue) scruffy. nm (tenue) negligee.

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négligent
~e a
careless, negligent.

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négliger
vt
neglect; (ne pas tenir compte de) ignore, disregard; ~ de faire fail to do.

se ~ vpr neglect oneself.

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négoce
nm
business, trade.

négociant, ~e nm, f merchant.

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négociation
nf
negotiation.

négocier vt/i negotiate.

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nègre
a
(musique, art) Negro. nm (écrivain) ghost writer.

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neige
nf
snow.

neiger vi snow.

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nénuphar
nm
waterlily.

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nerf
nm
nerve; (vigueur) stamina; être sur les ~s be on edge.

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nerveux
-euse a
nervous; (irritable) nervy; (centre, cellule) nerve; (voiture) responsive.

nervosité nf nervousness; (irritabilité) touchiness.

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net
~te a
(clair, distinct) clear; (propre) clean; (notable) marked; (soigné) neat; (prix, poids) net. adv (s'arrêter) dead; (refuser) flatly; (parler) plainly; (se casser) cleanly; (tuer) outright.

nettement adv (expliquer) clearly; (augmenter, se détériorer) markedly; (indiscutablement) distinctly, decidedly.

netteté nf clearness.

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nettoyage
nm
cleaning; ~ à sec dry-cleaning; produit de ~ cleaner.

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nettoyer
vt
clean.

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neuf1
(/n9v/before vowels and mute h) a inv & nm
nine.

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neuf2
, -euve a
new; tout ~ brand new. nm new; remettre à ~ brighten up; du ~ a new development; quoi de ~? what's new?

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neutre
a
neutral; (Gram) neuter. nm (Gram) neuter.

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neutron
nm
neutron.

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neuve
NEUF 2.

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neuvième
a & nm, f
ninth.

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neveu
(pl ~x ) nm
nephew.

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névrose
nf
neurosis.

névrosé, ~e a & nm, f neurotic.

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nez
nm
nose; ~ à ~ face to face; ~ retroussé turned-up nose; avoir du ~ have flair.

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ni
conj
neither, nor; ~ grand ~ petit neither big nor small; ~ l'un ~ l'autre ne fument neither (one nor the other) smokes; sortir sans manteau ~ chapeau go without a coat or hat; elle n'a dit ~ oui ~ non she didn't say either yes or no.

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niais
~e a
silly.

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niche
nf
(de chien) kennel; (cavité) niche.

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nicher
vi
nest.

se ~ vpr nest; (se cacher) hide.

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nicotine
nf
nicotine.

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nid
nm
nest; faire un ~ build a nest.

nid-de-poule (pl nids-depoule ) nm pot-hole.

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nièce
nf
niece.

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nier
vt
deny.

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nigaud
~e nm, f
silly idiot.

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nippon
~ne a
Japanese.

N~, ~ne nm, f Japanese.

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niveau
(pl ~x ) nm
level; (compétence) standard; (étage) storey; (US) story; au ~ up to standard; mettre à ~ (Ordinat) upgrade; ~ à bulle (d'air) spiritlevel; ~ de vie standard of living.

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niveler
vt
level.

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noble
a
noble. nm, f nobleman, noblewoman.

noblesse nf nobility.

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noce
nf
(fêtefam) party; (invités) wedding guests; ~s wedding; faire la ~ fam live it up, party.

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nocif
-ive a
harmful.

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noctambule
nmf
late-night reveller.

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nocturne
a
nocturnal. nm (Mus) nocturne. nf (Sport) evening fixture; (de magasin) late-night opening.

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Noël
nm
Christmas.

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nœud
nm
(Naut) knot; (pour lier) knot; (pour orner) bow; ~s (fig) ties; ~ coulant slipknot, noose; ~ papillon bow-tie.

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noir
~e a
black; (obscur, sombre) dark; (triste) gloomy. nm black; (obscurité) dark; travail au ~ moonlighting. nm, f (personne) Black.

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noircir
vt
blacken; ~ la situation paint a black picture of the situation. vi (banane) go black; (mur) get dirty; (métal) tarnish.

se ~ vpr (ciel) darken.

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noire
nf
(Mus) crotchet.

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noisette
nf
hazelnut; (de beurre) knob.

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noix
nf
nut; (du noyer) walnut; (de beurre) knob; ~ de cajou cashew nut; ~ de coco coconut; à la ~ fam useless.

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nom
nm
name; (Gram) noun; au ~ de on behalf of; ~ et prénom full name; ~ déposé registered trademark; ~ de famille surname; ~ de jeune fille maiden name; ~ de plume pen name; ~ propre proper noun.

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nomade
a
nomadic. nmf nomad.

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nombre
nm
number; au ~ de (parmi) among; (l'un de) one of; en (grand) ~ in large numbers; sans ~ countless.

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nombreux
-euse a
(en grand nombre) many, numerous; (important) large; de ~ enfants many children; nous étions très ~ there were a great many of us.

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nombril
nm
navel.

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nomination
nf
appointment.

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nommer
vt
name; (élire) (à un poste) appoint; (à un lieu) post.

se ~ vpr (s'appeler) be called.

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non
adv
no; (pas) not; ~ (pas) que not that; il vient, ~? he is coming, isn't he?; moi ~ plus neither am/do/can/etc. I. nm inv no.

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non-
préf
non-; ~-fumeur non-smoker.

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nonante
a & nm
ninety.

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non-sens
nm inv
absurdity.

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nord
a inv
(façade, côte) north; (frontière, zone) northern. nm north; le ~ de l'Europe northern Europe; vent de ~ northerly (wind) aller vers le ~ go north; le Nord the North; du Nord northern.

nord-est nm north-east.

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nordique
a
Scandinavian.

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nord-ouest
nm
north-west.

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normal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
normal.

normale nf normality; (norme) norm; (moyenne) average.

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normand
~e a
Norman.

N~, ~e nm, f Norman.

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Normandie
nf
Normandy.

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norme
nf
norm; (de production) standard; ~s de sécurité safety standards.

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Norvège
nf
Norway.

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norvégien
~ne a
Norwegian.

N~, ~ne nm, f Norwegian.

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nos
NOTRE.

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nostalgie
nf
nostalgia; avoir la ~ de son pays be homesick.

nostalgique a nostalgic.

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notaire
nm
notary public.

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notamment
adv
notably.

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note
nf
(remarque) note; (chiffrée) mark, grade; (facture) bill; (Mus) note; ~ (de service) memorandum; prendre ~ de take note of.

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noter
vt
note, notice; (écrire) note (down) (devoir) mark; (US) grade; bien/mal noté (employé) highly/poorly rated.

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notice
nf
note; (mode d'emploi) instructions, directions.

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notifier
vt
notify (à to ) .

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notion
nf
notion; avoir des ~s de have a basic knowledge of.

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notoire
a
well-known; (criminel) notorious.

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notre
(pl nos ) a
our.

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nôtre
pron
le ou la ~, les ~s ours.

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nouer
vt
tie, knot; (relations) strike up.

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nouille
nf
(Culin) noodle; des ~s noodles, pasta; (idiotfam) idiot.

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nounours
nm
fam teddy bear.

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nourri
~e a
être logé ~ have bed and board; ~ au sein breastfed.

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nourrice
nf
childminder.

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nourrir
vt
feed; (espoir, crainte) harbour; (projet) nurture; (passion) fuel. vi be nourishing.

se ~ vpr eat; se ~ de feed on.

nourrissant, ~e a nourishing.

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nourrisson
nm
infant.

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nourriture
nf
food.

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nous
pron
(sujet) we; (complément) us; (indirect) (to) us; (réfléchi) ourselves; (l'un l'autre) each other; la voiture est à ~ the car is ours.

nous-mêmes pron ourselves.

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nouveau
(nouvel before vowel or mute h)

nouvelle (mpl ~x ) a new; nouvel an new year; ~x mariés newly-weds; ~ venu, nouvelle venue newcomer. nm, f (élève) new boy, new girl. nm du ~ (fait nouveau) a new development; de ~, à ~ again.

nouveau-né (pl ~s ) nm newborn baby.

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nouveauté
nf
novelty; (chose) new thing; (livre) new publication; (disque) new release.

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nouvelle
nf
(piece of) news; (récit) short story; ~s news.

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Nouvelle-Zélande
nf
New Zealand.

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novembre
nm
November.

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noyade
nf
drowning.

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noyau
(pl ~x ) nm
(de fruit) stone; (US) pit; (de cellule) nucleus; (groupe) group; (centre: fig) core.

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noyer
vt
drown; (inonder) flood.

se ~ vpr drown; (volontairement) drown oneself; se ~ dans un verre d'eau make a mountain out of a molehill. nm walnut-tree.

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nu
~e a
(corps, personne) naked; (mains, mur, fil) bare; à l'œil ~ to the naked eye. nm nude; mettre à ~ expose.

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nuage
nm
cloud.

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nuance
nf
shade; (de sens) nuance; (différence) difference.

nuancer vt (opinion) qualify.

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nucléaire
a
nuclear. nm le ~ nuclear energy.

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nudisme
nm
nudism.

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nudité
nf
nudity; (de lieu) bareness.

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nuée
nf
swarm, host.

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nues
nfpl
tomber des ~ be amazed; porter qn aux ~ praise sb to the skies.

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nuire
vi
~ à harm.

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nuisible
a
harmful (à to ) .

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nuit
nf
night; cette ~ tonight; (hier) last night; il fait ~ it is dark; ~ blanche sleepless night; la ~, de ~ at night; ~ de noces wedding night.

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nul
~le a
(aucun) no; (zéro) nil; (qui ne vaut rien) useless; (non valable) null; (contrat) void; (testament) invalid; match ~ draw; ~ en sciences no good at science; nulle part nowhere; ~ autre no one else. pron no one.

nullement adv not at all.

nullité nf uselessness; (personne) nonentity.

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numérique
a
numerical; (montre, horloge) digital.

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numéro
nm
number; (de journal) issue; (spectacle) act; ~ de téléphone telephone number; ~ vert freephone number.

numéroter vt number.

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nuque
nf
nape (of the neck) .

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nurse
nf
nanny.

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nutritif
-ive a
nutritious; (valeur) nutritional.

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O

oasis
nf
oasis.

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obéir
vt
~ à obey. vi obey.

obéissance nf obedience.

obéissant, ~e a obedient.

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obèse
a
obese.

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objecter
vt
object.

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objectif
-ive a
objective. nm objective; (Photo) lens.

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objection
nf
objection; soulever des ~s raise objections.

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objet
nm
(chose) object; (sujet) subject; (but) purpose, object; être oufaire l'~ de be the subject of; ~ d'art objet d'art; ~s trouvés lost property; (US) lost and found.

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obligation
nf
obligation; (Comm) bond; être dans l'~ de be under obligation to.

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obligatoire
a
compulsory.

obligatoirement adv (par règlement) of necessity; (inévitablement) inevitably.

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obligeance
nf
avoir l'~ de faire be kind enough to do.

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obliger
vt
compel, force (à faire to do ) (aider) oblige; être obligé de have to (de for ) .

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oblique
a
oblique; regard ~ sidelong glance; en ~ at an angle.

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oblitérer
vt
(timbre) cancel.

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obnubilé
~e a
obsessed.

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obscène
a
obscene.

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obscur
~e a
dark; (confus, humble) obscure; (vague) vague.

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obscurcir
vt
make dark; (fig) obscure.

s'~ vpr (ciel) darken.

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obscurité
nf
dark- (ness) (de passage, situation) obscurity.

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obsédant
~e a
(problème) nagging; (musique, souvenir) haunting.

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obsédé
~e nm, f
~ (sexuel) sex maniac; ~ du ski/jazz ski/jazz freak.

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obséder
vt
obsess.

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obsèques
nfpl
funeral.

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observateur
-trice a
observant. nm, f observer.

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observation
nf
observation; (remarque) remark, comment; (reproche) criticism; (obéissance) observance; en ~ under observation.

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observer
vt
(regarder) observe; (surveiller) watch, observe; (remarquer) notice, observe; faire ~ qch point sth out (à to ) .

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obsession
nf
obsession.

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obstacle
nm
obstacle; (pour cheval) fence, jump; (pour athlète) hurdle; faire ~ à stand in the way of, obstruct.

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obstétrique
nf
obstetrics (+sg ) .

obstiné, ~e a stubborn, obstinate.

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obstiners'
vpr
persist (à in ) .

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obstruction
nf
obstruction; (de conduit) blockage.

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obstruer
vt
obstruct, block.

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obtenir
vt
get, obtain.

obtention nf obtaining.

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obus
nm
shell.

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occasion
nf
opportunity (de faire of doing ) (circonstance) occasion; (achat) bargain; (article non neuf) second-hand buy; à l'~ sometimes; d'~ second-hand.

occasionnel, ~le a occasional.

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occasionner
vt
cause.

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occident
nm
(direction) west; l'O~ the West.

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occidental
~e (mpl -aux ) a
western.

O~, ~e (mpl -aux ) nm, f westerner.

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occulte
a
occult.

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occupant
~e nm, f
occupant. nm (Mil) forces of occupation.

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occupation
nf
occupation.

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occupé
~e a
busy; (place, pays) occupied; (téléphone) engaged, busy; (toilettes) engaged.

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occuper
vt
occupy; (poste) hold; (espace, temps) take up.

s'~ vpr (s'affairer) keep busy (à faire doing ) s'~ de (personne, problème) take care of; (bureau, firme) be in charge of; (se mêler) occupe-toi de tes affaires mind your own business.

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occurrence:
en l'~ loc
in this case.

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océan
nm
ocean.

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Océanie
nf
Oceania.

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ocre
a inv
ochre.

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octante
a
eighty.

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octet
nm
byte.

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octobre
nm
October.

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octogone
nm
octagon.

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octroyer
vt
grant.

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oculaire
a
témoin ~ eye-witness; troubles ~s eye trouble.

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oculiste
nmf
ophthalmologist.

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odeur
nf
smell.

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odieux
-ieuse a
odious.

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odorant
~e a
sweetsmelling.

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odorat
nm
sense of smell.

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œil
(pl yeux ) nm
eye; à l'~ fam for free; à mes yeux in my view; faire de l'~ à make eyes at; faire les gros yeux à glare at; ouvrir l'~ keep one's eyes open; ~ poché black eye; fermer les yeux shut one's eyes; (fig) turn a blind eye.

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œillères
nfpl
blinkers.

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œillet
nm
(plante) carnation; (trou) eyelet.

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œuf
(pl ~s ) nm
egg; ~ à la coque/dur/sur le plat boiled/ hard-boiled/fried egg.

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œuvre
nf
(ouvrage, travail) work; ~ d'art work of art; (~ de bienfaisance ) charity; être à l'~ be at work; mettre en ~ (réforme, moyens) implement; mise en ~ implementation. nm (ensemble spécifié) l'~ sculpté de X the sculptures of X; l'~ entier de Beethoven the complete works of Beethoven.

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œuvrer
vi
work.

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off
a inv
voix ~ voice-over.

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offense
nf
insult.

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offenser
vt
offend.

s'~ vpr take offence (de at ) .

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offensive
nf
offensive.

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offert
~e OFFRIR .

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office
nm
office; (Relig) service; (de cuisine) pantry; faire ~ de act as; d'~ without consultation, automatically; ~ du tourisme tourist information office.

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officiel
~le a
official. nm official.

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officier
vi
(Relig) officiate. nm officer.

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officieux
-ieuse a
unofficial.

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offre
nf
offer; (aux enchères) bid; l'~ et la demande supply and demand; '~s d'emploi' 'situations vacant'.

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offrir
vt
offer (de faire to do ) (cadeau) give; (acheter) buy; ~ à boire à (chez soi) give a drink to; (au café) buy a drink for.

s'~ vpr (se proposer) offer oneself (comme as ) (solution) present itself; (s'acheter) treat oneself to.

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ogive
nf
~ nucléaire nuclear warhead.

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oie
nf
goose.

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oignon
nm
(légume) onion; (de fleur) bulb.

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oiseau
(pl ~x ) nm
bird.

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oisif
-ive a
idle.

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olive
nf & a inv
olive.

olivier nm olive tree.

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olympique
a
Olympic.

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ombrage
nm
shade; pren-dre ~ de take offence at.

ombragé, ~e a shady.

ombrageux, -euse a easily offended.

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ombre
nf
(pénombre) shade; (contour) shadow; (soupçon: fig) hint, shadow; dans l'~ (agir, rester) behind the scenes; faire de l'~ à qn be in sb's light.

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ombrelle
nf
parasol.

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omelette
nf
omelette.

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omettre
vt
omit, leave out.

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omnibus
nm
stopping ou local train.

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omoplate
nf
shoulder blade.

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on
pron
(tu, vous) you; (nous) we; (ils, elles) they; (les gens) people, they; (quelqu'un) someone; (indéterminé) one, you; ~ dit people say, they say, it is said; ~ m'a demandé mon avis I was asked for my opinion.

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oncle
nm
uncle.

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onctueux
-euse a
smooth.

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onde
nf
wave; ~s courtes/longues short/long wave; sur les ~s on the air.

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on-dit
nm inv
les ~ hearsay.

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onduler
vi
undulate; (cheveux) be wavy.

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onéreux
-euse a
costly.

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ongle
nm
(finger) nail; ~ de pied toenail; se faire les ~s do one's nails.

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ont
AVOIR .

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ONU
abrév f
(Organisation des Nations unies ) UN.

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onze
a & nm
eleven.

onzième a & nmf eleventh.

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OPA
abrév f
(offre publique d'achat ) takeover bid.

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opéra
nm
opera; (édifice) opera house.

opéra-comique (pl opéras-comiques ) nm light opera.

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opérateur
-trice nm, f
operator; ~ (de prise de vue) cameraman.

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opération
nf
operation; (Comm) deal; (calcul) calculation.

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opératoire
a
(Méd) surgical; bloc ~ operating suite.

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opérer
vt
(personne) operate on; (exécuter) carry out, make; ~ qn d'une tumeur operate on sb to remove a tumour; se faire ~ have surgery ou an operation. vi (Méd) operate; (faire effet) work.

s'~ vpr (se produire) occur.

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opiniâtre
a
tenacious.

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opinion
nf
opinion.

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opportuniste
nmf
opportunist.

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opposant
~e nm, f
opponent.

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opposé
~e a
(sens, angle, avis) opposite; (factions) opposing; (intérêts) conflicting; être ~ à be opposed to. nm opposite; à l'~ de (contrairement à) contrary to, unlike.

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opposer
vt
(objets) place opposite each other; (personnes) match, oppose; (contraster) contrast; (résistance, argument) put up.

s'~ vpr (personnes) confront each other; (styles) contrast; s'~ à oppose.

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opposition
nf
opposition; par ~ à in contrast with; entrer en ~ avec come into conflict with; faire ~ à un chèque stop a cheque.

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oppressant
~e a
oppressive.

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opprimer
vt
oppress.

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opter
vi
~ pour opt for.

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opticien
~ne nm, f
optician.

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optimisme
nm
optimism.

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optimiste
nmf
optimist. a optimistic.

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option
nf
option.

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optique
a
(verre) optical. nf (science) optics (+sg ) (perspective) perspective.

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or1
nm
gold; d'~ golden; en ~ gold; (occasion) golden.

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or2
conj
now, well; (indiquant une opposition) and yet.

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orage
nm
(thunder) storm.

orageux, -euse a stormy.

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oral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
oral. nm (pl -aux ) oral.

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orange
a inv
orange; (Aut) (feu) amber; (US) yellow. nf orange.

orangeade nf orangeade.

oranger nm orange tree.

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orateur
-trice nm, f
speaker.

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orbite
nf
orbit; (d'œil) socket.

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orchestre
nm
orchestra; (de jazz) band; (parterre) stalls.

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ordinaire
a
ordinary; (habituel) usual; (qualité) standard; (médiocre) very average. nm l'~ the ordinary; (nourriture) the standard fare; d'~, à l'~ usually.

ordinairement adv usually.

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ordinateur
nm
computer; ~ personnel/de bureau personal/desktop computer; ~ portable laptop (computer) ~ hôte (Internet) host.

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ordonnance
nf
(ordre, décret) order; (de médecin) prescription.

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ordonné
~e a
tidy.

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ordonner
vt
order (à qn de sb to ) (agencer) arrange; (Méd) prescribe; (prêtre) ordain.

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ordre
nm
order; (propreté) tidiness; aux ~s de qn at sb's disposal; avoir de l'~ be tidy; en ~ tidy, in order; de premier ~ first-rate; d'~ officiel of an official nature; l'~ du jour (programme) agenda; mettre de l'~ dans tidy up; jusqu'à nouvel ~ until further notice; un ~ de grandeur an approximate idea.

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ordure
nf
filth; ~s (détritus) rubbish; (US) garbage; ~s ménagères household refuse.

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oreille
nf
ear.

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oreiller
nm
pillow.

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oreillons
nmpl
mumps.

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orfèvre
nm
goldsmith.

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organe
nm
organ.

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organigramme
nm
organization chart; (Ordinat) flowchart.

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organique
a
organic.

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organisateur
-trice nm, f
organizer.

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organisation
nf
organization.

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organiser
vt
organize.

s'~ vpr organize oneself, get organized.

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organisme
nm
body, organism.

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orge
nf
barley.

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orgelet
nm
sty.

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orgue
nm
organ; ~ de Barbarie barrel-organ.

orgues nfpl organ.

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orgueil
nm
pride.

or-gueilleux, -euse a proud.

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orient
nm
(direction) east; l'O~ the Orient.

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oriental
~e (mpl -aux ) a
eastern; (de l'Orient) oriental.

O~, ~e (mpl -aux ) nm, f Asian.

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orientation
nf
direction; (tendance politique) leanings (+pl ) (de maison) aspect; (Sport) orienteering; ~ professionnelle careers advice; ~ scolaire curriculum counselling.

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orienter
vt
position; (personne) direct.

s'~ vpr (se repérer) find one's bearings; s'~ vers turn towards.

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origan
nm
oregano.

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originaire
a
être ~ de be a native of.

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original
~e (mpl -aux ) a
original; (curieux) eccentric. nm (œuvre) original. nm, f eccentric.

originalité nf originality; eccentricity.

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origine
nf
origin; à l'~ originally; d'~ (pièce, pneu) original; être d'~ noble come from a noble background.

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originel
~le a
original.

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orme
nm
elm.

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ornement
nm
ornament.

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orner
vt
decorate.

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orphelin
~e nm, f
orphan. a orphaned.

orphelinat nm orphanage.

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orteil
nm
toe.

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orthodoxe
a
orthodox.

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orthographe
nf
spelling.

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ortie
nf
nettle.

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os
nm inv
bone.

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OS
abrév m
OUVRIER SPÉCIALISÉ.

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osciller
vi
sway; (Tech) oscillate; (hésiter) waver; (fluctuer) fluctuate.

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osé
~e a
daring.

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oseille
nf
(plante) sorrel.

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oser
vi
dare.

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osier
nm
wicker.

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ossature
nf
skeleton, frame.

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ossements
nmpl
bones, remains.

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osseux
-euse a
bony; (Méd) bone.

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otage
nm
hostage.

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OTAN
abrév f
(Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique Nord ) NATO.

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otarie
nf
eared seal.

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ôter
vt
remove (à qn from sb ) (déduire) take away.

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otite
nf
ear infection.

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ou
conj
or; ~ bien or else; ~ (bien) ... ~ (bien)... either... or...; vous ~ moi either you or me.

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où
pron
where; (dans lequel) in which; (sur lequel) on which; (auquel) at which; d'~ from which; (pour cette raison) hence; par ~ through which; ~ qu'il soit wherever he may be; juste au moment ~ just as; le jour ~ the day when. adv where; d'~? where from?

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ouate
nf
cotton wool; (US) absorbent cotton.

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oubli
nm
forgetfulness; (trou de mémoire) lapse of memory; (négligence) oversight; tomber dans l'~ sink into oblivion.

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oublier
vt
forget; (omettre) leave out, forget.

s'~ vpr (chose) be forgotten.

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ouest
a inv
(façade, côte) west; (frontière, zone) western. nm west; l'~ de l'Europe western Europe; vent d'~ westerly (wind) aller vers l'~ go west; l'O~ the West; de l'O~ western.

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oui
adv & nm inv
yes.

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ouï-dire:
par ~ loc
by hearsay.

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ouïe
nf
hearing; (de poisson) gill.

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ouragan
nm
hurricane.

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ourlet
nm
hem.

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ours
nm
bear; ~ blanc polar bear; ~ en peluche teddy bear.

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outil
nm
tool.

outillage nm tools (+pl ) .

outiller vt equip.

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outrage
nm
(grave) insult.

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outrance
nf
à ~ excessively.

outrancier, -ière a extreme.

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outre
prép
besides. adv passer ~ pay no heed; ~ mesure unduly; en ~ in addition.

outre-mer adv overseas.

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outrepasser
vt
exceed.

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outrer
vt
exaggerate; (indigner) incense.

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ouvert
~e a
open; (gaz, radio) on. OUVRIR .

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ouverture
nf
opening; (Mus) overture; (Photo) aperture; ~s (offres) overtures; ~ d'esprit open-mindedness.

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ouvrable
a
jour ~ working day; aux heures ~s during business hours.

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ouvrage
nm
(travail, livre) work; (couture) (piece of) needlework.

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ouvre-boîtes
nm inv
tin-opener.

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ouvre-bouteilles
nm inv
bottle-opener.

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ouvreur
-euse nm, f
usherette.

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ouvrier
-ière nm, f
worker; ~ qualifié/spécialisé skilled/unskilled worker. a working-class; (conflit) industrial; syndicat ~ trade union.

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ouvrir
vt
open (up) (gaz, robinet) turn ou switch on. vi open (up) .

s'~ vpr open (up) s'~ à qn open one's heart to sb.

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ovaire
nm
ovary.

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ovale
a & nm
oval.

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ovni
abrév m
(objet volant non-identifié ) UFO.

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ovule
nm
(à féconder) ovum; (gynécologique) pessary.

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oxygène
nm
oxygen.

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oxygéners'
vpr
get some fresh air.

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ozone
nf
ozone; la couche d'~ the ozone layer.

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P

pacifique
a
peaceful; (personne) peaceable; (Géog) Pacific.

P~ nm le P~ the Pacific (Ocean) .

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pacotille
nf
junk, rubbish.

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pagaie
nf
paddle.

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pagaille
nf
fam mess, shambles (+sg ) .

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page
nf
page; mise en ~ layout; tourner la ~ turn over a new leaf; être à la ~ be up to date; ~ d'accueil (Internet) home page.

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paie
nf
pay.

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paiement
nm
payment.

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païen
~ne a & nm, f
pagan.

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paillasson
nm
doormat.

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paille
nf
straw. a (cheveux) straw-coloured; jaune ~ straw yellow.

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paillette
nf
(sur robe) sequin; (de savon) flake; robe à ~s sequined dress.

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pain
nm
bread; (miche) loaf (of bread) (de savon, cire) bar; ~ d'épices gingerbread; ~ grillé toast.

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pair
~e a
(nombre) even. nm (personne) peer; aller de ~ go together (avec with ) au ~ (jeune fille) au pair.

paire nf pair.

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paisible
a
peaceful.

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paître
vi
graze.

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paix
nf
peace; fiche-moi la ~! fam leave me alone!

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Pakistan
nm
Pakistan.

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palace
nm
luxury hotel.

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palais
nm
palace; (Anat) palate; ~ de Justice law courts; ~ des sports sports stadium.

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pâle
a
pale.

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Palestine
nf
Palestine.

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palier
nm
(d'escalier) landing; (étape) stage.

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pâlir
vt/i
(turn) pale.

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palissade
nf
fence.

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pallier
vt
compensate for.

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palmarès
nm
list of prize-winners.

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palme
nf
palm leaf; (de nageur) flipper.

palmé, ~e a (patte) webbed.

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palmier
nm
palm (tree) .

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palper
vt
feel.

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palpiter
vi
(battre) pound; (frémir) quiver.

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paludisme
nm
malaria.

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pamplemousse
nm
grapefruit.

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panaché
~e a
(bariolé, mélangé) motley; glace ~e mixed- flavour ice cream. nm shandy.

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pancarte
nf
sign; (de manifestant) placard.

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pané
~e a
breaded.

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panier
nm
basket; (de basket-ball) basket; mettre au ~ fam throw out; ~ à salade salad shaker; (fourgonfam) police van.

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panique
nf
panic.

paniquer vi panic.

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panne
nf
breakdown; être en ~ have broken down; être en ~ sèche have run out of petrol; ~ d'électricité oude courant power failure.

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panneau
(pl ~x ) nm
sign; (publicitaire) hoarding; (de porte) panel; (~ d'affichage ) notice board; (~ de signalisation ) road sign.

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panoplie
nf
(jouet) outfit; (gamme) range.

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pansement
nm
dressing; ~ adhésif plaster.

panser vt (plaie) dress; (personne) dress the wound (s) of; (cheval) groom.

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pantalon
nm
trousers (+pl ) .

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panthère
nf
panther.

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pantin
nm
puppet.

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pantomime
nf
mime; (spectacle) mime show.

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pantoufle
nf
slipper.

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paon
nm
peacock.

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papa
nm
dad (dy) .

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pape
nm
pope.

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paperasse
nf
(péj) bumf.

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papeterie
nf
(magasin) stationer's shop.

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papier
nm
paper; (formulaire) form; ~s (d'identité) (identity) papers; ~ absorbant kitchen paper; ~ aluminium tin foil; ~ buvard blotting paper; ~ cadeau wrapping paper; ~ calque tracing paper; ~ carbone carbon paper; ~ collant adhesive tape; ~ hygiénique toilet paper; ~ journal newspaper; ~ à lettres writing paper; ~ mâché papier mâché ~ peint wallpaper; ~ de verre sandpaper.

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papillon
nm
butterfly; (contraventionfam) parking-ticket; ~ de nuit moth.

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papoter
vi
fam chatter.

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paquebot
nm
liner.

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pâquerette
nf
daisy.

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Pâques
nfpl & nm
Easter.

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paquet
nm
packet; (de cartes) pack; (colis) parcel; un ~ de (beaucoupfam) a mass of.

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par
prép
by; (à travers) through; (motif) out of, from; (provenance) from; commencer/finir ~ qch begin/end with sth; commencer/finir ~ faire begin by/ end up (by) doing; ~ an/mois a ou per year/month; ~ jour a day; ~ personne each, per person; ~ avion (lettre) (by) airmail; ~-ci, ~-là here and there; ~ contre on the other hand; ~ ici/là this/that way.

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parachute
nm
parachute.

parachutiste nmf parachutist; (Mil) paratrooper.

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parader
vi
show off.

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paradis
nm
(Relig) heaven; (lieu idéal) paradise; ~ fiscal tax haven.

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paradoxal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
paradoxical.

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paraffine
nf
paraffin wax.

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parages
nmpl
dans les ~ around.

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paragraphe
nm
paragraph.

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paraître
vi
(se montrer) appear; (sembler) seem, appear; (ouvrage) be published, come out; faire ~ (ouvrage) bring out; il paraît qu'ils... apparently they...; oui, il paraît so I hear.

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parallèle
a
parallel; (illégal) unofficial. nm parallel; faire le ~ make a connection. nf parallel (line) .

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paralyser
vt
paralyse.

paralysie nf paralysis.

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parapente
nm
paraglider; (activité) paragliding.

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parapher
vi
initial; (signer) sign.

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parapluie
nm
umbrella.

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parasite
nm
parasite; ~s (radio) interference (+sg ) .

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parasol
nm
sunshade.

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paratonnerre
nm
lightning conductor ou rod.

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paravent
nm
screen.

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parc
nm
park; (de bétail) pen; (de bébé) play-pen; (entrepôt) depot; ~ relais park and ride; ~ de stationnement car park.

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parce que
conj
because.

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parchemin
nm
parchment.

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parcmètre
nm
parking meter.

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parcourir
vt
travel ou go through; (distance) travel; (des yeux) glance at ou over.

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parcours
nm
route; (voyage) journey.

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par-delà
prép
beyond.

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par-derrière
adv
(attaquer) from behind; (critiquer) behind sb's back.

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par-dessous
prép & adv
under (neath) .

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pardessus
nm
overcoat.

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par-dessus
prép & adv
over; ~ bord overboard; ~ le marché fam into the bargain; ~ tout above all.

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par-devant
adv
(passer) by the front.

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pardon
nm
forgiveness; (je vous demande) ~! (I am) sorry!; (pour demander qch) excuse me.

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pardonner
vt
forgive; ~ qch à qn forgive sb for sth.

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pare-brise
nm inv
windscreen.

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pare-chocs
nm inv
bumper.

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pareil
~le a
similar (à to ) (tel) such (a) c'est ~ it's the same; ce n'est pas ~ it's not the same thing. nm, f equal. adv fam the same.

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parent
~e a
related (de to ) . nm, f relative, relation; ~s (père et mère) parents; ~ isolé single parent; réunion de ~s d'élèves parents' evening.

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parenté
nf
relationship.

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parenthèse
nf
bracket, parenthesis; (fig) digression.

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parer
vt
(esquiver) parry; (orner) adorn. vi ~ à deal with; ~ au plus pressé tackle the most urgent things first.

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paresse
nf
laziness.

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paresseux
-euse a
lazy. nm, f lazy person.

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parfait
~e a
perfect.

parfaitement adv perfectly; (bien sûr) absolutely.

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parfois
adv
sometimes.

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parfum
nm
(senteur) scent; (substance) perfume, scent; (goût) flavour.

parfumé, ~e a fragrant; (savon) scented; (thé) flavoured.

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parfumer
vt
(embaumer) scent; (gâteau) flavour.

se ~ vpr put on one's perfume.

parfumerie nf (produits) perfumes; (boutique) perfume shop.

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pari
nm
bet.

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Paris
npr
Paris.

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parisien
~ne a
Parisian; (banlieue) Paris.

P~, ~ne nm, f Parisian.

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parking
nm
car park.

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parlement
nm
parliament.

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parlementaire
a
parliamentary. nmf Member of Parliament.

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parlementer
vi
negotiate.

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parler
vi
talk (à to ) ~ de talk about; tu parles d'un avantage! call that a benefit!; de quoi ça parle? what is it about? vt (langue) speak; (politique, affaires) talk.

se ~ vpr (personnes) talk (to each other) (langue) be spoken. nm speech; (dialecte) dialect.

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parmi
prép
among (st) .

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paroi
nf
wall; ~ rocheuse rock face.

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paroisse
nf
parish.

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parole
nf
(mot, promesse) word; (langage) speech; demander la ~ ask to speak; prendre la ~ (begin to) speak; tenir ~ keep one's word; croire qn sur ~ take sb's word for it.

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parquet
nm
(parquet) floor; lame de ~ floorboard; le ~ (Jur) prosecution.

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parrain
nm
godfather; (fig) sponsor.

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parsemer
vt
strew (de with ) .

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part
nf
share, part; à ~ (de côté) aside; (séparément) separate; (excepté) apart from; d'une ~ on the one hand; d'autre ~ on the other hand; (de plus) moreover; de la ~ de from; de toutes ~s from all sides; de ~ et d'autre on both sides; faire ~ à qn inform sb (de of ) faire la ~ des choses make allowances; prendre ~ à take part in; (joie, douleur) share; pour ma ~ as for me.

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partage
nm
(division) dividing; (répartition) sharing out; recevoir qch en ~ be left sth in a will.

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partager
vt
divide; (distribuer) share out; (avoir en commun) share.

se ~ qch vpr share sth.

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partenaire
nmf
partner.

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parterre
nm
flower-bed; (Théât) stalls.

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parti
nm
(Pol) party; (décision) decision; (en mariage) match; ~ pris bias; prendre ~ get involved; prendre ~ pour qn side with sb; j'en ai pris mon ~ I've come to terms with that.

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partial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
biased.

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participe
nm
(Gram) participle.

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participant
~e nm, f
participant (à in ) .

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participation
nf
participation; (financière) contribution; (d'un artiste) appearance.

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participer
vi
~ à take part in, participate in; (profits, frais) share.

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particule
nf
particle.

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particulier
-ière a
(spécifique) particular; (bizarre) unusual; (privé) private; rien de ~ nothing special. nm private individual; en ~ in particular, particularly.

particulièrement adv particularly.

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partie
nf
part; (cartes, Sport) game; (Jur) party; une ~ de pêche a fishing trip; en ~ partly, in part; en grande ~ largely; faire ~ de be part of; (adhérer à) be a member of; faire ~ intégrante de be an integral part of.

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partiel
~le a
partial. nm (Univ) exam based on a module.

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partir
vi
(aux être) go; (quitter un lieu) leave, go; (tache) come out; (bouton) come off; (coup de feu) go off; (commencer) start; ~ pour le Brésil leave for Brazil; ~ du principe que work on the assumption that; à ~de from; à ~ de maintenant from now on.

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partisan
~e nm, f
supporter. nm (Mil) partisan; être ~ de be in favour of.

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partition
nf
(Mus) score.

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partout
adv
everywhere; ~ où wherever.

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paru
PARAÎTRE .

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parure
nf
finery; (bijoux) set of jewels; (de draps) set.

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parution
nf
publication.

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parvenir
vi
(aux être) ~ à reach; ~ à faire manage to do; faire ~ send.

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parvenu
~e nm, f
upstart.

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pas
Pour les expressions comme pas encore, pas mal, etc. encore, mal etc.
adverbe not; ne ~ not; je ne sais ~ I don't know; je ne pense ~ I don't think so; il a aimé, moi ~ he liked it, I didn't; ~ cher/poli cheap/impolite.
~ du tout not at all; ~ de chance! tough luck!
on a bien ri, ~ vrai? ! we had a good laugh, didn't we?

In spoken colloquial French ne... pas is often shortened to pas . You will often hear j'ai pas compris instead of je n'ai pas compris (I didn't understand) . Note that this would not be correct in written French.

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pas2
nm
step; (bruit) footstep; (trace) footprint; (vitesse) pace; àdeux ~ (de) a step away (from) marcher au ~ march; rouler au ~ move very slowly; à ~ de loup stealthily; faire les cent ~ walk up and down; faire le premier ~ make the first move; ~ de porte doorstep; ~ de vis (Tech) thread.

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passage
nm
(traversée) crossing; (visite) visit; (chemin) way, passage; (d'une œuvre) passage; de ~ (voyageur) visiting; (amant) casual; la tempête a tout emporté sur son ~ the storm swept everything away; ~ clouté pedestrian crossing; ~ interdit (panneau) no thoroughfare; ~ à niveau level crossing; ~ souterrain subway.

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passager
-ère a
temporary. nm, f passenger; ~ clandestin stowaway.

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passant
~e a
(rue) busy. nm, f passer-by. nm (anneau) loop.

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passe
nf
pass; bonne / mauvaise ~ good/bad patch; en ~ de on the road to.

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passé
~e a
(révolu) past; (dernier) last; (fané) faded; ~ de mode out of fashion. nm past. prép after.

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passe-partout
nm inv
master-key. a inv for all occasions.

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passeport
nm
passport.

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passer
vi
(aux être ou avoir) go past, pass; (aller) go; (venir) come; (temps, douleur) pass; (film) be on; (couleur) fade; laisser ~ let through; (occasion) miss; ~ devant (à pied) walk past; (en voiture) drive past; ~ par go through; où est-il passé? where did he get to?; ~ outre take no notice; passons! let's forget about it!; passons aux choses sérieuses let's turn to serious matters; ~ dans la classe supérieure go up a year; ~ pour un idiot look a fool. vt (aux avoir) (franchir) pass, cross; (donner) pass, hand; (temps) spend; (enfiler) slip on; (vidéo, disque) put on; (examen) take, sit; (commande) place; (faire) ~ le temps while away the time; ~ l'aspirateur hoover; ~ un coup de fil à qn give sb a ring; je vous passe Mme X (par le standard) I'll put you through to Mrs X; (en donnant l'appareil) I'll pass you over to Mrs X; ~ qch en fraude smuggle sth.

se ~ vpr happen, take place; (s'écouler) go by; se ~ de go ou do without.

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passerelle
nf
footbridge; (de navire) gangway; (d'avion) (passenger) footbridge; (Internet) gateway.

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passe-temps
nm inv
pastime.

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passif
-ive a
passive. nm (Comm) liabilities.

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passion
nf
passion.

passionnant, ~e a fascinating.

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passionné
~e a
passionate; être ~ de have a passion for.

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passionner
vt
fascinate.

se ~ pour vpr have a passion for.

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passoire
nf
(à thé) strainer; (à légumes) colander.

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pastèque
nf
watermelon.

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pasteur
nm
(Relig) minister.

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pastille
nf
(médicament) pastille, lozenge.

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patate
nf
fam spud; ~ (douce) sweet potato.

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patauger
vi
splash about.

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pâte
nf
paste; (à gâteau) dough; (à tarte) pastry; (à frire) batter; ~s (alimentaires ) pasta (+sg; ) ~ à modeler Plasticine® ~ d'amandes marzipan.

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pâté
nm
(Culin) pâté (d'encre) blot; (de sable) sandpie; ~ en croûte c pie; ~ de maisons block (of houses) .

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pâtée
nf
feed, mash.

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patente
nf
trade licence.

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paternel
~le a
paternal.

paternité nf paternity.

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pathétique
a
moving.

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patience
nf
patience.

patient, ~e a & nm, f patient.

patienter vi wait.

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patin
nm
skate; ~ à roulettes roller-skate.

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patinage
nm
skating.

patiner vi skate; (roue) spin.

patinoire nf ice rink.

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pâtisserie
nf
cake shop; (gâteau) pastry; (secteur) cake making.

pâtissier, -ière nm, f confectioner, pastry-cook.

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patrie
nf
homeland.

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patrimoine
nm
heritage.

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patriote
a
patriotic. nmf patriot.

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patron
~ne nm, f
employer, boss; (propriétaire) owner, boss; (saint) patron saint. nm (couture) pattern.

patronal, tilde;e (mpl -aux ) a employers'.

patronat nm employers (+pl ) .

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patrouille
nf
patrol.

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patte
nf
leg; (pied) foot; (de chat) paw; ~s (favoris) sideburns; marcher à quatre ~s walk on all fours; (bébé) crawl; ~s de derrière hind legs.

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paume
nf
(de main) palm.

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paumé
~e nm, f
fam misfit.

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paupière
nf
eyelid.

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pause
nf
pause; (halte) break.

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pauvre
a
poor. nmf poor man, poor woman.

pauvreté nf poverty.

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pavé
nm
cobblestone.

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pavillon
nm
(maison) house; (drapeau) flag.

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payant
~e a
(hôte) paying; c'est ~ you have to pay to get in.

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payer
vt/i
pay; (service, travail) pay for; ~ qch à qn buy sb sth; faire ~ qn charge sb; il me le paiera! he'll pay for this.

se ~ vpr se ~ qch buy oneself sth; se ~ la tête de make fun of.

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pays
nm
country; (région) region; du ~ local.

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paysage
nm
landscape.

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paysan
~ne nm, f
farmer, country person; (péj) peasant. a (agricole) farming; (rural) country.

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Pays-Bas
nmpl
les ~ the Netherlands.

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PCV
abrév m
(paiement contre vérification ) téléphoner en ~ reverse the charges.

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PDG
abrév m
(présidentdirecteur général ) chairman and managing director.

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péage
nm
toll; (lieu) tollgate.

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peau
(pl ~x ) nf
skin; (cuir) hide; ~ de chamois shammy (leather) ~de mouton sheepskin; être bien/mal dans sa ~ be/not be at ease with oneself.

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pêche
nf
(fruit) peach; (activité) fishing; (poissons) catch; ~ à la ligne angling.

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péché
nm
sin.

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pêcher
vt
(poisson) catch; (dénicherfam) dig up. vi fish.

pêcheur nm fisherman; (à la ligne) angler.

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pécuniaire
a
financial.

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pédagogie
nf
education.

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pédale
nf
pedal.

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pédalo
Ò nm
pedal boat.

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pédant
~e a
pedantic.

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pédestre
a
faire de la randonnée ~ go walking ou hiking.

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pédiatre
nmf
paediatrician.

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pédicure
nmf
chiropodist.

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peigne
nm
comb.

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peigner
vt
comb; (personne) comb the hair of.

se ~ vpr comb one's hair.

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peignoir
nm
dressinggown.

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peindre
vt
paint.

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peine
nf
sadness, sorrow; (effort, difficulté) trouble; (Jur) sentence; avoir de la ~ feel sad; faire de la ~ à hurt; ce n'est pas la ~ de sonner you don't need to ring the bell; j'ai de la ~ à le croire I find it hard to believe; se donner ouprendre la ~ de faire go to the trouble of doing; ~ de mort death penalty. adv à ~ hardly.

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peiner
vi
struggle. vt sadden.

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peintre
nm
painter; ~ en bâtiment house painter.

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peinture
nf
painting; (matière) paint; ~ à l'huile oil painting.

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péjoratif
-ive a
pejorative.

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pelage
nm
coat, fur.

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pêle-mêle
adv
in a jumble.

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peler
vt/i
peel.

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pèlerinage
nm
pilgrimage.

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pelle
nf
shovel; (d'enfant) spade.

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pellicule
nf
film; ~s (cheveux) dandruff.

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pelote
nf
(of wool) ball.

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peloton
nm
platoon; (Sport) pack; ~ d'exécution firing squad.

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pelotonner
(se ) vpr
curl up.

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pelouse
nf
lawn.

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peluche
nf
(matière) plush; (jouet) cuddly toy; en ~ (lapin, chien) fluffy.

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pénal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
penal.

pénaliser vt penalize.

pénalité nf penalty.

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penchant
nm
inclination; (goût) liking (pour for ) .

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pencher
vt
tilt; ~ pour favour. vi lean (over) , tilt.

se ~ vpr lean (forward) se ~ sur (problème) examine.

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pendaison
nf
hanging.

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pendant1
prép
(au cours de) during; (durée) for; ~ que while.

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pendant2
, ~e a
hanging; jambes ~es with one's legs dangling. nm (contrepartie) matching piece (de to ) ~ d'oreille drop ear-ring.

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pendentif
nm
pendant.

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penderie
nf
wardrobe.

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pendre
vt/i
hang.

se ~ vpr hang (à from ) (se tuer) hang oneself.

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pendule
nf
clock. nm pendulum.

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pénétrer
vi
~ (dans) enter; faire ~ une crème rub a cream in. vt penetrate.

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pénible
a
(travail) hard; (nouvelle) painful; (enfant) tiresome.

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péniche
nf
barge.

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pénitence
nf
(Relig) penance; (punition) punishment; faire ~ repent.

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pénitentiaire
a
(établissement) penal.

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pénombre
nf
half-light.

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pensée
nf
(idée) thought; (fleur) pansy.

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penser
vt/i
think; ~ à (réfléchir à) think about; (se souvenir de, prévoir) think of; ~ faire think of doing; faire ~ à remind one of.

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pensif
-ive a
pensive.

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pension
nf
(Scol) boarding school; (repas, somme) board; (allocation) pension; (~ de famille ) guest house; ~ alimentaire (Jur) alimony.

pensionnaire nmf (Scol) boarder; (d'hôtel) guest.

pensionnat nm boarding school.

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pente
nf
slope; en ~ sloping.

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Pentecôte
nf
la ~ Whitsun.

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pénurie
nf
shortage.

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pépin
nm
(graine) pip; (ennuifam) hitch.

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pépinière
nf
(tree) nursery.

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perçant
~e a
(cri) shrill; (regard) piercing.

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perce-neige
nm or f inv
snowdrop.

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percepteur
nm
tax inspector.

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percer
vt
pierce; (avec perceuse) drill; (mystère) penetrate. vi break through; (dent) come through.

perceuse nf drill.

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percevoir
vt
perceive; (impôt) collect.

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perche
nf
(bâton) pole.

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percher
(se) vpr
perch.

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percolateur
nm
coffee machine.

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percuter
vt
(véhicule) crash into.

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perdant
~e a
losing. nm, f loser.

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perdre
vt/i
lose; (gaspiller) waste; ~ ses poils (chat) moult.

se ~ vpr get lost; (rester inutilisé) go to waste.

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perdrix
nf
partridge.

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perdu
~e a
lost; (endroit) isolated; (balle) stray; c'est du temps ~ it's a waste of time.

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père
nm
father; ~ de famille father, family man; ~ spirituel father figure; le ~ Noël Santa Claus.

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perfection
nf
perfection.

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perfectionner
vt
(technique) perfect; (art) refine.

se ~ vpr improve; se ~ en anglais improve one's English.

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perforer
vt
perforate; (billet, bande) punch.

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performance
nf
performance.

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perfusion
nf
drip; sous ~ on a drip.

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péridurale
nf
epidural.

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péril
nm
peril; à tes risques et ~s at your own risk.

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périlleux
-euse a
perilous.

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périmé
~e a
(produit) past its use-by date; (désuet) outdated.

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période
nf
period.

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périodique
a
periodic (al) . nm (journal) periodical.

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péripétie
nf
(unexpected) event, adventure.

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périphérique
a
peripheral. nm (boulevard) ~ ring road.

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périple
nm
journey.

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périr
vi
perish, die.

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perle
nf
(d'huître) pearl; (de verre) bead.

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permanence
nf
permanence; (Scol) study room; de ~ on duty; en ~ permanently; assurer une ~ keep the office open.

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permanent
~e a
permanent; (constant) constant; formation ~e continuous education.

permanente nf (coiffure) perm.

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permettre
vt
allow; ~ à qn de allow sb to.

se ~ vpr (achat) afford; se ~ de faire take the liberty of doing.

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permis
~e a
allowed. nm licence, permit; ~ (de conduire) driving licence.

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permission
nf
permission; en ~ (Mil) on leave.

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Pérou
nm
Peru.

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perpendiculaire
a & nf
perpendicular.

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perpétuité
nf
à ~ for life.

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perplexe
a
perplexed.

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perquisition
nf
(police) search.

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perron
nm
(front) steps.

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perroquet
nm
parrot.

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perruche
nf
budgerigar.

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perruque
nf
wig.

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persécuter
vt
persecute.

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persévérance
nf
perseverance.

persévérer vi persevere.

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persienne
nf
(outside) shutter.

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persil
nm
parsley.

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persistance
nf
persistence.

persistant, ~e a persistent; (feuillage) evergreen.

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persister
vi
persist (à faire in doing ) .

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personnage
nm
character; (personne célèbre) personality.

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personnalité
nf
personality.

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personne
nf
person; ~s people. pron nobody, no-one; je n'ai vu ~ I didn't see anybody.

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personnel
~le a
personal; (égoïste) selfish. nm staff.

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perspective
nf
(art, point de vue) perspective; (vue) view; (éventualité) prospect.

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perspicace
a
shrewd.

perspicacité nf shrewdness.

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persuader
vt
persuade (de faire to do ) .

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persuasif
-ive a
persuasive.

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perte
nf
loss; (ruine) ruin; à ~ de vue as far as the eye can see; ~ de (temps, argent) waste of; ~ sèche total loss; ~s (Méd) discharge.

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pertinent
~e a
pertinent.

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perturbateur
-trice nm, f
disruptive element.

perturbation nf disruption.

perturber vt disrupt; (personne) perturb.

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pervers
~e a
(dépravé) perverted; (méchant) wicked.

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pervertir
vt
pervert.

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pesant
~e a
heavy.

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pesanteur
nf
heaviness; la ~ (force) gravity.

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pesée
nf
weighing; (effort) pressure.

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pèse-personne
(pl ~s ) nm
(bathroom) scales.

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peser
vt/i
weigh; ~ sur bear upon.

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pessimiste
a
pessimistic. nmf pessimist.

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peste
nf
plague; (personnefam) pest.

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pet
nm
fam fart fam.

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pétale
nm
petal.

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pétard
nm
banger.

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péter
vi
fam fart fam, go bang; (casser) snap.

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pétillant
~e a
(boisson) sparkling; (personne) bubbly.

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pétiller
vi
(feu) crackle; (champagne, yeux) sparkle; ~ d'intelligence sparkle with intelligence.

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petit
~e a
small; (avec nuance affective) little; (jeune) young, small; (défaut) minor; (mesquin) petty; en ~ in miniature; ~ à ~ little by little; un ~ peu a little bit; ~ ami boyfriend; ~e amie girlfriend; ~es annonces small ads; ~e cuillère teaspoon; ~ déjeuner breakfast; ~ pois garden pea. nm, f little child; (Scol) junior; ~s (de chat) kittens; (de chien) pups.

petite-fille (pl petites-filles ) nf granddaughter.

petit-fils (pl petits-fils ) nm grandson.

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pétition
nf
petition.

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petits-enfants
nmpl
grandchildren.

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pétrin
nm
dans le ~ fam in a fix fam.

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pétrir
vt
knead.

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pétrole
nm
oil; ~ brut crude oil.

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pétrolier
-ière a
oil. nm (navire) oil-tanker.

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peu
adv
(~ de ) (quantité) little, not much; (nombre) few, not many; ~ intéressant not very interesting; il mange ~ he doesn't eat very much. pron few. nm little; un ~ (de) a little; à ~ près more or less; de ~ only just; ~ à ~ gradually; ~ après/avant shortly after/before; ~ de chose not much; ~ nombreux few; ~ souvent seldom; pour ~ que if.

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peuple
nm
people.

peupler vt populate.

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peuplier
nm
poplar.

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peur
nf
fear; avoir ~ be afraid (de of ) de ~ de for fear of; faire ~ à frighten.

peureux, -euse a fearful.

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peut
fPOUVOIR .

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peut-être
adv
perhaps, maybe; ~ qu'il viendra he might come.

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peux
fPOUVOIR .

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phare
nm
(tour) lighthouse; (de véhicule) headlight; ~ antibrouillard fog lamp.

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pharmacie
nf
(magasin) chemist's (shop) , pharmacy; (science) pharmacy; (armoire) medicine cabinet.

pharmacien, ~ne nm, f chemist, pharmacist.

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phénomène
nm
phenomenon; (personnefam) eccentric.

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philosophe
nmf
philosopher. a philosophical.

philosophie nf philosophy.

philosophique a philosophical.

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phobie
nf
phobia.

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phonétique
a
phonetic. nf phonetics.

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phoque
nm
(animal) seal.

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photo
nf
photo; (art) photography; prendre en ~ take a photo of; ~ d'identité passport photograph.

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photocopie
nf
photocopy.

photocopier vt photocopy.

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photographe
nmf
photographer.

photographie nf photograph; (art) photography.

photographier vt take a photo of.

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phrase
nf
sentence.

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physicien
~ne nm, f
physicist.

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physique
a
physical. nm physique; au ~ physically. nf physics (+sg. )

piano nm piano.

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pianoter
vi
tinkle; ~ sur (ordinateur) tap at.

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PIB
abrév m
(produit intérieur brut ) GDP.

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pic
nm
(outil) pickaxe; (sommet) peak; (oiseau) woodpecker; à ~ (falaise) sheer; (couler) straight to the bottom; tomber à ~ fam come just at the right time.

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pichet
nm
jug.

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picorer
vt/i
peck.

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picotement
nm
tingling.

picoter vt sting; (yeux) sting.

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pie
nf
magpie.

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pièce
nf
(d'habitation) room; (de monnaie) coin; (Théât) play; (pour raccommoder) patch; (écrit) document; (morceau) piece; (~ de théâtre ) play; dix francs (la ~ ) ten francs each; ~ détachée part; ~ d'identité identity paper; ~s jointes enclosures; (courrier électronique) attachments; ~s justificatives written proof; ~ montée tiered cake; ~ de rechange spare part; un deux- ~s a tworoom flat.

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pied
nm
foot; (de meuble) leg; (de lampe) base; (de verre) stem; (d'appareil photo) stand; être ~s nus be bare-foot; à ~ on foot; au ~ de la lettre literally; avoir ~ be able to touch the bottom; jouer au tennis comme un ~ fam be hopeless at tennis; mettre sur ~ set up; sur un ~ d'égalité on an equal footing; mettre les ~s dans le plat fam put one's foot in it; c'est le ~ fam it's great.

pied-bot (pl piedsbots ) nm club-foot.

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piédestal
nm
pedestal.

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piège
nm
trap.

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piéger
vt
trap; lettre/voiture piégée letter/car bomb.

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pierre
nf
stone; ~ précieuse precious stone; ~ tombale tombstone.

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piétiner
vi
(avancer lentement) shuffle along; (fig) make no headway; ~ d'impatience hop up and down with impatience. vt trample (on) .

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piéton
nm
pedestrian.

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pieu
(pl ~x ) nm
post, stake.

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pieuvre
nf
octopus.

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pieux
-ieuse a
pious.

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pigeon
nm
pigeon.

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piger
vt/i
famunderstand, get (it) .

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pile
nf
(tas) pile; (Électr) battery; ~ ou face? heads or tails? adv (s'arrêterfam) dead; à dix heures ~ fam at ten on the dot.

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pilier
nm
pillar.

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pillage
nm
looting.

pillard, ~e nm, f looter.

piller vt loot.

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pilote
nm
(Aviat, Naut) pilot; (Auto) driver. a pilot.

piloter vt (Aviat, Naut) pilot; (Auto) drive; (fig) guide.

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pilule
nf
pill; la ~ the pill.

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piment
nm
hot pepper; (fig) spice.

pimenté, ~e a spicy.

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pin
nm
pine.

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pinard
nm
fam plonk fam, cheap wine.

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pince
nf
(outil) pliers (+pl ) (levier) crowbar; (de crabe) pincer; (à sucre) tongs (+pl ) ~ àépiler tweezers (+pl ) ~ à linge clothes peg.

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pinceau
(pl ~x ) nm
paintbrush.

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pincée
nf
pinch (de of ) .

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pincer
vt
pinch; (attraperfam) catch.

se ~ vpr catch oneself; se ~ le doigt catch one's finger.

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pince-sans-rire
nmf inv
c'est un ~ he has a deadpan sense of humour.

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pingouin
nm
penguin.

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pingre
a
stingy.

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pintade
nf
guinea fowl.

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piocher
vt/i
dig; (étudierfam) study hard, slog away (at) .

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pion
nm
(de jeu) counter; (aux échecs) pawn; (Scolfam) supervisor.

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pipe
nf
pipe; fumer la ~ smoke a pipe.

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piquant
~e a
(barbe) prickly; (goût) pungent; (remarque) cutting. nm prickle.

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pique
nm
(aux cartes) spades.

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pique-nique
(pl ~s ) nm
picnic.

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piquer
vt
(épine) prick; (épice) burn, sting; (abeille, ortie) sting; (serpent, moustique) bite; (enfoncer) stick; (coudre) (machine-) stitch; (curiosité) excite; (volerfam) pinch. vi (avion) dive; (goût) be hot.

se ~ vpr prick oneself.

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piquet
nm
stake; (de tente) peg; (de parasol) pole; ~ de grève (strike) picket.

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piqûre
nf
prick; (d'abeille) sting; (de serpent) bite; (point) stitch; (Méd) injection, jab; faire une ~ à qn give sb an injection.

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pirate
nm
pirate; ~ informatique computer hacker; ~ de l'air hijacker.

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pire
a
worse (que than ) les ~s mensonges the most wicked lies. nm le ~ the worst; au ~ at worst.

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pis
nm
(de vache) udder. a inv & adv worse; aller de mal en ~ go from bad to worse.

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piscine
nf
swimmingpool; ~ couverte indoor swimming-pool.

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pissenlit
nm
dandelion.

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pistache
nf
pistachio.

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piste
nf
track; (de personne, d'animal) track, trail; (Aviat) runway; (de cirque) ring; (de ski) slope; (de danse) floor; (Sport) racetrack; ~ cyclable cycle lane.

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pistolet
nm
gun, pistol; (de peintre) spray-gun.

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piteux
-euse a
pitiful.

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pitié
nf
pity; il me fait ~ I feel sorry for him.

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piton
nm
(à crochet) hook; (sommet pointu) peak.

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pitoyable
a
pitiful.

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pitre
nm
clown; faire le ~ clown around.

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pittoresque
a
picturesque.

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pivot
nm
pivot.

pivoter vi revolve; (personne) swing round.

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placard
nm
cupboard; (affiche) poster.

placarder vt (affiche) post up; (mur) cover with posters.

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place
nf
place; (espace libre) room, space; (siège) seat, place; (prix d'un trajet) fare; (esplanade) square; (emploi) position; (de parking) space; à la ~ de instead of; en ~, à sa ~ in its place; faire ~ à give way to; sur ~ on the spot; remettre qn à sa ~ put sb in his place; ça prend de la ~ it takes up a lot of room; se mettre à la ~ de qn put oneself in sb's shoes ou place.

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placement
nm
(d'argent) investment.

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placer
vt
place; (invité, spectateur) seat; (argent) invest.

se ~ vpr (personne) take up a position.

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plafond
nm
ceiling.

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plage
nf
beach; ~ horaire time slot.

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plagiat
nm
plagiarism.

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plaider
vt/i
plead.

plaidoirie nf (defence) speech.

plaidoyer nm plea.

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plaie
nf
wound; (personnefam) nuisance.

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plaignant
~e nm, f
plaintiff.

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plaindre
vt
pity.

se ~ vpr complain (de about ) se ~ de (souffrir de) complain of.

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plaine
nf
plain.

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plainte
nf
complaint; (gémissement) groan.

plaintif, -ive a plaintive.

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plaire
vi
~ à please; ça lui plaît he likes it; elle lui plaît he likes her; ça me plaît de faire I like ou enjoy doing; s'il vous plaît please.

se ~ vpr il se plaît ici he likes it here.

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plaisance
nf
la (navigation de ~ ) boating.

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plaisant
~e a
pleasant; (drôle) amusing.

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plaisanter
vi
joke.

plaisanterie nf joke.

plaisantin nm joker.

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plaisir
nm
pleasure; faire ~ à please; pour le ~ for fun ou pleasure.

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plan
nm
plan; (de ville) map; (de livre) outline; ~ d'eau artificial lake; premier ~ foreground.

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planche
nf
board, plank; (gravure) plate; ~ à repasser ironing-board; ~ à voile windsurfing board; (Sport) windsurfing.

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plancher
nm
floor.

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planer
vi
glide; ~ sur (mystère, danger) hang over.

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planète
nf
planet.

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planeur
nm
(avion) glider.

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planifier
vt
plan.

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plant
nm
seedling; (de légumes) patch.

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plante
nf
plant; ~ d'appartement houseplant; ~ des pieds sole (of the foot) .

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planter
vt
(plante) plant; (enfoncer) drive in; (tente) put up; rester planté fam stand still, remain standing.

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plaque
nf
plate; (de marbre) slab; (insigne) badge; ~ chauffante hotplate; ~ commémorative plaque; ~ minéralogique numberplate; ~ de verglas patch of ice.

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plaquer
vt
(bois) veneer; (aplatir) flatten; (rugby) tackle; (abandonnerfam) ditch fam tout ~ chuck it all.

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plastique
a & nm
plastic; en ~ plastic.

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plastiquer
vt
blow up.

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plat
~e a
flat. nm (Culin) dish; (partie de repas) course; (de la main) flat. à plat adv (poser) flat; (batterie, pneu) flat; à ~ ventre flat on one's face.

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platane
nm
plane tree.

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plateau
(pl ~x ) nm
tray; (de cinéma) set; (de balance) pan; (Géog) plateau; ~ de fromages cheeseboard; ~ de fruits de mer seafood platter.

plate-bande (pl plates-bandes ) nf flower-bed.

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platine
nm
platinum. nf (tourne-disque) turntable; ~ laser compact disc player.

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plâtre
nm
plaster; (Méd) (plaster) cast.

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plein
~e a
full (de of ) (total) complete. nm faire le ~ (d'essence ) fill up (the tank) à ~ fully; à ~ temps full-time; en ~ air in the open air; en ~ milieu / visage right in the middle/the face; en ~e nuit in the middle of the night. adv avoir des idées ~ la tête be full of ideas.

pleinement adv fully.

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pleurer
vi
cry, weep (sur over ) (yeux) water. vt mourn.

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pleurnicher
vi
fam snivel.

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pleurs
nmpl
tears; en ~ in tears.

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pleuvoir
vi
rain; (fig) rain ou shower down; il pleut it is raining; il pleut à verse oudes cordes it is pouring.

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pli
nm
fold; (de jupe) pleat; (de pantalon) crease; (lettre) letter; (habitude) habit; (faux ~ ) crease.

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pliant
~e a
folding. nm folding stool, camp-stool.

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plier
vt
fold; (courber) bend; (soumettre) submit (à to ) . vi bend.

se ~ vpr fold; se ~ à submit to.

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plinthe
nf
skirting-board.

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plissé
~e a
(jupe) pleated.

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plisser
vt
crease; (yeux) screw up.

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plomb
nm
lead; (fusible) fuse; ~s (de chasse) lead shot; de ouen ~ lead.

plombage nm filling.

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plomberie
nf
plumbing.

plombier nm plumber.

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plongée
nf
diving; en ~ (sous-marin) submerged.

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plongeoir
nm
divingboard.

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plonger
vi
dive; (route) plunge. vt plunge.

se ~ vpr plunge into; se ~ dans (fig) (lecture) bury oneself in.

plongeur, -euse nm, f diver; (de restaurant) dishwasher.

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plu
PLAIRE , PLEUVOIR .

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pluie
nf
rain; (averse) shower; ~ battante/diluvienne driving/torrential rain.

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plume
nf
feather; (pointe) nib.

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plumeau
(pl ~x ) nm
feather duster.

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plumier
nm
pencil box.

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plupart:
la ~ loc
la ~ des (gens, cas) most; la ~ du temps most of the time; pour la ~ for the most part.

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pluriel
~le a & nm
plural.

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plus
adverbe de comparaison
more (que than ) ~ âgé/tard older/later; ~ beau more beautiful; ~ j'y pense... the more I think about it...; deux fois ~ twice as much; deux fois ~ cher twice as expensive.
le ~ the most; le ~ grand the biggest; (de deux) the bigger.
~ de (pain) more; (dix jours) more than; il est ~ de 8 heures it is after 8 o'clock.
de ~ more (que than ) (en outre) moreover; les enfants de ~ de 10 ans children over 10 years old; de ~ en ~ more and more.
en ~ on top of that; c'est en ~ it's extra; en ~ de in addition to.
~ ou moins more or less.
au ~ tard at the latest. adverbe de négation
ne ~ (temps) no longer, not any more; je n'y vais ~ I don't go there any longer ou any more.
ne ~ de (quantité) no more; il n'y a ~ de pain there is no more bread.
~ que deux jours! only two days left! préposition & nom masculin
(maths) plus.

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plusieurs
a & pron
several.

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plus-value
(pl ~s ) nf
(bénéfice) profit.

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plutôt
adv
rather (que than ) .

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pluvieux
-ieuse a
rainy.

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PME
abrév f
(petites et moyennes entreprises ) SME.

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PNB
abrév m
(produit national brut ) GNP.

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pneu
(pl ~s ) nm
tyre.

pneumatique a inflatable.

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poche
nf
pocket; (sac) bag; ~s (sous les yeux) bags.

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pocher
vt
(œuf) poach.

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pochette
nf
(de documents) folder; (sac) bag, pouch; (d'allumettes) book; (de disque) sleeve; (mouchoir) pocket handkerchief.

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poêle
nf
(~ à frire ) frying-pan. nm stove.

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poème
nm
poem.

poésie nf poetry; (poème) poem.

poète nm poet.

poétique a poetic.

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poids
nm
weight; ~ coq/lourd/plume bantam weight/heavyweight/featherweight; ~ lourd (camion) lorry, juggernaut; (US) truck.

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poignard
nm
dagger.

poignarder vt stab.

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poigne
nf
avoir de la ~ have a strong grip.

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poignée
nf
(de porte) handle; (quantité) handful; ~ de main handshake.

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poignet
nm
wrist; (de chemise) cuff.

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poil
nm
hair; (pelage) fur; (de brosse) bristle; ~s (de tapis) pile; à ~ fam naked; ~ à gratter itching powder.

poilu, ~e a hairy.

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poinçon
nm
awl; (marque) hallmark.

poinçonner vt (billet) punch.

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poing
nm
fist.

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point
nm
(endroit, Sport) point; (marque visible) spot, dot; (de couture) stitch; (pour évaluer) mark; enlever un ~ par faute take a mark off for each mistake; à ~ (Culin) medium; (arriver) at the right time; faire le ~ take stock; mettre au ~ (photo) focus; (technique) develop; mettre les choses au ~ get things clear; Camille n'est pas encore au ~ pour ses examens Camille is not ready for her exams; sur le ~ de about to; au ~ que to the extent that; (~ final ) full stop, period; deux ~s colon; ~ d'interrogation/d'exclamation question/exclamation mark; ~s de suspension suspension points; ~ virgule semicolon; ~ culminant peak; ~ du jour daybreak; ~ mort (Auto) neutral; ~ de repère landmark; ~ de suture (Méd) stitch; ~ de vente point of sale; ~ de vue point of view. adv (ne) ~ not.

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pointe
nf
point, tip; (clou) tack; (de grille) spike; (fig) touch (de of ) de ~ (industrie) high-tech; en ~ pointed; heure de ~ peak hour; sur la ~ des pieds on tiptoe.

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pointer
vt
(cocher) tick off; (diriger) point, aim. vi (employé) (en arrivant) clock in; (en sortant) clock out.

se ~ vpr fam turn up.

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pointillé
nm
dotted line.

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pointilleux
-euse a
fastidious, particular.

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pointu
~e a
pointed; (aiguisé) sharp.

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pointure
nf
size.

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poire
nf
pear.

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poireau
(pl ~x ) nm
leek.

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poirier
nm
pear tree.

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pois
nm
pea; (motif) dot; robe à ~ polka dot dress.

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poison
nm
poison.

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poisseux
-euse a
sticky.

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poisson
nm
fish; ~ rouge goldfish; ~ d'avril April fool; les P~s Pisces.

poissonnerie nf fish shop.

poissonnier, -ière nm, f fishmonger.

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poitrine
nf
chest; (seins) bosom.

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poivre
nm
pepper.

poivré, ~e a peppery.

poivrière nf pepper-pot.

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poivron
nm
sweet pepper.

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polaire
a
polar. nf (veste) fleece.

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pôle
nm
pole.

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polémique
nf
debate. a controversial.

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poli
~e a
(personne) polite.

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police
nf
(force) police (+pl ) (discipline) (law and) order; (d'assurance) policy.

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policier
-ière a
police; (roman) detective. nm policeman.

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polir
vt
polish.

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politesse
nf
politeness; (parole) polite remark.

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politicien
~ne nm, f
(péj) politician.

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politique
a
political; homme ~ politician. nf politics; (ligne de conduite) policy.

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pollen
nm
pollen.

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polluant
~e a
polluting. nm pollutant.

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polluer
vt
pollute.

pollution nf pollution.

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polo
nm
(Sport) polo; (vêtement) polo shirt.

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Pologne
nf
Poland.

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polonais
~e a
Polish. nm (Ling) Polish.

P~, ~e nm, f Pole.

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poltron
~ne a
cowardly. nm, f coward.

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polygame
nmf
polygamist.

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polyvalent
~e a
varied; (personne) versatile.

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pommade
nf
ointment.

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pomme
nf
apple; (d'arrosoir) rose; ~ d'Adam Adam's apple; ~ de pin pine cone; ~ de terre potato; ~s frites chips; (US) French fries; tomber dans les ~s fam pass out.

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pommette
nf
cheekbone.

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pommier
nm
apple tree.

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pompe
nf
pump; (splendeur) pomp; ~ à incendie fire-engine; ~s funèbres undertaker's (+sg ) .

pomper vt pump; (copierfam) copy, crib; ~ l'air à qn fam get on sb's nerves.

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pompier
nm
fireman.

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pomponnerse
vpr
get dolled up.

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poncer
vt
sand.

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ponctuation
nf
punctuation.

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ponctuel
~le a
punctual.

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pondre
vt/i
lay.

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poney
nm
pony.

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pont
nm
bridge; (de navire) deck; (de graissage) ramp; faire le ~ get an extended weekend; ~ aérien airlift.

pont-levis (pl ponts-levis ) nm drawbridge.

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populaire
a
popular; (expression) colloquial; (quartier, origine) working-class.

popularité nf popularity.

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population
nf
population.

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porc
nm
pig; (viande) pork.

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porcelaine
nf
china, porcelain.

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porc-épic
(pl porcs-épics ) nm
porcupine.

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porcherie
nf
pigsty.

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pornographie
nf
pornography.

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port
nm
port, harbour; à bon ~ safely; ~ maritime seaport; (transport) carriage; (d'armes) carrying; (de barbe) wearing.

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portable
nm
(Ordinat) laptop (computer) ; (telephone) mobile (phone) .

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portail
nm
gate.

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portatif
-ive a
portable.

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porte
nf
door; (passage) doorway; (de jardin, d'embarquement) gate; mettre à la ~ throw out; ~ d'entrée front door.

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porté
~e a
~ à inclined to; ~ sur keen on.

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porte-avions
nm inv
aircraft carrier.

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porte-bagages
nm inv
(de vélo) carrier.

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porte-bonheur
nm inv
lucky charm.

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porte-clefs
nm inv
key ring.

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porte-documents
nm inv
briefcase.

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portée
nf
(d'une arme) range; (de voûte) span; (d'animaux) litter; (impact) significance; (Mus) stave; à~ de (la) main within (arm's) reach; hors de (~ de) out of reach (of) à la ~ de qn at sb's level.

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porte-fenêtre
(pl portesfenêtres ) nf
French window.

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portefeuille
nm
wallet; (de ministre) portfolio.

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porte-jarretelles
nm inv
suspender belt.

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portemanteau
(pl ~x ) nm
coat ou hat stand.

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porte-monnaie
nm inv
purse.

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porte-parole
nm inv
spokesperson.

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porter
vt
carry; (vêtement, bague) wear; (fruits, responsabilité, nom) bear; (coup) strike; (amener) bring; (inscrire) enter. vi (bruit) carry; (coup) hit home; ~ sur rest on; (concerner) be about.

se ~ vpr bien se ~ be ou feel well; se ~ candidat stand as a candidate.

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porteur
-euse nm, f
(de nouvelles) bearer; (Méd) carrier. nm (Rail) porter.

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portier
nm
doorman.

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portière
nf
door.

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porto
nm
port (wine) .

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portrait
nm
portrait.

portrait-robot (pl portraits-robots ) nm identikit®, photofit®.

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portuaire
a
port.

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portugais
~e a
Portuguese. nm (Ling) Portuguese.

P~, ~e nm, f Portuguese.

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Portugal
nm
Portugal.

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pose
nf
installation; (attitude) pose; (Photo) exposure.

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posé
~e a
calm, serious.

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poser
vt
put (down) (installer) install, put in; (fondations) lay; (question) ask; (problème) pose; ~ sa candidature apply (à for ) . vi (modèle) pose.

se ~ vpr (avion, oiseau) land; (regard) fall; (se présenter) arise.

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positif
-ive a
positive.

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position
nf
position; prendre ~ take a stand.

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posologie
nf
dosage.

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posséder
vt
(propriété) own, possess; (diplôme) have.

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possessif
-ive a
possessive.

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possession
nf
possession; prendre ~ de take possession of.

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possibilité
nf
possibility.

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possible
a
possible; dès que ~ as soon as possible; le plus tard ~ as late as possible. nm le ~ what is possible; faire son ~ do one's utmost.

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postal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
postal.

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poste
nf
(service) post; (bureau) post office; ~ aérienne airmail; mettre à la ~ post; ~ restante poste restante. nm (lieu, emploi) post; (de radio, télévision) set; (téléphone) extension (number) ~ d'essence petrol station; ~ d'incendie fire point; ~ de pilotage cockpit; ~ de police police station; ~ de secours first-aid post.

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poster1
vt
(lettre, personne) post.

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poster2
nm
poster.

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postérieur
~e a
later; (partie) back; ~ à after. nm fam posterior.

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posthume
a
posthumous.

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postiche
a
false.

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postier
-ière nm, f
postal worker.

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post-scriptum
nm inv
postscript.

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postuler
vt/i
apply (à for ) (principe) postulate.

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pot
nm
pot; (en plastique) carton; (en verre) jar; (chancefam) luck; (boissonfam) drink; ~ catalytique catalytic converter; ~ d'échappement exhaust pipe.

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potable
a
eau ~ drinking water.

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potage
nm
soup.

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potager
-ère a
vegetable. nm vegetable garden.

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pot-au-feu
nm inv
(plat) stew.

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pot-de-vin
(pl pots-de-vin ) nm
bribe.

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poteau
(pl ~x ) nm
post; (télégraphique) pole; ~ indicateur signpost.

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potelé
~e a
plump.

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potentiel
~le a & nm
potential.

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poterie
nf
pottery; (objet) piece of pottery.

potier nm potter.

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potins
nmpl
gossip (+sg ) .

potiron nm pumpkin.

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pou
(pl ~x ) nm
louse.

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poubelle
nf
dustbin.

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pouce
nm
thumb; (de pied) big toe; (mesure) inch.

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poudre
nf
powder; (~ à canon ) gunpowder; en ~ (lait) powdered; (chocolat) drinking.

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poudrier
nm
(powder) compact.

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pouf
nm
pouffe.

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poulailler
nm
hen house.

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poulain
nm
foal; (protégé) protégé.

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poule
nf
hen; (Culin) fowl; (femme p) tart.

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poulet
nm
chicken.

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pouliche
nf
filly.

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poulie
nf
pulley.

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pouls
nm
pulse.

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poumon
nm
lung.

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poupe
nf
stern.

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poupée
nf
doll.

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pour
prép
for; (envers) to; (à la place de) on behalf of; (comme) as; ~ cela for that reason; ~ cent per cent; ~ de bon for good; ~ faire (in order) to do; ~ que so that; ~ moi (à mon avis) as for me; trop poli ~ too polite to; ~ ce qui est de as for; être ~ be in favour. nm inv le ~ et le contre the pros and cons.

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pourboire
nm
tip.

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pourcentage
nm
percentage.

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pourparlers
nmpl
talks.

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pourpre
a & nm
crimson; (violet) purple.

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pourquoi
conj & adv
why. nm inv le ~ et le comment the why and the wherefore.

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pourra
pourrait POUVOIR .

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pourri
~e a
rotten.

pourrir vt/i rot.

pourriture nf rot.

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poursuite
nf
pursuit (de of ) ~s (Jur) legal action (+sg ) .

poursuivre vt pursue; (continuer) continue (with) ~ (en justice) take to court; (droit civil) sue. vi continue.

se ~ vpr continue.

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pourtant
adv
yet.

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pourvoir
vi
~ à provide for; pourvu de supplied with.

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pourvu que
conj
(condition) provided (that) (souhait) let us hope (that) .

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pousse
nf
growth; (bourgeon) shoot.

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poussé
~e a
(études) advanced; (enquête) thorough.

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poussée
nf
pressure; (coup) push; (de prix) upsurge; (Méd) attack.

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pousser
vt
push; (cri) let out; (soupir) heave; (continuer) continue; (exhorter) urge (à to ) (forcer) drive (à to ) . vi push; (grandir) grow; faire ~ (cheveux) let grow; (plante) grow.

se ~ vpr move over ou up; pousse-toi! move over!

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poussette
nf
pushchair.

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poussière
nf
dust.

poussiéreux, -euse a dusty.

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poussin
nm
chick.

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poutre
nf
beam; (en métal) girder.

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pouvoir
v aux
(possibilité) can, be able; (permission, éventualité) may, can; il peut/pouvait/pourrait venir he can/could/might come; je n'ai pas pu I couldn't; j'ai pu faire (réussi à) I managed to do; je n'en peux plus I am exhausted; il se peut que it may be that. nm power; (gouvernement) government; au ~ in power; ~s publics authorities.

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prairie
nf
meadow.

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praticien
~ne nm, f
practitioner.

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pratiquant
~e a
practising. nm, f churchgoer.

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pratique
a
practical. nf practice; (expérience) experience; la ~ du golf/du cheval golfing/riding.

pratiquement adv (en pratique) in practice; (presque) practically.

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pratiquer
vt/i
practise; (Sport) play; (faire) make.

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pré
nm
meadow.

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préalable
a
preliminary, prior. nm precondition; au ~ first.

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préambule
nm
preamble.

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préavis
nm
notice.

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précaire
a
precarious.

précarité nf (d'emploi) insecurity.

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précaution
nf
(mesure) precaution; (prudence) caution.

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précédent
~e a
previous. nm precedent.

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précéder
vt/i
precede.

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précepteur
-trice nm, f
(private) tutor.

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prêcher
vt/i
preach.

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précieux
-ieuse a
precious.

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précipitamment
adv
hastily.

précipitation nf haste.

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précipiter
vt
throw, precipitate; (hâter) hasten.

se ~ vpr (se dépêcher) rush (sur at, on to ) (se jeter) throw oneself; (s'accélérer) speed up.

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précis
~e a
precise, specific; (mécanisme) accurate; dix heures ~es ten o'clock sharp. nm summary.

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préciser
vt
specify; précisez votre pensée could you be more specific.

se ~ vpr become clear (er) .

précision nf precision; (détail) detail.

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précoce
a
(enfant) precocious.

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préconiser
vt
advocate.

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précurseur
nm
forerunner.

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prédicateur
nm
preacher.

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prédilection
nf
preference.

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prédire
vt
predict.

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prédominer
vi
predominate.

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préface
nf
preface.

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préfecture
nf
prefecture; ~ de police police headquarters.

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préféré
~e a & nm, f
favourite.

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préférence
nf
preference; de ~ preferably.

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préférentiel
~le a
preferential.

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préférer
vt
prefer (à to ) ~ faire prefer to do; je ne préfère pas I'd rather not; j'aurais préféré ne pas savoir I wish I hadn't found out.

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préfet
nm
prefect; ~ de police prefect ou chief of police.

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préfixe
nm
prefix.

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préhistorique
a
prehistoric.

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préjudice
nm
harm, prejudice; porter ~ à harm.

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préjugé
nm
prejudice; être plein de ~s be very prejudiced.

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prélasser
(se ) vpr
loll (about) .

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prélèvement
nm
deduction; (de sang) sample.

prélever vt deduct (sur from ) (sang) take.

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préliminaire
a & nm
preliminary; ~s (sexuels) foreplay.

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prématuré
~e a
premature. nm premature baby.

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premier
-ière a
first; (rang) front, first; (enfance) early; (nécessité, souci) prime; (qualité) top, prime; de ~ ordre first-rate; ~ ministre Prime Minister. nm, f first (one) . nm (date) first; (étage) first floor; en ~ first.

première nf (Rail) first class; (exploit jamais vu) first; (cinéma, Théât) première; (Aut) (vitesse) first (gear) .

premièrement adv firstly.

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prémunir
vt
protect (contre against ) .

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prenant
~e a
(activité) engrossing; (enfant) demanding.

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prénatal
~e (mpl ~s ) a
antenatal.

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prendre
vt
take; (attraper) catch, get; (acheter) get; (repas) have; (engager, adopter) take on; (poids) put on; (chercher) pick up; qu'est-ce qui te prend? what's the matter with you? vi (liquide) set; (feu) catch; (vaccin) take.

se ~ vpr se ~ pour think one is; s'en ~ à attack; (rendre responsable) blame; s'y ~ set about (it) .

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preneur
-euse nm, f
buyer; être ~ be willing to buy; trouver ~ find a buyer.

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prénom
nm
first name.

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prénommer
vt
call.

se ~ vpr be called.

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préoccupation
nf
(souci) worry; (idée fixe) preoccupation.

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préoccuper
vt
worry; (absorber) preoccupy.

se ~ de vpr think about.

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préparation
nf
preparation.

préparatoire a preparatory.

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préparer
vt
prepare; (repas, café) make; plats préparés ready-cooked meals.

se ~ vpr prepare oneself (à for ) (s'apprêter) get ready; (être proche) be brewing.

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préposé
~e nm, f
employee; (des postes) postman, postwoman.

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préposition
nf
preposition.

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préretraite
nf
early retirement.

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près
adv
near, close; ~ de near (to) , close to; (presque) nearly; à cela ~ except that; de ~ closely.

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présage
nm
omen.

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presbyte
a
longsighted, far-sighted.

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prescrire
vt
prescribe.

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préséance
nf
precedence.

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présence
nf
presence; (Scol) attendance.

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présent
~e a
present. nm (temps, cadeau) present; à ~ now.

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présentateur
-trice nm, f
presenter.

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présentation
nf
(de personne) introduction; (exposé) presentation.

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présenter
vt
present; (personne) introduce (à to ) (montrer) show. vi ~ bien have a pleasing appearance.

se ~ vpr introduce oneself (à to ) (aller) go; (apparaître) appear; (candidat) come forward; (occasion) arise; se ~ à (examen) sit for; (élection) stand for; se ~ bien look good.

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préservatif
nm
condom.

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préserver
vt
protect.

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présidence
nf
(d'État) presidency; (de société) chairmanship.

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président
~e nm, f
president; (de société, comité) chairman, chairwoman; ~-directeur général managing director.

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présidentiel
~le a
presidential.

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présider
vt
preside.

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présomptueux
-euse a
presumptuous.

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presque
adv
almost, nearly; ~ jamais hardly ever; ~ rien hardly anything; ~ pas (de ) hardly any.

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presqu'île
nf
peninsula.

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pressant
~e a
pressing, urgent.

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presse
nf
(journaux, appareil) press.

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pressentiment
nm
premonition.

pressentir vt have a premonition of.

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pressé
~e a
in a hurry; (orange, citron) freshly squeezed.

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presser
vt
squeeze, press; (appuyer sur, harceler) press; (hâter) hasten; (inciter) urge (de to ) . vi (temps) press; (affaire) be pressing.

se ~ vpr (se hâter) hurry; (se grouper) crowd.

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pressing
nm
(teinturerie) dry-cleaner's.

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pression
nf
pressure; (bouton) press-stud.

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prestance
nf
(imposing) presence.

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prestation
nf
allowance; (d'artiste) performance.

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prestidigitation
nf
conjuring.

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prestige
nm
prestige.

prestigieux, -ieuse a prestigious.

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présumer
vt
presume; ~ que assume that; ~ de overrate.

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prêt
~e a
ready (à qch for sth, à faire to do ) . nm loan.

prêt-à-porter nm inv ready-towear clothes.

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prétendre
vt
claim (que that ) (vouloir) intend; on le prétend riche he is said to be very rich.

prétendu, ~e a so-called.

prétendument adv supposedly, allegedly.

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prétentieux
-ieuse a
pretentious.

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prêter
vt
lend (à to ) (attribuer) attribute; ~ son aide à qn give sb some help; ~ attention pay attention; ~ serment take an oath. vi ~ à lead to.

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prêteur
-euse nm, f
(money-) lender; ~ sur gages pawnbroker.

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prétexte
nm
pretext, excuse.

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prêtre
nm
priest.

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preuve
nf
proof; des ~s evidence (+sg ) faire ~ de show; faire ses ~s prove oneself.

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prévaloir
vi
prevail.

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prévenant
~e a
thoughtful.

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prévenir
vt
(menacer) warn; (informer) tell; (médecin) call; (éviter, anticiper) prevent.

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préventif
-ive a
preventive.

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prévention
nf
prevention; faire de la ~ take preventive action; ~ routière road safety.

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prévenu
~e nm, f
defendant.

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prévisible
a
predictable.

prévision nf prediction; (météorologique) forecast.

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prévoir
vt
foresee; (temps) forecast; (organiser) plan (for) , provide for; (envisager) allow (for) prévu pour (jouet) designed for; comme prévu as planned.

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prévoyance
nf
foresight.

prévoyant, ~e a farsighted.

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prier
vi
pray. vt pray to; (demander à) ask (de to ) je vous en prie please; (il n'y a pas de quoi) don't mention it.

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prière
nf
prayer; (demande) request; ~ de (vous êtes prié de) will you please.

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primaire
a
primary.

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prime
nf
free gift; (d'employé) bonus; (subvention) subsidy; (d'assurance) premium.

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primé
~e a
prizewinning.

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primeurs
nfpl
early fruit and vegetables.

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primevère
nf
primrose.

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primitif
-ive a
primitive; (d'origine) original. nm, f primitive.

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primordial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
essential.

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prince
nm
prince.

princesse nf princess.

princier, -ière a princely.

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principal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
main, principal. nm headmaster; (chose) main thing.

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principe
nm
principle; en ~ in theory; (d'habitude) as a rule.

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printanier
-ière a
spring (-like) .

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printemps
nm
spring.

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prioritaire
a
priority; être ~ have priority.

priorité nf priority; (Auto) right of way.

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pris
~e a
(place) taken; (personne, journée) busy; (nez) stuffed up; ~ de (peur, fièvre) stricken with; ~ de panique panic-stricken. PRENDRE .

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prise
nf
hold, grip; (animal attrapé) catch; (Mil) capture; (~ de courant ) (mâle) plug; (femelle) socket; ~ multiple multiplug adapter; avoir ~ sur qn have a hold over sb; aux ~s avec to grips with; ~ de conscience awareness; ~ de contact first contact, initial meeting; ~ de position stand; ~ de sang blood test.

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prisé
~e a
popular.

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prison
nf
prison, jail; (réclusion) imprisonment.

prisonnier, -ière nm, f prisoner.

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privation
nf
deprivation; (sacrifice) hardship.

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privatiser
vt
privatize.

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privé
a
private. nm (Comm) private sector; (Scol) private schools (+pl ) en ~ in private.

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priver
vt
~ de deprive of.

se ~ (de ) vpr go without.

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privilège
nm
privilege.

privilégié, ~e nm, f privileged person.

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prix
nm
price; (récompense) prize; à tout ~ at all costs; au ~ de (fig) at the expense of; ~ coûtant, ~ de revient cost price; à ~ fixe set price.

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probabilité
nf
probability.

probable a probable, likely.

probablement adv probably.

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probant
~e a
convincing, conclusive.

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problème
nm
problem.

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procédé
nm
process; (manière d'agir) practice.

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procéder
vi
proceed; ~ à carry out.

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procès
nm
(criminel) trial; (civil) lawsuit, proceedings (+pl ) .

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processus
nm
process.

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procès-verbal
(pl procèsverbaux ) nm
minutes (+pl ) (contravention) ticket.

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prochain
~e a
(suivant) next; (proche) imminent; (avenir) near. nm fellow man.

prochainement adv soon.

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proche
a
near, close; (avoisinant) neighbouring; (parent, ami) close; ~ de close ou near to; de ~ en ~ gradually; dans un ~ avenir in the near future; être ~ (imminent) be approaching. nm close relative; (ami) close friend.

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Proche-Orient
nm
Near East.

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proclamation
nf
declaration, proclamation.

proclamer vt declare, proclaim.

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procuration
nf
proxy.

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procurer
vt
bring (à to ) .

se ~ vpr obtain.

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procureur
nm
public prosecutor.

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prodige
nm
(fait) marvel; (personne) prodigy; enfant/musicien ~ child/musical prodigy.

prodigieux, -ieuse a tremendous, prodigious.

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prodigue
a
wasteful; fils ~ prodigal son.

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producteur
-trice a
producing. nm, f producer.

productif, -ive a productive.

production nf production; (produit) product.

productivité nf productivity.

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produire
vt
produce.
se ~ vpr (survenir) happen; (acteur) perform.

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produit
nm
product; ~s (de la terre) produce (+sg ) ~ chimique chemical; ~s alimentaires foodstuffs; ~ de consommation consumer goods; ~ intérieur brut gross domestic product; ~ national brut gross national product.

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proéminent
~e a
prominent.

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profane
a
secular. nmf lay person.

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proférer
vt
utter.

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professeur
nm
teacher; (Univ) lecturer; (avec chaire) professor.

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profession
nf
occupation; ~ libérale profession.

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professionnel
~le a
professional; (école) vocational. nm, f professional.

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profil
nm
profile.

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profit
nm
profit; au ~ de in aid of.

profitable a profitable.

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profiter
vi
~ à benefit; ~ de take advantage of.

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profond
~e a
deep; (sentiment, intérêt) profound; (causes) underlying; au plus ~ de in the depths of.

profondément adv deeply; (différent, triste) profoundly; (dormir) soundly.

profondeur nf depth.

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progéniture
nf
offspring.

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progiciel
nm
(Ordinat) package.

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programmation
nf
programming.

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programme
nm
programme; (Scol) (d'une matière) syllabus; (général) curriculum; (Ordinat) program.

programmer vt (ordinateur, appareil) program; (émission) schedule.

programmeur, -euse nm, f computer programmer.

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progrès
nm & nmpl
progress; faire des ~ make progress.

progresser vi progress.

progressif, -ive a progressive.

progression nf progression.

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prohibitif
-ive a
prohibitive.

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proie
nf
prey; en ~ à tormented by.

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projecteur
nm
floodlight; (Mil) searchlight; (cinéma) projector.

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projectile
nm
missile.

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projection
nf
projection; (séance) show.

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projet
nm
plan; (ébauche) draft; ~ de loi bill.

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projeter
vt
(prévoir) plan (de to ) (film) project, show; (jeter) hurl, project.

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prolétaire
nmf
proletarian.

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prologue
nm
prologue.

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prolongation
nf
extension; ~s (football) extra time.

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prolonger
vt
extend.

se ~ vpr go on.

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promenade
nf
walk; (à bicyclette, à cheval) ride; (en auto) drive, ride; faire une ~ go for a walk.

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promener
vt
take for a walk; ~ son regard sur cast an eye over.

se ~ vpr walk; (aller) se ~ go for a walk.

promeneur, -euse nm, f walker.

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promesse
nf
promise.

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prometteur
-euse a
promising.

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promettre
vt/i
promise. vi be promising.

se ~ de vpr resolve to.

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promoteur
nm
(immobilier) property developer.

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promotion
nf
promotion; (Univ) year; (Comm) special offer.

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prompt
~e a
swift.

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promu
~e a
être ~ be promoted.

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prôner
vt
extol.

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pronom
nm
pronoun.

pronominal, ~e (mpl -aux ) a pronominal.

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prononcé
~e a
strong.

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prononcer
vt
pronounce; (discours) make.

se ~ vpr (mot) be pronounced; (personne) make a decision (pour in favour of ) .

prononciation nf pronunciation.

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pronostic
nm
forecast; (Méd) prognosis.

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propagande
nf
propaganda.

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propager
vt
spread.

se ~ vpr spread.

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prophète
nm
prophet.

prophétie nf prophecy.

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propice
a
favourable.

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proportion
nf
proportion; (en mathématiques) ratio; toutes ~s gardées relatively speaking.

proportionné, ~e a proportionate (à to ) .

proportionnel, ~le a proportional.

proportionnellement adv proportionately.

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propos
nm
intention; (sujet) subject; à ~ at the right time; (dans un dialogue) by the way; à ~ de about; à tout ~ at every possible occasion. nmpl (paroles) remarks.

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proposer
vt
suggest, propose; (offrir) offer.

se ~ vpr volunteer (pour to ) .

proposition nf proposal; (affirmation) proposition; (Gram) clause.

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propre
a
(non sali) clean; (soigné) neat; (honnête) decent; (à soi) own; (sens) literal; ~ à (qui convient) suited to; (spécifique) particular to. nm mettre au ~ write out again neatly; c'est du ~! (ironique) well done!

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proprement
adv
(avec soin) neatly; (au sens strict) strictly; le bureau ~ dit the office itself.

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propreté
nf
cleanliness.

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propriétaire
nmf
owner; (Comm) proprietor; (qui loue) landlord, landlady.

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propriété
nf
property; (droit) ownership.

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propulser
vt
propel.

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proroger
vt
(contrat) defer; (passeport) extend.

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proscrire
vt
proscribe.

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proscrit
~e a
proscribed. nm, f (exilé) exile.

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prose
nf
prose.

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prospectus
nm
leaflet.

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prospère
a
flourishing, thriving.

prospérer vi thrive, prosper.

prospérité nf prosperity.

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prosternerse
vpr
prostrate oneself; prosterné devant prostrate before.

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prostituée
nf
prostitute.

prostitution nf prostitution.

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protecteur
-trice nm, f
protector. a protective.

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protection
nf
protection.

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protégé
~e nm, f
protégé.

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protéger
vt
protect.

se ~ vpr protect oneself.

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protéine
nf
protein.

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protestant
~e a & nm, f
Protestant.

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protestation
nf
protest.

protester vt/i protest.

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protocole
nm
protocol.

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protubérant
~e a
protruding.

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proue
nf
bow, prow.

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prouesse
nf
feat, exploit.

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prouver
vt
prove.

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provenance
nf
origin; en ~ de from.

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provençal
~e (mpl -aux ) a & nm, f
Provençal.

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provenir
vi
~ de come from.

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proverbe
nm
proverb.

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province
nf
province; de ~ provincial; la ~ the provinces (+pl ) .

provincial, ~e (mpl -iaux ) a & nm, f provincial.

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proviseur
nm
headmaster, principal.

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provision
nf
supply, store; (sur un compte) credit (balance) (acompte) deposit; ~s (vivres) food shopping.

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provisoire
a
provisional.

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provocant
~e a
provocative.

provocation nf provocation.

provoquer vt cause; (sexuellement) arouse; (défier) provoke.

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proxénète
nm
pimp, procurer.

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proximité
nf
proximity; à ~ de close to.

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prude
a
prudish.

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prudemment
adv
(conduire) carefully; (attendre) cautiously.

prudence nf caution.

prudent, ~e a (au volant) careful; (à agir) cautious; (sage) wise.

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prune
nf
plum.

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pruneau
(pl ~x ) nm
prune.

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prunelle
nf
(pupille) pupil; (fruit) sloe.

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prunier
nm
plum tree.

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psaume
nm
psalm.

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pseudonyme
nm
pseudonym.

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psychanalyse
nf
psychoanalysis.

psychanalyste nmf psychoanalyst.

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psychiatre
nmf
psychiatrist.

psychiatrie nf psychiatry.

psychiatrique a psychiatric.

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psychique
a
mental, psychological.

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psychologie
nf
psychology.

psychologique a psychological.

psychologue nmf psychologist.

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pu
POUVOIR .

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puant
~e a
stinking.

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pub
nf
fam la ~ advertising; une ~ an advert.

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puberté
nf
puberty.

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public
-que a
public. nm public; (assistance) audience; (Scol) state schools (+pl ) en ~ in public.

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publication
nf
publication.

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publicitaire
a
publicity.

publicité nf publicity, advertising; (annonce) advertisement.

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publier
vt
publish.

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publiquement
adv
publicly.

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puce
nf
flea; (électronique) chip; marché aux ~s flea market.

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pudeur
nf
modesty.

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pudibond
~e a
prudish.

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pudique
a
modest.

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puer
vi
stink. vt stink of.

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puéricultrice
nf
pediatric nurse.

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puéril
~e a
puerile.

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puis
adv
then.

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puiser
vt
draw (dans from ) . vi ~ dans qch dip into sth.

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puisque
conj
since, as.

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puissance
nf
power; en ~ potential.

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puissant
~e a
powerful.

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puits
nm
well; (de mine) shaft.

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pull
(-over ) nm
pullover, jumper.

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pulpe
nf
pulp.

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pulsation
nf
(heart-) beat.

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pulvériser
vt
pulverize; (liquide) spray.

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punaise
nf
(insecte) bug; (clou) drawing-pin.

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punch1
nm
(boisson) punch.

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punch2
nm
avoir du ~ have drive.

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punir
vt
punish.

punition nf punishment.

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pupille
nf
(de l'œil) pupil. nmf (enfant) ward.

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pupitre
nm
(Scol) desk; ~ à musique music stand.

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pur
a
pure; (whisky) neat.

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purée
nf
purée; (de pommes de terre) mashed potatoes (+pl ) .

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pureté
nf
purity.

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purgatoire
nm
purgatory.

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purge
nf
purge.

purger vt (Pol, Méd) purge; (peine: Jur) serve. )

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purifier
vt
purify.

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puritain
~e nm, f
puritan. a puritanical.

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pur-sang
nm inv
(cheval) thoroughbred.

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pus
nm
pus.

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putain
nf
p whore.

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puzzle
nm
jigsaw (puzzle) .

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P-V
abrév m
(procès-verbal ) ticket, traffic fine.

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pyjama
nm
pyjamas (+pl ) un ~ a pair of pyjamas.

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pylône
nm
pylon.

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Pyrénées
nfpl
les ~ the Pyrenees.

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pyromane
nmf
arsonist.

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Q

QG
abrév m
(quartier général ) HQ.

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QI
abrév m
(quotient intellectuel ) IQ.

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qu'
QUE.

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quadriller
vt
(armée) take control of; (police) spread one's net over; papier quadrillé squared paper.

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quadrupède
nm
quadruped.

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quadruple
a
quadruple. nm le ~ de four times.

quadrupler vt/i quadruple.

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quai
nm
(de gare) platform; (de port) quay; (de rivière) bank.

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qualification
nf
qualification; (compétence pratique) skills (+pl ) .

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qualifié
~e a
(diplomé) qualified; (main-d'œuvre) skilled.

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qualifier
vt
qualify; (décrire) describe (de as ) .

se ~ vpr qualify (pour for ) .

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qualité
nf
quality; (titre) occupation; (fonction) position; en sa ~ de in his ou her capacity as.

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quand
adv
when; ~ même all the same. conj when; (toutes les fois que) whenever; ~ bien même even if.

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quant à
prép
as for.

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quantité
nf
quantity; une ~ de a lot of; des ~s (de) masses ou lots (of) .

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quarantaine
nf
(Méd) quarantine; une (~ de) about forty; avoir la ~ be in one's forties.

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quarante
a & nm
forty.

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quart
nm
quarter; (Naut) watch; onze heures moins le ~ quarter to eleven; ~ (de litre) quarter litre; ~ de finale quarter- final; ~ d'heure quarter of an hour; ~ de tour ninety-degree turn.

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quartier
nm
area, district; (zone ethnique) quarter; (de lune, pomme, bœuf) quarter; (d'une orange) segment; ~s (Mil) quarters; de ~ du ~ local; ~ général headquarters; avoir ~ libre be free.

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quasiment
adv
almost, practically.

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quatorze
a & nm
fourteen.

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quatre
a & nm
four.

quatre-vingt (s) a & nm eighty.

quatre-vingt-dix a & nm ninety.

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quatrième
a & nmf
fourth. nf (Auto) fourth gear.

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quatuor
nm
quartet.

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que,
qu' before vowel or mute h. conjonction
that; je crains ~... I'm worried that...
(souhait, volonté) je veux ~ tu viennes I want you to come; ~ tu viennes ou non whether you come or not; qu'il entre let him come in.
(comparaison) than; plus grand ~ toi taller than you. pronom interrogatif
what; ~ voulez-vous manger? what would you like to eat? pronom relatif
(personne) whom, that; l'homme ~ j'ai rencontré the man (whom) I met.
(chose) that, which; le cheval ~ Nick m'a offert the horse (which) Nick gave me. adverbe
~ c'est joli! it's so pretty!; ~ de monde! what a lot of people!

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Québec
nm
Quebec.

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quel,
(pl quel (le) s ) adjectif interrogatif
which, what; ~ auteur a écrit...? which writer wrote...?; ~ jour sommes-nous? what day is it today? adjectif exclamatif
what; ~ idiot! what an idiot!; quelle horreur! that's horrible! adjectif relatif
~ que soit son âge whatever his age; quelles que soient tes raisons whatever your reasons; ~ que soit le gagnant whoever the winner is.

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quelconque
a
any, some; (banal) ordinary; (médiocre) poor, second rate.

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quelque
a
some; ~s a few, some. adv (environ) about, some; et ~ fam and a bit; ~ chose something; (dans les phrases interrogatives) anything; ~ part somewhere; ~ peu somewhat.

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quelquefois
adv
sometimes.

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quelques-uns
-unes pron
some, a few.

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quelqu'un
pron
someone, somebody; (dans les phrases interrogatives) anyone, anybody.

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querelle
nf
quarrel.

quereller (se) vpr quarrel.

querelleur, -euse a quarrelsome.

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question
nf
question; (affaire) matter, question; poser une ~ ask a question; en ~ in question; il est ~ de (cela concerne) it is about; (on parle de) there is talk of; il n'en est pas ~ it is out of the question; pas ~! no way!

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questionnaire
nm
questionnaire.

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questionner
vt
question.

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quête
nf
(Relig) collection; (recherche) search; en ~ de in search of.

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queue
nf
tail; (de poêle) handle; (de fruit) stalk; (de fleur) stem; (file) queue; (US) line; (de train) rear; faire la ~ queue (up) (US) line up; ~ de cheval ponytail; faire une ~ de poisson à qn (Auto) cut in front of sb.

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qui
pronom interrogatif
(sujet) who; ~ a fait ça? who did that?
(complément) whom; à ~ est ce livre? whose book is this? pronom relatif
(personne sujet) who; c'est Isabelle qui vient d'appeler it's Isabelle who's just called.
(autres cas) that, which; qu'est-ce ~ te prend? what is the matter with you?; invite ~ tu veux invite whoever you want; ~ que ce soit whoever it is, anybody.

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quiche
nf
quiche.

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quiconque
pron
whoever; (n'importe qui) anyone.

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quille
nf
(de bateau) keel; (jouet) skittle.

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quincaillerie
nf
hardware; (magasin) hardware shop.

quincaillier, -ière nm, f hardware dealer.

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quintal
(pl -aux ) nm
quintal, one hundred kilos.

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quinte
nf
~ de toux coughing fit.

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quintuple
a
quintuple. nm le ~ de five times.

quintupler vt/i quintuple, increase fivefold.

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quinzaine
nf
une (~ de) about fifteen.

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quinze
a & nm inv
fifteen; ~ jours two weeks.

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quiproquo
nm
misunderstanding.

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quittance
nf
receipt.

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quitte
a
quits (envers with ) ~ à faire even if it means doing.

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quitter
vt
leave; (vêtement) take off; ne quittez pas! hold the line, please!

se ~ vpr part.

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qui-vive
nm inv
être sur le ~ be alert.

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quoi
pron
what; (après une préposition) which; de ~ vivre (assez) enough to live on; de ~ écrire something to write with; ~ qu'il dise whatever he says; ~ que ce soit anything; il n'y a pas de ~ my pleasure; il n'y a pas de ~ s'inquiéter there's nothing to worry about.

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quoique
conj
although, though.

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quota
nm
quota.

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quote-part
(pl quotes-parts ) nf
share.

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quotidien
~ne a
daily; (banal) everyday. nm daily (paper) (vie quotidienne) everyday life.

quotidiennement adv daily.

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R

rabâcher
vt
keep repeating.

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rabais
nm
reduction, discount.

rabaisser vt (déprécier) belittle; (réduire) reduce.

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rabat-joie
nm inv
killjoy.

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rabattre
vt
(chapeau, visière) pull down; (refermer) shut; (diminuer) reduce; (déduire) take off; (col, drap) turn down.

se ~ vpr (se refermer) close; (véhicule) cut back in; se ~ sur make do with.

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rabot
nm
plane.

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rabougri
~e a
stunted.

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racaille
nf
rabble.

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raccommoder
vt
mend; (personnesfam) reconcile.

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raccompagner
vt
see ou take back (home) .

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raccord
nm
link; (de papier peint) join; (retouche) touch-up.

raccorder vt connect, join.

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raccourci
nm
short cut; en ~ in short.

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raccourcir
vt
shorten. vi get shorter.

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raccrocher
vt
hang back up; (passant) grab hold of; (relier) connect; ~ le combiné orle téléphone hang up. vi hang up.

se ~ à vpr cling to; (se relier à) be connected to ou with.

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race
nf
race; (animale) breed; de ~ (chien) pedigree; (cheval) thoroughbred.

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racheter
vt
buy (back) (acheter encore) buy more; (nouvel objet) buy another; (société) buy out; ~ des chaussettes buy new socks.

se ~ vpr make amends.

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racial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
racial.

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racine
nf
root; ~ carrée / cubique square/cube root.

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racisme
nm
racism.

raciste a & nmf racist.

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racket
nm
racketeering.

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raclée
nf
fam thrashing.

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racler
vt
scrape.

se ~ vpr se ~ la gorge clear one's throat.

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racolage
nm
soliciting.

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raconter
vt
(histoire) tell; (vacances) tell about; (vie, épisode) describe; ~ à qn que tell sb that, say to sb that; qu'est-ce que tu racontes? what are you talking about?

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radar
nm
radar.

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radeau
(pl ~x ) nm
raft.

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radiateur
nm
radiator; (électrique) heater.

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radiation
nf
radiation.

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radical
~e (mpl -aux ) a
radical. nm (pl -aux ) radical.

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radieux
-ieuse a
radiant.

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radin
~e a
fam stingy fam.

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radio
nf
radio; à la ~ on the radio; (radiographie) X-ray.

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radioactif
-ive a
radioactive.

radioactivité nf radioactivity.

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radiocassette
nf
radio cassette player.

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radiodiffuser
vt
broadcast.

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radiographie
nf
(photographie) X-ray.

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radiomessageur
nm
pager.

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radis
nm
radish; ne pas avoir un ~ fam be broke.

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radoter
vi
fam talk drivel.

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radoucir
(se ) vpr
(humeur) improve; (temps) become milder.

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rafale
nf
(de vent) gust; (de mitraillette) burst.

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raffermir
vt
strengthen.

se ~ vpr become stronger.

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raffiné
~e a
refined.

raffinement nm refinement.

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raffiner
vt
refine.

raffinerie nf refinery.

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raffoler
vt
fam ~ de be crazy about.

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raffut
nm
fam din.

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rafle
nf
(police) raid.

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rafraîchir
vt
cool (down) (mur) give a fresh coat of paint to; (personne, mémoire) refresh.

se ~ vpr (boire) refresh oneself; (temps) get cooler.

rafraîchissant, ~e a refreshing.

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rafraîchissement
nm
(boisson) cold drink; ~s refreshments.

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ragaillardir
vt
fam cheer up.

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rage
nf
rage; (maladie) rabies; faire ~ (bataille, incendie) rage; (maladie) be rife; ~ de dents raging toothache.

rageant, ~e a infuriating.

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ragots
nmpl
fam gossip.

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ragoût
nm
stew.

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raid
nm
(Mil) raid; (Sport) trek.

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raide
a
stiff; (côte) steep; (corde) tight; (cheveux) straight. adv (monter, descendre) steeply.

raideur nf stiffness; steepness.

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raidir
vt
(corps) tense.

se ~ vpr tense up; (position) harden; (corde) tighten.

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raie
nf
(ligne) line; (bande) strip; (de cheveux) parting; (poisson) skate.

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raifort
nm
horseradish.

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rail
nm
rail, track; le ~ (transport) rail.

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raisin
nm
le ~ grapes; ~ sec raisin; un grain de ~ a grape.

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raison
nf
reason; à ~ de at the rate of; avec ~ rightly; avoir ~ be right (de faire to do ) avoir ~ de qn get the better of sb; donner ~ à prove right; en ~ de because of; ~ de plus all the more reason; perdre la ~ lose one's mind.

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raisonnable
a
reasonable, sensible.

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raisonnement
nm
reasoning; (propositions) argument.

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raisonner
vi
think. vt (personne) reason with.

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rajeunir
vt
~ qn make sb (look) younger; (moderniser) modernize; (Méd) rejuvenate. vi (personne) look younger.

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rajuster
vt
straighten; (salaires) (re) adjust.

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ralenti
~e a
slow. nm (au cinéma) slow motion; tourner au ~ tick over, idle.

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ralentir
vt/i
slow down.

se ~ vpr slow down.

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ralentisseur
nm
speed ramp.

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râler
vi
groan; (protesterfam) moan.

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rallier
vt
rally; (rejoindre) rejoin.

se ~ vpr rally; se ~ à (avis) come round to; (parti) join.

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rallonge
nf
(de table) leaf; (de fil électrique) extension lead.

rallonger vt lengthen; (séjour, fil, table) extend.

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rallumer
vt
(feu) relight; (lampe) switch on again; (ranimer: fig) revive.

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rallye
nm
rally.

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ramassage
nm
(cueillette) gathering; (d'ordures) collection; ~ scolaire school bus service.

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ramasser
vt
pick up; (récolter) gather; (recueillir, rassembler) collect.

se ~ vpr huddle up, curl up.

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rame
nf
(aviron) oar; (train) train.

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ramener
vt
(rapporter, faire revenir) bring back; (reconduire) take back; ~ à (réduire à) reduce to.

se ~ vpr fam turn up; se ~ à (problème) come down to.

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ramer
vi
row.

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ramollir
vt
soften.

se ~ vpr become soft.

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ramoneur
nm
(chimney) sweep.

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rampe
nf
banisters; (pente) ramp; ~ d'accès (Auto) slip road; ~ de lancement launching pad.

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ramper
vi
crawl.

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rancard
nm
fam date.

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rancart
nm
mettre ou jeter au ~ fam scrap.

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rance
a
rancid.

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rancœur
nf
resentment.

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rançon
nf
ransom.

rançonner vt rob, extort money from.

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rancune
nf
grudge; sans ~! no hard feelings!

rancunier, -ière a vindictive.

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randonnée
nf
walk, ramble; la ~ à cheval pony trekking; faire une ~ go walking ou rambling.

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rang
nm
row; (hiérarchie, condition) rank; se mettre en ~ line up; au premier ~ in the first row; (fig) at the forefront; de second ~ (péj) second-rate.

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rangée
nf
row.

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rangement
nm
(de pièce) tidying (up) (espace) storage space.

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ranger
vt
put away; (chambre) tidy (up) (disposer) place.

se ~ vpr (véhicule) park; (s'écarter) stand aside; (conducteur) pull over; (s'assagir) settle down; se ~ à (avis) accept.

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ranimer
vt
revive; (Méd) resuscitate.

se ~ vpr come round.

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rapace
nm
bird of prey. a grasping.

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rapatriement
nm
repatriation.

rapatrier vt repatriate.

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râpe
nf
(Culin) grater; (lime) rasp.

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râpé
~e a
(vêtement) threadbare; (fromage) grated.

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râper
vt
grate; (bois) rasp.

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rapide
a
fast, rapid. nm (train) express (train) (cours d'eau) rapids (+pl ) .

rapidement adv fast, rapidly.

rapidité nf speed.

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rappel
nm
recall; (deuxième avis) reminder; (de salaire) back pay; (Méd) booster; (de diplomate) recall; (de réservistes) call-up; (Théât) curtain call.

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rappeler
vt
(par téléphone) call back; (réserviste) call up; (diplomate) recall; (évoquer) recall; ~ qch à qn remind sb of sth.

se ~ vpr remember, recall.

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rapport
nm
connection; (compte-rendu) report; (profit) yield; ~s (relations) relations; en ~ avec (accord) in keeping with; mettre/se mettre en ~ avec put/get in touch with; par ~ à (comparéà) compared with; (vis-à-vis de) with regard to; ~s (sexuels ) intercourse.

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rapporter
vt
(ici) bring back; (là-bas) take back, return; (profit) bring in; (dire, répéter) report. vi (Comm) bring in a good return; (moucharderfam) tell tales.

se ~ à vpr relate to; s'en ~ à rely on.

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rapporteur
-euse nm, f
(mouchard) tell-tale. nm protractor.

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rapprochement
nm
reconciliation; (Pol) rapprochement; (rapport) connection; (comparaison) parallel.

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rapprocher
vt
move closer (de to ) (réconcilier) bring together; (comparer) compare; (date, rendez-vous) bring forward.

se ~ vpr get ou come closer (de to ) (personnes, pays) come together; (s'apparenter) be close (de to ) .

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rapt
nm
abduction.

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raquette
nf
(de tennis) racket; (de ping-pong) bat.

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rare
a
rare; (insuffisant) scarce.

rarement adv rarely, seldom.

rareté nf rarity; scarcity; (objet) rarity.

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ras
~e adv
coupé ~ cut short. a (herbe, poil) short; à ~ de terre very close to the ground; en avoir ~ le bol fam be really fed up; ~e campagne open country; à ~ bord to the brim.

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raser
vt
shave; (cheveux, barbe) shave off; (frôler) skim; (abattre) raze; (ennuyerfam) bore.

se ~ vpr shave.

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rasoir
nm
razor. a inv fam boring.

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rassasier
vt
satisfy, fill up; être rassasié de have had enough of.

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rassemblement
nm
gathering; (manifestation) rally.

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rassembler
vt
gather; (forces, courage) summon up; (idées) collect.

se ~ vpr gather.

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rassis
~e a
(pain) stale.

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rassurer
vt
reassure.

se ~ vpr reassure oneself; rassure-toi don't worry.

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rat
nm
rat.

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rate
nf
spleen.

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raté
~e nm, f
(personne) failure. nm avoir des ~s (voiture) backfire.

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râteau
(pl ~x ) nm
rake.

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râtelier
nm
hayrack; (dentierfam) dentures.

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rater
vt
(train, rendezvous, cible) miss; (gâcher) make a mess of, spoil; (examen) fail. vi fail.

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ratio
nm
ratio.

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rationaliser
vt
rationalize.

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rationnel
~le a
rational.

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rationnement
nm
rationing.

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ratisser
vt
rake; (fouiller) comb.

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rattacher
vt
(lacets) tie up again; (ceinture de sécurité, collier) refasten; (relier) link; (incorporer) join.

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rattrapage
nm
(Comm) adjustment; cours de ~ remedial lesson.

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rattraper
vt
catch; (rejoindre) catch up with; (retard, erreur) make up for.

se ~ vpr catch up; (se dédommager) make up for it; se ~ à catch hold of.

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rature
nf
deletion.

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rauque
a
raucous, harsh.

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ravager
vt
devastate, ravage.

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ravages
nmpl
faire des ~ wreak havoc.

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ravaler
vt
(façade) clean; (colère) swallow.

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ravi
~e a
delighted (que that ) .

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ravin
nm
ravine.

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ravir
vt
delight; ~ qch à qn rob sb of sth.

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ravissant
~e a
beautiful.

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ravisseur
-euse nm, f
kidnapper.

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ravitaillement
nm
provision of supplies (de to ) (denrées) supplies; ~ en essence refuelling.

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ravitailler
vt
provide with supplies; (avion) refuel.

se ~ vpr stock up.

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raviver
vt
revive; (feu, colère) rekindle.

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rayé
~e a
striped.

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rayer
vt
scratch; (biffer) cross out; '~ la mention inutile' 'delete as appropriate'.

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rayon
nm
ray; (étagère) shelf; (de magasin) department; (de roue) spoke; (de cercle) radius; ~ d'action range; ~ de miel honeycomb; ~ X X-ray; en connaître un ~ fam know one's stuff fam.

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rayonnement
nm
(éclat) radiance; (influence) influence; (radiations) radiation.

rayonner vi radiate; (de joie) beam; (se déplacer) tour around (from a central point) .

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rayure
nf
scratch; (dessin) stripe; à ~s striped.

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raz-de-marée
nm inv
tidal wave; ~ électoral electoral landslide.

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réacteur
nm
jet engine; (nucléaire) reactor.

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réaction
nf
reaction; ~ en chaîne chain reaction; moteur à ~ jet engine.

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réagir
vi
react; ~ sur have an effect on.

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réalisateur
-trice nm, f
(au cinéma) director; (TV) producer.

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réalisation
nf
(de rêve) fulfilment; (œuvre) achievement; (TV, cinéma) production; projet en ~ project in progress.

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réaliser
vt
carry out; (effort, bénéfice, achat) make; (rêve) fulfil; (film) direct; (capital) realize; (se rendre compte de) realize.

se ~ vpr be fulfilled.

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réalisme
nm
realism.

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réaliste
a
realistic. nmf realist.

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réalité
nf
reality.

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réanimation
nf
resuscitation; service de ~ intensive care.

réanimer vt resuscitate.

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réarmement
nm
rearmament.

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rébarbatif
-ive a
forbidding, off-putting.

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rebelle
a
rebellious; (soldat) rebel; ~ à resistant to. nmf rebel.

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rébellion
nf
rebellion.

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rebondir
vi
bounce; rebound; (fig) get moving again.

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rebondissement
nm
(new) development.

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rebord
nm
edge; ~ de la fenêtre window ledge ou sill.

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rebours:
à ~ loc
(compter, marcher) backwards.

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rebrousse-poil:
à ~ loc
the wrong way; (fig) prendre qn à ~ rub sb up the wrong way.

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rebrousser
vt
~ chemin turn back.

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rebut
nm
mettre ou jeter au ~ scrap.

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rebutant
~e a
offputting.

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recaler
vt
fam fail; se faire ~, être recalé fail.

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recel
nm
receiving.

receler vt (objet volé) receive; (cacher) conceal.

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récemment
adv
recently.

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recensement
nm
census; (inventaire) inventory.

recenser vt (population) take a census of; (objets) list.

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récent
~e a
recent.

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récépissé
nm
receipt.

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récepteur
nm
receiver.

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réception
nf
reception; (de courrier) receipt.

réceptionniste nmf receptionist.

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récession
nf
recession.

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recette
nf
(Culin) recipe; (argent) takings; ~s (Comm) receipts.

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receveur
-euse nm, f
(de bus) conductor; ~ des contributions tax collector.

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recevoir
vt
receive, get; (client, malade) see; (invités) welcome, receive; être reçu à un examen pass an exam.

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rechange:
de ~ loc
(roue, vêtements) spare; (solution) alternative.

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réchapper
vt/i
~ de come through, survive.

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recharge
nf
(de stylo) refill.

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réchaud
nm
stove.

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réchauffement
nm
(de température) rise (de in ) le ~ de la planète global warming.

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réchauffer
vt
warm up.

se ~ vpr warm oneself up; (temps) get warmer.

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rêche
a
rough.

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recherche
nf
search (de for ) (raffinement) meticulousness; ~ (s) (Univ) research; ~s (enquête) investigations; ~ d'emploi jobhunting.

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recherché
~e a
in great demand; (style) original, recherché (péj) ~ pour meurtre wanted for murder.

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rechercher
vt
search for.

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rechute
nf
(Méd) relapse; faire une ~ have a relapse.

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récidiver
vi
commit a second offence.

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récif
nm
reef.

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récipient
nm
container.

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réciproque
a
mutual, reciprocal.

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réciproquement
adv
each other; et ~ and vice versa.

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récit
nm
(compte-rendu) account, story; (histoire) story.

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réciter
vt
recite.

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réclamation
nf
complaint; (demande) claim.

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réclame
nf
advertisement; faire de la ~ advertise; en ~ on offer.

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réclamer
vt
call for, demand. vi complain.

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reclus
~e nm, f
recluse. a reclusive.

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réclusion
nf
imprisonment.

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récolte
nf
(action) harvest; (produits) crop, harvest; (fig) crop.

récolter vt harvest, gather; (fig) collect, get.

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recommandation
nf
recommendation.

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recommandé
nm
registered letter; envoyer en ~ send by registered post.

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recommander
vt
recommend.

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recommencer
vt
(reprendre) begin ou start again; (refaire) repeat. vi start ou begin again; ne recommence pas don't do it again.

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récompense
nf
reward; (prix) award.

récompenser vt reward (de for ) .

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réconcilier
vt
reconcile.

se ~ vpr become reconciled (avec with ) .

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reconduire
vt
see home; (à la porte) show out; (renouveler) renew.

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réconfort
nm
comfort.

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reconnaissance
nf
gratitude; (fait de reconnaître) recognition; (Mil) reconnaissance.

reconnaissant, ~e a grateful (de for ) .

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reconnaître
vt
recognize; (admettre) admit (que that ) (Mil) reconnoitre; (enfant, tort) acknowledge.

se ~ vpr (s'orienter) know where one is; (l'un l'autre) recognize each other.

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reconstituer
vt
reconstitute; (crime) reconstruct; (époque) recreate.

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reconversion
nf
(de main-d'œuvre) redeployment.

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recopier
vt
copy out.

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record
nm & a inv
record.

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recouper
vt
confirm.

se ~ vpr check, tally, match up.

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recourbé
~e a
curved; (nez) hooked.

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recourir
vi
~ à (expédient, violence) resort to; (remède, méthode) have recourse to.

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recours
nm
resort; avoir ~ à have recourse to, resort to; avoir ~ à qn turn to sb.

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recouvrer
vt
recover.

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recouvrir
vt
cover.

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récréation
nf
recreation; (Scol) break; (US) recess.

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recroquevillerse
vpr
curl up.

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recrudescence
nf
new outbreak.

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recrue
nf
recruit.

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recrutement
nm
recruitment.

recruter vt recruit.

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rectangle
nm
rectangle.

rectangulaire a rectangular.

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rectifier
vt
correct, rectify.

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recto
nm
au ~ on the front of the page.

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reçu
~e a
accepted; (candidat) successful. nm receipt. RECEVOIR .

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recueil
nm
collection.

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recueillement
nm
meditation.

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recueillir
vt
collect; (prendre chez soi) take in.

se ~ vpr meditate.

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recul
nm
retreat; (éloignement) distance; (déclin) decline; avoir un mouvement de ~ recoil; être en ~ be on the decline; avec le ~ with hindsight.

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reculé
~e a
(région) remote.

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reculer
vt
move back; (véhicule) reverse; (différer) postpone. vi move back; (voiture) reverse; (armée) retreat; (régresser) fall; (céder) back down; ~ devant (fig) shrink from.

se ~ vpr move back.

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récupération
nf
(de l'organisme, de dette) recovery; (d'objets) salvage.

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récupérer
vt
recover; (vieux objets) salvage. vi recover.

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récurer
vt
scour; poudre à ~ scouring powder.

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récuser
vt
challenge.

se ~ vpr state that one is not qualified to judge.

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recyclage
nm
(de personnel) retraining; (de matériau) recycling.

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recycler
vt
(personne) retrain; (chose) recycle.

se ~ vpr retrain.

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rédacteur
-trice nm, f
author, writer; (de journal, magazine) editor.

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rédaction
nf
writing; (Scol) essay, composition; (personnel) editorial staff.

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redevable
a
être ~ à qn de (argent) owe sb; (fig) be indebted to sb for.

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redevance
nf
(de télévision) licence fee; (de téléphone) rental charge.

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rédiger
vt
write; (contrat) draw up.

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redire
vt
repeat; avoir ou trouver à ~ à find fault with.

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redondant
~e a
superfluous.

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redonner
vt
(rendre) give back; (donner davantage) give more; (donner de nouveau) give again.

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redoubler
vt
increase; (classe) repeat; ~ de prudence be even more careful. vi (Scol) repeat a year; (s'intensifier) intensify.

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redoutable
a
formidable.

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redouter
vt
dread.

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redressement
nm
(reprise) recovery; ~ judiciaire receivership.

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redresser
vt
straighten (outou up) (situation) right, redress; (économie, entreprise) turn around.

se ~ vpr (personne) straighten (oneself) up; (se remettre debout) stand up; (pays, économie) recover.

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réduction
nf
reduction.

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réduire
vt
reduce (à to). se ~ vpr be reduced ou cut; se ~ à revenir à) (come down to. )

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réduit
~e a
(objet) small-scale; (limité) limited. nm cubbyhole.

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rééducation
nf
(de handicapé) rehabilitation; (Méd) physiotherapy.

rééduquer vt (personne) rehabilitate; (membre) restore normal movement to.

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réel
~le a
real. nm reality.

réellement adv really.

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réexpédier
vt
forward; (retourner) send back.

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refaire
vt
do again; (erreur, voyage) make again; (réparer) do up, redo.

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réfectoire
nm
refectory.

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référence
nf
reference.

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référendum
nm
referendum.

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référer
vi
en ~ à consult.

se ~ à vpr refer to, consult.

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refermer
vt
close (again) .

se ~ vpr close (again) .

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réfléchi
~e a
(personne) thoughtful; (verbe) reflexive.

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réfléchir
vi
think (à, sur about ) . vt reflect.

se ~ vpr be reflected.

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reflet
nm
reflection; (nuance) sheen.

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refléter
vt
reflect.

se ~ vpr be reflected.

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réflexe
a
reflex. nm reflex; (réaction) reaction.

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réflexion
nf
(pensée) thought, reflection; (remarque) remark, comment; à la ~ on second thoughts.

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refluer
vi
flow back; (foule) retreat; (inflation) go down.

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reflux
nm
(marée) ebb, tide.

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réforme
nf
reform.

réformer vt reform; (soldat) invalid out.

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refouler
vt
(larmes) hold back; (désir) repress; (souvenir) suppress.

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refrain
nm
chorus; le même ~ the same old story.

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refréner
vt
curb, check.

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réfrigérateur
nm
refrigerator.

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refroidir
vt/i
cool (down) .

se ~ vpr (personne, temps) get cold.

refroidissement nm cooling; (rhume) chill.

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refuge
nm
refuge; (chalet) mountain hut.

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réfugié
~e nm, f
refugee.

réfugier (se ) vpr take refuge.

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refus
nm
refusal; ce n'est pas de ~ fam I wouldn't say no.

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refuser
vt
refuse (de to ) (client, spectateur) turn away; (recaler) fail; (à un poste) turn down.

se ~ à vpr (évidence) reject; se ~ à faire refuse to do.

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regain
nm
~ de renewal ou revival of; (Comm) rise.

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régal
(pl ~s ) nm
treat, delight.

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régaler
vt
~ qn de treat sb to.

se ~ vpr (de nourriture) je me régale it's delicious.

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regard
nm
(expression, coup d'œil) look; (vue) eye; (yeux) eyes; ~ fixe stare; au ~ de with regard to; en ~ de compared with.

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regardant
~e a
~ avec son argent careful with money; peu (~ sur ) not fussy (about) .

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regarder
vt
look at; (observer) watch; (considérer) consider; (concerner) concern; ~ fixement stare at; ~ à think about, pay attention to. vi look.

se ~ vpr (soi-même) look at oneself; (personnes) look at each other.

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régate
nf
regatta.

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régie
nf
~ d'État public corporation; (radio, TV) control room; (au cinéma) production; (Théât) stage management.

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régime
nm
(organisation) system; (Pol) regime; (Méd) diet; (de moteur) speed; (de bananes) bunch; se mettre au ~ go on a diet; à ce ~ at this rate.

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régiment
nm
regiment.

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région
nf
region.

régional, ~e (mpl -aux ) a regional.

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régir
vt
govern.

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régisseur
nm
(Théât) stage manager; ~ de plateau (TV) floor manager; (au cinéma) studio manager.

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registre
nm
register.

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réglage
nm
adjustment; (de moteur) tuning.

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règle
nf
rule; (instrument) ruler; ~s (de femme) period; en ~ in order.

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réglé
~e a
(vie) ordered; (arrangé) settled; (papier) ruled.

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règlement
nm
(règles) regulations; (solution) settlement; (paiement) payment.

réglementaire a (uniforme) regulation.

réglementation nf regulation, rules.

réglementer vt regulate, control.

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régler
vt
settle; (machine) adjust; (programmer) set; (facture) settle; (personne) settle up with; ~ son compte à fam settle a score with.

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réglisse
nf
liquorice.

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règne
nm
reign; (végétal, animal, minéral) kingdom.

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regret
nm
regret; à ~ with regret.

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regretter
vt
regret; (personne) miss; (pour s'excuser) be sorry.

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regrouper
vt
group ou bring together.

se ~ vpr gather ou group together.

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régularité
nf
regularity; (de rythme, progrès) steadiness; (de surface, écriture) evenness.

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régulier
-ière a
regular; (qualité, vitesse) steady, even; (ligne, paysage) even; (légal) legal; (honnête) honest.

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rehausser
vt
raise; (faire valoir) enhance.

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rein
nm
kidney; ~s (dos) small of the back.

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reine
nf
queen.

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réinsertion
nf
reintegration.

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réintégrer
vt
(lieu) return to; (Jur) reinstate; (personne) reintegrate.

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réitérer
vt
repeat.

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rejaillir
vi
~ sur splash back onto; ~ sur qn (succès) reflect on sb.

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rejet
nm
rejection; ~s (déchets) waste.

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rejeter
vt
throw back; (refuser) reject; (déverser) discharge; ~ une faute sur qn shift the blame for a mistake onto sb.

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rejeton
nm
(enfantfam) offspring (inv) .

rejoindre vt go back to, rejoin; (rattraper) catch up with; (rencontrer) join, meet up with.

se ~ vpr (personnes) meet up; (routes) join, meet.

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réjoui
~e a
joyful.

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réjouir
vt
delight.

se ~ vpr be delighted (de at ) .

réjouissances nfpl festivities.

réjouissant, ~e a cheering.

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relâche
nm
(repos) break, rest; faire ~ (Théât) be closed.

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relâcher
vt
slacken; (personne) release; (discipline) relax.

se ~ vpr slacken.

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relais
nm
(Sport) relay; (hôtel) hotel; (intermédiaire) intermediary; prendre le ~ de take over from.

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relancer
vt
boost, revive; (renvoyer) throw back.

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relatif
-ive a
relative; ~ à relating to.

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relation
nf
relationship; (ami) acquaintance; (personne puissante) connection; ~s relations; ~s extérieures foreign affairs; en ~ avec qn in touch with sb.

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relativement
adv
relatively; ~ à in relation to.

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relativité
nf
relativity.

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relax
a inv
fam laid-back.

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relaxer
(se ) vpr
relax.

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relayer
vt
relieve; (émission) relay.

se ~ vpr take over from one another.

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reléguer
vt
relegate.

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relent
nm
stink; (fig) whiff.

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relève
nf
relief; prendre ou assurer la ~ take over (de from ) .

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relevé
~e a
spicy. nm (de compteur) reading; (facture) bill; ~ bancaire, ~ de compte bank statement; faire le ~ de list.

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relever
vt
pick up; (personne tombée) help up; (remonter) raise; (col) turn up; (compteur) read; (défi) accept; (relayer) relieve; (remarquer, noter) note; (plat) spice up; (rebâtir) rebuild; ~ de come within the competence of; (Méd) recover from.

se ~ vpr (personne) get up (again) (pays, économie) recover.

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relief
nm
relief; mettre en ~ highlight.

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relier
vt
link (up) (à to ) (livre) bind.

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religieux
-ieuse a
religious. nm, f monk, nun.

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religion
nf
religion.

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reliure
nf
binding.

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reluire
vi
shine.

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remaniement
nm
revision; ~ ministériel cabinet reshuffle.

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remarquable
a
remarkable.

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remarque
nf
remark; (par écrit) comment.

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remarquer
vt
notice; (dire) say; faire ~ point out (à to); se faire ~ draw attention to oneself; remarque z ) (mind you. )

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remblai
nm
embankment.

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remboursement
nm
(d'emprunt, dette) repayment; (Comm) refund.

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rembourser
vt
(dette, emprunt) repay; (billet, frais) refund; (client) give a refund to; (ami) pay back.

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remède
nm
remedy; (médicament) medicine.

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remédier
vi
~ à remedy.

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remerciements
nmpl
thanks.

remercier vt thank (de for); licencier) (dismiss. )

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remettre
vt
put back; (vêtement) put back on; (donner) hand over; (devoir, démission) hand in; (faire fonctionner) switch back on; (restituer) give back; (différer) put off; (ajouter) add; (se rappeler) remember; ~ en cause ouen question call into question.

se ~ vpr (guérir) recover; se ~ au tennis take up tennis again; se ~ au travail get back to work; se ~ à faire start doing again; s'en ~ à leave it to.

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remise
nf
(abri) shed; (rabais) discount; (transmission) handing over; (ajournement) postponement; ~ en cause ouen question calling into question; ~ des prix prizegiving; ~ des médailles medals ceremony; ~ de peine remission.

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remontant
nm
tonic.

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remontée
nf
ascent; (d'eau, de prix) rise; ~ mécanique ski lift.

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remonte-pente
(pl ~s ) nm
ski tow.

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remonter
vi
go oucome (back) up; (prix, niveau) rise (again) (revenir) go back (à to); ~ dans le temps go back in time. vt rue, escalier) (go ou come (back) up; relever) (raise; montre) (wind up; objet démonté) (put together again; personne) (buck up. )

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remontoir
nm
winder.

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remords
nm
remorse; avoir du or des ~ feel remorse.

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remorque
nf
trailer; en ~ on tow.

remorquer vt tow.

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remous
nm
eddy; (de bateau) backwash; (fig) turmoil.

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rempart
nm
rampart.

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remplaçant
~e nm, f
replacement; (joueur) reserve, substitute.

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remplacement
nm
replacement; faire des ~s do supply teaching.

remplacer vt replace.

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rempli
~e a
full (de of ) (journée) busy.

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remplir
vt
fill (up) (formulaire) fill in ou out; (condition) fulfil; (devoir, tâche, rôle) carry out.

se ~ vpr fill (up) .

remplissage nm filling; (de texte) padding.

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remporter
vt
take back; (victoire) win.

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remuant
~e a
boisterous.

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remue-ménage
nm inv
commotion, bustle.

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remuer
vt
move; (thé, café) stir; (passé) rake up. vi move; (gigoter) fidget.

se ~ vpr move.

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rémunération
nf
payment.

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renaissance
nf
rebirth.

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renard
nm
fox.

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renchérir
vi
(dans une vente) raise the bidding; ~ sur go one better than. vt increase, put up.

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rencontre
nf
meeting; (de routes) junction; (Mil) encounter; (match) match; (US) game.

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rencontrer
vt
meet; (heurter) hit; (trouver) find.

se ~ vpr meet.

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rendement
nm
yield; (travail) output.

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rendez-vous
nm
appointment; (d'amoureux) date; (lieu) meeting-place; prendre ~ (avec ) make an appointment (with) .

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rendormirse
vpr
go back to sleep.

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rendre
vt
give back, return; (donner en retour) return; (monnaie) give; (justice) dispense; (jugement) pronounce; ~ heureux/possible make happy/possible; (vomirfam) vomit; ~ compte de report on; ~ service (à) help; ~ visite à visit. vi (terres) yield; (activité) be profitable.

se ~ vpr (capituler) surrender; (aller) go (à to ) se ~ utile make oneself useful.

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rêne
nf
rein.

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renfermé
~e a
withdrawn. nm sentir le ~ smell musty.

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renflé
~e a
bulging.

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renforcer
vt
reinforce.

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renfort
nm
reinforcement; à grand ~ de with a great deal of.

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renier
vt
(personne, œuvre) disown; (foi) renounce.

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renifler
vt/i
sniff.

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renne
nm
reindeer.

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renom
nm
renown; (réputation) reputation.

renommé, ~e a famous.

renommée nf (célébrité) fame; (réputation) reputation.

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renoncement
nm
renunciation.

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renoncer
vi
~ à (habitude, ami) give up, renounce; (projet) abandon; ~ à faire abandon the idea of doing.

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renouer
vt
tie up (again) (amitié) renew; ~ avec qn get back in touch with sb; (après une dispute) make up with sb.

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renouveau
(pl ~x ) nm
revival.

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renouveler
vt
renew; (réitérer) repeat; (remplacer) replace.

se ~ vpr be renewed; (incident) recur, happen again.

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renouvellement
nm
renewal.

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rénovation
nf
(d'édi- fice) renovation; (d'institution) reform.

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renseignement
nm
~ (s) information; (bureau des ) ~s information desk; (service des ) ~s téléphoniques directory enquiries.

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renseigner
vt
inform, give information to.

se ~ vpr enquire, make enquiries, find out.

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rentabilité
nf
profitability.

rentable a profitable.

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rente
nf
(private) income; (pension) annuity.

rentier, -ière nm, f person of private means.

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rentrée
nf
return; (revenu) income; la ~ parlementaire the reopening of Parliament; la ~ (des classes ) the start of the new school year; faire sa ~ make a comeback.

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rentrer
vi
(aux être) go ou come back home, return home; (entrer) go ou come in; (entrer à nouveau) go ou come back in; (revenu) come in; (élèves) go back (to school) ~ dans (heurter) smash into; tout est rentré dans l'ordre everything is back to normal; ~ dans ses frais break even. vt (aux avoir) bring in; (griffes) draw in; (vêtement) tuck in.

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renverser
vt
knock over ou down; (piéton) knock down; (liquide) upset, spill; (mettre à l'envers) turn upside down; (gouvernement) overthrow; (inverser) reverse.

se ~ vpr (véhicule) overturn; (verre, vase) fall over.

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renvoi
nm
return; (d'employé) dismissal; (d'élève) expulsion; (report) postponement; (dans un livre, fichier) cross-reference; (rot) burp.

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renvoyer
vt
send back, return; (employé) dismiss; (élève) expel; (ajourner) postpone; (référer) refer; (réfléchir) reflect.

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repaire
nm
den.

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répandre
vt
(liquide) spill; (étendre, diffuser) spread; (odeur) give off.

se ~ vpr spread; (liquide) spill; se ~ en injures let out a stream of abuse.

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répandu
~e a
widespread.

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réparateur
-trice nm
engineer.

réparation nf repair; (compensation) compensation.

réparer vt repair, mend; (faute) make amends for; (remédier à) put right.

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repartie
nf
retort; avoir de la ~ always have a ready reply.

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repartir
vi
start again; (voyageur) set off again; (s'en retourner) go back; (secteur économique) pick up again.

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répartir
vt
distribute; (partager) share out; (étaler) spread.

répartition nf distribution.

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repas
nm
meal.

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repassage
nm
ironing.

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repasser
vi
come ou go back; ~ devant qch go past sth again. vt (linge) iron; (examen) retake, resist; (film) show again.

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repêcher
vt
recover, fish out; (candidat) allow to pass.

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repentir1
nm
repentance.

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repentir2se
vpr
(Relig) repent (de of ) se ~ de (regretter) regret.

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répercuter
vt
(bruit) send back.

se ~ vpr echo; se ~ sur have repercussions on.

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repère
nm
mark; (jalon) marker; (événement) landmark; (référence) reference point.

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repérer
vt
locate, spot.

se ~ vpr get one's bearings.

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répertoire
nm
(artistique) repertoire; (liste) directory; ~ téléphonique telephone directory; (personnel) telephone book.

répertorier vt index.

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répéter
vt
repeat; (Théât) rehearse. vi rehearse.

se ~ vpr be repeated; (personne) repeat oneself.

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répétition
nf
repetition; (Théât) rehearsal.

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répit
nm
respite, break.

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replier
vt
fold (up) (ailes, jambes) tuck in.

se ~ vpr withdraw (sur soi-même into oneself ) .

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réplique
nf
reply; (riposte) retort; (objection) objection; (Théât) line; (copie) replica.

répliquer vt/i reply; (riposter) retort; (objecter) answer back.

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répondeur
nm
answering machine.

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répondre
vt
(injure, bêtise) reply with; ~ que answer ou reply that; ~ à (être conforme à) answer; (affection, sourire) return; (avances, appel, critique) respond to; ~ de answer for. vi answer, reply; (être insolent) answer back; (réagir) respond (à to ) .

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réponse
nf
answer, reply; (fig) response.

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report
nm
(transcription) transfer; (renvoi) postponement.

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reportage
nm
report; (par écrit) article.

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reporter1
vt
take back; (ajourner) put off; (transcrire) transfer.

se ~ à vpr refer to.

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reporter2
nm
reporter.

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repos
nm
rest; (paix) peace.

reposant, ~e a restful.

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reposer
vt
put down again; (délasser) rest. vi rest (sur on); laisser ~ pâte) (leave to stand. se ~ vpr rest; se ~ sur rely on. )

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repousser
vt
push back; (écarter) push away; (dégoûter) repel; (décliner) reject; (ajourner) postpone, put back. vi grow again.

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reprendre
vt
take back; (confiance, conscience) regain; (souffle) get back; (évadé) recapture; (recommencer) resume; (redire) repeat; (modifier) alter; (blâmer) reprimand; ~ du pain take some more bread; on ne m'y reprendra pas I won't be caught out again. vi (recommencer) resume; (affaires) pick up.

se ~ vpr (se ressaisir) pull oneself together; (se corriger) correct oneself.

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représailles
nfpl
reprisals.

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représentant
~e nm, f
representative.

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représentation
nf
representation; (Théât) performance.

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représenter
vt
represent; (figures) depict, show; (pièce de théâtre) perform.

se ~ vpr (s'imaginer) imagine.

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répression
nf
repression; (d'élan) suppression.

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réprimande
nf
reprimand.

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réprimer
vt
(peuple) repress; (sentiment) suppress; (fraude) crack down on.

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reprise
nf
resumption; (Théât) revival; (TV) repeat; (de tissu) darn, mend; (essor) recovery; (Comm) part-exchange, trade-in; à plusieurs ~s on several occasions.

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repriser
vt
darn, mend.

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reproche
nm
reproach; faire des ~s à find fault with.

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reprocher
vt
~ qch à qn reproach ou criticize sb for sth.

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reproducteur
-trice a
reproductive.

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reproduire
vt
reproduce; (répéter) repeat.

se ~ vpr reproduce; (se répéter) recur.

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reptile
nm
reptile.

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repu
~e a
satiated, replete.

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républicain
~e a & nm
f republican.

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république
nf
republic; ~ populaire people's republic.

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répudier
vt
repudiate; (droit) renounce.

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répugnance
nf
repugnance; (hésitation) reluctance; avoir de la ~ pour loathe.

répugnant, ~e a repulsive.

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répugner
vt
be repugnant to, disgust; ~ à (effort, violence) be averse to; ~ à faire be reluctant to do.

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répulsion
nf
repulsion.

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réputation
nf
reputation.

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réputé
~e a
renowned (pour for); école, compagnie) (reputable; ~ pour être reputed to be. )

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requérir
vt
require, demand.

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requête
nf
request; (Jur) petition.

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requin
nm
shark.

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requis
~e a
(exigé) required; (nécessaire) necessary.

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RER
abrév m
(réseau express régional ) Parisian rapid transit rail system .

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rescapé
~e nm, f
survivor. a surviving.

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rescousse
nf
à la ~ to the rescue.

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réseau
(pl ~x ) nm
network; ~ local local area network, LAN; le ~ des ~x (Ordinat) Internet.

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réservation
nf
reservation, booking.

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réserve
nf
reserve; (restriction) reservation, reserve; (indienne) reservation; (entrepôt) store-room; en ~ in reserve; les ~s (Mil) the reserves.

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réserver
vt
reserve; (place) book, reserve.

se ~ vpr se ~ qch save sth for oneself; se ~ pour save oneself for; se ~ le droit de reserve the right to.

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réservoir
nm
tank; (lac) reservoir.

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résidence
nf
residence; ~ secondaire second home; ~ universitaire hall of residence.

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résident
~e nm, f
resident; (étranger) foreign resident.

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résider
vi
reside; ~ dans qch (difficulté) lie in.

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résignerse
vpr
se ~ à faire resign oneself to doing.

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résilier
vt
terminate.

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résine
nf
resin.

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résistance
nf
resistance; (fil électrique) element.

résistant, ~e a tough.

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résister
vi
resist; ~ à (agresseur, assaut, influence, tentation) resist; (corrosion, chaleur) withstand.

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résolu
~e a
resolute; ~ à faire determined to do. RÉSOUDRE .

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résolution
nf
(fermeté) resolution; (d'un problème) solving.

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résonner
vi
resound.

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résorber
vt
reduce.

se ~ vpr be reduced.

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résoudre
vt
solve; (crise, conflit) resolve.

se ~ à vpr (se décider) resolve to; (se résigner) resign oneself to.

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respect
nm
respect.

respectabilité nf respectability.

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respecter
vt
respect; faire ~ (loi, décision) enforce.

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respectueux
-euse a
respectful; ~ de l'environnement environmentally friendly.

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respiration
nf
breathing; (haleine) breath.

respiratoire a respiratory, breathing.

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respirer
vi
breathe; (se reposer) catch one's breath. vt breathe (in) (exprimer) radiate.

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resplendir
vi
shine (de with ) .

resplendissant, ~e a brilliant, radiant.

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responsabilité
nf
responsibility; (légale) liability.

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responsable
a
responsible (de for); ~ de chargé de) (in charge of. nmf person in charge; coupable) (person responsible. )

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resquiller
vi
fam (dans le train) fare-dodge; (au spectacle) get in without paying; (dans la queue) jump the queue.

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ressaisirse
vpr
pull oneself together; (équipe sportive, valeurs boursières) make a recovery.

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ressemblance
nf
resemblance.

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ressemblant
~e a
être ~ (portrait) be a good likeness.

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ressembler
vi
~ à resemble, look like.

se ~ vpr be alike; (physiquement) look alike.

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ressentiment
nm
resentment.

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ressentir
vt
feel.

se ~ de vpr feel the effects of.

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resserrer
vt
tighten; (contracter) compress; (vêtement) take in.

se ~ vpr tighten; (route) narrow; (se regrouper) move closer together.

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ressort
nm
(objet) spring; (fig) energy; être du ~ de be the province of; (Jur) be within the jurisdiction of; en dernier ~ as a last resort.

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ressortir
vi
go ou come back out; (se voir) stand out; (film, disque) be re-released; faire ~ bring out; il ressort que it emerges that. vt take out again; (redire) come out with again; (disque, film) re-release.

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ressortissant
~e nm, f
national.

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ressource
nf
resource; ~s resources; à bout de ~ at one's wits' end.

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ressusciter
vi
come back to life. vt bring back to life; (fig) revive.

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restant
~e a
remaining. nm remainder.

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restaurant
nm
restaurant.

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restauration
nf
restoration; (hôtellerie) catering.

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restaurer
vt
restore.

se ~ vpr eat.

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reste
nm
rest; (d'une soustraction) remainder; ~s remains (de of); nourriture) (leftovers; un ~ de poulet some left-over chicken; au d, du ~ moreover, besides. )

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rester
vi
(aux être) stay, remain; (subsister) be left, remain; il reste du pain there is some bread left (over) il me reste du pain I have some bread left (over) il me reste à it remains for me to; en ~ à go no further than; en ~ là stop there.

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restituer
vt
(rendre) return; (recréer) reproduce; (rétablir) reconstruct.

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restreindre
vt
restrict.

se ~ vpr (dans les dépenses) cut back.

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résultat
nm
result.

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résulter
vi
~ de result from, be the result of.

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résumé
nm
summary; en ~ in short; (pour finir) to sum up.

résumer vt summarize.

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résurrection
nf
resurrection; (renouveau) revival.

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rétablir
vt
restore; (personne) restore to health.

se ~ vpr (ordre, silence) be restored; (guérir) recover.

rétablissement nm restoration; (de malade, monnaie) recovery.

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retard
nm
lateness; (sur un programme) delay; (infériorité) backwardness; avoir du ~ be late; (montre) be slow; en ~ late; (retardé) behind; en ~ sur l'emploi du temps behind schedule; rattraper oucombler son ~ catch up; prendre du ~ fall behind.

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retardataire
nmf
latecomer. a late.

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retarder
vt
~ qn / qch delay sb/sth, hold sb/sth up; (par rapport à une heure convenue) make sb/sth late; (montre) put back. vi (montre) be slow; (personne) be out of touch.

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retenir
vt
hold back; (souffle, attention, prisonnier) hold; (eau, chaleur) retain, hold; (larmes) hold back; (garder) keep; (retarder) detain, hold up; (réserver) book; (se rappeler) remember; (déduire) deduct; (accepter) accept.

se ~ vpr (se contenir) restrain oneself; se ~ à hold on to; se ~ de faire stop oneself from doing.

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rétention
nf
retention.

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retentir
vi
ring out, resound; ~ sur have an impact on.

retentissant, ~e a resounding.

retentissement nm (effet) effect.

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retenue
nf
restraint; (somme) deduction; (Scol) detention.

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réticent
~e a
(hésitant) hesitant; (qui rechigne) reluctant; (réservé) reticent.

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rétine
nf
retina.

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retiré
~e a
(vie) secluded; (lieu) remote.

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retirer
vt
(sortir) take out; (ôter) take off; (argent, offre, candidature) withdraw; (écarter) (main, pied) withdraw; (billet, bagages) collect, pick up; (avantage) derive; ~ à qn take away from sb.

se ~ vpr withdraw, retire.

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retombées
nfpl
(conséquences) effects; ~ radioactives nuclear fall-out.

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retomber
vi
(faire une chute) fall again; (retourner au sol) land, come down; ~ dans (erreur) fall back into.

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retouche
nf
alteration; (de photo, tableau) retouch.

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retour
nm
return; être de ~ be back (de from ) ~ en arrière flashback; par ~ du courrier by return of post; en ~ in return.

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retourner
vt
(aux avoir) turn over; (vêtement) turn inside out; (maison) turn upside down; (lettre, compliment) return; (émouvoirfam) shake, upset. vi (aux être) go back, return.

se ~ vpr turn round; (dans son lit) twist and turn; s'en ~ go back; se ~ contre turn against.

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retrait
nm
withdrawal; (des eaux) receding; être (situé) en ~ (de) be set back (from) .

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retraite
nf
retirement; (pension) (retirement) pension; (fuite, refuge) retreat; mettre à la ~ pension off; prendre sa ~ retire.

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retraité
~e a
retired. nm, f (old-age) pensioner.

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retrancher
vt
remove; (soustraire) deduct, subtract.

se ~ vpr (Mil) entrench oneself; se ~ derrière take refuge behind.

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retransmettre
vt
broadcast.

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rétrécir
vt
make narrower; (vêtement) take in. vi (tissu) shrink.

se ~ vpr (rue) narrow.

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rétribution
nf
payment.

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rétroactif
-ive a
retrospective; augmentation à effet ~ backdated pay rise.

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retrousser
vt
pull up; (manche) roll up.

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retrouvailles
nfpl
reunion.

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retrouver
vt
find (again) (rejoindre) meet (again) (forces, calme) regain; (lieu) be back in; (se rappeler) remember.

se ~ vpr find oneself (back) (se réunir) meet (again) (être présent) be found; s'y ~ (s'orienter, comprendre) find one's way; (rentrer dans ses fraisfam) break even.

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rétroviseur
nm
(Auto) (rear-view) mirror.

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réunion
nf
meeting; (rencontre) gathering; (après une séparation) réunion; (d'objets) collection.

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réunir
vt
gather, collect; (rapprocher) bring together; (convoquer) call together; (raccorder) join; (qualités) combine.

se ~ vpr meet.

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réussi
~e a
successful.

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réussir
vi
succeed, be successful; ~ à faire succeed in doing, manage to do; ~ à un examen pass an exam; ~ à qn (méthode) work well for sb; (climat, mode de vie) agree with sb. vt (vie) make a success of.

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réussite
nf
success; (jeu) patience.

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revaloir
vt
je vous revaudrai cela (en mal) I'll pay you back for this; (en bien) I'll repay you some day.

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revanche
nf
revenge; (Sport) return ou revenge match; en ~ on the other hand.

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rêvasser
vi
daydream.

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rêve
nm
dream; faire un ~ have a dream.

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réveil
nm
waking up, (fig) awakening; (pendule) alarm clock.

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réveillé
~e a
awake.

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réveille-matin
nm inv
alarm clock.

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réveiller
vt
wake (up) (sentiment, souvenir) awaken; (curiosité) arouse.

se ~ vpr wake up.

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réveillon
nm
(Noël) Christmas Eve; (nouvel an) New Year's Eve.

réveillonner vi see Christmas ou the New Year in.

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révéler
vt
reveal.

se ~ vpr be revealed; se ~ facile turn out to be easy, prove easy.

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revendeur
-euse nm, f
dealer, stockist; ~ de drogue drug dealer.

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revendication
nf
claim.

revendiquer vt claim.

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revendre
vt
sell (again) avoir de l'énergie à ~ have energy to spare.

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revenir
vi
(aux être) come back, return (à to); ~ à activité) (go back to; se résumer à) (come down to; échoir à) (fall to; ~ à 100 francs cost 100 francs; ~ de maladie, surprise) (get over; ~ sur ses pas retrace one's steps; faire ~ Culin) (brown; ça me revient! now I remember!; je n'en reviens pas! fam I can't get over it! )

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revenu
nm
income; (de l'État) revenue.

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rêver
vt/i
dream (à of; de faire of doing ) .

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réverbère
nm
street lamp.

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révérence
nf
reverence; (salut d'homme) bow; (salut de femme) curtsy.

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rêverie
nf
daydream; (activité) daydreaming.

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revers
nm
reverse; (de main) back; (d'étoffe) wrong side; (de veste) lapel; (de pantalon) turn-up; (de manche) cuff; (tennis) backhand; (fig) set-back.

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revêtement
nm
covering; (de route) surface; ~ de sol floor covering.

revêtir vt cover; (habit) put on; (prendre, avoir) assume.

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rêveur
-euse a
dreamy. nm, f dreamer.

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réviser
vt
revise; (machine, véhicule) service.

révision nf revision; service.

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revivre
vi
come alive again. vt relive.

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révocation
nf
repeal; (d'un fonctionnaire) dismissal.

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revoir1
vt
see (again) (réviser) revise.

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revoir2
nm
au ~ goodbye.

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révolte
nf
revolt.

révolté, ~e nm, f rebel.

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révolter
vt
appal, revolt.

se ~ vpr revolt.

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révolu
~e a
past; avoir 21 ans ~s be over 21 years of age.

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révolution
nf
revolution.

révolutionnaire a & nmf revolutionary.

révolutionner vt revolutionize.

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revolver
nm
revolver, gun.

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révoquer
vt
repeal; (fonctionnaire) dismiss.

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revue
nf
(examen, défilé) review; (magazine) magazine; (spectacle) variety show.

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rez-de-chaussée
nm inv
ground floor; (US) first floor.

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RF
abrév f
(République Française ) French Republic.

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rhinocéros
nm
rhinoceros.

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rhubarbe
nf
rhubarb.

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rhum
nm
rum.

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rhumatisme
nm
rheumatism.

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rhume
nm
cold; ~ des foins hay fever.

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ri
RIRE .

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ricaner
vi
snigger.

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riche
a
rich (en in ) . nmf rich man, rich woman.

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richesse
nf
wealth; (de sol, décor) richness; ~s wealth; (ressources) resources.

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ride
nf
wrinkle; (sur l'eau) ripple.

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rideau
(pl ~x ) nm
curtain; (métallique) shutter; (fig) screen.

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ridicule
a
ridiculous. nm (d'une situation) absurdity; (le rotesque) le ~ ridicule.

ridiculiser vt ridicule.

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rien
pron
nothing; (quoi que ce soit) anything; de ~! don't mention it!; ~ de bon nothing good; elle n'a ~ dit she didn't say anything; ~ d'autre/de plus nothing else/more; ~ du tout nothing at all; ~ que (seulement) just, only; trois fois ~ next to nothing; il n'y est pour ~ he has nothing to do with it; ~ à faire! (c'est impossible) it's no good!; (refus) no way! fam. nm un ~ de a touch of; être puni pour un ~ be punished for the slightest thing; se disputer pour un ~ fight over nothing; en un ~ de temps in next to no time.

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rieur
-euse a
cheerful; (yeux) laughing.

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rigide
a
rigid.

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rigolade
nf
fun.

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rigoler
vi
laugh; (s'amuser) have some fun; (plaisanter) joke.

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rigolo
~te a
fam funny. nm, f fam joker.

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rigoureux
-euse a
rigorous; (hiver) harsh; (sévère) strict; (travail, recherches) meticulous.

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rigueur
nf
rigour; à la ~ at a pinch; être de ~ be obligatory; tenir ~ à qn de qch bear sb a grudge for sth.

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rime
nf
rhyme.

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rimer
vi
rhyme (avec with ) cela ne rime à rien it makes no sense.

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rinçage
nm
rinse; (action) rinsing.

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rincer
vt
rinse.

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riposte
nf
retort.

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riposter
vi
retaliate; ~ à (attaque) counter; (insulte) reply to. vt retort (que that ) .

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rire
vi
laugh (de at ) (plaisanter) joke; (s'amuser) have fun; c'était pour ~ it was a joke. nm laugh; des ~s laughter.

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risée
nf
la ~ de the laughing-stock of.

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risque
nm
risk.

risqué, ~e a risky; (osé) daring.

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risquer
vt
risk (de faire of doing ) (être passible de) face; il risque de pleuvoir it might rain; tu risques de te faire mal you might hurt yourself.

se ~ à /

dans vpr venture to/into.

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ristourne
nf
discount.

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rite
nm
rite; (habitude) ritual.

rituel, ~le a & nm ritual.

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rivage
nm
shore.

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rival
~e (mpl -aux ) a & nm, f
rival.

rivaliser vi compete (avec with ) .

rivalité nf rivalry.

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rive
nf
(de fleuve) bank; (de lac) shore.

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riverain
~e a
riverside. nm, f riverside resident; (d'une rue) resident.

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rivière
nf
river.

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riz
nm
rice.

rizière nf paddy field.

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robe
nf
(de femme) dress; (de juge) robe; (de cheval) coat; ~ de chambre dressing-gown.

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robinet
nm
tap; (US) faucet.

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robot
nm
robot; ~ ménager food processor.

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robuste
a
robust.

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roche
nf
rock.

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rocher
nm
rock.

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rock
nm
(Mus) rock.

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rodage
nm
en ~ (Auto) running in.

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roder
vt
(Auto) run in; être rodé (personne) have got the hang of things.

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rôder
vi
roam; (suspect) prowl.

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rogne
nf
fam anger; en ~ in a temper.

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rogner
vt
trim; ~ sur cut down on.

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rognon
nm
(Culin) kidney.

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roi
nm
king; les R ~ mages the Magi; la fête des R~ Twelfth Night.

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rôle
nm
role, part.

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romain
~e a
Roman.

R~, ~e nm, f Roman.

romaine nf (laitue) cos.

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roman
nm
novel; (genre) fiction.

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romance
nf
ballad.

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romancier
-ière nm, f
novelist.

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romanesque
a
romantic; (fantastique) fantastic; (récit) fictional; œuvres ~s novels, fiction.

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romantique
a & nmf
romantic.

romantisme nm romanticism.

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rompre
vt
break; (relations) break off. vi (se séparer) break up; ~ avec (fiancé) break up with; (parti) break away from; (tradition) break with.

se ~ vpr break.

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ronce
nf
bramble.

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rond
~e a
round; (gras) plump; (ivrefam) drunk. nm (cercle) ring; (tranche) slice; en ~ in a circle; il n'a pas un ~ fam he hasn't got a penny.

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ronde
nf
(de policier) beat; (de soldat, gardien) watch; (Mus) semibreve.

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rondelle
nf
(Tech) washer; (tranche) slice.

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rondement
adv
promptly; (franchement) frankly.

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rondeur
nf
roundness; (franchise) frankness; (embonpoint) plumpness.

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rondin
nm
log.

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rond-point
(pl ronds-points ) nm
roundabout; (US) traffic circle.

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ronfler
vi
snore; (moteur) purr.

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ronger
vt
gnaw (at) (vers, acide) eat into.

se ~ vpr se ~ les ongles bite one's nails.

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rongeur
nm
rodent.

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ronronner
vi
purr.

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rosbif
nm
roast beef.

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rose
nf
rose. a & nm pink.

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rosé
~e a
pinkish. nm rosé.

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roseau
(pl ~x ) nm
reed.

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rosée
nf
dew.

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rosier
nm
rose bush.

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rossignol
nm
nightingale.

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rotatif
-ive a
rotary.

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roter
vi
fam burp.

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rôti
nm
joint; (cuit) roast; ~ de porc roast pork.

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rotin
nm
(rattan) cane.

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rôtir
vt
roast.

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rôtissoire
nf
roasting spit.

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rotule
nf
kneecap.

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rouage
nm
(Tech) wheel; les ~s the works; (d'une organisation: fig) wheels.

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roucouler
vi
coo.

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roue
nf
wheel; ~ dentée cog (wheel) ~ de secours spare wheel.

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rouer
vt
~ de coups thrash.

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rouge
a
red; (fer) red-hot. nm red; (vin) red wine; (fard) blusher; ~ à lèvres lipstick. nmf (Pol) red.

rouge-gorge (pl rouges-gorges ) nm robin.

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rougeole
nf
measles (+sg ) .

rouget nm red mullet.

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rougeur
nf
redness; (tache) red blotch.

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rougir
vi
turn red; (de honte) blush.

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rouille
nf
rust.

rouillé, ~e a rusty.

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rouiller
vi
rust.

se ~ vpr get rusty.

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rouleau
(pl ~x ) nm
roll; (outil, vague) roller; ~ à pâtisserie rolling pin; ~ compresseur steamroller.

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roulement
nm
rotation; (bruit) rumble; (alternance) rotation; (de tambour) roll; ~ à billes ballbearing; travailler par ~ work in shifts.

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rouler
vt
roll; (ficelle, manches) roll up; (pâte) roll out; (duperfam) cheat. vi (véhicule, train) go, travel; (conducteur) drive.

se ~ dans vpr (herbe) roll in; (couverture) roll oneself up in.

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roulette
nf
(de meuble) castor; (de dentiste) drill; (jeu) roulette; comme sur des ~s very smoothly.

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roulotte
nf
caravan.

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roumain
~e a
Romanian.

R~, ~e nm, f Romanian.

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Roumanie
nf
Romania.

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rouquin
~e fam a
redhaired. nm, f redhead.

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rouspéter
vi
fam grumble, moan.

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rousse
ROUX.

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roussir
vt
scorch. vi turn brown.

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route
nf
road; (Naut, Aviat) route; (direction) way; (voyage) journey; (chemin: fig) path; en ~ on the way; en ~! let's go!; mettre en ~ start; ~ nationale trunk road, main road; se mettre en ~ set out; il y a une heure de ~ it's an hour's journey.

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routier
-ière a
road. nm long-distance lorry ou truck driver; (restaurant) transport café (US) truck stop.

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routine
nf
routine.

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roux
rousse a
red, russet; (personne) red-haired; (chat) ginger. nm, f redhead.

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royal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
royal; (cadeau) fit for a king.

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royaume
nm
kingdom.

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Royaume-Uni
nm
United Kingdom.

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royauté
nf
royalty.

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ruban
nm
ribbon; (de chapeau) band; ~ adhésif sticky tape; ~ magnétique magnetic tape.

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rubéole
nf
German measles (+sg ) .

rubis nm ruby; (de montre) jewel.

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rubrique
nf
heading; (article) column.

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ruche
nf
beehive.

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rude
a
(au toucher) rough; (pénible) tough; (grossier) coarse; (fameuxfam) tremendous.

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rudement
adv
(frapper) hard; (traiter) harshly; (trèsfam) really.

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rudimentaire
a
rudimentary.

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rue
nf
street.

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ruée
nf
rush.

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ruer
vi
(cheval) buck.

se ~ vpr rush (dans into; vers towards ) se ~ sur pounce on.

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rugby
nm
rugby.

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rugir
vi
roar.

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rugueux
-euse a
rough.

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ruine
nf
ruin; en (~s ) in ruins.

ruiner vt ruin.

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ruisseau
(pl ~x ) nm
stream; (rigole) gutter.

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rumeur
nf
(nouvelle) rumour; (son) murmur, hum.

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ruminer
vi
(animal) ruminate; (méditer) meditate.

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rupture
nf
break; (action) breaking; (de contrat) breach; (de pourparlers) breakdown; (de relations) breaking off; (de couple, coalition) break-up.

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rural
~e (mpl -aux ) a
rural.

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ruse
nf
cunning; une ~ a trick, a ruse.

rusé, ~e a cunning.

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russe
a
Russian. nm (Ling) Russian.

R~ nmf Russian.

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Russie
nf
Russia.

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rustique
a
rustic.

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rythme
nm
rhythm; (vitesse) rate; (de la vie) pace.

rythmique a rhythmical.

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S

s'
SE .

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sa
SON 1.

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SA
abrév f
(société anonyme ) PLC.

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sabbatique
a
(année) sabbatical year.

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sable
nm
sand; ~s mouvants quicksands.

sabler vt grit.

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sablier
nm
(Culin) eggtimer.

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sablonneux
-euse a
sandy.

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sabot
nm
(de cheval) hoof; (chaussure) clog; (de frein) shoe; ~ de Denver® (wheel) clamp.

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saboter
vt
sabotage; (bâcler) botch.

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sac
nm
bag; (grand, en toile) sack; mettre à ~ (maison) ransack; (ville) sack; ~ à dos rucksack; ~ à main handbag; ~ de couchage sleeping-bag; mettre dans le même ~ lump together.

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saccadé
~e a
jerky.

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saccager
vt
(abîmer) wreck; (maison) ransack; (ville, pays) sack.

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saccharine
nf
saccharin.

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sachet
nm
(small) bag; (d'aromates) sachet; ~ de thé teabag.

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sacoche
nf
bag; (de vélo) saddlebag.

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sacre
nm
(de roi) coronation; (d'évêque) consecration.

sacré, ~e a sacred; (mauditfam) damned.

sacrement nm sacrament.

sacrer vt crown; consecrate.

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sacrifice
nm
sacrifice.

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sacrifier
vt
sacrifice; ~ à conform to.

se ~ vpr sacrifice oneself.

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sacrilège
nm
sacrilege. a sacrilegious.

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sadique
a
sadistic. nmf sadist.

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sage
a
wise; (docile) good, well behaved. nm wise man.

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sage-femme
(pl sagesfemmes ) nf
midwife.

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sagesse
nf
wisdom.

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Sagittaire
nm
le ~ Sagittarius.

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saignant
~e a
(Culin) rare.

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saigner
vt/i
bleed; ~ du nez have a nosebleed.

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saillant
~e a
prominent.

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sain
~e a
healthy; (moralement) sane; ~ et sauf safe and sound.

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saindoux
nm
lard.

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saint
~e a
holy; (bon, juste) saintly. nm, f saint.

Saint- Esprit nm Holy Spirit.

sainteté nf holiness; (d'un lieu) sanctity.

Sainte Vierge nf Blessed Virgin.

Saint-Sylvestre nf New Year's Eve.

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sais
SAVOIR .

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saisie
nf
(Jur) seizure; (Comput) keyboarding; ~ de données data capture.

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saisir
vt
grab (hold of) (proie) seize; (occasion, biens) seize; (comprendre) grasp; (frapper) strike; (Ordinat) keyboard, capture; saisi de (peur) stricken by, overcome by.

se ~ de vpr seize.

saisissant, ~e a (spectacle) gripping.

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saison
nf
season; la morte ~ the off season.

saisonnier, -ière a seasonal.

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sait
SAVOIR .

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salade
nf
(plat) salad; (plante) lettuce.

saladier nm salad bowl.

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salaire
nm
wages (+pl ) salary.

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salarié
~e a
wageearning. nm, f wage earner.

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sale
a
dirty; (mauvais) nasty.

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salé
~e a
(goût) salty; (plat) salted; (opposéà sucré) savoury; (grivoisfam) spicy; (excessiffam) steep.

saler vt salt.

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saleté
nf
dirtiness; (crasse) dirt; (obscénité) obscenity; ~ (s) (camelote) rubbish; (détritus) mess.

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salir
vt
(make) dirty; (réputation) tarnish.

se ~ vpr get dirty.

salissant, ~e a dirty; (étoffe) easily dirtied.

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salive
nf
saliva.

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salle
nf
room; (grande, publique) hall; (de restaurant) dining room; (Théât, cinéma) auditorium; cinéma à trois ~s three-screen cinema; ~ à manger dining room; ~ d'attente waiting room; ~ de bains bathroom; ~ de séjour living room; ~ de classe classroom; ~ d'embarquement departure lounge; ~ d'opération operating theatre; ~ des ventes saleroom.

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salon
nm
lounge; (de coiffure, beauté) salon; (exposition) show; ~ de thé tea-room.

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salopette
nf
dungarees (+pl ) (d'ouvrier) overalls (+pl ) .

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saltimbanque
nmf
(street) acrobat.

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salubre
a
healthy.

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saluer
vt
greet; (en partant) take one's leave of; (de la tête) nod to; (de la main) wave to; (Mil) salute; (accueillir favorablement) welcome.

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salut
nm
greeting; (de la tête) nod; (de la main) wave; (Mil) salute; (rachat) salvation. interj (bonjourfam) hello; (au revoirfam) bye.

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salutation
nf
greeting.

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samedi
nm
Saturday.

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SAMU
abrév m
(Service d'assistance médicale d'urgence ) mobile accident unit.

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sanction
nf
sanction.

sanctionner vt sanction; (punir) punish.

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sandale
nf
sandal.

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sang
nm
blood; se faire du mauvais ~ ou un ~ d'encre be worried stiff.

sang-froid nm inv self-control.

sanglant, ~e a bloody.

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sangle
nf
strap.

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sanglier
nm
wild boar.

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sanglot
nm
sob.

sangloter vi sob.

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sanguin
~e a
(groupe) blood.

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sanguinaire
a
bloodthirsty.

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sanisette®
nf
automatic public toilet.

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sanitaire
a
(directives) health; (conditions) sanitary; (appareils, installations) bathroom, sanitary.

sanitaires nmpl bathroom.

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sans
prép
without; ~ ça, ~ quoi otherwise; ~ arrêt nonstop; ~ encombre/faute/tarder without incident/fail/delay; ~ fin/goût / limite endless/tasteless/limitless; ~ importance/pareil/précédent / travail unimportant/unparalleled/ unprecedented/unemployed; j'ai aimé mais ~ plus it was good, it wasn't great.

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sans-abri
nmf inv
homeless person.

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sans-gêne
a inv
inconsiderate, thoughtless. nm inv thoughtlessness.

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sans-papiers
nm inv
illegal immigrant.

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santé
nf
health; à ta ou votre ~! cheers!

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saoul
~e SOÛL.

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sapin
nm
fir (tree) ~ de Noël Christmas tree.

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sarcasme
nm
sarcasm.

sarcastique a sarcastic.

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sardine
nf
sardine.

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sas
nm
(Naut, Aviat) airlock.

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satané
~e a
fam damned.

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satellite
nm
satellite.

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satin
nm
satin.

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satire
nf
satire.

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satisfaction
nf
satisfaction.

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satisfaire
vt
satisfy. vi ~ à fulfil.

satisfaisant, ~e a (acceptable) satisfactory.

satisfait, ~e a satisfied (de with ) .

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saturer
vt
saturate.

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sauce
nf
sauce; ~ tartare tartar sauce.

saucière nf sauceboat.

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saucisse
nf
sausage.

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saucisson
nm
(slicing) sausage.

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sauf1
prép
except; ~ erreur if I'm not mistaken; ~ imprévu unless anything unforeseen happens; ~ avis contraire unless otherwise stated.

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sauf2

-ve a safe, unharmed.

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sauge
nf
(Culin) sage.

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saule
nm
willow; ~ pleureur weeping willow.

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saumon
nm
salmon. a inv salmon- (pink) .

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sauna
nm
sauna.

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saupoudrer
vt
sprinkle (de with ) .

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saut
nm
jump; faire un ~ chez qn pop round to sb's (place) le ~ (Sport) jumping; ~ en hauteur/longueur high/long jump; ~ périlleux somersault; au ~ du lit on getting up.

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sauté
~e a & nm
(Culin) sauté.

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saute-mouton
nm inv
leap-frog.

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sauter
vi
jump; (exploser) blow up; (fusible) blow; (se détacher) come off; faire ~ (détruire) blow up; (fusible) blow; (casser) break; ~ à la corde skip; ~ aux yeux be obvious; ~ au cou de qn fling one's arms round sb; ~ sur une occasion jump at an opportunity. vt jump (over) (page, classe) skip.

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sauterelle
nf
grasshopper.

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sautiller
vi
hop.

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sauvage
a
wild; (primitif, cruel) savage; (farouche) unsociable; (illégal) unauthorized. nmf unsociable person; (brute) savage.

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sauve
SAUF. 2

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sauvegarder
vt
safeguard; (Ordinat) back up.

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sauver
vt
save; (d'un danger) rescue, save; (matériel) salvage.

se ~ vpr (fuir) run away; (partirfam) be off.

sauvetage nm rescue.

sauveteur nm rescuer.

sauveur nm saviour.

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savant
~e a
learned; (habile) skilful. nm scientist.

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saveur
nf
flavour; (fig) savour.

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savoir
vt
know; elle sait conduire/nager she can drive/ swim; faire ~ à qn que inform sb that; (pas) que je sache (not) as far as I know; à ~ namely. nm learning.

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savon
nm
soap; passer un ~ à qn fam give sb a telling-off.

savonnette nf bar of soap.

savonneux, -euse a soapy.

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savourer
vt
savour.

savoureux, -euse a tasty; (fig) spicy.

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scandale
nm
scandal; (tapage) uproar; (en public) noisy scene; faire ~ shock people; faire un ~ make a scene.

scandaleux, -euse a scandalous.

scandaliser vt scandalize, shock.

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scander
vt
(vers) scan; (slogan) chant.

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scandinave
a
Scandinavian.

S~ nmf Scandinavian.

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Scandinavie
nf
Scandinavia.

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scarabée
nm
beetle.

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sceau
(pl ~x ) nm
seal.

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scélérat
nm
scoundrel.

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sceller
vt
seal; (fixer) cement.

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scène
nf
scene; (estrade, art dramatique) stage; mettre en ~ (pièce) stage; (film) direct; mise en ~ direction; ~ de ménage domestic dispute.

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scepticisme
nm
scepticism.

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sceptique
a
sceptical. nmf sceptic.

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schéma
nm
diagram.

schématique a schematic; (sommaire) sketchy.

schématiser vt simplify.

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schizophrène
a & nmf
schizophrenic.

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sciatique
a
(nerf) sciatic. nf sciatica.

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scie
nf
saw.

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sciemment
adv
knowingly.

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science
nf
science; (savoir) knowledge.

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science-fiction
nf
science fiction.

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scientifique
a
scientific. nmf scientist.

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scier
vt
saw.

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scintiller
vi
glitter; (étoile) twinkle.

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scission
nf
split.

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sclérose
nf
sclerosis; ~ en plaques multiple sclerosis.

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scolaire
a
school.

scolarisé, ~e a going to school.

scolarité nf schooling.

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score
nm
score.

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scorpion
nm
scorpion; le S~ Scorpio.

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scotch
nm
(boisson) Scotch (whisky) (ruban adhésif) ®Sellotape®.

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scout
~e nm & a
scout.

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scrupule
nm
scruple.

scrupuleux, -euse a scrupulous.

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scruter
vt
examine, scrutinize.

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scrutin
nm
(vote) ballot; (élections) polls (+pl ) .

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sculpter
vt
sculpt, carve.

sculpteur nm sculptor.

sculpture nf sculpture.

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se,
s' before vowel or mute h. pronom
himself, (féminin) herself; (indéfini) oneself; (non humain) itself; (au pluriel) themselves; ~ laver les mains wash one's hands; (réciproque) each other, one another; ils se détestent they hate each other.

The translation of se will vary according to which verb it is associated with. You should therefore refer to the verb to find it. For example, se promener, se taire will be treated respectively under promener and taire .

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séance
nf
session; (Théât, cinéma) show; ~ de pose sitting; ~ tenante forthwith.

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seau
(pl ~x ) nm
bucket, pail.

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sec
sèche a
dry; (fruits) dried; (coup, bruit) sharp; (cœur) hard; (whisky) neat. nm à ~ (sans eau) dry; (sans argent) broke; au ~ in a dry place.

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sèche-cheveux
nm inv
hairdrier.

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sèchement
adv
drily.

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sécher
vt/i
dry; (coursfam) : skip; (ne pas savoirfam) be stumped.

se ~ vpr dry oneself.

sécheresse nf (de climat) dryness; (temps sec) drought.

séchoir nm drier.

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second
~e a & nm, f
second. nm (adjoint) second in command; (étage) second floor.

secondaire a secondary.

seconde nf (instant) second; (vitesse) second gear.

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seconder
vt
assist.

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secouer
vt
shake; (poussière, torpeur) shake off.

se ~ vpr fam (se dépêcher) get a move on; (réagir) shake oneself up.

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secourir
vt
assist, help.

secouriste nmf first-aid worker.

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secours
nm
assistance, help; au ~! help!; de ~ (sortie) emergency; (équipe, opération) rescue. nmpl (Méd) first aid.

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secousse
nf
jolt, jerk; (séisme) tremor.

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secret
-ète a
secret. nm secret; (discrétion) secrecy; le ~ professionnel professional confidentiality; ~ de Polichinelle open secret; en ~ in secret, secretly.

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secrétaire
nmf
secretary; ~ de direction personal assistant. nm (meuble) writingdesk; ~ d'État junior minister.

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secrétariat
nm
secretarial work; (bureau) secretariat.

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sectaire
a
sectarian.

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secte
nf
sect.

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secteur
nm
area; (Comm) sector; (circuit: Èlectr) mains (+pl ) .

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section
nf
section; (Scol) stream; (Mil) platoon.

sectionner vt sever.

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sécuriser
vt
reassure.

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sécurité
nf
security; (absence de danger) safety; en ~ safe, secure.

Sécurité sociale nf social services, social security services.

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sédatif
nm
sedative.

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sédentaire
a
sedentary.

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séducteur
-trice a
seductive. nm, f seducer.

séduction nf seduction; (charme) charm.

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séduire
vt
charm; (plaire à) appeal to; (sexuellement) seduce.

séduisant, ~e a attractive.

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ségrégation
nf
segregation.

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seigle
nm
rye.

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seigneur
nm
lord; le S~ the Lord.

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sein
nm
breast; au ~ de within.

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séisme
nm
earthquake.

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seize
a & nm
sixteen.

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séjour
nm
stay; (pièce) living room.

séjourner vi stay.

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sel
nm
salt; (piquant) spice.

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sélectif
-ive a
selective.

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sélection
nf
selection.

sélectionner vt select.

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selle
nf
saddle; aller à la ~ have a bowel movement; ~s (Méd) stools.

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sellette
nf
sur la ~ (personne) in the hot seat.

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selon
prép
according to; ~ que depending on whether.

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semaine
nf
week; en ~ during the week.

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sémantique
a
semantic. nf semantics.

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semblable
a
similar (à to ) . nm fellow (creature) .

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semblant
nm
faire ~ de pretend to; un ~ de a semblance of.

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sembler
vi
seem (à to; que that ) il me semble que it seems to me that.

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semelle
nf
sole; ~ compensée wedge heel.

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semence
nf
seed.

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semer
vt
(graine, doute) sow; (jeter, parsemer) strew; (personnefam) lose; ~ la panique spread panic.

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semestre
nm
halfyear; (Univ) semester.

semestriel, ~le a (revue) biannual; (examen) end-of-semester.

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séminaire
nm
(Relig) seminary; (Univ) seminar.

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semi-remorque
nm
articulated lorry.

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semis
nm
(terrain) seedbed; (plant) seedling.

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semoule
nf
semolina.

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sénat
nm
senate.

sénateur nm senator.

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sénile
a
senile.

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sens
nm
(Méd) sense; (signification) meaning, sense; (direction) direction; à mon ~ to my mind; à ~ unique (rue) one-way; ça n'a pas de ~ it doesn't make sense; ~ commun common sense; ~ giratoire roundabout; ~ interdit no-entry sign; (rue) one-way street; dans le ~ des aiguilles d'une montre clockwise; dans le ~ inverse des aiguilles d'une montre anticlockwise; ~ dessus dessous upside down; ~ devant derrière back to front.

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sensation
nf
feeling, sensation; faire ~ create a sensation.

sensationnel, ~le a sensational.

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sensé
~e a
sensible.

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sensibiliser
vt
~ l'opinion increase people's awareness (à qch to sth ) .

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sensibilité
nf
sensitivity.

sensible a sensitive (à to ) (appréciable) noticeable.

sensiblement adv noticeably; (à peu près) more or less.

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sensoriel
~le a
sensory.

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sensualité
nf
sensuousness; sensuality.

sensuel, ~le a sensual.

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sentence
nf
sentence.

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senteur
nf
scent.

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sentier
nm
path.

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sentiment
nm
feeling; faire du ~ sentimentalize; j'ai le ~ que... I get the feeling that...

sentimental, ~e (mpl -aux ) a sentimental.

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sentir
vt
feel; (odeur) smell; (pressentir) sense; ~ la lavande smell of lavender; je ne peux pas le ~ fam I can't stand him. vi smell.

se ~ vpr se ~ fier/mieux feel proud/better.

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séparation
nf
separation.

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séparatiste
a & nmf
separatist.

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séparé
~e a
separate; (conjoints) separated.

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séparer
vt
separate; (en deux) split.

se ~ vpr separate, part (de from ) (se détacher) split; se ~ de (se défaire de) part with.

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sept
a & nm
seven.

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septante
a & nm
seventy.

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septembre
nm
September.

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septentrional
~e (mpl -aux ) a
northern.

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septième
a & nmf
seventh.

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sépulture
nf
burial; (lieu) burial place.

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séquelles
nfpl
(maladie) aftereffects; (fig) aftermath (+sg ) .

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séquence
nf
sequence.

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séquestrer
vt
confine (illegally) .

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sera
serait ÊTRE .

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serbe
a
Serbian.

S~ nmf Serbian.

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Serbie
nf
Serbia.

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serein
~e a
serene.

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sérénité
nf
serenity.

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sergent
nm
sergeant.

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série
nf
series (+sg ) (d'objets) set; de ~ (véhicule etc.) standard; fabrication ouproduction en ~ mass production.

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sérieusement
adv
seriously.

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sérieux
-ieuse a
serious; (digne de confiance) reliable; (chances, raison) good. nm seriousness; garder son ~ keep a straight face; prendre au ~ take seriously.

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serin
nm
canary.

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seringue
nf
syringe.

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serment
nm
oath; (promesse) vow.

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sermon
nm
sermon.

sermonner vt lecture.

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séropositif
-ive a
HIV positive.

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serpent
nm
snake; ~ à sonnettes rattlesnake.

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serpillière
nf
floorcloth.

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serre
nf
(de jardin) greenhouse; (griffe) claw.

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serré
~e a
(habit, nœud, écrou) tight; (personnes) packed, crowded; (lutte, mailles) close; (écriture) cramped; (cœur) heavy.

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serrer
vt
(saisir) grip; (presser) squeeze; (vis, corde, ceinture) tighten; (poing, dents) clench; ~ qn dans ses bras hug sb; ~ les rangs close ranks; ~ qn (vêtement) be tight on sb; ~ qn de près follow sb closely; ~ la main à shake hands with. vi ~ à droite keep over to the right.

se ~ vpr (se rapprocher) squeeze (up) (contre against). )

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serrure
nf
lock.

serrurier nm locksmith.

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servante
nf
(maid) servant.

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serveur
-euse nm, f
(homme) waiter; (femme) waitress. nm (Ordinat) server.

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serviable
a
helpful.

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service
nm
service; (fonction, temps de travail) duty; (pourboire) service (charge) (dans une société) department; (~ non ) compris service (not) included; être de ~ be on duty; pendant le ~ (when) on duty; rendre ~ à qn be a help to sb; ~à thé tea set; ~ d'ordre stewards (+pl ) ~ aprèsvente after-sales service; ~ militaire military service; les ~s secrets the secret service (+sg ) .

serviette nf (de toilette) towel; (cartable) briefcase; (~ de table ) serviette, napkin; ~ hygiénique sanitary towel.

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servir
vt/i
serve; (être utile) be of use, serve; ~ qn (à table) wait on sb; ça sert à (outil, récipient) it is used for; ça me sert à/de I use it to/as; ça ne sert à rien (action) it's pointless; ~ de serve as, be used as; ~ à qn de guide act as a guide for sb.

se ~ vpr (à table) help oneself (de to); se ~ de use. serviteur nm servant. )

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ses
SON 1.

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session
nf
session.

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seuil
nm
doorstep; (entrée) doorway; (fig) threshold.

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seul
~e a
alone, on one's own; (unique) only; un ~ exemple only one example; pas un ~ ami not a single friend; lui ~ le sait only he knows; dans le ~ but de with the sole aim of; parler tout ~ talk to oneself; faire qch tout ~ do sth on one's own. nm, f le d, la ~e the only one.

seulement adv only.

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sève
nf
sap.

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sévère
a
severe.

sévérité nf severity.

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sévices
nmpl
physical abuse (+sg ) .

sévir vi (fléau) rage; ~ contre punish.

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sevrer
vt
wean.

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sexe
nm
sex; (organes) genitals (+pl ) .

sexiste a sexist.

sexualité nf sexuality.

sexuel, ~le a sexual.

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shampooing
nm
shampoo.

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shérif
nm
sheriff.

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short
nm
shorts (+pl ) .

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sis'
before il, ils) conj
if; (interrogation indirecte) if, whether; ~ on allait se promener? what about a walk?; s'il vous oute plaît please; ~ oui if so; ~ seulement if only. adv (tellement) so; (oui) yes; un ~ bon repas such a good meal; ~ habile qu'il soit however skilful he may be; ~ bien que with the result that.

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sida
nm
(Méd) Aids.

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sidérurgie
nf
steel industry.

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siècle
nm
century; (époque) age.

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siège
nm
seat; (Mil) siege; ~ éjectable ejector seat; ~ social head office, headquarters (+pl ) .

siéger vi (assemblée) sit.

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sien
~ne pron
le ~, la ~ne, les (~ne) s (homme) his; (femme) hers; (chose) its; les ~s (famille) one's family.

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sieste
nf
nap, siesta.

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sifflement
nm
whistling; un ~ a whistle.

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siffler
vi
whistle; (avec un sifflet) blow one's whistle; (serpent, gaz) hiss. vt (air) whistle; (chien) whistle to ou for; (acteur) hiss.

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sifflet
nm
whistle; ~s (huées) boos.

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sigle
nm
acronym.

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signal
(pl -aux ) nm
signal; ~ sonore (de répondeur) tone.

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signalement
nm
description.

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signaler
vt
indicate; (par une sonnerie, un écriteau) signal; (dénoncer, mentionner) report; (faire remarquer) point out.

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signalisation
nf
signalling, signposting; (signaux) signals (+pl ) .

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signataire
nmf
signatory.

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signature
nf
signature; (action) signing.

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signe
nm
sign; (de ponctuation) mark; faire ~ à qn wave at sb; (contacter) contact; faire ~ à qn de beckon sb to; faire ~ que non shake one's head; faire ~ que oui nod.

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signer
vt
sign.

se ~ vpr (Relig) cross oneself.

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signet
nm
(pour livre, Internet) bookmark; ~s favoris (Internet) hotlist.

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significatif
-ive a
significant.

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signification
nf
meaning.

signifier vt mean, signify; (faire connaître) make known (à to). )

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silence
nm
silence; (Mus) rest; garder le ~ keep silent.

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silencieux
-ieuse a
silent. nm silencer.

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silex
nm inv
flint.

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silhouette
nf
outline, silhouette.

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sillon
nm
furrow; (de disque) groove.

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sillonner
vt
crisscross.

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similaire
a
similar.

similitude nf similarity.

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simple
a
simple; (non double) single. nm ~ dames/messieurs ladies'/men's singles (+pl ) .

simple d'esprit nmf simpleton.

simplement adv simply.

simplicité nf simplicity; (naïveté) simpleness.

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simplification
nf
simplification.

simplifier vt simplify.

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simpliste
a
simplistic.

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simulacre
nm
pretence, sham.

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simulation
nf
simulation.

simuler vt simulate.

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simultané
~e a
simultaneous.

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sincère
a
sincere.

sincérité nf sincerity.

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singe
nm
monkey; (grand) ape.

singer vt mimic, ape.

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singulier
-ière a
peculiar, remarkable; (Gram) singular. nm (Gram) singular.

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sinistre
a
sinister. nm disaster; (incendie) blaze; (dommages) damage.

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sinistré
~e a
stricken. nm, f disaster victim.

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sinon
conj
(autrement) otherwise; (sauf) except (que that); difficile ~ impossible difficult if not impossible. )

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sinueux
-euse a
winding; (fig) tortuous.

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sirène
nf
(appareil) siren; (femme) mermaid.

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sirop
nm
(de fruits, Méd) syrup; (boisson) cordial.

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sis
~e a
situated.

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sismique
a
seismic.

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site
nm
site; ~ touristique place of interest; ~ Internet or Web Web site.

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sitôt
adv
~ entré immediately after coming in; ~ que as soon as; pas de ~ not for a while.

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situation
nf
situation; (emploi) job, position; ~ de famille marital status.

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situé
~e a
situated.

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situer
vt
situate, locate.

se ~ vpr (se trouver) be situated.

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six
(/si/before consonant,before vowel) a & nm
six.

sixième a & nmf sixth.

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sketch
(pl ~es ) nm
(Théât) sketch.

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ski
nm
(matériel) ski; (Sport) skiing; faire du ~ ski; ~ de fond cross-country skiing; ~ nautique water skiing.

skier vi ski.

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slave
a
Slav; (Ling) Slavonic.

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slip
nm
(d'homme) underpants (+pl ) (de femme) knickers (+pl ) ~ de bain (swimming) trunks (+pl ) (du bikini) bikini bottom.

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slogan
nm
slogan.

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Slovaquie
nf
Slovakia.

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Slovénie
nf
Slovenia.

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smoking
nm
dinner jacket.

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SNCF
abrév f
(Société nationale des Chemins de fer français ) French national railway company .

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snob
nmf
snob. a snobbish.

snobisme nm snobbery.

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sobre
a
sober.

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social
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
social.

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socialisme
nm
socialism.

socialiste nmf & a socialist.

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société
nf
society; (entreprise) company.

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socle
nm
(de colonne, statue) plinth; (de lampe) base.

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socquette
nf
ankle sock.

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soda
nm
fizzy drink.

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sœur
nf
sister.

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soi
pron
oneself; derrière ~ behind one; en ~ in itself; aller de ~ be obvious.

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soi-disant
a inv
so-called. adv supposedly.

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soie
nf
silk.

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soif
nf
thirst; avoir ~ be thirsty; donner ~ make one thirsty.

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soigné
~e a
(apparence) tidy, neat; (travail) carefully done.

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soigner
vt
(s'occuper de) look after, take care of; (tenue, style) take care over; (maladie) treat.

se ~ vpr look after oneself.

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soigneusement
adv
carefully.

soigneux, -euse a careful (de about ) (ordonné) tidy.

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soi-même
pron
oneself.

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soin
nm
care; (ordre) tidiness; ~s care; (Méd) treatment; avec ~ carefully; avoir ouprendre ~ de qn/de faire take care of sb/to do; premiers ~s first aid (+sg ) .

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soir
nm
evening; à ce ~ see you tonight.

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soirée
nf
evening; (réception) party.

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soit
conj
(à savoir) that is to say; ~... ~ either... or. ÊTRE .

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soixante
a & nm
sixty.

soixante-dix a & nm seventy.

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soja
nm
(graines) soya beans (+pl ) (plante) soya.

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sol
nm
ground; (de maison) floor; (terrain agricole) soil.

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solaire
a
solar; (huile, filtre) sun.

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soldat
nm
soldier.

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solde1
nf
(salaire) pay.

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solde2
nm
(Comm) balance; les ~s the sales; ~s (écrit en vitrine) sale; en ~ (acheter) at sale price.

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solder
vt
sell off at sale price; (compte) settle.

se ~ par vpr (aboutir à) end in.

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sole
nf
(poisson) sole.

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soleil
nm
sun; (fleur) sunflower; il y a du ~ it's sunny.

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solennel
~le a
solemn.

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solfège
nm
musical theory.

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solidaire
a
(mécanismes) interdependent; (collègues) (mutually) supportive; être ~ de qn support sb.

solidarité nf solidarity.

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solide
a
solid; (personne) strong. nm solid.

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solidifier
vt
solidify.

se ~ vpr solidify.

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solitaire
a
solitary. nmf (personne) loner.

solitude nf solitude.

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solliciter
vt
seek; (faire appel à) call upon; être très sollicité be very much in demand.

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sollicitude
nf
concern.

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solo
nm & a inv
(Mus) solo.

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solution
nf
solution.

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solvable
a
solvent.

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solvant
nm
solvent.

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sombre
a
dark; (triste) sombre.

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sombrer
vi
sink (dans into ) .

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sommaire
a
(exécution) summary; (description) rough. nm contents (+pl ) au ~ on the programme.

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sommation
nf
(Mil) warning; (Jur) notice.

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somme
nf
sum; en d, ~ toute in short; faire la ~ de add (up) , total (up). nm nap.

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sommeil
nm
sleep; avoir ~ be ou feel sleepy; en ~ (projet) put on ice.

sommeiller vi doze; (fig) lie dormant.

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sommelier
nm
wine steward.

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sommer
vt
summon.

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sommes
ÊTRE .

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sommet
nm
top; (de montagne) summit; (de triangle) apex; (gloire) height.

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sommier
nm
bed base.

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somnambule
nm
sleepwalker.

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somnifère
nm
sleeping pill.

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somnolent
~e a
drowsy.

somnoler vi doze.

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somptueux
-euse a
sumptuous.

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son1 sa
(sonbefore vowel or mute h) (pl ses ) a
(homme) his; (femme) her; (chose) its; (indéfini) one's.

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son2
nm
(bruit) sound; (de blé) bran; baisser le ~ turn the volume down.

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sondage
nm
(~ d'opinion ) (opinion) poll.

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sonde
nf
(de forage) drill; (Méd) (d'évacuation) catheter; (d'examen) probe.

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sonder
vt
(population) poll; (explorer) sound; (terrain) drill; (intentions) sound out.

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songe
nm
dream.

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songer
vt
~ que think that; ~ à think about.

songeur, -euse a pensive.

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sonné
~e a
(étourdi) groggy; fam crazy.

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sonner
vt/i
ring; (clairon, glas) sound; (heure) strike; (domestique) ring for; midi sonné well past noon; ~ de (clairon) sound, blow.

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sonnerie
nf
ringing; (de clairon) sounding; (sonnette) bell.

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sonnet
nm
sonnet.

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sonnette
nf
bell.

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sonore
a
resonant; (onde, effets) sound; (rire) resounding.

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sonorisation
nf
(matériel) public address system.

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sonorité
nf
resonance; (d'un instrument) tone.

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sont
ÊTRE .

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sophistiqué
~e a
sophisticated.

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sorcellerie
nf
witchcraft.

sorcier nm (guérisseur) witch doctor; (maléfique) sorcerer.

sorcière nf witch.

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sordide
a
sordid; (lieu) squalid.

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sort
nm
(destin, hasard) fate; (condition) lot; (maléfice) spell; tirer (qch ) au ~ draw lots (for sth) .

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sortant
~e a
(président etc.) outgoing.

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sorte
nf
sort, kind; de ~ que so that; en quelque ~ in a way; de la ~ in this way; faire en ~ que make sure that.

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sortie
nf
exit; (promenade, dîner) outing; (déclarationq) remark; parution) (publication; de disque, film) (release; d'un ordinateur) (output; ~s argent) (outgoings. )

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sortilège
nm
(magic) spell.

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sortir
vi
(aux être) go out, leave; (venir) come out; (aller au spectacle) go out; (livre, film) come out; (plante) come up; ~ de (pièce) leave; (milieu social) come from; (limites) go beyond; ~ du commun oude l'ordinaire be out of the ordinary. vt (aux avoir) take out; (livre, modèle) bring out; (direfam) come out with; ~ qn de get sb out of; être sorti d'affaire be in the clear.

s'en ~ vpr cope, manage.

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sosie
nm
double.

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sot
~te a
silly.

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sottise
nf
silliness; (action, remarque) foolish thing; faire des ~s be naughty.

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sou
nm
fam ~s money; sans le ~ without a penny; près de ses ~s tight-fisted.

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soubresaut
nm
(sudden) start.

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souche
nf
(d'arbre) stump; (de famille) stock; (de carnet) counterfoil.

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souci
nm
(inquiétude) worry; (préoccupation) concern; (plante) marigold; se faire du ~ worry.

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soucierse
vpr
se ~ de care about.

soucieux, -ieuse a concerned (de about). )

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soucoupe
nf
saucer; ~ volante flying saucer.

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soudain
~e a
sudden. adv suddenly.

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soude
nf
soda.

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souder
vt
weld, solder; famille très soudée close-knit family.

se ~ vpr (os) knit (together) .

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soudoyer
vt
bribe.

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souffle
nm
(haleine) breath; (respiration) breathing; (explosion) blast; (vent) breath of air; le ~ coupé out of breath; à couper le ~ breathtaking.

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souffler
vi
blow; (haleter) puff. vt (bougie) blow out; (poussière, fumée) blow; (verre) blow; (par explosion) destroy; (chuchoter) whisper; ~ la réplique à prompt.

souffleur, -euse nm, f (Théât) prompter.

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souffrance
nf
suffering; en ~ (affaire) pending.

souffrant, ~e a unwell.

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souffrir
vi
suffer (de from ) . vt (endurer) suffer; il ne peut pas le ~ he cannot stand ou bear him.

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soufre
nm
sulphur.

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souhait
nm
wish; à tes ~s! bless you!; paisible à ~ incredibly peaceful.

souhaitable a desirable.

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souhaiter
vt
~ qch à qn wish sb sth; ~ que/faire hope that/to do; ~ la bienvenue à qn welcome sb.

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soûl
~e a
drunk. nm tout son ~ as much as one can.

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soulagement
nm
relief.

soulager vt relieve.

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soûler
vt
make drunk.

se ~ vpr get drunk.

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soulèvement
nm
uprising.

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soulever
vt
lift, raise; (question, poussière) raise; (enthousiasme) arouse; (foule) stir up.

se ~ vpr lift ou raise oneself up; (se révolter) rise up.

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soulier
nm
shoe.

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souligner
vt
underline; (yeux) outline; (taille) emphasize.

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soumettre
vt
(assujettir) subject (à to ) (présenter) submit (à to ) .

se ~ vpr submit (à to ) .

soumis, ~e a submissive.

soumission nf submission.

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soupape
nf
valve.

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soupçon
nm
suspicion; un ~ de (un peu de) a touch of.

soupçonner vt suspect.

soupçonneux, -euse a suspicious.

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soupe
nf
soup.

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souper
vi
have supper. nm supper.

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soupeser
vt
judge the weight of; (fig) weigh up.

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soupière
nf
(soup) tureen.

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soupir
nm
sigh; pousser un ~ heave a sigh.

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soupirer
vi
sigh.

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souple
a
supple; (règlement, caractère) flexible.

souplesse nf suppleness; (de règlement) flexibility.

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source
nf
(de rivière, origine) source; (eau) spring; prendre sa ~ à rise in; de ~ sûre from a reliable source; ~ thermale hot spring.

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sourcil
nm
eyebrow.

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sourciller
vi
sans ~ without batting an eyelid.

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sourd
~e a
deaf; (bruit, douleur) dull; faire la ~e oreille turn a deaf ear. nm, f deaf person.

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sourd-muet
(pl sourds-muets )

sourde-muette (pl sourdesmuettes ) a deaf and dumb. nm, f deafmute.

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souricière
nf
mousetrap; (fig) trap.

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sourire
vi
smile (à at ) ~ à (fortune) smile on. nm smile; garder le ~ keep smiling.

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souris
nf
mouse; des ~ mice.

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sournois
~e a
sly, underhand.

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sous
prép
under, beneath; ~ la main handy; ~ la pluie in the rain; ~ peu shortly; ~ terre underground.

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sous-alimenté
~e a
undernourished.

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souscription
nf
subscription.

souscrire vi ~ à subscribe to.

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sous-entendre
vt
imply.

sous-entendu nm innuendo, insinuation.

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sous-estimer
vt
underestimate.

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sous-jacent
~e a
underlying.

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sous-marin
~e a
underwater; (plongée) deep-sea. nm submarine.

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soussigné
~e a & nm, f
undersigned.

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sous-sol
nm
(cave) basement.

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sous-titre
nm
subtitle.

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soustraction
nf
(déduction) subtraction.

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soustraire
vt
(déduire) subtract; (retirer) take away (à from ) .

se ~ à vpr escape from.

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sous-traitant
nm
subcontractor.

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sous-verre
nm inv
glass mount.

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sous-vêtement
nm
underwear.

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soute
nf
(de bateau) hold; ~à charbon coal-bunker.

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soutenir
vt
support; (effort, rythme) sustain; (résister à) withstand; ~ que maintain that.

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soutenu
~e a
(constant) sustained; (style) formal.

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souterrain
~e a
underground. nm underground passage.

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soutien
nm
support.

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soutien-gorge
(pl soutiensgorge ) nm
bra.

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soutirer
vt
~ à qn extract from sb.

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souvenir1
nm
memory, recollection; (objet) memento; (cadeau) souvenir; en ~ de in memory of.

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souvenir2se
vpr
se ~ de remember; se ~ que remember that.

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souvent
adv
often.

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souverain
~e a
sovereign. nm, f sovereign.

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soviétique
a
Soviet.

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soyeux
-euse a
silky.

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spacieux
-ieuse a
spacious.

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sparadrap
nm
(sticking) plaster.

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spatial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
space.

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speaker
~ine nm, f
announcer.

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spécial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
special; (bizarre) odd.

spécialement adv (exprès) specially; (très) especially.

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spécialiser
(se ) vpr
specialize (dans in ) .

spécialiste nmf specialist.

spécialité nf speciality; (US) specialty.

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spécifier
vt
specify.

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spécifique
a
specific.

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spécimen
nm
specimen.

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spectacle
nm
show; (vue) sight, spectacle.

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spectaculaire
a
spectacular.

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spectateur
-trice nm, f
(Sport) spectator; (témoin oculaire) onlooker; les ~s (Théât) the audience (+sg ) .

spectre nm (revenant) spectre; (images) spectrum.

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spéculateur
-trice nm, f
speculator.

spéculation nf speculation.

spéculer vi speculate.

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spéléologie
nf
cave exploration, pot-holing.

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spermatozoïde
nm
spermatozoon.

sperme nm sperm.

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sphère
nf
sphere.

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spirale
nf
spiral.

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spirituel
~le a
spiritual; (amusant) witty.

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spiritueux
nm
(alcool) spirit.

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splendeur
nf
splendour.

splendide a splendid.

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sponsoriser
vt
sponsor.

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spontané
~e a
spontaneous.

spontanéité nf spontaneity.

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sport
a inv
(vêtements) casual. nm sport; veste/voiture de ~ sports jacket/car.

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sportif
-ive a
(personne) sporty; (physique) athletic; (résultats) sports. nm, f sportsman, sportswoman.

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spot
nm
spotlight; (~ publicitaire ) ad.

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square
nm
small public garden.

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squatter
vt
squat in.

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squelette
nm
skeleton.

squelettique a skeletal; (maigre) all skin and bone; (rapport) sketchy.

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stabiliser
vt
stabilize.

stable a stable.

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stade
nm
(Sport) stadium; (phase) stage.

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stage
nm
(cours) course; (professionnel) placement.

stagiaire nmf course member; (apprenti) trainee.

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stagner
vi
stagnate.

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stand
nm
stand; (de fête foraine) stall; ~ de tir shooting range.

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standard
nm
switchboard. a inv standard.

standardiser vt standardize.

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standardiste
nmf
switchboard operator.

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standing
nm
status, standing; de ~ (hôtel) luxury.

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starter
nm
(Auto) choke.

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station
nf
station; (halte) stop; ~ debout standing position; ~ de taxis taxi rank; ~ balnéaire / de ski seaside/ski resort; ~ thermale spa.

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stationnaire
a
stationary.

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stationnement
nm
parking.

stationner vi park.

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station-service
(pl stations-service ) nf
service station.

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statique
a
static.

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statistique
nf
statistic; (science) statistics (+sg. ) a statistical.

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statue
nf
statue.

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statuer
vi
~ sur give a ruling on.

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statut
nm
status.

statutaire a statutory.

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sténo
nf
(sténographie) shorthand.

sténodactylo nf shorthand typist.

sténographie nf shorthand.

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stéréo
nf & a inv
stereo.

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stéréotype
nm
stereotype.

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stérile
a
sterile.

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stérilet
nm
coil, IUD.

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stérilisation
nf
sterilization.

stériliser vt sterilize.

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stéroïde
a & nm
steroid.

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stimulant
nm
stimulus; (médicament) stimulant.

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stimulateur
nm
~ cardiaque (Méd) pacemaker.

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stimuler
vt
stimulate.

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stipuler
vt
stipulate.

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stock
nm
stock.

stocker vt stock.

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stoïque
a
stoical. nmf stoic.

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stop
interj
stop. nm stop sign; (feu arrière) brake light; faire du ~ fam hitch-hike.

stopper vt/i stop.

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store
nm
blind; (de magasin) awning.

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strapontin
nm
folding seat, jump seat.

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stratégie
nf
strategy.

stratégique a strategic.

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stress
nm
stress.

stressant, ~e a stressful.

stressé, ~e a stressed.

stresser vt put under stress.

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strict
a
strict; (tenue, vérité) plain; le ~ minimum the bare minimum.

strictement adv strictly.

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strident
~e a
shrill.

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strophe
nf
stanza, verse.

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structure
nf
structure.

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studieux
-ieuse a
studious.

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studio
nm
(d'artiste, de télévision) studio; (logement) studio flat.

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stupéfaction
nf
amazement.

stupéfait, ~e a amazed.

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stupéfiant
~e a
astounding. nm drug, narcotic.

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stupéfier
vt
amaze.

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stupeur
nf
amazement; (Méd) stupor.

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stupide
a
stupid.

stupidité nf stupidity.

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style
nm
style.

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styliste
nmf
fashion designer.

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stylo
nm
pen; ~ (à) bille ball-point pen; ~ (à) encre fountain pen.

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su
SAVOIR .

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suave
a
sweet.

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subalterne
a & nmf
subordinate.

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subconscient
nm
subconscious.

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subir
vt
be subjected to; (traitement, expériences) undergo.

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subit
~e a
sudden.

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subjectif
-ive a
subjective.

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subjonctif
nm
subjunctive.

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subjuguer
vt
(charmer) captivate.

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sublime
a
sublime.

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submerger
vt
submerge; (fig) overwhelm.

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subordonné
~e a & nm, f
subordinate.

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subside
nm
grant.

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subsidiaire
a
subsidiary; question ~ tiebreaker.

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subsistance
nf
subsistence.

subsister vi subsist; (durer, persister) exist.

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substance
nf
substance.

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substantiel
~le a
substantial.

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substantif
nm
noun.

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substituer
vt
substitute (à for ) .

se ~ à vpr (remplacer) substitute for.

substitut nm substitute; (Jur) deputy public prosecutor.

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subtil
~e a
subtle.

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subtiliser
vt
~ qch (à) qn ) steal sth.

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subvenir
vi
~ à provide for.

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subvention
nf
subsidy.

subventionner vt subsidize.

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subversif
-ive a
subversive.

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suc
nm
juice.

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succédané
nm
substitute (de for ) .

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succéder
vi
~ à succeed.

se ~ vpr succeed one another.

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succès
nm
success; à ~ (film, livre,) successful; avoir du ~ be a success.

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successeur
nm
successor.

successif, -ive a successive.

succession nf succession; (Jur) inheritance.

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succinct
~e a
succinct.

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succomber
vi
die; ~ à succumb to.

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succulent
~e a
delicious.

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succursale
nf
(Comm) branch.

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sucer
vt
suck.

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sucette
nf
(bonbon) lollipop; (tétine) dummy; (US) pacifier.

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sucre
nm
sugar; ~ d'orge barley sugar; ~ en poudre caster sugar; ~ glace icing sugar; ~ roux brown sugar.

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sucré
a
sweet; (additionné de sucre) sweetened.

sucrer vt sugar, sweeten.

sucreries nfpl sweets.

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sucrier
-ière a
sugar. nm (récipient) sugar-bowl.

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sud
nm
south. a inv south; (partie) southern.

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sud-est
nm
south-east.

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sud-ouest
nm
southwest.

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Suède
nf
Sweden.

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suédois
~e a
Swedish. nm (Ling) Swedish.

S~, ~e nm, f Swede.

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suer
vt/i
sweat; faire ~ qn fam get on sb's nerves.

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sueur
nf
sweat; en ~ covered in sweat.

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suffire
vi
be enough (à qn for sb ) il suffit de compter all you have to do is count; une goutte suffit a drop is enough; ~ à (besoin) satisfy.

se ~ vpr se ~ à soi-même be self-sufficient.

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suffisamment
adv
sufficiently; ~ de qch enough of sth.

suffisance nf (vanité) conceit.

suffisant, ~e a sufficient; (vaniteux) conceited.

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suffixe
nm
suffix.

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suffoquer
vt/i
choke, suffocate.

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suffrage
nm
(voix: Pol) vote; (système) suffrage.

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suggérer
vt
suggest.

suggestion nf suggestion.

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suicidaire
a
suicidal.

suicide nm suicide.

suicider (se ) vpr commit suicide.

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suinter
vi
ooze.

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suis
ÊTRE SUIVRE .

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Suisse
nf
Switzerland. nmf Swiss.

suisse a Swiss.

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suite
nf
continuation, rest; (d'un film) sequel; (série) series; (appartement, escorte) suite; (résultat) consequence; à la ~, de ~ (successivement) in a row; à la ~ de (derrière) behind; à la ~ de, par ~ de (en conséquence) as a result of; faire ~ (à) follow; par la ~ afterwards; ~ à votre lettre du further to your letter of the; des ~s de as a result of.

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suivant1

~e a following, next. nm, f following ou next person.

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suivant2
prép
(selon) according to.

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suivi
~e a
(effort) steady, sustained; (cohérent) consistent; peu/très ~ (cours) poorly/well attended.

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suivre
vt/i
follow; (comprendre) follow; faire ~ (courrier) forward.

se ~ vpr follow each other.

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sujet
~te a
~ à liable ou subject to. nm (d'un royaume) subject; (question) subject; (motif) cause; (Gram) subject; au ~ de about.

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super
nm
(essence) fourstar. a inv fam (très) great. adv fam ultra, really.

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superbe
a
superb.

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supérette
nf
minimarket.

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superficie
nf
area.

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superficiel
~le a
superficial.

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superflu
a
superfluous. nm (excédent) surplus.

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supérieur
~e a
(plus haut) upper; (quantité, nombre) greater (à than ) (études, principe) higher (à than ) (meilleur, hautain) superior (à to ) . nm, f superior.

supériorité nf superiority.

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superlatif
-ive a & nm
superlative.

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supermarché
nm
supermarket.

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superposer
vt
superimpose; lits superposés bunk beds.

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superproduction
/sypE r
p r Odyksjï/ nf (film) blockbuster.

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superpuissance
nf
superpower.

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superstitieux
-ieuse a
superstitious.

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superviser
vt
supervise.

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suppléant
~e nmf & a
(professeur ~ ) supply teacher; (juge) ~ deputy (judge) .

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suppléer
vt
(remplacer) fill in for. vi ~ à (compenser) make up for.

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supplément
nm
(argent) extra charge; (de frites, légumes) extra portion; en ~ extra; un ~ de (travail) additional; payer un ~ pay a supplement.

supplémentaire a extra, additional.

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supplice
nm
torture.

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supplier
vt
beg, beseech (de to ) .

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support
nm
support; (Ordinat) medium.

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supportable
a
bearable.

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supporter1
vt
(privations) bear; (personne) put up with; (structureOrdinat) : support; il ne supporte pas les enfants/de perdre he can't stand children/losing.

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supporter2
nm
(Sport) supporter.

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supposer
vt
suppose; (impliquer) imply; à ~ que supposing that.

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suppression
nf
(de taxe) abolition; (de sanction) lifting; (de mot) deletion.

supprimer vt (allocation) withdraw; (contrôle) lift; (train) cancel; (preuve) suppress.

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suprématie
nf
supremacy.

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suprême
a
supreme.

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sur
prép
on, upon; (pardessus) over; (au sujet de) about, on; (proportion) out of; (mesure) by; ~ la photo in the photograph; mettre / jeter ~ put/throw on to; ~ mesure made to measure; ~ place on the spot; ~ ce, je pars with that, I must go; ~ le moment at the time.

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sûr
a
certain, sure; (sans danger) safe; (digne de confiance) reliable; (main) steady; (jugement) sound; être ~ de soi be self-confident; j'en étais ~! I knew it!

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surabondance
nf
overabundance.

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surcharge
nf
overloading; (poids) excess load.

surcharger vt overload; (texte) alter.

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surchauffer
vt
overheat.

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surcroît
nm
increase (de in ) de ~ in addition.

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surdité
nf
deafness.

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surélever
vt
raise.

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sûrement
adv
certainly; (sans danger) safely; il a ~ oublié he must have forgotten.

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surenchère
nf
higher bid.

surenchérir vi bid higher (sur than ) .

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surestimer
vt
overestimate.

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sûreté
nf
safety; (de pays) security; (d'un geste) steadiness; être en ~ be safe; S~ (nationale) police (+pl ) .

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surexcité
~e a
very excited.

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surf
nm
surfing.

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surface
nf
surface; faire ~ (sous-marin , fig) surface; en ~ on the surface.

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surfait
~e a
overrated.

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surfer
vi
go surfing; ~ sur l'Internet surf the Internet.

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surgelé
~e a
(deep-) frozen; aliments ~s frozen food (+sg ) .

surgir vi appear (suddenly) (difficulté) crop up.

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sur-le-champ
adv
right away.

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surlendemain
nm
le ~ two days later; le ~ de two days after.

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surligneur
nm
highlighter (pen) .

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surmenage
nm
overwork.

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surmonter
vt
(vaincre) overcome, surmount; (être au-dessus de) surmount, top.

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surnaturel
~le a
supernatural.

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surnom
nm
nickname.

surnommer vt nickname.

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surpeuplé
~e a
overpopulated.

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surplomber
vt/i
overhang.

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surplus
nm
surplus.

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suprenant
~e a
surprising.

surprendre vt (étonner) surprise; (prendre au dépourvu) catch, surprise; (entendre) overhear.

surpris, ~e a surprised (de at ) .

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surprise
nf
surprise.

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surréaliste
a & nmf
surrealist.

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sursaut
nm
start, jump; en ~ with a start; ~ de (regain) burst of.

sursauter vi start, jump.

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sursis
nm
reprieve; (Mil) deferment; deux ans (de prison) avec ~ a two-year suspended sentence.

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surtaxe
nf
surcharge.

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surtout
adv
especially; (avant tout) above all; ~ pas certainly not.

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surveillance
nf
watch; (d'examen) supervision; (de la police) surveillance.

surveillant, ~e nm, f (de prison) warder; (au lycée) supervisor (in charge of discipline) .

surveiller vt watch; (travaux, élèves) supervise.

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survenir
vi
occur, take place; (personne) turn up.

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survêtement
nm
(Sport) tracksuit.

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survie
nf
survival.

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survivant
~e a
surviving. nm, f survivor.

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survivre
vi
survive; ~ à (conflit) survive; (personne) outlive.

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survoler
vt
fly over; (livre) skim through.

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sus:
en ~ loc
in addition.

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susceptible
a
touchy; ~ de faire likely to do.

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susciter
vt
(éveiller) arouse; (occasionner) create.

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suspect
~e a
(individu, faits) suspicious; (témoignage) suspect; ~ de suspected of. nm, f suspect.

suspecter vt suspect.

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suspendre
vt
(accrocher) hang (up) (interrompre, destituer) suspend; suspendu à hanging from.

se ~ à vpr hang from.

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suspens:
en ~ loc
(affaire) outstanding; (dans l'indécision) in suspense.

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suspense
nm
suspense.

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suture
nf
point de ~ stitch.

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svelte
a
slender.

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S.V.P.
abrév
(s'il vous plaît ) please.

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syllabe
nf
syllable.

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symbole
nm
symbol.

symboliser vt symbolize.

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symétrie
nf
symmetry.

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sympa
a inv
fam nice; sois ~ be a pal.

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sympathie
nf
(goût) liking; (compassion) sympathy; avoir de la ~ pour like.

sympathique a nice, pleasant.

sympathisant, ~e nm, f sympathizer.

sympathiser vi get on well (avec with ) .

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symphonie
nf
symphony.

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symptôme
nm
symptom.

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synagogue
nf
synagogue.

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synchroniser
vt
synchronize.

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syncope
nf
(Méd) blackout.

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syndic
nm
~ (d'immeuble) property manager.

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syndicaliste
nmf
(trade-) unionist. a (trade-) union.

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syndicat
nm
(trade) union; ~ d'initiative tourist office.

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syndiqué
~e a
être ~ be a (trade-) union member.

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synonyme
a
synonymous. nm synonym.

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syntaxe
nf
syntax.

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synthèse
nf
synthesis.

synthétique a synthetic.

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synthé
(tiseur ) nm
synthesizer.

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systématique
a
systematic.

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système
nm
system; le ~ D fam resourcefulness.

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T

t'
TE.

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ta
TON 1.

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tabac
nm
tobacco; (magasin) tobacconist's shop.

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table
nf
table; à ~! dinner is ready!; ~ de nuit bedside table; ~ des matières table of contents; ~ à repasser ironing board; ~ roulante (tea-) trolley; (US) (serving) cart.

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tableau
(pl ~x ) nm
picture; (peinture) painting; (panneau) board; (graphique) chart; (Scol) blackboard; ~ d'affichage notice-board; ~ de bord dashboard.

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tablette
nf
shelf; ~ de chocolat bar of chocolate.

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tableur
nm
spreadsheet.

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tablier
nm
apron; (de pont) platform; (de magasin) shutter.

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tabou
nm & a
taboo.

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tabouret
nm
stool.

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tache
nf
mark, spot; (salissure) stain; faire ~ d'huile spread; ~ de rousseur freckle.

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tâche
nf
task, job.

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tacher
vt
stain.

se ~ vpr (personne) get oneself dirty.

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tâcher
vi
~ de faire try to do.

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tacheté
~e a
spotted.

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tact
nm
tact.

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tactique
a
tactical. nf (Mil) tactics; une ~ a tactic.

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taie
nf
~ (d'oreiller) pillowcase.

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taille
nf
(milieu du corps) waist; (hauteur) height; (grandeur) size; de ~ sizeable; être de ~ à faire be up to doing.

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taille-crayons
nm inv
pencil-sharpener.

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tailler
vt
cut; (arbre) prune; (crayon) sharpen; (vêtement) cut out.

se ~ vpr p clear off.

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tailleur
nm
(costume) woman's suit; (couturier) tailor; en ~ cross-legged; ~ de pierre stone-cutter.

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taire
vt
not to reveal; faire ~ silence.

se ~ vpr be silent ou quiet; (devenir silencieux) fall silent.

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talc
nm
talcum powder.

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talent
nm
talent.

talentueux, -euse a talented, gifted.

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talon
nm
heel; (de chèque) stub.

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tambour
nm
drum; (d'église) vestibule.

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Tamise
nf
Thames.

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tampon
nm
(de bureau) stamp; (ouate) wad, pad; d (hygiénique ) tampon.

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tamponner
vt
(document) stamp; (véhicule) crash into; (plaie) swab.

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tandem
nm
(vélo) tandem; (personnes: fig) duo.

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tandis que
conj
while.

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tanière
nf
den.

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tant
adv
(travailler, manger) so much; ~ de (quantité) so much; (nombre) so many; ~ que as long as; en ~ que as; ~ mieux! all the better!; ~ pis! too bad!

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tante
nf
aunt.

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tantôt
adv
sometimes.

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tapage
nm
din.

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tape
nf
slap.

tape-à-l'œil a inv flashy, tawdry.

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taper
vt
hit; (prendrefam) scrounge; ~ (à la machine) type. vi (cogner) bang; (soleil) beat down; ~ dans (puiser dans) dig into; ~ sur hit; ~ sur l'épaule de qn tap sb on the shoulder.

se ~ vpr (corvéefam) get stuck with fam.

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tapis
nm
carpet; (petit) rug; ~ de bain bathmat; ~ roulant (pour objets) conveyor belt; (pour piétons) moving walkway.

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tapisser
vt
(wall) paper; (fig) cover (de with ) .

tapisserie nf tapestry; (papier peint) wallpaper.

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taquin
~e a
fond of teasing. nm, f tease (r) .

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tard
adv
late; au plus ~ at the latest; plus ~ later; sur le ~ late in life.

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tarder
vi
(être lent à venir) be a long time coming; ~ (à faire) take a long time (doing) , delay (doing) sans (plus) ~ without (further) delay; il me tarde de I'm longing to.

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tardif
-ive a
late.

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tare
nf
(défaut) defect.

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tarif
nm
rate; (de train, taxi) fare; plein ~ full price.

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tarir
vt/i
dry up.

se ~ vpr dry up.

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tarte
nf
tart. a inv (ridiculefam) ridiculous.

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tartine
nf
slice of bread; ~ de beurre slice of bread and butter.

tartiner vt spread.

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tartre
nm
(de bouilloire) fur, scale; (sur les dents) tartar.

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tas
nm
pile, heap; un ou des ~ de fam lots of.

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tasse
nf
cup; ~ à thé teacup.

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tasser
vt
pack, squeeze; (terre) pack (down) .

se ~ vpr (terrain) sink; (se serrer) squeeze up.

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tâter
vt
feel; (opinion: fig) sound out. vi ~ de try out.

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tatillon
~ne a
finicky.

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tâtonnements
nmpl
(essais) trial and error (+sg ) .

tâtons: à ~ loc avancer à ~ grope one's way along.

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tatouage
nm
(dessin) tattoo.

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taupe
nf
mole.

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taureau
(pl ~x ) nm
bull; le T~ Taurus.

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taux
nm
rate.

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taxe
nf
tax.

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taxi
nm
taxi (-cab) (personnefam) taxi driver.

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taxiphone
Ò nm
pay phone.

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Tchécoslovaquie
nf
Czechoslovakia.

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tchèque
a
Czech; République ~ Czech Republic.

T~ nmf Czech.

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te
t' pron
you; (indirect) (to) you; (réfléchi) yourself.

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technicien
~ne nm, f
technician.

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technique
a
technical. nf technique.

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techno
nf
(Mus) techno.

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technologie
nf
technology.

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teindre
vt
dye.

se ~ vpr se ~ les cheveux dye one's hair.

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teint
nm
complexion.

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teinte
nf
shade.

teinter vt (verre) tint; (bois) stain.

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teinture
nf
(produit) dye.

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teinturier
-ière nm, f
dry-cleaner.

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tel
~le a
such; un ~ livre such a book; ~ que such as, like; (ainsi que) (just) as; ~ ou ~ suchand- such; ~ quel (just) as it is.

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télé
nf
fam TV.

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télécharger
vt
(Ordinat) download.

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télécommande
nf
remote control.

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télécommunications
/telekOmynikasjï/ nfpl
telecommunications.

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téléconférence
nf
teleconferencing.

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télécopie
nf
fax.

télécopieur nm fax machine.

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téléfilm
nm
TV film.

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télégramme
nm
telegram.

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télégraphier
vt/i
~ (à) cable.

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téléguidé
~e a
radiocontrolled.

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télématique
nf
telematics (+sg ) .

téléphérique nm cable car.

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téléphone
nm
(tele-) phone; ~ à carte cardphone.

téléphoner vt/i ~ (à) (tele) phone.

téléphonique a (tele) phone.

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téléserveur
nm
(Internet) remote server.

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télésiège
nm
chairlift.

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téléski
nm
ski tow.

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téléspectateur
-trice nm, f
(television) viewer.

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télévente
nf
telesales (+pl ) .

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télévisé
~e a
(débat) televised; émission ~e television programme.

télévision nf television.

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télex
nm
telex.

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tellement
adv
(tant) so much; (si) so; ~ de (quantité) so much; (nombre) so many.

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téméraire
a
(personne) reckless.

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témoignage
nm
testimony, evidence; (récit) account; ~ de (marque) token of.

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témoigner
vi
testify (de to ) . vt (montrer) show; ~ que testify that.

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témoin
nm
witness; (Sport) baton; être ~ de witness; ~ oculaire eyewitness.

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tempe
nf
(Anat) temple.

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tempérament
nm
temperament, disposition.

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température
nf
temperature.

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tempête
nf
storm; ~ de neige snowstorm.

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temple
nm
temple; (protestant) church.

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temporaire
a
temporary.

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temps
nm
(notion) time; (Gram) tense; (étape) stage; à ~ partiel / plein part-/full-time; ces derniers ~ lately; dans le ~ at one time; dans quelque ~ in a while; de ~ en ~ from time to time; ~ d'arrêt pause; avoir tout son ~ have plenty of time; (météo) weather; ~ de chien filthy weather; quel ~ fait-il? what's the weather like?

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tenace
a
stubborn.

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tenaille
nf
pincers (+pl ) .

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tendance
nf
tendency; (évolution) trend; avoir ~ à tend to.

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tendon
nm
tendon.

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tendre1
vt
stretch; (piège) set; (bras) stretch out; (main) hold out; (cou) crane; ~ qch à qn hold sth out to sb; ~ l'oreille prick up one's ears. vi ~ à tend to.

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tendre2
a
tender; (couleur, bois) soft.

tendresse nf tenderness.

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tendu
~e a
(corde) tight; (personne, situation) tense.

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ténèbres
nfpl
darkness (+sg ) .

teneur nf content.

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tenir
vt
hold; (pari, promesse, hôtel) keep; (place) take up; (propos) utter; (rôle) play; ~ de (avoir reçu de) have got from; ~ pour regard as; ~ chaud keep warm; ~ compte de take into account; ~ le coup hold out; ~ tête à stand up to. vi hold; ~ à be attached to; ~ à faire be anxious to do; ~ bon stand firm; ~ dans fit into; ~ de qn take after sb; tiens! (surprise) hey!

se ~ vpr (debout) stand; (avoir lieu) be held; se ~ à hold on to; s'en ~ à (se limiter à) confine oneself to.

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tennis
nm
tennis; ~ de table table tennis. nmpl (chaussures) sneakers.

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ténor
nm
tenor.

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tension
nf
tension; avoir de la ~ have high bloodpressure.

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tentation
nf
temptation.

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tentative
nf
attempt.

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tente
nf
tent.

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tenter
vt
(allécher) tempt; (essayer) try (de faire to do ) .

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tenture
nf
curtain; ~s draperies.

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tenu
~e a
bien ~ well kept; ~ de required. TENIR .

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tenue
nf
(habillement) dress; (de maison) upkeep; (conduite) (good) behaviour; (maintien) posture; ~ de soirée evening dress.

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Tergal
Ò nm
TeryleneÒ.

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terme
nm
(mot) term; (date limite) time-limit; (fin) end; né avant ~ premature; à long/court ~ long-/short-term; en bons ~s on good terms (avec with ) .

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terminaison
nf
(Gram) ending.

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terminal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
terminal. nm terminal.

terminale nf (Scol) c sixth form; (US) twelfth grade.

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terminer
vt/i
finish; (discours) end, finish.

se ~ vpr end (par with ) .

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terne
a
dull, drab.

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ternir
vt/i
tarnish.

se ~ vpr tarnish.

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terrain
nm
ground; (parcelle) piece of land; (à bâtir) plot; ~ d'aviation airfield; ~ de camping campsite; ~ de golf golf course; ~ de jeu playground; ~ vague waste ground.

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terrasse
nf
terrace; à la ~ (d'un café) outside (a café) .

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terrasser
vt
(adversaire) knock down; (maladie) strike down.

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terre
nf
(planète, matière) earth; (étendue, pays) land; (sol) ground; à ~ (Naut) ashore; par ~ (dehors) on the ground; (dedans) on the floor; ~ (cuite) terracotta; la ~ ferme dry land; ~ glaise clay.

terreau (pl ~x ) nm compost.

terre-plein (pl terres-pleins ) nm platform; (de route) central reservation.

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terrestre
a
(animaux) land; (de notre planète) of the Earth.

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terreur
nf
terror.

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terrible
a
terrible; (formidablefam) terrific.

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terrier
nm
(trou) burrow; (chien) terrier.

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terrifier
vt
terrify.

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territoire
nm
territory.

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terroir
nm
land; du ~ local.

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terroriser
vt
terrorize.

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terrorisme
nm
terrorism.

terroriste nmf terrorist.

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tertiaire
a
(secteur) service.

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tes
TON 1.

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test
nm
test.

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testament
nm
(Jur) will; (politique, artistique) testament; Ancien/Nouveau T~ Old/New Testament.

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tétanos
nm
tetanus.

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têtard
nm
tadpole.

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tête
nf
head; (visage) face; (cheveux) hair; à la ~ de at the head of; à ~ reposée at one's leisure; de ~ (calculer) in one's head; faire la ~ sulk; tenir ~ à qn stand up to sb; il n'en fait qu'à sa ~ he does just as he pleases; en ~ (Sport) in the lead; faire une ~ (au football) head the ball; une forte ~ a rebel; la ~ la première head first; de la ~ aux pieds from head to toe.

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tête-à-tête
nm inv
têteà- tête; en ~ in private.

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tétée
nf
feed.

téter vt/i suck.

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tétine
nf
(de biberon) teat; (sucette) dummy; (US) pacifier.

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têtu
~e a
stubborn.

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texte
nm
text; (de leçon) subject; (morceau choisi) passage.

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texteur
nm
(Ordinat) word-processor.

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textile
nm & a
textile.

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TGV
abrév m
(train à grande vitesse ) TGV, high-speed train.

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thé
nm
tea.

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théâtre
nm
theatre; (d'un crime) scene; faire du ~ act.

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théière
nf
teapot.

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thème
nm
theme; (traduction: Scol) prose.

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théorie
nf
theory.

théorique a theoretical.

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thérapie
nf
therapy.

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thermique
a
thermal.

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thermomètre
nm
thermometer.

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thermos®
nm ou f
Thermos ® (flask) .

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thermostat
nm
thermostat.

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thèse
nf
thesis.

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thon
nm
tuna.

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thym
nm
thyme.

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tibia
nm
shinbone.

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tic
nm
(contraction) tic, twitch; (manie) habit.

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ticket
nm
ticket.

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tiède
a
lukewarm; (nuit) warm.

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tiédir
vt/i
(faire) ~ warm up.

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tien
~ne pron
le ~, la ~ne, les ~ (ne) s yours; à la ~ne! cheers!

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tiens
tient TENIR .

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tiercé
nm
place-betting.

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tiers
tierce a
third. nm (fraction) third; (personne) third party.

tiers-monde nm Third World.

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tige
nf
(Bot) stem, stalk; (en métal) shaft, rod.

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tigre
nm
tiger.

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tigresse
nf
tigress.

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tilleul
nm
lime tree, linden tree; (infusion) linden tea.

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timbre
nm
stamp; (sonnette) bell; (de voix) tone.

~ poste (pl ~s poste ) nm postage stamp.

timbrer vt stamp.

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timide
a
shy, timid.

timidité nf shyness.

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timoré
~e a
timorous.

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tintement
nm
(de sonnette) ringing; (de clés) jingling.

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tique
nf
tick.

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tir
nm
(Sport) shooting; (action de tirer) firing; (feu, rafale) fire; ~ à l'arc archery; ~ au pigeon clay pigeon shooting.

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tirage
nm
(de photo) printing; (de journal) circulation; (de livre) edition; (Ordinat) hard copy; (de cheminée) draught; ~ au sort draw.

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tire-bouchon
(pl ~s ) nm
corkscrew.

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tirelire
nf
piggy bank.

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tirer
vt
pull; (langue) stick out; (conclusion, trait, rideaux) draw; (coup de feu) fire; (gibier) shoot; (photo) print; ~ de (sortir) take ou get out of; (extraire) extract from; (plaisir, nom) derive from; ~ parti de take advantage of; ~ profit de profit from; se faire ~ l'oreille get told off. vi shoot, fire (sur at ) ~ sur (corde) pull at; (couleur) verge on; ~ à sa fin be drawing to a close; ~ au clair clarify; ~ au sort draw lots (for) .

se ~ vpr fam clear off; se ~ de get out of; s'en ~ (en réchapper) pull through; (réussirfam) cope.

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tiret
nm
dash.

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tireur
nm
gunman; ~ d'élite marksman; ~ isolé sniper.

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tiroir
nm
drawer.

tiroircaisse (pl tiroirs-caisses ) nm till, cash register.

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tisane
nf
herbal tea.

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tissage
nm
weaving.

tisser vt weave.

tisserand nm weaver.

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tissu
nm
fabric, material; (biologique) tissue; un ~ de mensonges (fig) a pack of lies.

tissu-éponge (pl tissuséponge ) nm towelling.

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titre
nm
title; (diplôme) qualification; (Comm) bond; ~s (droits) claims; (gros) ~s headlines; à ~ d'exemple as an example; à juste ~ rightly; à ~ privé in a private capacity; à double ~ on two accounts; ~ de propriété title deed.

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tituber
vi
stagger.

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titulaire
a
être ~ be a permanent staff member; être ~ de hold. nmf (de permis) holder.

titulariser vt give permanent status to.

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toast
nm
(pain) piece of toast; (canapé, allocution) toast.

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toboggan
nm
(de jeu) slide; (Auto) flyover.

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toi
pron
you; (réfléchi) yourself; dépêche-~ hurry up.

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toile
nf
cloth; (tableau) canvas; ~ d'araignée cobweb; ~ de fond (fig) backdrop; la ~ (Internet) the Web.

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toilette
nf
(habillement) outfit; ~s (cabinets) toilet (s) de ~ (articles, savon) toilet; faire sa ~ have a wash.

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toi-même
pron
yourself.

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toit
nm
roof; ~ ouvrant (Auto) sunroof.

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toiture
nf
roof.

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tôle
nf
(plaque) iron sheet; ~ ondulée corrugated iron.

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tolérant
~e a
tolerant.

tolérer vt tolerate.

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tomate
nf
tomato.

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tombe
nf
grave; (pierre) gravestone.

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tombeau
(pl ~x ) nm
tomb.

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tomber
vi
(aux être) fall; (fièvre, vent) drop; faire ~ knock over; (gouvernement) bring down; laisser ~ (objet, amoureux) drop; (collègue) let down; (activité) give up; laisse ~! fam forget it!; ~ à l'eau (projet) fall through; ~ bien ouà point come at the right time; ~ en panne break down; ~ en syncope faint; ~ sur (trouver) run across.

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tombola
nf
tombola; (US) lottery.

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tome
nm
volume.

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ton1
, ta (ton before vowel or mute h) (pl tes ) a
your.

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ton2
nm
(hauteur de voix) pitch; d'un ~ sec drily; de bon ~ in good taste.

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tonalité
nf
(Mus) key; (de téléphone) dialling tone; (US) dial tone.

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tondeuse
nf
(à moutons) shears (+pl ) (à cheveux) clippers (+pl ) ~ à gazon lawn-mower.

tondre vt (herbe) mow; (mouton) shear; (cheveux) clip.

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tonne
nf
tonne.

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tonneau
(pl ~x ) nm
barrel; (en voiture) somersault.

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tonnerre
nm
thunder.

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tonton
nm
fam uncle.

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tonus
nm
energy.

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torche
nf
torch.

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torchon
nm
(pour la vaisselle) tea towel.

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tordre
vt
twist.

se ~ vpr se ~ la cheville twist one's ankle; se ~ de douleur writhe in pain; se ~ (de rire) split one's sides.

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tordu
~e a
twisted, bent; (esprit) warped, twisted.

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torpille
nf
torpedo.

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torrent
nm
torrent.

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torride
a
torrid; (chaleur) scorching.

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torse
nm
chest; (Anat) torso.

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tort
nm
wrong; avoir ~ be wrong (de faire to do ) donner ~ à prove wrong; être dans son ~ be in the wrong; faire (du) ~à harm; à ~ wrongly; à ~ et à travers without thinking.

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torticolis
nm
stiff neck.

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tortiller
vt
twist, twirl.

se ~ vpr wriggle.

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tortionnaire
nm
torturer.

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tortue
nf
tortoise; (d'eau) turtle.

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tortueux
-euse a
(chemin) twisting; (explication) tortuous.

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torture
nf
torture.

torturer vt torture.

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tôt
adv
early; au plus ~ at the earliest; le plus ~ possible as soon as possible; ~ ou tard sooner or later; ce n'est pas trop ~! it's about time!

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total
~e (mpl -aux ) a
total. nm (pl -aux ) total; au ~ all in all.

totalement adv totally.

totaliser vt total.

totalitaire a totalitarian.

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totalité
nf
la ~ de all of.

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touche
nf
(de piano) key; (de peinture) touch; (ligne de) ~ (Sport) touchline.

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toucher
vt
touch; (émouvoir) move, touch; (contacter) get in touch with; (cible) hit; (argent) draw; (chèque) cash; (concerner) affect. vi ~ à touch; (question) touch on; (fin, but) approach; je vais lui en ~ deux mots I'll talk to him about it.

se ~ vpr (lignes) touch. nm (sens) touch.

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touffe
nf
(de poils, d'herbe) tuft; (de plantes) clump.

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toujours
adv
always; (encore) still; (de toute façon) anyway; pour ~ for ever; ~ est-il que the fact remains that.

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toupet
nm
(culotfam) cheek, nerve.

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tour
nf
tower; (immeuble) tower block; (échecs) rook; ~ de contrôle control tower. nm (mouvement, succession, tournure) turn; (excursion) trip; (à pied) walk; (en auto) drive; (artifice) trick; (circonférence) circumference; (Tech) lathe; ~ (de piste) lap; à ~ de rôle in turn; à mon ~ when it is my turn; c'est mon ~ de it is my turn to; faire le ~ de go round; (question) survey; ~ d'horizon survey; ~ de potier potter's wheel; ~ de taille waist measurement; (ligne) waistline.

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tourbillon
nm
whirlwind; (d'eau) whirlpool; (fig) swirl.

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tourisme
nm
tourism; faire du ~ do some sightseeing.

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touriste
nmf
tourist.

touristique a tourist; (route) scenic.

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tourmenter
vt
torment.

se ~ vpr worry.

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tournant
~e a
(qui pivote) revolving. nm bend; (fig) turning-point.

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tourne-disque
(pl ~s ) nm
record-player.

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tournée
nf
(de facteur, au café) round; c'est ma ~ I'll buy this round; (d'artiste) tour.

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tourner
vt
turn; (film) shoot, make; ~ le dos à turn one's back on; ~ en dérision mock. vi turn; (toupie, tête) spin; (moteur, usine) run; ~ autour de go round; (personne, maison) hang around; (terre) revolve round; (question) centre on; ~ de l'œil fam faint; mal ~ (affaire) turn out badly.

se ~ vpr turn.

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tournesol
nm
sunflower.

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tournevis
nm
screwdriver.

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tournoi
nm
tournament.

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tourte
nf
pie.

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tourterelle
nf
turtle dove.

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Toussaint
nf
la ~ All Saints' Day.

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tousser
vi
cough.

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tout
~e (pl tous, toutes ) nm
(ensemble) whole; en ~ in all; pas du ~! not at all! a all; (n'importe quel) any; ~ le pays the whole country, all the country; ~e la nuit/journée the whole night/day; ~ un paquet a whole pack; tous les jours every day; tous les deux ans every two years; ~ le monde everyone; tous les deux, toutes les deux both of them; tous les trois all three (of them) . pron everything; all; anything; tous toutes all; tous ensemble all together; prends ~ take everything; ~ ce que tu veux everything you want. adv (très) very; (entièrement) all; ~ au bout/début right at the end/beginning; ~ en marchant while walking; ~ à coup all of a sudden; ~ à fait quite, completely; ~ à l'heure in a moment; (passé) a moment ago; ~ au oule long de throughout; ~ au plus/moins at most/least; ~ de même all the same; ~ de suite straight away; ~ entier whole; ~ neuf brand new; ~ nu stark naked.

tout-à-l'égout nm inv main drainage.

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toutefois
adv
however.

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tout
(- )

terrain a inv all terrain.

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toux
nf
cough.

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toxicomane
nmf
drug addict.

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toxique
a
toxic.

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trac
nm
le ~ nerves; (Théât) stage fright.

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tracas
nm
worry.

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trace
nf
(traînée, piste) trail; (d'animal, de pneu) tracks; ~s de pas footprints.

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tracer
vt
draw; (écrire) write; (route) open up.

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trachée-artère
nf
windpipe.

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tracteur
nm
tractor.

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tradition
nf
tradition.

traditionnel, ~le a traditional.

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traducteur
-trice nm, f
translator.

traduction nf translation.

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traduire
vt
translate; ~ en justice take to court.

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trafic
nm
(commerce, circulation) traffic.

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trafiquant
~e nm, f
trafficker; (d'armes, de drogues) dealer.

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trafiquer
vi
traffic. vt fam (moteur) fiddle with.

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tragédie
nf
tragedy.

tragique a tragic.

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trahir
vt
betray.

trahison nf betrayal; (Mil) treason.

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train
nm
(Rail) train; (allure) pace; aller bon ~ walk briskly; en ~ de faire (busy) doing; ~ d'atterrissage undercarriage; ~ électrique (jouet) electric train set; ~ de vie lifestyle.

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traîne
nf
(de robe) train; à la ~ lagging behind.

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traîneau
(pl ~x ) nm
sleigh.

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traînée
nf
(trace) trail; (longue) streak; (femme: péj) slut.

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traîner
vt
drag (along) ~ les pieds drag one's feet. vi (pendre) trail; (rester en arrière) trail behind; (flâner) hang about; (papiers, affaires) lie around; ~ (en longueur) drag on; ça n'a pas traîné! that didn't take long!

se ~ vpr (par terre) crawl.

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traire
vt
milk.

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trait
nm
line; (en dessinant) stroke; (caractéristique) feature, trait; ~s (du visage) features; avoir ~ à relate to; d'un ~ (boire) in one gulp; ~ d'union hyphen; (fig) link.

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traite
nf
(de vache) milking; (Comm) draft; d'une (seule) ~ in one go, at a stretch.

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traité
nm
(pacte) treaty; (ouvrage) treatise.

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traitement
nm
treatment; (salaire) salary; ~ de données data processing; ~ de texte word processing.

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traiter
vt
treat; (affaire) deal with; (données, produit) process; ~ qn de lâche call sb a coward. vi deal (avec with ) ~ de (sujet) deal with.

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traiteur
nm
caterer; (boutique) delicatessen.

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traître
-esse a
treacherous. nm, f traitor.

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trajectoire
nf
path.

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trajet
nm
(voyage) journey; (itinéraire) route.

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trame
nf
(de tissu) weft; (de récit) framework.

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tramway
nm
tram; (US) streetcar.

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tranchant
~e a
sharp; (fig) cutting. nm cutting edge; à double ~ two-edged.

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tranche
nf
(rondelle) slice; (bord) edge; (d'âge, de revenu) bracket.

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tranchée
nf
trench.

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trancher
vt
cut; (question) decide; (contraster) contrast (sur with ) .

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tranquille
a
quiet; (esprit) at rest; (conscience) clear; être/laisser ~ be/leave in peace; tiens-toi ~! be quiet!

tranquillisant nm tranquillizer.

tranquilliser vt reassure.

tranquillité nf (peace and) quiet; (d'esprit) peace of mind.

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transcription
nf
transcription; (copie) transcript.

transcrire vt transcribe.

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transe
nf
en ~ in a trance.

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transférer
vt
transfer.

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transfert
nm
transfer; ~ d'appel (au téléphone) call diversion.

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transformateur
nm
transformer.

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transformation
nf
change; transformation.

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transformer
vt
change; (radicalement) transform; (vêtement) alter.

se ~ vpr change; (radicalement) be transformed; (se) ~ en turn into.

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transiger
vi
compromise.

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transiter
vt/i
~ par pass through.

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transitif
-ive a
transitive.

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translucide
a
translucent.

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transmettre
vt
(savoir, maladie) pass on; (ondes) transmit; (à la radio) broadcast.

transmission nf transmission; (radio) broadcasting.

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transparence
nf
transparency.

transparent, ~e a transparent.

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transpercer
vt
pierce.

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transpiration
nf
perspiration.

transpirer vi perspire.

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transplanter
vt
(Bot, Méd) transplant.

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transport
nm
transport (ation) durant le ~ in transit; les ~s transport (+sg ) les ~s en commun public transport (+sg ) .

transporter vt transport; (à la main) carry.

transporteur nm haulier; (US) trucker.

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transversal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
cross, transverse.

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trapu
~e a
stocky.

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traumatisant
~e a
traumatic.

traumatiser vt traumatize.

traumatisme nm trauma.

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travail
(pl -aux ) nm
work; (emploi, tâche) job; (façonnage) working; travaux work (+sg ) (routiers) roadworks; ~ à la chaîne production line work; travaux dirigés (Scol) practical; travaux forcés hard labour; travaux manuels handicrafts; travaux ménagers housework.

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travailler
vi
work; (se déformer) warp. vt (façonner) work; (étudier) work at ou on.

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travailleur
-euse nm, f
worker. a hardworking.

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travailliste
a
Labour. nmf Labour party member.

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travers
nm
(défaut) failing; à ~ through; au ~ (de) through; de ~ (chapeau, nez) crooked; (regarder) askance; j'ai avalé de ~ it went the wrong way; en ~ (de) across.

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traversée
nf
crossing.

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traverser
vt
cross; (transpercer) go (right) through; (période, forêt) go ou pass through.

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traversin
nm
bolster.

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travesti
nm
transvestite.

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trébucher
vi
stumble, trip (over) faire ~ trip (up) .

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trèfle
nm
(plante) clover; (cartes) clubs.

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treillis
nm
trellis; (en métal) wire mesh; (tenue militaire) combat uniform.

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treize
a & nm
thirteen.

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tréma
nm
diaeresis.

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tremblement
nm
shaking; ~ de terre earthquake.

trembler vi shake, tremble; (lumière, voix) quiver.

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tremper
vt/i
soak; (plonger) dip; (acier) temper; faire ~ soak; ~ dans (fig) be mixed up.

se ~ vpr (se baigner) have a dip.

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tremplin
nm
springboard.

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trente
a & nm
thirty; se mettre sur son ~ et un dress up; tous les ~-six du mois once in a blue moon.

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trépied
nm
tripod.

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très
adv
very; ~ aimé/estimé much liked/esteemed.

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trésor
nm
treasure; le T ~ public the revenue department.

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trésorerie
nf
(bureaux) accounts department; (du Trésor public) revenue office; (argent) funds (+pl ) (gestion) accounts (+pl ) .

trésorier, -ière nm, f treasurer.

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tressaillement
nm
quiver; start.

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tresse
nf
braid, plait.

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trêve
nf
truce; (fig) respite; ~ de plaisanteries that's enough joking.

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tri
nm
(classement) sorting; (sélection) selection; faire le ~ de (classer) sort; (choisir) select; centre de ~ sorting office.

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triangle
nm
triangle.

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tribal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
tribal.

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tribord
nm
starboard.

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tribu
nf
tribe.

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tribunal
(mpl -aux ) nm
court.

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tribune
nf
(de stade) grandstand; (d'orateur) rostrum; (débat) forum; (d'église) gallery.

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tribut
nm
tribute.

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tributaire
a
~ de dependent on.

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tricher
vi
cheat.

tricheur, -euse nm, f cheat.

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tricolore
a
threecoloured; (écharpe) red, white and blue; (équipe) French.

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tricot
nm
(activité) knitting; (pull) sweater; en ~ knitted; ~ de corps vest; (US) undershirt.

tricoter vt/i knit.

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trier
vt
(classer) sort; (choisir) select.

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trimestre
nm
quarter; (Scol) term.

trimestriel, ~le a quarterly; (bulletin) end-of-term.

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tringle
nf
rail.

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trinquer
vi
clink glasses.

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triomphant
~e a
triumphant.

triomphe nm triumph.

triompher vi triumph (de over ) (jubiler) be triumphant.

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tripes
nfpl
(mets) tripe (+sg ) (entraillesfam) guts.

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triple
a
triple, treble. nm le ~ three times as much (de as ) .

triplés, -es nm, fpl triplets.

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tripot
nm
gambling den.

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tripoter
vt
fam (personne) grope; (objet) fiddle with.

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trisomique
a
être ~ have Down's syndrome.

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triste
a
sad; (rue, temps, couleur) dreary; (lamentable) dreadful.

tristesse nf sadness; dreariness.

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trivial
~e (mpl -iaux ) a
coarse.

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troc
nm
exchange; (Comm) barter.

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trognon
nm
(de fruit) core.

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trois
a & nm
three; hôtel ~ étoiles three-star hotel.

troisième a & nmf third.

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trombone
nm
(Mus) trombone; (agrafe) paperclip.

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trompe
nf
(d'éléphant) trunk; (Mus) horn.

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tromper
vt
deceive, mislead; (déjouer) elude.

se ~ vpr be mistaken; se ~ de route/d'heure take the wrong road/get the time wrong.

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trompette
nf
trumpet.

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trompeur
-euse a
(apparence) deceptive.

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tronc
nm
trunk; (boîte) collection box.

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tronçon
nm
section.

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tronçonneuse
nf
chain saw.

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trône
nm
throne.

trôner vi (vase) have pride of place (sur on ) .

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trop
adv
(grand, loin) too; (boire, marcher) too much; ~ (de) quantité) too much; (nombre) too many; ce serait ~ beau one should be so lucky; de ~ en ~ too much; too many; il a bu un verre de ~ he's had one too many; se sentir de ~ feel one is in the way.

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trophée
nm
trophy.

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tropical
~e (mpl -aux ) a
tropical.

tropique nm tropic.

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trop-plein
(pl ~s ) nm
excess; (dispositif) overflow.

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troquer
vt
exchange; (Comm) barter (contre for ) .

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trot
nm
trot; aller au ~ trot.

trotter vi trot.

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trotteuse
nf
(de montre) second hand.

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trottoir
nm
pavement; (US) sidewalk; ~ roulant moving walkway.

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trou
nm
hole; (moment) gap; (lieu: péj) dump; ~ (de mé moire) memory lapse; ~ de serrure keyhole; faire son ~ carve one's niche.

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trouble
a
(eau, image) unclear; (louche) shady. nm (émoi) emotion; ~s (Pol) disturbances; (Méd) disorder (+sg ) .

troubler vt disturb; (eau) make cloudy; (inquiéter) trouble.

se ~ vpr (personne) become flustered.

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trouer
vt
make a hole ou holes in; mes chaussures sont trouées my shoes have got holes in them.

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troupe
nf
troop; (d'acteurs) company.

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troupeau
(pl ~x ) nm
herd; (de moutons) flock.

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trousse
nf
case, bag; aux ~s de hot on sb's heels; ~ de toilette toilet bag.

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trousseau
(pl ~x ) nm
(de clefs) bunch; (de mariée) trousseau.

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trouver
vt
find; (penser) think; il est venu me ~ he came to see me.

se ~ vpr (être) be; (se sentir) feel; il se trouve que it happens that; si ça se trouve maybe; se ~ mal faint.

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truand
nm
gangster.

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truc
nm
(moyen) way; (artifice) trick; (chosefam) thing.

trucage nm (cinéma) special effect.

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truffe
nf
(champignon, chocolat) truffle; (de chien) nose.

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truffer
vt
(fig) fill, pack (de with ) .

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truie
nf
(animal) sow.

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truite
nf
trout.

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truquer
vt
fix, rig; (photo) fake; (résultats) fiddle.

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tsar
nm
tsar, czar.

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tu
pron
(parent, ami, enfant) you. fTAIRE .

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tuba
nm
(Mus) tuba; (Sport) snorkel.

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tube
nm
tube.

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tuberculose
nf
tuberculosis.

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tuer
vt
kill; (d'une balle) shoot, kill; (épuiser) exhaust; ~ par balles shoot dead.

se ~ vpr kill oneself; (accident) be killed.

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tuerie
nf
killing.

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tue-tête:
à ~ loc
at the top of one's voice.

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tuile
nf
tile; (malchancefam) (stroke of) bad luck.

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tulipe
nf
tulip.

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tumeur
nf
tumour.

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tumulte
nm
commotion; (désordre) turmoil.

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tunique
nf
tunic.

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Tunisie
nf
Tunisia.

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tunnel
nm
tunnel.

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turbo
a
turbo. nf (voiture) turbo.

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turbulent
~e a
boisterous, turbulent.

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turc
-que a
Turkish. nm (Ling) Turkish.

T~, -que Turk.

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turfiste
nmf
racegoer.

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Turquie
nf
Turkey.

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tutelle
nf
(Jur) guardianship; (fig) protection.

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tuteur
-trice nm, f
(Jur) guardian. nm (bâton) stake.

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tutoiement
nm
use of the 'tu' form.

tutoyer vt address using the 'tu' form.

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tuyau
(pl ~x ) nm
pipe; (conseilfam) tip; ~ d'arrosage hosepipe.

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TVA
abrév f
(taxe à la valeur ajoutée ) VAT.

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tympan
nm
ear-drum.

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type
nm
(genre, traits) type; (individufam) bloke, guy; le ~ même de a classic example of. a inv typical.

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typique
a
typical.

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tyran
nm
tyrant.

tyrannie nf tyranny.

tyranniser vt oppress, tyrannize.

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U

UE
abrév f
(Union européenne ) European Union.

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Ukraine
nf
Ukraine.

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ulcère
nm
(Méd) ulcer.

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ULM
abrév m
(ultraléger motorisé ) microlight.

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ultérieur
~e a
later.

ultérieurement adv later.

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ultime
a
final.

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un, une
déterminant
a; (devant voyelle) an; ~ animal an animal; ~ jour one day; pas ~arbre not a single tree; il fait ~ froid! it's so cold! pronom
one; l'~ d'entre nous one of us; les ~s croient que... some believe...
la une the front page.
j'en veux une I want one. adjectif
one, a, an; j'ai ~ garçon et deux filles I have a ou one boy and two girls; il est une heure it is one o'clock. nom masculin & féminin
~ par ~ one by one.

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unanime
a
unanimous.

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unanimité
nf
unanimity; à l'~ unanimously.

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uni
~e a
united; (couple) close; (surface) smooth; (tissu) plain.

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unième
a
-first; vingt et ~ twenty-first; cent ~ one hundred and first.

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unifier
vt
unify.

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uniforme
nm
uniform. a uniform.

uniformiser vt standardize.

uniformité nf uniformity.

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unilatéral
~e (mpl -aux ) a
unilateral.

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union
nf
union; l'U ~ européenne the European Union.

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unique
a
(seul) only; (prix, voie) one; (incomparable) unique; enfant ~ only child; sens ~ oneway street.

uniquement adv only, solely.

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unir
vt
unite.

s'~ vpr unite, join.

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unité
nf
unit; (harmonie) unity.

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univers
nm
universe.

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universel
~le a
universal.

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universitaire
a
(résidence) university; (niveau) academic. nmf academic.

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université
nf
university.

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uranium
nm
uranium.

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urbain
~e a
urban.

urbanisme nm town planning.

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urgence
nf
(cas) emergency; (de situation, tâche) urgency;

d'~ (mesure) emergency; (transporter) urgently; les ~s casualty (+sg ) .

urgent, ~e a urgent.

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urine
nf
urine.

urinoir nm urinal.

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urne
nf
(électorale) ballot box; (vase) urn; aller aux ~s go to the polls.

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urticaire
nf
hives (+pl ) urticar.

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us
nmpl
les ~ et coutumes habits and customs.

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usage
nm
use; (coutume) custom; (de langage) usage; à l'~ de for; d'~ (habituel) customary; faire ~ de make use of.

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usagé
~e a
worn.

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usager
nm
user.

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usé
~e a
worn (out) (banal) trite.

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user
vt
wear (out) . vi ~ de use.

s'~ vpr (tissu) wear (out) .

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usine
nf
factory, plant; ~ sidérurgique ironworks (+pl ) .

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usité
~e a
common.

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ustensile
nm
utensil.

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usuel
~le a
ordinary, everyday.

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usure
nf
(détérioration) wear (and tear) .

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utérus
nm
womb, uterus.

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utile
a
useful.

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utilisable
a
usable.

utilisation nf use.

utiliser vt use.

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utopie
nf
Utopia; (idée) Utopian idea.

utopique a Utopian.

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UV1
abrév f
(unité de valeur ) course unit.

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UV2
abrév mpl
(ultraviolets ) ultraviolet rays; faire des ~ use a sunbed.

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V

va
ALLER .

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vacance
nf
(poste) vacancy.

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vacances
nfpl
holiday (s) (US) vacation; en ~ on holiday; ~ d'été, grandes ~ summer holidays.

vacancier, -ière nm, f holidaymaker; (US) vacationer.

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vacant
~e a
vacant.

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vacarme
nm
din.

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vaccin
nm
vaccine.

vacciner vt vaccinate.

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vache
nf
cow. a (méchantfam) nasty.

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vaciller
vi
sway, wobble; (lumière) flicker; (hésiter) falter; (santé, mémoire) fail.

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vadrouiller
vi
fam wander about.

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va-et-vient
nm inv
toing and froing; (de personnes) comings and goings; faire le ~ go to and fro; (interrupteur) two-way switch.

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vagabond
~e nm, f
vagrant.

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vagin
nm
vagina.

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vague
a
vague. nm regarder dans le ~ stare into space; il est resté dans le ~ he was vague about it. nf wave; ~ de fond ground swell; ~ de froid cold spell; ~ de chaleur heatwave.

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vaillant
~e a
brave; (vigoureux) strong.

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vaille
VALOIR .

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vain
~e a
vain, futile; en ~ in vain.

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vaincre
vt
defeat; (surmonter) overcome.

vaincu, ~e nm, f (Sport) loser.

vainqueur nm victor; (Sport) winner.

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vais
ALLER .

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vaisseau
(pl ~x ) nm
ship; (veine) vessel; ~ spatial spaceship.

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vaisselle
nf
crockery; (à laver) dishes; faire la ~ do the washing-up, wash the dishes; liquide ~ washing-up liquid.

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valable
a
valid; (de qualité) worthwhile.

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valet
nm
(aux cartes) jack; d (de chambre) manservant.

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valeur
nf
value; (mérite) worth, value; ~s (Comm) stocks and shares; avoir de la ~ be valuable; prendre/perdre de la ~ go up/down in value; objets de ~ valuables; sans ~ worthless.

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valide
a
(personne) fit; (billet) valid.

valider vt validate.

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valise
nf
(suit) case; faire ses ~s pack (one's bags) .

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vallée
nf
valley.

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valoir
vi
(mériter) be worth; (égaler) be as good as; (être valable) (règle) apply; faire ~ (mérite, qualité) emphasize; (terrain) cultivate; (droit) assert; se faire ~ put oneself forward; ~ cher/100 francs be worth a lot/100 francs; que vaut ce vin? what's this wine like?; ne rien ~ be useless ou no good; ça ne me dit rien qui vaille I don't like the sound of that; ~ la peine or le coup fam be worth it; il vaut/vaudrait mieux faire it is/would be better to do. vt ~ qch à qn (éloges, critiques) earn sb sth; (admiration) win sb sth.

se ~ vpr (être équivalents) be as good as each other; ça se vaut it's all the same.

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valoriser
vt
add value to; (produit) promote; (profession) make attractive; (région, ressources) develop.

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valse
nf
waltz.

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vandale
nmf
vandal.

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vanille
nf
vanilla.

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vanité
nf
vanity.

vaniteux, -euse a vain, conceited.

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vanne
nf
(d'écluse) sluicegate; (proposfam) dig fam.

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vantard
~e a
boastful. nm, f boaster.

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vanter
vt
praise.

se ~ vpr boast (de about ) se ~ de faire pride oneself on doing.

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vapeur
nf
(eau) steam; (brume, émanation) vapour; ~s fumes; à ~ (bateau, locomotive) steam; faire cuire à la ~ steam.

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vaporisateur
nm
spray, atomizer.

vaporiser vt spray.

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varappe
nf
rockclimbing.

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variable
a
variable; (temps) changeable.

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varicelle
nf
chickenpox.

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varié
~e a
(non monotone, étendu) varied; (divers) various; sandwichs ~s a selection of sandwiches.

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varier
vt/i
vary.

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variété
nf
variety; spectacle de ~s variety show.

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vase
nm
vase. nf silt, mud.

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vaseux
-euse a
(confusfam) woolly, hazy.

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vaste
a
vast, huge.

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vaurien
~ne nm, f
good-for-nothing.

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vautour
nm
vulture.

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vautrer
(se ) vpr
sprawl; se ~ dans (vice, boue) wallow in.

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veau
(pl ~x ) nm
calf; (viande) veal; (cuir) calfskin.

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vécu
~e a
(réel) true, real. fVIVRE .

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vedette
nf
(artiste) star; en ~ (objet) in a prominent position; (personne) in the limelight; joueur ~ star player; (bateau) launch.

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végétal
(mpl -aux ) a
plant. nm (pl -aux ) plant.

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végétalien
~ne a & nm, f
vegan.

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végétarien
~ne a & nm, f
vegetarian.

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végétation
nf
vegetation; ~s (Méd) adenoids.

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véhicule
nm
vehicle.

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veille
nf
(état) wakefulness; (jour précédent) la ~ (de) the day before; la ~ de Noël Christmas Eve; à la ~ de on the eve of; la ~ au soir the previous evening.

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veillée
nf
evening (gathering) .

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veiller
vi
stay up; (monter la garde) be on watch. vt (malade) watch over; ~ à attend to; ~ sur watch over.

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veilleur
nm
~ de nuit night-watchman.

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veilleuse
nf
night light; (de véhicule) sidelight; (de réchaud) pilot light; mettre qch en ~ put sth on the back burner.

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veine
nf
(Anat) vein; (nervure, filon) vein; (chancefam) luck; avoir de la ~ fam be lucky.

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véliplanchiste
nmf
windsurfer.

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vélo
nm
bike; (activité) cycling; faire du ~ go cycling; ~ tout terrain mountain bike.

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vélomoteur
nm
moped.

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velours
nm
velvet; ~ côtelé corduroy.

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velouté
~e a
smooth. nm (Culin) ~ d'asperges cream of asparagus soup.

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vendanges
nfpl
grape harvest.

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vendeur
-euse nm, f
shop assistant; (marchand) salesman, saleswoman; (Jur) vendor, seller.

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vendre
vt
sell; à ~ for sale.

se ~ vpr (être vendu) be sold; (trouver acquéreur) sell; se ~ bien sell well.

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vendredi
nm
Friday; V ~ saint Good Friday.

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vénéneux
-euse a
poisonous.

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vénérer
vt
revere.

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vénérien
~ne a
maladie ~ne venereal disease.

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vengeance
nf
revenge, vengeance.

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venger
vt
avenge.

se ~ vpr take ou get one's revenge (de qch for sth; de qn on sb ) .

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vengeur
-eresse a
vengeful. nm, f avenger.

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venimeux
-euse a
poisonous, venomous.

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venin
nm
venom.

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venir
vi
(aux être) come (de from ) faire ~ qn send for sb, call sb; en ~ à come to; en ~ aux mains come to blows; où veut-elle en ~? what is she driving at?; il m'est venu à l'esprit or à l'idée que it occurred to me that; s'il venait à pleuvoir if it should rain; dans les jours à ~ in the next few days. v aux ~ de faire have just done; il vient/venait d'arriver he has/had just arrived; ~ faire come to do; viens voir come and see.

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vent
nm
wind; il fait du ~ it is windy; être dans le ~ fam be trendy.

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vente
nf
sale; ~ (aux enchè res) auction; en ~ on ou for sale; mettre qch en ~ put sth up for sale; ~ de charité (charity) bazaar; ~ au détail/en gros retailing/wholesaling; équipe de ~ sales team.

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ventilateur
nm
fan, ventilator.

ventiler vt ventilate.

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ventouse
nf
suction pad; (pour déboucher) plunger.

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ventre
nm
stomach; (d'animal) belly; (utérus) womb; avoir du ~ have a paunch.

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venu
~e a
bien ~ (à propos) apt, timely; mal ~ badly timed; il serait mal ~ de faire it wouldn't be a good idea to do. VENIR .

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venue
nf
coming.

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ver
nm
worm; (dans la nourriture) maggot; (du bois) woodworm; ~ luisant glow-worm; ~ à soie silkworm; ~ solitaire tapeworm; ~ de terre earthworm.

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verbal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
verbal.

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verbe
nm
verb.

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verdir
vi
turn green.

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véreux
-euse a
wormy; (malhonnête) shady.

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verger
nm
orchard.

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verglas
nm
black ice.

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véridique
a
true.

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vérification
nf
check (ing) , verification.

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vérifier
vt
check, verify; (confirmer) confirm.

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véritable
a
true, real; (authentique) real.

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vérité
nf
truth; (de tableau, roman) realism; en ~ in fact, actually.

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vermine
nf
vermin.

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verni
~e a
(chaussures) patent (leather) (chanceuxfam) lucky.

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vernir
vt
varnish.

se ~ vpr se ~ les ongles apply nail polish.

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vernis
nm
varnish; (de poterie) glaze; ~ à ongles nail polish.

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verra
verrait VOIR .

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verre
nm
glass; (de lunettes) lens; ~ à vin wine glass; prendre ouboire un ~ have a drink; ~ de contact contact lens; ~ dépoli frosted glass.

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verrière
nf
(toit) glass roof; (paroi) glass wall.

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verrou
nm
bolt; sous les ~s behind bars.

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verrouillage
nm
~ central or centralisé (des portes) central locking.

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verrue
nf
wart; ~ plantaire verruca.

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vers1
prép
towards; (aux environs de) (temps) about; (lieu) near, around; (période) towards; ~ le soir towards evening.

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vers2
nm
(poésie) line of verse.

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versatile
a
unpredictable, volatile.

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verse:
à ~ loc
in torrents.

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Verseau
nm
le ~ Aquarius.

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versement
nm
payment; (échelonné) instalment.

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verser
vt/i
pour; (larmes, sang) shed; (payer) pay. vi pour; (voiture) overturn; ~ dans (fig) lapse into.

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version
nf
version; (traduction) translation.

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verso
nm
back (of the page) voir au ~ see overleaf.

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vert
~e a
green; (vieillard) sprightly. nm green; les ~s the Greens.

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vertèbre
nf
vertebra; se déplacer une ~ slip a disc.

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vertical
~e (mpl -aux ) a
vertical.

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vertige
nm
dizziness; ~s dizzy spells; avoir le ~ feel dizzy.

vertigineux, -euse a dizzy; (très grand) staggering.

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vertu
nf
virtue; en ~ de in accordance with.

vertueux, -euse a virtuous.

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verveine
nf
verbena.

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vessie
nf
bladder.

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veste
nf
jacket.

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vestiaire
nm
cloakroom; (Sport) changing-room; (US) locker-room.

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vestibule
nm
hall; (Théât, d'hôtel) foyer.

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vestige
nm
(objet) relic; (trace) vestige.

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veston
nm
jacket.

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vêtement
nm
article of clothing; ~s clothes, clothing.

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vétéran
nm
veteran.

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vétérinaire
nmf
vet, veterinary surgeon, (US) veterinarian.

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vêtir
vt
dress.

se ~ vpr dress.

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veto
nm inv
veto.

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vêtu
~e a
dressed (de in ) .

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veuf
veuve a
widowed. nm, f widower, widow.

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veuille
VOULOIR .

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veut
veux VOULOIR .

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vexation
nf
humiliation.

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vexer
vt
upset, hurt.

se ~ vpr be upset, be hurt.

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viable
a
viable; (projet) feasible.

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viande
nf
meat.

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vibrer
vi
vibrate; faire ~ (âme, foules) stir.

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vicaire
nm
curate.

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vice
nm
(moral) vice; (physique) defect.

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vicier
vt
contaminate; (air) pollute.

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vicieux
-ieuse a
depraved. nm, f pervert.

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victime
nf
victim; (d'un accident) casualty.

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victoire
nf
victory; (Sport) win.

victorieux, -ieuse a victorious; (équipe) winning.

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vidange
nf
emptying; (Auto) oil change; (tuyau) waste pipe ou outlet.

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vide
a
empty. nm (absence, manque) vacuum, void; (espace) space; (trou) gap; (sans air) vacuum; à ~ empty; emballé sous ~ vacuum packed; suspendu dans le ~ dangling in space.

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vidéo
a inv
video; jeu ~ video game. nf video.

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vidéocassette
nf
video (tape) .

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vidéoclip
nm
music video.

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vidéoconférence
nf
videoconferencing; (séance) videoconference.

vidéodisque nm videodisc.

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vide-ordures
nm inv
rubbish chute.

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vidéothèque
nf
video library.

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vider
vt
empty; (poisson) gut; (expulserfam) throw out; ~ les lieux leave.

se ~ vpr empty.

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vie
nf
life; (durée) lifetime; à ~ pour la ~ for life; donner la ~ à give birth to; en ~ alive; la ~ est chère the cost of living is high.

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vieil
VIEUX.

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vieillard
nm
old man.

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vieille
VIEUX.

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vieillesse
nf
old age.

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vieillir
vi
grow old, age; (mot, idée) become oldfashioned. vt age.

vieillissement nm ageing.

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viens
vient QVENIR .

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vierge
nf
virgin; la V~ Virgo. a virgin; (feuille, cassette) blank; (cahier, pellicule) unused, new.

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vieux
(vieil before vowel or mute h) ,

vieille (mpl vieux ) a old. nm, f old man, old woman; petit ~ little old man; les ~ old people; vieille fille (péj) spinster; ~ garçon old bachelor.

vieux jeu a inv old-fashioned.

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vif
vive a
(animé) lively; (émotion, vent) keen; (froid) biting; (lumière) bright; (douleur, contraste, parole) sharp; (souvenir, style, teint) vivid; (succès, impatience) great; brûler/enterrer ~ burn/bury alive; de vive voix personally. nm à ~ (plaie) open; avoir les nerfs à ~ be on edge; blessé au ~ cut to the quick.

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vigie
nf
lookout.

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vigilant
~e a
vigilant.

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vigne
nf
(plante) vine; (vignoble) vineyard.

vigneron, ~ne nm, f wine-grower.

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vignette
nf
(étiquette) label; (Auto) road tax disc.

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vignoble
nm
vineyard.

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vigoureux
-euse a
vigorous, sturdy.

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vigueur
nf
vigour; être / entrer en ~ (loi) be/come into force; en ~ current.

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VIH
abrév m
(virus immunodé- ficitaire humain ) HIV.

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vilain
~e a
(mauvais) nasty; (laid) ugly. nm, f naughty boy, naughty girl.

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villa
nf
detached house.

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village
nm
village.

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villageois
~e a
village. nm, f villager.

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ville
nf
town; (importante) city; ~ d'eaux spa.

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vin
nm
wine; ~ d'honneur reception.

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vinaigre
nm
vinegar.

vinaigrette nf oil and vinegar dressing, vinaigrette.

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vingt
(/vîbefore vowel and in numbers 22-29) t/ a & nm
twenty.

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vingtaine
nf
une ~ (de) about twenty.

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vingtième
a & nmf
twentieth.

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vinicole
a
wine (- producing) .

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viol
nm
(de femme) rape; (de lieu, loi) violation.

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violemment
adv
violently.

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violence
nf
violence; (acte) act of violence.

violent, ~e a violent.

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violer
vt
rape; (lieu, loi) violate.

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violet
~te a
purple. nm purple.

violette nf violet.

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violon
nm
violin; ~ d'Ingres hobby.

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violoncelle
nm
cello.

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vipère
nf
viper, adder.

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virage
nm
bend; (en ski) turn; (changement d'attitude: fig) change of course.

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virée
nf
fam trip, tour; (en voiture) drive; (à vélo) ride.

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virement
nm
(Comm) (credit) transfer; ~ automatique standing order.

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virer
vi
turn; ~ de bord tack; (fig) do a U-turn; ~ au rouge turn red. vt (argent) transfer; (expulserfam) throw out; (élève) expel; (licencierfam) fire.

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virgule
nf
comma; (dans un nombre) (decimal) point.

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viril
~e a
virile.

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virtuel
~le a
(potentiel) potential; (mémoire, réalité) virtual.

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virulent
~e a
virulent.

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virus
nm
virus.

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vis1
VIVRE VOIR .

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vis2
nf
screw.

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visa
nm
visa.

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visage
nm
face.

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vis-à-vis
prép
~ de (en face de) opposite; (à l'égard de) in relation to; (comparéà) compared to, beside. nm inv (personne) person opposite; en ~ opposite each other.

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visée
nf
aim; avoir des ~s sur have designs on.

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viser
vt
(cible, centre) aim at; (poste, résultats) aim for; (concerner) be aimed at; (document) stamp; ~ à aim at; (mesure, propos) be aimed at; ~ à faire aim to do. vi aim.

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viseur
nm
(d'arme) sights (+pl ) (Photo) viewfinder.

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visière
nf
(de casquette) peak; (de casque) visor.

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vision
nf
vision.

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visite
nf
visit; (pour inspecter) inspection; (personne) visitor; heures de ~ visiting hours; ~ guidée guided tour; ~ médicale medical; rendre ~ à, faire une ~ à pay a visit; être en ~ (chez qn) be visiting (sb) avoir de la ~ have visitors.

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visiter
vt
visit; (appartement) view.

visiteur, -euse nm, f visitor.

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visser
vt
screw (on) .

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visuel
~le a
visual. nm (Ordinat) visual display unit, VDU.

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vit
VIVRE VOIR .

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vital
~e (mpl -aux ) a
vital.

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vitamine
nf
vitamin.

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vite
adv
fast, quickly; (tôt) soon; ~! quick!; faire ~ be quick; au plus ~, le plus ~ possible as quickly as possible.

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vitesse
nf
speed; (régime: Auto) gear; à toute ~ at top speed; en ~ in a hurry, quickly; boîte à cinq ~s five-speed gearbox.

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viticole
a
(industrie) wine; (région) wine-producing.

viticulteur nm wine-grower.

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vitrage
nm
(vitres) windows; double ~ double glazing.

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vitrail
(pl -aux ) nm
stained-glass window.

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vitre
nf
(window) pane; (de véhicule) window.

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vitrine
nf
(shop) window; (meuble) display cabinet.

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vivace
a
(plante) perennial; (durable) enduring.

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vivacité
nf
liveliness; (agilité) quickness; (d'émotion, d'intelligence) keenness; (de souvenir, style, teint) vividness.

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vivant
~e a
(example, symbole) living; (en vie) alive, living; (actif, vif) lively. nm un bon ~ a bon viveur; de son ~ in his lifetime; les ~s the living.

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vive1
VIF.

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vive2
interj
~ le roi! long live the king!

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vivement
adv
(fortement) strongly; (vite, sèchement) sharply; (avec éclat) vividly; (beaucoup) greatly; ~ la fin! I'll be glad when it's the end!

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vivier
nm
fish pond; (arti- ficiel) fish tank.

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vivifier
vt
invigorate.

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vivre
vi
live; ~ de (nourriture) live on; ~ encore be still alive; faire ~ (famille) support. vt (vie) live; (période, aventure) live through.

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vivres
nmpl
supplies.

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VO
abrév f
(version originale ) en ~ in the original language.

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vocabulaire
nm
vocabulary.

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vocal
~e (mpl -aux ) a
vocal.

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vœu
(pl ~x ) nm
(souhait) wish; (promesse) vow; meilleurs ~x best wishes.

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vogue
nf
fashion, vogue; en ~ in fashion ou vogue.

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voguer
vi
sail.

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voici
prép
here is, this is; (au pluriel) here are, these are; me ~ here I am; ~ un an (temps passé) a year ago; ~ un an que it is a year since.

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voie
nf
(route) road; (partie de route) lane; (chemin) way; (moyen) means, way; (rails) track; (quai) platform; en ~ de in the process of; en ~ de développement (pays) developing; espèce en ~ de disparition endangered species; par la ~ des airs by air; par ~ orale orally; sur la bonne/mauvaise ~ (fig) on the right/wrong track; montrer la ~ lead the way; ~ de dégagement slip-road; ~ ferrée railway; (US) railroad; V ~ lactée Milky Way; ~ navigable waterway; ~ publique public highway; ~ sans issue (sur panneau) no through road; (fig) dead end.

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voilà
prép
there is, that is; (au pluriel) there are, those are; (voici) here is, here are; le ~ there he is; ~! right!; (en offrant qch) there you are!; ~ un an (temps passé) a year ago; ~ un an que it is a year since; tu en veux? en ~ do you want some? here you are; en ~ des histoires! what a fuss!; et ~ que and then.

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voilage
nm
net curtain.

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voile
nf
(de bateau) sail; (Sport) sailing. nm veil; (tissu léger) net.

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voilé
~e a
(allusion, femme) veiled; (flou) hazy.

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voiler
vt
(dissimuler) veil; (déformer) buckle.

se ~ vpr (devenir flou) become hazy; (se déformer) (roue) buckle.

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voilier
nm
sailing ship.

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voir
vt
see; faire ~ qch à qn show sth to sb; laisser ~ show; avoir quelque chose à ~ avec have something to do with; ça n'a rien à ~ that's got nothing to do with it; je ne peux pas le ~ fam I can't stand him. vi y ~ be able to see; je n'y vois rien I cannot see; ~ trouble have blurred vision; voyons let's see now; voyons, soyez sages! come on now, behave yourselves!

se ~ vpr (dans la glace) see oneself; (être visible) show; (se produire) be seen; (se trouver) find oneself; (se fréquenter, se rencontrer) see each other; (être vu) be seen.

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voire
adv
or even, not to say.

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voirie
nf
(service) highway maintenance.

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voisin
~e a
(de voisinage) neighbouring; (proche) nearby; (adjacent) next (de to ) (semblable) similar (de to ) . nm, f neighbour; le ~ the man next door, the neighbour.

voisinage nm neighbourhood; (proximité) proximity.

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voiture
nf
(motor) car; (wagon) coach, carriage; en ~! all aboard!; ~ bélier ramraiding car; ~ à cheval horse-drawn carriage; ~ de course racing car; ~ école driving school car; ~ d'enfant pram; (US) baby carriage; ~ de tourisme saloon car.

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voix
nf
voice; (suffrage) vote; à ~ basse in a whisper.

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vol
nm
(d'avion, d'oiseau) flight; (groupe d'oiseaux) flock, flight; (délit) theft; (hold-up) robbery; ~ à l'étalage shoplifting; ~ à la tire pickpocketing; à ~ d'oiseau as the crow flies; de haut ~ highranking; ~ libre hang-gliding; ~ à voile gliding.

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volaille
nf
la ~ (poules) poultry; une ~ a fowl.

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volant
nm
(steering-) wheel; (de jupe) flounce; (de badminton) shuttlecock; donner un coup de ~ turn the wheel sharply.

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volcan
nm
volcano.

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volée
nf
flight; (oiseaux) flight, flock; (de coups, d'obus, au tennis) volley; à toute ~ hard; à la ~ in flight, in mid-air.

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voler
vi
(oiseau) fly; (dérober) steal (à from ) . vt steal; ~ qn rob sb; il ne l'a pas volé he deserved it.

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volet
nm
(de fenêtre) shutter; (de document) (folded outear-off) section; trié sur le ~ hand-picked. )

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voleur
-euse nm, f
thief; au ~! stop thief! a thieving.

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volley-ball
nm
volleyball.

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volontaire
a
(délibéré) voluntary; (opiniâtre) determined. nmf volunteer.

volontairement adv voluntarily; (exprès) intentionally.

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volonté
nf
(faculté, intention) will; (souhait) wish; (énergie) willpower; à ~ (comme on veut) as required; du vin à ~ unlimited wine; bonne ~ goodwill; mauvaise ~ ill will.

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volontiers
adv
(de bon gré) with pleasure, willingly, gladly; (admettre) readily.

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volt
nm
volt.

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volte-face
nf inv
(fig) U-turn; faire ~ do a U-turn.

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voltige
nf
acrobatics (+pl ) .

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volume
nm
volume.

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volumineux
-euse a
bulky; (livre, dossier) thick.

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volupté
nf
voluptuousness.

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vomi
nm
vomit.

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vomir
vt
vomit; (fig) belch out. vi be sick, vomit.

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vomissement
nm
vomiting; ~s du matin morning sickness.

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vont
ALLER .

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vorace
a
voracious.

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vos
VOTRE.

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votant
~e nm, f
voter.

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vote
nm
(action) voting; (suffrage) vote; ~ d'une loi passing of a bill; ~ par correspondance / procuration postal/proxy vote.

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voter
vi
vote. vt vote for; (adopter) pass; (crédits) vote.

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votre
(pl vos ) a
your.

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vôtre
pron
le ou la ~, les ~s yours.

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vouer
vt
(vie, temps) dedicate (à to ) vouéà l'échec doomed to failure.

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vouloir
vt
(exiger) want (faire to do ) (souhaiter) want; que veux-tu boire? what would you like to drink?; je voudrais bien y aller I'd really like to go; je veux bien venir I'm happy to come; comme tu voudras as you wish; (accepter) veuillez vous asseoir please sit down; veuillez patienter (au téléphone) please hold the line; (signifier) ~ dire mean; qu'est-ce que cela veut dire? what does that mean?; en ~ à qn bear a grudge against sb.

s'en ~ vpr regret; je m'en veux de lui avoir dit I really regret having told her.

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voulu
~e a
(délibéré) intentional; (requis) required.

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vous
pron
(sujet, complément) you; (indirect) (to) you; (réfléchi) yourself; (pluriel) yourselves; (l'un l'autre) each other.

vous-même pron yourself.

vous-mêmes pron yourselves.

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voûte
nf
(plafond) vault; (porche) archway.

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vouvoiement
nm
use of the 'vous' form.

vouvoyer vt address using the 'vous' form.

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voyage
nm
trip; (déplacement) journey; (par mer) voyage; ~ (s) (action) travelling; ~ d'affaires business trip; ~ d'études study trip; ~ de noces honeymoon; ~ organisé (package) tour.

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voyager
vi
travel.

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voyageur
-euse nm, f
traveller; (passager) passenger; ~ de commerce travelling salesman.

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voyant
~e a
gaudy. nm (signal) (warning) light.

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voyelle
nf
vowel.

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voyou
nm
hooligan.

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vrac:
en ~ loc
(pêle-mêle) haphazardly; (sans emballage) loose; (en gros) in bulk.

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vrai
~e a
true; (authentique) real. nm truth; à ~ dire to tell the truth; pour de ~ for real.

vraiment adv really.

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vraisemblable
a
(probable) likely; (excuse, histoire) plausible.

vraisemblablement adv probably.

vraisemblance nf likelihood, plausibility.

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vrombir
vi
roar.

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VRP
abrév m
(voyageur représentant placier ) rep, representative.

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VTT
abrév m
(vélo tout terrain ) mountain bike.

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vu
~e a
bien ~ well thought of; ce serait plutôt mal ~ it wouldn't go down well; bien ~! good point! prép in view of; ~ que seeing that. fVOIR .

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vue
nf
(spectacle) sight; (vision) (eye) sight; (panorama, idée, image, photo) view; avoir en ~ have in mind; à ~ (tirer) on sight; (payable) at sight; de ~ by sight; perdre de ~ lose sight of; en ~ (proche) in sight; (célèbre) in the public eye; en ~ de faire with a view to doing; à ~ d'œil visibly; avoir des ~s sur have designs on.

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vulgaire
a
(grossier) vulgar; (ordinaire) common.

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vulnérable
a
vulnerable.

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W

wagon
nm
(de voyageurs) carriage; (de marchandises) wagon.

wagon-lit (pl wagons-lits ) nm sleeper.

wagon-restaurant (pl wagons-restaurants ) nm restaurant car.

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walkman®
nm
personal stereo, walkman®.

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waters
nmpl
toilets.

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watt
nm
watt.

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wc
nmpl
toilet (+sg ) .

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Web
nm
Web; un site ~ a Web site.

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week-end
nm
weekend.

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whisky
(pl -ies ) nm
whisky.

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X

xénophobe
a
xenophobic. nmf xenophobe.

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xérès
nm
sherry.

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xylophone
nm
xylophone.

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Y

y
adverbe
there; (dessus) on it; (pluriel) on them; (dedans) in it; (pluriel) in them; j'~ vais I'm on my way; n'~ va pas don't go; du lait? il n'~ en a pas milk? there's none; tu n'~ arriveras jamais you'll never manage it. pronom
s'~ habituer get used to it.
s'~ attendre expect it.
~ penser think about it.
~ être pour qch have sth to do with it.

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yaourt
nm
yoghurt.

yaourtière nf yoghurt-maker.

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yard
nm
yard (= 91,44 cm) .

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yen
nm
yen.

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yeux
ŒIL.

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yoga
nm
yoga.

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yougoslave
a
Yugoslav.

Y~ nmf Yugoslav.

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Yougoslavie
nf
Yugoslavia.

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yo-yo®
nm inv
yo-yo®.

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Z

zèbre
nm
zebra.

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zèle
nm
zeal.

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zéro
nm
nought, zero; (température) zero; (Sport) nil; (tennis) love; (personne) nonentity; partir de ~ start from scratch; repartir à ~ start all over again.

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zeste
nm
peel; un ~ de (fig) a touch of.

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zézayer
vi
lisp.

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zigzag
nm
zigzag; en ~ winding.

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zinc
nm
(métal) zinc; (comptoirfam) bar.

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zizanie
nf
discord; semer la ~ put the cat among the pigeons.

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zizi
nm
fam willy.

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zodiaque
nm
zodiac.

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zona
nm
(Méd) shingles (+sg ) .

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zone
nf
zone, area; (banlieue pauvre) slums; ~ bleue restricted parking zone.

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zoo
nm
zoo.

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zoom
nm
zoom lens.

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zut
interj
fam damn fam.

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About this book
ISBN : 8605773
© Oxford University Press 2002

With over 100,000 words, phrases, and translations this beginner-level dictionary is the most up-to-date small dictionary of French available. In order to provide extra help, frequently used words that can be difficult to master are given a special layout and usage notes to help you use them correctly. Warning labels (fam. and sl.) mark words which are informal or slang, so you know to use them with care. Attractive easy-access layout helps you find the right words and translations quickly and easily.

English

Abbreviations
Abréviations

French

adjective

a

adjectif

abbreviation

abbr, abrév

abréviation

adverb

adv

adverbe

anatomy

Anat

anatomie

archeology

Archeol, Archéol

archéologie

architecture

Archit

architecture

motoring

Auto

automobile

auxiliary

aux

auxiliaire

aviation

Aviat

aviation

botany

Bot

botanique

commerce

Comm

commerce

computing

Ordinat

informatique

conjunction

conj

conjonction

cookery

Culin

culinaire

determiner

det, dét

déterminant

electricity

Electr, Électr

électricité

figurative

fig

sens figuré

geography

Geog, Géog

géographie

geology

Geol, Géol

géologie

grammar

Gram

grammaire

humorous

hum

humoristique

interjection

interj

interjection

invariable

inv

invariable

law

Jur

droit

linguistics

Ling

linguistique

literal

lit

littéral

phrase

loc

locution

medicine

Med, Méd

médecine

military

Mil

armée

music

Mus

musique

noun

n

nom

nautical

Naut

nautisme

feminine noun

nf

nom féminin

masculine noun

nm

nom masculin

masculine and feminine noun

nm,f or nmf or nm/f

nom masculin et féminin

computing

Ordinat

informatique

pejorative

pej, péj

péjoratif

philosophy

Phil

philosophie

photography

Photo

photographie

plural

pl

pluriel

politics

Pol

politique

possessive

poss

possessif

past participle

pp

participe passé

prefix

pref, préf

préfixe

preposition

prep, prép

préposition

present participle

pres p

participe présent

pronoun

pron

pronom

psychology

Psych

psychologie

past

pt

prétérit

something

qch

quelque chose

somebody

qn

quelqu'un

railway

Rail

chemin de fer

relative pronoun

rel pron, pron rel

pronom relatif

religion

Relig

religion

somebody

qn

quelqu'un

school

School, Scol

scolaire

sport

Sport

sport

something

sth

quelque chose

technology

Tech

technologie

theatre

Theat, Théât

théâtre

television

TV

télévision

university

Univ

université

American English

US

anglais américain

auxiliary verb

v aux

verbe auxiliaire

intransitive verb

vi

verbe intransitif

reflexive verb

vpr

verbe pronominal

transitive verb

vt

verbe transitif

transitive and intransitive verb

vt/i

verbe transitif et intransitif

translation equivalent

≈

équivalent approximatif

trademark

®

marque déposée

colloquial

familier

slang

argot