ENA Dictionary of English Place-NamesOxford University PressOxford University Press

A Dictionary of English Place-Names

© Oxford University Press 2000, 2003
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Abbreviations The English Counties and Unitary Authorities

B. & NE. Som.

Bath & North East Somerset

Beds.

Bedfordshire

Berks.

Berkshire

Brist.

City of Bristol

Bucks.

Buckinghamshire

Cambs.

Cambridgeshire

Ches.

Cheshire

Cornwall

Cumbria

Derbys.

Derbyshire

Devon

Dorset

Durham

E. R. Yorks.

East Riding of Yorkshire

E. Sussex

East Sussex

Essex

Glos.

Gloucestershire

Gtr. London

Greater London

Gtr. Manch.

Greater Manchester

Hants.

Hampshire

Hartlepl.

Hartlepool

Heref. & Worcs.

Herefordshire and Worcestershire

Herts.

Hertfordshire

I. of Wight

Isle of Wight

Kent

K. upon Hull

City of Kingston upon Hull

Lancs.

Lancashire

Leics.

Leicestershire

Lincs.

Lincolnshire

Mersey.

Merseyside

Middlesbr.

Middlesbrough

Norfolk

NE. Lincs.

North East Lincolnshire

N. Lincs.

North Lincolnshire

N. Som.

North Somerset

N. Yorks.

North Yorkshire

Northants.

Northamptonshire

Northum.

Northumberland

Notts.

Nottinghamshire

Oxon.

Oxfordshire

Red. & Cleve.

Redcar & Cleveland

Rutland

Shrops.

Shropshire

Somerset

S. Glos.

South Gloucestershire

S. Yorks.

South Yorkshire

Staffs.

Staffordshire

Stock. on T.

Stockton on Tees

Suffolk

Surrey

Tyne & Wear

Warwicks.

Warwickshire

W. Mids.

West Midlands

W. Sussex

West Sussex

W. Yorks.

West Yorkshire

Wilts.

Wiltshire

York

City & County of York

Other Abbreviations

c.

circa (‘approximately’)

cent.

century

DB

Domesday Book (includes Great Domesday, Little Domesday, and Exon Domesday)

EPNS

English Place-Name Society

ME

Middle English (the English language c.1100–c.1500)

OCornish

Old Cornish

OE

Old English (the English language c.450–c.1100)

OFrench

Old French

OGerman

Old German

OIrish

Old Irish

OScand.

Old Scandinavian (the language of the Vikings, comprising Old Danish and Old Norse)

OWelsh

Old Welsh

pers. name

personal name

Scand.

Scandinavian

St

Saint

A

Abbas Combe Somerset ,

see COMBE.

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Abberley Heref. & Worcs. Edboldelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called adbeald’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Abberton Essex . Edburgetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or estate of a woman called adburh’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Abberton Heref. & Worcs. Eadbrihtincgtun 972, Edbretintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called adbeorht’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Abberwick Northum. Alburwic 1170.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a woman called Aluburh or Alhburh’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Abbess Roding Essex ,

see RODING.

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Abbey Dore Heref. & Worcs. ,

see DORE.

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Abbey Hulton Staffs. ,

see HULTON.

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Abbeystead Lancs. Abbey 1323.

‘(Deserted) site of the abbey’, with reference to the abbey of Wyresdale.
ME abbeye + stede.

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Abbey Town Cumbria . Abbey Towne 1649.

‘Estate by the abbey’, with reference to the former abbey of Holme Cultram.

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Abbots

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Abbots Bickington (Devon ) see BICKINGTON.

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Abbotsbury Dorset. Abbedesburie 946, Abedesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified house or manor of the abbot’.
OE abbod + burh (dative byrig). With reference to early possession by the abbot of Glastonbury.

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Abbotsham Devon . Hama 1086 (DB), Abbudesham 1238.

OE hamm ‘enclosure’ with the later addition of abbod ‘abbot’ (referring to early possession by the abbot of Tavistock).

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Abbotskerswell Devon . Cærswylle 956, Carsuella 1086 (DB), Karswill Abbatis 1285.

‘Spring or stream where water-cress grows’.
OE cærse + wella. Affix from early possession by the abbot of Horton.

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Abbotsley Cambs. Adboldesle 12th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ealdbeald’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Abdon Shrops. Abetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or estate of a man called Abba’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Aberford W. Yorks. Ædburford 1176.

‘Ford of a woman called Æadburh’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Abingdon Oxon. Abbandune 968, Ab(b)endone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Æbba or of a woman called Æbbe’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Abinger Surrey . Abinceborne (sic) 1086 (DB), Abingewurd 1191.

‘Enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Abba’, or ‘enclosure at Abba's place’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + worth. Abinger Hammer is named from the former iron foundry here, called The Hammer Mill 1600.

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Abington,

‘estate associated with a man called Abba’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Abington, Great & Abington, Little Cambs. Abintone 1086 (DB). Abington Pigotts Cambs. Abintone 1086 (DB), Abington Pigots 1635. Manorial affix from the Pykot family, here from the 15th cent.

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Ab Kettleby Leics. ,

see KETTLEBY.

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Ablington Glos. Eadbaldingtun 855.

‘Estate associated with a man called adbeald’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ablington Wilts. Alboldintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ealdbeald’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Abram Gtr. Manch. Adburgham late 12th cent.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a woman called adburh’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Abridge Essex . Affebrigg 1203.

‘Bridge of a man called Æffa’.
OE pers. name + brycg.

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Abthorpe Northants. Abetrop 1190.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Abba’.
OE pers. name + OE throp or OScand. thorp.

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Aby Lincs. Abi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on the stream’.
OScand. á + bý.

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Acaster Malbis (York ) & Acaster Selby (N. Yorks ). Acastre 1086 (DB), Acaster Malebisse 1252, Acastre Seleby 1285.

‘Fortification on the river’.
OScand. á (perhaps replacing OE a) + OE ceaster. Manorial affixes from lands here held by the Malbis family and by Selby Abbey.

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Accrington Lancs. Akarinton 12th cent.

‘Farmstead or village where acorns are found or stored’.
OE æcern + tn.

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Achurch Northants. Asencircan c.980, Asechirce 1086 (DB).

‘Church of a man called Asa or Ási’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE cirice.

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Acklam,

‘(place at) the oak woods or clearings’,
OE c + lah (in a dative plural form lagum): Acklam Middlesbr. Aclum 1086 (DB). Acklam N. Yorks. Aclun 1086 (DB).

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Acklington Northum. Eclinton 1177.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called adlc’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ackton W. Yorks. Aitone (sic) 1086 (DB), Aicton c. 1166.

‘Oak-tree farmstead’.
OScand. eik + OE tn.

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Ackworth, High & Ackworth, Low W. Yorks . Aceuurde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Acca’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Acle Norfolk . Acle 1086 (DB).

‘Oak wood or clearing’.
OE c + lah.

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Acol Kent . Acholt 1270.

‘Oak wood’.
OE c + holt.

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Acomb,

‘(place at) the oak-trees’,
OE c in a dative plural form cum: Acomb Northum. Akum 1268. Acomb York. Akum 1222.

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Aconbury Heref. & Worcs. Akornebir 1213.

‘Old fort inhabited by squirrels’.
OE cweorna + burh (dative byrig).

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Acre, Castle, Acre, South & Acre, West Norfolk . Acre 1086 (DB), Castelacr 1235, Sutacra 1242, Westacre 1203.

‘Newly cultivated land’.
OE æcer. Distinguishing affixes from
OFrench castel (with reference to the Norman castle here),
OE sth and west.

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Acton,

a common name, usually ‘farmstead or village by the oak-tree(s)’ or ‘specialized farm where oak timber is worked’,
OE c + tn; examples include: Acton Gtr. London . Acton 1181. Acton Beauchamp Heref. & Worcs. Aactune 727. Manorial affix from the Beauchamp family, here from the 12th cent. Acton Burnell & Acton Pigott Shrops. Actune, Æctune 1086 (DB), Akton Burnell 1198, Acton Picot 1242. Manorial affixes from the Burnell and Picot families, here in the 12th cent. Acton, Iron S. Glos. Actune 1086 (DB), Irenacton 1248. Affix is
OE ren ‘iron’, referring to old iron-workings here. Acton Round Shrops. Achetune 1086 (DB), Acton la Runde 1284. Affix is
ME ro(u)nd ‘round in shape’ or from its early possession by the Earls of Arundel (perhaps falsely interpreted as containing the word ro(u)nd). Acton Scott Shrops. Actune 1086 (DB), Scottes Acton 1289. Manorial affix from the Scot family, here in the 13th cent. Acton Trussell Staffs. Actone 1086 (DB), Acton Trussel 1481. Manorial affix from the Trussell family, here in the 14th cent.
However some Actons have a different origin: Acton Dorset. Tacatone 1086 (DB). Probably ‘farmstead or village where young sheep are reared’.
OE tacca + tn. Initial T- was dropped in the 16th cent. due to confusion with the preposition at. Acton Suffolk . Acantun c.995, Achetuna 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ac(c)a’.
OE pers. name + tn. Acton Turville S. Glos. Achetone 1086 (DB), Acton Torvile 1284. Identical in origin with the previous name. Manorial affix from the Turville family, here from the 13th cent.

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Adbaston Staffs. Edboldestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called adbald’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Adber Dorset. Eatan beares 956, Ateberie 1086 (DB).

‘Grove of a man called ata’.
OE pers. name + bearu.

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Adderbury, East & Adderbury, West Oxon. Eadburggebyrig c.950, Edburgberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a woman called adburh’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Adderley Shrops. Eldredelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Althrth.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Adderstone Northum. Edredeston 1233.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called adrd’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Addingham W. Yorks. Haddincham c.972, Odingehem 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead associated with a man called Adda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + hm.

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Addington,

‘estate associated with a man called Eadda or Æddi’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Addington Bucks. Edintone 1086 (DB). Addington Gtr. London . Eddintone 1086 (DB). Addington Kent . Eddintune 1086 (DB). Addington, Great & Addington, Little Northants. Edintone 1086 (DB).

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Addiscombe Gtr. London . Edescamp 1229.

‘Enclosed land of a man called Æddi’.
OE pers. name + camp.

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Addlestone Surrey . Attelesdene 1241.

‘Valley of a man called Ættel’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Addlethorpe Lincs. Arduluetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Eardwulf’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Adel W. Yorks. Adele 1086 (DB).

From
OE adela ‘dirty, muddy place’.

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Adeney Shrops. Eduney 1212.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a woman called adwynn’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Adisham Kent . Adesham 616, Edesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called ad or Æddi’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Adlestrop Glos. Titlestrop (sic) 714, Tedestrop 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Ttel’.
OE pers. name + throp. Initial T- disappeared from the 14th cent. due to confusion with the preposition at.

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Adlingfleet E. R. Yorks. Adelingesfluet 1086 (DB).

‘Water-channel or stream of the prince or nobleman’.
OE ætheling + flot.

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Adlington,

‘estate associated with a man called adwulf’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn; Adlington Ches. Eduluintune 1086 (DB). Adlington Lancs. Edeluinton c.1190.

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Admaston Staffs. Ædmundeston 1176.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called admund’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Admington Warwicks. Edelmintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Æthelhelm’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Adstock Bucks. Edestoche 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Æddi or Eadda’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Adstone Northants. Atenestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ættn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Adur W. Sussex ,

district name from the River Adur , a late back-formation from Portus Adurni ‘Adurnos's harbour’, said to be at the mouth of this river by the 17th cent. antiquarian poet Drayton.

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Adwell Oxon. Advelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Ead(d)a’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Adwick le Street, Adwick upon Dearne S. Yorks. Adeuuic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Adda’.
OE pers. name + wc. Distinguishing affixes from the situation of one Adwick on a Roman road (
OE strt) and of the other on the River Dearne (see BOLTON UPON DEARNE).

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Affpuddle Dorset. Affapidele 1086 (DB).

‘Estate on the River Piddle of a man called Æffa’.
OE pers. name + river-name (see PIDDLEHINTON).

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Agglethorpe N. Yorks. Aculestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called cwulf’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Aikton Cumbria . Aictun c.1200.

‘Oak-tree farmstead’.
OScand. eik + OE tn.

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Ailsworth Cambs. Ægeleswurth 948, Eglesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Ægel’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Ainderby Steeple N. Yorks. Eindrebi 1086 (DB), Aynderby wyth Stepil 1316.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Eindrithi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Affix is
OE stpel ‘church steeple, tower’.

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Ainsdale Mersey. Einuluesdel 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Einulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + dalr.

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Ainstable Cumbria . Ainstapillith c.1210.

‘Slope where bracken grows’.
OScand. einstapi + hlíth.

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Ainsworth Gtr. Manch. Haineswrthe c.1200.

‘Enclosure of a man called Ægen’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Aintree Mersey. Ayntre 1220.

‘Solitary tree’.
OScand. einn + tré.

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Airmyn E. R. Yorks. Ermenie 1086 (DB).

‘Mouth of the River Aire’.
River-name + OScand. mynni. The river-name Aire is possibly from
OScand. eyjar ‘islands’, but may be of Celtic or pre-Celtic origin with a meaning ‘strongly flowing’.

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Airton N. Yorks. Airtone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Aire’. Old river-name (see AIRMYN) + tn.

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Aisby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Ási’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Aisby Lincs., near Blyton. Asebi 1086 (DB). Aisby Lincs., near Sleaford. Asebi 1086 (DB).

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Aisholt, Lower Somerset . Æscholt 854.

‘Ash-tree wood’.
OE æsc + holt.

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Aiskew N. Yorks. Echescol (sic) 1086 (DB), Aykescogh 1235.

‘Oak wood’.
OScand. eik + skógr.

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Aislaby N. Yorks., near Pickering. Aslache(s)bi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Áslákr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Aislaby N. Yorks., near Whitby. Asulue(s)bi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ásulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Aisthorpe Lincs. Estorp 1086 (DB).

‘East outlying farmstead or hamlet’.
OE ast + OScand. thorp.

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Akeld Northum. Achelda 1169.

‘Oak-tree slope’.
OE c + helde.

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Akeley Bucks. Achelei 1086 (DB).

‘Oak wood or clearing’.
OE cen + lah.

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Akeman Street (Roman road from Bath to St Albans ). Accemannestrete 12th cent.

‘Roman road associated with a man called Acemann’, from
OE pers. name + strt (an early alternative name for BATH was Acemannes ceastre 10th cent., named after the same man with
OE ceaster ‘Roman town or city’).

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Akenham Suffolk . Acheham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Aca’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Alberbury Shrops. Alberberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold or manor of a woman called Aluburh’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Albourne W. Sussex . Aleburn 1177.

‘Stream where alders grow’.
OE alor + burna.

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Albrighton Shrops., near Shifnal. Albricstone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Æthelbeorht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Albrighton Shrops., near Shrewsbury. Etbritone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called adbeorht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alburgh Norfolk . Aldeberga 1086 (DB).

‘Old mound or hill’, or ‘mound or hill of a man called Alda’.
OE (e)ald or OE pers. name + beorg.

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Albury,

‘old or disused stronghold’,
OE (e)ald + burh (dative byrig): Albury Herts. Eldeberie 1086 (DB). Albury Surrey . Ealdeburi 1062, Eldeberie 1086 (DB).

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Alby Hill Norfolk . Alebei 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Áli’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Alcaston Shrops. Ælmundestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ealhmund’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alcester Warwicks. Alencestre 1138.

‘Roman town on the River Alne’.
Celtic river-name (see ALNE) + OE ceaster.

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Alciston E. Sussex. Alsistone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ælfsige or Ealhsige’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alconbury Cambs. Acumesberie (sic) 1086 (DB), Alcmundesberia 12th cent.

‘Stronghold of a man called Ealhmund’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Aldborough,

‘old or disused stronghold’,
OE (e)ald + burh: Aldborough Norfolk . Aldeburg 1086 (DB). Aldborough N. Yorks. Burg 1086 (DB), Aldeburg 1145. Here referring to a Roman fort.

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Aldbourne Wilts. Ealdincburnan c.970, Aldeborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream associated with a man called Ealda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + burna.

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Aldbrough,

‘old or disused stronghold’,
OE (e)ald + burh: Aldbrough E. R. Yorks. Aldenburg 1086 (DB). Aldbrough N. Yorks. Aldeburne (sic) 1086 (DB), Aldeburg 1247.

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Aldbury Herts. Aldeberie 1086 (DB).

‘Old or disused stronghold’.
OE (e)ald + burh (dative byrig).

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Aldeburgh Suffolk . Aldeburc 1086 (DB).

‘Old or disused stronghold’.
OE (e)ald + burh. The river-name Alde is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Aldeby Norfolk . Aldebury 1086 (DB), Aldeby c.1180.

‘Old or disused stronghold’.
OE (e)ald + burh (dative byrig) replaced by
OScand. bý ‘farmstead’.

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Aldenham Herts. Ældenham 785, Eldeham 1086 (DB).

‘Old homestead’, or ‘homestead of a man called Ealda’.
OE (e)ald (dative -an) or OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Alderbury Wilts. Æthelwae byrig 972, Alwarberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a woman called Æthelwaru’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Alderford Norfolk . Alraforda 1163.

‘Ford where alders grow’.
OE alor + ford.

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Alderholt Dorset. Alreholt 1285.

‘Alder wood’.
OE alor + holt.

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Alderley Glos. Alrelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where alders grow’.
OE alor + lah.

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Alderley Edge Ches. Aldredelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Althrth’.
OE pers. name + lah. The 19th cent. addition Edge is taken from the abrupt escarpment here, itself called Alderley Edge (from
OE ecg).

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Aldermaston Berks. Ældremanestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the chief or nobleman’.
OE (e)aldormann + tn.

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Alderminster Warwicks. Aldermanneston 1167.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Aldershot Hants. Halreshet 1171.

‘Projecting piece of land where alders grow’.
OE alor + scat.

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Alderton,

usually ‘estate associated with a man called Ealdhere’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Alderton Glos. Aldritone 1086 (DB). Alderton Northants. Aldritone 1086 (DB). Alderton Wilts. Aldrintone 1086 (DB).
However two Aldertons have a different origin, ‘farmstead where alders grow’,
OE alor + tn: Alderton Shrops. Olreton 1309. Alderton Suffolk . Alretuna 1086 (DB).

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Alderwasley Derbys. Alrewaseleg 1251.

‘Clearing by the alluvial land where alders grow’.
OE alor + wæsse + lah.

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Aldfield N. Yorks. Aldefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Old (i.e. long used) stretch of open country’.
OE ald + feld.

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Aldford Ches. Aldefordia 1153.

‘The old (i.e. formerly used) ford’.
OE ald + ford.

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Aldham,

‘the old homestead’, or ‘homestead of a man called Ealda’,
OE eald or OE pers. name + hm: Aldham Essex . Aldeham 1086 (DB). Aldham Suffolk . Aldeham 1086 (DB).

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Aldingbourne W. Sussex . Ealdingburnan c.880, Aldingeborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream associated with a man called Ealda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + burna.

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Aldingham Cumbria . Aldingham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Alda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Aldington,

‘estate associated with a man called Ealda’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Aldington Heref. & Worcs. Aldintona 709, Aldintone 1086 (DB). Aldington Kent . Aldintone 1086 (DB).

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Aldreth Cambs. Alrehetha 1170.

‘Landing-place by the alders’.
OE alor + hth.

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Aldridge W. Midlands. Alrewic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or farm among alders’.
OE alor + wc.

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Aldringham Suffolk . Alrincham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Aldhere’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Aldsworth Glos. Ealdeswyrthe 1004, Aldeswrde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Ald’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Aldwark,

‘old fortification’,
OE (e)ald + weorc: Aldwark Derbys. Aldwerk 1140. Aldwark N. Yorks. Aldeuuerc 1086 (DB).

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Aldwick W. Sussex . Aldewyc 1235.

‘Old dwelling’, or ‘dwelling of a man called Ealda’.
OE eald or OE pers. name + wc.

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Aldwincle Northants. Eldewincle 1086 (DB).

‘River-bend of a man called Ealda’.
OE pers. name + wincel.

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Aldworth Berks. Elleorde (sic) 1086 (DB), Aldewurda 1167.

‘Old enclosure’, or ‘enclosure of a man called Ealda’.
OE eald or OE pers. name + worth.

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Alfington Devon . Alfinton 1244.

‘Estate associated with a man called Ælf’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Alfold Surrey . Alfold 1227.

‘Old fold or enclosure’.
OE eald + fald.

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Alford Lincs. Alforde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford where eels are found’.
OE l + ford.

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Alford Somerset . Aldedeford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a woman called Ealdgth’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Alfreton Derbys. Elstretune (sic) 1086 (DB), Alferton 12th cent.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ælfhere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alfrick Heref. & Worcs. Alcredeswike early 13th cent.

‘Dwelling or farm of a man called Ealhrd’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Alfriston E. Sussex. Alvricestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ælfrc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alhampton Somerset . Alentona 1086 (DB).

‘Estate on the River Alham’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE tn.

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Alkborough N. Lincs. Alchebarge 1086 (DB), Alchebarua 12th cent.

Probably ‘wood or grove of a man called Alca’.
OE pers. name + bearu.

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Alkerton Oxon. Alcrintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ealhhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Alkham Kent . Ealhham c.1100.

‘Homestead in a sheltered place, or used as a sanctuary’.
OE ealh + hm.

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Alkington Shrops. Alchetune 1086 (DB), Alkinton 1256.

‘Estate associated with a man called Ealha’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Alkmonton Derbys. Alchementune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ealhmund’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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All Cannings Wilts. ,

see CANNINGS.

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Allendale Town Northum. Alewenton 1245.

‘Settlement by (in the valley of) the River Allen’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE tn, with the later insertion of
OScand. dalr ‘valley’.

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Allenheads Northum.

‘(Place by) the source of the River Allen’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name + OE hafod.

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Allensmore Heref. & Worcs. More 1086 (DB), Aleinesmor 1220.

‘Marshy ground of a man called Ala(i)n’.
OFrench pers. name + OE mr.

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Aller Somerset . Alre late 9th cent., 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the alder-tree’.
OE alor.

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Allerby Cumbria . Aylwardcrosseby 1260, Aylewardby c.1275.

‘Farmstead (with crosses) of a man called Ailward (Æthelweard)’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý (earlier krossa-bý).

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Allerford Somerset, near Minehead. Alresford 1086 (DB).

‘Alder-tree ford’.
OE alor + ford.

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Allerston N. Yorks. Alurestan 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called Ælfhere’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Allerthorpe E. R. Yorks. Aluuarestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Ælfweard or Alfvarthr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Allerton,

usually ‘farmstead or village where alder-trees grow’,
OE alor + tn: Allerton Mersey. Alretune 1086 (DB). Allerton W. Yorks. Alretune 1086 (DB). Allerton Bywater W. Yorks. Alretune 1086 (DB), Allerton by ye water 1430. Affix ‘by the water’ (
OE wæter) refers to its situation on the River Aire. Allerton, Chapel W. Yorks. Alretun 1086 (DB), Chapel Allerton 1360. Affix is
ME chapele ‘a chapel’.
However some Allertons have a different origin: Allerton, Chapel Somerset . Alwarditone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead of a man called Ælfweard’.
OE pers. name + tn. Affix as in previous name. Allerton Mauleverer N. Yorks. Aluertone 1086 (DB), Aluerton Mauleuerer 1231. ‘Farmstead of a man called Ælfhere’.
OE pers. name + tn. Manorial affix from the Mauleverer family, here from the 12th cent.

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Allesley W. Mids. Alleslega 1176.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ælle’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Allestree Derbys. Adelardestre 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of a man called Æthelheard’.
OE pers. name + trow.

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Allexton Leics. Adelachestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Æthellc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Allhallows Kent . Ho All Hallows 1285.

Named from the 12th cent. church of All Saints here. For Ho in the early form, see HOO.

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Allington,

a common name, has a number of different origins: Allington Kent, near Lenham. Alnoitone 1086 (DB), Eilnothinton 1242. ‘Farmstead associated with a man called Æthelnth’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Allington Kent, near Maidstone. Elentun 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead associated with a man called Ælla or Ælle’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Allington Lincs. Adelingetone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead of the princes’.
OE ætheling + tn. Allington Wilts., near Amesbury. Aldintona 1178. ‘Farmstead associated with a man called Ealda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Allington Wilts., near Devizes. Adelingtone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead of the princes’.
OE ætheling + tn. Allington, East Devon . Alintone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead associated with a man called Ælla or Ælle’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Allithwaite Cumbria . Hailiuethait c.1170.

‘Clearing of a man called Eilífr’.
OScand. pers. name + thveit.

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Allonby Cumbria . Alayneby 1262.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Alein’.
OFrench pers. name + OScand. bý.

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All Stretton Shrops. ,

see STRETTON.

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Allweston Dorset. Alfeston 1214.

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Ælffld or Ælfgifu’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Almeley Heref. & Worcs. Elmelie 1086 (DB).

‘Elm wood or clearing’.
OE elm + lah.

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Almer Dorset. Elmere 943.

‘Eel pool’.
OE l + mere.

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Almington Staffs. Almentone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Alhmund’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Almondbury W. Yorks. Almaneberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of the whole community’.
OScand. almenn (genitive plural almanna) + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Almondsbury S. Glos. Almodesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Æthelmd or Æthelmund’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Alne N. Yorks. Alna c.1050, Alne 1086 (DB).

A Celtic name of uncertain meaning.

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Alne, Great & Alne, Little Warwicks. Alne 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Alne, a Celtic river-name probably identical in origin with the River Aln (see next name).

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Alnham Northum. Alneham 1228.

‘Homestead on the River Aln’.
Celtic river-name (earlier Alaunos, of uncertain meaning) + OE hm.

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Alnmouth Northum. Alnemuth 1201.

‘Mouth of the River Aln’.
Celtic river-name (see ALNHAM) + OE mtha.

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Alnwick Northum. Alnewich 1178.

‘Dwelling or farm on the River Aln’.
Celtic river-name (see ALNHAM) + OE wc.

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Alperton Gtr. London . Alprinton 1199.

‘Estate associated with a man called Ealhbeorht’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Alphamstone Essex . Alfelmestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ælfhelm’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alpheton Suffolk . Alflede(s)ton 1204.

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Ælffld or Æthelfld’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alphington Devon . Alfintune c.1060, Alfintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ælf’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Alport Derbys. Aldeport 12th cent.

‘Old town’.
OE (e)ald + port.

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Alpraham Ches. Alburgham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a woman called Alhburh’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Alresford Essex . Ælesford c.1000, Eilesforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Ægel’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Alresford, New & Alresford, Old Hants. Alresforda 701, Alresforde 1086 (DB).

‘Alder-tree ford’.
OE alor (genitive alres) + ford. The river-name Alre is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Alrewas Staffs. Alrewasse 942, Alrewas 1086 (DB).

‘Alluvial land where alders grow’.
OE alor + wæsse.

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Alsager Ches. Eleacier (sic) 1086 (DB), Allesacher 13th cent.

‘Cultivated land of a man called Ælle’.
OE pers. name + æcer.

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Alsop en le Dale Derbys. Elleshope 1086 (DB), Alsope in le dale 1535.

‘Valley of a man called Ælle’.
OE pers. name + hop. Later affix means ‘in the valley’.

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Alston Cumbria . Aldeneby 1164–71, Aldeneston 1209.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Halfdan’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn (earlier OScand. bý).

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Alstone Glos. Ælfsigestun 969.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ælfsige’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alstonefield Staffs. Ænestanefelt (sic) 1086 (DB), Alfstanesfeld 1179.

‘Open country of a man called Ælfstn’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Altarnun Cornwall . Altrenune c.1100.

‘Altar of St Nonn’. Cornish alter ‘altar of a church’ + female saint's name.

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Altcar, Great (Lancs. ) & Altcar, Little (Mersey. ). Acrer (sic) 1086 (DB), Altekar 1251.

‘Marsh by the River Alt’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘muddy river’) + OScand. kjarr.

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Altham Lancs. Elvetham c.1150.

‘Enclosure or river-meadow where there are swans’.
OE elfitu + hamm.

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Althorne Essex . Aledhorn 1198.

‘(Place at) the burnt thorn-tree’.
OE led + thorn.

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Althorp Northants. Olletorp 1086 (DB), Olethorp 1208.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Olla’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Althorpe N. Lincs. Aletorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Áli or Alli’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Altofts W. Yorks. Altoftes c.1090.

Probably ‘the old homesteads’.
OE ald + OScand. toft.

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Alton,

usually ‘farmstead at the source of a river’,
OE wiell + tn: Alton Hants. Aultone 1086 (DB). Alton Pancras Dorset. Awultune 1012, Altone 1086 (DB), Aweltone Pancratii 1226. Affix from the dedication of the church to St Pancras. Alton Priors Wilts. Aweltun 825, Auuiltone 1086 (DB), Aulton Prioris 1199. Affix from its early possession by the Priory of St Swithin at Winchester.
However other Altons have a different origin: Alton Derbys. Alton 1296. ‘Old farmstead’.
OE ald + tn. Alton Staffs. Elvetone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead of a man called Ælfa’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Altrincham Gtr. Manch. Aldringeham 1290.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Aldhere’, or ‘homestead at the place associated with Aldhere’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm.

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Alum Bay I. of Wight ,

first recorded in 1720 and so called from the large quantities of alum mined here as early as the 16th cent. Alum Chine Dorset, also on record from the 18th cent., alludes to mining of the same mineral, used in paper-making and leather-tanning.

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Alvanley Ches. Elveldelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ælfweald’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Alvaston Derbys. Alewaldestune c.1002, Alewoldestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Æthelwald or Ælfwald’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alvechurch Heref. & Worcs. Ælfgythe cyrcan 10th cent., Alvievecherche 1086 (DB).

‘Church of a woman called Ælfgth’.
OE pers. name + cirice.

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Alvecote Warwicks. Avecote c.1160.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Afa’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Alvediston Wilts. Alfwieteston 1165.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Ælfgeat’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alveley Shrops. Alvidelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Ælfgth’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Alverdiscott Devon . Alveredescota 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage of a man called Ælfrd’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Alverstoke Hants. Stoce 948, Alwarestoch 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a woman called Ælfwaru or Æthelwaru’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Alverstone I. of Wight . Alvrestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ælfrd’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alverton Notts. Aluriton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ælfhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Alvescot Oxon. Elfegescote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage of a man called Ælfhah’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Alveston S. Glos. Alwestan 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called Ælfwg’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Alveston Warwicks. Eanulfestun 966, Alvestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called anwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Alvingham Lincs. Aluingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Ælf’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Alvington Glos. Eluinton 1220.

Probably identical in origin with the next name.

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Alvington, West Devon . Alvintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ælf’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Alwalton Cambs. Æthelwoldingtun 955, Alwoltune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Æthelwald’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Alwinton Northum. Alwenton 1242.

‘Farmstead or village on the River Alwin’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE tn.

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Alwoodley W. Yorks. Aluuoldelei 1086 (DB), Adelwaldesleia 1166.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Æthelwald’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Ambergate Derbys. ,

a recent name, first recorded in 1836, referring to a toll-gate near the River Amber (a pre-Celtic river-name of uncertain meaning) which also gives name to the district of Amber Valley .

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Amberley,

probably ‘woodland clearing frequented by a bird such as the bunting or yellow-hammer’.
OE amer + lah: Amberley Glos. Unberleia (sic) 1166, Omberleia, Amberley c.1240. Amberley W. Sussex . Amberle 957, Ambrelie 1086 (DB).

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Ambersham, South W. Sussex . Æmbresham 963.

‘Homestead or river-bend land of a man called Æmbre’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Amble Northum. Ambell 1204, Anebell 1256.

Probably ‘promontory of a man called Amma or Anna’.
OE pers. name + bile.

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Amblecote W. Mids. Elmelecote 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘cottage of a man called Æmela’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Ambleside Cumbria . Ameleseta c.1095.

‘Shieling or summer pasture by the river sandbank’.
OScand. á + melr + str.

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Ambrosden Oxon. Ambresdone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘hill of a man called Ambre’,
OE pers. name + dn. Alternatively ‘hill of the bunting’ if the first element is rather
OE amer.

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Amcotts N. Lincs. Amecotes 1086 (DB).

‘Cottages of a man called Amma’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Amersham Bucks. Agmodesham 1066, Elmodesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Ealhmund’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Amesbury Wilts. Ambresbyrig c.880, Ambresberie 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stronghold of a man called Ambre’,
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig). Alternatively ‘(disused) stronghold frequented by buntings’ if the first element is rather
OE amer.

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Amington Staffs. Ermendone (sic) 1086 (DB), Aminton 1150.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Earma’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Amotherby N. Yorks. Aimundrebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Eymundr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Ampleforth N. Yorks. Ampreforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where dock or sorrel grows’.
OE ampre + ford.

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Ampney Crucis, St Mary & St Peter, Down Ampney Glos. Omenie 1086 (DB), Ameneye Sancte Crucis 1287, Ammeneye Beate Marie 1291, Amenel Sancti Petri c.1275, Dunamenell 1205.

Named from Ampney Brook , ‘stream of a man called Amma’,
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + a. Distinguishing affixes from the dedication of the churches to the Holy Rood (
Latin crucis ‘of the cross’), St Mary and St Peter, and from
OE dne ‘lower downstream’.

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Amport Hants. Anna de Port c.1270.

‘Estate on the River Ann held by a family called de Port’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘ash-tree stream’) + manorial affix (from its Domesday owner), see ANDOVER.

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Ampthill Beds. Ammetelle 1086 (DB).

‘Anthill, hill infested with ants’.
OE mette + hyll.

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Ampton Suffolk . Hametuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Amma’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Amwell, Great & Amwell, Little Herts. Emmewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Æmma’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Ancaster Lincs. Anecastre 12th cent.

Probably ‘Roman fort or town associated with a man called Anna’.
OE pers. name + cæster.

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Ancroft Northum. Anecroft 1195.

‘Lonely or isolated enclosure’.
OE na + croft.

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Anderby Lincs. Andreby c.1135.

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Arnthórr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. andri ‘snow-shoe’ perhaps in the sense ‘billet of wood’.

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Anderton Ches. Anderton 1184.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called anrd or Eindrithi’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + tn.

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Andover Hants. Andeferas 955, Andovere 1086 (DB).

‘(Place by) the ash-tree waters’.
Celtic river-name Ann (an earlier name for the River Anton and Pillhill Brook) with the Celtic word also found in DOVER.

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Andoversford Glos. Onnan ford 759.

‘Ford of a man called Anna’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Angersleigh Somerset . Lega 1086 (DB), Aungerlegh 1354.

OE lah ‘woodland clearing’ with manorial addition from the Aunger family, here in the 13th cent.

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Angmering W. Sussex . Angemæringum c.880, Angemare 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Angenmr’.
OE pers. name + -ingas (dative -ingum).

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Angram,

‘(place at) the pastures or grasslands’,
OE anger in a dative plural form ang(e)rum: Angram N. Yorks., near Keld. Angram late 12th cent. Angram N. Yorks., near York. Angrum 13th cent.

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Anlaby E. R. Yorks. Unlouebi (sic) 1086 (DB), Anlauebi 1203.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Óláfr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Anmer Norfolk . Anemere (sic) 1086 (DB), Anedemere 1291.

‘Duck pool’.
OE æned + mere.

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Ann, Abbots Hants. Anne 901, 1086 (DB), Anne Abbatis c.1270.

‘Estate on the River Ann belonging to the abbot’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘ash-tree stream’) with manorial affix referring to early possession by Hyde Abbey at Winchester.

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Anna Valley Hants. ,

a recent name, coined from the old river-name Ann as in previous name, see ANDOVER.

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Annesley Woodhouse Notts. Aneslei 1086 (DB), Anseleia c.1190, Annesley Wodehouse 13th cent.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a man called n’,
OE pers. name + lah. Alternatively perhaps identical with ANSLEY Warwicks. The 13th cent. addition denotes ‘woodland hamlet’.

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Ansford Somerset . Almundesford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford associated with a man called Ealhmund’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Ansley Warwicks. Hanslei 1086 (DB), Anesteleye 1235.

Probably ‘woodland clearing with a hermitage’.
OE nsetl + lah.

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Anslow Staffs. Eansythelege 1012.

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called answth’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Anstey, Ansty,

a name found in various counties, from
OE nstg ‘narrow or lonely track’, or ‘track linking other routes’; examples include: Anstey Leics. Anstige 1086 (DB). Anstey, East & Anstey, West Devon . Anesti(n)ga 1086 (DB). Ansty Warwicks. Anestie 1086 (DB). Ansty Wilts. Anestige 1086 (DB). Ansty Cross , Higher Ansty Dorset. Anesty 1219.

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Anston, North & Anston, South S. Yorks. Anestan, Litelanstan 1086 (DB), Northanstan, Suthanstan 1297.

‘The single or solitary stone’.
OE na + stn.

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Anthorn Cumbria . Eynthorn 1279.

‘Solitary thorn-tree’.
OScand. einn + thorn.

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Antingham Norfolk . Antingham 1044–7, 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Anta’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Antony Cornwall . Antone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Anna or Anta’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Anwick Lincs. Amuinc (sic) 1086 (DB), Amewic 1218.

‘Dwelling or farm of a man called Amma’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Apethorpe Northants. Patorp (sic) 1086 (DB), Apetorp 1162.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Api’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Apley Lincs. Apeleia 1086 (DB).

‘Apple wood’.
OE æppel + lah.

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Apperknowle Derbys. Apelknol 1317.

‘Apple-tree hillock’.
OE æppel + cnoll.

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Apperley Glos. Apperleg 1210.

‘Wood or clearing where apple-trees grow’.
OE apuldor + lah.

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Appleby,

‘farmstead or village where apple-trees grow’.
OE æppel (perhaps replacing OScand. epli) + OScand. bý: Appleby Cumbria . Aplebi 1130. Appleby N. Lincs. Aplebi 1086 (DB). Appleby Magna & Appleby Parva Leics. Æppelby 1002, Aplebi 1086 (DB). Distinguishing affixes are
Latin magna ‘great’ and parva ‘little’.

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Appledore,

‘(place at) the apple-tree’,
OE apuldor: Appledore Devon . le Apildore 1335. Appledore Kent . Apuldre 10th cent., Apeldres 1086 (DB).

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Appleford Oxon. Æppelford c.895, Apleford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where apple-trees grow’.
OE æppel + ford.

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Appleshaw Hants. Appelsag 1200.

‘Small wood where apple-trees grow’.
OE æppel + sceaga.

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Appleton,

‘farmstead where apples grow, apple orchard’,
OE æppel-tn; examples include: Appleton Ches. Epletune 1086 (DB). Appleton Oxon. Æppeltune 942, Apletune 1086 (DB). Appleton, East N. Yorks. Apelton 1086 (DB). Appleton-le-Moors N. Yorks. Apeltun 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘near the moors’. Appleton-le-Street N. Yorks. Apletun 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘on the main road’. Appleton Roebuck N. Yorks. Æppeltune c.972, Apleton 1086 (DB), Appleton Roebucke 1664. Manorial affix from the Rabuk family, here in the 14th cent. Appleton Wiske N. Yorks. Apeltona 1086 (DB). Affix refers to its situation on the River Wiske (from
OE wisc ‘marshy meadow’).

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Appletreewick N. Yorks. Apletrewic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or farm by the apple-trees’.
OE æppel-trow + wc.

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Appley Bridge Lancs. Appelleie 13th cent.

‘Apple-tree wood or clearing’.
OE æppel + lah.

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Apsley End Beds. Aspele 1230.

‘Aspen-tree wood’.
OE æspe + lah.

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Apuldram W. Sussex . Apeldreham 12th cent.

‘Homestead or enclosure where apple-trees grow’.
OE apuldor + hm or hamm.

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Arborfield Berks. Edburgefeld c.1190, Erburgefeld 1222.

Probably ‘open land of a woman called Hereburh’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Ardeley Herts. Eardeleage 939, Erdelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Earda’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Arden (old forest) Warwicks. ,

see HENLEY-IN-ARDEN.

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Ardingly W. Sussex . Erdingelega early 12th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Earda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Ardington Oxon. Ardintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Earda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ardleigh Essex . Erleiam (sic) 1086 (DB), Ardlega 12th cent.

Probably ‘woodland clearing with a dwelling place’.
OE eard + lah.

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Ardley Oxon. Eardulfes lea 995, Ardulveslie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Eardwulf’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Ardsley S. Yorks. Erdeslaia 12th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Eord or anrd’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Ardsley East W. Yorks. Erdeslawe 1086 (DB).

‘Mound of a man called Eord or anrd’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Areley Kings Heref. & Worcs. Erneleia c.1138, Kyngges Arley 1405.

‘Wood or clearing frequented by eagles’.
OE earn + lah. Affix Kings because it was part of a royal manor.

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Arkendale N. Yorks. Arghendene 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of a man called Eorcna or Eorcon’.
OE pers. name + denu (replaced from the 14th cent. by OScand. dalr).

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Arkesden Essex . Archesdana 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘valley of a man called Arnkel’.
OScand. pers. name + OE denu.

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Arkholme Lancs. Ergune 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the shielings or hill-pastures’.
OScand. erg in a dative plural form ergum.

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Arkley Gtr. London , Arkeleyslond 1332, Arkeley 1547.

Originally, it seems, a manorial name, ‘land of a family called Arkeley’.

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Arksey S. Yorks. Archeseia 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Arnkel’.
OScand. pers. name + OE g.

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Arlecdon Cumbria . Arlauchdene c.1130.

‘Valley of the stream frequented by eagles’.
OE earn + lacu + denu.

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Arlescote Warwicks. Orlavescote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Ordlf’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Arlesey Beds. Alricheseia 1062, 1086 (DB).

‘Island or well-watered land of a man called Ælfrc’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Arleston Shrops. Erdelveston 1180.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Eardwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Arley,

usually ‘wood or clearing frequented by eagles’,
OE earn + lah: Arley Warwicks. Earnlege 1001, Arlei 1086 (DB). Arley, Upper Heref. & Worcs. Earnleie 996, Ernlege 1086 (DB).
However the following may have a different origin: Arley Ches. Arlegh 1340. Possibly ‘grey wood’, or ‘wood on a boundary’.
OE hr + lah.

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Arlingham Glos. Erlingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Eorl(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm or hamm.

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Arlington Devon . Alferdintona 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ælffrith’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Arlington E. Sussex. Erlington 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Eorl(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Arlington Glos. Ælfredincgtune 1004, Alvredintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ælfrd’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Armathwaite Cumbria . Ermitethwait 1212.

‘Clearing of the hermit’.
ME ermite + OScand. thveit.

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Arminghall Norfolk . Hameringahala 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘nook of land of the family or followers of a man called Ambre or anmr’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + halh.

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Armitage Staffs. Armytage 1520.

‘(Place at) the hermitage’.
ME ermitage.

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Armscote Warwicks. Eadmundescote 1042.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called admund’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Armthorpe S. Yorks. Ernulfestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Earnwulf or Arnulfr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Arncliffe N. Yorks. Arneclif 1086 (DB).

‘Cliff of the eagles’.
OE earn + clif.

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Arncott, Upper & Arncott, Lower Oxon. Earnigcote 983, Ernicote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) associated with a man called Earn’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cot.

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Arne Dorset. Arne 1268.

Probably
OE ærn ‘house or building’. Alternatively ‘(place at) the heaps of stones or tumuli’, from
OE hær in a dative plural form harum.

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Arnesby Leics. Erendesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Iarund or Erendi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Arnold,

‘nook of land frequented by eagles’,
OE earn + halh: Arnold E. R. Yorks. Ærnhale 1190. Arnold Notts. Ernehale 1086 (DB).

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Arnside Cumbria . Harnolvesheuet 1184–90.

‘Hill or headland of a man called Earnwulf or Arnulfr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE hafod.

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Arram E. R. Yorks. Argun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the shielings or hill-pastures’.
OScand. erg in a dative plural form ergum.

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Arrathorne N. Yorks. Ergthorn 13th cent.

‘Thorn-tree by the shieling or hill-pasture’.
OScand. erg + thorn.

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Arreton I. of Wight . Eaderingtune c.880, Adrintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called adhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Arrington Cambs. Earnningtone c.950, Erningtune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Earn(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Arrow (river) Heref. & Worcs. ,

see STAUNTON ON ARROW.

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Arrow Warwicks. Arne (sic) 710, Arue 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Arrow , a Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name meaning simply ‘stream’.

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Arthington W. Yorks. Hardinctone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Earda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Arthingworth Northants. Arningvorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure associated with a man called Earn(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + worth.

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Arundel W. Sussex . Harundel 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where the plant horehound grows’.
OE hrhne + dell. The river-name Arun is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Asby,

‘farmstead or village where ash-trees grow’,
OScand. askr + bý: Asby Cumbria, near Arlecdon. Asbie 1654. Asby, Great & Asby, Little Cumbria . Aschaby c.1160.

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Ascot, Ascott,

‘eastern cottage(s)’,
OE ast + cot: Ascot Berks. Estcota 1177. Ascott under Wychwood Oxon. Estcot 1220. Affix means ‘near the forest of Wychwood’ (an OE name, Huiccewudu 840, meaning ‘wood of a tribe called the Hwicce’).

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Asenby N. Yorks. Æstanesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Eysteinn’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Asfordby Leics. Osferdebie 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ásfrøthr or Ásfrithr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Asgarby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Ásgeirr’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Asgarby Lincs., near Sleaford. Asegarby 1201. Asgarby Lincs., near Spilsby. Asgerebi 1086 (DB).

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Ash,

‘(place at) the ash-tree(s)’,
OE æsc; examples include: Ash Kent, near Sandwich. Æsce c.1100. Ash Surrey . Essa 1170. Ash Magna Shrops. Magna Asche 1285. Affix is
Latin magna ‘great’. Ash Priors Somerset . Æsce 1065, Esse Prior 1263. Affix from its early possession by the Prior of Taunton.

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Ashampstead Berks. Essamestede 1155–8.

‘Homestead by the ash-tree(s)’.
OE æsc + hm-stede.

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Ashbocking Suffolk . Assa 1086 (DB), Bokkynge Assh 1411.

‘(Place at) the ash-tree(s)’.
OE æsc + manorial affix from the de Bocking family, here in the 14th cent.

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Ashbourne Derbys. Esseburne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + burna.

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Ashbrittle Somerset . Aisse 1086 (DB), Esse Britel 1212.

‘(Place at) the ash-tree(s)’.
OE æsc + manorial affix from its possession by a man called Bretel in 1086.

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Ashburnham E. Sussex. Esseborne 1086 (DB), Esburneham 12th cent.

‘Meadow by the stream where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + burna with the later addition of hamm. The river here is still called Ashburn .

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Ashburton Devon . Essebretone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village by the stream where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + burna + tn.

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Ashbury,

‘stronghold where ash-trees grow’,
OE æsc + burh (dative byrig): Ashbury Devon . Esseberie 1086 (DB). Ashbury Oxon. Eissesberie (sic) 1086 (DB), Æsseberia 1187.

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Ashby,

a common name in the North and Midlands, usually ‘farmstead or village where ash-trees grow’,
OE æsc or OScand. askr + OScand. bý; however ‘farmstead of a man called Aski’,
OScand. pers. name + bý, is a possible alternative for some names; examples include: Ashby N. Lincs. Aschebi 1086 (DB). Ashby by Partney Lincs. Aschebi 1086 (DB). See PARTNEY. Ashby , Canons Northants. Ascebi 1086 (DB), Essheby Canons 13th cent. Affix from the priory here, founded in the 12th cent. Ashby , Castle Northants. Asebi 1086 (DB), Castel Assheby 1361. Affix from the former castle here. Ashby, Cold Northants. Essebi 1086 (DB), Caldessebi c.1150. Affix is
OE cald ‘cold, exposed’. Ashby cum Fenby NE. Lincs. Aschebi 1086 (DB). Fenby is Fen(de)bi 1086 (DB), ‘farmstead in a fen or marsh’,
OE fenn + OScand. bý;
Latin cum is ‘with’. Ashby de la Launde Lincs. Aschebi 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the de la Launde family, here in the 14th cent. Ashby de la Zouch Leics. Ascebi 1086 (DB), Esseby la Zusche 1241. Manorial affix from the de la Zuche family, here in the 13th cent. Ashby Folville Leics. Ascbi 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the de Foleuilla family, here in the 12th cent. Ashby Magna & Ashby Parva Leics. Essebi 1086 (DB). Affixes are
Latin magna ‘great’, parva ‘little’. Ashby , Mears Northants. Asbi 1086 (DB), Esseby Mares 1281. Manorial affix from the de Mares family, here in the 13th cent. Ashby Puerorum Lincs. Aschebi 1086 (DB). Latin affix means ‘of the boys’, in allusion to a bequest for the support of the choir-boys of Lincoln Cathedral. Ashby St Ledgers Northants. Ascebi 1086 (DB), Esseby Sancti Leodegarii c.1230. Affix from the dedication of the church to St Leger. Ashby St Mary Norfolk . Ascebei 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church. Ashby, West Lincs. Aschebi 1086 (DB).

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Ashcombe Devon . Aissecome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + cumb.

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Ashcott Somerset . Aissecote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + cot.

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Ashdon Essex . Æstchendune c.1036, Ascenduna 1086 (DB).

‘Hill overgrown with ash-trees’.
OE æscen + dn.

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Ashdown Forest Sussex. Essendon 1207.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Asheldham Essex . Assildeham c.1130.

‘Homestead of a woman called Æschild’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Ashen Essex . Asce 1086 (DB), Asshen 1344.

‘(Place at) the ash-trees’.
OE æsc in a dative plural form æscum.

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Ashendon Bucks. Assedune 1086 (DB).

‘Hill overgrown with ash-trees’.
OE æscen + dn.

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Ashfield,

‘open land where ash-trees grow’,
OE æsc + feld: Ashfield Notts. Esfeld 1216. An old name now revived as a district name. Ashfield Suffolk . Assefelda 1086 (DB). Ashfield, Great Suffolk . Eascefelda 1086 (DB).

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Ashford,

usually ‘ford where ash-trees grow’,
OE æsc + ford: Ashford Devon . Aiseforda 1086 (DB). Ashford Bowdler & Ashford Carbonel Shrops. Esseford 1086 (DB), Asford Budlers, Aysford Carbonel 1255. Manorial affixes from the de Boulers and Carbunel families, here at an early date. Ashford in the Water Derbys. Æscforda 926, Aisseford 1086 (DB). Affix ‘in the Water’ occurs from the late 17th cent., no doubt with reference to the meandering course of the River Wye here.
However two Ashfords have a different origin: Ashford Kent . Essetesford 1086 (DB). ‘Ford by a clump of ash-trees’.
OE æscet + ford. Ashford Surrey . Ecelesford 969, Exeforde 1086 (DB). Possibly ‘ford of a man called Eccel’, from
OE pers. name + ford, or the first element may be an old river-name Ecel.

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Ashill Norfolk . Asscelea 1086 (DB).

‘Ash-tree wood’.
OE æsc + lah.

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Ashill Somerset . Aisselle 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + hyll.

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Ashingdon Essex . Assandun 1016, Nesenduna (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the ass, or of a man called Assa’.
OE assa or OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Ashington Northum. Essenden 1205.

‘Valley where ash-trees grow’.
OE æscen + denu.

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Ashington W. Sussex . Essingetona 1073.

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Æsc’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Ashleworth Glos. Escelesuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Æscel’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Ashley,

a common name, ‘ash-tree wood or clearing’,
OE æsc + lah; examples include: Ashley Cambs. Esselie 1086 (DB). Ashley Ches. Ascelie 1086 (DB). Ashley Devon . Esshelegh 1238. Ashley Dorset. Asseleghe 1246. Ashley Hants., near Lymington. Esselie 1086 (DB). Ashley Hants., near Winchester. Asselegh 1275. Ashley Northants. Ascele 1086 (DB). Ashley Staffs. Esselie 1086 (DB). Ashley Green Bucks. Essleie 1227, Assheley grene 1468.

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Ashling, East & Ashling, West W. Sussex . Estlinges 1185.

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Æscla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Ashmansworth Hants. Æscmæreswierthe 909.

‘Enclosure by the ash-tree pool’.
OE æsc + mere + worth.

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Ashmore Dorset. Aisemare 1086 (DB).

‘Pool where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + mere.

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Ashorne Warwicks. Hassorne 1196.

‘Hornshaped hill where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + horn.

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Ashover Derbys. Essovre 1086 (DB).

‘Ridge or slope where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + ofer.

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Ashow Warwicks. Asceshot (sic) 1086 (DB),

Essesho 12th cent. ‘Hill spur of the ash-tree or of a man called Æsc’.
OE æsc or OE pers. name + hh.

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Ashperton Heref. & Worcs. Spertune (sic) 1086 (DB), Aspretonia 1144.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Æscbeorht or Æscbeorn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ashprington Devon . Aisbertone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Æscbeorht or Æscbeorn’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ashreigney Devon . Aissa 1086 (DB), Esshereingni 1238.

‘(Place at) the ash-tree(s)’.
OE æsc + manorial affix from the de Regny family, here in the 13th cent.

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Ashtead Surrey . Stede 1086 (DB), Estede c.1150.

‘Place where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + stede.

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Ashton,

a common name, usually ‘farmstead where ash-trees grow’,
OE æsc + tn; examples include: Ashton Ches. Estone 1086 (DB). Ashton Heref. & Worcs. Estune 1086 (DB). Ashton Northants., near Oundle. Ascetone 1086 (DB). Ashton-in-Makerfield Gtr. Manch. Eston 1212. Affix is an old district name (Macrefeld 1121), from a
Celtic word meaning ‘wall, ruin’ + OE feld ‘open land’. Ashton Keynes Wilts. Æsctun 880–5, Essitone 1086 (DB), Aysheton Keynes 1572. Manorial affix from the de Keynes family, here from the 13th cent. Ashton, Long N. Som. Estune 1086 (DB), Longe Asshton 1467. Affix from the length of the village. Ashton, Steeple & Ashton, West Wilts. Æystone 964, Aistone 1086 (DB), Westaston 1248, Stepelaston 1268. Distinguishing affixes from
OE stepel ‘church steeple’ and west. Ashton under Hill Heref. & Worcs. Æsctun 991, Essetone 1086 (DB), Assheton Underhill 1544. Affix ‘under the hill’ refers to BREDON Hill. Ashton-under-Lyne Gtr. Manch. Haistune c.1160, Asshton under Lyme 1305. Affix is from an old Celtic district name Lyme, probably meaning ‘elm-tree region’. Ashton upon Mersey Gtr. Manch. Asshton 1408. On the River Mersey, ‘boundary river’ from
OE mre (genitive -s) + a.
However some Ashtons have a different origin: Ashton Northants., near Northampton. Asce 1086 (DB), Asshen 1296. ‘(Place at) the ash-trees’.
OE æsc in a dative plural form æscum. Ashton, Higher & Ashton, Lower Devon . Aiserstone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead of a man called Æschere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ashurst,

‘wooded hill growing with ash-trees’,
OE æsc + hyrst: Ashurst Kent . Aeischerste c.1100. Ashurst W. Sussex . Essehurst 1164.

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Ashurstwood W. Sussex . Foresta de Esseherst 1164.

Identical in origin with the previous names.

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Ashwater Devon . Aissa 1086 (DB), Esse Valteri 1270.

‘(Place at) the ash-tree(s)’.
OE æsc + manorial affix from its possession by a man called Walter in the 13th cent.

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Ashwell,

‘spring or stream where ash-trees grow’,
OE æsc + wella: Ashwell Herts. Asceuuelle 1086 (DB). Ashwell Rutland. Exewelle 1086 (DB).

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Ashwellthorpe Norfolk . Aescewelle, Thorp c.1066.

‘Hamlet belonging to a place called Ashwell (‘ash-tree spring or stream’)’.
OE æsc + wella + OScand. thorp.

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Ashwick Somerset . Escewiche 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or farmstead where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + wc.

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Ashwicken Norfolk . Wiche 1086 (DB), Askiwiken 1275.

‘(Place at) the dwellings or buildings’.
OE wc in a dative plural form wcum or a ME plural form wiken. Later addition may be
OE æsc ‘ash-tree’ or a pers. name.

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Askam in Furness Cumbria . Askeham 1535.

Possibly ‘(place at) the ash-trees’.
OScand. askr in a dative plural form askum. For the affix, see BARROW IN FURNESS.

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Askern S. Yorks. Askern c.1170.

‘House near the ash-tree’.
OScand. askr + OE ærn.

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Askerswell Dorset. Oscherwille 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called sgr’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Askham Cumbria . Askum 1232.

‘(Place at) the ash-trees’.
OScand. askr in the dative plural form askum.

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Askham,

‘homestead or enclosure where ash-trees grow’,
OE æsc (replaced by OScand. askr) + OE hm or hamm: Askham Notts. Ascam 1086 (DB). Askham Bryan & Askham Richard York. Ascham 1086 (DB), Ascam Bryan 1285, Askham Ricardi 1291. Manorial additions from early possession by men called Brian and Richard.

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Askrigg N. Yorks. Ascric 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ash-tree ridge’.
OScand. askr + OE ric.

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Askwith N. Yorks. Ascvid 1086 (DB).

‘Ash-tree wood’.
OScand. askr + vithr.

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Aslackby Lincs. Aslachebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Áslákr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Aslacton Norfolk . Aslactuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Áslákr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Aslockton Notts. Aslachetune 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Aspatria Cumbria . Aspatric c.1160.

‘Ash-tree of St Patrick’.
OScand. askr + Celtic pers. name. The order of elements is Celtic.

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Aspenden Herts. Absesdene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where aspen-trees grow’.
OE æspe + denu.

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Aspley Guise Beds. Æpslea 969, Aspeleia 1086 (DB), Aspeleye Gyse 1363.

‘Aspen-tree wood or glade’.
OE æspe + lah, with manorial affix from the de Gyse family, here in the 13th cent.

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Aspull Gtr. Manch. Aspul 1212.

‘Hill where aspen-trees grow’.
OE æspe + hyll.

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Asselby E. R. Yorks. Aschilebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Áskell’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Assendon, Lower & Assendon, Middle Oxon. Assundene late 10th cent.

‘Valley of the ass, or of a man called Assa’.
OE assa or OE pers. name + denu.

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Assington Suffolk . Asetona 1086 (DB), Assintona 1175.

‘Estate associated with a man called As(s)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Astbury Ches. Astbury 1093.

‘East manor or stronghold’.
OE ast + burh (dative byrig).

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Astcote Northants. Aviescote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Æfic’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Asterley Shrops. Estrelega 1208.

‘More easterly woodland clearing’.
OE asterra + lah.

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Asterton Shrops. Esthampton 1255.

‘Eastern home farm’.
OE ast + hm-tn.

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Asthall Oxon. Esthale 1086 (DB).

‘East nook(s) of land’.
OE ast + h(e)alh.

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Asthall Leigh Oxon. Estallingeleye 1272.

‘Woodland clearing of the people of Asthall’.
ASTHALL + OE -inga- + lah.

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Astley,

‘east wood or clearing’,
OE ast + lah: Astley Gtr. Manch. Asteleghe c.1210. Astley Heref. & Worcs. Eslei 1086 (DB). Astley Shrops. Hesleie 1086 (DB). Astley Warwicks. Estleia 1086 (DB). Astley Abbots Shrops. Estleia c.1090, Astleye Abbatis late 13th cent. Affix alludes to early possession by Shrewsbury Abbey.

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Aston,

a common name, usually ‘eastern farmstead or estate’,
OE ast + tn; examples include: Aston S. Yorks. Estone 1086 (DB). Aston W. Mids. Estone 1086 (DB). Aston Blank or Cold Aston Glos. Eastunæ 716–43, Estone 1086 (DB). Affix may be
OFrench blanc ‘white, bare’. Aston Cantlow Warwicks. Estone 1086 (DB), Aston Cantelou 1273. Manorial affix from the de Cantilupe family, here in the 13th cent. Aston , Chetwynd Shrops. Estona 1155, Greate Aston alias Chetwynde Aston 1619. For affix, see CHETWYND. Aston Clinton Bucks. Estone 1086 (DB), Aston Clinton 1237–40. Manorial affix from the de Clinton family, here in the late 12th cent. Aston Fields Heref. & Worcs. Eastun 767, Estone 1086 (DB), Aston Fields 1649. Aston Ingham Heref. & Worcs. Estune 1086 (DB), Estun Ingan 1242. Manorial affix from the Ingan family, here in the 13th cent. Aston Rowant Oxon. Estone 1086 (DB), Aston Roaud 1318. Manorial affix from Rowald de Eston, here in 1236. Aston , Steeple Oxon. Estone 1086 (DB), Stipelestun 1220. Affix is
OE stepel ‘church steeple’. Aston upon Trent Derbys. Estune 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see TRENTHAM. Aston, White Ladies Heref. & Worcs. Eastune 977, Estun 1086 (DB), Whitladyaston 1481. Affix from its possession by the Cistercian nuns of Whitstones.
However the following has a different origin: Aston on Clun Shrops. Assheston 1291. ‘Ash-tree farmstead’.
OE æsc + tn. For the river-name, see CLUN.

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Astrop Northants. Estrop 1200.

‘East hamlet’.
OE ast + throp.

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Astwood,

‘east wood’,
OE ast + wudu: Astwood Bucks. Estwode 1151–4. Astwood Heref. & Worcs. Estwode 1182.

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Aswardby Lincs. Asuuardebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ásvarthr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Aswardby Lincs. Asewrdeby c.1155.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Atcham Shrops. Atingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Ætti or ata’, or ‘homestead at the place associated with Ætti or ata’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm. Alternatively the final element may be hamm ‘land in a river-bend’.

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Atch Lench Heref. & Worcs. ,

see LENCH.

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Athelhampton Dorset. Pidele 1086 (DB), Pidele Athelamston 1285.

Originally named from the River Piddle on which it stands (see PIDDLEHINTON), later ‘farmstead of a man called Æthelhelm’,
OE pers. name + tn.

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Athelington Suffolk . Alinggeton 1219.

‘Farmstead or village of the princes’.
OE ætheling + tn.

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Athelney Somerset . Æthelingaeigge 878, Adelingi 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of the princes’.
OE ætheling + g.

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Atherfield, Little I. of Wight . Aderingefelda 959, Avrefel 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the family or followers of a man called adhere or Æthelhere’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Atherington Devon . Hadrintone 1272.

‘Estate associated with a man called adhere or Æthelhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Atherstone Warwicks. Aderestone 1086 (DB), Atheredestone 1221.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Æthelrd’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Atherstone on Stour Warwicks. Eadrichestone 710, Edricestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called adrc’.
OE pers. name + tn. Affix from its situation on the River Stour, a
Celtic or OE river-name probably meaning ‘the strong one’.

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Atherton Gtr. Manch. Aderton 1212.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Æthelhere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Atlow Derbys. Etelawe 1086 (DB).

‘Burialmound of a man called Eatta’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Attenborough Notts. Adinburcha 12th cent.

‘Stronghold associated with a man called Adda or Æddi’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + burh.

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Attleborough Norfolk . Atleburc 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Ætla’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Attleborough Warwicks. Atteleberga 12th cent.

‘Hill or mound of a man called Ætla’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Attlebridge Norfolk . Atlebruge 1086 (DB).

‘Bridge of a man called Ætla’.
OE pers. name + brycg.

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Atwick E. R. Yorks. Attingwik 12th cent.

‘Dwelling or dairy-farm of a man called Atta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + wc.

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Atworth Wilts. Attenwrthe 1001.

‘Enclosure of a man called Atta’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Aubourn Lincs. Aburne 1086 (DB), Alburn 1275.

‘Stream where alder-trees grow’.
OE alor + burna.

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Auckland, Bishop, Auckland, St Helen & Auckland, West Durham . Alclit c.1040.

Probably a Celtic name meaning ‘rock or hill on a river called Clyde (“the cleansing one”)’. Clyde was probably the original name of the River Gaunless (from
OScand. gagnlauss ‘unprofitable one’). Later distinguishing affixes from possession by the bishop of Durham and from the church dedication to St Helen.

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Auckley S. Yorks. Alchelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Alca or Alha’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Audenshaw Gtr. Manch. Aldwynshawe c.1200.

‘Copse of a man called Aldwine’.
OE pers. name + sceaga.

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Audlem Ches. Aldelime 1086 (DB).

‘Old Lyme’, or ‘the part of Lyme belonging to a man called Alda’.
OE ald or OE pers. name + old Celtic district name Lyme probably meaning ‘elm-tree region’.

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Audley Staffs. Aldidelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Aldgth’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Aughton,

‘farmstead where oak-trees grow’,
OE c + tn: Aughton E. R. Yorks. Actun 1086 (DB). Aughton Lancs., near Lancaster. Acheton 1212. Aughton Lancs., near Ormskirk. Achetun 1086 (DB). Aughton S. Yorks. Actone 1086 (DB).

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Ault Hucknall Derbys. ,

see HUCKNALL.

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Aunsby Lincs. Ounesbi 1086 (DB), Outhenby 1281.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Authunn’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. authn ‘uncultivated land, deserted farm’.

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Aust S. Glos. Austan 794.

Possibly from
Latin Augusta, perhaps alluding to the crossing of the River Severn here used by the Roman Second Legion, the Legio Augusta. Alternatively from the
Latin pers. name Augustinus.

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Austerfield S. Yorks. Eostrefeld c.715, Oustrefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land with a sheepfold’.
OE eowestre + feld.

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Austrey Warwicks. Alduluestreow 958, Aldulvestreu 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of a man called Ealdwulf’.
OE pers. name + trow.

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Austwick N. Yorks. Ousteuuic 1086 (DB).

‘East dwelling or dairy-farm’.
OScand. austr + OE wc.

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Authorpe,

‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Ag(g)i’,
OScand. pers. name + thorp: Authorpe Lincs. Agetorp 1086 (DB). Authorpe Row Lincs. Aghetorp c.1115.

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Avebury Wilts. Aureberie 1086 (DB), Aveberia c.1180.

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Afa’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Aveley Essex . Aluitheleam 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Ælfgth’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Avening Glos. Æfeningum 896, Aveninge 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the people living by the River Avon’.
Celtic river-name (perhaps the original name of the stream here, meaning simply ‘river’) + OE -ingas.

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Averham Notts. Aigrun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place by) the floods or high tides’ (with reference to the Trent bore).
OE gor in a dative plural form grum.

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Aveton Gifford Devon . Avetone 1086 (DB), Aveton Giffard 1276.

‘Farmstead on the River Avon’.
Celtic river-name (meaning simply ‘river’) + OE tn + manorial affix from the Giffard family, here in the 13th cent.

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Avington Berks. Avintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Afa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Avon,

old river-name found several times in England, from a Celtic word meaning simply ‘river’. Of these, the Bristol or Lower Avon gives name to AVONMOUTH; the Wilts./Hants. Avon to AVON, NETHERAVON, and UPAVON; the Devon Avon to AVETON GIFFARD; the Glos./Warwicks. Avon to STRATFORD UPON AVON.

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Avon Hants. Avere 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Avon, see previous entry.

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Avon Dassett Warwicks. ,

see DASSETT.

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Avonmouth Brist. ,

a modern port at the mouth of the River Avon (Afenemuthan 10th cent.).
Celtic river-name (see AVON) + OE mtha.

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Awbridge Hants. Abedric 1086 (DB).

‘Ridge of the abbot’.
OE abbod + hrycg.

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Awliscombe Devon . Aulescome 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley near the fork of a river’.
OE wel + cumb.

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Awre Glos. Avre 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place at) the alder-tree’.
OE alor.

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Awsworth Notts. Ealdeswyrthe 1002, Eldesvorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Eald’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Axbridge Somerset . Axanbrycg 10th cent.

‘Bridge over the River Axe’.
Celtic river-name (meaning uncertain) + OE brycg.

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Axford Wilts. Axeford 1184.

‘Ford by the ash-trees’.
OE æsc + ford.

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Axminster Devon . Ascanmynster late 9th cent., Aixeministra 1086 (DB).

‘Monastery or large church by the River Axe’.
Celtic river-name + OE mynster.

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Axmouth Devon . Axanmuthan c.880, Alsemuda 1086 (DB).

‘Mouth of the River Axe’.
Celtic river-name + OE mtha.

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Aycliffe Durham . Aclea c.1085.

‘Oak-tree wood or clearing’.
OE c + lah.

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Aylburton Glos. Ailbricton 12th cent.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Æthelbeorht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ayle Northum. ,

named from the river on which it stands, Ayle Burn (Alne 1347), a Celtic river-name of uncertain meaning.

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Aylesbeare Devon . Ailesberga 1086 (DB).

‘Grove of a man called Ægel’.
OE pers. name + bearu.

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Aylesbury Bucks. Ægelesburg late 9th cent., Eilesberia 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Ægel’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Aylesby NE. Lincs. Alesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Áli’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Aylesford Kent . Æglesforda 10th cent., Ailesford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Ægel’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Aylesham Kent . Elisham 1367.

Possibly ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Ægel’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Aylestone Leics. Ailestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ægel’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Aylmerton Norfolk . Almartune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Æthelmr’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Aylsham Norfolk . Ailesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Ægel’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Aylton Heref. & Worcs. Aileuetona 1138.

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Æthelgifu’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Aymestrey Heref. & Worcs. Elmodestreu 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of a man called Æthelmund’.
OE pers. name + trow.

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Aynho Northants. Aienho 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of a man called Æga’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hh.

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Ayot St Lawrence & St Peter Herts. Aiegete c.1060, Aiete 1086 (DB).

‘Gap or pass of a man called Æga’.
OE pers. name + geat. Distinguishing affixes from the dedications of the churches at the two places.

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Aysgarth N. Yorks. Echescard 1086 (DB).

‘Gap or open place where oak-trees grow’.
OScand. eiki + skarth.

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Ayston Rutland. Æthelstanestun 1046.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Æthelstn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Aythorpe Roding Essex ,

see RODING.

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Ayton,

‘farmstead or estate on a river’,
OE a (modified by OScand. á) + tn: Ayton, East & Ayton, West N. Yorks. Atune 1086 (DB). Ayton, Great & Ayton, Little N. Yorks. Atun 1086 (DB).

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Azerley N. Yorks. Asserle 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Atsurr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE lah.

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B

Babbacombe Devon . Babbecumbe c.1200.

‘Valley of a man called Babba’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Babcary Somerset . Babba Cari 1086 (DB).

‘Estate on the River Cary held by a man called Babba’.
OE pers. name + Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name (see CARY FITZPAINE).

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Babraham Cambs. Badburgham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a woman called Beaduburh’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Babworth Notts. Baburde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Babba’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Backbarrow Cumbria . Bakbarowe 1537.

‘Hill with a ridge’.
OE bæc + beorg.

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Backford Ches. Bacfort 1150.

‘Ford by a ridge’.
OE bæc + ford.

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Backwell N. Som. Bacoile (sic) 1086 (DB), Bacwell 1202.

‘Spring or stream near a ridge’.
OE bæc + wella.

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Backworth Tyne & Wear. Bacwrth 12th cent.

‘Enclosure of a man called Bacca’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Baconsthorpe Norfolk . Baconstorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a family called Bacon’.
Norman surname + OScand. thorp.

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Bacton,

‘farmstead of a man called Bacca’,
OE pers. name + tn: Bacton Heref. & Worcs. Bachetone 1086 (DB). Bacton Norfolk . Baketuna 1086 (DB). Bacton Suffolk . Bachetuna 1086 (DB).

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Bacup Lancs. Fulebachope c.1200, Bacop 1324.

‘Valley by a ridge’.
OE bæc + hop (prefixed by OE fl ‘foul, muddy’ in the early spelling).

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Badbury Wilts. Baddeburi 955.

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Badda’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Badby Northants. Baddanbyrig 944, Badebi 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name, though the second element was replaced at an early date by
OScand. bý ‘farmstead, village’.

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Baddeley Green Staffs. Baddilige 1227.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Badda’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Baddesley,

‘woodland clearing of a man called Bæddi’,
OE pers. name + lah: Baddesley Ensor Warwicks. Bedeslei 1086 (DB), Baddesley Endeshouer 1327. Manorial affix from the de Edneshoure family (from EDENSOR), here in the 13th cent. Baddesley, North Hants. Bedeslei 1086 (DB).

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Baddow, Great & Baddow, Little Essex . Beadewan c.975, Baduuen 1086 (DB).

Probably a Celtic river-name (an old name for the River Chelmer), of uncertain origin and meaning.

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Badger Shrops. Beghesovre 1086 (DB).

‘Hillspur of a man called Bæcg’.
OE pers. name + ofer.

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Badgeworth, Badgworth,

‘enclosure of a man called Bæcga’,
OE pers. name + worth: Badgeworth Glos. Beganwurthan 862, Beiewrda 1086 (DB). Badgworth Somerset . Bagewerre 1086 (DB).

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Badingham Suffolk . Badincham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village associated with a man called Bada’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + hm.

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Badlesmere Kent . Badelesmere 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘pool of a man called Bæddel’.
OE pers. name + mere.

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Badminton, Great & Badminton, Little S. Glos. Badimyncgtun 972, Madmintune (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Baduhelm’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Badsey Heref. & Worcs. Baddeseia 709, Badesei 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Bæddi’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Badsworth W. Yorks. Badesuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Bæddi’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Badwell Ash Suffolk . Badewell 1254, Badewelle Asfelde 13th cent.

‘Spring or stream of a man called Bada’.
OE pers. name + wella + later affix from shortened form of ASHFIELD.

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Bagborough, West Somerset . Bacganbeorg 904, Bageberge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill of a man called Bacga’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Bagby N. Yorks. Baghebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Baggi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Bag Enderby Lincs. ,

see ENDERBY.

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Bagendon Glos. Benwedene (sic) 1086 (DB), Baggingeden 1220.

‘Valley of the family or followers of a man called Bæcga’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + denu.

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Baginton Warwicks. Badechitone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Badeca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bagley Shrops. Bageleia c.1090.

Probably ‘wood or clearing frequented by badgers’.
OE bagga + lah.

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Bagnall Staffs. Badegenhall 1273.

Probably ‘nook of land of a man called Badeca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Bagshot Surrey . Bagsheta 1164.

‘Projecting piece of land frequented by badgers’.
OE bagga + scat.

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Bagshot Wilts. Bechesgete 1086 (DB).

‘Gate or gap of a man called Beocc’.
OE pers. name + geat.

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Bagthorpe Norfolk . Bachestorp 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Bakki or Bacca’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Bagworth Leics. Bageworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Bæcga’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Baildon W. Yorks. Bægeltune, Bældune c.1030, Beldune 1086 (DB).

‘Circle hill’.
OE bgel + dn.

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Bainbridge N. Yorks. Bainebrigg 1218.

‘Bridge over the River Bain’.
OScand. river-name (‘the short or helpful one’) + OE brycg.

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Bainton Cambs. Badingtun c.980.

‘Estate associated with a man called Bada’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bainton E. R. Yorks. Bagentone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Bga’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bakewell Derbys. Badecanwelle 949, Badequella 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Badeca’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Balcombe W. Sussex . Balecumba late 11th cent.

Possibly ‘valley of a man called Bealda’.
OE pers. name + cumb. Alternatively the first element may be
OE bealu ‘evil, calamity’.

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Baldersby N. Yorks. Baldrebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Baldhere’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Balderstone Lancs. Baldreston 1323.

‘Farmstead of a man called Baldhere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Balderton Notts. Baldretune 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Baldock Herts. Baldoce c.1140.

This place was founded in the 12th cent. by the Knights Templars, who called it Baldac, the
OFrench form for the Arabian city of Baghdad.

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Baldon, Marsh & Baldon, Toot Oxon. Balde(n)done 1086 (DB), Mersse Baldindon 1241, Totbaldindon 1316.

‘Hill of a man called Bealda’.
OE pers. name + dn. Distinguishing affixes from
OE mersc ‘marsh’ and tt(e) ‘look-out hill’.

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Baldwinholme Cumbria . Baldewinholme 1278.

‘Island or water-meadow of a man called Baldwin’.
OGerman pers. name + OScand. holmr.

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Bale Norfolk . Bathele 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where there are springs used for bathing’.
OE bæth + lah.

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Balham Gtr. London . Bælgenham 957, Belgeham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘smooth or rounded enclosure’.
OE bealg + hamm.

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Balkholme E. R. Yorks. Balcholm 1199.

‘Island with a low ridge’, or ‘island of a man called Balki’.
OE balca or OScand. pers. name + OScand. holmr.

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Ballingham Heref. & Worcs. Badelingeham 1215.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Badela’, or ‘homestead at the place associated with Badela’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm. Alternatively the second element may be
OE hamm ‘land in a river-bend’.

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Balne N. Yorks. Balne 12th cent.

Probably from
Latin balneum ‘a bathing place’.

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Balsall W. Mids. Beleshale 1185.

‘Nook of land of a man called Bæll(i)’.
OE pers. name + halh. Temple Balsall is so called because it belonged to the Knights Templars from 1185.

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Balscott Oxon. Berescote (sic) 1086 (DB), Belescot c.1190.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Bæll(i)’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Balsham Cambs. Bellesham 974, Belesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Bæll(i)’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Balterley Staffs. Baltrytheleag 1002, Baltredelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Baldthrth’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Baltonsborough Somerset . Balteresberghe 744, Baltunesberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or mound of a man called Bealdhn’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Bamber Bridge Lancs. Bymbrig

in an undated medieval document. Probably ‘tree-trunk bridge’.
OE bam + brycg.

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Bamburgh Northum. Bebbanburge c.710–20.

‘Stronghold of a queen called Bebbe’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Bamford Derbys. Banford 1086 (DB).

‘Treetrunk ford’.
OE bam + ford.

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Bampton,

usually ‘farmstead made of beams or by a tree’,
OE bam + tn: Bampton Cumbria . Bampton c.1160. Bampton Oxon. Bemtun 1069, Bentone 1086 (DB). Bampton, Little Cumbria . Parua Bampton 1227.
However the following has a different origin: Bampton Devon . Badentone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead of the dwellers by the pool’.
OE bæth + hme + tn.

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Banbury Oxon. Banesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Ban(n)a’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Banham Norfolk . Benham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where beans are grown’.
OE ban + hm or hamm.

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Banningham Norfolk . Banincham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of the family or followers of a man called Ban(n)a’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Banstead Surrey . Benestede 1086 (DB).

‘Place where beans are grown’.
OE ban + stede.

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Banwell N. Som. Bananwylle 904, Banwelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of the murderer, or containing water thought to be poisonous’.
OE bana ‘killer’ + wella.

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Bapchild Kent . Baccancelde 696–716.

‘Spring of a man called Bacca’.
OE pers. name + celde.

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Barbon Cumbria . Berebrune 1086 (DB).

‘Stream frequented by bears or beavers’.
OE bere + burna or OScand. bjórr + brunnr.

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Barby Northants. Berchebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on the hill(s)’.
OScand. berg + bý.

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Barcheston Warwicks. Berricestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Beadurc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Barcombe E. Sussex. Bercham (sic) 1086 (DB), Berecampe 12th cent.

‘Enclosed land used for barley’.
OE bere + camp.

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Barden N. Yorks., near Leyburn. Bernedan 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley where barley is grown’.
OE beren + denu.

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Bardfield, Great & Bardfield, Little, Bardfield Saling Essex . Byrdefelda 1086 (DB), Berdeford Saling 13th cent.

‘Open land by a bank or border’.
OE byrde + feld. Affix from the neighbouring parish of GREAT SALING.

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Bardney Lincs. Beardaneu 731, Bardenai 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Bearda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Bardsea Cumbria . Berretseige 1086 (DB).

‘Island of a man called Beornrd’.
OE pers. name + g or OScand. ey.

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Bardsey W. Yorks. Berdesei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘island (of higher land) of a man called Beornrd’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Bardsley Gtr. Manch. Berdesley 1422.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Beornrd’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Bardwell Suffolk . Berdeuuella 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘spring or stream of a man called Bearda’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Barford,

usually ‘barley ford’, i.e. ‘ford used at harvest time’,
OE bere + ford; examples include: Barford Norfolk . Bereforda 1086 (DB). Barford Warwicks. Bereforde 1086 (DB). Barford, Great Beds. Bereforde 1086 (DB). Barford St Martin Wilts. Bereford 1086 (DB), Berevord St Martin 1304. Affix from the dedication of the church. Barford St Michael Oxon. Bereford 1086 (DB), Bereford Sancti Michaelis c.1250. Affix from the dedication of the church.
However the following has a different origin: Barford, Little Beds. Bereforde (sic) 1086 (DB), Berkeford 1202. ‘Ford where birch-trees grow’.
OE beorc + ford.

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Barfreston Kent . Berfrestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Beornfrith’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Barham Cambs. Bercheham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure on a hill’.
OE beorg + hm or hamm.

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Barham Kent . Bioraham 799, Berham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Be(o)ra’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Barham Suffolk . Bercham 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with BARHAM (Cambs.).

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Barholm Lincs. Berc(a)ham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure on a hill’.
OE beorg + hm or hamm.

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Barkby Leics. Barchebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Brkr or Barki’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Barkestone Leics. Barchestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Barkr or Brkr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Barkham Berks. Beorchamme 952, Bercheham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure or river-meadow where birch-trees grow’.
OE beorc + hamm.

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Barking,

‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Berica’,
OE pers. name + -ingas: Barking Gtr. London . Berecingum 731, Berchinges 1086 (DB). Barking Suffolk . Berchinges c.1050, Berchingas 1086 (DB).

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Barkisland W. Yorks. Barkesland 1246.

‘Cultivated land of a man called Barkr’.
OScand. pers. name + land.

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Barkston,

‘farmstead of a man called Barkr or Brkr’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Barkston Lincs. Barchestune 1086 (DB). Barkston N. Yorks. Barcestune c.1030, Barchestun 1086 (DB).

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Barkway Herts. Bercheuuei 1086 (DB).

‘Birch-tree way’.
OE beorc + weg.

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Barkwith, East & Barkwith, West Lincs. Barcuurde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosure of a man called Barki’.
OScand. pers. name + OE worth.

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Barlaston Staffs. Beorelfestun 1002, Bernulvestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Beornwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Barlavington W. Sussex . Berleventone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Beornlf’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Barlborough Derbys. Barleburh c.1002, Barleburg 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stronghold near the wood frequented by boars’.
OE br + lah + burh.

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Barlby N. Yorks. Bardulbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Beardwulf or Bardulf’.
OE or OGerman pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Barlestone Leics. Berulvestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Beornwulf or Berwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Barley Herts. Beranlei c.1050, Berlai 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Be(o)ra’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Barley Lancs. Bayrlegh 1324.

‘Woodland clearing frequented by boars, or where barley is grown’.
OE br or bere + lah.

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Barling Essex . Bærlingum 998, Berlinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Brla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Barlow Derbys. Barleie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing frequented by boars, or where barley is grown’.
OE br or bere + lah.

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Barlow N. Yorks. Bernlege c.1030, Berlai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing with a barn, or where barley is grown’.
OE bere-ærn or beren + lah.

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Barmby,

probably ‘farmstead of the children, i.e. one held jointly by a number of heirs’ from
OScand. barn + bý; alternatively ‘farmstead of a man called Barni or Bjarni’ from
OScand. pers. name + bý: Barmby Moor E. R. Yorks. Barnebi 1086 (DB), Barneby in the More 1371. Affix is
OE mr ‘moor’. Barmby on the Marsh E. R. Yorks Bærnabi c.1050, Barnebi 1086 (DB). Affix is
OE mersc ‘marsh’.

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Barmer Norfolk . Benemara (sic) 1086 (DB), Beremere 1202.

‘Pool frequented by bears’, or ‘pool of a man called Bera’.
OE bera or pers. name + mere.

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Barming, East Kent . Bermelinge, Bermelie 1086 (DB).

Origin and meaning uncertain.

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Barmston E. R. Yorks. Benestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Beorn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Barnack Cambs. Beornican c.980, Bernac 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place at) the oak-tree(s) of the warriors’.
OE beorn + c.

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Barnacle Warwicks. Bernhangre 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded slope by a barn’.
OE bereærn + hangra.

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Barnard Castle Durham . Castellum Bernardi 1200.

‘Castle of a baron called Bernard’. He was here in the 12th cent.

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Barnardiston Suffolk . Bernardeston 1194.

‘Farmstead of a man called Beornheard’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Barnby,

probably ‘farmstead of the children, i.e. one held jointly by a number of heirs’,
OScand. barn + bý; alternatively the first element of some names may be the
OScand. pers. name Barni or Bjarni; examples include: Barnby Suffolk . Barnebei 1086 (DB). Barnby Dun S. Yorks. Barnebi 1086 (DB), Barneby super Don 1285. Affix means ‘on the River Don’. Barnby, East & Barnby, West N. Yorks. Barnebi 1086 (DB). Barnby in the Willows Notts. Barnebi 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘among the willow-trees’. Barnby Moor Notts. Barnebi 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘on the moor’.

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Barnes Gtr. London . Berne 1086 (DB).

‘(Place by) the barn or barns’.
OE bereærn.

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Barnet, Chipping, Barnet, East & Barnet, Friern Gtr. London . Barneto c.1070, Chepyng Barnet 1329, Est Barnet c.1275, Frerenbarnet 1274.

‘Land cleared by burning’.
OE bærnet. Distinguishing affixes are
OE ceping ‘market, ast ‘east’ and
ME freren ‘of the brothers’ (referring to early possession by the Knights of St John of Jerusalem). Chipping Barnet has also been known as High Barnet since the 17th cent.

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Barnetby le Wold N. Lincs. Bernedebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Beornnth or Beornede’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý. Affix means ‘on the wold(s)’, referring to its situation at the northern edge of the Lincolnshire WOLDS.

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Barney Norfolk . Berlei (sic) 1086 (DB), Berneie 1198.

Possibly ‘island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Bera’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Barnham Suffolk . Byornham c.1000, Bernham 1086 (DB).

‘Warrior homestead’, or ‘homestead of a man called Beorn’.
OE beorn or OE pers. name + hm.

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Barnham W. Sussex . Berneham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of the warriors, or of a man called Beorna’.
OE beorn or OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Barnham Broom Norfolk . Bernham 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with BARNHAM (Suffolk). Affix is
OE brm ‘broom’.

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Barningham,

‘homestead or village of the family or followers of a man called Beorn’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm: Barningham Durham . Berningham 1086 (DB). Barningham Suffolk . Bernincham 1086 (DB). Barningham, Little Norfolk . Berningeham 1086 (DB).

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Barnoldby le Beck NE. Lincs. Bernulfbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Bjrnulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + OScand. bý. Affix means ‘on the stream’ from
OScand. bekkr.

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Barnoldswick Lancs. Bernulfesuuic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Beornwulf or Bjrnulfr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE wc.

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Barnsbury Gtr. London . Bernersbury 1406.

‘Manor of the de Berners family’, from
ME bury. This family held land in Islington from the 13th cent.

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Barnsley Glos. Bearmodeslea c.802, Bernesleis 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Beornmd’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Barnsley S. Yorks. Berneslai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Beorn’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Barnstaple Devon . Beardastapol late 10th cent., Barnestaple 1086 (DB).

‘Post or pillar of the battle-axe’, probably signifying the site of a meeting-place.
OE bearde (genitive -an) + stapol.

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Barnston Essex . Bernestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Beorn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Barnston Mersey. Bernestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Beornwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Barnstone Notts. Bernestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Beorn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Barnton Ches. Bertintune 1086 (DB), Bertherton 1313, Berneton 1319.

‘Farmstead of a woman called Beornthrth’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Barnwell All Saints Northants. Byrnewilla c.980, Bernewelle 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘spring or stream of the warriors, or of a man called Beorna’.
OE beorn or OE pers. name + wella. Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Barnwood Glos. Berneuude 1086 (DB).

‘Wood of the warriors, or of a man called Beorna’.
OE beorn or OE pers. name + wudu.

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Barr, Great W. Mids. Bearre 957, Barre 1086 (DB).

Celtic barr ‘hill-top’.

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Barrasford Northum. Barwisford 1242.

‘Ford by a grove’.
OE bearu (genitive bearwes) + ford.

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Barrington Cambs. Barentone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Bra’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + tn.

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Barrington Somerset . Barintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Bra’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Barrington, Great & Barrington, Little Glos. Berni(n)tone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Beorn(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Barrow,

usually ‘(place at) the wood or grove’,
OE bearu (in a dative form bearwe); examples include: Barrow Suffolk . Baro 1086 (DB). Barrow, Great & Barrow, Little Ches. Barue 958, Bero 1086 (DB). Barrow Gurney N. Som. Berue 1086 (DB), Barwe Gurnay 1283. Affix from possession by Nigel de Gurnai in 1086. Barrow, North & Barrow, South Somerset . Berue, Berrowene 1086 (DB). Barrow upon Humber N. Lincs. Ad Baruae 731, Barewe 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see HUMBER. Ad in the early form is
Latin ‘at’. Barrow upon Soar Leics. Barhou 1086 (DB). Soar is a Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name probably meaning ‘flowing one’. Barrow upon Trent Derbys. Barewe 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see TRENTHAM.
However some Barrows have a different origin: Barrow Rutland, near Oakham. Berc 1197. ‘(Place at) the hill or burial mound’.
OE beorg. Barrow in Furness Cumbria . Barrai 1190. ‘Promontory island’.
Celtic barr + OScand. ey. The old district name Furness (Fuththernessa c.1150) means ‘headland by the rump-shaped island’,
OScand. futh (genitive -ar) + nes.

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Barrowby Lincs. Bergebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on the hill(s)’.
OScand. berg + bý.

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Barrowden Rutland. Berchedone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill with barrows or tumuli’.
OE beorg + dn.

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Barrowford Lancs. Barouforde 1296.

‘Ford by the grove’.
OE bearu + ford.

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Barsby Leics. Barnesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the child or young heir, or of a man called Barn’.
OScand. barn or pers. name + bý.

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Barsham,

‘homestead or village of a man called Br’,
OE pers. name + hm: Barsham Norfolk . Barseham 1086 (DB). Barsham Suffolk . Barsham 1086 (DB).

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Barston W. Mids. Bertanestone 1086 (DB), Berestanestona 1185.

Probably ‘farmstead or estate of a man called Beorhtstn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Bartestree Heref. & Worcs. Bertoldestreu 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of a man called Beorhtwald’.
OE pers. name + trow.

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Barthomley Ches. Bertemeleu (sic) 1086 (DB), Bertamelegh 13th cent.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of the dwellers at a place called Brightmead or Brightwell or the like’. The first element of an older place-name (possibly
OE beorht ‘bright’) + hme + lah.

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Bartley,

‘birch-tree wood or clearing’,
OE beorc + lah: Bartley Hants. Berchelai 1107. Bartley Green W. Mids. Berchelai 1086 (DB).

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Bartlow Cambs. Berkelawe 1232.

‘Mounds or tumuli where birch-trees grow’.
OE beorc + hlw.

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Barton,

a common name, usually
OE bere-tn, bær-tn ‘barley farm, outlying grange where corn is stored’; examples include: Barton Cambs. Barton 1060, Bertone 1086 (DB). Barton Devon, near Torquay. Bertone 1333. Barton Glos., near Guiting. Berton 1158. Barton Lancs., near Preston. Bartun 1086 (DB). Barton Bendish Norfolk . Bertuna 1086 (DB), Berton Binnedich 1249. Affix means ‘inside the ditch’ (
OE binnan + dc) referring to Devil's Dyke. Barton, Earls Northants. Bartone 1086 (DB), Erlesbarton 1261. Affix from the Earl of Huntingdon who held the manor in the 12th cent. Barton, Great Suffolk . Bertuna 945, 1086 (DB), Magna Bertone 1254. Early affix is
Latin magna ‘great’. Barton in Fabis Notts. Bartone 1086 (DB), Barton in le Benes 1388. Latin affix means ‘where beans are grown’. Barton le Clay Beds. Bertone 1086 (DB), Barton-in-the-Clay 1535. Affix means ‘on clay soil’. Barton Mills Suffolk . Bertona 1086 (DB), Parva Bertone 1254. Early affix is
Latin parva ‘little’. Barton Seagrave Northants. Bertone 1086 (DB), Barton Segrave 1321. Manorial affix from the de Segrave family, here in the 13th cent. Barton Stacey Hants. Bertune c.1000, Bertune 1086 (DB), Berton Sacy 1302. Manorial affix from the de Saci family, here in the 12th cent. Barton Turf Norfolk . Bertuna 1086 (DB), Berton Turfe 1394. Affix is
ME turf, presumably because good turf was cut here. Barton under Needwood Staffs. Barton 942, Bertone 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘near or within the forest of NEEDWOOD’. Barton upon Humber N. Lincs. Bertone 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see HUMBER.
However the following has a different origin: Barton on Sea Hants. Bermintune 1086 (DB). ‘Estate associated with a man called Beorma’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Barugh, Great & Barugh, Little N. Yorks. Berg, Berch 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the hill’.
OE beorg.

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Barway Cambs. Bergeia 1155.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, with barrows or tumuli on it’.
OE beorg + g.

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Barwell Leics. Barewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream frequented by boars’.
OE br + wella.

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Barwick,

‘barley farm, outlying part of an estate’,
OE bere-wc: Barwick Somerset . Berewyk 1219. Barwick in Elmet W. Yorks. Bereuuith 1086 (DB). Elmet is an ancient district name, obscure in origin and meaning, first recorded in the 7th cent. as Elmed.

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Baschurch Shrops. Bascherche 1086 (DB).

‘Church of a man called Bas(s)a’.
OE pers. name + cirice.

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Bascote Warwicks. Bachecota 1174.

Probably ‘cottage(s) of a man called Basuca’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Basford Staffs. Bechesword (sic) 1086 (DB), Barkeford 1199.

Probably ‘ford of a man called Beorcol’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Bashall Eaves Lancs. Bacschelf 1086 (DB).

‘Ridge shelf’.
OE bæc + scelf. Later addition Eaves (from 16th cent.) is from
OE efes ‘edge of a wood’.

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Bashley Hants. Bageslucesleia 1053, Bailocheslei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Bægloc’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Basildon Essex . Berlesduna (sic) 1086 (DB), Bertlesdon 1194.

‘Hill of a man called Beorhtel’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Basing Hants. Basengum 871, Basinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Basa’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. The same tribal group is referred to in the next name.

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Basingstoke Hants. Basingastoc 990, Basingestoches 1086 (DB).

‘Secondary settlement or outlying farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Basa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + stoc.

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Baslow Derbys. Basselau 1086 (DB).

‘Burial mound of a man called Bassa’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Bassenthwaite Cumbria . Bastunthuait c.1175.

‘Clearing or meadow of a family called Bastun’.
ME surname + OScand. thveit.

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Bassetlaw (district) Notts. Bernesedelaue 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘mound or hill of the dwellers on land cleared by burning’.
OE bærnet + ste + hlw.

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Bassingbourn Cambs. Basingborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream of the family or followers of a man called Bas(s)a’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + burna.

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Bassingfield Notts. Basingfelt 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the family or followers of a man called Bas(s)a’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Bassingham Lincs. Basingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of the family or followers of a man called Bas(s)a’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Bassingthorpe Lincs. Torp 1086 (DB), Basewinttorp 1202.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet’.
OScand. thorp + later manorial addition from possession by the Basewin family.

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Baston Lincs. Bacstune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Bak’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Bastwick Norfolk . Bastwic 1044–7, Bastuuic 1086 (DB).

‘Farm or building where bast (the bark of the lime-tree used for rope-making) is stored’.
OE bæst + wc.

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Batcombe,

‘valley of a man called Bata’,
OE pers. name + cumb: Batcombe Dorset. Batecumbe 1201. Batcombe Somerset, near Bruton. Batancumbæ 10th cent., Batecumbe 1086 (DB).

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Bath B. & NE. Som. Bathum 796, Bade 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the (Roman) baths’.
OE bæth in a dative plural form. See also AKEMAN STREET.

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Bathampton B. & NE. Som. Hamtun 956, Hantone 1086 (DB).

OE hm-tn ‘home farm, homestead’ with later addition from its proximity to BATH.

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Bathealton Somerset . Badeheltone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Beaduhelm’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Batheaston B. & NE. Som. Estone 1086 (DB), Batheneston 1258.

‘East farmstead or village’.
OE ast + tn with later addition from its proximity to BATH.

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Bathford B. & NE. Som. Forda 957, Forde 1086 (DB), Bathford 1575.

‘(Place at) the ford’.
OE ford with later addition from its proximity to BATH.

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Bathley Notts. Badeleie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing with springs used for bathing’.
OE bæth + lah.

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Batley W. Yorks. Bathelie 1086 (DB)

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Bata’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Batsford Glos. Bæccesore 727–36, Beceshore 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-slope of a man called Bæcci’.
OE pers. name + ra.

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Battersby N. Yorks. Badresbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Bthvarr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Battersea Gtr. London . Badrices ege 11th cent., Patricesy 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Beadurc’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Battisford Suffolk . Betesfort 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Bætti’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Battle E. Sussex. La Batailge 1086 (DB).

‘(Place of) the battle’.
OFrench bataille. The abbey here was founded to commemorate the battle of Hastings in 1066.

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Battlefield Shrops. Batelfeld 1415.

‘Field of battle’.
OFrench bataille. A college of secular canons was founded here to commemorate the battle of Shrewsbury in 1403.

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Battlesden Beds. Badelesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Bæddel’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Baughurst Hants. Beaggan hyrste 909.

‘Wooded hill of a man called Beagga’.
OE pers. name + hyrst. Alternatively the first element may be
OE bagga ‘a badger’.

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Baumber Lincs. Badeburg 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Badda’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Baunton Glos. Baudintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Balda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Baverstock Wilts. Babbanstoc 968, Babestoche 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Babba’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Bavington, Great & Bavington, Little Northum. Babington 1242.

‘Estate associated with a man called Babba’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bawburgh Norfolk . Bauenburc 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Bawa’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Bawdeswell Norfolk . Baldereswella 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Baldhere’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Bawdrip Somerset . Bagetrepe 1086 (DB).

‘Place where badgers are trapped or snared’.
OE bagga + træppe.

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Bawdsey Suffolk . Baldereseia 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Baldhere’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Bawtry S. Yorks. Baltry 1199.

Probably ‘tree rounded like a ball’.
OE ball + trow.

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Baxenden Lancs. Bastanedenecloch 1194.

‘Valley where flat stones for baking are found’.
OE bæc-stn + denu, with
OE clh ‘ravine’ in the early form.

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Baxterley Warwicks. Basterleia c.1170.

‘Woodland clearing belonging to the baker’.
OE bæcestre + lah.

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Baycliff Cumbria . Belleclive 1212.

Possibly ‘cliff where a signal-fire is lit’.
OE bl + clif.

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Baydon Wilts. Beidona 1146.

‘Hill where berries grow’.
OE beg + dn.

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Bayford Herts. Begesford (sic) 1086 (DB), Begeford c.1090.

‘Ford of a man called Bga’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Baylham Suffolk . Beleham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure at a river-bend’.
OE bgel + hm or hamm.

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Bayston Shrops. Begestan 1086 (DB).

‘Stone of a woman called Bage or of a man called Bga’.
OE pers. name + stn. Bayston Hill is Beystaneshull 1301, from
OE hyll.

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Bayswater Gtr. London . Bayards Watering Place 1380.

‘Watering place for horses, or belonging to a family called Bayard’.
ME bayard (or ME surname from this word) + water.

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Bayton Heref. & Worcs. Betune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a woman called Bage or of a man called Bga’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Beachampton Bucks. Bechentone 1086 (DB).

‘Home farm by a stream’.
OE bece + hm-tn.

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Beachley Glos. Beteslega 12th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Betti’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Beachy Head E. Sussex. Beuchef 1279.

‘Beautiful headland’.
OFrench beau + chef, with the (tautological) addition of head in recent times.

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Beaconsfield Bucks. Bekenesfelde 1184.

‘Open land near a beacon or signal-fire’.
OE bacen + feld.

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Beadlam N. Yorks. Bodlum 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the buildings’.
OE bthl in a dative plural form bthlum.

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Beadnell Northum. Bedehal 1161.

‘Nook of land of a man called Bda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Beaford Devon . Baverdone (sic) 1086 (DB), Beuford 1242.

‘Ford infested with gadflies’.
OE baw + ford.

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Beal Northum. Behil 1208–10.

‘Hill frequented by bees’.
OE bo + hyll.

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Beal N. Yorks. Begale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land in a river-bend’.
OE bag + halh.

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Bealings, Great & Bealings, Little Suffolk . Belinges 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the dwellers in the glade, or by the funeral pyre’.
OE bel- or bl + -ingas.

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Beaminster Dorset. Bebingmynster 862, Beiminstre 1086 (DB).

‘Large church of a woman called Bebbe’.
OE pers. name + mynster.

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Beamish Durham . Bewmys 1288.

‘Beautiful mansion’.
OFrench beau + mes.

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Beamsley N. Yorks. Bedmesleia 1086 (DB), Bethmesleia 1185.

‘Pasture or meadow at or by the valley bottom’.
OE lah with an
OE bethme (a side-form of bothm).

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Beane (river) Herts. ,

see BENINGTON.

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Beanley Northum. Benelega c.1150.

‘Clearing where beans are grown’.
OE ban + lah.

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Bearley Warwicks. Burlei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing near a fortified place’.
OE burh + lah.

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Bearpark Durham . Beaurepayre 1267.

‘Beautiful retreat’.
OFrench beau + repaire.

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Bearsted Kent . Berghamstyde 695.

‘Homestead on a hill’.
OE beorg + hm-stede.

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Beauchief S. Yorks. Beuchef 12th cent.

‘Beautiful headland or hill-spur’.
OFrench beau + chef.

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Beaulieu Hants. Bellus Locus Regis 1205, Beulu c.1300.

‘Beautiful place (of the king)’.
OFrench beau + lieu (often rendered in Latin, as in the first spelling).

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Beaumont,

‘beautiful hill’,
OFrench beau or bel + mont: Beaumont Cumbria . Beumund c.1240. Beaumont Essex . Fulepet 1086 (DB), Bealmont 12th cent. The earlier name means ‘foul pit’ from
OE fl + pytt!

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Beausale Warwicks. Beoshelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Beausala 12th cent.

‘Nook of land of a man called Baw’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Beaworthy Devon . Begeurde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a woman called Bage or of a man called Bga’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Bebington Mersey. Bebinton c.1100.

‘Estate associated with a woman called Bebbe or a man called Bebba’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bebside Northum. Bibeshet 1198.

Probably ‘projecting piece of land of a man called Bibba’.
OE pers. name + scat.

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Beccles Suffolk . Becles 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘pasture by a stream’.
OE bece + ls.

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Becconsall Lancs. Bekaneshou 1208.

‘Burial mound of a man called Bekan’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. haugr.

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Beckbury Shrops. Becheberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold or manor of a man called Becca’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Beckenham Gtr. London . Beohha hammes gemæru 973, Bacheham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Beohha’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm. The early form contains
OE (ge)mre ‘boundary’.

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Beckford Heref. & Worcs. Beccanford 803, Beceford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Becca’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Beckham Norfolk . Beccheham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Becca’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Beckhampton Wilts. Bachentune 1086 (DB).

‘Home farm near the ridge’.
OE bæc + hm-tn.

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Beckingham,

‘homestead or enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Becca or Beohha’,
OE pers. name + hm or hamm: Beckingham Lincs. Bekingeham 1177. Beckingham Notts. Bechingeham 1086 (DB).

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Beckington Somerset . Bechintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Becca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Beckley,

‘woodland clearing of a man called Becca’,
OE pers. name + lah: Beckley E. Sussex. Beccanlea c.880. Beckley Oxon. Beccalege 1005–12, Bechelie 1086 (DB).

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Becontree Gtr. London . Beuentreu (sic) 1086 (DB), Begintre 12th cent.

‘Tree of a man called Beohha’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + trow. The tree marked the Hundred meeting-place.

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Bedale N. Yorks. Bedale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Bda’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Bedburn Durham . Bedburn 1291.

‘Stream of a man called Bda’.
OE pers. name + burna.

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Beddingham E. Sussex. Beadyngham c.800, Bedingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Promontory of the family or followers of a man called Bada’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hamm.

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Beddington Gtr. London . Beaddinctun 901–8, Beddintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Beadda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bedfield Suffolk . Berdefelda (sic) 1086 (DB), Bedefeld 12th cent.

‘Open land of a man called Bda’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Bedfont, East (Gtr. London ) & Bedfont, West (Surrey ). Bedefunt 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘spring provided with a drinking-vessel’.
OE byden + funta.

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Bedford Beds. Bedanford 880, Bedeford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Beda’.
OE pers. name + ford. Bedfordshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Bedhampton Hants. Betametone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of the dwellers where beet is grown’.
OE bte + hme + tn.

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Bedingfield Suffolk . Bedingefelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the family or followers of a man called Bda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Bedlington Northum. Bedlingtun c.1050.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Bdla or Btla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bednall Staffs. Bedehala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Bda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Bedstone Shrops. Betietetune 1086 (DB), Bedeston 1176.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Bedgat’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Bedworth Warwicks. Bedeword 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called B(a)da’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Bedwyn, Great & Bedwyn, Little Wilts. Bedewinde 778, Bedvinde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘place where bindweed or convolvulus grows’.
OE bedwinde.

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Beeby Leics. Bebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village where bees are kept’.
OE bo + OScand. bý.

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Beech Staffs. Le Bech 1285.

‘(Place at) the beech-tree’.
OE bce.

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Beech Hill Berks. Le Bechehulle 1384.

‘Hill where beech-trees grow’.
OE bce + hyll.

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Beechingstoke Wilts. Stoke 941, Bichenestoch 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead where bitches or hounds are kept’.
OE bicce (genitive plural -na) + stoc.

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Beeding, Lower & Beeding, Upper W. Sussex . Beadingum c.880, Bedinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Bada’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Beedon Berks. Bydene 965, Bedene 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the tub-shaped valley’.
OE byden.

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Beeford E. R. Yorks. Biuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘(Place) by the ford’, or ‘ford where bees are found’.
OE b or bo + ford.

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Beeley Derbys. Begelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Bage or a man called Bga’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Beelsby E. R. Yorks. Belesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Beli’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Beenham Berks. Benham 12th cent.

‘Homestead or enclosure where beans are grown’.
OE ban + hm or hamm.

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Beer Devon . Bera 1086 (DB).

‘(Place by) the grove’.
OE bearu.

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Beer Crocombe Somerset . Bere 1086 (DB).

‘The grove’, or ‘the woodland pasture’.
OE bearu or br + manorial affix from the Craucombe family, here in the 13th cent.

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Beer Hackett Dorset. Bera 1176, Berehaket 1362.

‘The grove’, or ‘the woodland pasture’.
OE bearu or br + manorial affix from a 12th cent. owner called Haket.

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Beesby Lincs. Besebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Besi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Beeston,

usually ‘farmstead where bent-grass grows’,
OE bos + tn: Beeston Beds. Bistone 1086 (DB). Beeston Norfolk . Bestone 1254. Beeston Notts. Bestune 1086 (DB). Beeston W. Yorks. Bestone 1086 (DB). Beeston Regis Norfolk . Besetune 1086 (DB). Affix is
Latin regis ‘of the king’.
However the following has a different origin: Beeston Ches. Buistane 1086 (DB). Probably ‘stone or rock where commerce takes place’.
OE byge + stn.

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Beetham Cumbria . Biedun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place by) the embankments’.
OScand. beth in a dative plural form bjthum.

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Beetley Norfolk . Betellea 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘clearing where beet is grown’.
OE bte + lah.

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Begbroke Oxon. Bechebroc 1086 (DB).

‘Brook of a man called Becca’.
OE pers. name + brc.

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Beighton Norfolk . Begetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a woman called Bage or of a man called Bga’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Beighton S. Yorks. Bectune c.1002, 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the stream’.
OE bece + tn.

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Bekesbourne Kent . Burnes 1086 (DB), Bekesborne 1280.

‘Estate on the river called Burna’ (from
OE burna ‘stream’ referring to the Little Stour), with later manorial affix from the de Beche family, here in the late 12th cent.

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Belaugh Norfolk . Belaga 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosure where the dead are cremated’.
OE bl + haga.

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Belbroughton Heref. & Worcs. Beolne, Broctun 817, Bellem, Brocton 1086 (DB), Bellebrocton 1292.

Originally two distinct names. Bell is an old river-name, probably from
OE beolone ‘henbane’; Broughton is ‘farmstead on the brook’,
OE brc + tn.

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Belchamp Otten, Belchamp St Paul & Belchamp Walter Essex . Bylcham c.940, Belcham, Belcamp 1086 (DB), Belcham Otes 1256, Belchampe of St Paul 1451, Waterbelcham 1297.

Probably ‘homestead with a beamed or vaulted roof’.
OE belc + hm. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by a man called Otto, by St Paul's Cathedral, and by a man called Walter.

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Belchford Lincs. Beltesford 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford of a man called Belt’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Belford Northum. Beleford 1242.

Possibly ‘ford by the bell-shaped hill’.
OE belle + ford.

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Belleau Lincs. Elgelo 1086 (DB).

‘Meadow of a man called Helgi’.
OScand. pers. name + ló. The modern form, as if from a French name meaning ‘beautiful water’, is unhistorical.

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Bellerby N. Yorks. Belgebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Belgr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Bellingham Gtr. London . Beringaham 998, Belingeham 1198.

‘Homestead or enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Bera’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm or hamm.

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Bellingham Northum. Bellingham 1254.

‘Homestead of the dwellers at the bell-shaped hill’, or simply ‘homestead at the bell-shaped hill’.
OE belle + -inga- or -ing + hm.

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Belmesthorpe Rutland. Beolmesthorp c.1050, Belmestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Beornhelm’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Belmont Gtr. London ,

near Sutton, not on record before the 18th cent., ‘beautiful hill’ from
OFrench bel + mont. The same name occurs in other counties, for example Belmont Lancs. which is Belmunt 1212.

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Belper Derbys. Beurepeir 1231.

‘Beautiful retreat’.
OFrench beau + repaire.

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Belsay Northum. Bilesho 1163.

‘Hill-spur of a man called Bil(1)’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Belsize Herts. ,

not on record before the mid 19th cent., but a common name-type found as Bellasis , Bellasize , etc. in other counties and meaning ‘beautiful seat or residence’, from
OFrench bel + assis.

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Belstead Suffolk . Belesteda 1086 (DB).

‘place in a glade’ or ‘place of a funeral pyre’.
OE bel or bl + stede.

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Belstone Devon . Bellestam (sic) 1086 (DB), Belestan 1167.

‘(Place at) the bell-shaped stone’.
OE belle + stn.

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Beltoft N. Lincs. Beltot 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead near a funeral pyre, or on dry ground in marsh’.
OE bl or bel + OScand. toft.

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Belton,

meaning uncertain, ‘farmstead in a glade or on dry ground in marsh’, or ‘farmstead near a beacon or funeral pyre’,
OE bel or bl + tn; Belton Leics., near Shepshed. Beltona c.1125. Belton Lincs. Beltone 1086 (DB). Belton Norfolk . Beletuna 1086 (DB). Belton N. Lincs. Beltone 1086 (DB). Belton Rutland. Belton late 11th cent., Bealton 1167.

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Belvoir Leics. Belveder 1130.

‘Beautiful view’.
OFrench bel + vedeir.

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Bembridge I. of Wight . Bynnebrygg 1316.

‘(Place lying) inside (i.e. this side of) the bridge’.
OE binnan + brycg.

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Bemerton Wilts. Bimertone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the trumpeters’.
OE bmere + tn.

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Bempton E. R. Yorks. Bentone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead made of beams, or by a tree’.
OE bam + tn.

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Benacre Suffolk . Benagra 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated plot where beans are grown’.
OE ban + æcer.

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Benefield, Upper & Benefield, Lower Northants. Beringafeld 10th cent., Benefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the family or followers of a man called Bera’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Benenden Kent . Bingdene 993, Benindene 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland pasture associated with a man called Bionna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + denn.

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Benfleet Essex . Beamfleote 10th cent., Benflet 1086 (DB).

‘Tree-trunk creek’, perhaps referring to a bridge.
OE bam + flot.

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Benhall Green Suffolk . Benenhala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land where beans are grown’.
OE banen + halh.

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Beningbrough N. Yorks. Benniburg 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold associated with a man called Beonna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + burh.

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Benington Herts. Benintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the River Beane’.
Pre-English river-name (of uncertain origin and meaning) + OE -ing- + tn.

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Benington Lincs. Benigtun 12th cent.

‘Farmstead associated with a man called Beonna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bennington, Long Lincs. Beningtun 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Benniworth Lincs. Beningurde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Beonna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + worth.

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Ben Rhydding W. Yorks. ,

not recorded until 1858, from the pers. name Ben and rydding ‘a clearing’.

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Benson Oxon. Bænesingtun c.900, Besintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Benesa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Benthall Shrops., near Broseley. Benethala 12th cent.

‘Nook of land where bent-grass grows’.
OE beonet + halh.

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Bentham,

‘homestead or enclosure where bent-grass grows’,
OE beonet + hm or hamm: Bentham Glos. Benetham 1220. Bentham, High & Bentham, Lower N. Yorks. Benetain (sic) 1086 (DB), Benetham 1214.

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Bentley,

a common name, ‘woodland clearing where bent-grass grows’,
OE beonet + lah; examples include: Bentley Hants., near Alton. Beonetleh c.965, Benedlei 1086 (DB). Bentley E. R. Yorks. Benedlage 1086 (DB). Bentley S. Yorks. Benedleia 1086 (DB). Bentley, Fenny Derbys. Benedlege 1086 (DB), Fennibenetlegh 1272. Affix is
OE fennig ‘marshy’. Bentley, Great & Bentley, Little Essex . Benetleye c.1040, Benetlea 1086 (DB).

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Bentworth Hants. Binteworda 1130.

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Binta’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Benwick Cambs. Beymwich 1221.

‘Farm where beans are grown’, or ‘farm by a tree-trunk’.
OE ban or bam + wc.

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Beoley Heref. & Worcs. Beoleah 972, Beolege 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing frequented by bees’.
OE bo + lah.

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Bepton W. Sussex . Babintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a woman called Bebbe or a man called Bebba’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Berden Essex . Berdane 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley with a woodland pasture’.
OE br + denu.

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Bere Alston Devon . Alphameston 1339, Berealmiston c.1450.

‘Farmstead of a man called Ælfhelm’.
OE pers. name + tn, with Bere from BERE FERRERS.

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Bere Ferrers Devon . Birlanda (sic) 1086 (DB), Ber 1242, Byr Ferrers 1306.

‘Woodland pasture’, or ‘wood, grove’,
OE br or bearu (in the first spelling with land ‘estate’). Manorial affix from the de Ferers family, here in the 13th cent.

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Bere Regis Dorset. Bere 1086 (DB), Kyngesbyre 1264.

‘Woodland pasture’, or ‘wood, grove’,
OE br or bearu. Affix is
Latin regis ‘of the king’.

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Bergholt,

‘Wood on or by a hill’,
OE beorg + holt: Bergholt, East Suffolk . Bercolt 1086 (DB). Bergholt, West Essex . Bercolt 1086 (DB).

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Berkeley Glos. Berclea 824, Berchelai 1086 (DB).

‘Birch-tree wood or clearing’.
OE beorc + lah.

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Berkhamsted, Great Herts. Beorhthanstædæ 10th cent., Berchehamstede 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead on or near a hill’.
OE beorg + hm-stede.

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Berkhamsted, Little Herts. Berchehamstede 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead where birch-trees grow’.
OE beorc + hm-stede.

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Berkley Somerset . Berchelei 1086 (DB).

‘Birch-tree wood or clearing’.
OE beorc + lah.

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Berkshire (the county ). Berrocscire 893.

An ancient
Celtic name meaning ‘hilly place’ + OE scr ‘shire, district’.

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Berkswell W. Mids. Berchewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Beorcol’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Bermondsey Gtr. London . Vermundesei (sic) c.712, Bermundesye 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Beornmund’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Berrick Salome Oxon. Berewiche 1086 (DB), Berwick Sullame 1571.

‘Barley farm’, or ‘outlying part of an estate’.
OE bere-wc + manorial affix from early possession by the de Suleham family.

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Berrier Cumbria . Berghgerge 1166.

‘Shieling or pasture on a hill’.
OScand. berg + erg.

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Berrington Northum. Berigdon 1208–10.

‘Hill with a fortification’.
OE burh (genitive or dative byrig) + dn.

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Berrington Shrops. Beritune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead associated with a fortification’.
OE burh (genitive or dative byrig) + tn.

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Berrow Somerset . Burgh 973, Berges 1196.

‘(Place at) the hill(s) or mound(s)’.
OE beorg, with reference to the sand-dunes here.

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Berrow Green Heref. & Worcs. Berga 1275.

‘(Place at) the hill or mound’.
OE beorg.

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Berrynarbor Devon . Biria c.1150, Bery Narberd 1244.

‘(Place at) the fortification’.
OE burh (dative byrig) + manorial affix from the Nerebert family, here in the 13th cent.

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Berry Pomeroy Devon . Beri 1086 (DB), Bury Pomery 1281.

Identical in origin with the previous name. Manorial affix from the de Pomerei family, here from the 11th cent.

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Bersted W. Sussex . Beorganstede 680.

Probably ‘homestead by a tumulus’.
OE beorg + hm-stede.

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Berwick,

a common name, from
OE bere-wc ‘barley farm, outlying part of an estate’; examples include: Berwick Bassett Wilts. Berwicha 1168, Berewykbasset 1321. Manorial affix from the Basset family, here in the 13th cent. Berwick St James Wilts. Berewyk Sancti Jacobi c.1190. Affix St James (
Latin Jacobus) from the dedication of the church. Berwick St John Wilts. Berwicha 1167, Berewyke S. Johannis 1265. Affix from the dedication of the church. Berwick St Leonard Wilts. Berewica 12th cent., Berewyk Sancti Leonardi 1291. Affix from the dedication of the church. Berwick upon Tweed Northum. Berewich 1167, Berewicum super Twedam 1229. For the river-name, see TWEEDMOUTH.

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Besford Heref. & Worcs. Bettesford 972, Beford (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Betti’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Bessacarr S. Yorks. Beseacra 1182.

‘Cultivated plot where bent-grass grows’.
OE bos + æcer.

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Bessels Leigh Oxon. ,

see LEIGH.

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Bessingham Norfolk . Basingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Basa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Besthorpe,

‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Bsi, or where bent-grass grows’,
OScand. pers. name or OE bos + OScand. thorp: Besthorpe Norfolk . Besethorp 1086 (DB). Besthorpe Notts. Bestorp 1147.

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Beswick E. R. Yorks. Basewic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Bsi or Bessi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE wc.

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Betchworth Surrey . Becesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Becci’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Bethersden Kent . Baedericesdaenne c.1100.

‘Woodland pasture of a man called Beadurc’.
OE pers. name + denn.

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Bethnal Green Gtr. London . Blithehale 13th cent., Blethenalegrene 1443.

‘Nook of land of a man called Bltha’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh, with the later addition of grne ‘village green’. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE stream-name Blthe meaning ‘the gentle one’.

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Betley Staffs. Betelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Bette’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Betteshanger Kent . Betleshangre 1176.

Probably ‘wooded slope by a house or building’.
OE (ge)bytle + hangra.

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Bettiscombe Dorset. Bethescomme 1129.

‘Valley of a man called Betti’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Betton,

probably ‘farmstead or estate where beech-trees grow’,
OE bce + tn: Betton Shrops. near Binweston. Betune 1086 (DB). Betton Shrops., near Market Drayton. Baitune 1086 (DB), Bectona 1121.

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Bevercotes Notts. Beurecote 1165.

‘Place where beavers have built their nests’.
OE beofor + cot.

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Beverley E. R. Yorks. Beferlic c.1025, Bevreli 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stream frequented by beavers’.
OE beofor + licc.

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Beverstone Glos. Beurestane 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(boundary) stone of a man called Beofor’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Bewaldeth Cumbria . Bualdith 1255.

‘Homestead or estate of a woman called Aldgth’.
OScand. bú + OE pers. name. The order of elements is Celtic.

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Bewcastle Cumbria . Bothecastre 12th cent.

‘Roman fort within which shelters or huts were situated’.
OScand. búth + OE ceaster.

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Bewdley Heref. & Worcs. Beuleu 1275.

‘Beautiful place’.
OFrench beau + lieu.

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Bewerley N. Yorks. Beurelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing frequented by beavers’.
OE beofor + lah.

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Bewholme E. R. Yorks. Begun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the river-bends’.
OE bag or OScand. bjúgr in a dative plural form bagum or bjúgum.

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Bexhill E. Sussex. Bixlea 772, Bexelei 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing where box-trees grow’.
OE byxe + lah.

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Bexington Dorset. Bessintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village where box-trees grow’.
OE byxen + tn.

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Bexley Gtr. London . Byxlea 814.

‘Wood or clearing where box-trees grow’.
OE byxe + lah. Bexleyheath is a more recent name with the addition heath.

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Bexwell Norfolk . Bekeswella 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Bac’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Beyton Suffolk . Begatona 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a woman called Bage or of a man called Bga’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Bibury Glos. Beaganbyrig 8th cent., Begeberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold or manor house of a woman called Bage’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig). Bage is named as leasing the estate in a document dated 718–45.

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Bicester Oxon. Bernecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Fort of the warriors, or of a man called Beorna’.
OE beorn or OE pers. name + ceaster.

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Bickenhall Somerset . Bichehalle 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hall of a man called Bica’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + heall.

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Bickenhill W. Mids. Bichehelle 1086 (DB), Bikenhulle 1202.

Probably ‘hill with a point, projecting hill’.
OE bica (genitive -n) + hyll.

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Bicker Lincs. Bichere 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘village marsh’, from
OScand. bý + kjarr. Alternatively ‘(place) by the marsh’, with
OE b as first element.

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Bickerstaffe Lancs. Bikerstad late 12th cent.

‘Landing-place of the bee-keepers’.
OE bcere + stæth.

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Bickerton,

‘farmstead of the bee-keepers’,
OE bcere + tn: Bickerton Ches. Bicretone 1086 (DB). Bickerton N. Yorks. Bicretone 1086 (DB).

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Bickington,

‘estate associated with a man called Beocca’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Bickington Devon, near Ashburton. Bechintona 1107. Bickington, Abbots Devon . Bicatona 1086 (DB), Abbots Bekenton 1580. Affix from early possession by Hartland Abbey. Bickington, High Devon . Bichentona 1086 (DB), Heghebuginton 1423. Affix is
OE hah ‘high’.

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Bickleigh, Bickley,

probably ‘woodland clearing on or near a pointed ridge’,
OE bica + lah: Bickleigh Devon, near Plymouth. Bicheleia 1086 (DB). Bickleigh Devon, near Tiverton. Bicanleag 904, Bichelia 1086 (DB). Bickley Gtr. London . Byckeleye 1279. Bickley Moss Ches. Bichelei 1086 (DB). Later addition is
OE mos ‘peat-bog’.

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Bicknacre Essex . Bikenacher 1186.

Probably ‘cultivated plot of a man called Bica’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + æcer.

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Bicknoller Somerset . Bykenalre 1291.

‘Alder-tree of a man called Bica’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + alor.

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Bicknor Kent . Bikenora 1186.

Probably ‘slope below the pointed hill’.
OE bica (genitive -n) + ra.

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Bicknor, English Glos. Bicanofre 1086 (DB), Englise Bykenore 1248.

Probably ‘ridge with a point’.
OE bica (genitive -n) + ofer. Affix from its situation on the English side of the River Wye.

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Bicknor, Welsh Heref. & Worcs. Bykenore Walens 1291.

Identical in origin with the previous name, with distinguishing affix from its situation on the Welsh side of the River Wye.

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Bickton Hants. Bichetone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Bica’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Bicton Shrops., near Shrewsbury. Bichetone (sic) 1086 (DB), Bikedon 1204.

Probably ‘hill with a pointed ridge’.
OE bica + dn.

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Bidborough Kent . Bitteberga c.1100.

‘Hill or mound of a man called Bitta’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Biddenden Kent . Bidingden 993.

‘Woodland pasture associated with a man called Bida’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + denn.

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Biddenham Beds. Bidenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead, or land in a river-bend, of a man called Beda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Biddestone Wilts. Bedestone 1086 (DB), Bedeneston 1187.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Bedin or Bede’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Biddisham Somerset . Biddesham 1065.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Biddi’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Biddlesden Bucks. Betesdene (sic) 1086 (DB), Bethlesdena 12th cent.

Probably ‘valley with a house or building’.
OE bythle + denu. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE pers. name Byttel.

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Biddlestone Northum. Bidlisden 1242.

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Biddulph Staffs. Bidolf 1086 (DB).

‘(Place) by the pit or quarry’.
OE b + dylf.

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Bideford Devon . Bedeford 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ford at the stream called Bd’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain origin and meaning) + OE a + ford.

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Bidford on Avon Warwicks. Budiford 710, Bedeford 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with the previous name, but alternatively the first element may be an
OE bydic ‘trough, deep place’.

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Bidston Mersey. Budeston, Bediston 1260, Budestan 1286.

Probably ‘rocky hill with a house or building’.
OE bythle + stn.

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Bielby E. R. Yorks. Belebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Beli’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Bierley W. Yorks. Birle 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing by the stronghold’.
OE burh (genitive byrh) + lah.

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Bierton Bucks. Bortone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near the stronghold’.
OE byrh-tn.

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Bigbury Devon . Bicheberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Bica’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Bigby Lincs. Bechebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Bekki’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Biggin Hill Gtr. London . Byggunhull 1499.

‘Hill with or near a building’.
ME bigging + OE hyll.

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Biggleswade Beds. Pichelesuuade (sic) 1086 (DB), Bicheleswada 1132.

‘Ford of a man called Biccel’.
OE pers. name + wæd.

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Bighton Hants. Bicincgtun 959, Bighetone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Bica’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bignor W. Sussex . Bigenevre 1086 (DB).

‘Hill brow of a man called Bicga’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + yfer.

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Bilborough Notts. Bileburch 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Bila or Billa’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Bilbrook Staffs. Bilrebroch 1086 (DB).

‘Brook where watercress grows’.
OE billere + brc.

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Bilbrough N. Yorks. Mileburg (sic) 1086 (DB), Billeburc 1167.

Identical in origin with BILBOROUGH.

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Bildeston Suffolk . Bilestuna 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with BILSTONE.

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Billericay Essex . Byllyrica 1291.

Probably from a medieval
Latin word bellerca meaning ‘dyehouse or tanhouse’.

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Billesdon Leics. Billesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Bill’.
OE pers. name + dn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE bill ‘sword’ used of a pointed hill.

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Billesley Warwicks. Billeslæh 704–9, Billeslei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Bill’.
OE pers. name + lah. Alternatively the first element may be
OE bill ‘pointed hill’.

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Billing, Great & Billing, Little Northants. Bel(l)inge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Bill or Billa’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Billingborough Lincs. Billingeburg 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stronghold of the family or followers of a man called Bill or Billa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + burh.

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Billinge Mersey. Billing 1202.

Probably
OE bil(l)ing ‘a hill, a sharp ridge’.

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Billingham Stock. on T. Billingham c.1050.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Bill or Billa’, or ‘homestead at the place associated with Bill(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm. Alternatively the first element may be
OE bil(l)ing ‘a hill’.

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Billinghay Lincs. Belingei 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of the family or followers of a man called Bill or Billa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + g.

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Billingley S. Yorks. Bilingeleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Bill or Billa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Billingshurst W. Sussex . Bellingesherst 1202.

Probably ‘wooded hill of a man called Billing’.
OE pers. name + hyrst. Alternatively the first element may be
OE bil(l)ing ‘a hill, a sharp ridge’.

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Billington Beds. Billendon 1196.

‘Hill of a man called Billa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Billington Lancs. Billingduna 1196.

‘Hill with a sharp ridge’.
OE bil(l)ing + dn.

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Billockby Norfolk . Bithlakebei 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Bithil-Áki’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Bilney,

‘island near a ridge’, or ‘island of a man called Bil(l)a’,
OE bile or OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g: Bilney, East Norfolk . Billneye 1254. Bilney, West Norfolk . Bilenei 1086 (DB).

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Bilsborrow Lancs. Billesbure 1187.

‘Stronghold of a man called Bill’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Bilsby Lincs. Billesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Bildr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Bilsington Kent . Bilsvitone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a woman called Bilswth’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Bilsthorpe Notts. Bildestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Bildr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. bildr ‘angle’ used figuratively for ‘hill, promontory’.

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Bilston W. Mids. Bilsetnatun 996, Billestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the dwellers at the sharp ridge’.
OE bill + ste (genitive plural stna) + tn.

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Bilstone Leics. Bildestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Bildr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. bildr ‘angle’ used figuratively for ‘hill, promontory’.

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Bilton,

usually ‘farmstead of a man called Bill or Billa’,
OE pers. name + tn: Bilton E. R. Yorks. Bil(l)etone 1086 (DB). Bilton Northum. Bylton 1242. Bilton N. Yorks. Biletone 1086 (DB).
However with a different origin is: Bilton Warwicks. Beltone, Bentone 1086 (DB). Possibly ‘farmstead where henbane grows’.
OE beolone + tn.

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Binbrook Lincs. Binnibroc 1086 (DB).

‘(Place) enclosed by the brook’, or ‘brook of a man called Bynna’.
OE binnan or OE pers. name + brc. OE binn(e) ‘manger, stall’, perhaps used in a figurative sense ‘valley’, would also be a possible first element.

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Bincombe Dorset. Beuncumbe 987, Beincome 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley where beans are grown’.
OE ban + cumb.

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Binegar Somerset . Begenhangra 1065.

Probably ‘wooded slope of a woman called Bage’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hangra. Alternatively the first element may be
OE begen ‘growing with berries’.

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Binfield Berks. Benetfeld c.1160.

‘Open land where bent-grass grows’.
OE beonet + feld.

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Binfield Heath Oxon. Benifeld 1177.

Probably identical in origin with the previous name, but possibly ‘open land of a man called Beona’,
OE pers. name + feld. The addition heath is found from the 16th cent.

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Bingfield Northum. Bingefeld 1181.

Probably ‘open land of the family or followers of a man called Bynna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld. Alternatively in this and the following two names the first element may be an
OE bing ‘a hollow’.

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Bingham Notts. Bingheham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Bynna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm. But see BINGFIELD.

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Bingley W. Yorks. Bingelei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Bynna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah. But see BINGFIELD.

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Binham Norfolk . Binneham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Bynna’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Binley W. Mids. Bilnei 1086 (DB).

‘Island near a ridge’, or ‘island of a man called Bil(l)a’.
OE bile or pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Binstead I. of Wight . Benestede 1086 (DB).

‘Place where beans are grown’,
OE ban + stede.

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Binsted Hants. Benestede 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Binton Warwicks. Bynningtun c.1005, Beninton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Bynna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bintree Norfolk . Binnetre 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of a man called Bynna’.
OE pers. name + trow.

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Binweston Shrops. Binneweston 1292.

Probably ‘west farmstead of a man called Bynna’.
OE pers. name + west + tn.

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Birch Essex . Bric(ce)iam 1086 (DB).

OE bryce ‘land newly broken up for cultivation’.

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Birch, Much & Birch, Little Heref. & Worcs. Birches 1252.

‘(Place at) the birch-tree(s).’
OE birce. The affix Much is from
OE micel ‘great’.

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Bircham, Great, Bircham Newton, Bircham Tofts Norfolk . Brecham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead by newly cultivated ground’.
OE brc + hm. Bircham Newton is Niwetuna 1086 (DB), ‘new farmstead’,
OE nwe + tn. Bircham Tofts is Toftes 1205,
OScand. toft ‘homestead’.

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Birchanger Essex . Bilichangra (sic) 1086 (DB), Birichangre 12th cent.

‘Wooded slope growing with birch-trees’.
OE birce + hangra.

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Bircher Heref. & Worcs. Burchoure 1212.

‘Ridge where birch-trees grow’.
OE birce + ofer.

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Birchington Kent . Birchenton 1240.

‘Farmstead where birch-trees grow’.
OE bircen + tn.

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Birchover Derbys. Barcovere (sic) 1086 (DB), Birchoure 1226.

‘Ridge where birch-trees grow’.
OE birce + ofer.

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Birdbrook Essex . Bridebroc 1086 (DB).

‘Brook frequented by birds’.
OE bridd + brc.

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Birdham W. Sussex . Bridham 683, Brideham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure frequented by birds’.
OE bridd + hm or hamm.

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Birdlip Glos. Bridelepe 1221.

Probably ‘steep place frequented by birds’.
OE bridd + hlp.

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Birdsall N. Yorks. Brideshala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Bridd’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Birkby N. Yorks. Bretebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the Britons’.
OScand. Bretar + bý. The same name occurs in W. Yorks. and Cumbria.

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Birkdale Mersey. Birkedale c.1200.

‘Valley where birch-trees grow’.
OScand. birki + dalr.

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Birkenhead Mersey. Bircheveth c.1200.

‘Headland where birch-trees grow’.
OE birce, bircen (with Scand. -k-) + hafod.

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Birkenshaw W. Yorks. Birkenschawe 1274.

‘Small wood or copse where birch-trees grow’.
OE bircen (with Scand. -k-) + sceaga.

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Birkin N. Yorks. Byrcene c.1030, Berchine 1086 (DB).

‘Place growing with birch-trees’.
OE bircen (with Scand. -k-).

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Birley Heref. & Worcs. Burlei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing near a stronghold’.
OE burh + lah.

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Birling,

probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Brla’,
OE pers. name + -ingas: Birling Kent . Boerlingas 788, Berlinge 1086 (DB). Birling Northum. Berlinga 1187.

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Birlingham Heref. & Worcs. Byrlingahamm 972, Berlingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Land in a river-bend of the family or followers of a man called Byrla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hamm.

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Birmingham W. Mids. Bermingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Beorma’, or ‘homestead at the place associated with Beorma’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm.

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Birstall Leics. Burstelle 1086 (DB).

OE burhstall ‘the site of a stronghold’.

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Birstall W. Yorks. Birstale 12th cent.

Identical in meaning with the previous name, but from
OE byrh-stall.

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Birstwith N. Yorks. Beristade 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farm built on the site of a lost farm’.
OScand. býjar-stathr.

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Birtley,

‘bright clearing’,
OE beorht + lah: Birtley Northum. Birtleye 1229. Birtley Tyne & Wear. Britleia 1183.

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Bisbrooke Rutland. Bitlesbroch 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘brook of a man called Bitel or Byttel’,
OE pers. name + brc. Alternatively ‘brook infested by water-beetles’, from an
OE bitel ‘beetle’.

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Bisham Berks. Bistesham 1086 (DB), Bistlesham 1199.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Byssel’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Bishampton Heref. & Worcs. Bisantune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead of a man called Bisa’.
OE pers. name + hm-tn.

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Bishop, Bishops

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Bishop Auckland (Durham) see AUCKLAND.

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Bishopsbourne Kent . Burnan 799, Burnes 1086 (DB), Biscopesburne 11th cent.

‘Estate on the river called Burna’ (from
OE burna ‘stream’ referring to the Little Stour), with later affix (
OE biscop) from its possession by the Archbishop of Canterbury.

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Bishop's Castle Shrops. Castrum Episcopi 1255, Bisshopescastel 1282.

Named from the castle (
Latin castrum,
ME castel) erected c.1127 by the Bishop of Hereford.

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Bishopsteignton Devon . Taintona 1086 (DB), Teynton Bishops 1341.

‘Farmstead on the River Teign’.
Celtic river-name (see TEIGNMOUTH) + OE tn, with manorial affix from its possession by the Bishop of Exeter in 1086.

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Bishopstoke Hants. Stoches 1086 (DB), Stoke Episcopi c.1270.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet (of the bishop)’.
OE stoc with later addition from its possession by the Bishop of Winchester.

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Bishopstone,

‘the bishop's estate’,
OE biscop + tn; examples include: Bishopstone Bucks. Bissopeston 1227. Bishopstone E. Sussex. Biscopestone 1086 (DB). Bishopstone Heref. & Worcs. Biscopestone 1166. Bishopstone Wilts., near Swindon. Bissopeston 1186. Bishopstone Wilts., near Wilton. Bissopeston 1166.

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Bishopsworth Brist. Biscopewrde 1086 (DB).

‘The bishop's enclosure’.
OE biscop + worth.

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Bishopthorpe York. Torp 1086 (DB), Biscupthorp 1275.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet held by the bishop’.
OE biscop + OScand. thorp.

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Bishopton Durham . Biscoptun 1104–8.

‘The bishop's estate’.
OE biscop + tn.

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Bisley Glos. Bislege 986, Biselege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Bisa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Bisley Surrey . Busseleghe 933.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Byssa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Bispham,

‘the bishop's estate’,
OE biscop + hm: Bispham Lancs. Biscopham 1086 (DB). Bispham Green Lancs. Biscopehaim c.1200.

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Bisterne Close Hants. Betestre (sic) 1086 (DB), Budestorn 1187.

Probably ‘thorn-tree of a man called Bytti’.
OE pers. name + thorn.

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Bitchfield Lincs. Billesfelt 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Bill’.
OE pers. name + feld. Alternatively the first element may be
OE bill ‘sword’ used figuratively for ‘hill, promontory’.

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Bittadon Devon . Bedendone (sic) 1086 (DB), Bettenden 1205.

‘Valley of a man called Beotta’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Bittering Norfolk . Britringa 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Beorhthere’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Bitterley Shrops. Buterlie 1086 (DB).

‘Pasture which produces good butter’.
OE butere + lah.

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Bitterne Hants. Byterne c.1090.

Possibly ‘house near a bend’.
OE byht + ærn.

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Bitteswell Leics. Betmeswelle 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘spring or stream in a broad valley’.
OE bytm + wella.

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Bitton S. Glos. Betune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Boyd’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain origin and meaning) + OE tn.

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Bix Oxon. Bixa 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the box-tree wood’.
OE byxe.

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Blaby Leics. Bladi (sic) 1086 (DB), Blabi 1175.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Blár’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Black

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Black Bourton (Oxon.) see BOURTON.

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Blackawton Devon . Auetone 1086 (DB), Blakeauetone 1281.

‘Farmstead of a man called Afa’.
OE pers. name + tn. Affix is
OE blæc ‘dark-coloured’ (referring to soil or vegetation).

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Blackborough,

‘dark-coloured hill’,
OE blæc + beorg: Blackborough Devon . Blacaberga 1086 (DB). Blackborough End Norfolk . Blakeberge c.1150.

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Blackburn Lancs. Blacheburne 1086 (DB).

‘Dark-coloured stream’.
OE blæc + burna.

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Blackden Heath Ches. Blakedene 1287.

‘Dark valley’.
OE blæc + denu.

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Blackfield Hants. ,

a recent name, self-explanatory.

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Blackford Somerset, near Wedmore. Blacford 1227.

‘Dark ford’.
OE blæc + ford.

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Blackfordby Leics. Blakefordebi c.1125.

‘Farmstead at the dark ford’.
OE blæc + ford + OScand. bý.

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Blackgang I. of Wight ,

first recorded in 1781, ‘the dark path or track’, from dialect gang.

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Blackheath Gtr. London . Blachehedfeld 1166.

‘Dark-coloured heathland’.
OE blæc + hth (with feld ‘open land’ in the early form).

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Blackland Wilts. Blakeland 1194.

‘Dark-coloured cultivated land’.
OE blæc + land.

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Blackley Gtr. Manch. Blakeley 1282.

‘Dark wood or clearing’.
OE blæc + lah.

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Blackmoor Hants. Blachemere 1168.

‘Dark-coloured pool’.
OE blæc + mere.

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Blackmore Essex . Blakemore 1213.

‘Dark-coloured marshland’.
OE blæc + mr.

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Blackpool Lancs. Pul c.1260, Blackpoole 1602.

‘Dark-coloured pool’.
OE blæc + pull.

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Blackrod Gtr. Manch. Blacherode c.1189.

‘Dark clearing’.
OE blæc + rodu.

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Blackthorn Oxon. Blaketorn 1190.

‘(Place at) the blackthorn or sloe-tree’.
OE blæc-thorn.

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Blacktoft E. R. Yorks. Blaketofte c.1160.

‘Dark-coloured homestead’.
OE blæc + OScand. toft.

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Blackwell,

‘dark-coloured spring or stream’,
OE blæc + wella: Blackwell Derbys., near Buxton. Blachewelle 1086 (DB). Blackwell Durham . Blakewell 1183. Blackwell Warwicks. Blacwælle 964, Blachewelle 1086 (DB).

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Blacon Ches. Blachehol (sic) 1086 (DB), Blachenol 1093.

‘Dark-coloured hill’.
OE blæc + cnoll.

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Bladon Oxon. Blade 1086 (DB).

A pre-English river-name of uncertain origin and meaning, an old name of the River EVENLODE.

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Blagdon,

‘dark-coloured hill’,
OE blæc + dn: Blagdon N. Som. Blachedone 1086 (DB). Blagdon Devon . Blakedone 1242. Blagdon Somerset . Blakedona 12th cent.

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Blaisdon Glos. Blechedon 1186.

‘Hill of a man called Blæcci’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Blakemere Heref. & Worcs. Blakemere 1249.

‘Dark-coloured pool’.
OE blæc + mere.

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Blakeney,

‘dark-coloured island or dry ground in marsh’,
OE blæc (dative blacan) + g: Blakeney Glos. Blakeneia 1196. Blakeney Norfolk . Blakenye 1242.

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Blakenhall Ches. Blachenhale 1086 (DB).

‘Dark nook of land’.
OE blæc (dative blacan) + halh.

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Blakenham, Great & Blakenham, Little Suffolk . Blac(he)ham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Blaca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Blakesley Northants. Blaculveslei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Blæcwulf’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Blanchland Northum. Blanchelande 1165.

‘White woodland glade’.
OFrench blanche + launde.

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Blandford Forum, Blandford St Mary Dorset. Blaneford 1086 (DB), Blaneford Forum 1297, Blaneford St Mary 1254.

Probably ‘ford where blay or gudgeon are found’.
OE blge (genitive plural blgna) + ford. Distinguishing affixes from
Latin forum ‘market’ and from the dedication of the church.

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Blankney Lincs. Blachene (sic) 1086 (DB), Blancaneia 1157.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Blanca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Blaston Leics. Bladestone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Blath’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Blatchington,

‘estate associated with a man called Blæcca’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Blatchington, East E. Sussex. Blechinton 1169. Blatchington, West E. Sussex. Blacinctona 1121.

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Blatherwycke Northants. Blarewiche 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farm where bladder-plants grow’.
OE bldre + wc.

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Blawith Cumbria . Blawit 1276.

‘Dark wood’.
OScand. blár + vithr.

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Blaxhall Suffolk . Blaccheshala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land belonging to a man called Blæc’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Blaxton S. Yorks. Blacston 1213.

‘Black boundary stone’.
OE blæc + stn.

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Blaydon Tyne & Wear. Bladon 1340.

Probably ‘cold or cheerless hill’.
OScand. blár + OE dn.

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Bleadon N. Som. Bleodun 956, Bledone 1086 (DB),

‘Variegated hill’.
OE blo + dn.

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Blean Kent . Blean 724, Blehem (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place in) the rough ground’.
OE bla (dative -n).

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Bleasby Notts. Blisetune 956, Blesby 1268.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Blesi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý (
OE tn in the earliest form).

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Bledington Glos. Bladintun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Bladon’.
Pre-English river-name of uncertain origin and meaning (an old name of River EVENLODE) + OE tn.

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Bledlow Bucks. Bleddanhlæw 10th cent., Bledelai 1086 (DB).

‘Burial-mound of a man called Bledda’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Blencarn Cumbria . Blencarn 1159.

‘Cairn or rock summit’.
Celtic blain + carn.

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Blencogo Cumbria . Blencoggou c.1190.

‘Cuckoos' summit’.
Celtic blain + cog (plural cogow).

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Blencow, Great & Blencow, Little Cumbria . Blenco 1231, Blenkhaw 1255.

Celtic blain ‘summit’ with an obscure second element, to which
OScand. haugr ‘hill’ has been added.

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Blendworth Hants. Blednewrthie c.1170.

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Bldna’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Blennerhasset Cumbria . Blennerheiseta 1188.

Celtic blain ‘summit’ with an obscure second element, to which
OScand. hey ‘hay’ and str ‘shieling’ have been added.

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Bletchingdon Oxon. Blecesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Blecci’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Bletchingley Surrey . Blachingelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Blæcca’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Bletchley Bucks. Blechelai 12th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Blæcca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Bletchley Shrops. Blecheslee 1222.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Blæcca or Blecci’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Bletsoe Beds. Blechesho 1086 (DB).

‘Hillspur of a man called Blecci’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Blewbury Oxon. Bleobyrig 944, Blidberia (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-fort with variegated soil’.
OE blo + burh (dative byrig).

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Blickling Norfolk . Blikelinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Blicla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Blidworth Notts. Blideworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Bltha’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Blindcrake Cumbria . Blenecreyc 12th cent.

‘Rock summit’.
Celtic blain + creig.

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Blisland Cornwall . Bleselonde 1284.

OE land ‘estate’ with an obscure first element.

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Blisworth Northants. Blidesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Bltha’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Blithbury Staffs. Blidebire 1200.

‘Stronghold on the River Blythe’.
OE river-name (from blthe ‘gentle, pleasant’) + burh (dative byrig). The same river gives name to Blithfield , Blythe Bridge , and Blythe Marsh .

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Blockley Glos. Bloccanleah 855, Blochelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Blocca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Blofield Norfolk . Blafelda 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘exposed open country’.
OE blw + feld.

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Blo Norton Norfolk ,

see NORTON.

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Bloomsbury Gtr. London . Blemondesberi 1291.

‘Manor held by the de Blemund family’.
OE burh (dative byrig).

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Blore Staffs., near Ilam. Blora 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(place at) the swelling or hill’.
OE blr.

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Bloxham Oxon. Blochesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Blocc’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Bloxholm Lincs. Blochesham 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Bloxwich W. Mids. Blocheswic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Blocc’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Bloxworth Dorset. Blacewyrthe 987, Blocheshorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Blocc’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Blubberhouses N. Yorks. Bluberhusum 1172.

‘(Place at) the houses by the bubbling spring’.
ME bluber + OE hs (dative plural -um).

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Blundeston Suffolk . Blundeston 1203.

‘Farmstead of a man called Blunt’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Blunham Beds. Blunham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead, or land in a river-bend, of a man called Blwa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Blunsdon St Andrew, Broad Blunsdon Wilts. Bluntesdone 1086 (DB), Bluntesdon Seynt Andreu 1281, Bradebluntesdon 1234.

‘Hill of a man called Blunt’.
OE pers. name + dn. Affixes from the dedication of the church and from
OE brd ‘broad, great’.

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Bluntisham Cambs. Bluntesham c.1050, 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Blunt’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Blyborough Lincs. Bliburg 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Blígr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE burh.

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Blyford Suffolk . Blitleford (sic) c.1060, Blideforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford over the River Blyth’.
OE river-name (‘the gentle or pleasant one’ from OE blthe) + ford.

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Blymhill Staffs. Brumhelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Blumehil 1167.

Possibly ‘hill where plum-trees grow’.
OE plme + hyll.

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Blyth Northum. Blida 1130.

Named from the River Blyth (
OE blthe ‘the gentle or pleasant one’).

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Blyth Notts. Blide 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name, Blyth being the old name of the River Ryton.

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Blythburgh Suffolk . Blideburh 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold on the River Blyth’.
OE river-name (‘the gentle or pleasant one’ from OE blthe) + burh.

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Blythe Bridge & Blythe Marsh Staffs. ,

see BLITHBURY.

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Blyton Lincs. Blitone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Blígr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Boarhunt Hants. Byrhfunt 10th cent., Borehunte 1086 (DB).

‘Spring of the stronghold or manor’.
OE burh (genitive byrh) + funta.

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Boarstall Bucks. Burchestala 1158.

OE burh-stall ‘the site of a stronghold’.

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Boasley Cross Devon . Borslea c.970, Bosleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where spiky plants grow’.
OE bors + lah.

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Bobbing Kent . Bobinge c.1100.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Bobba’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Bobbington Staffs. Bubintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Bubba’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bocking Essex . Boccinge(s) c.995, Bochinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Bocca’, or ‘Bocca's place’.
OE pers. name + -ingas or -ing.

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Boddington Glos. Botingune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Bta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Boddington Northants. Botendon 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Bta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Bodenham Heref. & Worcs. Bodeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or river-bend land of a man called Boda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Bodenham Wilts. Boteham 1249.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Bta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Bodham Norfolk . Bodenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Boda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Bodiam E. Sussex. Bodeham 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Bodicote Oxon. Bodicote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) associated with a man called Boda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cot.

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Bodmin Cornwall . Bodmine c.975, 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘dwelling by churchland’.
OCornish bod + meneghi.

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Bodney Norfolk . Budeneia 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Beoda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Bognor Regis W. Sussex . Bucganora c.975.

‘Shore of a woman called Bucge’.
OE pers. name + ra.
Latin affix regis ‘of the king’ is only recent, alluding to the stay of George V here in 1929.

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Bolam,

‘(place at) the tree-trunks’,
OE bola or OScand. bolr in a dative plural form bolum: Bolam Durham . Bolom 1317. Bolam Northum. Bolum 1155.

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Bolas, Great Shrops. Belewas 1198, Boulewas 1199 (1265).

OE wæsse ‘riverside land liable to flood’ with an uncertain first element, possibly an
OE bogel ‘small river-bend or meander’ in a genitive plural form.

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Bold Heath Mersey. Bolde 1204.

OE bold ‘a special house or building’.

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Boldon Tyne & Wear. Boldun c.1170.

Probably ‘rounded hill’.
OE bol + dn.

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Boldre Hants. Bovre (sic) 1086 (DB), Bolre 1152.

Origin and meaning uncertain, possibly an old name of the Lymington river.

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Boldron Durham . Bolrum c.1180.

‘Clearing used for bulls’.
OScand. boli + rúm.

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Bole Notts. Bolun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the tree-trunks’.
OE bola or OScand. bolr in a dative plural form bolum.

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Bolingbroke, Old & Bolingbroke, New Lincs. Bolinbroc 1086 (DB), Bulingbroc 1202.

Probably ‘brook at Bula's or Bola's place’.
OE pers. name + -ing + brc.

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Bollington,

‘farmstead on the River Bollin’,
old river-name of uncertain origin and meaning + OE tn: Bollington Ches., near Altrincham. Bolinton c.1222. Bollington Ches., near Macclesfield. Bolynton 1270.

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Bolney E. Sussex. Bolneye 1263.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Bola’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Bolnhurst Beds. Bulehestre (sic) 1086 (DB), Bollenhirst 11th cent.

‘Wooded hill where bulls are kept’.
OE bula (genitive plural bulena) + hyrst.

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Bolsover Derbys. Belesovre (sic) 1086 (DB), Bolesoura 12th cent.

Probably ‘ridge of a man called Boll or Bull’.
OE pers. name + ofer.

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Bolsterstone S. Yorks. Bolstyrston 1398.

‘Stone on which criminals are beheaded’.
OE bolster + stn.

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Bolstone Heref. & Worcs. Boleston 1193.

‘Stone of a man called Bola’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Boltby N. Yorks. Boltebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Boltr or Bolti’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Bolton,

a common name in the North, from
OE bthl-tn ‘settlement with a special building’; examples include: Bolton Gtr. Manch. Boelton 1185. Bolton by Bowland Lancs. Bodeltone 1086 (DB). The district-name Bowland (Boelanda 1102) means ‘district characterized by bends’,
OE boga + land. Bolton, Castle N. Yorks. Bodelton 1086 (DB). Affix from the castle built here in 1379. Bolton le Sands Lancs. Bodeltone 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘on the sands’. Bolton Percy N. Yorks. Bodeltune 1086 (DB), Bolton Percy 1305. Manorial affix from its possession by the de Percy family (from 1086). Bolton upon Dearne S. Yorks. Bodeltone 1086 (DB). The river-name Dearne is possibly from
OE derne ‘hidden’, but may be of Celtic origin.

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Bonby N. Lincs. Bundebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the peasant farmers’.
OScand. bóndi + bý.

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Bonchurch I. of Wight . Bonecerce 1086 (DB).

‘Church of Bona’.
OE pers. name + cirice. The pers. name may be a short-form of (St) Boniface, to whom the church here is dedicated.

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Bondleigh Devon . Bolenei (sic) 1086 (DB), Bonlege 1205.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Bola’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + lah.

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Bonehill Staffs. Bolenhull 1230.

Probably ‘hill where bulls graze’.
OE bula (genitive plural bulena) + hyll.

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Boningale Shrops. Bolynghale 12th cent.

Probably ‘nook of land associated with a man called Bola’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + halh.

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Bonnington Kent . Bonintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Buna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bonsall Derbys. Bunteshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Bunt’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Bookham, Great & Bookham, Little Surrey . Bocheham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead where beech-trees grow’.
OE bc + hm.

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Boothby,

‘farmstead or village with booths or shelters’,
OScand. bth + bý: Boothby Graffoe Lincs. Bodebi 1086 (DB). Affix is an old district name of uncertain origin. Boothby Pagnell Lincs. Bodebi 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the Paynel family, here in the 14th cent.

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Boothferry E. R. Yorks. Booth's Ferry 1651.

‘Ferry at Booth (near Howden)’, from
OScand. ferja. The place-name Booth (originally Botheby 1550) was named from a family who came from one of the places called BOOTHBY (see previous names).

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Bootle,

‘the special building’,
OE btl: Bootle Cumbria . Bodele 1086 (DB). Bootle Mersey. Boltelai (sic) 1086 (DB), Botle 1212.

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Boraston Shrops. Bureston 1188, Buraston 1256.

Possibly ‘eastern farmstead or estate’,
OE ast + tn, with the addition of
OE burh ‘fortification’.

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Borden Kent . Bordena 1177.

‘Valley or woodland pasture by a hill’.
OE bor + denu or denn.

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Bordley N. Yorks. Borelaie (sic) 1086 (DB), Bordeleia c.1140.

Probably ‘woodland clearing where boards are got’.
OE bord + lah.

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Boreham,

probably ‘homestead or enclosure on or by a hill’,
OE bor + hm or hamm: Boreham Essex . Borham c.1045, 1086 (DB). Boreham Street E. Sussex. Borham 12th cent.

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Borehamwood Herts. Borham 1188, Burhamwode 13th cent.

Identical in origin with the previous names +
OE wudu ‘wood’.

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Borley Essex . Barlea 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing frequented by boars’.
OE br + lah.

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Boroughbridge N. Yorks. Burbrigg 1220.

‘Bridge near the stronghold’.
OE burh + brycg.

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Borough Green Kent . Borrowe Grene 1575.

From
OE burh ‘manor, borough’ or beorg ‘hill, mound’.

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Borrowby N. Yorks., near Leake , Bergebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on the hill(s)’.
OScand. berg + bý.

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Borrowdale Cumbria, near Keswick. Borgordale c.1170.

‘Valley of the fort river’.
OScand. borg (genitive -ar) + á + dalr.

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Borwick Lancs. Bereuuic 1086 (DB).

‘Barley farm’ or ‘outlying part of an estate’.
OE bere-wc.

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Bosbury Heref. & Worcs. Bosanbirig early 12th cent., Boseberge 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Bsa’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Boscastle Cornwall . Boterelescastel 1302.

‘Castle of a family called Boterel’.
OFrench surname + castel.

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Boscombe,

probably ‘valley overgrown with spiky plants’,
OE bors + cumb: Boscombe Dorset. Boscumbe 1273. Boscombe Wilts. Boscumbe 1086 (DB).

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Bosham W. Sussex . Bosanham(m) 731, Boseham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or promontory of a man called Bsa’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Bosley Ches. Boselega 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Bsa or Bt’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Bossall N. Yorks. Bosciale 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘nook of land of a man called Bt or Btsige’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Bossiney Cornwall . Botcinnii 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling of a man called Kyni’.
OCornish bod + pers. name.

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Bostock Green Ches. Botestoch 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Bta’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Boston Lincs. Botuluestan 1130.

‘Stone (marking a boundary or meeting-place) of a man called Btwulf’.
OE pers. name + stn. Identification of Btwulf with the 7th cent. missionary St Botulf is improbable.

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Boston Spa W. Yorks. Bostongate 1799.

A recent name, perhaps so called from a family called Boston from BOSTON (Lincs.). The affix Spa refers to the mineral spring discovered here in 1744.

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Bosworth, Husbands Leics. Baresworde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Br’.
OE pers. name + worth. Affix probably means ‘of the farmers or husbandmen’ (from late
OE hsbonda).

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Bosworth, Market Leics. Boseworde 1086 (DB).

‘enclosure of a man called Bsa’.
OE pers. name + worth. Affix (found from the 16th cent.) alludes to the important market here.

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Botesdale Suffolk . Botholuesdal 1275.

‘Valley of a man called Btwulf’.
OE pers. name + dæl.

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Bothal Northum. Bothala 12th cent.

‘Nook of land of a man called Bta’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Bothamsall Notts. Bodmescel 1086 (DB).

‘Shelf by a broad river-valley’.
OE bothm + scelf.

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Bothel Cumbria . Bothle c.1125.

OE bthl ‘a special house or building’.

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Bothenhampton Dorset. Bothehamton 1268.

‘Home farm in a valley’.
OE bothm + hm-tn.

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Botley Bucks. Bottlea 1167.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Botta’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Botley Hants. Botelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Bta, or where timber is obtained’.
OE pers. name or OE bt + lah.

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Botley Oxon. Boteleam 12th cent.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Botolph Claydon Bucks. ,

see CLAYDON.

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Botolphs W. Sussex . Sanctus Botulphus 1288.

From the dedication of the parish church to St Botolph.

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Bottesford,

‘ford by the house or building’,
OE btl + ford: Bottesford N. Lincs. Budlesforde 1086 (DB). Bottesford Leics. Botesford 1086 (DB).

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Bottisham Cambs. Bodekesham 1060, Bodichessham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Boduc’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Botusfleming Cornwall . Bothflumet 1259.

OCornish bod ‘dwelling’ with an obscure second element.

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Boughton,

found in various counties, has two distinct origins. Some are ‘farmstead of a man called Bucca, or where bucks (male deer) or he-goats are kept’,
OE pers. name or OE bucc or bucca + tn; examples include: Boughton Northants., near Moulton. Buchetone 1086 (DB). Boughton Notts. Buchetone 1086 (DB).
Other Boughtons are either ‘farmstead where beech-trees grow’ or ‘farmstead held by charter’,
OE bc + tn; examples include: Boughton Aluph Kent . Boltune (sic) 1086 (DB), Boctun c.1020, Botun Alou 1237. Manorial affix from a 13th cent. owner called Alulf. Boughton Malherbe Kent . Boltune (sic) 1086 (DB), Boctun Malerbe 1275. Manorial affix from early possession by the Malherbe family. Boughton Monchelsea Kent . Boltone (sic) 1086 (DB), Bocton Monchansy 1278. Manorial affix from the de Montchensie family, here in the 13th cent.

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Bouldon Shrops. Bolledone 1086 (DB), Bullardone 1166.

OE dn ‘hill’ with an uncertain first element.

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Boulge Suffolk . Bulges 1086 (DB), Bulge 1254.

From
OFrench bouge ‘uncultivated land covered with heather’.

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Boulmer Northum. Bulemer 1161.

‘Pond used by bulls’.
OE bula + mere.

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Boultham Lincs. Buletham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure where ragged robin or the cuckoo flower grows’.
OE bulut + hamm.

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Bourn, Bourne,

‘(place at) the spring(s) or stream(s)’,
OE burna or OScand. brunnr: Bourn Cambs. Brune 1086 (DB). Bourne Lincs. Brune 1086 (DB). Bourne , St Mary Hants. Borne 1185, Maryborne 1476. Affix from the original dedication of the chapel here.

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Bourne End Bucks. Burnend 1236.

‘End of the stream’ (here where the River Wye meets the Thames).
OE burna + ende.

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Bournemouth Dorset. La Bournemowthe 1407.

‘The mouth of the stream’.
OE burna + mtha.

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Bournville W. Mids.

‘Town on a river called Bourne’ (from
OE burna ‘stream’). A recent name incorporating French ville for the estate built 1879 by George Cadbury.

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Bourton,

usually
OE burh-tn ‘fortified farmstead’ or ‘farmstead near a fortification’; examples include: Bourton Dorset. Bureton 1212. Bourton, Black Oxon. Burtone 1086 (DB). Affix possibly refers to the black habits of the canons of Osney Abbey who had lands here. Bourton-on-the-Water Glos. Burchtun 714, Bortune 1086 (DB). In this name reference is to the nearby hillfort. Affix refers to the River Windrush which flows through the village.

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Bovey Tracey, North Bovey Devon . Bovi 1086 (DB), Bovy Tracy 1276, Northebovy 1199.

Named from the River Bovey, a pre-English river-name of uncertain origin and meaning. Manorial affix from the de Tracy family, here in the 13th cent.

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Bovingdon Herts. Bovyndon c.1200.

Probably ‘hill associated with a man called Bfa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + dn.

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Bovington Dorset. Bovintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Bfa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bow,

‘(place at) the arched bridge’,
OE boga: Bow Devon . Limet (sic) 1086 (DB), Nymetboghe 1270, la Bogh 1281. Nymet is the old name of the River Yeo, see NYMET. Bow Gtr. London . Stratford 1177, Stratford atte Bowe 1279. Its earlier name means ‘ford on a Roman road’,
OE strt + ford. ME atte means ‘at the’.

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Bow Brickhill Bucks. ,

see BRICKHILL.

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Bowcombe I. of Wight . Bovecome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Bfa’, or ‘(place) above the valley’.
OE pers. name or OE bufan + cumb.

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Bowden, Great & Bowden, Little Leics. Bugedone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a woman called Bucge or of a man called Bugga’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Bowdon Gtr. Manch. Bogedone 1086 (DB).

‘Curved hill’.
OE boga + dn.

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Bowerchalke Wilts. ,

see CHALKE.

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Bowers Gifford Essex . Bure 1065, Bura 1086 (DB), Buresgiffard 1315.

‘The dwellings or cottages’.
OE br + manorial affix from the Giffard family, here in the 13th cent.

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Bowes Durham . Bogas 1148.

‘The river-bends’.
OE boga or OScand. bogi.

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Bowland (old district and forest) Lancs./N. Yorks. ,

see BOLTON BY BOWLAND.

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Bowley Heref. & Worcs. Bolelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Bola, or where there are tree-trunks’.
OE pers. name or bola + lah.

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Bowling W. Yorks. Bollinc 1086 (DB).

‘Place at a hollow’.
OE bolla + -ing.

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Bowness-on-Solway Cumbria . Bounes c.1225.

‘Rounded headland’.
OE boga + næss, or OScand. bogi + nes. Solway (Sulewad 1218) probably means ‘ford of the pillar or post’.
OScand. súla + vath, perhaps referring to the Lochmaben Stone at the Scottish end of the ford across the Solway Firth (Scottish firth ‘estuary’).

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Bowness-on-Windermere Cumbria . Bulnes 1282.

‘Bull headland’.
OE bula + næss. See WINDERMERE.

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Bowsden Northum. Bolesdon 1195.

Probably ‘hill of a man called Boll’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Bowthorpe Norfolk . Boethorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Búi’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Box,

‘(place at) the box-tree’,
OE box: Box Glos. la Boxe 1260. Box Wilts. Bocza 1144.

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Boxford Berks. Boxora 821, Bousore 1086 (DB).

‘Slope where box-trees grow’.
OE box + ra.

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Boxford Suffolk . Boxford 12th cent.

‘Ford where box-trees grow’.
OE box + ford. The river-name Box is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Boxgrove W. Sussex . Bosgrave 1086 (DB).

‘Box-tree grove’.
OE box + grf.

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Boxley Kent . Boseleu (sic) 1086 (DB), Boxlea c.1100.

‘Wood or clearing where boxtrees grow’.
OE box + lah.

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Boxted Essex . Bocstede 1086 (DB).

‘Place where beech-trees grow’.
OE bc + stede.

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Boxted Suffolk . Boesteda (sic) 1086 (DB), Bocstede 1154.

‘Place where beech-trees or box-trees grow’.
OE bc or box + stede.

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Boxworth Cambs. Bochesuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Bucc’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Boyd (river) S. Glos. ,

see BITTON.

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Boylestone Derbys. Boilestun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead at the rounded hill’.
OE boga + hyll + tn.

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Boynton E. R. Yorks. Bouintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Bfa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Boyton,

‘farmstead of a man called Boia’ or ‘farmstead of the boys or servants’,
OE pers. name or OE boia + tn: Boyton Cornwall . Boietone 1086 (DB). Boyton Suffolk . Boituna 1086 (DB). Boyton Wilts. Boientone 1086 (DB).

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Bozeat Northants. Bosiete 1086 (DB).

‘Gate or gap of a man called Bsa’.
OE pers. name + geat.

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Brabourne Kent . Bradanburna c.860, Bradeburne 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the broad stream’.
OE brd + burna.

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Braceborough Lincs. Braseborg 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘strong fortress’, or ‘fortress of a man called Bræsna’.
OE bræsen or pers. name + burh.

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Bracebridge Lincs. Brachebrige 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘bridge or causeway made of small branches or brushwood’.
OE bræsc + brycg.

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Braceby Lincs. Breizbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Breithr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Bracewell Lancs. Braisuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Breithr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE wella.

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Brackenfield Derbys. Brachentheyt 1269.

‘Bracken clearing’.
OScand. brækni + thveit.

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Brackley Northants. Brachelai 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Bracca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Bracknell Berks. Braccan heal 942.

‘Nook of land of a man called Bracca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Bracon Ash Norfolk . Brachene 1175.

‘(Place amid) the bracken’.
ON brækni or OE bræcen with the later addition of ash ‘ash-tree’.

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Bradbourne Derbys. Bradeburne 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the broad stream’.
OE brd + burna.

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Bradden Northants. Bradene 1086 (DB).

‘Broad valley’.
OE brd + denu.

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Braddock Cornwall . Brodehoc 1086 (DB).

‘Broad oak’, or ‘broad hook of land’.
OE brd + c or hc.

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Bradenham,

‘broad homestead or enclosure’,
OE brd (dative -an) + hm + hamm: Bradenham Bucks. Bradeham 1086 (DB). Bradenham Norfolk . Bradenham 1086 (DB).

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Bradenstoke Wilts. Bradenestoche 1086 (DB).

‘Settlement dependent on Braydon forest’.
Pre-English forest-name of obscure origin and meaning + OE stoc.

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Bradfield,

‘broad stretch of open land’,
OE brd + feld; examples include: Bradfield Berks. Bradanfelda 990–2, Bradefelt 1086 (DB). Bradfield Essex . Bradefelda 1086 (DB). Bradfield Norfolk . Bradefeld 1177. Bradfield S. Yorks. Bradesfeld 1188. Bradfield Combust , Bradfield St Clare , & Bradfield St George Suffolk . Bradefelda 1086 (DB). Distinguishing affixes from
ME combust ‘burnt’, from early possession by the Seyncler family, and from dedication of the church to St George.

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Bradford,

a fairly common name, ‘(place at) the broad ford’,
OE brd + ford; examples include: Bradford W. Yorks. Bradeford 1086 (DB). Bradford Abbas Dorset. Bradanforda 933, Bradeford 1086 (DB), Braddeford Abbatis 1386. Affix is
Latin abbas ‘abbot’, alluding to early possession by Sherborne Abbey. Bradford on Avon Wilts. Bradanforda be Afne c.900, Bradeford 1086 (DB). Avon is a Celtic river-name meaning simply ‘river’. Bradford Peverell Dorset. Bradeford 1086 (DB), Bradeford Peuerel 1244. Manorial affix from the Peverel family, here in the 13th cent.

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Brading I. of Wight . Brerdinges 683, Berardinz 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the dwellers on the hill-side’.
OE brerd + -ingas.

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Bradley,

a common name, usually ‘broad wood or clearing’,
OE brd + lah; examples include: Bradley Derbys. Braidelei 1086 (DB). Bradley, Maiden Wilts. Bradelie 1086 (DB), Maydene Bradelega early 13th cent. Affix means ‘of the maidens’ and refers to the nuns of Amesbury who had a cell here. Bradley, North Wilts. Bradlega 1174.
However the following has a different origin: Bradley in the Moors Staffs. Bretlei 1086 (DB). ‘Wood where boards or planks are got’.
OE bred + lah.

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Bradmore Notts. Brademere 1086 (DB).

‘Broad pool’.
OE brd + mere.

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Bradninch Devon . Bradenese 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the broad ash-tree or oak-tree’.
OE brd (dative -an) + æsc or c (dative c).

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Bradnop Staffs. Bradenhop 1219.

‘Broad valley’.
OE brd (dative -an) + hop.

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Bradpole Dorset. Bratepolle 1086 (DB).

‘Broad pool’.
OE brd + pl.

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Bradshaw Gtr. Manch. Bradeshaghe 1246.

‘Broad wood or copse’.
OE brd + sceaga.

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Bradstone Devon . Bradan stane c.970, Bradestana 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the broad stone’.
OE brd + stn.

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Bradwell,

‘(place at) the broad spring or stream’,
OE brd + wella; examples include: Bradwell Bucks. Bradewelle 1086 (DB). Bradwell Derbys. Bradewelle 1086 (DB). Bradwell Essex . Bradewell 1238. Bradwell Norfolk . Bradewell 1211. Bradwell Staffs. Bradewull 1227. Bradwell-on-Sea Essex . Bradewella 1194.

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Bradworthy Devon . Brawardine (sic) 1086 (DB), Bradewurtha 1175.

‘Broad enclosure’.
OE brd + worthign or worthig.

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Brafferton,

‘farmstead by the broad ford’,
OE brd + ford + tn: Brafferton Durham . Bradfortuna 1091. Brafferton N. Yorks. Bradfortune 1086 (DB).

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Brafield-on-the-Green Northants. Bragefelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open country by higher ground’.
OE bragen + feld. The affix dates from the 16th cent.

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Brailes Warwicks. Brailes 1086 (DB).

Possibly from an
OE brægels ‘burial place, tumulus’. Alternatively a
Celtic name ‘hill court’ from brez + lïs.

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Brailsford Derbys. Brailesford 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ford by a burial place’.
OE brægels + ford. Alternatively the first part of this name may be Celtic, see the previous name.

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Braintree Essex . Branchetreu 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of a man called Branca’.
OE pers. name + trow. The river-name Brain is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Braiseworth Suffolk . Briseworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure infested with gadflies or belonging to a man called Brosa’.
OE brosa or pers. name + worth.

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Braishfield Hants. Braisfelde c.1235.

OE feld ‘open land’ with an uncertain first element, possibly an
OE bræsc ‘small branches or brushwood’.

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Braithwaite,

‘broad clearing’,
OScand. breithr + thveit: Braithwaite Cumbria, near Keswick. Braithait c.1160. Braithwaite S. Yorks. Braytweyt 1276. Braithwaite, Low Cumbria . Braythweyt 1285.

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Braithwell S. Yorks. Bradewelle 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the broad spring or stream’.
OE brd (replaced by OScand. breithr) + wella.

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Bramber W. Sussex . Bremre 956, Brembre 1086 (DB).

OE brmer ‘bramble thicket’.

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Bramcote Notts. Brunecote (sic) 1086 (DB), Bramcote c.1156.

‘Cottage(s) where broom grows’.
OE brm + cot.

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Bramdean Hants. Bromdene 824, Bromdene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where broom grows’.
OE brm + denu.

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Bramerton Norfolk . Brambretuna 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead by the bramble thicket’.
OE brmer + tn.

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Bramfield Herts. Brandefelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Brantefeld 12th cent.

Probably ‘steep open land’.
OE brant + feld.

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Bramfield Suffolk . Brunfelda (sic) 1086 (DB), Bramfeld 1166.

‘Open land where broom grows’.
OE brm + feld.

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Bramford Suffolk . Bromford 1040, Branfort 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where broom grows’.
OE brm + ford.

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Bramhall Gtr. Manch. Bramale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land where broom grows’.
OE brm + halh.

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Bramham W. Yorks. Bram(e)ham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where broom grows’.
OE brm + hm or hamm.

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Bramhope W. Yorks. Bramhop 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where broom grows’.
OE brm + hop.

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Bramley,

‘woodland clearing where broom grows’,
OE brm + lah: Bramley Hants. Brumelai 1086 (DB). Bramley S. Yorks. Bramelei 1086 (DB). Bramley Surrey . Bronlei 1086 (DB).

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Brampford Speke Devon . Branfort 1086 (DB), Bramford Spec 1275.

Possibly ‘ford where broom grows’.
OE brm + ford. Manorial affix from the Espec family, here in the 12th cent.

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Brampton,

a fairly common name, ‘farmstead where broom grows’,
OE brm + tn; examples include: Brampton Cambs. Brantune 1086 (DB). Brampton Cumbria, near Irthington. Brampton 1169. Brampton Bryan Heref. & Worcs. Brantune 1086 (DB), Bramptone Brian 1275. Manorial affix from a 12th cent. owner called Brian. Brampton, Chapel & Brampton, Church Northants. Brantone 1086 (DB). The distinguishing affixes occur from the 13th cent.

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Bramshall Staffs. Branselle (sic) 1086 (DB), Bromschulf 1327.

‘Shelf of land where broom grows’.
OE brm + scelf.

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Bramshaw Hants. Bramessage 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wood or copse where brambles grow’.
OE brmel + sceaga.

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Bramshill Hants. Bromeselle 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the broom’, i.e. ‘hill where broom grows’.
OE brm (genitive -es) + hyll.

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Bramshott Hants. Brenbresete 1086 (DB).

‘Projecting piece of land where brambles grow’.
OE brmel + scat.

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Bramwith, Kirk S. Yorks. Branuuet (sic) 1086 (DB), Branwyth 1200, Kyrkbramwith 1341.

‘Wood overgrown with broom’.
OE brm + OScand. vithr. Affix is
OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Brancaster Norfolk . Bramcestria c.960, Broncestra 1086 (DB).

‘Roman station at Branodunum’. Reduced form of ancient
Celtic name (probably ‘crow fort’) + OE ceaster.

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Brancepeth Durham . Brantespethe c.1170.

‘Path or road of a man called Brandr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE pæth.

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Brandesburton E. R. Yorks. Brantisburtone 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified farmstead of a man called Brandr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE burh-tn.

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Brandeston Suffolk . Brantestona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Brant’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Brandiston Norfolk . Brantestuna 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Brandon,

usually ‘hill where broom grows’,
OE brm + dn: Brandon Durham . Bromdune c.1190. Brandon Northum. Bremdona c.1150, Bromdun 1236. Here the first element alternates with
OE brmen ‘broomy’. Brandon Suffolk . Bromdun 11th cent., Brandona 1086 (DB). Brandon Warwicks. Brandune 1086 (DB). Brandon Parva Norfolk . Brandun 1086 (DB).
However the following may have a different origin: Brandon Lincs. Branthon 1060–6, Brandune 1086 (DB). Probably ‘hill by the River Brant’.
OE river-name (from OE brant ‘steep, deep’) + dn.

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Brandsby N. Yorks. Branzbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Brandr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Branksome Dorset , a 19th cent.

name taken from a house called Branksome Tower (built 1855) which in turn was probably named from the setting of Sir Walter Scott's Lay of the Last Minstrel (1805).

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Branscombe Devon . Branecescumbe 9th cent., Branchescome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Branoc’.
Celtic pers. name + OE cumb.

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Bransford Heref. & Worcs. Bregnesford 963, Bradnesford 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford by the hill’.
OE brægen + ford.

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Branston,

‘farmstead of a man called Brant’,
OE pers. name + tn: Branston Leics. Brantestone 1086 (DB). Branston Staffs. Brontiston 942, Brantestone 1086 (DB).
However the following may have a different origin: Branston Lincs. Branztune 1086 (DB). Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Brandr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Brant Broughton Lincs. ,

see BROUGHTON.

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Brantham Suffolk . Brantham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Branta’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Branthwaite Cumbria, near Workington. Bromthweit 1210.

‘Clearing where broom grows’.
OE brm + OScand. thveit.

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Brantingham E. R. Yorks. Brentingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Brant’, from
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm. Alternatively ‘homestead of those dwelling on the steep slopes’, from
OE brant + -inga- + hm.

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Branton Northum. Bremetona c.1150.

‘Farmstead overgrown with broom’.
OE brmen + tn.

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Branton S. Yorks. Brantune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where broom grows’.
OE brm + tn.

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Branxton Northum. Brankeston 1195.

‘Farmstead of a man called Branoc’.
Celtic pers. name + OE tn.

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Brassington Derbys. Branzinctun 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Brandsige’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Brasted Kent . Briestede (sic) 1086 (DB), Bradestede c.1100.

‘Broad place’.
OE brd + stede.

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Bratoft Lincs. Breietoft 1086 (DB).

‘Broad homestead’.
OScand. breithr + toft.

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Brattleby Lincs. Brotulbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Brotulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Bratton,

usually ‘farmstead by newly cultivated ground’,
OE brc + tn: Bratton Wilts. Bratton 1177. Bratton Clovelly Devon . Bratona 1086 (DB), Bratton Clavyle 1279. Manorial affix from the de Clavill family, here in the 13th cent. Bratton Fleming Devon . Bratona 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the Flemeng family, here in the 13th cent.
However the following have a different origin, ‘farmstead by a brook’,
OE brc + tn: Bratton Shrops. Brochetone 1086 (DB). Bratton Seymour Somerset . Broctune 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the Saint Maur family, here c.1400.

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Braughing Herts. Breahingas 825–8, Brachinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Breahha’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Braunston, Braunstone,

‘farmstead of a man called Brant’,
OE pers. name + tn: Braunston Rutland. Branteston 1167. Braunston Northants. Brantestun 956, Brandestone 1086 (DB). Braunstone Leics. Brantestone 1086 (DB).

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Braunton Devon . Brantona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where broom grows’.
OE brm + tn.

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Brawby N. Yorks. Bragebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Bragi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Braxted, Great Essex . Brachestedam 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘place where fern or bracken grows’.
OE bracu + stede.

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Bray Berks. Brai 1086 (DB).

Probably
OFrench bray(e) ‘marsh’.

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Braybrooke Northants. Bradebroc 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the broad brook’.
OE brd + brc.

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Brayfield, Cold Bucks. Bragenfelda 967.

‘Open land by higher ground’.
OE bragen + feld. Affix means ‘bleak, exposed’.

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Braystones Cumbria . Bradestanes 1247.

‘Broad stones’.
OE brd (replaced by OScand. breithr) + stn.

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Brayton N. Yorks. Breithe-tun c.1030, Bretone 1086 (DB).

‘Broad farmstead’ or ‘farmstead of a man called Breithi’.
OScand. breithr or pers. name + OE tn.

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Breadsall Derbys. Brægdeshale 1002, Braideshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Brægd’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Breadstone Glos. Bradelestan (sic) 1236, Bradeneston 1273.

‘(Place at) the broad stone’.
OE brd (dative -an) + stn.

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Breage Cornwall . Egglosbrec c.1170.

‘Church of St Breage’. From the female patron saint of the church (with Cornish eglos ‘church’ in the early form).

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Breamore Hants. Brumore 1086 (DB).

‘Moor or marshy ground where broom grows’.
OE brm + mr.

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Brean Somerset . Brien 1086 (DB).

Possibly a
Celtic name containing a derivative of brez ‘hill’.

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Brearton N. Yorks. Braretone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead amongst the briars’.
OE brr + tn.

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Breaston Derbys. Braidestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Brægd’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Breckland (district) Norfolk.

‘Area in which ground has been broken up for cultivation’, from dialect breck, a name first used in the 19th cent.

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Breckles Norfolk . Brecchles 1086 (DB).

‘Meadow by newly-cultivated land’.
OE brc + ls.

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Bredbury Gtr. Manch. Bretberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold or manor-house built of planks’.
OE bred + burh (dative byrig).

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Brede E. Sussex. Brade 1161.

‘Broad stretch of land’.
OE brdu.

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Bredfield Suffolk . Bredefelda 1086 (DB).

‘Broad stretch of open country’.
OE brdu + feld.

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Bredgar Kent . Bradegare c.1100.

‘Broad triangular plot’.
OE brd + gra.

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Bredhurst Kent . Bredehurst 1240.

‘Wooded hill where boards are obtained’.
OE bred + hyrst.

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Bredon Heref. & Worcs. Breodun 772, 1086 (DB).

‘Hill called Bre’.
Celtic brez ‘hill’ + explanatory OE dn.

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Bredon's Norton Heref. & Worcs. ,

see NORTON.

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Bredwardine Heref. & Worcs. Brocheurdie (sic) 1086 (DB), Bredewerthin late 12th cent.

OE worthign ‘enclosure’, probably with bred ‘board, plank’ or brdu ‘broad stretch of land’.

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Bredy, Long & Bredy, Littlebredy Dorset. Bridian 987, Langebride, Litelbride 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Bride, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘gushing or surging stream’. Distinguishing affixes are
OE lang ‘long’ and ltel ‘little’.

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Breedon on the Hill Leics. Briudun 731.

‘Hill called Bre’.
Celtic brez ‘hill’ + explanatory OE dn ‘hill’. With the more recent affix the name thus contains three different words for ‘hill’.

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Breighton E. R. Yorks. Bricstune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘bright farmstead’ or ‘farmstead of a man called Beorhta’.
OE beorht or pers. name + tn.

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Bremhill Wilts. Bre(o)mel 937, Breme (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Bramble thicket’.
OE brmel.

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Brenchley Kent . Braencesle c.1100.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Brænci’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Brendon Devon . Brandone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where broom grows’.
OE brm + dn.

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Brenkley Tyne & Wear. Brinchelawa 1178.

Possibly ‘hill or mound of a man called Brynca’.
OE pers. name + hlw. Alternatively the first element may be
OE brince ‘brink or edge’.

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Brent,

probably a Celtic name meaning ‘high place’: Brent, East Somerset . Brente 663, Brentemerse 1086 (DB). With
OE mersc ‘marsh’ in the Domesday form. Brent Knoll Somerset . Brenteknol 1289, sometimes known as South Brent, Sudbrente 1196. With
OE cnoll ‘hill-top’, sth ‘south’. Brent, South Devon . Brenta 1086 (DB).

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Brent Eleigh Suffolk ,

see ELEIGH.

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Brentford Gtr. London . Breguntford 705.

‘Ford over the River Brent’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘holy one’) + OE ford. The London borough of Brent takes its name from the river.

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Brentor Devon . Brentetor 1232.

‘Rocky hill called Brente’.
Celtic hill-name + OE torr.

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Brent Pelham Herts. ,

see PELHAM.

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Brentwood Essex . Boscus arsus 1176, Brendewode 1274.

‘The burnt wood’.
OE berned (ME brende) + wudu. In the earliest form the name has been translated into Latin.

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Brenzett Kent . Brensete 1086 (DB).

‘The burnt fold or stable’.
OE berned + (ge)set.

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Brereton Ches. Bretone (sic) 1086 (DB), Brereton c.1100.

‘Farmstead amongst the briars’.
OE brr + tn.

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Brereton Staffs. Breredon 1279.

‘Hill where briars grow’.
OE brr + dn.

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Bressingham Norfolk . Bresingaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Brosa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Bretford Warwicks. Bretford early 11th cent.

Probably ‘ford provided with planks’.
OE bred + ford.

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Bretforton Heref. & Worcs. Bretfertona 709, Bratfortune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near the plank ford’.
OE bred + ford + tn.

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Bretherdale Head Cumbria . Britherdal 12th cent.

‘Valley of the brother(s)’.
OScand. bróthir + dalr.

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Bretherton Lancs. Bretherton 1190.

‘Farmstead of the brother(s)’.
OE brthor or OScand. bróthir + OE tn.

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Brettenham,

‘homestead of a man called Bretta or Beorhta’,
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm: Brettenham Norfolk . Bretham 1086 (DB). Brettenham Suffolk . Bretenhama 1086 (DB). The name of the River Brett , which rises near here, is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Bretton,

‘farmstead of the Britons’,
OE Brettas (genitive Bretta) + tn: Bretton, Monk S. Yorks. Brettone 1086 (DB), Munkebretton 1225. Affix from
OE munuc ‘monk’ referring to the monks of Bretton Priory. Bretton, West W. Yorks. Bretone 1086 (DB), West Bretton c.1200.

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Brewham Somerset . Briweham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure on the River Brue’.
Celtic river-name (see BRUTON) + OE hm or hamm.

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Brewood Staffs. Breude 1086 (DB).

‘Wood by the hill called Bre’.
Celtic brez ‘hill’ + OE wudu.

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Briantspuddle Dorset. Pidele 1086 (DB), Brianis Pedille 1465.

‘Estate on the River Piddle held by a man called Brian’.
OE river-name (see PIDDLEHINTON) with manorial affix from 14th cent. lord of manor.

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Bricett, Great Suffolk . Brieseta 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘fold or stable infested with gadflies’.
OE brosa + (ge)set.

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Bricket Wood Herts. Bruteyt 1228.

‘Bright-coloured small island or piece of marshland’.
OE beorht + geth.

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Brickhill, Bow, Brickhill, Great & Brickhill, Little Bucks. Brichelle 1086 (DB), Bolle Brichulle, Magna Brikehille, Parua Brichull 1198.

‘Hill called Brig’.
Celtic brig ‘hill top’ + explanatory OE hyll. Distinguishing affixes from
OE pers. name Bolla (no doubt an early tenant),
Latin magna ‘great’ and parva ‘little’.

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Bricklehampton Heref. & Worcs. Bricstelmestune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Beorhthelm’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bride (river) Dorset ,

see BREDY.

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Bridekirk Cumbria . Bridekirke c.1210.

‘Church of St Bride or Brigid’.
Irish saint's name + OScand. kirkja.

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Bridestowe Devon . Bridestou 1086 (DB).

‘Holy place of St Bride or Brigid’.
Irish saint's name + OE stw.

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Bridford Devon . Brideforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford suitable for brides’, i.e. a shallow ford easy to cross.
OE brd + ford.

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Bridge Kent . Brige 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the bridge’.
OE brycg.

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Bridge Hewick N. Yorks. ,

see HEWICK.

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Bridgerule Devon . Brige 1086 (DB), Briggeroald 1238.

‘(Place at) the bridge held by a man called Ruald’.
OE brycg + manorial affix from OScand. Róaldr (tenant in 1086).

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Bridge Sollers Heref. & Worcs. Bricge 1086 (DB), Bruges Solers 1291.

‘(Place at) the bridge’.
OE brycg + manorial affix from the de Solers family, here in the 12th cent.

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Bridgford,

‘ford by the bridge’,
OE brycg + ford: Bridgford, East Notts. Brugeford 1086 (DB). Bridgford, West Notts. Brigeforde 1086 (DB).

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Bridgham Norfolk . Brugeham c.1050.

‘Homestead or enclosure by a bridge’.
OE brycg + hm or hamm.

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Bridgnorth Shrops. Brug 1156, Brugg Norht 1282.

‘(Place at) the bridge’.
OE brycg + later affix north.

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Bridgwater Somerset . Brugie 1086 (DB), Brigewaltier 1194.

‘(Place at) the bridge held by a man called Walter’.
OE brycg + manorial affix from an early owner.

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Bridlington E. R. Yorks. Bretlinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Berhtel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bridport Dorset. Brideport 1086 (DB).

‘Harbour or market town belonging to (Long) BREDY’.
OE port. The river-name Brit is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Bridstow Heref. & Worcs. Bridestowe 1277.

‘Holy place of St Bride or Brigid’.
Irish saint's name + OE stw.

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Brierfield Lancs. ,

a self-explanatory name of 19th cent. origin, no doubt influenced by the nearby Briercliffe (Brerecleve 1193) which is ‘bank where briars grow’,
OE brr + clif.

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Brierley,

‘woodland clearing where briars grow’,
OE brr + lah: Brierley S. Yorks. Breselai (sic) 1086 (DB), Brerelay 1194. Brierley Hill W. Mids. Brereley 14th cent.

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Brigg N. Lincs. , earlier Glanford Brigg 1235.

‘Bridge at the ford where people assemble for revelry or games’.
OE glam + ford + brycg.

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Brigham,

‘homestead or enclosure by a bridge’,
OE brycg + hm or hamm: Brigham Cumbria, near Cockermouth. Briggham c.1175. Brigham E. R. Yorks. Bringeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Brigham 12th cent.

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Brighouse W. Yorks. Brighuses 1240.

‘Houses by the bridge’.
OE brycg + hs.

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Brighstone I. of Wight . Brihtwiston 1212.

‘Farmstead of a man called Beorhtwg’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Brighthampton Oxon. Byrhtelmingtun 984, Bristelmestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Beorhthelm’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Brightling E. Sussex. Byrhtlingan 1016–20, Brislinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Beorhtel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Brightlingsea Essex . Brictriceseia 1086 (DB).

‘Island of a man called Beorhtrc or Beorhtling’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Brighton E. Sussex. Bristelmestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Beorhthelm’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Brighton, New Mersey. , 19th cent.

resort named after BRIGHTON.

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Brightwalton Berks. Beorhtwaldingtune 939, Bristoldestone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Beorhtwald’.
OE pers. name (+ -ing-) + tn.

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Brightwell,

‘bright or clear spring’,
OE beorht + wella: Brightwell Oxon. Beorhtawille 854, Bricsteuuelle 1086 (DB). Brightwell Suffolk . Brithwelle c.1050, Brihtewella 1086 (DB). Brightwell Baldwin Oxon. Berhtanwellan 887, Britewelle 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from possession by Sir Baldwin de Bereford in the late 14th cent.

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Brignall Durham . Bringhenale 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘nook of the family or followers of a man called Brni’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + halh.

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Brigsley NE. Lincs. Brigeslai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing by a bridge’.
OE brycg + lah.

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Brigsteer Cumbria . Brigstere early 13th cent.

‘Bridge of a family called Stere, or one used for bullocks’.
OScand. bryggja + ME surname or OE stor. The order of elements is Celtic.

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Brigstock Northants. Bricstoc 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘outlying farm or hamlet by a bridge’.
OE brycg + stoc.

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Brill Bucks. Bruhella 1072, Brunhelle (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Hill called Bre’.
Celtic brez ‘hill’ + explanatory OE hyll.

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Brilley Heref. & Worcs. Brunlege 1219.

Probably ‘woodland clearing where broom grows’.
OE brm + lah.

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Brimfield Heref. & Worcs. Bromefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land where broom grows’.
OE brm + feld.

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Brimington Derbys. Brimintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Brme’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Brimpsfield Glos. Brimesfelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Brme’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Brimpton Berks. Bryningtune 944, Brintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Brni’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Brind E. R. Yorks. Brende 1188.

OE brende ‘place destroyed or cleared by burning’.

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Brindle Lancs. Burnhull 1206.

Probably ‘hill by a stream’.
OE burna + hyll.

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Brineton Staffs. Brunitone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Brni’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Bringhurst Leics. Bruninghyrst 1188.

Probably ‘wooded hill of the family or followers of a man called Brni’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hyrst.

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Brington,

‘estate associated with a man called Brni’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Brington Cambs. Brynintune 974, Breninctune 1086 (DB). Brington, Great & Brington, Little Northants. Brinintone 1086 (DB).

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Briningham Norfolk . Bruningaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Brni’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Brinkhill Lincs. Brincle 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Brynca, or on the brink of a hill’.
OE pers. name or OE brince + lah.

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Brinkley Cambs. Brinkelai late 12th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Brynca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Brinklow Warwicks. Brinckelawe c.1155.

‘Burial mound of a man called Brynca, or on the brink of a hill’.
OE pers. name or OE brince + hlw.

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Brinkworth Wilts. Brinkewrtha 1065, Brenchewrde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Brynca’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Brinscall Lancs. Brendescoles c.1200.

‘Burnt huts’.
ME brende + OScand. skáli.

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Brinsley Notts. Brunesleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Brn’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Brinsop Heref. & Worcs. Hope 1086 (DB), Bruneshopa c.1130.

‘Enclosed valley of a man called Brn or Brni’.
OE pers. name + hop.

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Brinsworth S. Yorks. Brinesford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Brni’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Brinton Norfolk . Bruntuna 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Brni’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Brisley Norfolk . Bruselea c.1105.

‘Woodland clearing infested with gadflies’.
OE brosa + lah.

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Brislington Brist. Brihthelmeston 1199.

‘Farmstead of a man called Beorhthelm’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Bristol Brist. Brycg stowe 11th cent., Bristou 1086 (DB).

‘Assembly place by the bridge’.
OE brycg + stw.

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Briston Norfolk . Burstuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a landslip or broken ground’.
OE byrst + tn.

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Britford Wilts. Brutford 826, Bredford 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ford of the Britons’.
OE Bryt + ford.

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Britwell Salome Oxon. Brutwelle 1086 (DB), Brutewell Solham 1320.

Possibly ‘spring or stream of the Britons’.
OE Bryt + wella. Manorial affix from the de Suleham family, here in the 13th cent.

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Brixham Devon . Briseham (sic) 1086 (DB), Brikesham 1205.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Brioc’.
Celtic pers. name + OE hm or hamm.

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Brixton Devon . Brisetona (sic) 1086 (DB), Brikeston 1200.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Brioc’.
Celtic pers. name + OE tn.

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Brixton Gtr. London . Brixges stan 1062, Brixiestan 1086 (DB).

‘Stone (probably marking a Hundred meeting-place) of a man called Beorhtsige’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Brixton Deverill Wilts. Devrel 1086 (DB), Britricheston 1229.

‘Estate on the River Deverill held by a man called Beorhtrc’.
OE pers. name + tn with Celtic river-name (meaning ‘watery’), an old name for the River Wylye.

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Brixworth Northants. Briclesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Beorhtel or Bricel’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Brize Norton Oxon. ,

see NORTON.

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Broad

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Broad Blunsdon (Wilts.) see BLUNSDON.

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Broadbottom Gtr. Manch. Brodebothem 1286.

‘Broad valley-bottom’.
OE brd + bothm.

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Broadheath, Upper & Broadheath, Lower Heref. & Worcs. Hethe 1240, Broad Heath 1646.

‘(Place at) the broad heath’.
OE hth with the later addition of broad.

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Broadhembury Devon . Hanberia 1086 (DB), Brodehembyri 1273.

‘High or chief fortified place’.
OE hah (dative han) + burh (dative byrig). Later affix is
OE brd ‘broad, great’.

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Broadhempston Devon . Hamistone 1086 (DB), Brodehempstone 1362.

‘Farmstead of a man called Hme or Hemme’.
OE pers. name + tn. Affix is
OE brd ‘large’ to distinguish this place from LITTLEHEMPSTON.

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Broadmayne Dorset. Maine 1086 (DB), Brademaene 1202.

Celtic main ‘a rock, a stone’, with later affix from
OE brd ‘broad, great’.

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Broads, The (district) Norfolk ,

named from over thirty ‘broads’, i.e. extensive pieces of fresh water formed by the broadening out of rivers.

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Broadstairs Kent . Brodsteyr 1435.

‘Broad stairway or ascent’.
OE brd + stger.

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Broadstone Dorset ,

a recent name for a parish formed in 1906, self-explanatory.

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Broad Town Wilts. Bradetun 12th cent.

‘Broad or large farmstead’.
OE brd + tn.

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Broadwas Heref. & Worcs. Bradeuuesse 779, Bradewesham 1086 (DB).

‘Broad tract of alluvial land’.
OE brd + wæsse (with hm ‘homestead’ in the 1086 form).

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Broadwater W. Sussex . Bradewatre 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the broad stream’.
OE brd + wæter.

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Broadway,

‘(place at) the broad way or road’,
OE brd + weg: Broadway Heref. & Worcs. Bradanuuege 972, Bradeweia 1086 (DB). Broadway Somerset . Bradewei 1086 (DB).

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Broadwell,

‘(place at) the broad spring or stream’,
OE brd + wella: Broadwell Glos. Bradewelle 1086 (DB). Broadwell Oxon. Bradewelle 1086 (DB). Broadwell Warwicks. Bradewella 1130.

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Broadwey Dorset. Wai(a) 1086 (DB), Brode Way 1243.

Named from the River Wey, see WEYMOUTH. Affix is
OE brd ‘broad, great’, referring either to the width of the river here or to the size of the manor.

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Broadwindsor Dorset. Windesore 1086 (DB), Brodewyndesore 1324.

‘River-bank with a windlass’.
OE windels + ra, with brd ‘great’.

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Broadwoodkelly Devon . Bradehoda (sic) 1086 (DB), Brawode Kelly 1261.

‘Broad wood’.
OE brd + wudu + manorial affix from the de Kelly family, here in the 13th cent.

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Broadwoodwidger Devon . Bradewode 1086 (DB), Brodwode Wyger 1310.

Identical in origin with the previous name. Manorial affix from the Wyger family, here in the 13th cent.

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Brobury Heref. & Worcs. Brocheberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold or manor near a brook’.
OE brc + burh (dative byrig).

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Brockdish Norfolk . Brodise (sic) 1086 (DB), Brochedisc c.1095.

‘Pasture by the brook’.
OE brc + edisc.

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Brockenhurst Hants. Broceste (sic) 1086 (DB), Brocheherst 1158.

Probably ‘wooded hill of a man called Broca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hyrst. Alternatively the first element may be
OE brocen ‘broken up, undulating’.

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Brockford Street Suffolk . Brocfort 1086 (DB).

‘Ford over the brook’.
OE brc + ford.

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Brockhall Northants. Brocole 1086 (DB).

OE brocc-hol ‘a badger hole, a sett’.

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Brockham Surrey . Brocham 1241.

‘River-meadow by the brook, or frequented by badgers’.
OE brc or brocc + hamm.

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Brockhampton,

‘homestead by the brook’,
OE brc + hm-tn: Brockhampton Glos., near Sevenhampton. Brochamtone 1166. Brockhampton Heref. & Worcs., near Bromyard. Brockampton 1251.

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Brocklesby Lincs. Brochelesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Bróklauss’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Brockley N. Som. Brochelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Broca, or frequented by badgers’.
OE pers. name or brocc + lah.

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Brockley Gtr. London . Brocele 1182.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Brockley Suffolk . Broclega 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing by a brook’.
OE brc + lah.

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Brockton, Brocton,

‘farmstead by a brook’,
OE brc + tn: Brockton Shrops., near Lilleshall. Brochetone 1086 (DB). Brockton Shrops., near Madeley. Broctone 1086 (DB). Brockton Shrops., near Worthen. Brockton 1272. Brocton Staffs., near Stafford. Broctone 1086 (DB).

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Brockweir Glos. Brocwere c.1145.

‘Weir by the brook’.
OE brc + wer.

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Brockworth Glos. Brocowardinge 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure by the brook’.
OE brc + worthign.

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Brocton Staffs. ,

see BROCKTON.

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Brodsworth S. Yorks. Brodesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Broddr or Brord’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + worth.

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Brokenborough Wilts. Brokene beregge 956, Brocheneberge 1086 (DB).

‘Broken barrow’ (probably referring to a tumulus that had been broken into).
OE brocen + beorg.

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Bromborough Mersey. Brunburg early 12th cent.

‘Stronghold of a man called Brna’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Brome Suffolk . Brom 1086 (DB).

‘Place where broom grows’.
OE brm.

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Bromeswell Suffolk . Bromeswella 1086 (DB).

‘Rising ground where broom grows’.
OE brm + swelle.

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Bromfield Cumbria . Brounefeld c.1125.

‘Brown open land, or open land where broom grows’.
OE brn or brm + feld.

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Bromfield Shrops. Bromfelde 1061, Brunfelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land where broom grows’.
OE brm + feld.

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Bromham,

‘homestead or enclosure where broom grows’,
OE brm + hm or hamm: Bromham Beds. Bruneham 1086 (DB). Alternatively the first element in this name may be the
OE pers. name Brna. Bromham Wilts. Bromham 1086 (DB).

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Bromley,

usually ‘woodland clearing where broom grows’,
OE brm + lah: Bromley Herts. Bromlegh 1248. Bromley Gtr. London, near Beckenham. Bromleag 862, Bronlei 1086 (DB). Bromley, Abbots Staffs. Bromleage 1002. Affix from its early possession by Burton Abbey. Bromley, Great & Bromley, Little Essex . Brumleiam 1086 (DB). Bromley, Kings Staffs. Bromelei 1086 (DB), Bramlea Regis 1167. Affix is Latin regis ‘of the king’, alluding to a royal manor.
However the following has a different origin: Bromley Gtr. London, near Bow. Bræmbelege c.1000. ‘Woodland clearing where brambles grow’.
OE bræmbel + lah.

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Brompton,

usually ‘farmstead where broom grows’,
OE brm + tn: Brompton N. Yorks., near Northallerton. Bromtun c.1050, Bruntone 1086 (DB). Brompton N. Yorks., near Snainton. Bruntun 1086 (DB). Brompton on Swale N. Yorks. Brunton 1086 (DB). On the River Swale (probably
OE swalwe ‘rushing water’). Brompton, Patrick N. Yorks. Brunton 1086 (DB), Patricbrunton 1157. Manorial affix from its early possession by a man called Patric (an OIrish pers. name). Brompton, Potter N. Yorks. Brunetona 1086 (DB). Affix probably alludes to early potmaking here.
However the following has a different origin: Brompton Ralph & Brompton Regis Somerset . Burnetone, Brunetone 1086 (DB), Brompton Radulphi 1274, Brompton Regis 1291. ‘Farmstead by the brown hill’.
OE Brna (referring to Brendon Hills) + tn. Manorial affixes from early possession by a man called Ralph (
Latin Radulphus) and by the king (
Latin regis ‘of the king’).

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Bromsgrove Heref. & Worcs. Bremesgrefan 804, Bremesgrave 1086 (DB).

‘Grove or copse of a man called Brme’.
OE pers. name + grfe, grf.

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Bromwich,

‘dwelling or farm where broom grows’,
OE brm + wc: Bromwich, Castle W. Mids. Bramewice 1168, Castelbromwic 13th cent. Affix refers to a 12th cent. earthwork. Bromwich, West W. Mids. Bromwic 1086, Westbromwich 1322.

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Bromyard Heref. & Worcs. Bromgeard c.840, Bromgerde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure where broom grows’.
OE brm + geard.

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Brondesbury Gtr. London . Bronnesburie 1254.

‘Manor of a man called Brand’.
ME pers. name or surname + bury (from OE byrig, dative of burh).

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Brook, Brooke,

‘(place at) the brook’,
OE brc: Brook I. of Wight . Broc 1086 (DB). Brook Kent . Broca 11th cent. Brooke Norfolk . Broc 1086 (DB). Brooke Rutland. Broc 1176.

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Brookland Kent . Broklande 1262.

‘Cultivated land by a brook’.
OE brc + land.

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Brookmans Park Herts. Brokemanes 1468.

Named from a local family called Brokeman.

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Brookthorpe Glos. Brostorp (sic) 1086 (DB), Brocthrop 12th cent.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet by a brook’.
OE brc + throp.

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Brookwood Surrey . Brocwude 1225.

‘Wood by a brook’.
OE brc + wudu.

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Broom, Broome,

‘place where broom grows’,
OE brm; examples include: Broom Beds. Brume 1086 (DB). Broom Durham . Brom c.1170. Broom Heref. & Worcs. Brom 1169. Broom Warwicks. Brome 710, 1086 (DB). Broome Norfolk . Brom 1086 (DB).

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Broomfield,

‘open land where broom grows’,
OE brm + feld: Broomfield Essex . Brumfeldam 1086 (DB). Broomfield Kent, near Maidstone. Brunfelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Brumfeld c.1100. Broomfield Somerset . Brunfelle 1086 (DB).

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Broomfleet E. R. Yorks. Brungareflet 1150–4.

‘Stretch of river belonging to a man called Brngr’.
OE pers. name + flot.

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Brooms, High Kent , earlier Bromgebrug 1270, Bromelaregg 1318,

from
OE brm ‘broom’ with either brycg ‘bridge’ or hrycg ‘ridge’.

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Broseley Shrops. Burewardeslega 1177.

‘Woodland clearing of the fort-keeper, or of a man called Burgweard’.
OE burhweard or pers. name + lah.

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Brotherton N. Yorks. Brothertun c.1030.

‘Farmstead of the brother, or of a man called Bróthir’.
OE brthor or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Brotton Red. & Cleve. Broctune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a brook’.
OE brc + tn.

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Brough,

‘stronghold or fortification’,
OE burh; examples include: Brough Cumbria . Burc 1174. Brough Derbys. Burc 1195. Brough E. R. Yorks. Burg c.1200. Brough Notts. Burgh 1525.

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Broughton,

a common name, usually ‘farmstead by a brook’,
OE brc + tn; examples include: Broughton Astley Leics. Broctone 1086 (DB), Broghton Astley 1423. Manorial affix from the de Estle family, here in the 13th cent. Broughton Gifford Wilts. Broctun 1001, Broctone 1086 (DB), Brocton Giffard 1288. Manorial affix from the Giffard family, here in the 13th cent. Broughton, Great & Broughton, Little Cumbria . Broctuna 12th cent. Broughton Hackett Heref. & Worcs. Broctun 972, Broctune 1086 (DB), Broctone Haket 1275. Manorial affix from the Hackett family, here in the 12th cent. Broughton in Furness Cumbria . Brocton 1196. For the district name Furness, see BARROW. Broughton Poggs Oxon. Brotone 1086 (DB), Broughton Pouges 1526. Manorial affix from early possession of lands here by the Pugeys family.
However other Broughtons have a different origin: Broughton Hants. Brestone 1086 (DB), Burchton 1173. ‘Farmstead by a hill or mound’.
OE beorg + tn. Broughton N. Lincs. Bertone 1086 (DB). Identical in origin with previous name. Broughton Northants. Burtone 1086 (DB). ‘Fortified farmstead’ or ‘farmstead near a fortification’.
OE burh-tn. Broughton, Brant Lincs. Burtune 1086 (DB), Brendebrocton 1250. Identical in origin with the previous name. Affix is
ME brende ‘burnt, destroyed by fire’.

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Brown Candover Hants. ,

see CANDOVER.

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Brown Edge Lancs. Browneegge 1551.

‘Brown edge or ridge’.
OE brn + ecg.

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Brownhills Staffs. ,

a recent self-explanatory name.

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Brownsea Island Dorset. Brunkeseye 1241.

‘Island of a man called Brnoc’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Brownston Devon . Brunardeston 1219.

‘Farmstead of a man called Brnweard’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Broxbourne Herts. Brochesborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream frequented by badgers’.
OE brocc + burna.

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Broxted Essex . Brocheseued c.1050, Brocchesheuot 1086 (DB).

‘Badger's head’, i.e. ‘hill frequented by badgers’, or ‘hill resembling a badger's head’.
OE brocc + hafod.

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Broxton Ches. Brosse 1086 (DB), Brexin, Broxun 13th cent.

An obscure name, possibly from an
OE burgæsn ‘burial place’. In any case the later -ton (found from 1260) is unhistorical.

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Bruera Ches. Bruera c.1150.

Latin bruer(i)a ‘heath’.

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Bruisyard Suffolk . Buresiart 1086 (DB).

‘Peasant's enclosure’.
OE (ge)br + geard.

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Brumby N. Lincs. Brunebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Brúni’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. brunnr ‘spring’.

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Brundall Norfolk . Brundala 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘broomy nook of land’.
OE brmede + halh.

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Brundish Suffolk . Burnedich 1177.

‘Pasture on a stream’.
OE burna + edisc.

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Brunton Northum. Burneton 1242.

‘Farmstead by a stream’.
OE burna + tn.

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Brushford,

‘ford by the bridge’,
OE brycg + ford: Brushford Devon . Brigeford 1086 (DB). Brushford Somerset . Brigeford 1086 (DB).

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Bruton Somerset . Briwetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Brue’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘brisk’) + OE tn.

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Bryanston Dorset. Blaneford Brian, Brianeston 1268.

‘Brian's estate’, from
OE tn. Brian de Insula held this manor (originally called Blaneford = BLANDFORD) in the early 13th cent.

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Bryher Isles of Scilly, Cornwall. Braer 1319.

Probably ‘the hills’. Cornish bre in a plural form.

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Brympton Somerset . Brunetone 1086 (DB), Brimpton 1264, Bromton 1331.

Probably ‘farmstead where broom grows’.
OE brm + tn.

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Bryn Shrops. Bren 1272.

Celtic brïnn ‘hill’.

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Bubbenhall Warwicks. Bubenhalle (sic) 1086 (DB), Bubenhull 1211.

‘Hill of a man called Bubba’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hyll.

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Bubwith E. R. Yorks. Bobewyth 1066–9, Bubvid 1086 (DB).

‘Wood (or dwelling) of a man called Bubba’.
OE pers. name + OScand. vithr (perhaps replacing OE wc).

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Buckby, Long Northants. Buchebi 1086 (DB), Longe Bugby 1565.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Bukki or Bucca’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + OScand. bý. Affix refers to the length of the village.

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Buckden Cambs. Bugedene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a woman called Bucge’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Buckden N. Yorks. Buckeden 12th cent.

‘Valley frequented by bucks (male deer)’.
OE bucc + denu.

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Buckenham,

‘homestead of a man called Bucca’,
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm: Buckenham Norfolk . Buc(h)anaham 1086 (DB). Buckenham, New & Buckenham, Old Norfolk . Buc(he)ham 1086 (DB).

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Buckerell Devon . Bucherel 1165.

Obscure in origin and meaning.

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Buckfast Devon . Bucfæsten 1046, Bucfestre 1086 (DB).

‘Place of shelter for bucks (male deer)’.
OE bucc + fæsten.

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Buckfastleigh Devon . Leghe Bucfestre 13th cent.

‘Wood or woodland clearing near BUCKFAST’.
OE lah.

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Buckhorn Weston Dorset ,

see WESTON.

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Buckhurst Hill Essex . Bocherst 1135.

‘Wooded hill growing with beeches’.
OE bc + hyrst.

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Buckingham Bucks. Buccingahamme early 10th cent., Bochingeham 1086 (DB).

‘River-bend land of the family or followers of a man called Bucca’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hamm. Buckinghamshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Buckland,

a common name, from
OE bc-land ‘charter land’, i.e. ‘estate with certain rights and privileges created by an Anglo-Saxon royal diploma’; examples include: Buckland Surrey . Bochelant 1086 (DB). Buckland Brewer Devon . Bochelanda 1086 (DB), Boclande Bruere 1290. Manorial affix from the Briwerre family, here in the 13th cent. Buckland Dinham Somerset . Boclande 951, Bochelande 1086 (DB), Bokelonddynham 1329. Manorial affix from the de Dinan family, here in the 13th cent. Buckland, Egg Devon . Bochelanda 1086 (DB), Eckebokelond 1221. Manorial affix from its possession by a man called Heca in 1086. Buckland Filleigh Devon . Bochelan 1086 (DB), Bokelondefilleghe 1333. Manorial affix from the de Fyleleye family, here in the 13th cent. Buckland in the Moor Devon . Bochelanda 1086 (DB), Bokelaund in the More 1318. Affix from its situation on the edge of DARTMOOR. Buckland Monachorum Devon . Boclande c.970, Bochelanda 1086 (DB), Boclonde Monachorum 1291.
Latin affix ‘of the monks’, referring to an abbey founded here in 1278. Buckland Newton Dorset. Boclonde 941, Bochelande 1086 (DB), Newton Buckland 1576. Relatively late addition Newton is from STURMINSTER NEWTON.

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Bucklebury Berks. Borgeldeberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a woman called Burghild’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Bucklers Hard Hants. ,

first so recorded in 1789, named from the Buckler family here in 1664, with dialect hard ‘firm landing-place’.

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Bucklesham Suffolk . Bukelesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Buccel’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Buckminster Leics. Bucheminstre 1086 (DB).

‘Large church of a man called Bucca’.
OE pers. name + mynster.

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Bucknall,

‘nook of land of a man called Bucca, or where he-goats graze’,
OE pers. name or bucca (genitive -n) + halh: Bucknall Lincs. Bokenhale 806, Buchehale 1086 (DB). Bucknall Staffs. Bucenhole 1086 (DB).

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Bucknell,

‘hill of a man called Bucca, or where he-goats graze’,
OE pers. name or bucca (genitive -n) + hyll: Bucknell Oxon. Buchehelle 1086 (DB). Bucknell Shrops. Buchehalle (sic) 1086 (DB), Bukenhull 1209.

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Buck's Cross Devon . Bochewis 1086 (DB).

‘Measure of land granted by charter’.
OE bc + hwisc.

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Buckton,

‘farmstead of a man called Bucca, or where bucks (male deer) or he-goats are kept’,
OE pers. name or OE bucc or bucca + tn: Buckton E. R. Yorks. Bochetone 1086 (DB). Buckton Heref. & Worcs. Buctone 1086 (DB). Buckton Northum. Buketun 1208–10.

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Buckworth Cambs. Buchesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Bucc’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Budbrooke Warwicks. Budebroc 1086 (DB).

‘Brook of a man called Budda’.
OE pers. name + brc.

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Budby Notts. Butebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Butti’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Bude Cornwall . Bude 1400.

Perhaps originally a river-name, of uncertain origin and meaning.

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Budle Northum. Bolda 1166.

‘The special house or building’.
OE bthl.

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Budleigh, East Devon . Bodelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Budda’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Budleigh Salterton Devon ,

see SALTERTON.

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Budock Water Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Budocus’ 1208.

From the patron saint of the church, St Budock. Later affix is water in the sense ‘stream’.

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Budworth,

‘enclosure of a man called Budda’,
OE pers. name + worth: Budworth, Great Ches. Budewrde 1086 (DB). Budworth, Little Ches. Bodeurde 1086 (DB).

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Buerton Ches., near Audlem. Burtune 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure belonging to a fortified place’.
OE byrh-tn.

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Bugbrooke Northants. Buchebroc 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘brook of a man called Bucca’.
OE pers. name + brc.

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Bugthorpe E. R. Yorks. Bugetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Buggi’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Buildwas Shrops. Beldewas 1086 (DB).

OE wæsse ‘alluvial land’ with an uncertain first element.

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Bulby Lincs. Bolebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Boli or Bolli’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Bulford Wilts. Bulte(s)ford 12th cent.

Possibly ‘ford by the island where ragged robin or the cuckoo flower grows’.
OE bulut + eg + ford.

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Bulkeley Ches. Bulceleia 1170.

‘Clearing or pasture where bullocks graze’.
OE bulluc + lah.

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Bulkington,

‘estate associated with a man called Bulca’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Bulkington Warwicks. Bochintone 1086 (DB). Bulkington Wilts. Boltintone 1086 (DB).

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Bulkworthy Devon . Buchesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Bulca’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Bulley Glos. Bulelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where bulls graze’.
OE bula + lah.

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Bullingham, Lower Heref. & Worcs. Boninhope (sic) 1086 (DB), Bullingehope 1242.

‘Marsh enclosure associated with a man called Bulla’, or ‘marsh enclosure at Bulla's place’.
OE pers. name + -ing- or -ing + hop (later replaced by hamm).

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Bulmer,

‘pool where bulls drink’,
OE bula (genitive plural bulena) + mere: Bulmer Essex . Bulenemera 1086 (DB). Bulmer N. Yorks. Bolemere 1086 (DB).

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Bulphan Essex . Bulgeuen 1086 (DB).

‘Fen near a fortified place’.
OE burh + fenn. The spelling with -l- is due to Norman influence.

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Bulverhythe E. Sussex. Bulwareheda 12th cent.

‘Landing-place of the town-dwellers (of Hastings)’.
OE burh-ware + hth.

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Bulwell Notts. Buleuuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Bula, or where bulls drink’.
OE pers. name or OE bula + wella.

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Bulwick Northants. Bulewic 1162.

‘Farm where bulls are reared’.
OE bula + wc.

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Bumpstead, Helions & Bumpstead, Steeple Essex . Bumesteda 1086 (DB), Bumpsted Helyun 1238, Stepilbumstede 1261.

‘Place where reeds grow’.
OE bune + stede. Distinguishing affixes from Tihel de Helion who held one manor in 1086, and from
OE stpel ‘steeple, tower’.

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Bunbury Ches. Boleberie (sic) 1086 (DB), Bonebury 12th cent.

‘Stronghold of a man called Bna’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Bungay Suffolk . Bunghea 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘island of the family or followers of a man called Bna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + g.

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Bunny Notts. Bonei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘island, or dry ground in marsh, where reeds grow’.
OE bune + g.

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Buntingford Herts. Buntingeford 1185.

‘Ford frequented by buntings or yellow-hammers’.
ME bunting + ford.

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Bunwell Norfolk . Bunewell 1198.

‘Spring or stream where reeds grow’.
OE bune + wella.

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Burbage Derbys. Burbache 1417.

‘Stream or ridge by a fortified place’.
OE burh + bece or bæc (dative bece).

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Burbage Leics. Burhbeca 1043, Burbece 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ridge by a fortified place’.
OE burh + bæc (dative bece).

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Burbage Wilts. Burhbece 961, Burbetce 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stream by a fortified place’.
OE burh + bece.

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Burcombe Wilts. Brydancumb 937, Bredecumbe 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of a man called Brda’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Burcot Oxon. Bridicote 1198.

Probably ‘cottage(s) associated with a man called Brda’.
OE pers. name (+ -ing-) + cot.

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Burdale N. Yorks. Bredhalle 1086 (DB).

‘Hall or house made of planks’.
OE bred + hall.

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Bures & Mount Bures Essex . Bura 1086 (DB), Bures 1198, Bures atte Munte 1328.

‘The dwellings or cottages’.
OE br with later affix ‘at the hill’ from ME munt.

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Burford,

‘ford by the fortified place’,
OE burh + ford: Burford Oxon. Bureford 1086 (DB). Burford Shrops. Bureford 1086 (DB).

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Burgess Hill W. Sussex . Burges Hill 1597.

Named from a family called Burgeys, here in the 13th cent.

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Burgh,

a common name, usually
OE burh ‘fortification, stronghold, fortified manor’; examples include: Burgh Suffolk . Burc 1086 (DB). Burgh-by-Sands Cumbria . Burch c.1180, Burg en le Sandes 1292. This is an old Roman fort on the coast. Burgh le Marsh Lincs. Burg 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘in the marshland’.
However the following has a different origin: Burgh, Great & Burgh Heath Surrey . Berge 1086 (DB), Borow heth 1545. ‘(Place at) the barrow(s)’, from
OE beorg, with the later addition of hth ‘heath’.

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Burghclere Hants. Burclere 1171.

OE burh in one of its meanings ‘fortification, manor, borough, market-town’ added to the original name found also in HIGHCLERE.

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Burghfield Berks. Borgefel 1086 (DB).

‘Open land by the hill’.
OE beorg + feld.

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Burghill Heref. & Worcs. Burgelle 1086 (DB).

‘Hill with a fort’.
OE burh + hyll.

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Burghwallis S. Yorks. Burg 1086 (DB), Burghwaleys 1283.

‘The stronghold or fortified manor’,
OE burh, with later manorial affix from the Waleys family, here from the 12th cent.

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Burham Kent . Burhham 10th cent., Borham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead near the fortified place’.
OE burh + hm.

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Buriton Hants. Buriton 1227.

‘Enclosure near or belonging to a fortified place’.
OE byrh-tn.

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Burland Ches. Burlond 1260.

‘Cultivated land of the peasants’.
OE (ge)br + land.

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Burlescombe Devon . Berlescoma (sic) 1086 (DB), Burewoldescumbe 12th cent.

‘Valley of a man called Burgweald’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Burleston Dorset. Bordelestone 934.

‘Farmstead of a man called Burdel’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Burley,

‘woodland clearing by or belonging to a fortified place’,
OE burh + lah: Burley Hants. Burgelea 1178. Burley Rutland. Burgelai 1086 (DB). Burley W. Yorks. Burcheleia c.1200. Burley in Wharfedale W. Yorks. Burhleg c.972, Burghelai 1086 (DB). Affix is ‘valley of the River Wharfe’,
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘winding one’) + OScand. dalr.

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Burleydam Ches. Burley c.1130, Burleydam 1643.

‘Woodland clearing of the peasants’.
OE (ge)br + lah with the later addition of ME damme ‘a milldam’.

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Burlingham Norfolk . Berlingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Brla or Byrla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Burlton Shrops. Burghelton 1241.

‘Farmstead by a hill with a fort’.
OE burh + hyll + tn.

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Burmarsh Kent . Burwaramers 7th cent., Burwarmaresc 1086 (DB).

‘Marsh of the town-dwellers (of Canterbury)’.
OE burh-ware + mersc.

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Burmington Warwicks. Burdintone (sic) 1086 (DB), Burminton late 12th cent.

‘Estate associated with a man called Beornmund or Beorma’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Burn N. Yorks. Byrne c.1030.

Probably ‘place cleared by burning’.
OE bryne.

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Burnaston Derbys. Burnulfestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Brnwulf or Brynjólfr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Burnby E. R. Yorks. Brunebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village by a spring or stream’.
OScand. brunnr + bý.

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Burneside Cumbria . Brunoluesheued c.1180.

‘Headland or hill of a man called Brnwulf or Brunulf’.
OE or OGerman pers. name + OE hafod.

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Burneston N. Yorks. Brennigston 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Brýningr’.
OScand. pers. name + tn.

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Burnett B. & NE. Som. Bernet 1086 (DB).

‘Land cleared by burning’.
OE bærnet.

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Burnham,

usually ‘homestead or village on a stream’,
OE burna + hm: Burnham Bucks. Burneham 1086 (DB). Burnham Deepdale & Burnham Market , Burnham Norton & Burnham Overy , Burnham Thorpe Norfolk . Brun(e)ham, Depedala 1086 (DB), Brunham Norton 1457, Brunham Overhe 1457, Brunhamtorp 1199. Distinguishing affixes are ‘deep valley’ (
OE dop + dæl), ‘market’, ‘north farm’ (
OE north + tn), ‘over the river’ (
OE ofer + a) and ‘outlying farmstead’ (
OScand. thorp). Burnham on Crouch Essex . Burneham 1086 (DB). Affix is from the River Crouch (not recorded before 16th cent., probably from
OE crc ‘a cross’).
However two Burnhams have a different origin: Burnham N. Lincs. Brune (sic) 1086 (DB), Brunum c.1115. ‘(Place at) the springs or streams’.
OScand. brunnr in a dative plural form brunnum. Burnham on Sea Somerset . Burnhamm c.880, Burneham 1086 (DB). ‘Enclosure by a stream’.
OE burna + hamm.

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Burniston N. Yorks. Brinnistun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Brýningr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Burnley Lancs. Brunlaia 1124.

‘Woodland clearing by the River Brun’.
OE river-name (from brn ‘brown’ or burna ‘stream’) + lah.

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Burnsall N. Yorks. Brineshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Brni’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Burpham,

‘homestead near the stronghold or fortified place’,
OE burh + hm: Burpham Surrey . Borham 1086 (DB). Burpham W. Sussex . Burhham c.920, Bercheham 1086 (DB).

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Burradon,

‘hill with a fort’,
OE burh + dn: Burradon Northum. Burhedon early 13th cent. Burradon Tyne & Wear. Burgdon 12th cent.

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Burrill N. Yorks. Borel 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill with a fort’.
OE burh + hyll.

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Burringham N. Lincs. Burringham 1199.

Probably ‘homestead of the dwellers on the stream’.
OE burna + -inga- + hm.

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Burrington Devon . Bernintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Beorn’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Burrington Heref. & Worcs. Boritune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a fortified place’.
OE burh (genitive or dative byrig) + tn.

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Burrington N. Som. Buringtune 12th cent.

‘Farmstead by a fortified place’.
OE burh (genitive or dative byrig) + tn.

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Burrough Green Cambs. Burg c.1045, Burch 1086 (DB), Boroughegrene 1571.

‘The fortified place’.
OE burh with the later addition of grne ‘village green’.

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Burrough on the Hill Leics. Burg 1086 (DB).

‘The fortified place’.
OE burh, referring to an Iron Age hill-fort.

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Burrow Bridge Somerset . Æt tham Beorge 1065.

‘(Place) at the hill’.
OE beorg.

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Burrow, Nether & Burrow, Over Lancs. Borch 1086 (DB).

‘The fortified place’, here referring to a Roman fort.
OE burh.

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Burscough Lancs. Burscogh c.1190.

‘Wood by the fort’.
OE burh + OScand. skógr.

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Burshill E. R. Yorks. Bristehil 12th cent.

‘Hill with a landslip or rough ground’.
OE byrst + hyll.

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Bursledon Hants. Brixendona c.1170.

Probably ‘hill associated with a man called Beorhtsige’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + dn.

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Burslem Staffs. Barcardeslim (sic) 1086 (DB), Borewardeslyme 1242.

‘Estate in Lyme belonging to the fort-keeper, or to a man called Burgweard’.
OE burh-weard or pers. name with old Celtic district name Lyme probably meaning ‘elm-tree region’.

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Burstall Suffolk . Burgestala 1086 (DB).

‘Site of a fort or stronghold’.
OE burh-stall.

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Burstead, Great & Burstead, Little Essex . Burgestede c.1000, Burghesteda 1086 (DB).

‘Site of a fort or stronghold’.
OE burh-stede.

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Burstock Dorset. Burewinestoch 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a woman called Burgwynn or of a man called Burgwine’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Burston Norfolk . Borstuna 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead by a landslip or rough ground’.
OE byrst + tn.

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Burston Staffs. Burouestone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Burgwine or Burgwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Burstow Surrey . Burestou 12th cent.

‘Place by a fort or stronghold’.
OE burh (genitive byrh) + stw.

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Burstwick E. R. Yorks. Brostewic 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘dwelling or farm of a man called Bursti’.
OScand. pers. name + OE wc.

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Burton,

a common name, usually
OE burh-tn ‘fortified farmstead’, or ‘farmstead near a fortification’; examples include: Burton Agnes E. R. Yorks. Bortona 1086 (DB), Burton Agneys 1231. Manorial affix from its possession by Agnes de Percy in the late 12th cent. Burton, Bishop E. R. Yorks. Burton 1086 (DB), Bisshopburton 1376. Manorial affix from its early possession by the Archbishops of York. Burton, Cherry E. R. Yorks. Burtone 1086 (DB), Cheriburton 1444. Affix is
ME chiri ‘cherry’, no doubt referring to cherry-trees growing here. Burton, Constable N. Yorks. Bortone 1086 (DB), Burton Constable 1301. Manorial affix from its possession by the Constables of Richmond Castle in the 12th cent. Burton Dassett Warwicks. , see DASSETT. Burton Fleming E. R. Yorks. Burtone 1086 (DB), Burton Flemeng 1234. Manorial affix from the Fleming family, here in the 12th cent. Burton Hastings Warwicks. Burhtun 1002, Bortone 1086 (DB), Burugton de Hastings 1313. Manorial affix from the de Hasteng family, here in the 13th cent. Burton Latimer Northants. Burtone 1086 (DB), Burton Latymer 1482. Manorial affix from the le Latimer family, here in the 13th cent. Burton upon Stather N. Lincs. Burtone 1086 (DB), Burtonstather 1275. Affix means ‘by the landing-places’ from
OScand. stth in a plural form stthvar.
However the following have a different origin: Burton Bradstock Dorset. Bridetone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead on the River Bride’.
Celtic river-name (see BREDY) + OE tn. The later addition Bradstock is from the Abbey of BRADENSTOKE which held the manor from the 13th cent. Burton Joyce Notts. Bertune 1086 (DB), Birton Jorce 1327.
OE byrh-tn ‘farmstead of the fortified place or stronghold’. Manorial affix from the de Jorz family, here in the 13th cent. Burton Salmon N. Yorks. Brettona c.1160, Burton Salamon 1516. ‘Farmstead of the Britons’.
OE Brettas (genitive Bretta) + tn. Manorial affix from a man called Salamone who had lands here in the 13th cent. Burton upon Trent Staffs. Byrtun 1002, Bertone 1086 (DB). Identical in origin with BURTON JOYCE. For the river-name, see TRENTHAM.

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Burtonwood Ches. Burtoneswod 1228.

‘Wood by the fortified farmstead’.
OE burh-tn + wudu.

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Burwardsley Ches. Burwardeslei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the fort-keeper, or of a man called Burgweard’.
OE burh-weard or pers. name + lah.

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Burwarton Shrops. Burertone (sic) 1086 (DB), Burwardton 1194.

‘Farmstead of the fort-keeper, or of a man called Burgweard’.
OE burh-weard or pers. name + tn.

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Burwash E. Sussex. Burhercse 12th cent.

‘Ploughed field by the fort’.
OE burh + ersc.

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Burwell,

‘spring or stream by the fort’,
OE burh + wella: Burwell Cambs. Burcwell 1060, Buruuella 1086 (DB). Burwell Lincs. Buruelle 1086 (DB).

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Bury,

‘(place by) the fort or stronghold’,
OE burh (dative byrig): Bury Cambs. Byrig 974. Bury Gtr. Manch. Biri 1194. Bury W. Sussex . Berie 1086 (DB).

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Bury St Edmunds Suffolk . Sancte Eadmundes Byrig 1038.

‘Town associated with St admund’.
OE saint's name (a 9th cent. king of East Anglia) + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Burythorpe N. Yorks. Bergetorp 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a woman called Bjrg’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Busby, Great N. Yorks. Buschebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Buski, or among the bushes or shrubs’.
OScand. pers. name or buskr, buski + bý.

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Buscot Oxon. Boroardescote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) of the fort-keeper, or of a man called Burgweard’.
OE burh-weard or pers. name + cot.

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Bushbury W. Mids. Byscopesbyri 996, Biscopesberie 1086 (DB).

‘The bishop's fortified manor’.
OE biscop + burh (dative byrig).

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Bushey Herts. Bissei 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure near a thicket, or hedged with box-trees’.
OE bysce or byxe + hæg.

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Bushley Heref. & Worcs. Biselege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing with bushes, or of a man called Byssa’.
OE bysce or pers. name + lah.

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Bushton Wilts. Bissopeston 1242.

‘The bishop's farmstead’.
OE biscop + tn.

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Buston, High & Buston, Low Northum. Buttesdune 1166, Butlesdon 1249.

Possibly ‘hill of a man called Buttel’,
OE pers. name + dn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE butt ‘stumpy hill’.

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Butcombe N. Som. Budancumb c.1000, Budicome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Buda’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Butleigh Somerset . Budecalech 725, Boduchelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Budeca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Butley Suffolk . Butelea 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Butta’.
OE pers. name + lah. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE butte ‘mound, hill’.

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Butterleigh Devon . Buterlei 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing with good pasture’.
OE butere + lah.

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Buttermere,

‘lake or pool with good pasture’,
OE butere + mere: Buttermere Cumbria . Butermere 1230. Buttermere Wilts. Butermere 863. Butremere 1086 (DB).

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Butterton Staffs., near Leek. Buterdon 1200.

‘Hill with good pasture’.
OE butere + dn.

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Butterwick,

‘dairy farm where butter is made’,
OE butere + wc: Butterwick Durham . Boterwyk 1131. Butterwick Lincs. Butrvic 1086 (DB). Butterwick N. Yorks., near Foxholes. Butruid (sic) 1086 (DB), Butterwic c.1130. Butterwick N. Yorks., near Hovingham. Butruic 1086 (DB). Butterwick, East & Butterwick, West N. Lincs. Butreuuic 1086 (DB).

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Buxhall Suffolk . Bucyshealæ c.995, Buckeshala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Bucc’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Buxted E. Sussex. Boxted 1199.

‘Place where beech-trees or box-trees grow’.
OE bc or box + stede.

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Buxton Derbys. Buchestanes c.1100.

Probably ‘the rocking stones or logan-stones’.
OE bg-stn.

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Buxton Norfolk . Bukestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Bucc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Buxworth Derbys. Buggisworth 1275.

‘Enclosure of a man called Bucg’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Byers Green Durham . Bires 1345.

‘The byres or cowsheds’.
OE bre.

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Byfield Northants. Bifelde 1086 (DB).

‘(Place) by the open country’.
OE b + feld.

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Byfleet Surrey . Biflete 933, Biflet 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place) by the stream’,
OE b + flot. Alternatively from an
OE compound b-flot ‘small area of land cut off by the changing course of a stream’.

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Byford Heref. & Worcs. Buiford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford near the river-bend’.
OE byge + ford.

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Bygrave Herts. Bigravan 973, Bigrave 1086 (DB).

‘(Place) by the grove or by the trench’.
OE b + grfa or grafa.

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Byker Tyne & Wear. Bikere 1196.

Identical in origin with BICKER.

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Byley Ches. Bevelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Bofa’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Bytham, Castle & Bytham, Little Lincs. Bytham c.1067, Bitham 1086 (DB).

‘Valley bottom’.
OE bythme.

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Bythorn Cambs. Bitherna c.960, Bierne (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘(Place) by the thorn-bush’.
OE b + thyrne.

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Byton Heref. & Worcs. Boitune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the river-bend’.
OE byge + tn.

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Bywell Northum. Biguell 1104–8, Biewell 1195.

‘Spring by the river-bend’.
OE byge + wella.

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Byworth W. Sussex . Begworth 1279.

‘Enclosure of a woman called Bage or a man called Bga’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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C

Cabourne Lincs. Caburne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream frequented by jackdaws’.
OE c + burna.

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Cadbury,

‘fortified place or stronghold of a man called Cada’,
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig): Cadbury Devon . Cadebirie 1086 (DB). Cadbury, North & Cadbury, South Somerset . Cadanbyrig c.1000, Cadeberie 1086 (DB).

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Caddington Beds. Caddandun c.1000, Cadendone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Cada’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Cadeby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Káti’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Cadeby Leics. Catebi 1086 (DB). Cadeby S. Yorks. Catebi 1086 (DB).

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Cadeleigh Devon . Cadelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Cada’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Cadishead Gtr. Manch. Cadewalesate 1212.

‘Dwelling or fold by the stream of a man called Cada’.
OE pers. name + wælla + set.

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Cadmore End Bucks. Cademere 1236.

e‘state boundary or pool of a man called Cada’.
OE pers. name + m re or mere.

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Cadnam Hants. Cadenham 1272.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Cada’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Cadney N. Lincs. Catenai 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Cada’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Caenby Lincs. Couenebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Cfna or Kafni’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Cainscross Glos. ,

not on record until 1776, probably from cross ‘cross-roads’ with the surname Cain.

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Caister, Caistor,

‘Roman camp or town’,
OE cæster: Caister-on-Sea Norfolk . Castra 1044–7, 1086 (DB). Caistor Lincs. Castre 1086 (DB). Caistor St Edmund Norfolk . Castre c.1025, Castrum 1086 (DB), Castre Sancti Eadmundi 1254. Affix from its early possession by the Abbey of Bury St Edmunds.

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Caistron Northum. Cers c.1160, Kerstirn 1202.

‘Thornbush by the fen’.
ME kers + OScand. thyrnir.

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Calbourne I. of Wight . Cawelburne 826, Cavborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream called Cawel’, or ‘stream where cole or cabbage grows’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) or OE cawel + burna.

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Calceby Lincs. Calesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Kalfr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Calcethorpe Lincs. Cheilestorp c.1115.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Cgel’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Calcot Row Berks. ,

not on record before the 18th century, but probably identical in origin with CALDECOTE.

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Calcutt Wilts. Colecote 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘cottage of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Caldbeck Cumbria . Caldebek 11th cent.

‘Cold stream’.
OScand. kaldr + bekkr.

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Caldbergh N. Yorks. Caldeber 1086 (DB).

‘Cold hill’.
OScand. kaldr + berg.

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Caldecote, Caldecott,

a place-name found in various counties, meaning ‘cold or inhospitable cottage(s), or shelter(s) for travellers’, from
OE cald + cot; examples include: Caldecote Cambs. Caldecote 1086 (DB). Caldecote Herts. Caldecota 1086 (DB). Caldecote Northants. Caldecot 1202. Caldecote Hill Warwicks. Caldecote 1086 (DB). Caldecott Northants. Caldecote 1086 (DB). Caldecott Rutland. Caldecote 1086 (DB).

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Calder Bridge & Calder Hall Cumbria . Calder 1178.

Named from the River Calder, an old Celtic river-name meaning ‘rapid stream’.

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Calder Vale Lancs. ,

named from a stream, identical in origin with the previous name.

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Caldwell N. Yorks. Caldeuuella 1086 (DB).

‘Cold spring or stream’.
OE cald + wella.

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Caldy Mersey. Calders 1086 (DB), Caldei 1182.

‘Cold island’, earlier ‘cold rounded hill’.
OE cald + g (replacing ears).

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Cale (river) Dorset, Somerset ,

see WINCANTON.

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Calke Derbys. Calc 1132.

‘(Place on) the limestone’.
OE calc.

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Callaly Northum. Calualea 1161.

‘Clearing where calves graze’.
OE calf (genitive plural calfra) + lah.

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Callerton,

‘hill where calves graze’,
OE calf (genitive plural calfra) + dn: Callerton, Black Northum. Calverdona 1212. Affix is
OE blæc ‘dark-coloured’. Callerton, High Northum. Calverdon 1242.

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Callington Cornwall . Calwetone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead by the bare hill’.
OE calu (in a dative form) + tn.

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Callow Heref. & Worcs. Calua 1180.

‘The bare hill’.
OE calu in a dative form.

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Calmsden Glos. Kalemundesdene 852.

‘Valley of a man called Calumund’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Calne Wilts. Calne 955, 1086 (DB).

A pre-English river-name of uncertain meaning.

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Calow Derbys. Calehale 1086 (DB).

‘Bare nook of land’, or ‘nook of land at a bare hill’.
OE calu + halh.

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Calshot Hants. Celcesoran 980, Celceshord 1011.

OE ord ‘point or spit of land’ (replacing ra ‘shore’ in the earliest spelling) with an uncertain first element, possibly
OE cælic ‘cup, chalice’ used in some topographical sense.

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Calstock Cornwall . Kalestoc 1086 (DB).

The second element is
OE stoc ‘outlying farm, secondary settlement’, the first is uncertain.

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Calstone Wellington Wilts. Calestone 1086 (DB), Caulston Wellington 1568.

Probably ‘farmstead or village by CALNE’, from
OE tn. The manorial addition is from a family called de Wilinton, here from the 13th century.

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Calthorpe Norfolk . Calethorp 1044–7, Caletorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Kali’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Calthwaite Cumbria . Caluethweyt 1272.

‘Clearing where calves are kept’.
OE calf or OScand. kalfr + thveit.

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Calton,

‘farm where calves are reared’,
OE calf + tn: Calton N. Yorks. Caltun 1086 (DB). Calton Staffs. Calton 1238.

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Calveley Ches. Caluelegc.1235.

‘Clearing where calves are pastured’.
OE calf + lah.

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Calver Derbys. Calvoure 1086 (DB).

‘Slope or ridge where calves graze’.
OE calf + ofer.

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Calverhall Shrops. Cavrahalle 1086 (DB), Caluerhale 1256.

‘Nook of land where calves graze’.
OE calf (genitive plural calfra) + halh.

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Calverleigh Devon . Calodelie (sic) 1086 (DB), Calewudelega 1194.

‘Clearing in the bare wood’.
OE calu + wudu + lah.

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Calverley W. Yorks. Caverleia 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing where calves are pastured’.
OE calf (genitive plural calfra) + lah.

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Calverton,

‘farm where calves are reared’,
OE calf (genitive plural calfra) + tn: Calverton Bucks. Calvretone 1086 (DB). Calverton Notts. Caluretone 1086 (DB).

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Cam Glos. Camma 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Cam, an old Celtic river-name meaning ‘crooked’.

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Cam Beck (river) Cumbria ,

see KIRKCAMBECK.

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Camber E. Sussex. Camere 1375, Portus Camera 1397, Caumbre 1442.

From
OFrench cambre,
Latin camera ‘a room, an enclosed space’, perhaps originally with reference to a small harbour here before the silting up of the Rother estuary.

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Camberley Surrey ,

an arbitrary name of recent origin, altered from Cambridge Town which was named in 1862 from the Duke of Cambridge.

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Camberwell Gtr. London . Cambrewelle 1086 (DB).

OE wella ‘spring or stream’ with an obscure first element.

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Camblesforth N. Yorks. Camelesforde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ford associated with a man called Camel(e)’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Cambo Northum. Camho 1230.

‘Hill-spur with a crest or ridge’.
OE camb + hh.

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Cambois Northum. Cammes c.1050.

A Celtic name, a derivative of Celtic camm ‘crooked’ and originally referring to the bay here.

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Camborne Cornwall . Camberon 1182.

‘Crooked hill’. Cornish camm + bronn.

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Cambridge Cambs. Grontabricc c.745, Cantebrigie 1086 (DB).

‘Bridge on the River Granta’.
Celtic river-name (see GRANTCHESTER) + OE brycg. The change from Grant- to Cam- is due to Norman influence. Cambridgeshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent. The later river-name Cam is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Cambridge Glos. Cambrigga 1200–10.

‘Bridge over the River Cam’.
Celtic river-name (see CAM) + OE brycg.

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Camden Town Gtr. London ,

so named in 1795 from Earl Camden (died 1794) who came into possession of the manor of Kentish Town of which this formed part.

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Camelford Cornwall . Camelford 13th cent.

‘Ford over the River Camel’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘crooked one’ from a derivative of Celtic camm) + OE ford.

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Camel, Queen & Camel, West Somerset . Cantmæl 995, Camelle 1086 (DB).

Possibly a
Celtic name from canto- b‘order or district’ and ml b‘are hill’. Affix Queen from its possession by Queen Eleanor in the 13th cent.

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Camerton B. & NE. Som. Camelartone 954, Camelertone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or estate on Cam Brook’.
Celtic river-name (earlier Cameler, probably a derivative of camm ‘crooked’) + OE tn.

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Camerton Cumbria . Camerton c.1150.

OE tn ‘farmstead, estate’ with an obscure first element.

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Cammeringham Lincs. Camelingeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Cameryngham c.1115.

Possibly ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Cfmr or Cantmr’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Campden, Broad & Campden, Chipping Glos. Campedene 1086 (DB), Bradecampedene 1224, Chepyng Campedene 1287.

‘Valley with enclosures’.
OE camp + denu. Affixes are
OE brd ‘broad’ and OE cping ‘market’.

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Campsall S. Yorks. Cansale (sic) 1086 (DB), Camshale 12th cent.

Possibly ‘nook of land of a man called Cam’.
OE pers. name + halh. Alternatively the first element may be a derivative of
Celtic camm ‘crooked’ used in some topographical sense.

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Camps, Castle & Camps, Shudy Cambs. Canpas 1086 (DB), Campecastel 13th cent., Sudekampes 1219.

‘The fields or enclosures’, from
OE camp, plural campas. The affix Castle is from a medieval castle, Shudy is probably an
OE scydd ‘shed, hovel’.

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Campsey Ash Suffolk . Campeseia 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, with a field or enclosure’.
OE camp + g. Ash was originally a separate place, mentioned as Esce in 1086 (DB), from
OE æsc ‘ash-tree’.

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Campton Beds. Chambeltone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead by a river called Camel’. Lost Celtic river-name (possibly ‘crooked one’ from a derivative of
Celtic camm) + OE tn.

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Candlesby Lincs. Calnodesbi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Cal(u)nth’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Candover, Brown & Candover, Preston Hants. Cendefer c.880, Candovre 1086 (DB), Brunkardoure 1296, Prestecandevere c.1270.

Named from the stream here, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘pleasant waters’. Distinguishing affixes are manorial, from early possession by a family called Brun and by priests
ME genitive plural prestene).

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Canewdon Essex . Carenduna (sic) 1086 (DB), Canuedon 1181.

Probably ‘hill of the family or followers of a man called Cana’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + dn.

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Canfield, Great Essex . Canefelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Cana’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Canford Magna, Little Canford Dorset. Cheneford (sic) 1086 (DB), Kaneford 1195, Lytel Canefford 1381, Greate Canford 1612.

‘Ford of a man called Cana’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Cann Dorset. Canna 12th cent.

OE canne ‘a can, a cup’, used topographically for ‘a hollow, a deep valley’.

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Cannings, All & Cannings, Bishops Wilts. Caninge 1086 (DB), Aldekanning 1205, Bisshopescanyngges 1314.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Cana’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. Affixes are
OE eald ‘old’ and biscop ‘bishop’ (referring to early possession by the Bishop of Salisbury).

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Cannington Somerset . Cantuctun c.880, Cantoctona 1086 (DB).

‘Estate or village by the QUANTOCK HILLS’.
Celtic hill-name + OE tn.

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Cannock Staffs. Chenet (sic) 1086 (DB), Canoc 12th cent.

‘The small hill, the hillock’.
OE cnocc. It gives name to Cannock Chase , from
ME chace ‘tract of land for breeding and hunting wild animals’.

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Canonbury Gtr. London . Canonesbury 1373.

‘Manor of the canons’, from
ME canoun and bury, referring to the canons of St Bartholomew's Smithfield who were granted land in Islington in the early 12th cent.

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Canon Frome Heref. & Worcs. ,

see FROME.

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Canons Ashby Northants. ,

see ASHBY.

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Canterbury Kent . Cantwaraburg c.900, Canterburie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold or fortified town of the people of KENT’.
Ancient Celtic name + OE -ware + burh.

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Cantley,

probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Canta’,
OE pers. name + lah: Cantley Norfolk . Cantelai 1086 (DB). Cantley S. Yorks. Canteleia 1086 (DB).

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Cantlop Shrops. Cantelop 1086 (DB).

OE hop ‘enclosed place’ with an obscure first element.

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Cantsfield Lancs. Cantesfelt 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land by the River Cant’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE feld.

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Canvey Essex . Caneveye 1255.

Possibly ‘island of the family or followers of a man called Cana’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + g.

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Canwick Lincs. Canewic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or dairy-farm of a man called Cana’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Capel,

a place-name found in several counties, from
ME capel ‘a chapel’: Capel Surrey . Capella 1190. Capel le Ferne Kent . Capel ate Verne 1377. The addition means ‘at the ferny place’ from
OE (ge)ferne. Capel St Andrew Suffolk . Capeles 1086 (DB). Addition from the dedication of the chapel. Capel St Mary Suffolk . Capeles 1254. Addition from the dedication of the chapel.

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Capenhurst Ches. Capeles (sic) 1086 (DB), Capenhurst 13th cent.

Probably ‘wooded hill at a look-out place’.
OE cape (genitive-an) + hyrst.

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Capernwray Lancs. Coupmanwra c.1200.

‘The merchant's nook or corner of land’.
OScand. kaup-mathr + vrá.

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Capheaton Northum. Magna Heton 1242, Cappitheton 1454.

‘High farmstead, farmstead situated on high land’.
OE hah + tn. The affix Cap- is from
Latin caput ‘head, chief’.

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Capton Devon . Capieton 1278.

Probably ‘estate of a family called Capia’.
ME surname + OE tn.

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Carbis Bay Cornwall ,

a 19th cent. village named from a farm called Carbis, recorded as Carbons 1391, from
OCornish car-bons ‘causeway’ (literally ‘cart-bridge’).

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Carbrook S. Yorks. Kerebroc 1200–18.

Probably ‘stream in the marsh’.
OScand. kjarr + OE brc. Alternatively the first element may be an old Celtic river-name.

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Carbrooke Norfolk . Cherebroc 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Carburton Notts. Carbertone 1086 (DB).

OE tn ‘farmstead, village’ with an obscure first element.

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Car Colston Notts. ,

see COLSTON.

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Carcroft S. Yorks. Kercroft 12th cent.

‘Enclosure near the marsh’.
OScand. kjarr + OE croft.

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Cardeston Shrops. Cartistune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farm or estate of a man called card’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Cardington Beds. Chernetone (sic) 1086 (DB), Kerdinton c.1190.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Cærda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Cardington Shrops. Cardintune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Card(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Cardinham Cornwall . Cardinan c.1180.

Both parts of the name mean ‘fort’,
Cornish ker + dinan.

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Cardurnock Cumbria . Cardrunnock 13th cent.

A Celtic place-name, from cair ‘fortified town’ + durng ‘pebbly’.

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Careby Lincs. Careby 1199.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Kári’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Cargo Cumbria . Cargaou c.1178.

Celtic carreg ‘rock’ + OScand. haugr ‘hill’.

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Carham Northum. Carrum c.1050.

‘(Place) by the rocks’.
OE carr in a dative plural form carrum.

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Carhampton Somerset . Carrum 9th cent., Carentone 1086 (DB).

‘Farm at the place by the rocks’.
OE carr (dative plural carrum) + tn.

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Carisbrooke I. of Wight . Caresbroc 12th cent.

Possibly ‘the brook called Cary’.
Lost Celtic river-name + OE brc.

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Cark Cumbria . Karke 1491.

Celtic carreg ‘a stone, a rock’.

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Carlby Lincs. Carlebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village of the peasants or freemen’.
OScand. karl + bý.

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Carlecotes Derbys. Carlecotes 13th cent.

‘Cottages of the freemen’.
OScand. karl + OE cot.

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Carlesmoor N. Yorks. Carlesmore 1086 (DB).

‘Moorland of the freeman or of a man called Karl’.
OScand. karl or pers. name + mór.

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Carleton,

Carlton, a common place-name in the old Danelaw areas of the Midlands and the North, usually ‘farmstead or estate of the freemen or peasants’, from
OScand. karl (often no doubt replacing OE ceorl) + OE tn; examples include: Carleton Cumbria . Karleton 1250. Carleton N. Yorks. Carlentone 1086 (DB). Carleton Forehoe Norfolk . Carletuna 1086 (DB), Karleton Fourhowe 1268. Affix from the nearby Forehoe Hills, from
OE fower ‘four’ and OScand. haugr ‘hill’. Carleton Rode Norfolk . Carletuna 1086 (DB), Carleton Rode 1201. Manorial addition from the de Rode family, here in the 14th cent. Carlton Beds. Carlentone 1086 (DB). Carlton N. Yorks., near Snaith. Carletun 1086 (DB). Carlton Notts. Karleton 1182. Carlton Colville Suffolk . Carletuna 1086 (DB), Carleton Colvile 1346. Manorial addition from the de Colevill family, here in the 13th cent. Carlton Curlieu Leics. Carletone 1086 (DB), Carleton Curly 1273. Manorial addition from the de Curly family, here in the 13th cent. Carlton Husthwaite N. Yorks. Carleton 1086 (DB), Carlton Husthwat 1516. Affix from its proximity to HUSTHWAITE. Carlton in Lindrick Notts. Carletone 1086 (DB), Carleton in Lindric 1212. Affix from the district called Lindrick, which means ‘strip of land where lime-trees grow’, from
OE lind + ric. Carlton le Moorland Lincs. Carletune 1086 (DB). Affix from its situation ‘in the moorland’. Carlton Miniott N. Yorks. Carletun 1086 (DB), Carleton Mynyott 1579. Manorial addition from the Miniott family, here in the 14th cent. Carlton on Trent Notts. Carletune 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see TRENTHAM. Carlton Scroop Lincs. Carletune 1086 (DB). Manorial addition from the Scrope family, here in the 14th cent.

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Carlingcott B. & NE. Som. Credelincote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage associated with a man called Cridela’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cot.

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Carlisle Cumbria . Luguvalio 4th cent., Carleol c.1106.

An old Celtic name meaning ‘(place) belonging to a man called Luguvalos’, to which Celtic cair ‘fortified town’ was added after the Roman period.

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Carlton,

see CARLETON.

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Carnaby E. R. Yorks. Cherendebi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or village of a man called Kærandi or Keyrandi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Carnforth Lancs. Chreneforde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran + ford.

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Carperby N. Yorks. Chirprebi.

Possibly ‘homestead or village of a man called Cairpre’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Carrington Gtr. Manch. Carrintona 12th cent.

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Cra’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE caring ‘tending, herding’ or an OE cring ‘river-bend’.

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Carrington Lincs.

First recorded in 1812, and named after Robert Smith, Lord Carrington (1752–1838), who had lands here.

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Carrock, Castle Cumbria . Castelcairoc c.1165.

‘Fortified castle’.
Celtic castel + a derivative of Celtic cair ‘fort’.

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Carshalton Gtr. London . Aultone 1086 (DB), Cresaulton 1235.

‘Farm by the river-spring where watercress grows’.
OE wiell + tn with the later addition of OE cærse.

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Carsington Derbys. Ghersintune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead where cress grows’.
OE cærsen + tn.

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Carswell Marsh Oxon. Chersvelle 1086 (DB), Carsewell Merssh 1467.

‘(Marsh at) the spring or stream where watercress grows’.
OE cærse + wella with the later addition of OE mersc.

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Carterton Oxon. ,

a recent name for the village founded by one William Carter in 1901.

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Carthorpe N. Yorks. Caretorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Kári’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Cartington Northum. Cretenden 1220.

Probably ‘hill associated with a man called Certa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + dn.

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Cartmel Cumbria . C(e)artmel 12th cent.

‘Sandbank by rough stony ground’.
OScand. kartr + melr.

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Cary Fitzpaine & Castle Cary Somerset . Cari 1086 (DB), Castelkary 1237.

Named from the River Cary, an ancient Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name. Distinguishing affixes from the Fitz Payn family, here in the 13th cent., and from
ME castel with reference to the Norman castle.

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Cassington Oxon. Cersetone 1086 (DB), Kersinton 12th cent.

‘Farmstead where cress grows’.
OE cærsen + tn.

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Cassop Durham . Cazehope 1183.

Possibly ‘valley or enclosure frequented by wild-cats’.
OE catt + hop.

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Casterton,

‘farmstead near the (Roman) fort’,
OE cæster + tn: Casterton Cumbria . Castretune 1086 (DB). Casterton, Great & Casterton, Little Rutland. Castretone 1086 (DB).

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Castle

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Castle Bolton (N. Yorks ) see BOLTON.

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Castleford W. Yorks. Ceaster forda late 11th cent.

‘Ford by the Roman fort’.
OE cæster + ford.

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Castlemorton Heref. & Worcs. Mortun 1235, Castell Morton 1346.

‘Farmstead in the marshy ground’.
OE mr + tn, with the later addition of castel ‘castle’.

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Castleton,

‘farmstead or village by a castle’, from
OE castel + tn: Castleton Derbys. Castelton 13th cent. Castleton Gtr. Manch. Castelton 1246. Castleton N. Yorks. Castleton 1577.

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Castley N. Yorks. Castelai 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing by a heap of stones’.
OE ceastel + lah.

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Caston Norfolk . Catestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or estate of a man called Catt or Káti’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Castor Cambs. Cæstre 948, Castre 1086 (DB).

‘The Roman fort’.
OE cæster.

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Catcleugh Northum. Cattechlow 1279.

‘Deep valley or ravine frequented by wild-cats’.
OE catt + clh.

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Catcott Somerset . Cadicote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage of a man called Cada’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Caterham Surrey . Catheham 1179.

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure at the hill called Cadeir’, from
Celtic cadeir (literally ‘chair’ but used of lofty places) + OE hm or hamm. Alternatively ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Catta’, with an
OE pers. name as first element.

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Catesby Northants. Catesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Kátr or Káti’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Catfield Norfolk . Catefelda 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘open land frequented by wild-cats’,
OE catt + feld. Alternatively ‘open land of a man called Káti’, from an
OScand. pers. name.

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Catford Gtr. London . Catford 1254.

‘Ford frequented by wild-cats’.
OE catt + ford.

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Catforth Lancs. Catford 1332.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Catherington Hants. Cateringatune (sic) c.1015.

Possibly ‘farmstead of the people living by the hill called Cadeir’, from
Celtic cadeir ‘chair’ + -inga- + tn. Alternatively ‘farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Cat(t)or’, from
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Catherston Leweston Dorset. Chartreston 1268, Lesterton 1316.

Originally names of adjacent estates belonging to families called Charteray and Lester respectively, from
OE tn.

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Catherton Shrops. Carderton 1316.

OE tn ‘farmstead, village’ with an obscure first element.

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Catmore Berks. Catmere 10th cent., 1086 (DB).

‘Pool frequented by wild-cats’.
OE catt + mere.

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Catmose, Vale of (district) Rutland. The Val of Catmouse 1576.

‘Bog or marsh frequented by wild-cats’.
OE catt + mos, with ME vale ‘valley’.

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Caton Lancs. Catun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Káti’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Catsfield E. Sussex. Cedesfeld (sic) 1086 (DB), Cattesfeld 12th cent.

‘Open land of a man called Catt or frequented by wild-cats’.
OE pers. name or OE catt + feld.

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Catshill Heref. & Worcs. Catteshull 1199.

‘Hill of a man called Catt or frequented by wild-cats’.
OE pers. name or OE catt + hyll.

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Cattal N. Yorks. Catale 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘nook of land frequented by wild-cats’.
OE catt + halh.

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Cattawade Suffolk . Cattiwad 1247.

‘Ford or crossing-place frequented by wild- cats’.
OE catt + (ge)wæd.

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Catterall Lancs. Catrehala 1086 (DB).

Possibly
OScand. kattar-hali ‘cat's tail’ with reference to the shape of some lost feature. Alternatively
OE halh ‘nook of land’ with an obscure first element.

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Catterick N. Yorks. Katouraktónion c.150, Catrice 1086 (DB).

From
Latin cataracta ‘waterfall’, though apparently through a misunderstanding of the original Celtic place-name meaning ‘(place of) battle ramparts’.

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Catterlen Cumbria . Kaderleng 1158.

Celtic cadeir ‘chair’ (here ‘hill’) with an obscure second element, possibly a pers. name.

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Catterton N. Yorks. Cadretune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead at the hill called Cadeir’.
Celtic cadeir ‘chair’ + OE tn.

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Catthorpe Leics. Torp 1086 (DB), Torpkat 1276.

OScand. thorp ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet’, with a manorial addition from a family called le Cat(t).

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Cattishall Suffolk . Catteshale 1187.

Probably ‘nook of land of a man called Catt or frequented by wild-cats’.
OE pers. name or OE catt + halh.

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Cattistock Dorset. Stoche 1086 (DB), Cattestok 1288.

OE stoc ‘outlying farm buildings, secondary settlement’, with a manorial addition from a person or family called Cat(t).

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Catton,

usually ‘farmstead of a man called Catta or Káti’,
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Catton Norfolk . Catetuna 1086 (DB). Catton N. Yorks. Catune 1086 (DB). Catton, High & Low E. R. Yorks. Caton, Cattune 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Catton Northum. Catteden 1229. ‘Valley frequented by wild-cats’.
OE catt + denu.

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Catwick E. R. Yorks. Catingeuuic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm associated with a man called Catta’.
OE pers. name (+ -ing-) + wc.

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Catworth Cambs. Catteswyrth 10th cent., Cateuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Catt or Catta’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Caulcott Oxon. Caldecot 1199.

Identical in origin with CALDECOTE.

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Cauldon Staffs. Celfdun 1002, Caldone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where calves graze’.
OE cælf + dn.

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Cauldwell Derbys. Caldewællen 942, Caldewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Cold spring or stream’.
OE cald + wella.

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Caundle, Bishop's & Purse Dorset. Candel 1086 (DB), Purscaundel 1241, Caundel Bishops 1294.

The meaning of Caundle is obscure, though it may have been a name for the chain of hills here. The affix Bishop's is from the possession of this manor by the Bishop of Salisbury, Purse is probably a manorial addition from a family of this name.

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Caunton Notts. Calnestune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Cal(u)nth’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Causey Park Northum. La Chauce 1242.

ME cauce ‘embankment, raised way’.

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Cave, North & South E. R. Yorks. Cave 1086 (DB).

Probably from the stream here, ‘the fast flowing one’, from
OE cf ‘quick’.

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Cavendish Suffolk . Kauanadisc 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure or enclosed park of a man called Cfna’.
OE pers. name + edisc.

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Cavenham Suffolk . Kanauaham (sic) 1086 (DB), Cauenham 1198.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Cfna’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Caversfield Oxon. Cavrefelle 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Cfhere’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Caversham Oxon. Caueresham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Cfhere’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Caverswall Staffs. Cavreswelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Cfhere’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Cavil E. R. Yorks. Cafeld 959, Cheuede 1086 (DB).

‘Open land frequented by jackdaws’.
OE c + feld.

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Cawkwell Lincs. Calchewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Chalk spring or stream’.
OE calc + wella.

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Cawood N. Yorks. Kawuda 963.

‘Wood frequented by jackdaws’.
OE c + wudu.

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Cawston,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Kalfr’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Cawston Norfolk . Cau(p)stuna 1086 (DB). Cawston Warwicks. Calvestone 1086 (DB).

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Cawthorne S. Yorks. Caltorne 1086 (DB).

‘Cold (i.e. exposed) thorn-tree’.
OE cald + thorn.

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Cawthorpe,

‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Kali’,
OScand. pers. name + thorp: Cawthorpe Lincs. Caletorp 1086 (DB). Cawthorpe, Little Lincs. Calthorp 1241.

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Cawton N. Yorks. Caluetun 1086 (DB).

‘Farm where calves are reared’.
OE calf + tn.

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Caxton Cambs. Caustone (sic) 1086 (DB), Kakestune c.1150.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Kakkr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Caynham Shrops . Caiham 1086 (DB), Cainham 1255.

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Cga’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Caythorpe,

‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Káti’,
OScand. pers. name + thorp: Caythorpe Lincs. Catorp 1086 (DB). Caythorpe Notts. Cathorp 1177.

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Cayton N. Yorks. Caitun(e) 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Cga’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Cerne Abbas Dorset. Cernel 1086 (DB), Cerne Abbatis 1288.

Named from the River Cerne, an old Celtic river-name from Celtic carn ‘cairn, heap of stones’. Affix is
Latin abbas ‘an abbot’, with reference to the abbey here.

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Cerne, Nether & Up Dorset. Nudernecerna 1206, Obcerne 1086 (DB).

Named from the same river as Cerne Abbas.
OE neotherra ‘lower down’ and OE upp ‘higher up’ with reference to their situation on the river.

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Cerney, North & South, Cerney Wick Glos. Cyrnea 852, Cernei 1086 (DB), Northcerneye 1291, Suthcerney 1285, Cernewike 1220.

Named from the River Churn (an old Celtic river-name derived from the same root as the first element of CIRENCESTER) +
OE a ‘stream’. Wick is from
OE wc ‘farm, dairy farm’.

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Chaceley Glos. Ceatewesleah 972.

Possibly a derivative of
Celtic cd ‘wood’ + OE lah ‘wood, clearing’.

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Chackmore Bucks. Chakemore 1241.

Possibly ‘marshy ground of a man called Ceacca’.
OE pers. name + mr. Alternatively the first element may be
OE ceacce ‘hill’.

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Chacombe Northants. Cewecumbe 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Ceawa’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Chadderton Gtr. Manch. Chaderton c.1200.

Possibly ‘farmstead at the hill called Cadeir’.
Celtic cadeir ‘chair’ (here ‘hill’) + OE tn.

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Chaddesden Derbys. Cedesdene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Ceadd’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Chaddesley Corbett Heref. & Worcs. Ceadresleahge 816, Cedeslai 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘wood or clearing at the hill called Cadeir’.
Celtic cadeir ‘chair’ + OE lah, with manorial addition from the Corbet family here in the 12th cent.

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Chaddleworth Berks. Ceadelanwyrth 960, Cedeledorde (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Ceadela’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Chadlington Oxon. Cedelintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ceadela’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Chadshunt Warwicks. Ceadeles funtan 949, Cedeleshunte 1086 (DB).

‘Spring of a man called Ceadel’.
OE pers. name + funta.

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Chadwell,

‘cold spring or stream’,
OE c(e)ald + wella: Chadwell Leics. Caldeuuelle 1086 (DB). Chadwell St Mary Essex . Celdeuuella 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Chadwick Green Mersey. Chaddewyk c.1180.

‘(Dairy) farm of a man called Ceadda’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Chaffcombe Somerset . Caffecome 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of a man called Ceaffa’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Chagford Devon . Chageford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where broom or gorse grows’.
OE ceacga + ford.

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Chailey E. Sussex. Cheagele 11th cent.

‘Clearing where broom or gorse grows’.
OE ceacga + lah.

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Chalbury Dorset. Cheoles burge 946.

‘Fortified place associated with a man called Col’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Chaldon,

‘hill where calves graze’,
OE cealf + dn: Chaldon Surrey . Calvedone 1086 (DB). Chaldon Herring or East Chaldon Dorset. Celvedune 1086 (DB), Chaluedon Hareng 1243. Manorial affix from the Harang family, here from the 12th cent.

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Chale I. of Wight . Cela 1086 (DB).

OE ceole ‘throat’ used in a topographical sense ‘gorge, ravine’.

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Chalfont St Giles & St Peter Bucks. Celfunte 1086 (DB), Chalfund Sancti Egidii 1237, Chalfhunte Sancti Petri 1237–40.

‘Spring frequented by calves’.
OE cealf + funta, with distinguishing affixes from the dedications of the churches at the two places.

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Chalford,

‘chalk or limestone ford’,
OE cealc + ford: Chalford Glos. Chalforde c.1250. Chalford Oxon. Chalcford 1185–6.

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Chalgrave Beds. Cealhgræfan 926, Celgraue 1086 (DB).

‘Chalk pit’.
OE cealc + græf.

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Chalgrove Oxon. Celgrave 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Chalk, Chalke,

‘(place on) the chalk’,
OE cealc: Chalk Kent . Cealca 10th cent., Celca 1086 (DB). Chalke, Broad & Bowerchalke Wilts. Ceolcum 955, Chelche 1086 (DB), Brode Chalk 1380, Burchelke 1225. Distinguishing affixes are
OE brd ‘great’ and (ge)bra ‘of the peasants’ or burh ‘fortified place’.

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Chalk Farm Gtr. London . Chaldecote 1253.

‘Cold cottage(s)’.
OE ceald + cot. The ‘worn-down’ form Chalk first appears 1746.

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Challacombe Devon, near Lynton. Celdecomba 1086 (DB).

‘Cold valley’.
OE ceald + cumb.

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Challock Lees Kent . Cealfalocum 824.

‘Enclosure(s) for calves’.
OE cealf + loca, with the later addition of ls ‘pasture’.

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Challow, East & West Oxon. Ceawanhlæwe 947, Ceveslane (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Tumulus of a man called Ceawa’.
OE pers. name + hlw, hlw.

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Chalton Beds., near Toddington. Chaltun 1131.

‘Farm where calves are reared’.
OE cealf + tn.

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Chalton Hants. Cealctun 1015, Ceptune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on chalk’.
OE cealc + tn.

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Chalvington E. Sussex. Calvintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Cealf(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Chandler's Ford Hants. , on record from 1759,

named from the Chaundler family, in the area from the 14th cent.

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Chapel

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Chapel Allerton (W. Yorks. ) see ALLERTON.

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Chapel en le Frith Derbys. Capella de le Frith 1272.

‘Chapel in the sparse woodland’.
ME chapele + OE fyrhth, with retention of
OFrench preposition and definite article.

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Chapeltown S. Yorks. Le Chapel 13th cent., Chappeltown 1707.

‘(Hamlet by) the chapel’.
ME chapel.

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Chapmanslade Wilts. Chepmanesled 1245.

‘Valley of the merchants’.
OE ceap-mann + slæd.

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Chard, South Chard Somerset . Cerdren 1065, Cerdre 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘house or building in rough ground’.
OE ceart + ærn.

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Chardstock Devon . Cerdestoche 1086 (DB).

‘Secondary settlement belonging to CHARD’.
OE stoc.

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Charfield S. Glos. Cirvelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land by a bending road, or with a rough surface’.
OE cearr(e) or ceart + feld.

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Charford, North Hants. Cerdicesford late 9th cent., Cerdeford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford associated with the chieftain called Cerdic’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Charing Kent . Ciorrincg 799, Cheringes 1086 (DB).

Probably
OE cerring ‘a bend in a road’. Alternatively ‘place associated with a man called Ceorra’,
OE pers. name + -ing.

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Charing Cross Gtr. London . Cyrring c.1000, La Charryngcros 1360.

From
OE cerring (see previous name), with reference either to a bend in the Roman road to the West or in the River Thames. There was a ‘Queen Eleanor cross’ here in the 14th cent., see WALTHAM CROSS.

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Charingworth Glos. Chevringavrde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Ceafor’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + worth.

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Charlbury Oxon. Ceorlingburh c.1000.

‘Fortified place associated with a man called Ceorl’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + burh (dative byrig).

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Charlcombe B. & NE. Som. Cerlecume 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of the freemen or peasants’.
OE ceorl + cumb.

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Charlecote Warwicks. Cerlecote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) of the freemen or peasants’.
OE ceorl + cot.

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Charles Devon . Carmes (sic) 1086 (DB), Charles 1244.

Possibly ‘rock-court’.
Cornish carn + lys.

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Charlestown Cornwall ,

first so recorded from 1800, a small china-clay port named after its sponsor Charles Rashleigh, a local industrialist.

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Charlesworth Derbys. Cheuenwrde (sic) 1086 (DB), Chauelisworth 1286.

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Ceafl’,
OE pers. name + worth. Alternatively the first element may be
OE ceafl ‘jaw’ here used in the sense ‘ravine’.

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Charleton Devon . Cherletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the freemen or peasants’.
OE ceorl + tn.

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Charlinch Somerset . Cerdeslinc 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ridge of a man called Colrd’.
OE pers. name + hlinc.

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Charlton,

a common place-name, usually ‘farmstead of the freemen or peasants’, from
OE ceorl (genitive plural -a) + tn; examples include: Charlton Gtr. London . Cerletone 1086 (DB). Charlton Hants. Cherleton 1192. Charlton Wilts., near Malmesbury. Ceorlatunæ 10th cent., Cerletone 1086 (DB). Charlton Abbots Glos. Cerletone 1086 (DB), Charleton Abbatis 1535. Affix from its possession by Winchcomb Abbey. Charlton Adam Somerset . Cerletune 1086 (DB), Cherleton Adam 13th cent. Manorial addition from the fitz Adam family, here in the 13th cent. Charlton Horethorne Somerset . Ceorlatun c.950. Affix from the old Hundred of Horethorne, meaning ‘grey thorn-bush’ from
OE hr + thyrne. Charlton Kings Glos. Cherletone 1160, Kynges Cherleton 1245. Affix ‘Kings’ because it was ancient demesne of the Crown. Charlton Mackerell Somerset . Cerletune 1086 (DB), Cherletun Makerel 1243. Manorial affix from the Makerel family. Charlton Marshall Dorset. Cerletone 1086 (DB), Cherleton Marescal 1288. Manorial addition from the Marshall family, here in the 13th cent. Charlton Musgrove Somerset . Cerletone 1086 (DB), Cherleton Mucegros 1225. Manorial addition from the Mucegros family, here in the 13th cent. Charlton, North & South Northum. Charleton del North, Charleton del Suth 1242. Charlton on Otmoor Oxon. Cerlentone 1086 (DB), Cherleton upon Ottemour 1314. Affix from nearby Ot Moor, ‘marshy ground of a man called Otta’, from
OE pers. name + mr. Charlton, Queen B. & NE. Som. Cherleton 1291. Affix because given to Queen Catherine Parr by Henry VIII.
However the following has a different origin: Charlton Surrey . Cerdentone 1086 (DB). Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Colrd’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Charlwood Surrey . Cherlewde 12th cent.

‘Wood of the freemen or peasants’.
OE ceorl + wudu.

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Charminster Dorset. Cerminstre 1086 (DB).

‘Church on the River Cerne’.
Celtic river-name (see CERNE) + OE mynster.

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Charmouth Dorset. Cernemude 1086 (DB).

‘Mouth of the River Char’.
Celtic river-name (identical in origin with CERNE) + OE mtha.

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Charndon Bucks. Credendone (sic) 1086 (DB), Charendone 1227.

Probably ‘hill called Carn’.
Celtic hill-name (from carn ‘cairn, heap of stones’) + OE dn.

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Charney Bassett Oxon. Ceornei 821, Cernei 1086 (DB).

‘Island on a river called Cern’.
Lost Celtic river-name (identical in origin with CERNE) + OE g, with manorial addition from a family called Bass(es).

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Charnock Richard Lancs. Chernoch 1194, Chernok Richard 1288.

Possibly a derivative of
Celtic carn ‘cairn, heap of stones’ + manorial addition from a certain Richard here in the 13th cent.

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Charnwood Forest Leics. Cernewoda 1129.

‘Wood in rocky country’.
Celtic carn + OE wudu.

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Charsfield Suffolk . Ceresfelda 1086 (DB).

OE feld ‘tract of open country’, possibly with a Celtic river-name Char as first element.

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Chart, Great & Little Kent . Cert 762, Certh, Litelcert 1086 (DB), Magna Chert 13th cent.

OE cert ‘rough ground’.

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Charterhouse Somerset . Chartuse 1243.

OFrench chartrouse ‘a house of Carthusian monks’.

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Chartham Kent . Certham c.871, Certeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead in rough ground’.
OE cert + hm.

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Chartridge Bucks. Charderuge 1191–4.

Possibly ‘ridge of a man called Cærda’.
OE pers. name + hrycg.

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Chart Sutton Kent . Cært 814, Certh 1086 (DB), Chert juxta Suthon 1280.

OE cert ‘rough ground’. Affix from nearby SUTTON VALENCE.

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Charwelton Northants. Cerweltone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Cherwell’. River-name (probably ‘winding stream’ from
OE cearr(e) + wella) + OE tn.

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Chastleton Oxon. Ceastelton 777, Cestitone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the ruined prehistoric camp’.
OE ceastel + tn.

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Chatburn Lancs. Chatteburn 1242.

‘Stream of a man called Ceatta’.
OE pers. name + burna.

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Chatcull Staffs. Ceteruille (sic) 1086 (DB), Chatculne 1199.

‘Kiln of a man called Ceatta’.
OE pers. name + cyln.

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Chatham,

‘homestead or village in or by the wood’,
Celtic cd + OE hm: Chatham Kent . Cetham 880, Ceteham 1086 (DB). Chatham Green Essex . Cetham 1086 (DB).

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Chatsworth Derbys. Chetesuorde 1086 (DB), Chattesworth 1276.

‘Enclosed settlement of a man called Ceatt’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Chattenden Kent . Chatendune c.1100.

Possibly ‘hill of a man called Ceatta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Chatteris Cambs. Cæateric 974, Cietriz 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘raised strip or ridge of a man called Ceatta’.
OE pers. name + ric. However the first element may be
Celtic cd ‘wood’.

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Chattisham Suffolk . Cetessam 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Ceatt’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Chatton Northum. Chetton 1178.

‘Farmstead of a man called Ceatta’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Chatwell, Great Staffs. Chattewell 1203.

‘Well or spring of a man called Ceatta’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Chawleigh Devon . Calvelie 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing where calves are pastured’.
OE cealf + lah.

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Chawston Beds. Calnestorne (sic) 1086 (DB), Caluesterne 1167.

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Cealf’.
OE pers. name + thyrne.

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Chawton Hants. Celtone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where calves are reared’, or ‘farmstead on chalk’.
OE cealf or cealc + tn.

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Cheadle,

from
Celtic cd ‘wood’ to which an explanatory
OE lah ‘wood’ has been added: Cheadle Gtr. Manch. Cedde 1086 (DB), Chedle c.1165. Cheadle Staffs. Celle 1086 (DB).

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Cheadle Hulme Gtr. Manch. Hulm 12th cent.

‘Water-meadow belonging to CHEADLE’.
OScand. holmr.

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Cheam Gtr. London . Cegham 967, Ceiham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village by the tree-stumps’.
OE ceg + hm.

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Chearsley Bucks. Cerdeslai 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing of a man called Colrd’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Chebsey Staffs. Cebbesio 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Cebbi’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Checkendon Oxon. Cecadene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Ceacca’, or ‘valley by the hill’.
OE pers. name or OE ceacce (genitive -an) + denu.

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Checkley Ches. Chackileg 1252.

‘Wood or clearing of a man called Ceaddica’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Checkley Heref. & Worcs. Chakkeleya 1195.

‘Wood or clearing of a man called Ceacca’, or ‘wood or clearing on or near a hill’.
OE pers. name or OE ceacce + lah.

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Checkley Staffs. Cedla (sic) 1086 (DB), Checkeleg 1196.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Chedburgh Suffolk . Cedeberia 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Cedda’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Cheddar Somerset . Ceodre c.880, Cedre 1086 (DB).

Probably OE codor ‘ravine’, with reference to Cheddar Gorge.

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Cheddington Bucks. Cete(n)done 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Cetta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Cheddleton Staffs. Celtetone 1086 (DB), Chetilton 1201.

‘Farmstead in a valley’.
OE cetel + tn.

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Cheddon Fitzpaine Somerset . Succedene (sic) 1086 (DB), Chedene 1182.

OE denu ‘valley’, possibly with Celtic cd ‘wood’. Manorial addition from the Fitzpaine family, here in the 13th cent.

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Chedgrave Norfolk . Scatagraua 1086 (DB), Chategrave 1165–70.

Probably ‘pit of a man called Ceatta’.
OE pers. name + græf. The river-name Chet is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Chedington Dorset. Chedinton 1194.

‘Estate associated with a man called Cedd or Cedda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Chediston Suffolk . Cedestan 1086 (DB).

‘Stone of a man called Cedd’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Chedworth Glos. Ceddanwryde (sic) 862, Cedeorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Cedda’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Chedzoy Somerset . Chedesie 729.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Cedd’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Cheetham Gtr. Manch. Cheteham late 12th cent.

‘Homestead or village by the wood called Chet’.
Celtic cd ‘forest’ + OE hm.

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Cheetwood Gtr. Manch. Chetewode 1489.

Near CHEETHAM; an explanatory wudu ‘wood’ has been added to the same first element.

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Chelborough Dorset. Celberge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + beorg. Alternatively the first element may be
OE ceole ‘throat, gorge’ or cealc ‘chalk’.

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Cheldon Barton Devon . Chadeledona 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Ceadela’.
OE pers. name + dn. Barton is from
OE bere-tn ‘barley-farm, demesne farm’.

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Chelford Ches. Celeford 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + ford. Alternatively the first element could be
OE ceole ‘throat’, used in a topographical sense ‘channel, gorge’.

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Chellaston Derbys. Celerdestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Colheard’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Chell Heath Staffs. Chelle 1227.

Probably ‘wood of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Chellington Beds. Chelewentone 1219.

‘Farmstead of a woman called Colwynn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Chelmarsh Shrops. Celmeres 1086 (DB).

‘Marsh marked out with posts or poles’.
OE cegel + mersc.

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Chelmondiston Suffolk . Chelmundeston 1174.

‘Farmstead of a man called Colmund’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Chelmorton Derbys. Chelmerdon(e) 12th cent.

Probably ‘hill of a man called Colmr’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Chelmsford Essex . Celmeresfort 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Colmr’.
OE pers. name + ford. The river-name Chelmer is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Chelsea Gtr. London . Celchyth 789, Chelchede 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘landing-place for chalk or limestone’.
OE cealc + hth. Alternatively the first element may be
OE cælic ‘cup, chalice’ used in some topographical sense.

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Chelsfield Gtr. London . Cillesfelle 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Col’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Chelsworth Suffolk . Ceorleswyrthe 962, Cerleswrda 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of the freeman or of a man called Ceorl’.
OE ceorl or OE pers. name + worth.

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Cheltenham Glos. Celtanhomme 803, Chinteneham (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure or river-meadow by a hill-slope called Celte’.
OE or pre-English hill-name + hamm. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE pers. name Celta. The river-name Chelt is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Chelveston Northants. Celuestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Colwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Chelvey N. Som. Calviche 1086 (DB).

‘Farm where calves are reared’.
OE cealf + wc.

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Chelwood B. & NE. Som. Celeworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Chenies Bucks. Isenhamstede 12th cent., Ysenamstud Cheyne 13th cent.

Probably ‘homestead of a man called sa’.
OE pers. name + hm-stede + manorial addition (which is now used alone) from the Cheyne family, here in the 13th cent. Alternatively the first element may be an old river-name.

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Cherhill Wilts. Ciriel 1155.

Possibly Celtic ial ‘fertile upland’ with a Celtic river-name as first element.

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Cherington,

probably ‘village with a church’,
OE cirice + tn: Cherington Glos. Cerintone 1086 (DB). Cherington Warwicks. Chiriton 1199.

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Cheriton,

‘village with a church’,
OE cirice + tn: Cheriton Devon . Ciretone 1086 (DB). Cheriton Hants. Cherinton 1167. Cheriton, North & South Somerset . Ciretona, Cherintone 1086 (DB). Cheriton Bishop Devon . Ceritone 1086 (DB), Bishops Churyton 1370. Affix from the Bishop of Exeter, granted land here in the 13th cent. Cheriton Fitzpaine Devon . Cerintone 1086 (DB), Cheriton Fitz Payn 1335. Manorial addition from the Fitzpayn family, here in the 13th cent.

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Cherrington Shrops. Cerlintone 1086 (DB), Cherington 1230.

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Ceorra’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.Alternatively ‘settlement by a river-bend’, from
OE cerring + tn.

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Cherry Burton E. R. Yorks. ,

see BURTON.

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Cherry Hinton Cambs. ,

see HINTON.

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Cherry Willingham Lincs.,

see WILLINGHAM.

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Chertsey Surrey . Cerotaesei 731, Certesy 1086 (DB).

‘Island of a man called Cerot’.
Celtic pers. name + OE g.

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Cherwell (river) Northants.–Oxon. ,

see CHARWELTON.

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Cheselbourne Dorset. Chiselburne 869, Ceseburne 1086 (DB).

‘Gravel stream’.
OE cisel + burna.

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Chesham, Chesham Bois Bucks. Cæstæleshamme 1012, Cestreham 1086 (DB), Chesham Boys 1339.

‘River-meadow by a heap of stones’.
OE ceastel + hamm, with manorial affix from the de Bois family, here in the 13th cent. The river-name Chess is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Cheshire (the county ). Cestre Scire 1086 (DB).

‘Province of the city of CHESTER’.
OE scr ‘district’.

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Cheshunt Herts. Cestrehunt 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘spring by the old (Roman) fort’.
OE ceaster + funta.

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Chesil Beach Dorset. Chisille bank c.1540.

From
OE cisel ‘shingle’. It gives name to the village of Chesil , Chesill 1608.

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Cheslyn Hay Staffs. Haya de Chistlin 1236.

Probably ‘coffin ridge’, i.e. ‘ridge where a coffin was found’.
OE cest + hlinc, with hæg ‘enclosure’.

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Chessington Gtr. London . Cisendone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Cissa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Chester Ches. Deoua c.150, Legacæstir 735, Cestre 1086 (DB).

OE ceaster ‘Roman town or city’. Originally called Deoua from its situation on the River DEE, later Legacæstir meaning ‘city of the legions’.

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Chesterblade Somerset . Cesterbled 1065.

OE ceaster ‘old fortification’, possibly with
OE blæd ‘blade’ in a topographical sense ‘ledge’.

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Chesterfield Derbys. Cesterfelda 955, Cestrefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land near a Roman fort or settlement’.
OE ceaster + feld.

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Chesterford, Great & Little Essex . Ceasterford 1004, Cestreforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by a Roman fort’.
OE ceaster + ford.

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Chester le Street Durham . Cestra c.1160, Cestria in Strata 1400.

‘Roman fort on the Roman road’.
OE ceaster + strt (Latin strata). The French definite article le remains after loss of the preposition.

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Chesterton,

‘farmstead or village by a Roman fort or town’,
OE ceaster + tn: Chesterton Cambs. Cestretone 1086 (DB). Chesterton Oxon. Cestertune 1005, Cestretone 1086 (DB). Chesterton Staffs. Cestreton 1214. Chesterton Warwicks. Cestretune 1043, Cestretone 1086 (DB).

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Cheswardine Shrops. Ciseworde 1086 (DB), Chesewordin 1160.

Probably ‘enclosed settlement where cheese is made’.
OE cse + worthign.

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Cheswick Northum. Chesewic 1208–10.

‘Farm where cheese is made’.
OE cse + wc.

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Chetnole Dorset. Chetenoll 1242.

‘Hill-top or hillock of a man called Ceatta’.
OE pers. name + cnoll.

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Chettiscombe Devon . Chetelescome 1086 (DB).

Probably
OE cetel ‘deep valley’ + explanatory OE cumb ‘valley’.

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Chettisham Cambs. Chetesham c.1170.

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Ceatt’.
OE pers. name + hamm. Alternatively the first element may be
Celtic cd ‘wood’.

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Chettle Dorset. Ceotel 1086 (DB).

Probably
OE ceotol ‘deep valley’.

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Chetton Shrops. Catinton 1086 (DB), Chetintone 1210–12.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Ceatta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Chetwode Bucks. Cetwuda 949, Ceteode 1086 (DB).

Celtic cd ‘wood’ to which has been added an explanatory
OE wudu ‘wood’.

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Chetwynd Shrops. Catewinde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘winding ascent of a man called Ceatta’.
OE pers. name + (ge)wind.

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Chetwynd Aston Shrops.

see ASTON.

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Cheveley Cambs. Cæafle c.1000, Chauelai 1086 (DB).

‘Wood full of fallen twigs’.
OE ceaf + lah.

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Chevening Kent . Chivening 1199.

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the dwellers at the ridge’.
Celtic cen + OE -ingas.

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Cheverell, Great & Little Wilts. Chevrel 1086 (DB).

An unexplained name, obscure in origin and meaning.

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Chevington, West Northum. Chiuingtona 1236.

‘Estate associated with a man called Cifa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Cheviot (Hills) Northum. Chiuiet 1181.

A pre-English name of unknown origin and meaning.

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Chevithorne Devon . Cheuetorna 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Ceofa’.
OE pers. name + thorn.

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Chew Magna B. & NE. Som. Ciw 1065, Chiwe 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Chew, which is a Celtic river-name, with affix from
Latin magna ‘great’.

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Chew Stoke B. & NE. Som. Stoche 1086 (DB).

‘Secondary settlement belonging to CHEW’, from
OE stoc.

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Chewton Mendip Somerset . Ciwtun c.880, Ciwetune 1086 (DB), Cheuton by Menedep 1313.

‘Estate on the River Chew’.
Celtic river-name (see CHEW) + OE tn + affix from the MENDIP HILLS.

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Chicheley Bucks. Cicelai 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing of a man called Cicca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Chichester W. Sussex . Cisseceastre 895, Cicestre 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘Roman town of a chieftain called Cissa’,
OE pers. name + ceaster. Alternatively the first element could be an
OE word cisse (genitive -an) ‘a gravelly feature’.

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Chickerell Dorset. Cicherelle 1086 (DB).

This name remains obscure in origin and meaning.

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Chicklade Wilts. Cytlid c.912.

Possibly ‘gate or slope by the wood’.
Celtic cd + OE hlid or hlid.

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Chidden Hants. Cittandene 956.

‘Valley of a man called Citta’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Chiddingfold Surrey . Chedelingefelt (sic) 1130, Chidingefaud 12th cent.

Possibly ‘fold of the family or followers of a man called Cid(d)el or Cid(d)a’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + fald.

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Chiddingly E. Sussex. Cetelingei (sic) 1086 (DB), Chitingeleghe c.1230.

Probably ‘wood or clearing of the family or followers of a man called Citta’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Chiddingstone Kent . Cidingstane c.1110.

Possibly ‘stone associated with a man called Cidd or Cidda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + stn.

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Chideock Dorset. Cidihoc 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded place’, from a derivative of
Celtic cd ‘wood’. The river-name Chid is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Chidham W. Sussex . Chedeham 1193.

Probably ‘homestead or peninsula near the bay’.
OE cod(e) + hm or hamm.

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Chieveley Berks. Cifanlea 951, Civelei 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing of a man called Cifa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Chignall St James & Chignall Smealy Essex . Cingehala 1086 (DB), Chikenhale Iacob 1254, Chigehale Smetheleye 1279.

Probably ‘nook of land of a man called Cicca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh. Affixes from the dedication of the church to St James (
Latin Jacobus), and from a nearby place meaning ‘smooth clearing’ from
OE smthe + lah.

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Chigwell Essex . Cingheuuella 1086 (DB), Chiggewell 1187.

Possibly ‘spring or stream of a man called Cicca’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Chilbolton Hants. Ceolboldingtun 909, Cilbode(n)tune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Colbeald’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Chilcombe Dorset. Ciltecombe 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘valley at a hill-slope called Cilte’.
OE or pre-English hill-name + OE cumb.

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Chilcompton Somerset . Comtuna 1086 (DB), Childecumpton 1227.

‘Valley farmstead (or village) of the young men’.
OE cild + cumb + tn.

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Chilcote Leics. Cildecote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) of the young men’.
OE cild + cot.

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Childer Thornton Ches. ,

see THORNTON.

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Child Okeford Dorset,

see OKEFORD.

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Childrey Oxon. Cillarithe 950, Celrea 1086 (DB).

Named from Childrey Brook which probably means ‘stream of a man called Cilla or of a woman called Cille’.
OE pers. name + rth. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE cille ‘a spring’.

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Child's Ercall Shrops. ,

see ERCALL.

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Childswickham Heref. & Worcs. Childeswicwon 706, Wicvene 1086 (DB).

Possibly
OWelsh guic ‘lodge, wood’ + guoun ‘plain, meadow, moor’, with OE cild ‘young man’.

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Childwall Mersey. Cildeuuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream where young people assemble’.
OE cild + wella.

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Chilfrome Dorset. Frome 1086 (DB), Childefrome 1206.

‘Estate on the River Frome belonging to the young men’.
Celtic river-name (see FROME) with OE cild.

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Chilgrove W. Sussex . Chelegrave 1200.

‘Grove in a gorge or gulley’, or ‘grove of a man called Cola’.
OE ceole or OE pers. name + grf.

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Chilham Kent . Cilleham 1032, 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Cilla or of a woman called Cille’.
OE pers. name + hm. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE cille ‘a spring’.

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Chillenden Kent . Ciollandene c.833, Cilledene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Ciolla’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + denu.

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Chillerton I. of Wight . Celertune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Colheard’ or ‘enclosed farmstead in a valley’.
OE pers. name + tn, or OE ceole + geard + tn.

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Chillesford Suffolk . Cesefortda 1086 (DB), Chiselford 1211.

‘Gravel ford’.
OE ceosol + ford.

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Chillingham Northum. Cheulingeham 1187.

‘Homestead or village of the family or followers of a man called Ceofel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Chillington Devon . Cedelintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ceadela’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Chillington Somerset . Cheleton 1261.

‘Farmstead of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Chilmark Wilts. Cigelmerc 984, Chilmerc 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary mark consisting of a pole’.
OE cigel + mearc.

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Chilson Oxon. Cildestuna c.1200.

‘Farmstead of the young man’.
OE cild + tn.

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Chilsworthy Devon . Chelesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Col’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Chiltern Hills Bucks. Ciltern 1009.

Probably identical in origin with the following name, here used of a district.

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Chilthorne Domer Somerset . Cilterne 1086 (DB), Chilterne Dunmere 1280.

Possibly a derivative of an OE or pre-English word celte or cilte which may have meant ‘hill-slope’. Manorial addition from the Dummere family, here in the 13th cent.

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Chiltington, East E. Sussex. Childetune 1086 (DB).

Probably identical with the following name.

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Chiltington, West W. Sussex . Cillingtun 969, Cilletone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead at a hill-slope called Cilte’.
OE or pre-English hill-name + -ing or -ing- + tn. Alternatively the first element may be an ancient district-name Ciltine derived from the same word.

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Chilton,

a place-name found in various counties, usually ‘farm of the young (noble)men’, from
OE cild + tn; for example: Chilton Bucks. Ciltone 1086 (DB). Chilton Durham . Ciltona 1091. Chilton Oxon. Cylda tun c.895, Cilletone 1086 (DB). Chilton Cantelo Somerset . Childeton 1201, Chiltone Cauntilo 1361. Manorial addition from the Cantelu family, here in the 13th cent. Chilton Foliat Wilts. Cilletone 1086 (DB), Chilton Foliot 1221. Manorial addition from the Foliot family, here in the 13th cent. Chilton Street Suffolk . Chilton 1254. Affix street probably has the sense ‘straggling village’. Chilton Trinity Somerset . Cildetone 1086 (DB), Chilton Sancte Trinitatis 1431. Affix from the dedication of the church.
However the following Chilton has a different origin: Chilton Polden Somerset . Ceptone 1086 (DB), Chauton 1303. Possibly ‘farmstead on chalk or limestone’, from
OE cealc + tn, with affix from the nearby Polden Hills (Poeldune 725, from
OE dn ‘hill added to a Celtic name Bouelt 705 which probably means ‘cow pasture’).

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Chilvers Coton Warwicks. ,

see COTON.

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Chilwell Notts. Chideuuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream where young people assemble’.
OE cild + wella.

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Chilworth,

‘enclosure of a man called Cola’,
OE pers. name + worth: Chilworth Hants. Celeorde 1086 (DB). Chilworth Surrey . Celeorde 1086 (DB).

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Chimney Oxon. Ceommanyg 1069.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Ceomma’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Chineham Hants. Chineham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure in a deep valley’.
OE cinu + hm or hamm.

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Chingford Gtr. London . Cingefort (sic) 1086 (DB), Chingelford c.1243.

‘Shingle ford’.
OE cingel + ford.

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Chinley Derbys. Chynleye 1285.

‘Wood or clearing in a deep valley’.
OE cinu + lah.

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Chinnock, East & Chinnock, West Somerset . Cinnuc c.950, Cinioch 1086 (DB).

Possibly a derivative of OE cinu ‘deep valley’, but perhaps an old hill-name of Celtic origin.

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Chinnor Oxon. Chennore 1086 (DB).

‘Slope of a man called Ceonna’.
OE pers. name + ra.

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Chipnall Shrops. Ceppacanole 1086 (DB), Chippeknol c.1250.

‘Knoll of a man called Cippa’, or ‘knoll where logs are got’.
OE pers. name or OE cipp (genitive plural cippa) + cnoll.

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Chippenham,

probably ‘river-meadow of a man called Cippa’,
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hamm: Chippenham Cambs. Chipeham 1086 (DB). Chippenham Wilts. Cippanhamme c.900, Chipeham 1086 (DB).

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Chipperfield Herts. Chiperfeld 1375.

Probably ‘open land where traders or merchants meet’.
OE capere + feld.

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Chipping Lancs. Chippin 1203.

OE cping ‘a market, a market-place’.

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Chipping

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Chipping Barnet (Gtr. London ) see BARNET.

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Chipstead,

‘market-place’,
OE cap-stede: Chipstead Kent . Chepsteda 1191. Chipstead Surrey . Tepestede (sic) 1086 (DB), Chepstede 1100–29.

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Chirbury Shrops. Cyricbyrig mid 11th cent., Cireberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place or manor with or near a church’.
OE cirice + burh (dative byrig).

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Chirton Wilts. Ceritone 1086 (DB).

‘Village with a church’.
OE cirice + tn.

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Chisbury Wilts. Cissanbyrig early 10th cent., Cheseberie 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘pre-English earthwork associated with a man called Cissa’,
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig). Alternatively the first element could be an
OE word cisse (genitive -an) ‘a gravelly feature’.

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Chiselborough Somerset . Ceoselbergon 1086 (DB).

‘Gravel mound or hill’.
OE cisel + beorg.

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Chiseldon Wilts. Cyseldene c.880, Chiseldene 1086 (DB).

‘Gravel valley’.
OE cisel + denu.

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Chisenbury Wilts. Chesigeberie 1086 (DB), Chisingburi 1202.

Possibly ‘stronghold of the dwellers on the gravel’.
OE cis + -inga- + burh (dative byrig). Alternatively the first element could be an
OE word cising ‘gravelly place’.

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Chishill, Great & Chishill, Little Cambs. Cishella 1086 (DB).

‘Gravel hill’.
OE cis + hyll.

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Chislehampton Oxon. Hentone 1086 (DB), Chiselentona 1147.

Originally ‘high farm, farm situated on high land’.
OE hah (dative han) + tn, with the later addition of OE cisel ‘gravel’.

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Chislehurst Gtr. London . Cyselhyrst 973.

‘Gravelly wooded hill’.
OE cisel + hyrst.

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Chislet Kent . Cistelet 605, 1086 (DB).

Possibly
OE cistelet ‘a chestnut copse’. Alternatively the name may be a compound of
OE cist ‘chestnut tree’ or cist, cyst ‘chest, container’ with (ge)lt ‘water-conduit’.

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Chiswellgreen Herts. ,

first recorded in 1782, but possibly ‘the gravelly spring or stream’, from
OE cis + wella, with the later addition of green.

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Chiswick Gtr. London . Ceswican c.1000.

‘Farm where cheese is made’.
OE cese + wc.

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Chisworth Derbys. Chisewrde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosure of a man called Cissa’.
OE pers. name + worth. Alternatively the first element could be an
OE word cisse (genitive -an) ‘a gravelly feature’.

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Chithurst W. Sussex . Titesherste (sic) 1086 (DB), Chyteherst 1279.

Possibly ‘wooded hill of a man called Citta’.
OE pers. name + hyrst. Alternatively the first element may be
Celtic cd ‘wood’.

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Chitterne Wilts. Chetre 1086 (DB), Chytterne 1268.

Possibly a derivative of
Celtic cd ‘wood’.

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Chittlehamholt Devon . Chitelhamholt 1288.

‘Wood of the dwellers in the valley’.
OE cietel + hme + holt.

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Chittlehampton Devon . Citremetona 1086 (DB), Chitelhamtone 1176.

‘Farmstead of the dwellers in the valley’.
OE cietel + hme + tn.

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Chittoe Wilts. Chetewe 1167.

Possibly a derivative of
Celtic cd ‘wood’.

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Chivelstone Devon . Cheueletona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Ceofel’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Chobham Surrey . Cebeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Ceabba’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Cholderton Wilts. Celdretone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Colhere or Colrd’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Chollerton Northum. Choluerton c.1175.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Colferth’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Cholmondeley Ches. Calmundelei 1086 (DB), Chelmundeleia c.1200.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Colmund’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Cholsey Oxon. Ceolesig c.895, Celsei 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Col’.
OE pers. name + eg.

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Cholstrey Heref. & Worcs. Cerlestreu 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of the freeman or of a man called Ceorl’.
OE ceorl or OE pers. name + trow.

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Choppington Northum. Cebbington c.1050.

‘Estate associated with a man called Ceabba’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Chopwell Tyne & Wear. Cheppwell c.1155.

Probably ‘spring where trading takes place’.
OE cap + wella.

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Chorley,

‘clearing of the freemen or peasants’,
OE ceorl (genitive plural -a) + lah: Chorley Ches., near Nantwich . Cerlere 1086 (DB). Chorley Lancs. Cherleg 1246. Chorley Staffs . Cherlec 1231.

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Chorleywood Herts. Cherle 1278, Charlewoode 1524.

‘Clearing of the freemen or peasants’.
OE ceorl (genitive plural -a) + lah, with the later addition of wood.

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Chorlton,

usually ‘farmstead of the freemen or peasants’,
OE ceorl (genitive plural -a) + tn: Chorlton Ches., near Nantwich . Cerletune 1086 (DB). Chorlton Lane Ches. Cherlton 1283. Chorlton , Chapel Staffs . Cerletone 1086 (DB).
However the following Chorlton has a different origin: Chorlton cum Hardy Lancs. Cholreton 1243. ‘Farmstead of a man called Colfrith’.
OE pers. name + tn. Now united with Hardy (Hardey 1555, possibly ‘hard island’ from
OE heard + g) as indicated by the
Latin preposition cum ‘with’.

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Chowley Ches. Celelea 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Chrishall Essex . Cristeshala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land dedicated to Christ’.
OE Crist + halh.

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Christchurch Dorset. Christecerce c.1125.

‘Church of Christ’.
OE Crist + cirice. Earlier called Twynham, ‘place between the rivers’,
OE betwonan + a (dative plural am).

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Christian Malford Wilts. Cristemaleford 937, Cristemeleford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by a cross’.
OE cristel-ml + ford.

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Christleton Ches. Cristetone 1086 (DB), Cristentune 12th cent.

‘Christian farmstead’, or ‘farmstead of the Christians’.
OE Cristen (as adjective or noun) + tn.

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Christmas Common Oxon. ,

hamlet recorded as Christmas (Green) in the early 18th cent., so called from Christmas Coppice 1617 which may have been a coppice where holly trees (traditionally associated with Christmas) were abundant. The similar Christmaspie Surrey is so called from Christmas Pie Farm 1823, a whimsical name probably to be associated with the Christmas family mentioned in 16th cent. records.

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Christon Somerset . Crucheston 1197.

‘Farmstead at the hill’.
Celtic crg + OE tn.

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Christow Devon . Cristinestowe 1244.

‘Christian place’.
OE Cristen + stw.

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Chudleigh Devon . Ceddelegam c.1150.

‘Clearing of a man called Ciedda’, or ‘clearing in a hollow’.
OE pers. name or OE cod(e) + lah.

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Chulmleigh Devon . C(h)almonleuga 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing of a man called Colmund’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Chunal Derbys. Ceolhal 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Cola’, or ‘nook of land near the ravine’,
OE pers. name or OE ceole + halh.

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Church Lancs. Chirche 1202.

‘(Place at) the church’.
OE cirice.

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Churcham Glos. Hamme 1086 (DB), Churchehamme 1200.

OE hamm ‘river meadow’ with the later addition of cirice ‘church’.

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Churchdown Glos. Circesdune 1086 (DB).

Celtic crg ‘hill’ with explanatory
OE dn ‘hill’.

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Church

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Church Fenton (N. Yorks.) see FENTON.

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Churchill,

usually from
Celtic crg ‘hill’ with explanatory
OE hyll ‘hill’; examples include: Churchill Devon, near Barnstaple . Cercelle 1086 (DB). Churchill Heref. & Worcs., near Kidderminster . Cercehalle (sic) 1086 (DB), Circhul 11th cent. Churchill Oxon. Cercelle 1086 (DB). Churchill N. Som. Cherchille 1201.

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Church Knowle Dorset . Cnolle 1086 (DB), Churchecnolle 1346.

OE cnoll ‘hill-top’ with the later addition of cirice ‘church’.

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Churchover Warwicks. Wavre 1086 (DB), Chirchewavre 12th cent.

Originally a river-name (an earlier name for the River Swift) meaning ‘winding stream’ from
OE wæfre ‘wandering’, with the later addition of cirice ‘church’.

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Churchstanton Somerset . Stantone 1086 (DB), Cheristontone 13th cent.

‘Farmstead on a stony ground’.
OE stn + tn, with later addition of
OE cirice ‘church’.

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Churchstow Devon . Churechestowe 1242.

‘Place with a church’.
OE cirice + stw.

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Churn (river) Glos. ,

see CERNEY.

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Churt Surrey . Cert 685–7.

OE cert ‘rough ground’.

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Churton Ches. Churton 12th cent.

‘Village with a church’.
OE cirice + tn.

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Churwell W. Yorks. Cherlewell 1226.

‘Spring or stream of the freemen or peasants’.
OE ceorl + wella.

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Cinderford Glos. Sinderford 1258.

‘Ford built up with cinders or slag (from iron-smelting)’.
OE sinder + ford.

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Cirencester Glos. Korinion c.150, Cirenceaster c.900, Cirecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman camp or town called Corinion’.
OE ceaster added to the reduced form of a Celtic name of uncertain origin and meaning.

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Clacton on Sea, Great & Little Clacton Essex . Claccingtune c.1000, Clachintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Clacc’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Claines Heref. & Worcs. Cleinesse 11th cent.

‘Clay headland’.
OE clg + næss.

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Clandon, East & Clandon West Surrey . Clanedun 1086 (DB).

‘Clean hill’, i.e. ‘hill free from weeds or other unwanted growth’.
OE clne + dn.

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Clanfield,

‘clean open land’, i.e. ‘open land free from weeds or other unwanted growth’,
OE clne + feld: Clanfield Hants. Clanefeld 1207. Clanfield Oxon. Chenefelde (sic) 1086 (DB), Clenefeld 1196.

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Clanville Hants. Clavesfelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Clanefeud 1259.

Identical in origin with the previous names.

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Clapham,

usually ‘homestead or enclosure near a hill or hills’,
OE clopp(a) + hm or hamm: Clapham Beds. Cloppham 1060, Clopeham 1086 (DB). Clapham Gtr. London . Cloppaham c.880, Clopeham 1086 (DB). Clapham W. Sussex . Clopeham 1086 (DB).
However the following Clapham has a different origin: Clapham N. Yorks. Clapeham 1086 (DB). ‘Homestead or enclosure by the noisy stream’.
OE clæpe + hm or hamm.

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Clappersgate Cumbria . Clappergate 1588.

‘Road or gate by the rough bridge’.
ME clapper + OScand. gata or OE geat.

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Clapton,

‘farmstead or village near a hill or hills’,
OE clopp(a) + tn; examples include: Clapton Glos. Clopton 1171–83. Clapton Northants. Cloptun c.960, Clotone 1086 (DB). Clapton Somerset, near Crewkerne . Clopton 1243. Clapton in Gordano N. Som. Clotune (sic) 1086 (DB), Clopton 1225. Gordano is an old district name (Gordeyne 1270), probably ‘dirty or muddy valley’,
OE gor + denu.

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Clarborough Notts. Claureburg 1086 (DB).

‘Old fortification overgrown with clover’.
OE clfre + burh.

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Clare Suffolk . Clara 1086 (DB).

Perhaps originally an old river-name of Celtic origin, identical with that found in HIGHCLERE.

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Clatford, Goodworth & Clatford, Upper Hants. Cladford, Godorde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where burdock grows’.
OE clte + ford. Goodworth (originally a separate name) means ‘enclosure of a man called Gda’,
OE pers. name + worth.

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Clatworthy Somerset . Clateurde 1086 (DB), Clatewurthy 1243.

‘Enclosure where burdock grows’.
OE clte + worth (replaced by worthig).

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Claughton,

‘farmstead on or by a hill’,
OE clacc + tn: Claughton Lancs., near Garstang . Clactune 1086 (DB). Claughton Lancs., near Lancaster . Clactun 1086 (DB).

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Claverdon Warwicks. Clavendone (sic) 1086 (DB), Claverdona 1123.

‘Hill where clover grows’.
OE clfre + dn.

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Claverham N. Som. Claveham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where clover grows’.
OE clfre + hm or hamm.

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Clavering Essex . Clæfring c.1000, Clauelinga 1086 (DB).

‘Place where clover grows’.
OE clfre + -ing.

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Claverley Shrops. Claverlege 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing where clover grows’.
OE clfre + lah.

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Claverton B. & NE. Som. Clatfordtun c.1000, Claftertone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the ford where burdock grows’.
OE clte + ford + tn.

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Clawson, Long Leics. Clachestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on a hill, or of a man called Klakkr’.
OE clacc or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Clawton Devon . Clavetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead at the tongue of land’.
OE clawu + tn.

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Claxby,

‘farmstead of a man called Klakkr’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Claxby Lincs., near Alford . Clachesbi 1086 (DB). Claxby Lincs., near Market Rasen. Cleaxbyg 1066–8, Clachesbi 1086 (DB).

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Claxton,

‘farmstead on a hill, or of a man called Klakkr’,
OE clacc or OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Claxton Norfolk . Clakestona 1086 (DB). Claxton N. Yorks. Claxtorp 1086 (DB), Clakeston 1176. Second element originally
OScand. thorp ‘outlying farmstead’.

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Claybrooke Magna Leics. Claibroc 1086 (DB).

‘Clayey brook’.
OE clg + brc, with
Latin affix magna ‘great’.

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Clay Coton Northants. Cotes 12th cent., Cleycotes 1284.

‘Cottages in the clayey district’.
OE cot (dative plural cotum or a ME plural coten) with the later addition of clg.

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Clay Cross Derbys. ,

a late name, first recorded in 1734, probably named from a local family called Clay.

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Claydon,

‘clayey hill’,
OE clgig + dn: Claydon Oxon. Cleindona 1109. Claydon Suffolk . Clainduna 1086 (DB). Claydon, Botolph , Claydon, East , & Claydon, Middle Bucks. Claindone 1086 (DB), Botle Cleidun 1224, Est Cleydon 1247, Middelcleydon 1242. Affixes from
OE btl ‘house, building’, ast ‘east’, and middel ‘middle’. Claydon, Steeple Bucks. Claindone 1086 (DB), Stepel Cleydon 13th cent. Affix from
OE stpel ‘steeple, tower’.

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Claygate Surrey . Claigate 1086 (DB).

‘Gate or gap in the clayey district’.
OE clg + geat.

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Clayhanger W. Mids. Cleyhungre 13th cent.

‘Clayey wooded slope’.
OE clg + hangra. The same name occurs in Ches. and Devon.

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Clayhidon Devon . Hidone 1086 (DB), Cleyhidon 1485.

‘Hill where hay is made’.
OE h(e)g + dn, with the later addition of
OE clg ‘clay’.

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Claypole Lincs. Claipol 1086 (DB).

‘Clayey pool’.
OE clg + pl.

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Clayton,

‘farmstead on clayey soil’,
OE clg + tn; examples include: Clayton S. Yorks. Claitone 1086 (DB). Clayton Staffs . Claitone 1086 (DB). Clayton W. Sussex . Claitune 1086 (DB). Clayton W. Yorks. Claitone 1086 (DB). Clayton-le-Moors Lancs. Cleyton 1243. Affix ‘on the moorland’ from
OE mr, the French definite article le remaining after loss of the preposition. Clayton-le-Woods Lancs. Cleitonam 1160. Affix ‘in the woodland’ from
OE wudu, with French le as in previous name. Clayton West W. Yorks. Claitone 1086 (DB).

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Clayworth Notts. Clauorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure on the low curving hill’.
OE clawu + worth.

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Cleadon Tyne & Wear. Clyvedon 1280.

‘Hill of the cliffs’.
OE clif (genitive plural clifa) + dn.

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Clearwell Glos. Clouerwalle c.1282.

‘Spring or stream where clover grows’.
OE clfre + wella.

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Cleasby N. Yorks. Clesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Kleppr or Kleiss’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Cleatlam Durham . Cletlinga c.1050, Cletlum 1271.

‘(Place at) the clearings where burdock grows’.
OE clte + lah (dative plural laum), with -ingas ‘dwellers at’ in the earliest form.

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Cleator (Moor) Cumbria . Cletergh c.1200.

Probably ‘hill pasture where burdock grows’.
OE clte + OScand. erg.

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Cleckheaton W. Yorks. Hetun 1086 (DB), Claketon 1285.

‘High farmstead, farmstead situated on high land’.
OE hah + tn. The affix Cleck- is from
OScand. klakkr ‘a hill’.

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Clee St Margaret Shrops. Cleie 1086 (DB), Clye Sancte Margarete 1285.

Named from the Clee Hills, probably an
OE clo ‘ball-shaped, rounded hill’. Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Cleethorpes NE. Lincs. ,

not recorded before the 17th cent., meaning ‘hamlets (
OScand. thorp) near Clee’. The latter, now Old Clee , is Cleia in 1086 (DB), from
OE clg ‘clay’ with reference to the soil.

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Cleeton St Mary Shrops. Cleotun 1241.

‘Farmstead by the hills called Clee’, see CLEE ST MARGARET.
OE tn.

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Cleeve, Cleve,

‘(place) at the cliff or bank’,
OE clif (dative clife); examples include: Cleeve N. Som. Clive 1243. Cleeve, Bishop's Glos. Clife 8th cent., Clive 1086 (DB), Bissopes Clive 1284. Affix from its early possession by the Bishops of Worcester. Cleeve, Old Somerset . Clive 1086 (DB). Cleeve Prior Heref. & Worcs. Clive 1086 (DB), Clyve Prior 1291. Affix from its early possession by the Prior of Worcester.

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Clehonger Heref. & Worcs. Cleunge 1086 (DB).

‘Clayey wooded slope’.
OE clg + hangra.

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Clench Wilts. Clenche 1289.

OE clenc ‘hill’.

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Clenchwarton Norfolk . Ecleuuartuna (sic) 1086 (DB), Clenchewarton 1196.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of the dwellers at the hill’.
OE clenc + -ware + tn.

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Clent Heref. & Worcs. Clent 1086 (DB).

OE clent ‘rock, rocky hill’.

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Cleobury Mortimer & Cleobury North Shrops. Cleberie, Claiberie 1086 (DB), Clebury Mortimer 1272, Northclaibiry 1222.

‘Fortified place or manor near the hills called Clee’, see CLEE ST MARGARET.
OE burh (dative byrig). Manorial addition from the Mortemer family, here in the 11th cent., the other distinguishing affix being
ME north.

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Clerkenwell Gtr. London . Clerkenwell c.1150.

‘Well or spring frequented by students’.
ME clerc (plural -en) + OE wella.

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Clevancy Wilts. Clive 1086 (DB), Clif Wauncy 1231.

‘(Place) at the cliff’, from
OE clif (dative clife), with manorial addition from the de Wancy family, here in the 13th cent.

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Clevedon N. Som. Clivedon 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the cliffs’.
OE clif (genitive plural clifa) + dn.

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Cleveland (district) Red. & Cleve. Clivelanda c.1110.

‘District of cliffs, hilly district’.
OE clif (genitive plural clifa) + land.

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Cleveleys Lancs. ,

not on record before early this cent., probably a manorial name from a family called Cleveley who may have come from Cleveley near Garstang (Cliueleye c.1180, ‘woodland clearing near a cliff or bank’,
OE clif + lah).

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Clewer Somerset . Cliveware 1086 (DB).

‘The dwellers on a river-bank’.
OE clif + -ware. The same name occurs in Berks.

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Cley next the Sea Norfolk . Claia 1086 (DB).

OE clg ‘clay, place with clayey soil’.

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Cliburn Cumbria . Clibbrun c.1140.

‘Stream by the cliff or bank’.
OE clif + burna.

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Cliddesden Hants. Cleresden (sic) 1086 (DB), Cledesdene 1194.

Possibly ‘valley of the rock or rocky hill’.
OE clde + denu.

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Cliff, Cliffe, Clyffe,

‘(place at) the cliff or bank’,
OE clif; examples include: Cliffe Kent . Cliua 10th cent., Clive 1086 (DB). Cliffe N. Yorks. Clive 1086 (DB). Cliffe, King's Northants. Clive 1086 (DB), Kyngesclive 1305. A royal manor in 1086. Cliffe, North & Cliffe, South E. R. Yorks. Cliue 1086 (DB). Cliffe, West Kent . Wesclive 1086 (DB). With
OE west ‘west’. Clyffe Pypard Wilts. æt Clife 983, Clive 1086 (DB), Clive Pipard 1291. Manorial affix from the Pipard family, here in the 13th cent.

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Clifford,

‘ford at a cliff or bank’,
OE clif + ford: Clifford Heref. & Worcs. Cliford 1086 (DB). Clifford W. Yorks. Cliford 1086 (DB). Clifford Chambers Warwicks. Clifforda 922, Clifort 1086 (DB), Chaumberesclifford 1388. Affix from the chamberlain (
ME chamberere) of St Peter's Gloucester, given the manor in 1099.

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Clifton,

a common place-name, ‘farmstead on or near a cliff or bank’,
OE clif + tn; examples include: Clifton Beds. Cliftune 10th cent., Cliftone 1086 (DB). Clifton Brist. Clistone 1086 (DB). Clifton Cumbria . Clifton 1204. Clifton Derbys. Cliftune 1086 (DB). Clifton Notts. Cliftone 1086 (DB). Clifton Campville Staffs . Clyfton 942, Cliftune 1086 (DB). Manorial addition from the de Camvill family, here in the 13th cent. Clifton Hampden Oxon. Cliftona 1146. The affix first occurs in 1836, and may be from a family called Hampden. Clifton, North & Clifton, South Notts. Cliftone 1086 (DB), Nort Clifton c.1160, Suth Clifton 1280. Clifton Reynes Bucks. Cliftone 1086 (DB), Clyfton Reynes 1383. Manorial addition from the de Reynes family, here in the early 14th cent. Clifton upon Dunsmore Warwicks. Cliptone 1086 (DB), Clifton super Donesmore 1306. For the affix, see RYTON-ON-DUNSMORE. Clifton upon Teme Heref. & Worcs. Cliftun ultra Tamedam 934, Clistune (sic) 1086 (DB). Teme is an old Celtic river-name, see TENBURY WELLS.

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Cliftonville Kent ,

a modern name invented for this 19th cent. resort.

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Climping W. Sussex . Clepinges (sic) 1086 (DB), Clympinges 1228.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Climp’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Clint N. Yorks. Clint 1208.

OScand. klint ‘a rocky cliff, a steep bank’.

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Clippesby Norfolk . Clepesbei 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Klyppr or Klippr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Clipsham Rutland . Kilpesham 1203.

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Cylp’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Clipston(e),

‘farmstead of a man called Klyppr or Klippr’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Clipston Northants. Clipestune 1086 (DB). Clipston Notts. Cliston 1198. Clipstone Notts. Clipestune 1086 (DB).

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Clitheroe Lancs. Cliderhou 1102.

‘Hill with loose stones’.
OE clder, clider + OE hh or OScand. haugr.

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Clive Shrops. Clive 1255.

‘(Place) at the cliff or bank’.
OE clif (dative clife).

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Clodock Heref. & Worcs. Ecclesia Sancti Clitauci c.1150.

‘(The church of) St. Clydog’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Clophill Beds. Clopelle 1086 (DB).

‘Lumpy hill’.
OE clopp(a) + hyll.

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Clopton Suffolk . Clop(e)tuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village near a hill or hills’.
OE clopp(a) + tn.

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Clothall Herts. Clatheala c.1060, Cladhele 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land where burdock grows’.
OE clte + healh.

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Clotton Ches. Clotone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead at a dell or deep valley’.
OE clh + tn.

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Cloud, Temple B. & NE. Som. La Clude 1199.

‘The (rocky) hill’.
OE cld. Affix probably refers to lands here held by the Knights Templars.

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Cloughton N. Yorks. Cloctune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead at a dell or deep valley’.
OE clh + tn.

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Clovelly Devon . Cloveleia 1086 (DB), Clofely 1296.

Probably ‘earthworks associated with a man called Fele(c)’. Cornish cleath ‘dyke, bank’ (referring to the ancient earthworks of Clovelly Dykes) + pers. name (which may also survive in the name of nearby Velly , Felye 1287).

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Clowne Derbys. Clune c.1002, 1086 (DB).

Named from the river which rises nearby; it is an old river-name identical with that in the following name.

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Clun Shrops. Clune 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Clun, which is an ancient pre-English river-name of uncertain meaning.

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Clunbury Shrops. Cluneberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place on the River Clun’.
Pre-English river-name + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Clungunford Shrops. Clone 1086 (DB), Cloune Goneford 1242.

‘Estate on the River Clun held by a man called Gunward’. Pre-English river-name + manorial addition from the name of the lord of the manor in the time of Edward the Confessor.

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Clunton Shrops. Clutone (sic) 1086 (DB), Cluntune 12th cent.

‘Farmstead or village on the River Clun’.
Pre-English river-name + OE tn.

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Clutton,

‘farmstead or village at a hill’, from
OE cld + tn: Clutton Ches. Clutone 1086 (DB). Clutton Somerset . Cluttone 851, Clutone 1086 (DB).

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Clyffe Pypard Wilts. ,

see CLIFF.

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Clyst, Broad Devon . Clistone 1086 (DB), Clistun c.1100, Brodeclyste 1372.

Like the following Devon places, named from the River Clyst, a Celtic river-name probably meaning ‘clean stream’. Originally ‘farmstead on the River Clyst’ from
OE tn, later ‘large estate on the River Clyst’ from
OE brd.

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Clyst Honiton Devon ,

see HONITON.

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Clyst Hydon Devon . Clist 1086 (DB), Clist Hydone 1268.

‘Estate on the River Clyst held by the de Hidune family’ (here in the 13th cent.).
Celtic river-name + manorial addition.

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Clyst St George Devon . Clisewic 1086 (DB), Clystwik Sancti Georgii 1327.

Originally ‘dairy farm on the River Clyst’.
Celtic river-name + OE wc, with addition from the dedication of the church.

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Clyst St Lawrence Devon . Clist 1086 (DB), Clist Sancti Laurencii 1203.

‘Estate on the River Clyst’, with addition from the dedication of the church.

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Clyst St Mary Devon . Clist Sancte Marie 1242.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Coalbrookdale Shrops. Caldebrok 1250.

‘(Valley of) the cold brook’.
OE cald + brc with the later addition of dale.

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Coaley Glos. Couelege 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing with a hut or shelter’.
OE cofa + lah.

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Coalville Leics. ,

a name of 19th cent. origin, so called because it is in a coal-mining district.

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Coate Wilts., near Devizes . Cotes 1255.

‘The cottage(s) or hut(s)’.
OE cot.

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Coates,

‘the cottages or huts’, from
OE cot; examples include: Coates Cambs. Cotes c.1280. Coates Glos. Cota 1175. Coates Notts. Cotes 1200. Coates, Great NE. Lincs. Cotes 1086 (DB). Coates, North Lincs. Nordcotis c.1115. ‘Cottages to the north (of FULSTOW)’,
OE north.

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Coatham Red. & Cleve. Cotum 1123–8.

‘(Place) at the cottages or huts’.
OE cot in a dative plural form cotum.

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Coatham Mundeville Durham . Cotum 12th cent., Cotum Maundevill 1344.

Identical in origin with the previous name. Manorial affix from the de Amundevilla family, here in the 13th cent.

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Coberley Glos. Culberlege 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing of a man called Cthbeorht’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Cobham Kent . Cobba hammes mearce 939, Cobbeham 1197.

‘Enclosure or homestead of a man called Cobba’.
OE pers. name + hamm or hm. The early form contains
OE mearc ‘boundary’.

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Cobham Surrey . Covenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Cofa, or with a hut or shelter’.
OE pers. name or OE cofa + hm or hamm.

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Cockayne Hatley Beds. ,

see HATLEY.

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Cockerham Lancs. Cocreham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure on the River Cocker’.
Celtic river-name (with a meaning ‘crooked’) + OE hm or hamm.

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Cockerington, North & Cockerington South Lincs. Cocrintone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead by a stream called Cocker’.
Celtic river-name (perhaps an earlier name for the River Lud) + -ing- + tn.

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Cockermouth Cumbria . Cokyrmoth c.1150.

‘Mouth of the River Cocker’.
Celtic river-name (with a meaning ‘crooked’) + mtha.

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Cockfield Durham . Kokefeld 1223.

‘Open land frequented by cocks (of wild birds), or belonging to a man called Cocca’.
OE cocc or OE pers. name + feld.

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Cockfield Suffolk . Cochanfelde 10th cent.

‘Open land of a man called Cohha’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Cockfosters Gtr. London . Cokfosters 1524.

‘House or estate of the chief forester’.
ME for(e)ster.

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Cocking W. Sussex . Cochinges 1086 (DB).

‘Dwellers at the hillock’, or ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Cocc(a)’.
OE cocc or OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Cockington Devon . Cochintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Cocc(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Cockley Cley Norfolk . Cleia 1086 (DB), Coclikleye 1324.

OE clg ‘clay, place with clayey soil’ + affix which may be manorial from a family called Cockley or a local name meaning ‘wood frequented by woodcocks’ from
OE cocc + lah.

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Cockshutt Shrops. La Cockesete 1270.

From
OE cocc-scyte ‘a woodland glade where nets were stretched to catch woodcock’.

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Cockthorpe Norfolk . Torp 1086 (DB), Coketorp 1254.

Originally
OScand. thorp ‘secondary settlement, outlying farmstead’ + affix which may be manorial from a family called Co(c)ke, or indicate ‘where cocks are reared’ from
OE cocc.

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Coddenham Suffolk . Codenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Cod(d)a’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Coddington,

‘estate associated with a man called Cot(t)a’, from
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Coddington Ches. Cotintone 1086 (DB). Coddington Heref. & Worcs. Cotingtune 1086 (DB). Coddington Notts. Cotintone 1086 (DB).

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Codford St Mary & Codford St Peter Wilts. Codan ford 901, Coteford 1086 (DB), Codeford Sancte Marie, Sancti Petri 1291.

‘Ford of a man called Cod(d)a’.
OE pers. name + ford. Affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Codicote Herts. Cutheringcoton 1002, Codicote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) associated with a man called Cthhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cot.

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Codnor Derbys. Cotenoure 1086 (DB).

‘Ridge of a man called Cod(d)a’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + ofer.

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Codrington Glos. Cuderintuna 12th cent.

‘Estate associated with a man called Cthhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Codsall Staffs . Codeshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Cd’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Coffinswell Devon . Willa 1086 (DB), Coffineswell 1249.

‘(Place at) the spring or stream’.
OE w(i)ella + manorial addition from the Coffin family, here in the 12th cent.

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Cofton Hackett Heref. & Worcs. Coftune 8th cent., Costune (sic) 1086 (DB), Corfton Hakett 1431.

‘Farmstead with a hut or shelter’.
OE cofa + tn + manorial addition from the Haket family, here in the 12th cent.

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Cogenhoe Northants. Cugenho 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of a man called Cugga’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hh.

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Cogges, High Cogges Oxon. Coges 1086 (DB).

‘The hills’, from
OE cogg.

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Coggeshall Essex . Cogheshala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Cogg’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Coker, East, Coker, North, & Coker, West Somerset . Cocre 1086 (DB).

Originally the name of the stream here, a Celtic river-name with a meaning ‘crooked, winding’.

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Colan Cornwall . Sanctus Colanus 1205.

‘Church of St Colan’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Colaton Raleigh Devon . Coletone 1086 (DB), Coleton Ralegh 1316.

‘Farmstead of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + tn + manorial addition from the de Ralegh family, here in the 13th cent.

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Colburn N. Yorks. Corburne (sic) 1086 (DB), Coleburn 1198.

‘Cool stream’.
OE cl + burna.

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Colby Cumbria . Collebi 12th cent.

‘Farmstead of a man called Kolli’, or ‘hill farmstead’.
OScand. pers. name or kollr + bý.

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Colby Norfolk . Colebei 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Koli’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Colchester Essex . Colneceastre early 10th cent., Colecestra 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town on the River Colne’.
Ancient pre-English river-name (see COLNE ENGAINE) + OE ceaster. Alternatively the first element may be a reduced form of
Latin colonia ‘Roman colony for retired legionaries’ (the Romano-British name of Colchester being Colonia Camulodunum, this last being a British name meaning ‘fort of the Celtic war-god Camulos’).

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Cold

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Cold Brayfield (Bucks.) see BRAYFIELD.

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Coldham Cambs. Coldham 1251.

‘Cold enclosure’.
OE cald + hamm.

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Coldred Kent . Colret 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing where coal is found, or where charcoal is made’.
OE col + ryde.

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Coldridge Devon . Colrige 1086 (DB).

‘Ridge where charcoal is made’.
OE col + hrycg.

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Coldwaltham W. Sussex . Waltham 10th cent., Cold Waltham 1340.

‘Homestead or village in a forest’.
OE w(e)ald + hm, with later affix meaning ‘bleak, exposed’.

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Cole Somerset . Colna 1212.

Originally the name of the stream here, a pre-English river-name of uncertain meaning.

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Colebatch Shrops. Colebech 1176.

Probably ‘stream-valley of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + bece. Alternatively the first element may be
OE col ‘charcoal’.

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Colebrook Devon, near Cullompton . Colebroca 1086 (DB).

‘Cool brook’.
OE cl + brc.

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Colebrooke Devon . Colebroc 12th cent.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Coleby N. Lincs. Colebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Koli’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Coleford Devon . Colbrukeforde 1330.

‘Ford at COLEBROOKE’.
OE ford.

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Coleford Glos. Coleforde 1282.

‘Ford across which coal is carried’.
OE col + ford.

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Coleford Somerset, near Frome . Culeford 1234.

‘Ford across which coal or charcoal is carried’.
OE col + ford.

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Colehill Dorset. Colhulle 1431.

OE hyll ‘hill’ with either col ‘charcoal’ or coll ‘hill’.

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Coleman's Hatch E. Sussex. Colmanhacche 1495.

‘Forest gate (
OE hæcc) associated with a family called Coleman’ (recorded in this area from the 13th cent.).

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Colemere Shrops. Colesmere (sic) 1086 (DB), Culemere 1203.

Probably ‘pool of a man called Cla’.
OE pers. name + mere.

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Coleorton Leics. Ovretone 1086 (DB), Cole Orton 1571.

Probably ‘higher farmstead’.
OE uferra + tn. Affix is
OE col ‘coal’ with reference to mining here.

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Colerne Wilts. Colerne 1086 (DB).

‘Building where charcoal is made or stored’.
OE col + ærn.

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Colesbourne Glos. Col(l)esburnan 9th cent., Colesborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream of a man called Col or Coll’.
OE pers. name + burna.

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Coleshill Bucks. Coleshyll 1507.

Possibly identical in origin with the following name. Its earlier name in medieval times was Stoke 1175, Stokke 1224, from
OE stoc ‘secondary settlement’.

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Coleshill Oxon. Colleshylle 10th cent., Coleselle 1086 (DB).

Probably
OE coll ‘hill’ with the addition of explanatory
OE hyll, alternatively ‘hill of a man called Coll’, from
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Coleshill Warwicks. Colleshyl 799, Coleshelle 1086 (DB).

Possibly identical in origin with the previous names, but more likely ‘hill on the River Cole’,
Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE hyll.

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Colkirk Norfolk . Colechirca 1086 (DB).

‘Church of a man called Cola or Koli’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + kirkja.

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Collaton St Mary Devon . Coletone 1261.

‘Farmstead of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + tn + affix from the dedication of the church.

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Collingbourne Ducis & Collingbourne Kingston Wilts. Colengaburnam 903, Colingeburne 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stream of the family or followers of a man called Col or Cola’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + burna. Manorial additions from possession by the Dukes of Lancaster (
Latin ducis ‘of the duke’) and the king (
OE cyning + tn).

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Collingham,

‘homestead or village of the family or followers of a man called Col or Cola’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm: Collingham Notts. Colingeham 1086 (DB). Collingham W. Yorks. Col(l)ingeham 1167.

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Collington Heref. & Worcs. Col(l)intune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Col or Cola’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Collingtree Northants. Colentreu 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + trow.

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Collyweston Northants. Westone 1086 (DB), Colynweston 1309.

‘West farmstead’.
OE west + tn + manorial affix from Nicholas (of which Colin is a pet-form) de Segrave, here in the 13th cent.

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Colmworth Beds. Colmeworde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosure of a man called Culma’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Colnbrook Bucks. Colebroc 1107.

‘Cool brook’, or ‘brook near the River Colne’.
OE cl or pre-English river-name + OE brc.

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Colne Cambs. Colne 1086 (DB).

Originally the name (now lost) of the stream here, a pre-English river-name of uncertain meaning.

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Colne Lancs. Calna 1124.

‘(Place by) the River Colne’. A pre-English river-name of uncertain meaning, identical with River CALNE in Wilts.

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Colne Engaine, Earls Colne, Wakes Colne & White Colne Essex . Colne c.950, Colun 1086 (DB), Colum Engayne 1254, Erlescolne 1358, Colne Wake 1375, Whyte Colne 1285.

‘(Places by) the River Colne’, an ancient pre-English river-name of uncertain meaning. Manorial additions from possession in medieval times by the Engayne family, the Earls of Oxford, and the Wake family. White Colne was held by Dimidius Blancus in 1086 (DB).

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Colney Norfolk . Coleneia 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Colney, London Herts. Colnea 1209–35, London Colney 1555.

‘Island by the River Colne’.
Pre-English river-name + OE g, with affix from its situation on the main road to London.

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Coln Rogers, St Aldwyns, & St Dennis Glos., Cungle 962, Colne 1086 (DB), Culna Rogeri 13th cent., Culna Sancti Aylwini 12th cent., Colne Seint Denys 1287.

‘(Places by) the River Coln’. Pre-English river-name of uncertain origin. Additions from possession by Roger de Gloucester (died 1106), from church dedication to St Athelwine, and from possession by the church of St Denis of Paris (in the 11th cent.).

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Colsterdale N. Yorks. Colserdale 1301.

‘Valley of the charcoal burners’.
OE colestre + OE dæl or ON dalr.

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Colsterworth Lincs. Colsteuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of the charcoal burners’.
OE colestre + worth.

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Colston,

‘farmstead of a man called Kolr’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Colston, Car Notts. Colestone 1086 (DB), Kyrcoluiston 1242. Affix from
OScand. kirkja ‘church’. Colston Bassett Notts. Coletone 1086 (DB), Coleston Bassett 1228. Manorial addition from the Basset family, here in the 12th cent.

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Coltishall Norfolk . Coketeshala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Cohhede or Coccede’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Colton Cumbria . Coleton 1202.

‘Farmstead on a river called Cole’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE tn.

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Colton Norfolk . Coletuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Cola or Koli’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Colton N. Yorks. Coletune 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Colton Staffs. Coltone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Colwall Heref. & Worcs. Colewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Cool spring or stream’.
OE cl + wælla.

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Colwell Northum. Colewel 1236.

‘Cool spring or stream’.
OE cl + wella.

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Colwich Staffs. Colewich 1240.

Probably ‘building where charcoal is made or stored’.
OE col + wc.

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Colworth W. Sussex . Coleworth 10th cent.

‘Enclosure of a man called Cola’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Colyford Devon . Culyford 1244.

‘Ford over the River Coly’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘narrow’) + OE ford.

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Colyton Devon . Culintona 946, Colitone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the River Coly’.
Celtic river-name + OE tn.

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Combe, Coombe,

‘the valley’, from
OE cumb, a common place-name, especially in the South West; examples include: Combe Oxon. Cumbe 1086 (DB). Combe, Abbas Somerset . Cumbe 1086 (DB), Coumbe Abbatisse 1327. Manorial addition from
Latin abbatisse ‘of the abbess’, alluding to early possession by Shaftesbury Abbey. Combe, Castle Wilts. Come 1086 (DB), Castelcumbe 1270. Affix castel referring to the Norman castle here. Combe Florey Somerset . Cumba 12th cent., Cumbeflori 1291. Manorial addition from the de Flury family, here in the 12th cent. Combe Hay B. & NE. Som. Come 1086 (DB), Cumbehawya 1249. Manorial addition from the family of de Haweie, here in the 13th cent. Combeinteignhead Devon . Comba 1086 (DB), Cumbe in Tenhide 1227. Affix from a district called Tenhide because it contained ‘ten hides of land’ (
OE tn + hd). Combe Martin Devon . Comba 1086 (DB), Cumbe Martini 1265. Manorial addition from one Martin whose son held the manor in 1133. Combe, Monkton B. & NE. Som. Cume 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘estate of the monks’ (
OE munuc + tn). Combe Raleigh Devon . Cumba 1237, Comberalegh 1383. Manorial addition from the de Ralegh family, here in the 13th cent. Combe St Nicholas Somerset . Cumbe 1086 (DB). Affix from its possession by the Priory of St Nicholas in Exeter. Combe, Temple Somerset . Come 1086 (DB), Cumbe Templer 1291. Affix from its possession by the Knights Templars at an early date. Coombe Hants. Cumbe 1086 (DB). Coombe Bissett Wilts. Come 1086 (DB), Coumbe Byset 1288. Manorial addition from the Biset family, here in the 12th cent. Coombe Keynes Dorset. Cume 1086 (DB), Combe Kaynes 1299. Manorial addition from the de Cahaignes family, here in the 12th cent.

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Comberbach Ches. Combrebeche 12th cent.

‘Valley or stream of the Britons or of a man called Cumbra’.
OE Cumbre or OE pers. name + bece.

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Comberford Staffs . Cumbreford 1187.

‘Ford of the Britons’.
OE Cumbre + ford.

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Comberton Cambs. Cumbertone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Cumbra’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Comberton, Great & Comberton, Little Heref. & Worcs. Cumbrincgtun 972, Cumbrintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Cumbra’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Combrook Warwicks. Cumbroc 1217.

‘Brook in a valley’.
OE cumb + brc.

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Combs Derbys. Cumbes 1251.

‘The valleys’.
OE cumb.

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Combs Suffolk . Cambas 1086 (DB).

‘The hill-crests or ridges’.
OE camb.

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Commondale N. Yorks. Colemandale 1272.

‘Valley of a man called Colman’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. dalr.

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Compton,

a common place-name,‘farmstead or village in a valley’, from
OE cumb + tn; examples include: Compton Berks. Contone 1086 (DB). Compton Hants. Cuntone 1086 (DB). Compton Surrey, near Guildford . Contone 1086 (DB). Compton Abbas Dorset. Cumtune 956, Cuntone 1086 (DB), Cumpton Abbatisse 1293. Manorial addition from
Latin abbatisse ‘of the abbess’, alluding to early possession by Shaftesbury Abbey. Compton Abdale Glos. Contone 1086 (DB), Apdale Compton 1504. Affix probably manorial from a family called Apdale. Compton Bassett Wilts. Contone 1086 (DB), Cumptone Basset 1228. Manorial addition from the Basset family, here in the 13th cent. Compton Beauchamp Oxon. Cumtune 955, Contone 1086 (DB), Cumton Beucamp 1236. Manorial addition from the de Beauchamp family, here in the 13th cent. Compton Bishop Somerset . Cumbtune 1067, Compton Episcopi 1332. Affix Bishop (
Latin episcopus) from its early possession by the Bishop of Wells. Compton Chamberlayne Wilts. Contone 1086 (DB), Compton Chamberleyne 1316. Manorial affix from a family called Chamberlain, here from the 13th cent. Compton Dando B. & NE. Som. Contone 1086 (DB), Cumton Daunon 1256. Manorial addition from the de Auno or Dauno family, here in the 12th cent. Compton, Fenny Warwicks. Contone 1086 (DB), Fennicumpton 1221. The affix is
OE fennig ‘muddy, marshy’. Compton, Little Warwicks. Contone parva 1086 (DB). The affix Little (
Latin parva) distinguishes it from Long Compton. Compton, Long Warwicks. Cuntone 1086 (DB), Long Compton 1299. The affix Long refers to the length of the village. Compton Martin B. & NE. Som. Comtone 1086 (DB), Cumpton Martin 1228. Manorial addition from one Martin de Tours, whose son held the manor in the early 12th cent. Compton, Nether & Compton, Over Dorset. Cumbtun 998, Contone 1086 (DB), Nethercumpton 1288, Ouerecumton 1268. The additions Nether and Over are from
OE neotherra ‘lower’ and uferra ‘higher’. Compton Pauncefoot Somerset . Cuntone 1086 (DB), Cumpton Paunceuot 1291. Manorial addition from a family called Pauncefote. Compton Valence Dorset. Contone 1086 (DB), Compton Valance 1280. Manorial addition from William de Valencia, Earl of Pembroke, here in the 13th cent. Compton, West Dorset. Comptone 934, Contone 1086 (DB). Earlier called Compton Abbas but now called West Compton to distinguish it from the other Dorset place of this name.

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Conderton Heref. & Worcs. Cantuaretun 875, Canterton 1201.

‘Farmstead of the Kent dwellers or Kentishmen’.
OE Cantware + tn.

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Condicote Glos. Cundicotan c.1052, Condicote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage associated with a man called Cunda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cot.

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Condover Shrops. Conedoure 1086 (DB).

‘Flat-topped ridge by Cound Brook’.
Celtic river-name (see COUND) + OE ofer.

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Coneysthorpe N. Yorks. Coningestorp 1086 (DB).

‘The king's farmstead or hamlet’.
OScand. konungr + thorp.

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Coney Weston Suffolk . Cunegestuna 1086 (DB).

‘The king's manor, the royal estate’.
OScand. konungr + OE tn.

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Congerstone Leics. Cuningestone 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Congham Norfolk . Congheham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or village at the hill’.
OE cung + hm.

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Congleton Ches. Cogeltone (sic) 1086 (DB), Congulton 13th cent.

Probably ‘farmstead at the round-topped hill’.
OE cung + hyll + tn.

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Congresbury N. Som. Cungresbyri 9th cent., Cungresberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place or manor associated with a saint called Congar’.
Celtic pers. name + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Coningsby Lincs. Cuningesbi 1086 (DB).

‘The king's manor or village’.
OScand. konungr + bý.

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Conington,

‘the king's manor, the royal estate’,
OScand. konungr + OE tn: Conington Cambs., near St Ives. Cunictune 10th cent., Coninctune 1086 (DB). Conington Cambs., near Sawtry . Cunningtune 10th cent., Cunitone 1086 (DB).

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Conisbrough S. Yorks. Cunugesburh c.1003, Coningesburg 1086 (DB).

‘The king's fortification’.
OScand. konungr + OE burh.

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Coniscliffe, High & Coniscliffe, Low Durham . Cingcesclife c.1050.

‘The king's cliff or bank’.
OE cyning + clif.

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Conisholme Lincs. Cuninggesolm 1195.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, belonging to the king’.
OScand. konungr + holmr.

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Coniston, Conistone,

‘the king's manor, the royal estate’,
OScand. konungr + OE tn: Coniston Cumbria . Coningeston 12th cent. Coniston E. R. Yorks. Coningesbi (sic) 1086 (DB), Cuningeston 1190.
OE tn replaced OScand. bý ‘village’ as second element. Coniston Cold N. Yorks. Cuningestone 1086 (DB), Calde Cuningeston 1202. Affix Cold (from
OE cald) from its exposed situation. Conistone N. Yorks. Cunestune 1086 (DB).

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Cononley N. Yorks. Cutnelai 1086 (DB), Conanlia 12th cent.

OE lah ‘wood, clearing’ with an uncertain first element, possibly an old Celtic river-name or an OIrish pers. name.

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Consett Durham . Covekesheued 1183, Conekesheued 1228.

Probably ‘headland or promontory of a hill called Conek’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic cunco- + OE hafod.

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Constable Burton N. Yorks. ,

see BURTON.

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Constantine Cornwall . Sanctus Constantinus 1086 (DB).

‘Church of St Constantine’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Cookbury Devon . Cukebyr 1242.

‘Fortification of a man called Cuca’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Cookham Berks. Coccham 798, Cocheham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘cook village’, i.e. ‘village noted for its cooks’.
OE cc + hm. However the first element may be an
OE cc(e) ‘hill’.

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Cookham Dean Berks. la Dene 1220.

‘The valley (at COOKHAM)’.
OE denu.

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Cookhill Heref. & Worcs. Cochilla 1156.

OE cc(e) ‘hill’ with explanatory OE hyll.

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Cookley Heref. & Worcs. Culnan clif 964, Culleclive 11th cent.

‘Cliff of a man called Clna’.
OE pers. name + clif.

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Cookley Suffolk . Cokelei 1086 (DB), Kukeleia late 12th cent.

Possibly ‘wood or clearing of a man called Cuca’,
OE pers. name + lah, but the first element may rather be an
OE cucu ‘cuckoo’.

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Cooling Kent . Culingas 808, Colinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Cl or Cla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Coombe,

see COMBE.

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Copdock Suffolk . Coppedoc 1195.

‘Pollarded oak-tree, i.e. oak-tree with its top removed’.
OE coppod + c.

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Copford Green Essex . Coppanforda 995, Copeforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Coppa’.
OE pers. name + ford with the later addition of grne ‘a village green’.

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Cople Beds. Cochepol 1086 (DB).

‘Pool of a man called Cocca’, or ‘pool frequented by cocks (of wild birds)’.
OE pers. name or cocc + pl.

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Copmanthorpe York. Copeman Torp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet belonging to the merchants’.
OScand. kaup-mathr (genitive plural -manna) + thorp.

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Coppenhall Staffs . Copehale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Coppa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Coppingford Cambs. Copemaneforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford used by merchants’.
OScand. kaup-mathr (genitive plural -manna) + OE ford.

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Copplestone Devon . Copelan stan 974.

‘Peaked or towering stone’.
OE copel + stn.

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Coppull Lancs. Cophill 1218.

‘Hill with a peak’.
OE copp + hyll.

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Copt Hewick N. Yorks. ,

see HEWICK.

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Copthorne W. Sussex . Coppethorne 1437.

‘Pollarded thorn-tree, i.e. thorn-tree with its top removed’.
OE coppod + thorn.

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Corbridge Northum. Corebricg c.1050.

‘Bridge near Corchester’.
OE brycg ‘bridge’ with a shortened form of the old
Celtic name of Corchester (Corstopitum) which is near here.

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Corby Northants. Corbei 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Kori’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Corby Glen Lincs. Corbi 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with previous name. The affix is from the River Glen, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘the clean one’.

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Corby, Great Cumbria . Chorkeby c.1115.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Corc’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Coreley Shrops. Cornelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE corn + lah.

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Corfe,

‘the cutting, the gap or pass’, from
OE corf: Corfe Somerset . Corf 1243. Corfe Castle Dorset . Corf 955, Corffe Castell 1302. The affix refers to the Norman castle here. Corfe Mullen Dorset. Corf 1086 (DB), Corf le Mulin 1176. The affix is from
OFrench molin ‘a mill’.

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Corfton Shrops. Cortune 1086 (DB), Corfton 1222.

‘Settlement by the River Corve’.
OE river-name (from corf‘a pass’) + tn.

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Corhampton Hants. Cornhamton 1201.

‘Home farm or settlement where grain is produced’.
OE corn + hm-tn.

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Corley Warwicks. Cornelie 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE corn + lah.

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Cornard, Great Suffolk . Cornerda 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land used for corn’.
OE corn + erth.

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Corney Cumbria . Corneia 12th cent.

‘Island frequented by cranes or herons.
OE corn + g.

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Cornforth Durham . Corneford 1196.

‘Ford frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE corn + ford.

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Cornhill-on-Tweed Northum. Cornehale 12th cent.

‘Nook of land frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE corn + halh. For the river-name, see TWEEDMOUTH.

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Cornsay Durham . Corneshowe 1183.

‘Hill-spur frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE corn + hh.

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Cornwall (the county) . Cornubia c.705, Cornwalas 891, Cornualia 1086 (DB).

‘(Territory of) the Britons or Welsh of the Cornovii tribe’.
Celtic tribal name (meaning ‘peninsula people’) + OE walh (plural walas).

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Cornwell Oxon. Cornewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Stream frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE corn + wella.

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Cornwood Devon . Cornehuda (sic) 1086 (DB), Curnwod 1242.

Probably ‘wood frequented by cranes’.
OE corn + wudu.

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Cornworthy Devon . Corneorda 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure frequented by cranes, or where corn is grown’.
OE corn + worth, worthig.

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Corpusty Norfolk . Corpestih 1086 (DB).

‘Raven path’, or ‘path of a man called Korpr’.
OScand. korpr or pers. name + stígr.

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Corringham Essex . Currincham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Curra’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Corringham Lincs. Coringeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Cora’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Corscombe Dorset. Corigescumb 1014, Coriescumbe 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘valley of the road in the pass’.
OE corf + weg + cumb. Alternatively the first element may be an old name of the stream here.

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Corsham Wilts. Coseham 1001, Cosseham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Cosa or Cossa’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Corsley Wilts. Corselie 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing by the marsh’.
Celtic cors + OE lah.

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Corston B. & NE. Som. Corsantune 941, Corstune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or estate on the River Corse’.
Old river-name (from Celtic cors ‘marsh’) + OE tn.

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Corston Wilts. Corstuna 1065, Corstone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or estate on Gauze Brook’.
Old river-name (from Celtic cors ‘marsh’) + OE tn.

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Corton Suffolk . Karetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Kári’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Corton Wilts. Cortitone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Cort(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Corton Denham Somerset . Corfetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village at a pass’.
OE corf + tn + manorial affix from the de Dinan family, here in the early 13th cent.

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Coryton Devon . Cur(r)itun c.970, Coriton 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead on the River Curi’.
Pre-English river-name (an old name for the River Lyd) + OE tn.

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Coryton Essex ,

a modern name from the oil refinery established here by Cory & Co. in 1922.

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Cosby Leics. Cossebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Cossa’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Coseley W. Mids. Colseley 1357.

Possibly ‘clearing of the charcoal burners’.
OE colestre + lah.

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Cosgrove Northants. Covesgrave 1086 (DB).

‘Grove of a man called Cf’.
OE pers. name + grf.

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Cosham Hants. Cos(s)eham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Cossa’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Cossall Notts. Coteshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Cott’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Cossington,

‘estate associated with a man called Cosa or Cusa’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Cossington Leics . Cosintone 1086 (DB). Cossington Somerset . Cosingtone 729, Cosintone 1086 (DB).

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Costessey Norfolk . Costeseia 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Cost’.
OE (or OScand.) pers. name + OE g.

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Costock Notts. Cortingestoche 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Cort’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + stoc.

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Coston Leics. Castone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Kátr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Cotes,

‘the cottages or huts’, from
OE cot: Cotes Leics . Cothes 12th cent. Cotes Staffs . Cota 1086 (DB).

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Cotesbach Leics. Cotesbece 1086 (DB).

‘Stream or valley of a man called Cott’.
OE pers. name + bece, bæce.

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Cotgrave Notts. Godegrave (sic) 1086 (DB), Cotegrava 1094.

‘Grove or copse of a man called Cotta’.
OE pers. name + grf.

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Cotham Notts. Cotune 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the cottages or huts’.
OE cot in a dative plural form cotum.

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Cothelstone Somerset . Cothelestone 1327.

‘Farmstead of a man called Cthwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Cotherstone Durham . Codrestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Cthhere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Cotleigh Devon . Coteleia 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing of a man called Cotta’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Coton,

‘(place at) the cottages or huts’, from
OE cot in the dative plural form cotum (though some may be from a ME plural coten): Coton Cambs. Cotis 1086. Coton Northants. Cote 1086 (DB). Coton Staffs., near Milwich . Cote 1086 (DB). Coton Clanford Staffs . Cote 1086 (DB). Affix from a local place-name, probably ‘clean ford’ from
OE clne + ford. Coton in the Elms Derbys. Cotune 1086 (DB). Affix from the abundance of elm-trees here.

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Coton, Chilvers Warwicks. Celverdestoche 1086 (DB), Chelverdescote 1185.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Colfrith’.
OE pers. name + cot (ME plural coten). The DB form contains an alternative element
OE stoc ‘hamlet’.

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Cotswolds Glos./Worcs. Codesuualt 12th cent.

‘High forest land of a man called Cd’.
OE pers. name + wald.

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Cottam,

‘(place at) the cottages or huts’, from
OE cot in a dative plural form cotum: Cottam E. R. Yorks. Cottun 1086 (DB). Cottam Lancs. Cotun 1227. Cottam Notts. Cotum 1274.

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Cottenham Cambs. Cotenham 948, Coteham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Cot(t)a’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Cottered Herts. Chodrei (sic) 1086 (DB), Codreth 1220.

OE rth ‘stream’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a pers. name or an
OE cd ‘spawn of fish’.

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Cotterstock Northants. Codestoche 1086 (DB), Cotherstoke 12th cent.

Probably from an
OE corther-stoc ‘dairy farm’.

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Cottesbrooke Northants. Cotesbroc 1086 (DB).

‘Brook of a man called Cott’.
OE pers. name + brc.

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Cottesmore Rutland . Cottesmore c.976, Cotesmore 1086 (DB).

‘Moor of a man called Cott’.
OE pers. name + mr.

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Cottingham,

‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Cott or Cotta’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm: Cottingham E. R. Yorks. Cotingeham 1086 (DB). Cottingham Northants. Cotingeham 1086 (DB).

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Cottingwith E. R. Yorks. Coteuuid (sic) 1086 (DB), Cotingwic 1195.

‘Dairy-farm associated with a man called Cott or Cotta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + wc (replaced by OScand. vithr ‘wood’).

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Cottisford Oxon. Cotesforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Cott’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Cotton, Far Northants. Cotes 1196.

‘The cottages or huts’.
OE cot in a plural form, see COTON. Affix Far to distinguish it from other places with this name.

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Cotwalton Staffs . Cotewaltun 1002, Cotewoldestune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead at the wood or stream of a man called Cotta’.
OE pers. name + wald or wælla + tn.

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Coughton Warwicks. Coctune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead near the hillock’.
OE cocc + tn.

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Coulsdon Gtr. London . Cudredesdune 967, Colesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Cthrd’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Coulston, East & Coulston, West Wilts. Covelestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Cufel’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Coulton N. Yorks. Coltune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead where charcoal is made’.
OE col + tn.

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Cound Shrops. Cuneet 1086 (DB).

Named from Cound Brook, a Celtic river-name of uncertain meaning.

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Coundon Durham . Cundun 1196.

Probably ‘hill where cows are pastured’.
OE c (genitive plural cna) + dn.

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Countesthorpe Leics. Torp 1209–35, Cuntastorp 1242.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet belonging to a countess’.
OScand. thorp with manorial affix from ME contesse.

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Countisbury Devon . Contesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place at a hill called Cunet’.
Celtic name (of uncertain meaning) + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Coupland Northum. Coupland 1242.

‘Purchased land’.
OScand. kaupa-land.

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Courteenhall Northants. Cortenhale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Corta or Curta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Cove,

from
OE cofa which meant ‘hut or shelter’, also ‘recess or cove’: Cove Devon . La Kove 1242. Cove Hants. Coue 1086 (DB). Cove, North Suffolk . Cove 1204. Cove, South Suffolk . Coua 1086 (DB).

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Covehithe Suffolk . Coveheith 1523.

‘Harbour near (South) COVE’, from
OE hth.

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Coven Staffs . Cove 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the huts or shelters’.
OE cofa in the dative plural form cofum.

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Coveney Cambs. Coueneia c.1060.

‘Island of a man called Cofa’, or ‘cove island’.
OE pers. name or OE cofa (genitive -n) + g.

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Covenham St Bartholomew & Covenham St Mary Lincs. Covenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Cofa’, or ‘homestead with a hut or shelter’.
OE pers. name or OE cofa (genitive -n) + hm. Affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Coventry W. Mids. Couentre 1043, Couentreu 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of a man called Cofa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + trow.

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Coverack Cornwall . Covrack 1588.

Probably originally the name of the stream here, meaning unknown.

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Coverham N. Yorks. Covreham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village on the River Cover’.
Celtic river-name + OE hm.

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Covington Cambs. Covintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Cofa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Cowarne, Much & Cowarne, Little Heref. & Worcs. Cuure (sic) 1086 (DB), Couern 1255.

‘Cow house, dairy farm’.
OE c + ærn. Affix Much is from
OE mycel ‘great’.

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Cowbit Lincs. Coubiht 1267.

‘River-bend where cows are pastured’.
OE c + byht.

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Cowden Kent . Cudena c.1100.

‘Pasture for cows’.
OE c + denn.

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Cowden, Great E. R. Yorks. Coledun 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where charcoal is made’.
OE col + dn.

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Cowes, East Cowes I. of Wight ,

settlements on either side of the River Medina estuary named from two former sandbanks referred to as Estcowe and Westcowe in 1413, so called like other coastal features from their fancied resemblance to animals.
OE c ‘a cow’.

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Cowesby N. Yorks. Cahosbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Kausi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Cowfold W. Sussex . Coufaud 1232.

‘Small enclosure for cows.
OE c + fald.

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Cow Honeybourne Heref. & Worcs. ,

see HONEYBOURNE.

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Cowick, East & Cowick, West E. R. Yorks. Cuwich 1197.

‘Cow farm, dairy farm’.
OE c + wc.

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Cowley Devon, near Exeter . Couelegh 1237.

‘Clearing of a man called Cofa or Cufa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Cowley Glos. Kulege 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing where cows are pastured’.
OE c + lah.

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Cowley Gtr. London . Cofenlea 959, Covelie 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing of a man called Cofa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Cowley Oxon. Couelea 1004, Covelie 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing of a man called Cofa or Cufa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Cowling N. Yorks., near Bedale . Collinghe 1086 (DB).

‘Place characterized by a hill’.
OE coll + -ing.

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Cowling N. Yorks., near Glusburn . Torneton 1086 (DB), Thornton Colling 1202.

Originally ‘farmstead where thorn-trees grow’ from
OE thorn + tn, with manorial affix from a person or family called Colling. The first part of the name went out of use in the 15th cent.

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Cowlinge Suffolk . Culinge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘place associated with a man called Cl or Cla’.
OE pers. name + -ing.

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Cowpen Bewley Stock. on T. Cupum c.1150.

‘(Place by) the coops or baskets (for catching fish)’.
OE cpe in a dative plural form cpum. Affix from its possession by the manor of Bewley (‘beautiful place’,
OFrench beau + lieu).

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Cowplain Hants. ,

recorded from 1859, self-explanatory.

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Cowton, East & Cowton, North N. Yorks. Cudtone, Cotun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘cow farm, dairy farm’.
OE c + tn.

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Coxhoe Durham . Cockishow 1277.

Possibly ‘hill-spur of a man called Cocc’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Coxley Somerset . Cokesleg 1207.

‘Wood or clearing belonging to the cook’.
OE cc + lah. The wife of a cook in the royal household is recorded as holding lands near Wells in 1086 (DB).

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Coxwell, Great & Coxwell, Little Oxon. Cocheswelle 1086 (DB), Cokeswell 1227.

Probably ‘spring or stream of a man called Cocc’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Coxwold N. Yorks. Cuhawalda (sic) 758, Cucualt 1086 (DB), Cukewald 1154–89.

Probably ‘woodland haunted by the cuckoo’.
OE cucu + wald.

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Crackenthorpe Cumbria. Cracantorp late 12th cent.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Krakandi, or one frequented by crows or ravens’.
OScand. pers. name or OE crca (genitive plural -ena) + OScand. thorp.

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Cracoe N. Yorks. Crakehou 12th cent.

‘Spur of land or hill frequented by crows or ravens’.
OScand. kráka + OE hh or OScand. haugr.

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Cradley Heref. & Worcs. Credelaie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Creoda’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Crakehall, Great & Crakehall, Little N. Yorks. Crachele 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land frequented by crows or ravens’.
OScand. kráka or krákr + OE halh.

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Crambe N. Yorks. Crambom 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the river-bends’.
OE cramb in a dative plural form crambum.

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Cramlington Northum. Cramlingtuna c.1130.

Possibly ‘farmstead of the people living at the cranes’ stream’.
OE cran + wella + -inga- + tn.

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Cranage Ches. Croeneche (sic) 1086 (DB), Cranlach 12th cent.

‘Boggy place or stream frequented by crows’.
OE crwe (genitive plural crwena) + læc(c).

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Cranborne Dorset. Creneburne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran + burna. It gives name to Cranborne Chase , first recorded in the 13th cent., from
ME chace ‘tract of land for breeding and hunting wild animals’. The river-name Crane is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Cranbrook Kent . Cranebroca 11th cent.

‘Brook frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran + brc. The river-name Crane is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Cranfield Beds. Crangfeldæ 1060, Cranfelle 1086 (DB).

‘Open land frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran, cranuc + feld.

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Cranford,

‘ford frequented by cranes or herons’,
OE cran + ford: Cranford Gtr. London . Cranforde 1086 (DB). Cranford St Andrew & St John Northants. Craneford 1086 (DB), Craneford Sancti Andree, Craneford Sancti Iohannis 1254. Affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Cranham Glos. Craneham 12th cent.

‘Enclosure or river-meadow frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran + hamm.

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Cranham Gtr. London . Craohv (sic) 1086 (DB), Crawenho 1201.

‘Spur of land frequented by crows’.
OE crwe (genitive plural crwena) + hh (the later spelling perhaps reflecting a dative plural hum).

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Cranleigh Surrey . Cranlea 1166.

‘Woodland clearing frequented by cranes or herons’
OE cran + lah.

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Cranmore, East & Cranmore, West Somerset . Cranemere 10th cent., Crenemelle (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Pool frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran + mere.

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Cranoe Leics. Craweho 1086 (DB).

‘Spur of land frequented by crows’.
OE crwe (genitive plural crwena) + hh.

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Cransford Suffolk . Craneforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran + ford.

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Cransley, Great Northants. Cranslea 956, Craneslea 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran + lah.

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Cranswick E. R. Yorks. ,

see HUTTON CRANSWICK.

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Crantock Cornwall , Sanctus Carentoch 1086 (DB).

‘Church of St Carantoc’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Cranwell Lincs. Craneuuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran + wella.

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Cranwich Norfolk . Cranewisse 1086 (DB).

‘Marshy meadow frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran + wisc.

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Cranworth Norfolk . Cranaworda 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure frequented by cranes or herons’.
OE cran + worth.

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Craster Northum. Craucestre 1242.

‘Old fortification or earthwork haunted by crows’.
OE crwe + ceaster.

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Craswall Heref. & Worcs. Cressewell 1231.

‘Spring or stream where water-cress grows’.
OE cærse + wella.

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Cratfield Suffolk . Cratafelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Crta’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Crathorne N. Yorks. Cratorne 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘thorn-tree in a nook of land’.
OScand. krá + thorn.

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Craven (district) N. Yorks. Crave 1086 (DB), Cravena 12th cent.

Probably an old Celtic name meaning ‘garlic place’.

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Craven Arms Shrops. ,

a 19th cent name for the town that grew up at this important railway junction, taken from the Craven Arms inn built c.1800 and itself named from the Earls of Craven.

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Crawcrook Tyne & Wear. Crawecroca 1130.

‘Bend (in a road) or nook of land frequented by crows’.
OE crwe + OScand. krókr or OE crc.

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Crawley,

usually ‘wood or clearing frequented by crows’,
OE crwe + lah; examples include: Crawley Hants. Crawanlea 909, Crawelie 1086 (DB). Crawley Oxon. Croule 1214. Crawley W. Sussex . Crauleia 1203. Crawley Down , Crauledun 1272, has the addition of
OE dn ‘hill, down’. Crawley, North Bucks. Crauelai 1086 (DB).

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Crawshaw Booth Lancs. Croweshagh 1324.

‘Small wood or copse frequented by crows’.
OE crwe + sc(e)aga, with the later addition of
OScand. bth ‘cowhouse, herdsman's hut’.

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Cray, Foots, Cray, North, Cray, St Mary, & Cray, St Pauls Gtr. London . Cræga(n) 10th cent., Crai(e) 1086 (DB), Fotescraei, Northcraei c.1100, Creye sancte Marie 1257, Creypaulin 1291.

Named from the River Cray, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘fresh, clean’. Foots Cray was held by a man called Fot at the time of Domesday. The affixes in St Mary & St Pauls Cray are from the dedications of the churches to St Mary and St Paulinus.

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Crayford Gtr. London . Creiford 1199.

‘Ford over the River Cray’.
Celtic river-name (see CRAY) + OE ford.

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Crayke N. Yorks. Creic 10th cent., 1086 (DB).

Celtic creig ‘a rock, a cliff’.

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Creacombe Devon . Crawecome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley frequented by crows’.
OE crwe + cumb.

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Creake, North & Creake, South Norfolk . Creic, Suthcreich 1086 (DB), Northcrec 1211.

Celtic creig ‘a rock, a cliff’.

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Creaton Northants. Cretone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead at the rock or cliff’.
Celtic creig + OE tn.

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Credenhill Heref. & Worcs. Cradenhille 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Creoda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hyll.

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Crediton Devon . Cridiantune 930, Chritetona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or estate on the River Creedy’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘the winding river’) + OE tn.

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Creech,

from
Celtic crg ‘a mound or hill’: Creech, East Dorset. Criz 1086 (DB). Referring originally to Creech Barrow. Creech St Michael Somerset . Crice 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Creed Cornwall . Sancta Crida c.1250.

‘Church of St Cride’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Creedy (river) Devon ,

see CREDITON.

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Creeting St Mary Suffolk . Cratingas 1086 (DB), Creting Sancte Marie 1254.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Crta’.
OE pers. name + -ingas, with affix from the dedication of the church.

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Creeton Lincs. Cretone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Crta’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Crendon, Long Bucks. Credendone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Creoda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn. Affix (in use since 17th cent.) refers to length of village.

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Cressage Shrops. Cristesache 1086 (DB).

‘Christ's oak-tree’.
OE Crist + c (dative c), probably with reference to a spot where preaching took place.

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Cressing Essex . Cressyng 1136.

‘Place where water-cress grows’.
OE cærsing.

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Cressingham, Great & Cressingham, Little Norfolk . Cressingaham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Cressa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm. Alternatively ‘homestead with cress-beds’, with a first element
OE cærsing.

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Cresswell, Creswell,

‘spring or stream where water-cress grows’, from
OE cærse + wella: Cresswell Northum. Kereswell 1234. Cresswell Staffs . Cressvale 1086 (DB). Creswell Derbys. Cressewella 1176.

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Cretingham Suffolk . Gretingaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the people from a gravelly district’.
OE grot + -inga- + hm.

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Crewe Ches. Creu 1086 (DB).

Celtic crïu ‘a fish-trap, a weir’.

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Crewe Ches., near Farndon . Creuhalle 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name +
OE hall ‘a hall, a manor house’.

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Crewkerne Somerset . Crucern 9th cent., Cruche 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘house or building at the hill’,
Celtic crg + OE ærn, although -ern may rather represent a Celtic suffix.

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Crich Derbys. Cryc 1009, Crice 1086 (DB).

Celtic crg ‘a mound or hill’.

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Crichel, Long & Crichel, Moor Dorset. Circel 1086 (DB), Langecrechel 1208, Mor Kerchel 1212.

‘Hill called Crich’.
Celtic crg ‘hill’ + explanatory OE hyll. Affixes are
OE lang ‘long’ and OE mr ‘marshy ground’.

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Crick Northants. Crec 1086 (DB).

Celtic creig ‘a rock, a cliff’.

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Cricket St Thomas Somerset . Cruche 1086 (DB), Cruk Thomas 1291.

Celtic crg ‘a mound or hill’ with the later addition of
OFrench -ette ‘little’. Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Crickheath Shrops. Gruchet 1272.

Probably Celtic crg ‘hill’ + OE hth ‘heath’.

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Cricklade Wilts. Cracgelade 10th cent., Crichelade 1086 (DB).

‘River-crossing at the rock or hill’.
Celtic creig or crg + OE (ge)ld.

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Cricklewood Gtr. London . Le Crikeldwode 1294.

‘The curved wood’.
ME crikeled + wode.

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Cridling Stubbs N. Yorks. Credeling 12th cent., Credlingstubbes 1480.

‘Place of a man called Cridela’.
OE pers. name + -ing, with the later addition of Stubbs, ‘tree-stumps’, from
OE stubb.

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Crigglestone W. Yorks. Crigestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead at the hill called Crik’.
Celtic crg ‘hill’ + explanatory OE hyll + OE tn.

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Crimplesham Norfolk . Crepelesham (sic) 1086 (DB), Crimplesham 1200.

‘Homestead of a man called Crympel’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Cringleford Norfolk . Kringelforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by the round hill’.
OScand. kringla + OE ford.

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Crockerton Wilts. Crokerton 1249.

‘Estate of the potters or of a family called Crocker’.
OE croccere or ME surname + OE tn.

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Croft,

usually from
OE croft ‘a small enclosed field’; examples include: Croft Lincs. Croft 1086 (DB). Croft N. Yorks. Croft 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Croft Leics. Craeft 836, Crebre (sic) 1086 (DB).
OE cræft ‘a machine, an engine’, perhaps referring to some kind of mill.

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Crofton Gtr. London . Croptun 8th cent.

‘Farmstead near a hill’.
OE crop(p) + tn.

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Crofton W. Yorks. Scroftune (sic) 1086 (DB), Croftona 12th cent.

‘Farmstead with a croft or enclosure’.
OE croft + tn.

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Croglin Cumbria . Crokelyn c.1140.

‘Torrent with a bend in it’.
OE crc + hlynn.

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Cromer Norfolk . Crowemere 13th cent.

‘Lake frequented by crows’.
OE crwe + mere.

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Cromford Derbys. Crunforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by the river bend’.
OE crumbe + ford.

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Cromhall S. Glos. Cromhal 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land in the river bend’.
OE crumbe + halh.

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Cromwell Notts. Crunwelle 1086 (DB).

‘Crooked stream’.
OE crumb + wella.

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Crondall Hants. Crundellan c.880, Crundele 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the chalk-pits or quarries’.
OE crundel in a dative plural form.

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Cronton Mersey . Crohinton 1242.

Possibly ‘farmstead at the place with a nook’.
OE crh + -ing + tn.

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Crook Cumbria . Croke 12th cent.

OScand. krókr or OE crc ‘land in a bend, secluded corner of land’.

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Crook Durham . Cruketona 1267, Crok 1304.

Identical in origin with the previous name, originally with
OE tn ‘farmstead, estate’.

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Crookham Berks. Crocheham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village by the river bends’.
OE crc + hm.

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Crookham Northum. Crucum 1244.

‘(Place) at the river bends’.
OScand. krókr in a dative plural form.

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Crookham, Church Hants. Crocham 1248.

Identical in origin with CROOKHAM (Berks.).

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Croome, Earls Heref. & Worcs. Cromman 10th cent., Crumbe 1086 (DB), Erlescrombe 1495.

Originally the name of the stream here, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘the crooked or winding one’. Manorial affix from its early possession by the Earls of Warwick.

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Cropredy Oxon. Cropelie (sic) 1086 (DB), Croprithi c.1275.

‘Small stream of a man called Croppa, or near a hill’.
OE pers. name or crop(p) + rthig.

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Cropston Leics. Cropeston 12th cent.

‘Farmstead of a man called Cropp or Kroppr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE crop(p) ‘hill’.

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Cropthorne Heref. & Worcs. Croppethorne 8th cent., Cropetorn 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-tree near a hill’.
OE crop(p) + thorn.

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Cropton N. Yorks. Croptune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near a hill’.
OE crop(p) + tn.

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Cropwell Bishop & Cropwell Butler Notts. Crophille 1086 (DB), Bischopcroppehill 1280, Croppill Boteiller 1265.

‘Rounded hill’.
OE crop(p) + hyll. Manorial additions from possession by the Archbishop of York and by the Butler family, here from the 12th cent.

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Crosby,

usually ‘village where there are crosses’, from
OScand. krossa-bý; examples include: Crosby Cumbria, near Maryport. Crosseby 12th cent. Crosby, Great & Little Crosby Mersey . Crosebi 1086 (DB), Magna Crossby c.1190, Parva Crosseby 1242. Affixes are
Latin magna ‘great’ and parva ‘little’. Crosby Garrett Cumbria . Crosseby 1200, Crossebi Gerard 1206. Manorial affix from a person or family called Gerard. Crosby, Low Cumbria . Crossebi c.1200. Crosby Ravensworth Cumbria . Crosseby Raveneswart 12th cent. Manorial affix from the
OScand. pers. name Rafnsvartr.
However the following has a different origin: Crosby N. Lincs. Cropesbi (sic) 1086 (DB), Crochesbi 12th cent. ‘Farmstead or village of a man called Krókr, or in a nook’.
OScand. pers. name or krókr + bý.

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Croscombe Somerset . Correges cumb 705, Coriscoma 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with CORSCOMBE Dorset.

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Crosscanonby Cumbria . Crosseby Canoun 1285.

‘Village where there are crosses’.
OScand. krossa-bý. Canon refers to lands here given to the canons of Carlisle.

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Crossens Mersey . Crossenes c.1250.

‘Headland or promontory with crosses’.
OScand. kross + nes.

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Crosthwaite Cumbria . Crosthwait 12th cent.

‘Clearing with a cross’.
OScand. kross + thveit.

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Croston Lancs. Croston 1094.

‘Farmstead or village with a cross’.
OScand. kross or OE cros + tn.

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Crostwick Norfolk . Crostueit 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing with a cross’.
OScand. kross + thveit.

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Crostwight Norfolk . Crostwit 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Crouch (river) Essex ,

see BURNHAM ON CROUCH.

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Croughton Northants. Creveltone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on the fork of land’.
OE creowel + tn.

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Crow Hants. Croue 1086 (DB).

Possibly
Celtic crïu ‘a fish-trap, a weir’.

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Crowan Cornwall . Eggloscrauuen c.1170.

‘Church of St Cravenna’. From the patron saint of the church (in the early spelling with Cornish eglos ‘church’).

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Crowborough E. Sussex. Cranbergh (sic, for Craubergh) 1292.

‘Hill or mound frequented by crows’.
OE crwe + beorg.

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Crowcombe Somerset . Crawancumb 10th cent., Crawecumbe 1086 (DB).

‘Valley frequented by crows’.
OE crwe + cumb.

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Crowdecote Derbys. Crudecote 13th cent.

‘Cottage of a man called Crda’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Crowfield Suffolk . Crofelda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land near the nook or corner’.
OE crh + feld.

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Crowhurst E. Sussex. Croghyrste 772, Croherst 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wooded hill near the nook or corner’.
OE crh + hyrst.

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Crowhurst Surrey . Crouhurst 12th cent.

‘Wooded hill frequented by crows’.
OE crwe + hyrst.

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Crowland Lincs. Cruwland 8th cent., Croiland 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘estate or tract of land at the river bend’.
OE crw + land.

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Crowle Heref. & Worcs. Crohlea 9th cent., Croelai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing by the nook or corner’.
OE crh + lah.

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Crowle N. Lincs. Crule 1086 (DB).

Originally the name of a river here (now gone through draining), from
OE crull meaning ‘winding’.

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Crowmarsh Gifford Oxon. Cravmares 1086 (DB), Cromershe Giffard 1316.

‘Marsh frequented by crows’.
OE crwe + mersc, with manorial affix from a man called Gifard who held the manor in 1086.

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Crownthorpe Norfolk . Congrethorp, Cronkethor 1086 (DB).

OScand. thorp ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Crowthorne Berks. ,

first recorded in 1607, ‘thorn-tree frequented by crows’.

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Crowton Ches. Crouton 1260.

‘Farmstead frequented by crows’.
OE crwe + tn.

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Croxall Staffs . Crokeshalle 942, Crocheshalle 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Krókr, or near a bend’.
OScand. pers. name or OE crc + OE halh.

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Croxdale Durham . Crokesteil 1195.

‘Projecting piece of land of a man called Krókr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tægl.

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Croxden Staffs . Crochesdene 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘valley of a man called Krókr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE denu. Alternatively the first element may be
OE crc ‘nook, bend’.

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Croxley Green Herts. Crokesleya 1166.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Krókr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE lah.

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Croxton,

‘farmstead in a nook, or of a man called Krókr’, from
OE crc or OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Croxton Cambs. Crochestone 1086 (DB). Croxton N. Lincs. Crochestune 1086 (DB). Croxton Norfolk, near Thetford . Crokestuna 1086 (DB). Croxton Staffs . Crochestone 1086 (DB). Croxton Kerrial Leics. Crohtone 1086 (DB), Croxton Kyriel 1247. Manorial addition from the Kyriel family, here in the 13th cent. Croxton, South Leics . Crochestone 1086 (DB), Sudcroxton 1212.
OE sth ‘south’.

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Croyde Devon . Crideholda (sic) 1086 (DB), Crideho 1242.

‘The headland’, from
OE crde referring to the promontory called Croyde Hoe (with explanatory
OE hh ‘hill-spur’).

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Croydon Cambs. Crauuedene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley frequented by crows’.
OE crwe + denu.

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Croydon Gtr. London . Crogedene 809, Croindene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where wild saffron grows’.
OE croh, crogen + denu.

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Cruckmeole Shrops. Mele 1255, Crokemele 1292.

Named from Meole Brook (see MEOLE BRACE), first element as in following name.

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Cruckton Shrops. Crokton, Crukton 1272.

Probably ‘farmstead or estate by the river-bend’.
OE crc + tn.

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Crudgington Shrops. Crugetone (sic) 1086 (DB), Crugelton 12th cent.

Probably ‘farmstead by a hill called Cruc’.
Celtic crg + explanatory OE hyll + OE tn.

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Crudwell Wilts. Croddewelle 9th cent., Credvelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Creoda’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Crundale Kent . Crundala c.1100.

OE crundel ‘a chalk-pit, a quarry’.

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Cruwys Morchard Devon ,

see MORCHARD.

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Crux Easton Hants. ,

see EASTON.

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Crystal Palace Gtr. London ,

district named from the spectacular building, originally erected in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851 but moved here later that year and destroyed by fire in 1936. The structure was first dubbed Crystal Palace by the magazine Punch on account of its large areas of glass.

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Cubbington Warwicks. Cobintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Cubba’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Cubert Cornwall . Sanctus Cubertus 1269.

‘Church of St Cuthbert’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Cublington Bucks. Coblincote (sic) 1086 (DB), Cubelintone 12th cent.

‘Estate associated with a man called Cubbel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn (with alternative cot ‘cottage’ in the Domesday spelling).

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Cuckfield W. Sussex . Kukefeld, Kukufeld c.1095.

Probably ‘open land haunted by the cuckoo’.
OE cucu + feld.

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Cucklington Somerset . Cocintone (sic) 1086 (DB), Cukelingeton 1212.

‘Estate associated with a man called Cucol or Cucola’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Cuddesdon Oxon. Cuthenesdune 956, Codesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Cthen’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Cuddington,

‘estate associated with a man called Cud(d)a’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Cuddington Bucks. Cudintuna 12th cent. Cuddington Ches. Codynton c.1235. Cuddington Heath Ches. Cuntitone 1086 (DB), Cudyngton Hethe 1532.

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Cudham Gtr. London . Codeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Cuda’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Cudworth Somerset . Cudeworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Cuda’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Cudworth S. Yorks. Cutheworthe 12th cent.

‘Enclosure of a man called Ctha’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Cuffley Herts. Kuffele 1255.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Cuffa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Culcheth Ches. Culchet 1201.

Probably ‘narrow wood’.
Celtic cl + cd.

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Culford Suffolk . Culeforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Cla’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Culgaith Cumbria . Culgait 12th cent.

Identical in origin with CULCHETH.

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Culham Oxon. Culanhom 821.

‘River-meadow of a man called Cla’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Culkerton Glos. Cvlcortone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead with a water-hole, or belonging to a man called Culcere’.
OE culcor or OE pers. name + tn.

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Cullercoats Tyne & Wear. Culvercoats c.1600.

‘Dove-cots’.
OE culfre + cot.

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Cullingworth W. Yorks. Colingauuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Cla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + worth.

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Cullompton Devon . Columtune c.880, Colump (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the Culm river’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘winding stream’) + OE tn.

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Culmington Shrops. Comintone (sic) 1086 (DB), Culminton 1197.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Cthhelm’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Culmstock Devon . Culumstocc 938, Culmestoche 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead on the Culm river’.
Celtic river-name (see CULLOMPTON) + OE stoc.

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Culverthorpe Lincs. Torp 1086 (DB), Calewarthorp 1275.

Originally simply ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet’ from
OScand. thorp, later with the name of an owner added, form uncertain.

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Culworth Northants. Culeorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Cla’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Cumberland (old county) . Cumbra land 945.

‘Region of the Cymry or Cumbrian Britons’.
OE Cumbre + land.

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Cumberworth,

‘enclosure of a man called Cumbra, or of the Britons’,
OE pers. name or OE Cumbre + worth: Cumberworth Lincs. Combreuorde 1086 (DB). Cumberworth, Lower & Cumberworth, Upper W. Yorks. Cumbreuurde 1086 (DB).

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Cumbria (new county) . Cumbria 8th cent.

‘Territory of the Cymry or Cumbrian Britons’. A latinization of the Primitive Welsh form of Cymry ‘the Welsh’.

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Cummersdale Cumbria . Cumbredal 1227.

‘Valley of the Cumbrian Britons’.
OE Cumbre (genitive plural -a) + OScand. dalr.

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Cumnor Oxon. Cumanoran 931, Comenore 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-slope of a man called Cuma’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + ra.

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Cumrew Cumbria . Cumreu c.1200.

‘Valley by the hill-slope’.
Celtic cumm + riu.

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Cumwhinton Cumbria . Cumquintina c.1155.

‘Valley of a man called Quintin’.
Celtic cumm + OFrench pers. name.

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Cumwhitton Cumbria . Cumwyditon 1278.

‘Valley at a place called Whytington (estate associated with a man called Hwta)’.
Celtic cumm added to an English place-name (from OE pers. name + -ing- + tn).

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Cundall N. Yorks. Cundel 1086 (DB).

Probably originally
OE cumb ‘valley’, later with the addition of an explanatory
OScand. dalr ‘valley’.

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Curbridge Oxon. Crydan brigce 956.

‘Bridge of a man called Creoda’.
OE pers. name + brycg.

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Curdridge Hants. Cuthredes hricgæ 901.

‘Ridge of a man called Cthrd’.
OE pers. name + hrycg.

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Curland Somerset . Curiland 1252.

Probably ‘cultivated land belonging to CURRY’.
OE land.

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Curry Mallet & Curry Rivel, North Curry Somerset . Curig 9th cent., Curi, Nortcuri 1086 (DB), Curi Malet, Curry Revel 1225.

‘Estates on the river called Curi’. Pre-English river-name (of uncertain origin and meaning), with distinguishing affixes from families called Malet and Revel, here from the late 12th cent., and from
OE north.

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Curthwaite, East & Curthwaite, West Cumbria . Kyrkthwate 1272.

‘Clearing near or belonging to a church’.
OScand. kirkja + thveit.

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Cury Cornwall . Egloscuri 1219.

‘Church of St Cury’ (a pet-form of St Corentin). From the patron saint of the church, with Cornish eglos ‘church’ in the early form.

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Cusop Heref. & Worcs. Cheweshope 1086 (DB).

OE hop ‘small enclosed valley’, first element possibly a lost Celtic river-name Cyw.

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Cutsdean Glos. Codestune 10th cent., 1086 (DB), Cottesdena 12th cent.

‘Farmstead and/or valley of a man called Cd’.
OE pers. name + tn and/or denu.

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Cuxham Oxon. Cuces hamm 995, Cuchesham 1086 (DB).

‘River-meadow of a man called Cuc’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Cuxton Kent . Cucolanstan 880, Coclestane 1086 (DB).

‘(Boundary) stone of a man called Cucola’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Cuxwold Lincs. Cucuwalt 1086 (DB), Cucuwald c.1115.

Probably ‘woodland haunted by the cuckoo’.
OE cucu + wald.

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D

Dacorum (district) Herts. Danais 1086 (DB), hundredo Dacorum 1196.

‘(Hundred) belonging to the Danes’, from the genitive plural of
Latin Daci ‘the Dacians’ (erroneously used of the Danes in medieval times).

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Dacre Cumbria . Dacor c.1125.

Named from the stream called Dacre Beck, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘the trickling one’.

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Dacre N. Yorks. Dacre 1086 (DB).

Originally a Celtic river-name for the stream here, identical in origin with the previous name.

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Dadford Bucks. Dodeforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Dodda’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Dadlington Leics. Dadelintona c.1190.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Dæd(d)el’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dagenham Gtr. London . Dæccanhaam c.690.

‘Homestead or village of a man called Dæcca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Daglingworth Glos. Daglingworth c.1150.

‘Enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Dæggel or Dæccel’, or ‘enclosure associated with the same man’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing- + worth.

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Dagnall Bucks. Dagenhale 1196.

‘Nook of land of a man called Dægga’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + healh.

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Dalby,

‘farmstead or village in a valley’,
OScand. dalr + bý; examples include: Dalby, Great & Dalby, Little Leics. Dalbi 1086 (DB). Dalby, Low N. Yorks. Dalbi 1086 (DB).

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Dalderby Lincs. Dalderby c.1150.

Possibly ‘farmstead or village in a small valley’, from
OScand. dæld (genitive -ar) + bý. Alternatively ‘valley farmstead where deer are kept’, from
OScand. dalr + djúr + bý.

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Dale Derbys. La Dale late 12th cent.

‘(Place in) the valley’.
OE dæl.

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Dalham Suffolk . Dalham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village in a valley’.
OE dæl + hm.

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Dalling, Field & Dalling, Wood Norfolk . Dallinga 1086 (DB), Fildedalling 1272, Wode Dallinges 1198.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Dalla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. The distinguishing affixes are feld or filden (denoting ‘in the open country’) and wudu (denoting ‘in the woodland’).

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Dallinghoo Suffolk . Dallingahou 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of the family or followers of a man called Dalla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hh.

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Dallington E. Sussex. Dalintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dalla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dalston Cumbria . Daleston 1187.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Dall’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Dalston Gtr. London . Derleston 1294.

‘Farmstead of a man called Dorlf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Dalton,

a common place-name in the northern counties, ‘farmstead or village in a valley’, from
OE dæl + tn; examples include: Dalton Lancs. Daltone 1086 (DB). Dalton Northum., near Hexham . Dalton 1256. Dalton Northum., near Stamfordham . Dalton 1201. Dalton N. Yorks., near Richmond . Daltun 1086 (DB). Dalton N. Yorks., near Thirsk . Deltune 1086 (DB). Dalton S. Yorks. Daltone 1086 (DB). Dalton in Furness Cumbria . Daltune 1086 (DB), Dalton in Fournais 1332. For the district name Furness, see BARROW IN FURNESS. Dalton-le-Dale Durham . Daltun 8th cent. The addition means ‘in the valley’, from
OE dæl. Dalton, North E. R. Yorks. Dalton 1086 (DB), Northdaltona c.1155. Dalton-on-Tees N. Yorks. Dalton 1204. On the River Tees. Dalton Piercy Hartlepl. Daltun c.1150. Dalton Percy 1370. Manorial affix from the Percy family, here up to the 14th cent. Dalton, South E. R. Yorks. Delton 1086 (DB), Suthdalton 1260.

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Dalwood Devon . Dalewude 1195.

‘Wood in a valley’.
OE dæl + wudu.

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Damerham Hants. Domra hamme c.880, Dobreham (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure or river-meadow of the judges’.
OE dmere + hamm.

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Danbury Essex . Danengeberiam 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stronghold of the family or followers of a man called Dene’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + burh (dative byrig).

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Danby N. Yorks. Danebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the Danes’.
OScand. Danir (genitive plural Dana) + bý.

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Danby Wiske N. Yorks. Danebi 1086 (DB), Daneby super Wiske 13th cent.

Identical in origin with the previous name. Situated on the River Wiske (see APPLETON WISKE).

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Dane (river) Ches. ,

see DAVENHAM.

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Danehill E. Sussex. Denne 1279. Denhill 1437.

‘Hill by the woodland pasture’.
OE denn with the later addition of hyll.

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Darcy Lever Gtr. Manch. ,

see LEVER.

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Darenth Kent . Daerintan 10th cent., Tarent 1086 (DB).

‘(Estate on) the River Darent’. Darent is a Celtic river-name meaning ‘river where oak-trees grow’.

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Daresbury Ches. Deresbiria 12th cent.

‘Stronghold of a man called Dor’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Darfield S. Yorks. Dereuueld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land frequented by deer or other wild animals’.
OE dor + feld.

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Darlaston W. Mids. Derlaveston 1262.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Dorlf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Darley,

‘woodland clearing frequented by deer or wild animals’,
OE dor + lah: Darley Abbey Derbys. Derlega 12th cent. Darley Dale Derbys. Dereleie 1086 (DB).

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Darlingscott Warwicks. Derlingescot 1210.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Dorling’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Darlington Durham . Dearthingtun c.1009.

‘Estate associated with a man called Dornth’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Darliston Shrops. Derloueston 1199.

‘Farmstead of a man called Dorlf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Darlton Notts. Derluuetun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a woman called Dorlufu’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Darrington W. Yorks. Darni(n)tone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Dornth’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Darsham Suffolk . Dersham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Dor’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Dartford Kent . Tarentefort 1086 (DB).

‘Ford over the River Darent’.
Celtic river-name (see DARENTH) + OE ford.

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Dartington Devon . Dertrintona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Dart’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘river where oak-trees grow’) + -ing- + tn.

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Dartmoor Devon . Dertemora 1182.

‘Moor in the Dart valley’.
Celtic river-name (see DARTINGTON) + OE mr.

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Dartmouth Devon . Dertamuthan 11th cent.

‘Mouth of the River Dart’.
Celtic river-name (see DARTINGTON) + OE mtha.

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Darton S. Yorks. Dertun 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure for deer, deer park’.
OE dor-tn.

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Darwen Lancs. Derewent 1208.

‘(Estate on) the River Darwen’. Darwen is a Celtic river-name meaning ‘river where oak-trees grow’.

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Dassett, Avon & Dassett, Burton Warwicks. Derceto(ne) 1086 (DB). Afnedereceth 1185, Burton Dassett 1604.

Probably ‘fold or shelter for deer or other animals’.
OE dor + (ge)set or cte. The distinguishing affixes are from the old Celtic name of the stream here (Avon meaning ‘river, water’) and from a nearby place (Burton is from
OE burh-tn ‘fortified farmstead’).

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Datchet Berks. Deccet 10th cent., Daceta 1086 (DB).

Probably an old Celtic name of uncertain meaning.

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Datchworth Herts. Decewrthe 969, Daceuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Dæcca’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Dauntsey Wilts. Dometesig 850, Dantesie 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘island or well-watered land of a man called Dmgeat’.
OE pers. name + eg.

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Davenham Ches. Deveneham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village on the River Dane’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘trickling stream’) + OE hm.

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Daventry Northants. Daventrei 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of a man called Dafa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + trow.

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Davidstow Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus David (alias Dewstow)’ 1269.

‘Holy place of St David’.
Saint's name (Cornish Dewy) + OE stw.

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Dawley Shrops. Dalelie 1086 (DB), Dalilea c.1200.

Probably ‘woodland clearing associated with a man called Dealla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + lah.

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Dawlish Devon . Douelis 1086 (DB).

Originally the name of the stream here, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘dark stream’.

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Daylesford Glos. Dæglesford 718, Eilesford (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Dægel’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Deal Kent . Addelam (sic) 1086 (DB), Dela 1158.

‘(Place at) the hollow or valley’, from
OE dæl (with Latin preposition ad ‘at’ prefixed in the earliest spelling).

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Dean, Deane,

a common place-name, ‘(place in) the valley’, from
OE denu: Dean Cumbria . Dene c.1170. Deane Gtr. Manch. Dene 1292. Deane Hants. Dene 1086 (DB). Dean, East & Dean, West Hants. Dene 1086 (DB). Dean, East & Dean, West W. Sussex . Dene 8th cent., Estdena, Westdena 1150. Dean, Forest of Glos. foresta de Dene 12th cent. Dean, Lower & Dean, Upper Beds. Dene 1086 (DB), Netherdeane, Overdeane 1539.
OE neotherra ‘lower’ and uferra ‘upper’. Dean Prior Devon . Denu 1086 (DB), Dene Pryour 1415. Affix from its possession by Plympton Priory from the 11th cent.

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Dearham Cumbria . Derham c.1160.

‘Homestead or enclosure where deer are kept’.
OE d or + hm or hamm.

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Dearne (river) S. Yorks. ,

see BOLTON UPON DEARNE.

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Debach Suffolk . Depebecs 1086 (DB).

‘Valley or ridge near the river called Dope (the deep one)’.
OE river-name (see DEBENHAM) + bece or bæc (dative bece).

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Debden Essex . Deppedana 1086 (DB).

‘Deep valley’.
OE dop + denu.

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Debden (Green) Essex . Tippedene 1062, Tippedana 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Tippa’.
OE pers. name + denu, with the addition of green from the 18th cent.

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Debenham Suffolk . Depbenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village by the river called Dope (the deep one)’.
OE river-name (now the River Deben ) + hm.

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Deddington Oxon. Dædintun 1050–2, Dadintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dedham Essex . Delham (sic) 1086 (DB), Dedham 1166.

‘Homestead or village of a man called Dydda’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Dee (river) Ches. Deoua c.150.

An ancient Celtic river-name meaning ‘the goddess, the holy one’.

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Deene Northants. Den 1065, Dene 1086 (DB).

‘(Place in) the valley’.
OE denu.

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Deenethorpe Northants. Denetorp 1169.

‘Outlying farmstead or secondary settlement dependent on DEENE’.
OScand. thorp.

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Deepdale Cumbria . Depedale 1433.

‘Deep valley’.
OE dop + dæl.

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Deeping Gate Cambs. Depynggate 1390.

‘Road to DEEPING’ (see next name).
OScand. gata.

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Deeping St James & Deeping St Nicholas, Deeping Market & West Deeping Lincs. Estdepinge, West Depinge 1086 (DB).

‘Deep or low place’.
OE doping. Distinguishing affixes from the dedications of the churches, and from market, east, and west.

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Deerhurst Glos. Deorhyrst 804, Derheste (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded hill frequented by deer’.
OE dor + hyrst.

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Defford Heref. & Worcs. Deopanforda 972, Depeford 1086 (DB).

‘Deep ford’.
OE dop + ford.

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Deighton,

‘farmstead surrounded by a ditch’, from
OE dc + tn: Deighton N. Yorks., near Northallerton . Dictune 1086 (DB). Deighton York. Distone (sic) 1086 (DB). Dicton 1176. Deighton, Kirk & Deighton, North N. Yorks. Distone (sic) 1086 (DB), Kirke Dighton 14th cent., Northdictun 12th cent. Distinguishing affixes are
OScand. kirkja ‘church’ and OE north.

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Delabole Cornwall . Deliou 1086 (DB), Delyou Bol 1284.

The name of the Domesday manor Deliou (possibly from a Cornish word meaning ‘leaves’ and surviving as nearby Deli ) with the later addition of Cornish pol ‘pit’ referring to the great slate quarry here.

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Delamere Ches., named from the ancient Forest of Delamere , foresta de la Mare 13th cent.,

‘forest of the lake’, from
OE mere with the OFrench preposition and article de la.

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Delph, New Delph Gtr. Manch. Delfe 1544.

From
OE (ge)delf‘a quarry’.

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Dembleby Lincs. Dembelbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village with a pool’.
OScand. dembil + bý.

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Denbury Devon . Deveneberie 1086 (DB).

‘Earthwork or fortress of the Devon people’.
OE Defnas (from Celtic Dumnonii) + burh (dative byrig).

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Denby Derbys. Denebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the Danes’.
OE Dene (genitive plural Dena) + OScand. bý.

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Denby Dale W. Yorks. Denebi 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name, with the later addition of dale ‘valley’.

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Denchworth Oxon. Deniceswurthe 947, Denchesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Denic’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Denford Northants. Deneforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford in a valley’.
OE denu + ford.

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Denge Marsh Kent ,

see DUNGENESS.

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Dengie Essex . Deningei c.707, Daneseia 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘island or well-watered land associated with a man called Dene, or of Dene's people’.
OE pers. name + -ing- or -inga- + g.

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Denham,

‘homestead or village in a valley’,
OE denu + hm: Denham Bucks. Deneham 1066, Daneham 1086 (DB). Denham Suffolk, near Bury St Edmunds. Denham 1086 (DB). Denham Suffolk, near Eye . Denham 1086 (DB).

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Denholme W. Yorks. Denholme 1252.

‘Water-meadow in the valley’.
OE denu + OScand. holmr.

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Denmead Hants. Denemede 1205.

‘Meadow in the valley’.
OE denu + md.

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Dennington Suffolk . Dingifetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a woman called Denegifu’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Denston Suffolk . Danerdestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Deneheard’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Denstone Staffs . Denestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Dene’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Dent Cumbria, near Sedbergh . Denet 1202–8.

Possibly an old river-name, origin and meaning uncertain. Dentdale (recorded from 1577) contains
OScand. dalr ‘valley’.

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Denton,

a common place-name, usually ‘farmstead or village in a valley’, from
OE denu + tn; examples include: Denton Cambs. Dentun 10th cent., Dentone 1086 (DB). Denton Durham . Denton 1200. Denton E. Sussex. Denton 9th cent. Denton Gtr. Manch. Denton c.1220. Denton Kent, near Dover . Denetun 799, Danetone 1086 (DB). Denton Lincs. Dentune 1086 (DB). Denton Norfolk . Dentuna 1086 (DB). Denton N. Yorks. Dentun c.972, 1086 (DB). Denton Oxon. Denton 1122. Denton, Upper & Denton, Nether Cumbria . Denton 1169.
However the following Denton has a different origin: Denton Northants. Dodintone 1086 (DB). ‘Estate associated with a man called Dodda or Dudda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Denver Norfolk . Danefella (sic) 1086 (DB), Denever 1200.

‘Ford or passage used by the Danes’.
OE Dene (genitive plural Dena) + fær.

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Denwick Northum. Den(e)wyc 1242.

‘Dwelling or dairy-farm in a valley’.
OE denu + wc.

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Deopham Norfolk . Depham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village near the deep place or lake’.
OE dope + hm.

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Depden Suffolk . Depdana 1086 (DB).

‘Deep valley’.
OE dop + denu.

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Deptford,

‘deep ford’,
OE dop + ford: Deptford Gtr. London . Depeforde 1293. Deptford Wilts. Depeford 1086 (DB).

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Derby Derbys. Deoraby 10th cent., Derby 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village where deer are kept’.
OScand. djúr + bý. Derbyshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Derby, West Mersey . Derbei 1086 (DB), Westderbi 1177.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Dereham, East & Dereham, West Norfolk . Der(e)ham 1086 (DB), Estderham 1428, Westderham 1203.

‘Homestead or enclosure where deer are kept’.
OE dor + hm or hamm.

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Derrington Staffs . Dodintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dod(d)a or Dud(d)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Derrythorpe N. Lincs. Dodithorp 1263.

Probably ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Dod(d)ing’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Dersingham Norfolk . Dersincham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Dorsige’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Derwent (river) ,

four examples, in Cumbria, Derbys., Durham, and Yorks.; a Celtic river-name recorded from the 8th cent. in the form Deruuentionis fluvii ‘river where oak-trees grow abundantly’.

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Desborough Northants. Dereburg 1086 (DB), Deresburc 1166.

‘Stronghold or fortress of a man called Dor’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Desford Leics. Deresford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Dor’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Detchant Northum. Dichende 1166.

‘End of the ditch or dike’.
OE dc + ende.

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Dethick Derbys. Dethec 1154–9.

‘Death oak-tree’, i.e. ‘oak-tree on which criminals were hanged’.
OE dath + c.

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Detling Kent . Detlinges 11th cent.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Dyttel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Devizes Wilts. Divises 11th cent.

‘(Place on) the boundaries’.
OFrench devise.

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Devon (the county) . Defena, Defenascir late 9th cent.

‘(Territory of) the Devonians, earlier called the Dumnonii’.
OE tribal name Defnas (from Celtic Dumnonii) + scr ‘district’.

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Devonport Devon,

a modern self-explanatory name only in use since 1824.

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Dewchurch, Much & Dewchurch, Little Heref. & Worcs. Lann Deui 7th cent., Dewischirche c.1150.

‘Church of St Dewi’.
Saint's name (the Welsh form of David) + OE cirice (with OWelsh lann in the early form). Distinguishing affixes are
OE micel ‘great’ and ltel ‘little’.

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Dewlish Dorset. Devenis (sic) 1086 (DB), Deueliz 1194.

Originally the name of the stream here, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘dark stream’.

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Dewsbury W. Yorks. Deusberia 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Dewi’.
OWelsh pers. name + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Dibden (Purlieu) Hants. Depedene 1086 (DB).

‘Deep valley’.
OE dop + denu. The addition is from
ME purlewe ‘outskirts of a forest’.

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Dicker, Lower & Dicker, Upper E. Sussex. Diker 1229.

From
ME dyker ‘ten’, probably alluding to a plot of land for which this number of iron rods was paid in rent.

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Dickleburgh Norfolk . Dicclesburc 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stronghold of a man called Dicel or Dicla’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Didbrook Glos. Duddebrok 1248.

‘Brook of a man called Dyd(d)a’.
OE pers. name + brc.

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Didcot Oxon. Dudecota 1206.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Dud(d)a’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Diddington Cambs. Dodinctun 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dod(d)a or Dud(d)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Diddlebury Shrops. Dodeleberia c.1090.

‘Stronghold or manor of a man called Dud(d)ela’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Didley Heref. & Worcs. Dodelegie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Dod(d)a or Dud(d)a’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Didmarton Glos. Dydimeretune 972, Dedmertone 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary farmstead of a man called Dyd(d)a’, or ‘farmstead by Dyd(d)a's pool’.
OE pers. name + mre or mere + tn.

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Didsbury Gtr. Manch. Dedesbiry 1246.

‘Stronghold of a man called Dyd(d)i’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Digby Lincs. Dicbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village at the ditch’.
OE dc or OScand. díki + bý.

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Dilham Norfolk . Dilham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where dill grows’.
OE dile + hm or hamm.

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Dilhorne Staffs . Dulverne 1086 (DB).

‘House or building by a pit or quarry’.
OE dylf + ærn.

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Dilston Northum. Deuelestune 1172.

‘Farmstead by the dark stream’.
Celtic river-name + OE tn.

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Dilton Marsh Wilts. Dulinton 1190.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Dulla’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + tn.

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Dilwyn Heref. & Worcs. Dilven 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement at) the shady or secret places’.
OE dgle in a dative plural form dglum.

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Dinchope Shrops. Doddinghop 12th cent.

‘Enclosed valley associated with a man called Dudda’, or ‘valley at Dudda's place’.
OE pers. name + -ing- or -ing + hop.

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Dinder Somerset . Dinre 1174.

Probably ‘hill with a fort’.
Celtic din + brez.

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Dinedor Heref. & Worcs. Dunre 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Dingley Northants. Dinglei 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘woodland clearing with hollows’.
OE lah with ME dingle.

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Dinmore Heref. & Worcs. ,

see HOPE.

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Dinnington Somerset . Dinnitone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dynne’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dinnington S. Yorks. Dunintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dunn(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dinnington Tyne & Wear. Donigton 1242.

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Dinsdale, Low Durham . Ditneshall c.1185.

‘Nook of land belonging to DEIGHTON (N. Yorks)’.
OE halh.

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Dinton,

‘estate associated with a man called Dunn(a)’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Dinton Bucks. Danitone (sic) 1086 (DB), Duninton 1208. Dinton Wilts. Domnitone (sic) 1086 (DB), Dunyngtun 12th cent.

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Diptford Devon . Depeforde 1086 (DB).

‘Deep ford’.
OE dop + ford.

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Dipton Durham . Depeden 1339.

‘Deep valley’.
OE dop + denu.

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Diptonmill Northum. Depeden 1269.

Identical in origin with the previous name, with the later addition of mill.

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Diseworth Leics. Digtheswyrthe c.972, Diwort 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Digoth’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Dishforth N. Yorks. Disforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford across a ditch’.
OE dc + ford.

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Disley Ches. Destesleg c.1251.

OE lah ‘wood, woodland clearing’ with an obscure first element, possibly an
OE dystels ‘mound or heap’.

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Diss Norfolk . Dice 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the ditch or dike’.
OE dc.

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Distington Cumbria . Dustinton c.1230.

OE tn ‘farmstead, estate’ with an obscure first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Ditchburn Northum. Dicheburn 1236.

‘Ditch stream’.
OE dc + burna.

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Ditcheat Somerset . Dichesgate 842, Dicesget 1086 (DB).

‘Gap in the dyke or earthwork’.
OE dc + geat.

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Ditchingham Norfolk . Dicingaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the dwellers at a ditch or dyke’, or ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Dic(c)a or Dca’.
OE dc or OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Ditchling E. Sussex. Dicelinga 765, Dicelinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Dcel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Dittisham Devon . Didasham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure or promontory of a man called Dyddi’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Ditton,

usually ‘farmstead by a ditch or dike’,
OE dc + tn: Ditton Ches. Ditton 1194. Ditton Kent . Dictun 10th cent., Dictune 1086 (DB). Ditton, Fen Cambs. Dictunæ c.975, Fen Dytton 1286. Affix is
OE fenn ‘fen, marshland’. Ditton, Long & Ditton, Thames Surrey . Dictun 1005, Ditune 1086 (DB), Longa Dittone 1242, Temes Ditton 1235. Distinguishing affixes are
OE lang ‘long’ (alluding to the length of the village) and THAMES from the river.
However the following has a different origin: Ditton Priors Shrops. Dodintone 1086 (DB). ‘Estate associated with a man called Dod(d)a or Dud(d)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Manorial affix from its possession by Wenlock Priory.

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Dixton Glos. Dricledone 1086 (DB), Diclisdon 1169.

Probably ‘down of the hill with dikes or earthworks’.
OE dc + hyll + dn. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE pers. name Dcel or Diccel.

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Dobcross Gtr. Manch., a late name , first recorded as Dobcrosse 1662.

‘Cross (or cross-roads) associated with a man called Dobbe’.
ME pers. name (a pet-form of Robert) or surname + cross.

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Docking Norfolk . Doccynge c.1035, Dochinga 1086 (DB).

‘Place where docks or water-lilies grow’.
OE docce + -ing.

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Docklow Heref. & Worcs . Dockelawe 1291.

‘Mound or hill where docks grow’.
OE docce + hlw.

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Dockray Cumbria . Docwra 1278.

‘Nook of land where docks or water-lilies grow’.
OE docce + OScand. vrá.

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Doddinghurst Essex . Doddenhenc (sic) 1086 (DB), Duddingeherst 1218.

‘Wooded hill of the family or followers of a man called Dudda or Dodda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hyrst.

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Doddington, Dodington,

‘estate associated with a man called Dud(d)a or Dod(d)a’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Doddington Cambs. Dundingtune (sic) c.975, Dodinton 1086 (DB). Doddington Kent . Duddingtun c.1100. Doddington Lincs . Dodin(c)tune 1086 (DB). Doddington Northum. Dodinton 1207. Doddington Shrops. Dodington 1285. Doddington, Dry Lincs. Dodintune 1086 (DB). Affix from
OE drge ‘dry’. Doddington, Great Northants. Dodintone 1086 (DB), Great Dodington 1290. Dodington S. Glos. Dodintone 1086 (DB).

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Doddiscombsleigh Devon . Leuga 1086 (DB), Doddescumbeleghe 1309.

Originally ‘the woodland clearing’,
OE lah. Later addition from the Doddescumb family, here in the 13th cent.

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Dodford,

‘ford of a man called Dodda’,
OE pers. name + ford: Dodford Heref. & Worcs. Doddeford 1232. Dodford Northants. Doddanford 944, Dodeforde 1086 (DB).

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Dodington S. Glos. ,

see DODDINGTON.

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Dodleston Ches. Dodestune (sic) 1086 (DB), Dodleston 1153.

‘Farmstead of a man called Dod(d)el’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Dodworth S. Yorks. Dodesuu(o)rde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Dod(d) or Dod(d)a’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Dogdyke Lincs. Dockedic 12th cent.

‘Ditch where docks or water-lilies grow’.
OE docce + dc.

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Dolphinholme Lancs. Dolphineholme 1591.

‘Island or water-meadow of a man called Dolgfinnr’.
OScand. pers. name + holmr.

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Dolton Devon . Duueltone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead in the open country frequented by doves’.
OE dfe + feld + tn.

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Doncaster S. Yorks. Doneceastre 1002, Donecastre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman fort on the River Don’.
Celtic river-name (meaning simply ‘water, river’) + OE ceaster.

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Donhead St Andrew & Donhead St Mary Wilts. Dunheved 871, Dunheve 1086 (DB), Dounheved Sanct Andree 1302, Donheved Sancte Marie 1298.

‘Head or end of the down’.
OE dn + hafod. Affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Donington, Donnington,

usually ‘estate associated with a man called Dun(n) or Dun(n)a’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn (possibly in some cases ‘estate at the hill-place’,
OE dning + tn); examples include: Donington Lincs. Duninctune 1086 (DB). Donington, Castle Leics. Duni(n)tone 1086 (DB), Castel Donyngton 1428. Affix refers to a former castle here. Donington le Heath Leics. Duntone 1086 (DB), Donygton super le heth 1462. Affix means ‘on the heath’, from
OE hth. Donington on Bain Lincs. Duninctune 1086 (DB), Donygton super Beyne 13th cent. Affix from its situation on the River Bain (‘the short one’, from
OScand. beinn). Donnington Berks. Deritone (sic) 1086 (DB), Dunintona 1086 (DB). Donnington Glos. Doninton c.1195. Donnington Heref. & Worcs. Dunninctune 1086 (DB). Donnington Shrops., near Eaton Constantine. Dunniton 1180. Donnington Shrops., near Oakengates . Donnyton 1272.
However the following has a different origin: Donnington W. Sussex . Dunketone 966, Cloninctune (sic) 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead of a man called Dunnuca’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Donisthorpe Leics. Durandestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Durand’.
OFrench pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Donnington,

see DONINGTON.

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Donyatt Somerset . Duunegete 8th cent., Doniet 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘gate or gap of a man called Dun(n)a’.
OE pers. name + geat.

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Dorchester Dorset. Durnovaria 4th cent., Dornwaraceaster 864, Dorecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town called Durnovaria’. Reduced form of
Celtic name (perhaps meaning ‘place with fist-sized pebbles’) + OE ceaster.

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Dorchester Oxon . Dorciccaestræ 731, Dorchecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town called Dorcic’.
Celtic name (obscure in origin and meaning) + OE ceaster.

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Dordon Warwicks. Derdon 13th cent.

‘Hill frequented by deer or other wild animals’.
OE dor + dn.

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Dore S. Yorks. Dore late 9th cent., 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the gate or narrow pass’.
OE dor.

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Dore, Abbey Heref. & Worcs. Dore 1147.

Named from the River Dore, a Celtic river-name meaning simply ‘the waters’. Affix from the former Cistercian Abbey here.

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Dorking Surrey . Dorchinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Deorc’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Dormansland Surrey . Deremanneslond 1263.

‘Cultivated land or estate of the Dereman family’.
OE land, with the surname of a local family.

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Dormanstown Red. & Cleve. ,

a modern name for a new town planned in 1918 for the employees of the manufacturing firm Dorman Long.

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Dormington Heref. & Worcs. Dorminton 1206.

‘Estate associated with a man called Dormd or Dormund’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dorney Bucks. Dornei 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, frequented by bumble-bees’.
OE dora (genitive plural dorena) + g.

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Dorridge W. Mids. Derrech 1400.

‘Ridge frequented by deer or wild animals’.
OE dor + hrycg.

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Dorrington Lincs. Derintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dor(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dorrington Shrops., near Condover . Dodinton 1198.

‘Estate associated with a man called Dod(d)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dorset (the county) . Dornsætum late 9th cent.

‘(Territory of) the people around Dorn’.
Reduced form of Dornwaraceaster (see DORCHESTER) + OE ste.

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Dorsington Warwicks. Dorsintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dorsige’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dorstone Heref. & Worcs. Dodintune (sic) 1086 (DB), Dorsington c.1138.

Possibly identical in origin with the previous name.

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Dorton Bucks. Dortone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village at the narrow pass’.
OE dor + tn.

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Dosthill Staffs . Dercelai (sic) 1086 (DB), Dercetehill 1242.

Possibly ‘hill with a fold or shelter for deer or other animals’.
OE dor + (ge)set or cte + hyll.

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Doughton Glos. Ductune 775–8.

‘Duck farmstead’.
OE dce + tn.

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Doulting Somerset . Dulting 725, Doltin 1086 (DB).

Originally the old name of the River Sheppey on which Doulting stands, probably of Celtic origin but of unknown meaning.

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Dove (river) Derbys. ,

an old Celtic river-name first recorded as Dufan in the 10th cent. and meaning ‘black, dark’. It gives name to Dovedale (Duvesdale 1269), from
OScand. dalr ‘valley’. The two rivers called Dove in Yorkshire are identical in origin.

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Dovenby Cumbria . Duuaneby 1230.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Dufan’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Dover Kent . Dubris 4th cent., Dofras c.700, Dovere 1086 (DB).

Named from the stream here, now called the Dour, a
Celtic river-name dubrs meaning simply ‘the waters’.

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Dovercourt Essex . Douorcortae c.1000, Druurecurt (sic) 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosed farmyard by the river called Dover’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘the waters’) + OE cort(e) (perhaps from Latin cohors, cohortem).

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Doverdale Heref. & Worcs. Douerdale 706, Lunvredele 1086 (sic) (DB).

‘Valley of the river called Dover’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘the waters’) + OE dæl.

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Doveridge Derbys. Dubrige 1086 (DB), Duvebruge 1252.

‘Bridge over the River Dove’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘the dark one’) + OE brycg.

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Dowdeswell Glos. Dogodeswellan 8th cent., Dodesuuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Dogod’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Dowland Devon . Duuelande 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘estate in the open country frequented by doves’.
OE dfe + feld + land.

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Dowlish Wake Somerset . Duuelis 1086 (DB), Duueliz Wak 1243.

Named from the stream here, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘dark stream’. Manorial addition from the Wake family, here in the 12th cent.

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Down Ampney Glos. ,

see AMPNEY.

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Down, Downe,

‘(place at) the hill’,
OE dn: Down, East & Down, West Devon . Duna 1086 (DB), Estdoune 1260, Westdone 1273. Down St Mary Devon . Done 1086 (DB), Dune St Mary 1297. Affix from the dedication of the church. Downe Gtr. London . Doune 1316.

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Downend S. Glos. Downe ende 1573.

Self-explanatory, ‘end of the down’,
OE dn.

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Downham,

usually ‘homestead on or near a hill’,
OE dn + hm: Downham Cambs. Duneham 1086 (DB). Downham Essex . Dunham 1168. Downham Market Norfolk . Dunham c.1050, 1086 (DB). Affix from the market here, referred to as early as the 11th cent.
However the following have a different origin, ‘(place at) the hills’, from
OE dn in the dative plural form dnum: Downham Lancs. Dunum 1194. Downham Northum. Dunum 1186.

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Down Hatherley Glos. ,

see HATHERLEY.

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Downhead Somerset . Duneafd 851, Dunehefde 1086 (DB).

‘Head or end of the down’.
OE dn + hafod.

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Downholme N. Yorks. Dune 1086 (DB), Dunum 12th cent.

‘(Place at) the hills’.
OE dn in a dative plural form dnum.

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Downton,

‘farmstead on or by the hill or down’,
OE dn + tn: Downton Wilts. Duntun 672, Duntone 1086 (DB). Downton on the Rock Heref. & Worcs. Duntune 1086 (DB). Affix from
ME rokke ‘a rock or peak’.

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Dowsby Lincs. Dusebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Dúsi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Doxey Staffs . Dochesig 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Docc’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Doynton S. Glos. Didintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dydda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Draughton,

‘farmstead on a slope used for dragging down timber and the like’,
OScand. drag + OE tn: Draughton Northants. Dractone 1086 (DB). Draughton N. Yorks. Dractone 1086 (DB).

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Drax N. Yorks. Drac 1086 (DB), Drachs 11th cent.

‘The portages, or places where boats are dragged overland or pulled up from the water’.
OScand. drag.

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Drax, Long N. Yorks . Langrak 1208.

‘Long stretch of river’.
OE lang + racu.

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Draycote, Draycott,

a common placename, probably ‘shed where drays or sledges are kept’,
OE dræg + cot; examples include: Draycote Warwicks. Draicote 1203. Draycott Derbys. Draicot 1086 (DB). Draycott Somerset, near Cheddar . Draicote 1086 (DB). Draycott in the Clay Staffs . Draicote 1086 (DB). Affix ‘in the clayey district’, from
OE clg. Draycott in the Moors Staffs . Draicot 1251. Affix ‘in the moorland’, from
OE mr.

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Drayton,

a common place-name, ‘farmstead at or near a portage or slope used for dragging down loads’, or ‘farmstead where drays or sledges are used’,
OE dræg + tn; examples include: Drayton Norfolk . Draituna 1086 (DB). Drayton Oxon., near Banbury . Draitone 1086 (DB). Drayton Oxon., near Didcot . Draitune 958, Draitone 1086 (DB). Drayton Somerset, near Curry Rivel. Drayton 1243. Drayton Bassett Staffs . Draitone 1086 (DB), Drayton Basset 1301. Manorial affix from the Basset family, here in the 12th cent. Drayton Beauchamp Bucks. Draitone 1086 (DB), Drayton Belcamp 1239. Manorial affix from the Beauchamp family, here in the 13th cent. Drayton, Dry Cambs. Draitone 1086 (DB), Driedraiton 1218. Affix from
OE drge to distinguish it from FEN DRAYTON. Drayton, East & Drayton, West Notts. Draitone, Draitun 1086 (DB), Est Draiton 1276, West Draytone 1269. Drayton, Fen Cambs. Drægtun 1012, Draitone 1086 (DB), Fendreiton 1188. Affix from
OE fenn ‘marshland’ in contrast to DRY DRAYTON. Drayton, Fenny Leics. Draitone 1086 (DB), Fenedrayton 1465. Affix is
OE fennig ‘muddy, marshy’. Drayton, Market Shrops. Draitune 1086 (DB). Affix from the important market here. Drayton Parslow Bucks. Draitone 1086 (DB), Drayton Passelewe 1254. Manorial affix from the Passelewe family, here in the 11th cent. Drayton, West Gtr. London . Drægtun 939, Draitone 1086 (DB), Westdrayton 1465.

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Drewsteignton Devon . Taintone 1086 (DB), Teyngton Drue 1275.

‘Farmstead or village on the River Teign’.
Celtic river-name (see TEIGNMOUTH) + OE tn + manorial affix from a man called Drew, here in the 13th cent.

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Driby Lincs. Dribi 1086 (DB).

‘Dry farmstead or village’.
OE drge + OScand. bý.

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Driffield,

‘open land characterized by dirt, or by stubble’,
OE drit or drf + feld: Driffield Glos. Drifelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Driffeld 1190. Driffield, Great & Driffield, Little E. R. Yorks. Drifeld 1086 (DB).

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Drigg Cumbria . Dreg 12th cent.

‘The portage, or place where boats are dragged overland or pulled up from the water’.
OScand. dræg.

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Drighlington W. Yorks. Dreslin(g)tone (sic) 1086 (DB), Drichtlington 1202.

‘Estate associated with a man called Dryhtel or Dyrhtla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Drimpton Dorset. Dremeton 1244.

‘Farmstead of a man called Drama’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Drinkstone Suffolk . Drincestune c.1050, Drencestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Drengr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Drointon Staffs . Dregetone (sic) 1086 (DB), Drengeton 1199.

Probably ‘farmstead of the free tenants’.
OScand. drengr + OE tn.

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Droitwich Heref. & Worcs. Wich 1086 (DB), Drihtwych 1347.

‘Dirty or muddy salt-works’.
OE wc with the later addition of OE drit ‘dirt’.

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Dronfield Derbys. Dranefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land infested with drones’.
OE drn + feld.

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Droxford Hants. Drocenesforda 826, Drocheneford 1086 (DB).

OE ford ‘ford’, with an obscure first element, possibly an
OE drocen ‘dry place’.

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Droylsden Gtr. Manch. Drilisden c.1250.

Possibly ‘valley of the dry spring or stream’.
OE drge + well(a) + denu.

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Drybeck Cumbria . Dribek 1256.

‘Stream which sometimes dries up’.
OE drge + OScand. bekkr.

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Drybrook Glos. Druybrok 1282.

‘Brook which sometimes dries up’.
OE drge + brc.

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Dry Doddington Lincs. ,

see DODDINGTON.

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Dry Drayton Cambs. ,

see DRAYTON.

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Duckington Ches. Dochintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ducc(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ducklington Oxon. Duclingtun 958, Dochelintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Ducel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Duckmanton, Long Derbys. Ducemannestune c.1002, Dochemanestun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Ducemann’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Duddenhoe End Essex . Dudenho 12th cent.

‘Spur of land or ridge of a man called Dudda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hh, with the addition of end ‘district’ from the 18th cent.

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Duddington Northants. Dodintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dud(d)a or Dod(d)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Duddo Northum. Dudehou 1208–10.

‘Spur of land or ridge of a man called Dud(d)a’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Duddon Ches. Dudedun 1185.

‘Hill of a man called Dud(d)a’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Duddon (river) Lancs., Cumbria ,

see DUNNERDALE.

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Dudleston Shrops. Dodeleston 1267.

‘Farmstead of a man called Dud(d)el or Dod(d)el’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Dudley W. Mids. Dudelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Dud(d)a’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Duffield,

‘open land frequented by doves’,
OE dfe + feld: Duffield Derbys. Duvelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Duffeld 12th cent. Duffield, North & Duffield, South N. Yorks. Dufeld, Nortdufelt, Suddufeld 1086 (DB).

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Dufton Cumbria . Dufton 1256.

‘Farmstead where doves are kept’.
OE dfe + tn.

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Duggleby N. Yorks. Difgelibi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Dubgall or Dubgilla’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Dukinfield Gtr. Manch. Dokenfeld 12th cent.

‘Open land where ducks are found’.
OE dce (genitive plural dcena) + feld.

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Dullingham Cambs. Dullingham c.1045, Dullingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Dull(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Duloe Cornwall . Dulo 1283.

‘Place between the two rivers called Looe’.
Cornish dew ‘two’ + river-names from Cornish logh ‘pool’.

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Dulverton Somerset . Dolvertune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead near the hidden ford’.
OE degel + ford + tn.

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Dulwich Gtr. London . Dilwihs 967.

‘Marshy meadow where dill grows’.
OE dile + wisc.

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Dumbleton Glos. Dumbeltun 995, Dubentune (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead near a shady glen or hollow’.
OE dumbel + tn.

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Dummer Hants. Dunmere 1086 (DB).

‘Pond on a hill’.
OE dn + mere.

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Dunchurch Warwicks. Donecerce (sic) 1086 (DB), Duneschirche c.1150.

Probably ‘church of a man called Dun(n)’.
OE pers. name + cirice.

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Duncote Northants. Dunecote 1227.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Dun(n)a’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Duncton W. Sussex . Donechitone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Dunnuca’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Dundon Somerset . Dondeme (sic) 1086 (DB), Dunden 1236.

‘Valley by the hill’.
OE dn + denu.

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Dundraw Cumbria . Drumdrahrigg 1194.

‘Slope of the ridge’.
Celtic drum + OScand. drag (with OScand. hryggr ‘ridge’ in the 12th cent. form).

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Dundry N. Som. Dundreg 1065.

Possibly ‘slope of the hill (used for dragging down loads)’,
OE dn + dræg. Alternatively perhaps a
Celtic name for Dundry Hill from din ‘fort’ with another element.

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Dungeness Kent . Dengenesse 1335.

‘Headland (
OE næss) near Denge Marsh’, the latter being Dengemersc 774, possibly ‘marsh of the valley district’ from
OE denu + g + mersc, alternatively ‘marsh with manured land’ from
OE dyncge (Kentish dencge).

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Dunham,

‘homestead or village at a hill’,
OE dn + hm: Dunham Notts. Duneham 1086 (DB). Dunham, Great & Dunham, Little Norfolk . Dunham 1086 (DB). Dunham on the Hill Ches. Doneham 1086 (DB), Dunham on the Hill 1534. Affix from
OE hyll. Dunham Town Gtr. Manch. Doneham 1086 (DB).

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Dunhampton Heref. & Worcs. Dunhampton 1222.

‘Homestead or home farm by the hill’.
OE dn + hm-tn.

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Dunholme Lincs. Duneham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village at a hill’.
OE dn + hm.

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Dunkeswell Devon . Doducheswelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Dunekeswell 1219.

‘Spring or stream of a man called Duduc or Dunnuc’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Dunkirk Kent ,

first recorded in 1790, a transferred name from Dunkerque in France. There are examples of the same name, originally given to places considered lawless or remote, in Ches., Notts., S. Glos., Staffs., and Wilts.

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Dunmow, Great & Dunmow, Little Essex . Dunemowe 951, Dommawa 1086 (DB).

‘Meadow on the hill’.
OE dn + mwe.

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Dunnerdale, Hall Cumbria . Dunerdale 1293.

‘Valley of the River Duddon’.
River-name of uncertain origin and meaning + OScand. dalr. Affix probably hall ‘manor house’.

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Dunnington E. R. Yorks. Dodintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dud(d)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dunnington York. Donniton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dun(n)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dunnockshaw Lancs. Dunnockschae 1296.

‘Small wood or copse frequented by hedge-sparrows’.
OE dunnoc + sceaga.

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Dunsby Lincs., near Rippingale . Dunesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Dun(n)’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Dunsden Green Oxon. Dunesdene 1086 (DB), Donsden grene 1589.

‘Valley of a man called Dyn(n)e’.
OE pers. name + denu, with grne ‘village green’ added from the 16th cent.

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Dunsfold Surrey . Duntesfaude 1259.

‘Fold or small enclosure of a man called Dunt’.
OE pers. name + fald.

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Dunsford Devon . Dun(n)esforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Dun(n)’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Dunsforth, Lower & Dunsforth, Upper N. Yorks. Doneford(e), Dunesford 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Dunsley N. Yorks. Dunesle 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Dun(n)’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Dunsmore (old district) Warwicks. ,

see RYTON-ON-DUNSMORE.

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Dunstable Beds. Dunestaple 1123.

‘Boundary post of a man called Dun(n)a’.
OE pers. name + stapol.

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Dunstall Staffs . Tunstall 13th cent.

‘Site of a farm, a farmstead’.
OE tn-stall.

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Dunstan Northum. Dunstan 1242.

‘Stone or rock on a hill’.
OE dn + stn.

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Dunster Somerset . Torre 1086 (DB), Dunestore 1138.

‘Craggy hill-top of a man called Dun(n)’.
OE pers. name + torr.

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Duns Tew Oxon. ,

see TEW.

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Dunston,

‘farmstead of a man called Dun(n)’,
OE pers. name + tn: Dunston Lincs. Dunestune 1086 (DB). Dunston Norfolk . Dunestun 1086 (DB). Dunston Staffs . Dunestone 1086 (DB).

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Dunterton Devon . Dondritone 1086 (DB).

OE tn ‘farmstead’, possibly added to an old
Celtic name meaning ‘fort village’ (din + tre).

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Duntisbourne Abbots, Duntisbourne Leer, & Duntisbourne Rouse Glos. Duntesburne 1055, Dantesborne, Tantesborne, Duntesborne 1086 (DB), Duntesbourn Abbatis 1291, Duntesbourn Lyre 1307, Duntesbourn Rus 1287.

‘Stream of a man called Dunt’.
OE pers. name + burna. Manorial affixes from possession in medieval times by the Abbot of St Peter's Abbey at Gloucester, by the Abbey of Lire in Normandy, and by the family of le Rous.

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Duntish Dorset. Dunhethis 1249.

‘Pasture on a hill’.
OE dn + etisc.

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Dunton Beds. Donitone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead on a hill’.
OE dn + tn.

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Dunton Bucks. Dodintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Dud(d)a or Dod(d)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dunton Norfolk . Dontuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on a hill’.
OE dn + tn.

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Dunton Bassett Leics. Donitone 1086 (DB), Dunton Basset 1418.

Probably identical with the previous name. Manorial affix from the Basset family, here in the 12th cent.

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Dunton Green Kent . Dunington 1244.

‘Estate associated with a man called Dun(n) or Dun(n)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Dunwich Suffolk . Domnoc 731, Duneuuic 1086 (DB).

An old Celtic name possibly meaning ‘deep water’ to which
OE wc ‘harbour, trading centre’ was later added.

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Durdle Door Dorset. Dirdale Door 1811.

In spite of the lack of early spellings the first element may be
OE thyrelod ‘pierced’ with duru ‘door, opening’.

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Durham Durham . Dunholm c.1000.

‘Island with a hill’.
OE dn + OScand. holmr.

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Durleigh Somerset . Derlege 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing frequented by deer’.
OE dor + lah.

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Durley Hants. Deorleage 901, Derleie 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Durnford, Great Wilts. Diarneford 1086 (DB).

‘Hidden ford’.
OE dierne + ford.

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Durrington,

‘estate associated with a man called Dor(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Durrington W. Sussex . Derentune 1086 (DB). Durrington Wilts. Derintone 1086 (DB).

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Dursley Glos. Dersilege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Dorsige’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Durston Somerset . Derstona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Dor’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Durweston Dorset. Derwinestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Dorwine’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Duston Northants. Dustone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on a mound’, or ‘farmstead with dusty soil’.
OE dus or dst + tn.

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Dutton Ches. Duntune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead at a hill’.
OE dn + tn.

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Duxford Cambs. Dukeswrthe c.950, Dochesuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Duc(c)’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Dyke Lincs. Dic 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the ditch or dike’.
OE dc.

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Dymchurch Kent . Deman circe c.1100.

Probably ‘church of the judge’.
OE dma + cirice.

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Dymock Glos. Dimoch 1086 (DB).

Possibly from
Celtic din ‘fort’ + adjectival suffix.

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Dyrham S. Glos. Deorhamme 950, Dirham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosed valley frequented by deer’.
OE dor + hamm.

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E

Eagle Lincs. Aclei, Aycle 1086 (DB).

‘Wood where oak-trees grow’.
OE c (replaced by OScand. eik) + OE lah.

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Eaglesfield Cumbria . Eglesfeld c.1170.

‘Open land near a Romano-British Christian church’.
Celtic egls + OE feld.

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Eakring Notts. Ecringhe 1086 (DB).

‘Ring or circle of oak-trees’.
OScand. eik + hringr.

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Ealand N. Lincs. Aland 1316.

‘Cultivated land by water or by a river’.
OE a-land.

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Ealing Gtr. London . Gillingas c.698.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Gilla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Eamont Bridge Cumbria . Eamotum 11th cent., Amotbrig 1362.

‘Bridge at the river-confluences’.
OE a-mt (replaced by OScand. á-mót) + brycg.

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Earby Lancs. Eurebi 1086 (DB).

‘Upper farmstead’, or ‘farmstead of a man called Jfurr’.
OScand. efri or pers. name + bý.

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Eardington Shrops. Eardigtun c.1030, Ardintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Earda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Eardisland Heref. & Worcs. Lene 1086 (DB), Erleslen 1230.

‘Nobleman's estate in Leon’.
OE eorl added to old Celtic name for the district (see LEOMINSTER).

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Eardisley Heref. & Worcs. Herdeslege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ægheard’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Eardiston Heref. & Worcs. Eardulfestun c.957, Ardolvestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Eardwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Earith Cambs. Herheth 1244.

‘Muddy or gravelly landing place’.
OE ar + hýth.

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Earle Northum. Yherdhill 1242.

‘Hill with a fence or enclosure’.
OE geard + hyll.

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Earlham Norfolk . Erlham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead of a nobleman’.
OE eorl + hm.

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Earl or Earl's

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Earl's Barton (Northants.) see BARTON.

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Earnley W. Sussex . Earneleagh 8th cent.

‘Wood or woodland clearing where eagles are seen’.
OE earn + lah.

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Earsdon Tyne & Wear. Erdesdon 1233.

Probably ‘hill of a man called anrd or ord’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Earsham Norfolk . Ersam 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or village of a man called anhere’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Earswick N. Yorks. Edresuuic (sic) 1086 (DB), Ethericewyk 13th cent.

‘Dwelling or farm of a man called Æthelrc’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Eartham W. Sussex . Ercheham (sic) 12th cent., Ertham 1279.

‘Homestead or enclosure with ploughed land’.
OE erth + hm or hamm.

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Easby N. Yorks., near Stokesley . Esebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called si’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Easebourne W. Sussex . Eseburne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream of a man called sa’.
OE pers. name + burna.

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Easenhall Warwicks. Esenhull 1221.

‘Hill of a man called sa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hyll.

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Eashing Surrey . Æscengum late 9th cent., Essinge 1272.

‘(Settlement of) the ash-tree folk, or (settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Æsc’.
OE æsc or pers. name + -ingas.

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Easington,

usually ‘estate associated with a man called sa’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Easington Bucks. Hesintone 1086 (DB). Easington Durham . Esingtun c.1050. Easington E. R. Yorks. Esintone 1086 (DB). Easington Red. & Cleve. Esingetun 1086 (DB).
However the following have different origins: Easington Northum. Yesington 1242. Possibly an old name for the stream here +
OE tn ‘farmstead’. Easington Oxon., near Cuxham . Esidone 1086 (DB). ‘Hill of a man called sa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Easingwold N. Yorks. Eisincewald 1086 (DB).

‘High forest-land of the family or followers of a man called sa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + wald.

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Easole Street Kent . Oesewalum 824, Eswalt 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ridges or banks associated with a god or gods’.
OE s, s + walu.

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East

as affix, see main name, e.g. for East Allington (Devon) see ALLINGTON.

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Eastbourne E. Sussex. Burne 1086 (DB), Estbourne 1310.

‘(Place at) the stream’.
OE burna, with the later addition of ast ‘east’ to distinguish it from WESTBOURNE.

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Eastburn W. Yorks. Estbrune 1086 (DB).

‘East stream’, or ‘(land lying) east of the stream’.
OE ast or astan + burna.

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Eastbury Berks. Eastbury c.1090.

‘East manor’.
OE ast + burh (dative byrig).

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Eastchurch Kent . Eastcyrce c.1100.

‘East church’.
OE ast + cirice.

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Eastcote, Eastcott,

‘eastern cottage(s)’,
OE ast + cot; examples include: Eastcote Gtr. London . Estcotte 1248. Eastcott Wilts., near Potterne . Estcota 1167.

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Eastcourt Wilts., near Crudwell . Escote 901.

Identical in origin with the previous two names.

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Eastdean E. Sussex. Esdene 1086 (DB).

‘East valley’.
OE ast + denu. ‘East’ in relation to WESTDEAN.

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Easter, Good &Easter, High Essex . Estre 11th cent., Estra 1086 (DB), Godithestre 1200, Heyestre 1254.

‘(Place at) the sheep-fold’.
OE eowestre. Distinguishing affixes from possession in Anglo-Saxon times by a woman called Gdgth or Gdgifu, and from
OE hah ‘high’.

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Eastergate W. Sussex . Gate 1086 (DB), Estergat 1263.

‘(Place at) the gate or gap’.
OE geat, with the later addition of asterra ‘more easterly’ to distinguish it from WESTERGATE.

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Easterton Wilts. Esterton 1348.

‘More easterly farmstead’.
OE asterra + tn.

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Eastham Mersey . Estham 1086 (DB).

‘East homestead or enclosure’.
OE ast + hm or hamm.

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Easthampstead Berks. Lachenestede 1086 (DB), Yethamstede 1176.

‘Homestead by the gate or gap’.
OE geat + hm-stede.

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Easthope Shrops. Easthope 901, Stope (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Eastern enclosed valley’.
OE ast + hop.

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Easthorpe Essex . Estorp 1086 (DB).

‘Eastern outlying farmstead or hamlet’.
OE ast + OScand. thorp.

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Eastington Glos., near Stonehouse . Esteueneston 1220.

‘Farmstead of a man called adstn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Eastleach Martin &Eastleach Turville Glos. Lecche 862, Lec(c)e 1086 (DB), Estleche Sancti Martini 1291, Estleche Roberti de Tureuill 1221.

‘Eastern estate on the River Leach’.
OE ast + river-name from OE læc(c), lece ‘stream flowing through boggy land’. Affixes from the dedication of the church and from the de Turville family, here from the 13th cent.

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Eastleigh Hants. East lea 932, Estleie 1086 (DB).

‘East wood or clearing’.
OE ast + lah.

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Eastling Kent . Eslinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called sla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Eastney Hants. Esteney 1242.

‘(Place in) the east of the island’.
OE astan + g.

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Eastnor Heref. & Worcs. Astenofre 1086 (DB).

‘(Place to) the east of the ridge’.
OE astan + ofer.

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Eastoft N. Lincs. Eschetoft c.1170.

‘Homestead or curtilage where ash-trees grow’.
OScand. eski + toft.

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Easton,

a very common place-name, usually ‘east farmstead or village’, i.e. one to the east of another settlement,
OE ast + tn; examples include: Easton Cambs. Estone 1086 (DB). Easton Cumbria, near Netherby . Estuna 12th cent. Easton Hants., near Winchester . Eastun 825, Estune 1086 (DB). Easton I. of Wight. Estetune 1244. Easton Lincs. Estone 1086 (DB). Easton Norfolk . Estuna 1086 (DB). Easton Suffolk, near Framlingham . Estuna 1086 (DB). Easton , Crux Hants. Eastun 801, Estune 1086 (DB), Eston Croc 1242. Manorial addition from a family called Croc(h), here in the 11th cent. Easton, Great Leics. Estone 1086 (DB). Easton Grey Wilts. Estone 1086 (DB), Eston Grey 1281. Manorial addition from the de Grey family, here in the 13th cent. Easton in Gordano N. Som. Estone 1086 (DB), Eston in Gordon 1293. Affix is an old district name, see CLAPTON. Easton Maudit Northants. Estone 1086 (DB), Estonemaudeut 1298. Manorial affix from the Mauduit family, here in the 12th cent. Easton on the Hill Northants. Estone 1086 (DB). Affix from its situation on the brow of a hill. Easton Royal Wilts. Estone 1086 (DB). Affix from
OFrench roial ‘royal’ referring to its situation on the edge of an old royal forest. Easton, Ston Somerset . Estone 1086 (DB), Stonieston 1230. Affix from
OE stnig ‘stony’ referring to stony ground.
However some Eastons have a different origin, among them: Easton, Great &Easton, Little Essex . E(i)stanes 1086 (DB). Probably ‘stones by the island or well-watered land’.
OE g + stn.

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Eastrea Cambs. Estereie c.1020.

‘Eastern part of the island (of WHITTLESEY)’.
OE astor + g.

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Eastrington E. R. Yorks. Eastringatun 959, Estrincton 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of those living to the east (of HOWDEN)’.
OE astor + -inga- + tn.

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Eastry Kent . Eastorege 9th cent., Estrei 1086 (DB).

‘Eastern district or region’.
OE astor + g.

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Eastwell Leics. Estwelle 1086 (DB).

‘Eastern spring or stream’.
OE ast + wella.

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Eastwick Herts. Esteuuiche 1086 (DB).

‘East dwelling or (dairy) farm’.
OE ast + wc.

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Eastwood Essex . Estuuda 1086 (DB).

‘Eastern wood’.
OE ast + wudu.

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Eastwood Notts. Estewic (sic) 1086 (DB), Estweit 1165.

‘East clearing’.
OE ast + OScand. thveit.

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Eathorpe Warwicks. Ethorpe 1232.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet on the river’.
OE a + OScand. thorp.

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Eaton,

a common place-name with two different origins. Most are ‘farmstead by a river’, from
OE a + tn, among them: Eaton Ches., near Congleton . Yeiton c.1262. Eaton Norfolk . Ettune 1086 (DB). Eaton Notts. Etune 1086 (DB). Eaton Oxon. Eatun 9th cent., Eltune (sic) 1086 (DB). Eaton Shrops., near Bishop's Castle. Eton 1252. Eaton Shrops., near Ticklerton . Eton 1227. Eaton Bishop Heref. & Worcs. Etune 1086 (DB), Eton Episcopi 1316. Affix from its possession by the Bishop (
Latin episcopus) of Hereford. Eaton, Castle Wilts. Ettone 1086 (DB). The affix is found from the 15th cent. Eaton Constantine Shrops. Etune 1086 (DB), Eton Costentyn 1285. Manorial affix from the de Costentin family, here in the 13th cent. Eaton Hastings Oxon. Etone 1086 (DB), Eton Hastinges 1298. Manorial affix from the de Hastinges family, here in the 12th cent. Eaton Socon Cambs. Etone 1086 (DB). Affix from
OE scn ‘district with a right of jurisdiction’. Eaton upon Tern Shrops. Eton c.1223. On the River Tern, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘the strong one’.
However other Eatons have a different origin, ‘farmstead on dry ground in marsh, or on well-watered land’, from
OE g + tn, among them: Eaton Ches., near Tarporley . Eyton 1240. Eaton Leics. Aitona c.1125. Eaton Bray Beds. Eitone 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the Bray family, here in the 15th cent. Eaton, Little Derbys. Detton (sic) 1086 (DB), Little Eton 1392. Eaton, Long Derbys. Aitune 1086 (DB), Long Eyton 1288. Affix refers to length of village.

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Ebberston N. Yorks. Edbriztune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called adbeorht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ebbesbourne Wake Wilts. Eblesburna 826, Eblesborne 1086 (DB), Ebbeleburn Wak 1249.

Probably ‘stream of a man called Ebbel’.
OE pers. name + burna, with manorial affix from the Wake family, here in the 12th cent.

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Ebchester Durham . Ebbecestr 1230.

‘Roman fort of a man called Ebba or Ebbe’.
OE pers. name + ceaster.

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Ebrington Glos. Bristentune (sic) 1086 (DB), Edbrihttona 1155.

‘Farmstead of a man called adbeorht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ecchinswell Hants. Eccleswelle 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stream of a man called Eccel’.
OE pers. name + wella. Alternatively the first element may be
Celtic egls ‘Romano-British Christian church’.

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Eccles,

from
Celtic egls ‘Romano-British Christian church’; examples include: Eccles Gtr. Manch. Eccles c.1200. Eccles Kent . Æcclesse c.975, Aiglessa 1086 (DB).

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Ecclesfield S. Yorks. Eclesfeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land near a Romano-British Christian church’.
Celtic egls + OE feld.

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Eccleshall Staffs . Ecleshelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Eccleshale 1227.

‘Nook of land near a Romano-British Christian church’.
Celtic egls + OE halh.

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Eccleston,

‘farmstead by a Romano-British Christian church’,
Celtic egls + OE tn: Eccleston Ches. Eclestone 1086 (DB). Eccleston Lancs. Aycleton 1094. Eccleston Mersey . Ecclistona 1190. Eccleston, Great &Eccleston, Little Lancs. Eglestun 1086 (DB), Great Ecleston 1285, Parua Eccliston 1261.

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Eccup W. Yorks. Echope 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosed valley of a man called Ecca’.
OE pers. name + hop.

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Eckington,

‘estate associated with a man called Ecca or Ecci’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Eckington Derbys. Eccingtune c.1002, Eckintune 1086 (DB). Eckington Heref. & Worcs. Eccyncgtun 972, Aichintune 1086 (DB).

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Ecton Northants. Echentone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Ecca’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Edale Derbys. Aidele 1086 (DB).

‘Valley with an island or well-watered land’.
OE g + dæl.

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Edburton W. Sussex . Eadburgeton 12th cent.

‘Farmstead of a woman called adburh’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Edenbridge Kent . Eadelmesbregge c.1100.

‘Bridge of a man called adhelm’.
OE pers. name + brycg. The river-name Eden is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Eden, Castle Durham . Iodene c.1050.

Named from Eden Burn, a Celtic river-name meaning simply ‘water’ (with
OE burna ‘stream’). The later affix presumably refers to the 18th cent. mansion here.

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Edenfield Gtr. Manch. Aytounfeld 1324.

‘Open land by the island farmstead, or by the farmstead on well-watered land’.
OE g + tn + feld.

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Edenhall Cumbria . Edenhal 1159.

‘Nook of land by the River Eden’.
Celtic river-name (meaning simply ‘water’) + OE halh.

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Edenham Lincs. Edeneham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called ada’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Edensor Derbys. Edensoure 1086 (DB).

‘Sloping bank or ridge of a man called adin’.
OE pers. name + ofer.

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Edgbaston W. Mids. Celboldeston (sic) 1086 (DB), Egbaldestone 1184.

‘Farmstead of a man called Ecgbald’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Edgcott Bucks. Achecote 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘cottage(s) made of oak’.
OE cen + cot.

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Edge Shrops. Egge 1255.

‘(Place at) the edge or escarpment’.
OE ecg.

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Edgefield Norfolk . Edisfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land by an enclosure or enclosed park’.
OE edisc + feld.

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Edgmond Shrops. Edmendune (sic) 1086 (DB), Egmundun 1155.

‘Hill of a man called Ecgmund’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Edgton Shrops. Egedune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill of a man called Ecga’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Edgware Gtr. London . Ægces wer c.975.

‘Weir or fishing-enclosure of a man called Ecgi’.
OE pers. name + wer.

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Edgworth Lancs. Eggewrthe 1212.

Probably ‘enclosure on an edge or hillside’.
OE ecg + worth.

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Edingale Staffs . Ednunghale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of the family or followers of a man called adin’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + halh.

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Edingley Notts. Eddyngleia c.1180.

‘Woodland clearing associated with a man called Eddi’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + lah.

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Edingthorpe Norfolk . Ædidestorp 1177, Edinestorp (probably for Ediuestorp) 1198.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a woman called adgth’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Edington Somerset . Eduuintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called adwine or of a woman called adwynn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Edington Wilts. Ethandune late 9th cent., Edendone 1086 (DB).

‘Uncultivated hill’, or ‘hill of a man called tha’.
OE the (genitive -an) or OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Edith Weston Rutland ,

see WESTON.

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Edlesborough Bucks. Eddinberge (sic) 1086 (DB), Eduluesberga 1163.

‘Hill or barrow of a man called adwulf’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Edlingham Northum. Eadwulfincham c.1050.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called adwulf’, or ‘homestead at adwulf's place’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm.

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Edlington,

‘estate associated with a man called dla’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Edlington Lincs. Ellingetone (sic) 1086 (DB), Edlingtuna c.1115.

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Edlington S. Yorks. Ellintone (sic) 1086 (DB), Edelington 1194–9.

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Edmondsham Dorset. Amedesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called admd or admund’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Edmondthorpe Leics. Edmerestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called admr’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Edmonton Gtr. London . Adelmetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called adhelm’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Edstaston Shrops. Stanestune (sic) 1086 (DB), Edestaneston 1256.

‘Farmstead of a man called adstn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Edstone, Great N. Yorks . Micheledestun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called adin’.
OE pers. name + tn. Affix in the early form is
OE micel ‘great’.

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Edvin Loach Heref. & Worcs. Gedeuen 1086 (DB), Yedefen Loges 1242.

‘Fen or marshland of a man called Gedda’.
OE pers. name + fenn. Manorial affix from the de Loges family, here in the 13th cent.

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Edwalton Notts. Edvvoltone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called adweald’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Edwardstone Suffolk . Eduardestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called adweard’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Edwinstowe Notts. Edenestou 1086 (DB).

‘Holy place of St adwine’.
OE pers. name + stw.

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Effingham Surrey . Epingeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Effingeham 1180.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Effa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Egerton Kent . Eardingtun (sic) c.1100, Egarditon 1203.

‘Estate associated with a man called Ecgheard’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Egerton Green Ches. Eggerton 1259.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Ecghere’.
OE pers. name + tn. Green is added from the 18th cent.

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Eggborough, High &Eggborough, Low N. Yorks. Egeburg 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Ecga’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Egg Buckland Devon ,

see BUCKLAND.

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Eggington Beds. Ekendon 1195.

Probably ‘hill of a man called Ecca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Egginton Derbys. Ecgintune 1012, Eghintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ecga’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Egglescliffe Stock. on T. Eggascliff 1085.

Probably ‘cliff or bank near a Romano-British Christian church’.
Celtic egls + OE clif.

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Eggleston Durham . Egleston 1196.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Ecgel’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Egham Surrey . Egeham 933, 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Ecga’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Egleton Rutland . Egoluestun 1218.

‘Farmstead of a man called Ecgwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Eglingham Northum. Ecgwulfincham c.1050.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Ecgwulf’, or ‘homestead at Ecgwulf's place’.
OE pers. name + inga- or -ing + hm.

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Egloshayle Cornwall . Egloshail 1166.

‘Church on an estuary’.
Cornish eglos + heyl.

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Egloskerry Cornwall . Egloskery c.1145.

‘Church of St Keri’.
Cornish eglos + saint's name.

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Egmanton Notts. Agemuntone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Ecgmund’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Egremont Cumbria . Egremont c.1125.

‘Sharp-pointed hill’.
OFrench aigre + mont.

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Egton N. Yorks. Egetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Ecga’.
OE pers. name + tn. Egton Bridge is named from the 19th cent. railway bridge here.

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Elberton S. Glos. Eldbertone (sic) 1086 (DB), Albricton 1186.

‘Farmstead of a man called Æthelbeorht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Elburton Devon . Aliberton 1254.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Elcombe Wilts. Elecome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where elder-trees grow’, or ‘valley of a man called Ella’.
OE elle(n) or OE pers. name + cumb.

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Eldersfield Heref. & Worcs. Yldresfeld 972, Edresfelle (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the elder-tree, or of a man called Ealdhere’.
OE elle(n) or pers. name + feld.

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Eldwick W. Yorks. Helguic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Helgi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE wc.

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Eleigh, Brent &Eleigh, Monks Suffolk . Illanlege c.995, Illeleia 1086 (DB), Brendeylleye 1312, Monekesillegh 1304.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Illa’.
OE pers. name + lah. Affixes are from
ME brende ‘burnt, destroyed by fire’ and OE munuc ‘a monk’ (alluding to possession by St Paul's in London).

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Elford,

‘ford where elder-trees grow’, or ‘ford of a man called Ella’,
OE elle(n) or OE pers. name + ford: Elford Northum. Eleford 1256. Elford Staffs . Elleford 1002, Eleford 1086 (DB).

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Elham Kent . Alham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where eels are found’.
OE l + hm or hamm.

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Eling Hants. Edlinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called adla or Æthel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Elkesley Notts. Elchesleie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called alc’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Elkington, North &Elkington, South Lincs. Alchinton 1086 (DB), Northalkinton 12th cent., Sudhelkinton early 13th cent.

‘Estate associated with a man called alc’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Elkstone Glos. Elchestane 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called alc’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Elkstone, Lower &Elkstone, Upper Staffs . Elkesdon 1227.

‘Hill of a man called alc’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Ella, Kirk &Ella, West E. R. Yorks. Aluengi (sic) 1086 (DB), Kirk Elley 15th cent., Westeluelle 1305.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ælf(a)’.
OE pers. name + lah. Distinguishing affixes are from
OScand. kirkja ‘church’ and west.

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Elland W. Yorks. Elant 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land, or estate, by the river’.
OE a-land.

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Ellastone Staffs . Edelachestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called adlc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ellenhall Staffs . Linehalle (sic) 1086 (DB), Ælinhale c.1200.

Possibly ‘nook of land associated with a man called Ælle or Ella’, from
OE pers. name + -ing- + halh. Alternatively ‘nook (by the river) where flax is grown’, from
OE ln + halh with the later addition of a.

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Ellerbeck N. Yorks. Elrebec 1086 (DB).

‘Stream where alders grow’.
OScand. elri + bekkr.

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Ellerby N. Yorks. Elwordebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ælfweard’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Ellerdine Heath Shrops. Elleurdine 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Ella’.
OE pers. name + worthign, with the later addition of heath.

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Ellerker E. R. Yorks. Alrecher 1086 (DB).

‘Marsh where alders grow’.
OScand. elri + kjarr.

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Ellerton E. R. Yorks. Elreton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the alders’.
OScand. elri + OE tn.

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Ellerton Shrops. Athelarton 13th cent.

‘Farmstead of a man called Æthelheard’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ellesborough Bucks. Esenberge (sic) 1086 (DB), Eselbergh 1195.

Probably ‘hill where asses are pastured’.
OE esol + beorg.

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Ellesmere Shrops. Ellesmeles (sic) 1086 (DB), Ellismera 1177.

‘Lake or pool of a man called Elli’.
OE pers. name + mere.

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Ellesmere Port Ches. ,

a modern name, only in use since the early 19th cent., so called because the Ellesmere Canal (from the previous name) joins the Mersey here.

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Ellingham,

‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Ella’, or ‘homestead at Ella's place’,
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm: Ellingham Norfolk . Elincham 1086 (DB). Ellingham, Great &Ellingham, Little Norfolk . Elin(c)gham 1086 (DB), Magna Elingham, Parva Elingham 1242. Distinguishing affixes are
Latin magna ‘great’ and parva ‘little’. Ellingham Northum. Ellingeham c.1130. However the following contains a different pers. name: Ellingham Hants. Adelingeham 1086 (DB). ‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Æthel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Ellingstring N. Yorks. Elingestrengge 1198.

‘Water-course at the place where eels are caught’, or ‘water-course at the place associated with a man called Ella or Eli’.
OScand. strengr with either OE l, l + -ing or OE pers. name + -ing.

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Ellington,

‘farmstead at the place where eels are caught’, or ‘farmstead associated with a man called Ella or Eli’,
OE tn with either OE l, l + -ing or OE pers. name + -ing-: Ellington Cambs. Elintune 1086 (DB). Ellington Northum. Elingtona 1166. Ellington, High &Ellington, Low N. Yorks. Ellintone 1086 (DB).

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Ellisfield Hants. Esewelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Elsefeld 1167.

Probably ‘open land of a man called Ielfsa’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Ellough Suffolk . Elga 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the heathen temple’.
OScand. elgr.

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Elloughton E. R. Yorks. Elgendon 1086 (DB).

‘Hill with a heathen temple’, or ‘hill of a man called Helgi’.
OScand. elgr or pers. name + OE dn.

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Elm,

‘(place at) the elm-tree(s)’,
OE elm (dative plural elmum): Elm Cambs. Elm, Eolum 10th cent. Elm, Great Somerset. Telma 1086 (DB). T- in the early form is from the
OE preposition æt ‘at’.

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Elmbridge Heref. & Worcs. Elmerige 1086 (DB).

‘Ridge where elm-trees grow’.
OE elm, elmen + hrycg.

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Elmdon Essex . Elmenduna 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where elm-trees grow’.
OE elmen + dn.

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Elmdon W. Mids. Elmedone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the elm-trees’.
OE elm + dn.

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Elmesthorpe Leics. Ailmerestorp 1207.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Æthelmr’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Elmet (old district) W. Yorks ,

see BARWICK IN ELMET.

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Elmham,

‘homestead or village where elm-trees grow’,
OE elm, elmen + hm: Elmham, North Norfolk . Ælmham c.1035, Elmenham 1086 (DB). Elmham, South Norfolk . Almeham 1086 (DB). The parishes of All Saints, St James, St Margaret and St Michael South Elmham are named from the dedications of the churches. However the affix in St Cross South Elmham is from Sancroft 1254, ‘sandy enclosure’,
OE sand + croft.

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Elmley,

‘elm-tree wood or clearing’,
OE elm + lah: Elmley Castle Heref. & Worcs. Elmlege 780, Castel Elmeleye 1327. Affix from the former castle here. Elmley Lovett Heref. & Worcs. Ælmeleia 1086 (DB), Almeleye Lovet 1275. Manorial addition from the Lovett family, here in the 13th cent.

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Elmore Glos. Elmour 1176.

‘River-bank or ridge where elm-trees grow’.
OE elm + fer or ofer.

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Elmsall, North &Elmsall, South W. Yorks. Ermeshale (sic) 1086 (DB), North Elmesale 1320, Suthelmeshal 1230.

‘Nook of land by the elm-tree’.
OE elm + halh.

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Elmsett Suffolk . Ylmesæton c.995, Elmeseta 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the dwellers among the elm-trees’.
OE elme + ste.

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Elmstead Gtr. London . Elmsted 1320.

‘Place by the elm-trees’.
OE elm + stede.

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Elmstead Market Essex . Elmesteda 1086 (DB), Elmested Market 1475.

‘Place where elm-trees grow’.
OE elme or elmen + stede. Affix market from the important early market here.

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Elmsted Kent . Elmanstede 811.

‘Homestead by the elm-trees’.
OE elm + hm-stede.

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Elmstone Kent . Ailmereston 1203.

‘Farmstead of a man called Æthelmr’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Elmstone Hardwicke Glos. Almundestan 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called Alhmund’.
OE pers. name + stn. Hardwicke has been added from a nearby place, see HARDWICKE.

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Elmswell Suffolk . Elmeswella 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream where elm-trees grow’.
OE elm + wella.

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Elmton Derbys. Helmetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where elm-trees grow’.
OE elm, elmen + tn.

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Elsdon Northum. Eledene 1226.

Probably ‘valley of a man called El(l)i’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Elsenham Essex . Elsenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Elesa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Elsfield Oxon. Esefelde 1086 (DB), Elsefeld c.1130.

‘Open land of a man called Elesa’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Elsham N. Lincs. Elesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called El(l)i’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Elsing Norfolk . Helsinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Elesa’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Elslack N. Yorks. Eleslac 1086 (DB).

‘Stream or valley of a man called El(l)i’.
OE pers. name + lacu or OScand. slakki.

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Elstead Surrey . Helestede 1128.

‘Place where elder-trees grow’.
OE elle(n) + stede.

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Elsted W. Sussex . Halestede (sic) 1086 (DB), Ellesteda 1180.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Elston Notts. Elvestune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Eiláfr’.
OScand. pers. name + tn.

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Elstow Beds. Elnestou 1086 (DB).

‘Assembly place of a man called Ællen’.
OE pers. name + stw.

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Elstree Herts. Tithulfes treow 11th cent.

‘Boundary tree of a man called Tdwulf’.
OE pers. name + trow. Initial T-disappeared in the 13th cent. due to confusion with the preposition at.

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Elstronwick E. R. Yorks. Asteneuuic (sic) 1086 (DB), Elstanwik c.1265.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Ælfstn’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Elswick Lancs. Edelesuuic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Æthelsige’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Elsworth Cambs. Eleswurth 974, Elesuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called El(l)i’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Elterwater Cumbria . Heltewatra c.1160.

‘Lake frequented by swans’.
OScand. elptr + OE wæter.

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Eltham Gtr. London . Elteham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or river-meadow frequented by swans’, or ‘of a man called Elta’.
OE elfitu or OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Eltisley Cambs. Hecteslei (sic) 1086 (DB), Eltesle 1228.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Elti’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Elton,

sometimes probably ‘farmstead where eels are got’,
OE l + tn: Elton Ches., near Ellesmere Port. Eltone 1086 (DB). Elton Derbys. Eltune 1086 (DB). Elton Stock. on T. Eltun c.1090.
However other Eltons have a different origin: Elton Cambs. Æthelingtun 10th cent., Adelintune 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead of the princes’, or ‘farmstead associated with a man called Æthel’.
OE ætheling + tn, or OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Elton Heref. & Worcs. Elintune 1086 (DB). Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Ella’.
OE pers. name + tn. Elton Notts. Ailetone (sic) 1086 (DB), Elleton 1088. Probably identical with the previous name.

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Elvaston Derbys. Ælwoldestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Æthelweald’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Elveden Suffolk . Eluedena 1086 (DB).

‘Swan valley’ or ‘valley haunted by elves or fairies’.
OE elfitu or elf (genitive plural -a) + denu.

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Elvington York. Aluuintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Ælfwine or a woman called Ælfwynn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Elwick Hartlepl. Ailewic c.1150.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Ægla or Ella’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Elwick Northum. Ellewich 12th cent.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Ella’.

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Elworth Ches. Ellewrdth 1282.

‘Enclosure of a man called Ella’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Elworthy Somerset . Elwrde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Ella’.
OE pers. name + worth (later replaced by worthig).

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Ely Cambs. Elge 731, Elyg 1086 (DB).

‘District where eels are to be found’.
OE l, l + g.

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Emberton Bucks. Ambretone 1086 (DB), Emberdestone 1227.

‘Farmstead of a man called anbeorht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Embleton Cumbria . Emelton 1195.

‘Farmstead of a man called anbald’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Embleton Northum. Emlesdone 1212.

‘Hill infested by caterpillars’, or ‘hill of a man called Æmele’.
OE emel or OE pers. name + dn.

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Emborough Somerset . Amelberge (sic) 1086 (DB), Emeneberge 1200.

‘Flat-topped mound or hill’.
OE emn + beorg.

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Embsay N. Yorks. Embesie 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Embe’.
OE pers. name + hæg.

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Emley W. Yorks. Ameleie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Em(m)a’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Emmington Oxon. Amintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Eama’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Emneth Norfolk . Anemetha 1170.

Possibly ‘river-confluence of a man called ana’.
OE pers. name + (ge)mthe. Alternatively the second element may be
OE mth ‘mowing grass, meadow’.

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Empingham Rutland . Epingeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Empingeham 12th cent.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Empa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Empshott Hants. Hibesete (sic) 1086 (DB), Himbeset c.1170.

‘Corner of land frequented by swarms of bees’.
OE imbe + scat or scete.

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Emsworth Hants. Emeleswurth 1224.

‘Enclosure of a man called Æmele’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Enborne Berks. Aneborne (sic) 1086 (DB), Enedburn 1220.

‘Duck stream’.
OE ened + burna.

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Enderby Leics. Endrebie 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Eindrithi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Enderby, Bag, Mavis, & Wood Lincs. Andrebi, Endrebi 1086 (DB), Bagenderby 1291, Enderby Malbys 1302, Wodenderby 1198.

Probably identical in origin with the previous name. The affix Mavis is manorial, from the Malebisse family here in the 13th cent. Bag may also be a manorial affix, or from
OE bagga ‘bag’ in some topographical sense. Wood (from
OE wudu ‘wood’) indicates a situation in a once wooded area.

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Endon Staffs . Enedun 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called ana, or where lambs are reared’.
OE pers. name or OE an + dn.

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Enfield Gtr. London . Enefelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called ana, or where lambs are reared’.
OE pers. name or OE an + feld.

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Enford Wilts. Enedford 934, Enedforde 1086 (DB).

‘Duck ford’.
OE ened + ford.

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England Englaland c.890.

‘Land of the Angles’.
OE Engle (genitive plural Engla) ‘the Angles’ (i.e. the people from the Continental homeland of Angel in Schleswig) + land.

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Englefield Berks. Englafelda c.900, Englefel 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the Angles’.
OE Engle + feld.

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Englefield Green Surrey . Ingelfeld 1282.

Possibly ‘open land of a man called Ingel or Ingweald’.
OE pers. name + feld. Green is added from the 17th cent.

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English Bicknor Glos. ,

see BICKNOR.

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Englishcombe B. & NE. Som. Ingeliscuma 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of a man called Ingel or Ingweald’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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English Frankton Shrops. ,

see FRANKTON.

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Enham Alamein Hants. Eanham early 11th cent., Etham (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where lambs are reared’.
OE an + hm or hamm. Affix from 1945, commemorating the battle of El Alamein and referring to the centre for disabled ex-servicemen here. Formerly called Knight's Enham , Knyghtesenham 1389, from the knight's fee held here by Matthew de Columbers in the mid-13th cent.

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Enmore Somerset . Animere 1086 (DB).

‘Duck pool’.
OE ened + mere.

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Ennerdale Bridge Cumbria . Anenderdale c.1135, Eghnerdale 1321.

‘Valley of a man called Anundr’.
OScand. pers. name (genitive -ar) + dalr. Later the first element was replaced by the river-name Ehen (of obscure origin).

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Enstone Oxon. Henestan 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called Enna’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Enville Staffs . Efnefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Smooth or level open land’.
OE efn + feld.

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Epperstone Notts. Eprestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Eorphere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Epping Essex . Eppinges 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the people of the ridge used as a look-out place’.
OE yppe + -ingas.

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Eppleby N. Yorks. Aplebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where apple-trees grow’.
OE æppel or OScand. epli + bý.

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Epsom Surrey . Ebbesham c.973, Evesham (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Ebbe or Ebbi’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Epwell Oxon. Eoppan wyllan 956.

‘Spring or stream of a man called Eoppa’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Epworth N. Lincs. Epeurde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Eoppa’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Ercall, Child's &Ercall, High Shrops. Arcalun (sic), Archelov 1086 (DB), Childes Ercalewe, Magna Ercalewe 1327.

Possibly an old hill-name Earcaluw from
OE ar ‘gravel, mud’ and calu(w) ‘bare hill’, first applied to a settlement and then to a district (the two Ercalls are some 6 miles apart). Affixes are
OE cild ‘son of a noble family’ and
Latin magna ‘great’.

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Erdington W. Mids. Hardintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Earda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Eridge Green E. Sussex. Ernerigg 1202.

‘Ridge frequented by eagles’.
OE earn + hrycg.

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Eriswell Suffolk . Hereswella 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘spring or stream of a man called Here’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Erith Gtr. London . Earhyth c.960, Erhede 1086 (DB).

‘Muddy or gravelly landing place’.
OE ar + hth.

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Erlestoke Wilts. Erlestoke 12th cent.

‘Outlying farmstead belonging to the nobleman’.
OE eorl + stoc.

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Ermine Street (Roman road from London to the Humber) . Earninga stræt 955.

‘Roman road of the family or followers of a man called Earn(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + strt. No doubt originally applied to a stretch of the road near ARRINGTON (Cambs.) before the name was extended to the whole length. The name Ermine Street was later transferred to another Roman road, that from Silchester to Gloucester.

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Ermington Devon . Ermentona 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Earma’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Erpingham Norfolk . Erpingaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Eorp’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Erwarton Suffolk . Eurewardestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Eoforweard’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Eryholme N. Yorks. Argun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the shielings or summer pastures’.
OScand. erg in a dative plural form ergum.

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Escomb Durham . Ediscum 10th cent.

‘(Place at) the enclosed parks or pastures’.
OE edisc in a dative plural form.

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Escrick N. Yorks. Ascri (sic) 1086 (DB), Eskrik 1169.

‘Strip of land or narrow ridge where ash-trees grow’.
OScand. eski + OE ric.

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Esh Durham . Esse 12th cent.

‘(Place at) the ash-tree’.
OE æsc.

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Esher Surrey . Æscæron 1005, Aissele (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘District where ash-trees grow’.
OE æsc + scearu.

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Eshott Northum. Esseta 1187.

‘Clump of ash-trees’ from
OE æscet, or ‘corner of land growing with ash-trees’ from
OE æsc + scat.

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Esthton N. Yorks. Estune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the ash-tree(s)’.
OE æsc + tn.

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Eskdale Green Cumbria . Eskedal 1294.

‘Valley of the River Esk’.
Celtic river-name (meaning simply ‘the water’) + OScand. dalr.

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Esprick Lancs. Eskebrec c.1210.

‘Hill slope where ash-trees grow’.
OScand. eski + brekka.

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Essendine Rutland . Esindone (sic) 1086 (DB), Esenden 1230.

‘Valley of a man called sa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + denu.

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Essendon Herts. Eslingadene 11th cent.

‘Valley of the family or followers of a man called sla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + denu.

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Essex (the county) . East Seaxe late 9th cent., Exsessa 1086 (DB).

‘(Territory of) the East Saxons’.
OE ast + Seaxe.

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Essington Staffs . Esingetun 996, Eseningetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Esne’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Eston Red. & Cleve. Astun 1086 (DB).

‘East farmstead or village’.
OE ast + tn.

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Etal Northum. Ethale 1232.

Probably ‘nook of land used for grazing’.
OE ete + halh.

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Etchilhampton Wilts. Echesatingetone 1086 (DB), Ehelhamton 1196.

Possibly ‘farmstead of the dwellers at the oak-tree hill’.
OE c (genitive c) + hyll + hme (earlier ste) + tn.

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Etchingham E. Sussex. Hechingeham 1158.

‘Homestead or enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Ecci’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm or hamm.

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Eton Berks. Ettone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the river’.
OE a + tn.

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Etruria Staffs. ,

named from a house called Etruria Hall built by Josiah Wedgwood, who founded his famous pottery here in 1769, the allusion being to pottery from ancient Etruria (modern Tuscany).

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Ettington Warwicks. Etendone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill of a man called ata’,
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE eten ‘grazing, pasture’.

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Etton,

probably ‘farmstead of a man called ata’,
OE pers. name + tn: Etton Cambs. Ettona 1125–8. Etton E. R. Yorks. Ettone 1086 (DB).

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Etwall Derbys. Etewelle 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘spring or stream of a man called ata’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Euston Suffolk . Euestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Efe’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Euxton Lancs. Eueceston 1187.

‘Farmstead of a man called Æfic’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Evedon Lincs. Evedune 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Eafa’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Evenley Northants. Evelaia (sic) 1086 (DB), Euenlai 1147.

‘Level woodland clearing’.
OE efen + lah.

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Evenlode Glos. Euulangelade 772, Eunilade 1086 (DB).

‘Water-course or river-crossing of a man called Eowla’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + (ge)ld. The river-name Evenlode is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name; the old name of the river was Bladon, see BLADON and BLEDINGTON.

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Evenwood Durham . Efenwuda c.1050.

‘Level woodland’.
OE efen + wudu.

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Evercreech Somerset . Evorcric 1065, Evrecriz 1086 (DB).

Celtic crg ‘hill’ with an uncertain first element, possibly
OE eofor ‘wild boar’ or a Celtic word meaning ‘yew-tree’.

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Everdon, Great Northants. Eferdun 944, Everdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill frequented by wild boars’.
OE eofor + dn.

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Everingham E. R. Yorks. Yferingaham c.972, Evringham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Eofor’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Everleigh Wilts. Eburleagh 704.

‘Wood or clearing frequented by wild boars’.
OE eofor + lah.

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Everley N. Yorks. Eurelai 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Eversden, Great &Eversden, Little Cambs. Euresdone 1086 (DB), Everesdon Magna, Parva 1240.

‘Hill of the wild boar, or of a man called Eofor’.
OE eofor or OE pers. name + dn. Affixes are
Latin magna ‘great’, parva ‘little’.

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Eversholt Beds. Eureshot (sic) 1086 (DB), Euresholt 1185.

‘Wood of the wild boar’.
OE eofor + holt.

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Evershot Dorset. Teversict (sic) 1202, Evershet 1286.

Probably ‘corner of land frequented by wild boars’.
OE eofor + scat or scete. Initial T- in the first form may be from the preposition at.

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Eversley Hants. Euereslea c.1050, Evreslei 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing of the wild boar, or of a man called Eofor’.
OE eofor or OE pers. name + lah.

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Everton,

‘farmstead where wild boars are seen’,
OE eofor + tn: Everton Beds. Euretone 1086 (DB). Everton Mersey . Evretona 1094. Everton Notts. Evretone 1086 (DB).

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Evesham Heref. & Worcs. Eveshomme 709, Evesham 1086 (DB).

‘Land in a river-bend belonging to a man called of’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Evington Leics. Avintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Eafa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ewell Surrey . Euuelle 933, Etwelle (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the river-source’.
OE well.

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Ewell Minnis & Temple Ewell Kent . Æwille c.772, Ewelle 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name. The affix Minnis is from
OE mnnes ‘common land’, Temple alludes to possession by the Knights Templars from the 12th cent.

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Ewelme Oxon. Auuilme 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the river-source’.
OE welm.

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Ewen Glos. Awilme 931.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Ewerby Lincs. Ieresbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ívarr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Ewhurst Surrey . Iuherst 1179.

‘Yew-tree wooded hill’.
OE w + hyrst.

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Ewyas Harold Heref. & Worcs. Euwias c.1150, Euuiasharold 1176.

A Welsh name meaning ‘sheep district’. Affix from a nobleman called Harold who held the manor in the 11th cent.

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Exbourne Devon . Hechesburne (sic) 1086 (DB), Yekesburne 1242.

‘Stream of the cuckoo, or of a man called Gac’.
OE gac or OE pers. name + burna.

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Exbury Hants. Teocreberie (sic) 1086 (DB), Ykeresbirie 1196.

‘Fortified place of a man called Eohhere’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Exe, Nether &Exe, Up Devon . Niresse (sic), Ulpesse (sic) 1086 (DB), Nitherexe 1196, Uphexe 1238.

Named from the River Exe, a Celtic river-name meaning simply ‘the water’. Affixes are
OE neotherra ‘lower (down river)’ and upp ‘higher (up river)’.

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Exebridge Somerset . Exebrigge 1255.

‘Bridge over the River Exe’.
Celtic river-name + OE brycg.

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Exelby N. Yorks. Aschilebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Eskil’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Exeter Devon . Iska c.150, Exanceaster c.900, Execestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town on the River Exe’.
Celtic river-name (see EXE) + OE ceaster.

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Exford Somerset . Aisseford (sic) 1086 (DB), Exeford 1243.

‘Ford over the River Exe’.
Celtic river-name + OE ford.

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Exminster Devon . Exanmynster c.880, Esseminstre 1086 (DB).

‘Monastery by the River Exe’.
Celtic river-name + OE mynster.

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Exmoor Devon . Exemora 1204.

‘Moorland on the River Exe’.
Celtic river-name + OE mr.

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Exmouth Devon . Exanmutha c.1025.

‘Mouth of the River Exe’.
Celtic river-name + OE mtha.

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Exning Suffolk . Essellinge (sic) 1086 (DB), Exningis 1158.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Gyxen’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Exton Devon . Exton 1242.

‘Farmstead on the River Exe’.
Celtic river-name + OE tn.

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Exton Hants. East Seaxnatune 940, Essessentune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the East Saxons’.
OE astseaxe + tn.

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Exton Rutland . Exentune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead where oxen are kept’.
OE oxa (genitive plural exna) + tn.

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Exton Somerset . Exton 1216.

‘Farmstead on the River Exe’.
Celtic river-name + OE tn.

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Eyam Derbys. Aiune 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the islands, or the pieces of land between streams’.
OE g in a dative plural form gum.

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Eydon Northants. Egedone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Æga’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Eye,

‘(place at) the island, or well-watered land, or dry ground in marsh’,
OE g: Eye Cambs. Ege 10th cent. Eye Heref. & Worcs. Eia c.1175. Eye Suffolk . Eia 1086 (DB).

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Eyke Suffolk . Eik 1185.

‘(Place at) the oak-tree’.
OScand. eik.

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Eynesbury Cambs. Eanulfesbyrig c.1000, Einuluesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called anwulf’.
OE pers. name + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Eynsford Kent . Æinesford c.960.

‘Ford of a man called Ægen’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Eynsham Oxon. Egenes homme 864, Eglesham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosure or river-meadow of a man called Ægen’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Eype Dorset. Yepe 1365.

‘Steep place’.
OE gap.

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Eythorne Kent . Heagythethorne 9th cent.

‘Thorn-tree of a woman called Hahgth’.
OE pers. name + thorn.

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Eyton upon the Weald Moors Shrops. Etone 1086 (DB), Eyton super le Wildmore 1344.

‘Farmstead on dry ground in marsh, or on well-watered land’.
OE g + tn. The affix means ‘in the wild moorland’, from
OE wilde + mr.

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F

Faccombe Hants. Faccancumb 863, Facumbe 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Facca’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Faceby N. Yorks. Feizbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Feitr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Faddiley Ches. Fadilee c.1220.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Fad(d)a’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Fadmoor N. Yorks. Fademora 1086 (DB).

‘Moor of a man called Fad(d)a’.
OE pers. name + mr.

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Failsworth Gtr. Manch. Fayleswrthe 1212.

Possibly ‘enclosure with a special kind of fence’.
OE fgels + worth.

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Fairburn N. Yorks. Farenburne c.1030, Fareburne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream where ferns grow’.
OE fearn + burna.

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Fairfield Heref. & Worcs. Forfeld 817.

‘Open land where hogs are pastured’.
OE fr + feld.

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Fairford Glos. Fagranforda 862, Fareforde 1086 (DB).

‘Fair or clear ford’.
OE fæger + ford.

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Fairlight E. Sussex. Farleghe c.1175.

‘Woodland clearing where ferns grow’.
OE fearn + lah.

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Fairstead Essex . Fairstedam 1086 (DB).

‘Fair or pleasant place’.
OE fæger + stede.

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Fakenham,

‘homestead of a man called Facca’,
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm: Fakenham Norfolk . Fachenham 1086 (DB). Fakenham, Little Suffolk . Litla Fachenham 1086 (DB). Affix is
OE ltel ‘little’.

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Faldingworth Lincs. Falding(e)urde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure for folding livestock’.
OE falding + worth.

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Falfield S. Glos. Falefeld 1227.

‘Pale brown or fallow open land’.
OE fealu + feld.

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Falkenham Suffolk . Faltenham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of a man called Falta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Falmer E. Sussex. Falemere 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘fallow-coloured pool’.
OE fealu + mere.

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Falmouth Cornwall . Falemuth 1235.

‘Mouth of the River Fal’.
River-name (of uncertain origin and meaning) + OE mtha.

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Fambridge, North & Fambridge, South Essex . Fanbruge 1086 (DB), North Fambregg, Suthfambregg 1291.

‘Bridge by a fen or marsh’.
OE fenn + brycg.

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Fangdale Beck N. Yorks. Fangedala 12th cent.

‘Stream in the valley good for fishing’.
OScand. fang + dalr + bekkr.

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Fangfoss E. R. Yorks. Frangefos (sic) 1086 (DB), Fangefosse 12th cent.

Possibly ‘ditch used for fishing’.
OScand. fang + OE foss.

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Farcet Cambs. Faresheued 10th cent.

‘Bull's headland or hill’.
OE fearr + hafod.

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Far Cotton Northants. ,

see COTTON.

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Fareham Hants. Fearnham c.970, Fernham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead where ferns grow’.
OE fearn + hm.

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Farewell Staffs . Fagerwell 1200.

‘Pleasant spring or stream’.
OE fæger + wella.

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Faringdon, Farringdon,

‘fern-covered hill’,
OE fearn + dn: Faringdon Oxon. Færndunæ c.971, Ferendone 1086 (DB). Farringdon Devon . Ferhendone 1086 (DB). Farringdon Hants. Ferendone 1086 (DB).

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Farington Lancs. Farinton 1149.

‘Farmstead where ferns grow’.
OE fearn + tn.

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Farleigh,

‘woodland clearing growing with ferns’,
OE fearn + lah: Farleigh Gtr. London . Ferlega 1086 (DB). Farleigh, East & West Kent . Fearnlege 9th cent., Ferlaga 1086 (DB). Farleigh Hungerford Somerset . Fearnlæh 987, Ferlege 1086 (DB), Farlegh Hungerford 1404. Affix from the Hungerford family, here in the 14th cent. Farleigh, Monkton Wilts. Farnleghe 1001, Farlege 1086 (DB), Monekenefarlegh 1321. Affix means ‘of the monks’ from
OE munuc, alluding to a priory founded here in 1125. Farleigh Wallop Hants. Ferlege 1086 (DB). Affix from the Wallop family, here in the 14th cent.

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Farlesthorpe Lincs. Farlestorp 1190.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Faraldr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Farleton Cumbria . Farelton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Færela or Faraldr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Farley,

‘woodland clearing growing with ferns’,
OE fearn + lah; examples include: Farley Staffs . Fernelege 1086 (DB). Farley Wilts. Farlege 1086 (DB). Farley Hill Berks. Ferlega 1167.

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Farlington N. Yorks. Ferlintun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Færela’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Farlow Shrops. Ferlau 1086 (DB), Farnlawe 1222.

‘Fern-covered mound or hill’.
OE fearn + hlw.

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Farmborough B. & NE. Som. Fearnberngas (sic) 901, Ferenberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill(s) or mound(s) growing with ferns’.
OE fearn + beorg.

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Farmcote Glos. Fernecote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) among the ferns’.
OE fearn + cot.

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Farmington Glos. Tormentone (sic) 1086 (DB), Tormerton 1182.

Probably ‘farmstead near the pool where thorn-trees grow’.
OE thorn + mere + tn.

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Farnborough,

‘hill(s) or mound(s) growing with ferns’,
OE fearn + beorg: Farnborough Berks. Fearnbeorgan c.935, Fermeberge 1086 (DB). Farnborough Gtr. London . Ferenberga 1180. Farnborough Hants. Ferneberga 1086 (DB). Farnborough Warwicks. Feornebeorh c.1015, Ferneberge 1086 (DB).

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Farncombe Surrey . Fernecome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where ferns grow’.
OE fearn + cumb.

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Farndon,

‘hill growing with ferns’,
OE fearn + dn: Farndon Ches. Fearndune 924, Ferentone (sic) 1086 (DB). Farndon Notts. Farendune 1086 (DB). Farndon, East Northants. Ferendone 1086 (DB).

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Farne Islands Northum. Farne c.700.

Possibly a derivative of the OE word fearn ‘fern’, but perhaps more probably of Celtic origin.

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Farnham,

‘homestead or enclosure where ferns grow’,
OE fearn + hm or hamm: Farnham Dorset. Fernham 1086 (DB). Farnham Essex . Phernham 1086 (DB). Farnham N. Yorks. Farneham 1086 (DB). Farnham Suffolk . Farnham 1086 (DB). Farnham Surrey . Fernham c.686, Ferneham 1086 (DB). The second element of this name is probably
OE hamm in the sense ‘river-meadow’. Farnham Royal Bucks. Ferneham 1086 (DB), Fernham Riall 1477. Affix (from
OFrench roial) because it was held by the grand serjeanty of supporting the king's right arm at his coronation.

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Farningham Kent . Ferningeham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead of the dwellers among the ferns’.
OE fearn + -inga- + hm.

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Farnley,

‘woodland clearing growing with ferns’,
OE fearn + lah: Farnley N. Yorks. Fernleage c.1030, Fernelai 1086 (DB). Farnley W. Yorks. Fernelei 1086 (DB). Farnley Tyas W. Yorks. Fereleia (sic) 1086 (DB), Farnley Tyas 1322. Manorial affix from the family of le Tyeis, here in the 13th cent.

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Farnsfield Notts. Fearnesfeld 958, Farnesfeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land where ferns grow’.
OE fearn + feld.

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Farnworth,

‘enclosure where ferns grow’,
OE fearn + worth: Farnworth Ches. Farneword 1324. Farnworth Gtr. Manch. Farnewurd 1185.

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Farringdon,

see FARINGDON.

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Farrington Gurney B. & NE. Som. Ferentone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where ferns grow’.
OE fearn + tn. Manorial affix from the de Gurnay family, here in the 13th cent.

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Far Sawrey Cumbria ,

see SAWREY.

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Farsley W. Yorks. Ferselleia 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘clearing used for heifers’.
OE fers + lah.

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Farthinghoe Northants. Ferningeho 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill-spur of the dwellers among the ferns’.
OE fearn + -inga- + hh.

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Farthingstone Northants. Fordinestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Farthegn’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Farway Devon . Farewei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place at) the road way’.
OE fær + weg. Alternatively the first element may be
OE fr ‘danger’.

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Faulkbourne Essex . Falcheburna 1086 (DB).

‘Stream frequented by falcons’.
OE falca + burna.

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Faulkland Somerset . Fouklande 1243.

‘Folk-land’, i.e. ‘land held according to folk-right’.
OE folc-land.

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Faversham Kent . Fefresham 811, Faversham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of the smith’.
OE fæfer + hm.

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Fawkham Green Kent . Fealcnaham 10th cent., Fachesham (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Fealcna’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Fawler Oxon. Fauflor 1205.

‘Variegated floor’, i.e. ‘tessellated pavement’.
OE fg + flr.

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Fawley Berks. Faleslei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wood frequented by the fallow deer’.
OE fealu (used as noun) + lah.

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Fawley Bucks. Falelie 1086 (DB).

‘Fallow-coloured woodland clearing’, or ‘clearing with ploughed land’.
OE fealu or fealg + lah.

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Fawley Hants. Falegia, Falelei 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Fawley Chapel Heref. & Worcs. Falileiam 1142.

‘Woodland clearing where hay is made’.
OE fælethe + lah.

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Faxfleet E. R. Yorks. Faxflete 1190.

‘Stream of a man called Faxi’, or ‘stream near which coarse grass grows’.
OScand. pers. name or OE feax + flot.

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Fazeley Staffs . Faresleia c.1142.

‘Clearing used for bulls’.
OE fearr + lah.

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Fearby N. Yorks. Federbi 1086 (DB).

OScand. bý ‘farmstead, village’ with a doubtful first element, possibly
OE fether, OScand. fjthr ‘feather’ (perhaps referring to a place frequented by flocks of birds).

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Fearnhead Ches. Ferneheued 1292.

‘Fern-covered hill’.
OE fearn + hafod.

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Featherstone,

‘(place at) the four stones, i.e. a tetralith’,
OE feother- + stn: Featherstone Staffs . Feother(e)stan 10th cent., Ferdestan 1086 (DB). Featherstone W. Yorks. Fredestan 1086 (DB).

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Feckenham Heref. & Worcs. Feccanhom 804, Fecheham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure or water-meadow of a man called Fecca’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Feering Essex . Feringas 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Fra’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Feetham N. Yorks. Fytun 1242.

‘(Place at) the riverside meadows’.
OScand. fit in a dative plural form fitjum.

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Felbridge Surrey . Feltbruge 12th cent.

‘Bridge by the open land’.
OE feld + brycg.

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Felbrigg Norfolk . Felebruge 1086 (DB).

‘Bridge made of planks’.
OScand. fjl + OE brycg.

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Felixkirk N. Yorks. Felicekirke 13th cent.

‘Church dedicated to St Felix’.
Saint's name + OScand. kirkja.

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Felixstowe Suffolk . Filchestou 1254.

Probably ‘holy place or meeting place of a man called Filica’.
OE pers. name + stw. The pers. name was later associated with that of St Felix, first Bishop of East Anglia.

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Felling Tyne & Wear. Fellyng c.1220.

OE felling ‘woodland clearing’ or felging ‘fallow land’.

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Felmersham Beds. Falmeresham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure by a fallow-coloured pool, or of a man called Feolomr’.
OE fealu + mere or OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Felmingham Norfolk . Felmincham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Feolma’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Felpham W. Sussex . Felhhamm c.880, Falcheham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure with fallow land’.
OE felh + hamm.

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Felsham Suffolk . Fealsham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Fle’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Felsted Essex . Felstede 1086 (DB).

‘Open-land place’.
OE feld + stede.

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Feltham Gtr. London . Feltham 969, Felteham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure where mullein or a similar plant grows’.
OE felte + hm or hamm. Alternatively the first element may be
OE feld ‘open land’.

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Felthorpe Norfolk . Felethorp 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Fla’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Felton,

usually ‘farmstead or village in open country’,
OE feld + tn; examples include: Felton Heref. & Worcs. Felton 1086 (DB). Felton Northum. Feltona 1167. Felton Butler Shrops. Feltone 1086 (DB), Felton Butiler 13th cent. Manorial affix from the Buteler family, here in the 12th cent. Felton, West Shrops. Feltone 1086 (DB).

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Feltwell Norfolk . Feltuuella 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘spring or stream where mullein or a similar plant grows’.
OE felte + wella.

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Fenby, Ashby cum NE. Lincs. ,

see ASHBY.

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Fen Ditton Cambs. ,

see DITTON.

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Fen Drayton Cambs. ,

see DRAYTON.

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Fenham Northum., near Fenwick. Fennum c.1085.

‘(Place in) the fens’.
OE fenn in a dative plural form fennum.

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Feniton Devon . Finetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by Vine Water’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘boundary stream’) + OE tn.

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Fenny

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Fenny Bentley (Derbys.) see BENTLEY.

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Fenrother Northum. Finrode 1189.

‘Clearing by a mound or heap’.
OE fn + rother.

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Fenstanton Cambs. Stantun 1012, Stantone 1086 (DB), Fenstanton 1260.

‘Farmstead on stony ground in a marshy district’.
OE fenn + stn + tn.

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Fenton,

‘farmstead or village in a fen or marshland’,
OE fenn + tn; examples include: Fenton Cambs. Fentun 1236. Fenton Lincs., near Claypole . Fentun 1212. Fenton Lincs. , near Kettlethorpe. Fentuna c.1115. Fenton Staffs . Fentone 1086 (DB). Fenton, Church & Fenton, Little N. Yorks. Fentune 963, Fentun 1086 (DB), Kirkfenton 1338. Affix from
OE cirice, OScand. kirkja. Fenton Town Northum. Fenton 1242.

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Fenwick,

‘dwelling or (dairy) farm in a fen or marsh’,
OE fenn + wc: Fenwick Northum., near Kyloe . Fenwic 1208. Fenwick Northum., near Stamfordham . Fenwic 1242. Fenwick S. Yorks. Fenwic 1166.

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Feock Cornwall . Lanfioc 12th cent.

‘Church of St Fioc’. From the patron saint of the church, with
Cornish lann in the early form.

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Ferndown Dorset. Fyrne 1321.

OE fergen ‘wooded hill’ or fierne ‘ferny place’, with the later addition of dn ‘down, hill’.

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Fernham Oxon. Fernham 9th cent.

‘River-meadow where ferns grow’.
OE fearn + hamm.

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Fernhurst W. Sussex . Fernherst c.1200.

‘Fern-covered wooded hill’.
OE fearn + hyrst.

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Fernilee Derbys. Ferneley 12th cent.

‘Woodland clearing where ferns grow’.
OE fearn + lah.

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Ferrensby N. Yorks. Feresbi (sic) 1086 (DB), Feringesby 13th cent.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of the man from the Faroe Islands’.
OScand. færeyingr + bý.

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Ferriby, North (E. R. Yorks.) & Ferriby, South (N. Lincs.) Ferebi 1086 (DB), North Feribi 1284, Suthferebi c.1130.

‘Farmstead or village near the ferry’.
OScand. ferja + bý. North and South with reference to their situation on opposite banks of the Humber.

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Ferring W. Sussex . Ferring 765, Feringes 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Fra’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Ferrybridge W. Yorks. Ferie 1086 (DB), Ferybrig 1198.

‘Bridge by the ferry’.
OScand. ferja + OE brycg. The first bridge here across the River Aire was built in the late 12th cent.

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Ferryhill Durham . Feregenne 10th cent., Ferye on the Hill 1316.

OE fergen ‘wooded hill’, with the later addition of hyll ‘hill’.

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Fersfield Norfolk . Fersafeld c.1035, Ferseuella (sic) 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘open land where heifers graze’.
OE fers + feld.

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Fetcham Surrey . Fecham 10th cent., Feceham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village of a man called Fecca’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Fewston N. Yorks. Fostune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Fótr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Fiddington Glos. Fittingtun 1004, Fitentone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Fita’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Fiddington Somerset . Fitintone 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Fiddleford Dorset. Fitelford 1244.

‘Ford of a man called Fitela’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Field Staffs . Felda 1130.

‘(Place at) the open land’.
OE feld.

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Field Dalling Norfolk ,

see DALLING.

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Fifehead Magdalen & Fifehead, Neville Dorset. Fifhide 1086 (DB), Fifyde Maudaleyne 1388, Fyfhud Neuyle 1287.

‘(Estate of) five hides of land’.
OE ff + hd. Affix Magdalen from the dedication of the church, Neville from the de Nevill family, here in the 13th cent.

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Fifield,

‘(estate of) five hides of land’,
OE ff + hd: Fifield Berks. Fifhide 1316. Fifield Oxon. Fifhide 1086 (DB). Fifield Bavant Wilts. Fifhide 1086 (DB), Fiffehyde Beaufaunt 1436. Manorial affix from the de Bavent family, here in the 14th cent.

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Figheldean Wilts. Fisgledene (sic) 1086 (DB), Figelden 1227.

‘Valley of a man called Fygla’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Filby Norfolk . Filebey 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Fili or Fila’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. fili ‘planks’ (perhaps referring to a bridge or other structure).

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Filey N. Yorks. Fiuelac (sic) 1086 (DB), Fivelai 12th cent.

Possibly ‘promontory shaped like a sea monster’.
OE ffel + g. The allusion would be to Filey Brigg (
OScand. bryggja ‘jetty’), a ridge of rock, half a mile long, projecting into the sea. Alternatively ‘the five clearings’, from
OE ff + lah.

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Filgrave Bucks. Filegrave 1241.

‘Pit or grove of a man called Fygla’.
OE pers. name + græf or grf.

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Filkins Oxon. Filching 12th cent.

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family of followers of a man called Filica’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Filleigh Devon, near Barnstaple . Filelei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing where hay is made’.
OE filethe + lah.

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Fillingham Lincs. Figelingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Fygla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Fillongley Warwicks. Filingelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Fygla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Filton S. Glos. Filton 1187.

‘Farm or estate where hay is made’.
OE filethe + tn.

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Fimber E. R. Yorks. Fym(m)ara 12th cent.

‘Pool by a wood pile, or amidst the coarse grass’.
OE fn or finn + mere.

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Finborough Suffolk . Fineberga 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or mound frequented by woodpeckers’.
OE fna + beorg.

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Fincham Norfolk . P(h)incham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure frequented by finches’.
OE finc + hm or hamm.

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Finchampstead Berks. Finchamestede 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead frequented by finches’.
OE finc + hm-stede.

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Finchingfield Essex . Fincingefelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the family or followers of a man called Finc’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Finchley Gtr. London . Finchelee c.1208.

‘Woodland clearing frequented by finches’.
OE finc + lah.

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Findern Derbys. Findre 1086 (DB).

An obscure name, still not satisfactorily explained.

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Findon W. Sussex . Findune 1086 (DB).

‘Hill with a mound or heap of wood on it’.
OE fn + dn.

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Finedon Northants. Tingdene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where assemblies meet’.
OE thing + denu.

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Fingest Bucks. Tingeherst 12th cent.

‘Wooded hill where assemblies are held’.
OE thing + hyrst.

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Finghall N. Yorks. Finegala (sic) 1086 (DB), Finyngale 1157.

Probably ‘nook of land of the family or followers of a man called Fn(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + halh.

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Finglesham Kent . Thenglesham 832, Flengvessam (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of the prince, or of a man called Thengel’.
OE thengel or pers. name + hm.

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Fingringhoe Essex . Fingringaho 10th cent.

Possibly ‘hill-spur of the dwellers on the finger of land’.
OE finger + -inga- + hh.

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Finmere Oxon. Finemere 1086 (DB).

‘Pool frequented by woodpeckers’.
OE fna + mere.

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Finningham Suffolk . Finingaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Fn(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Finningley S. Yorks. Feniglei (sic) 1086 (DB), Feningelay 1175.

‘Woodland clearing of the dwellers in the fen’.
OE fenn + -inga- + lah.

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Finsbury Gtr. London . Finesbire 1235.

‘Manor of a man called Finn’.
OScand. pers. name + ME bury (from OE byrig, dative of burh).

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Finsthwaite Cumbria . Fynnesthwayt 1336.

‘Clearing of a man called Finn’.
OScand. pers. name + thveit.

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Finstock Oxon. Finestochia 12th cent.

‘Outlying farmstead frequented by woodpeckers’.
OE fna + stoc.

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Firbeck S. Yorks. Fritebec 12th cent.

‘Woodland stream’.
OE fyrhth + OScand. bekkr.

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Firle, West E. Sussex . Ferle 1086 (DB).

‘Place where oak-trees grow’.
OE fierel.

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Firsby Lincs., near Spilsby . Frisebi 1202.

‘Farmstead or village of the Frisians’.
OScand. Frísir (genitive Frísa) + bý.

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Fishbourne, Fishburn,

‘fish stream, stream where fish are caught’,
OE fisc + burna: Fishbourne I. of Wight. Fisseburne 1267. Fishbourne W. Sussex . Fiseborne 1086 (DB). Fishburn Durham . Fisseburne c.1190.

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Fishlake S. Yorks. Fiscelac 1086 (DB).

‘Fish stream’.
OE fisc + lacu.

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Fishtoft Lincs. Toft 1086 (DB).

OScand. toft ‘building site, curtilage’. The later addition Fish- may be a surname or indicate a connection with fishing.

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Fiskerton,

‘farmstead or village of the fishermen’,
OE fiscere (replaced by OScand. fiskari) + tn: Fiskerton Lincs. Fiskertuna 1060, Fiscartone 1086 (DB). Fiskerton Notts. Fiscertune 956, Fiscartune 1086 (DB).

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Fittleton Wilts. Viteletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Fitela’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Fittleworth W. Sussex . Fitelwurtha 1168.

‘Enclosure of a man called Fitela’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Fitz Shrops. Witesot (sic) 1086 (DB), Fittesho 1194.

‘Hill-spur of a man called Fitt’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Fitzhead Somerset . Fifhida 1065.

‘(Estate of) five hides’.
OE ff + hd.

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Fivehead Somerset . Fifhide 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Flackwell Heath Bucks. Flakewelle 1227.

Possibly ‘spring or stream of a man called Flæcca’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Fladbury Heref. & Worcs. Fledanburg late 7th cent., Fledebirie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold or manor house of a woman called Flde’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Flagg Derbys. Flagun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘place where turfs are cut’.
OScand. flag in a dative plural form flagum.

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Flamborough E. R. Yorks. Flaneburg 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Fleinn’.
OScand. pers. name + OE burh. Flamborough Head (from
OE hafod ‘headland’) is first recorded in the 14th cent.

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Flamstead Herts. Fleamstede 990, Flamestede 1086 (DB).

‘Place of refuge’.
OE flam + stede.

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Flansham W. Sussex . Flennesham 1220.

OE hm ‘homestead’ or hamm ‘enclosure’ with an obscure first element, probably a pers. name.

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Flasby N. Yorks. Flatebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Flatr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Flaunden Herts. Flawenden 13th cent.

Probably ‘flag-stone valley’.
OE flage + denu.

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Flawborough Notts. Flodberge (sic) 1086 (DB), Flouberge 12th cent.

‘Hill with stones’.
OE flh + beorg.

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Flawith N. Yorks. Flathwayth c.1190.

Possibly ‘ford of the female troll or witch’.
OScand. flagth + vath. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. flatha ‘flat meadow’ or OE fleathe ‘water-lily’.

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Flaxby N. Yorks. Flatesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Flatr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Flaxley Glos. Flaxlea 1163.

‘Clearing where flax is grown’.
OE fleax + lah.

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Flaxton N. Yorks. Flaxtune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where flax is grown’.
OE fleax + tn.

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Fleckney Leics. Flechenie 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘well-watered land of a man called Flecca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Flecknoe Warwicks. Flechenho 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘hill-spur of a man called Flecca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hh.

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Fleet,

‘(place at) the stream, pool, or creek’,
OE flot; examples include: Fleet Hants. Flete 1313. Fleet Lincs. Fleot 1086 (DB).

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Fleetwood Lancs. ,

a modern name, from Sir Peter Fleetwood who laid out the town in 1836.

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Flempton Suffolk . Flemingtuna 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of the Flemings (people from Flanders)’.
OE Fleming + tn.

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Fletching E. Sussex. Flescinge(s) 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Flecci’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Fletton, Old Cambs . Fletun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on a stream’.
OE flot + tn.

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Flimby Cumbria . Flemyngeby 12th cent.

‘Farmstead or village of the Flemings (people from Flanders)’.
OScand. Flmingr + bý.

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Flintham Notts. Flintham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Flinta’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Flinton E. R. Yorks. Flintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where flints are found’.
OE flint + tn.

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Flitcham Norfolk . Flicham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village where flitches of bacon are produced’.
OE flicce + hm.

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Flitton Beds. Flittan c.985, Flictham (sic) 1086 (DB).

Obscure in origin and meaning.

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Flitwick Beds. Flicteuuiche 1086 (DB).

OE wc ‘dwelling, (dairy) farm’ with an uncertain first element.

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Flixborough N. Lincs. Flichesburg 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Flík’.
OScand. pers. name + OE burh.

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Flixton,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Flík’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Flixton Gtr. Manch. Flixton 1177. Flixton N. Yorks. Fleustone (sic) 1086 (DB), Flixtona 12th cent. Flixton Suffolk, near Bungay . Flixtuna 1086 (DB).

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Flockton W. Yorks. Flochetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Flóki’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Flodden Northum. Floddoun 1517.

Possibly ‘hill with stones’.
OE flh + dn.

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Flookburgh Cumbria . Flokeburg 1246.

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Flóki’.
OScand. pers. name + OE burh.

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Flordon Norfolk . Florenduna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill with a floor or pavement’.
OE flre + dn.

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Flore Northants. Flore 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the floor’, probably with reference to a lost tessellated pavement.
OE flr(e).

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Flotterton Northum. Flotweyton 12th cent.

Possibly ‘farmstead by the road liable to flood’.
OE flot + weg + tn.

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Flowton Suffolk . Flochetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Flóki’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Flushing Cornwall . Recorded from 1698,

so named after the port of Flushing (Vlissingen) in Holland, probably because it was founded by Dutch settlers.

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Flyford Flavell Heref. & Worcs. Fleferth 10th cent.

OE fyrhth ‘sparse woodland’ with an uncertain first element. The affix Flavell is simply a Normanized form of Flyford, added to distinguish this place from GRAFTON FLYFORD.

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Fobbing Essex . Phobinge 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Fobba’, or ‘Fobba's place’.
OE pers. name + -ingas or -ing.

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Fockerby N. Lincs. Fulcwardby 12th cent.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Folcward’.
OGerman pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Foggathorpe E. R. Yorks. Fulcartorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Folcward’.
OGerman pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Foleshill W. Mids. Focheshelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Folkeshulla 12th cent.

‘Hill of the people’, or ‘hill of a man called Folc’.
OE folc or OE pers. name + hyll.

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Folke Dorset. Folk 1244.

‘(Land held by) the people’.
OE folc.

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Folkestone Kent . Folcanstan c.697, Fulchestan 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stone (marking a hundred meeting-place) of a man called Folca’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Folkingham Lincs. Folchingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Folc(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Folkington E. Sussex. Fochintone (sic) 1086 (DB), Folkintone c.1150.

‘Estate associated with a man called Folc(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Folksworth Cambs. Folchesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Folc’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Folkton N. Yorks. Fulcheton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Folki or Folca’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + tn.

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Follifoot N. Yorks. Pholifet 12th cent.

‘(Place of) the horse-fighting’ (alluding to a Viking sport).
OE fola + feoht.

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Fonthill Bishop & Fonthill Gifford Wilts. Funtial 901, Fontel 1086 (DB), Fontel Episcopi, Fontel Giffard 1291.

Possibly a Celtic river-name (meaning ‘stream in fertile upland’). Manorial affixes from possession by the Bishop (
Latin episcopus) of Winchester and the Gifard family at the time of Domesday.

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Fontmell Magna Dorset. Funtemel 877, Fontemale 1086 (DB), Magnam Funtemell 1391.

Originally a
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘stream by the bare hill’). Affix is
Latin magna ‘great’.

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Foolow Derbys. Foulowe 1269.

Probably ‘hill frequented by birds’.
OE fugol + hlw.

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Foots Cray Gtr. London ,

see CRAY.

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Forcett N. Yorks. Forset 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘fold by a ford’.
OE ford + set.

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Ford,

a common name, ‘(place by) the ford’, from
OE ford; examples include: Ford Northum. Forda 1224. Ford Shrops. Forde 1086 (DB). Ford W. Sussex . Fordes c.1194. In this name the form was originally plural.

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Fordham,

‘homestead or enclosure by a ford’,
OE ford + hm or hamm: Fordham Cambs. Fordham 10th cent., Fordeham 1086 (DB). Fordham Essex . Fordeham 1086 (DB). Fordham Norfolk . Fordham 1086 (DB).

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Fordingbridge Hants. Fordingebrige 1086 (DB).

‘Bridge of the people living by the ford’.
OE ford + -inga- + brycg.

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Fordon E. R. Yorks. Fordun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place) in front of the hill’.
OE fore + dn.

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Fordwich Kent . Fordeuuicum 675, Forewic (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Trading settlement at the ford’.
OE ford + wc.

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Foreland, North Kent . Forland 1326.

‘Promontory’,
OE fore + land. South Foreland near Dover has the same origin.

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Foremark Derbys. Fornewerche 1086 (DB).

‘Old fortification’.
OScand. forn + verk.

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Forest Hill Oxon. Fostel (sic) 1086 (DB), Forsthulle 1122.

‘Hill with a ridge’.
OE forst + hyll.

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Forest Row E. Sussex. Forstrowe 1467.

‘Row (of trees or houses) in ASHDOWN FOREST’.
ME forest + row.

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Formby Mersey . Fornebei 1086 (DB).

‘Old farmstead’, or ‘farmstead of a man called Forni’.
OScand. forn or OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Forncett St Mary & Forncett St Peter Norfolk . Fornesseta 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or fold of a man called Forni’.
OScand. pers. name + OE (ge)set. Affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Fornham All Saints & St Martin Suffolk . Fornham 1086 (DB), Fornham Omnium Sanctorum, Fornham Sancti Martini 1254.

‘Homestead or village where trout are caught’.
OE forne + hm. Affixes from the church dedications.

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Forsbrook Staffs . Fotesbroc 1086 (DB).

‘Brook of a man called Fótr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE brc.

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Forston Dorset. Fosardeston 1236.

‘Estate of the Forsard family’.
ME toun. This family was here from the early 13th cent.

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Forthampton Glos. Forhelmentone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Forthhelm’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Forton,

‘farmstead or village by a ford’,
OE ford + tn: Forton Hants. Forton 1312. Forton Lancs. Fortune 1086 (DB). Forton Shrops. Fordune (sic) 1086 (DB), Forton 1240. Forton Staffs . Forton 1198.

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Fosbury Wilts., near Tidcombe . Fostesberge 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of the ridge’.
OE forst + burh (dative byrig).

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Fosdyke Lincs. Fotesdic 1183.

‘Ditch of a man called Fótr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE dc.

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Fosse Way (Roman road from Lincoln to Bath) . Foss 8th cent.

From
OE foss ‘ditch’, so called from its having had a prominent ditch on either side.

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Foston,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Fótr’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Foston Derbys. Fostun 12th cent. Recorded as Farulveston 1086 (DB), ‘farmstead of a man called Farulfr’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn. Foston Lincs. Foztun 1086 (DB). Foston N. Yorks. Fostun 1086 (DB). Foston on the Wolds E. R. Yorks. Fodstone 1086 (DB), Foston on le Wolde 1609. For the affix, see WOLDS.

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Fotherby Lincs. Fodrebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Fótr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Fotheringhay Northants. Fodringeia 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘island or well-watered land used for grazing’.
OE fdring + g.

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Foulden Norfolk . Fugalduna 1086 (DB).

‘Hill frequented by birds’.
OE fugol + dn.

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Foulness Essex . Fughelnesse 1215.

‘Promontory frequented by birds’.
OE fugol + næss.

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Foulridge Lancs. Folric 1219.

‘Ridge where foals graze’.
OE fola + hrycg.

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Foulsham Norfolk . Folsham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Fugol’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Fountains Abbey N. Yorks. Fonteyns 1275.

‘The fountains or springs’, from
OFrench fontein, referring to the six springs within the 12th cent. abbey site.

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Four Marks Hants. Fowremerkes 1548.

From
OE mearc ‘boundary’, so called because the boundaries of four ancient parishes meet here.

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Fourstones Northum. Fourstanys 1236.

‘Four stones’, here describing a tetralith.
OE fower + stn.

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Fovant Wilts. Fobbefunte 901, Febefonte (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Spring of a man called Fobba’.
OE pers. name + funta.

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Fowey Cornwall . Fawi c.1223.

Named from the River Fowey, a Cornish name probably meaning ‘beech-tree river’.

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Fowlmere Cambs. Fuglemære 1086 (DB).

‘Mere or lake frequented by birds’.
OE fugol + mere.

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Fownhope Heref. & Worcs. Hope 1086 (DB), Faghehope 1242.

OE hop ‘small enclosed valley’ with the later addition of fg (dative fgan) ‘variegated, multicoloured’.

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Foxearth Essex . Focsearde 1086 (DB).

‘The fox's earth, the fox-hole’.
OE fox + eorthe.

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Foxham Wilts. Foxham 1065.

‘Homestead or enclosure where foxes are seen’.
OE fox + hm or hamm.

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Foxholes N. Yorks. Fox(o)hole 1086 (DB).

‘The fox-hole(s), the fox's earth(s)’.
OE fox-hol.

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Foxley,

‘woodland clearing frequented by foxes’,
OE fox + lah: Foxley Norfolk . Foxle 1086 (DB). Foxley Wilts. Foxelege 1086 (DB).

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Foxt Staffs . Foxwiss 1176.

‘The fox's den’.
OE fox + wist.

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Foxton,

usually ‘farmstead where foxes are often seen’,
OE fox + tn: Foxton Cambs. Foxetune 1086 (DB). Foxton Leics. Foxtone 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different second element: Foxton Durham . Foxedene c.1170. ‘Valley frequented by foxes’.
OE fox + denu.

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Foxwist Green Ches. Foxwyste 1475.

‘The fox's den’.
OE fox + wist, with Green added from the 19th cent.

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Foy Heref. & Worcs. Lann Timoi c.1150.

‘(Church of) St Moi’. From the patron saint of the church, originally with Welsh llan ‘church’.

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Fradswell Staffs . Frodeswelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Frd’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Fraisthorpe E. R. Yorks. Frestintorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Freistingr or Freysteinn’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Framfield E. Sussex. Framelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Fremefeld 1257.

‘Open land of a man called Frem(m)a or Fremi’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Framilode Glos. Framilade 1086 (DB).

‘Crossing over the River Frome’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘fair, fine’) + OE geld.

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Framingham Earl & Framingham Pigot Norfolk . Framingaham 1086 (DB), Framelingham Comitis, Framelingham Picot 1254.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Fram’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm. Manorial affixes from early possession by the Earl of Norfolk (
Latin comitis ‘of the earl’) and by the Picot family.

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Framlingham Suffolk . Fram(e)lingaham 1086 (DB)

. ‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Framela’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Framlington, Long Northum. Fremelintun 1166.

‘Estate associated with a man called Framela’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Affix from the length of the village.

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Frampton,

usually ‘farmstead or village on the River Frome’ (of which there are several),
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘fair, fine’) + OE tn: Frampton Dorset . Frantone 1086 (DB). Frampton Cotterell S. Glos. Frantone 1086 (DB), Frampton Cotell 1257. Manorial affix from the Cotel family, here in the 12th cent. Frampton Mansell Glos. Frantone 1086 (DB), Frompton Maunsel 1368. Manorial affix from the Maunsel family, here in the 13th cent. Frampton on Severn Glos. Frantone 1086 (DB), Fromton upon Severne 1311.
However the following has a different origin: Frampton Lincs. Franetone 1086 (DB). Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Fráni’.
OScand. pers. name + tn.

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Framsden Suffolk . Framesdena 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Fram’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Framwellgate Moor Durham . Framwelgat 1352.

‘Street by the strongly gushing spring’.
OE fram + wella + OScand. gata.

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Franche Heref. & Worcs. Frenesse 1086 (DB).

‘Ash-tree of a man called Fra’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + æsc.

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Frankby Mersey . Frankeby 13th cent.

‘Farm belonging to a Frenchman or to a man called Franki’.
OE Franca or OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Frankley Heref. & Worcs. Franchelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Franca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Frankton,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Franca’,
OE pers. name + tn: Frankton Warwicks. Franchetone 1086 (DB). Frankton, English & Franktone, Welsh Shrops. Franchetone 1086 (DB), Englyshe Frankton, Welsch Francton 1577. The distinguishing affixes are self-explanatory, Welsh Frankton being some five miles nearer to the Welsh border.

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Fransham Norfolk . Frandesham 1086 (DB).

OE hm ‘homestead’ or hamm ‘enclosure’ with a pers. name of uncertain form.

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Frant E. Sussex. Fyrnthan 956.

‘Place overgrown with fern or bracken’.
OE fiernthe.

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Frating Green Essex . Fretinge c.1060, Fratinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Frt(a)’, or ‘Frt(a)'s place’.
OE pers. name + -ingas or -ing.

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Fratton Hants. Frodin(c)gtune 982, Frodinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Frda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Freckenham Suffolk . Frekeham 895, Frakenaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Freca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Freckleton Lancs. Frecheltun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Frecla’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Freeby Leics. Fredebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Fræthi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Freethorpe Norfolk . Frietorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Fræthi’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Freiston Lincs., near Boston . Fristune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the Frisians’.
OE Frsa + tn.

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Fremington,

‘estate associated with a man called Fremi or Frem(m)a’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Fremington Devon . Framintone 1086 (DB). Fremington N. Yorks. Fremington 1086 (DB).

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Frensham Surrey . Fermesham 10th cent.

‘Homestead or village of a man called Fremi’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Freshfield Mersey. ,

a recent name, apparently called after a man named Fresh who reclaimed the land after encroachment by sand.

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Freshford B. & NE. Som. Ferscesford c.1000.

‘Ford over the freshwater stream’.
OE fersc ‘fresh’ (here used as a noun) + ford.

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Freshwater I. of Wight. Frescewatre 1086 (DB).

‘River with fresh water’.
OE fersc + wæter.

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Fressingfield Suffolk . Fessefelda (sic) 1086 (DB), Frisingefeld 1185.

Possibly ‘open land of the family or followers of a man called Frsa (‘the Frisian’)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Freston (Suffolk) . Fresantun 1000–2, Fresetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the Frisian’.
OE Frsa + tn.

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Frettenham Norfolk . Fretham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Frta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Fridaythorpe E. R. Yorks. Fridagstorp 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Frgedæg’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Friern Barnet Gtr. London ,

see BARNET.

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Frilford Oxon. Frieliford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Frithela’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Frilsham Berks. Frilesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Frithel’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Frimley Surrey . Fremle 1203.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Frem(m)a’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Frindsbury Kent . Freondesberiam 764, Frandesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Frond’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Fring Norfolk . Frainghes 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Fra’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Fringford Oxon. Feringeford 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford of the family or followers of a man called Fra’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + ford.

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Frinsted Kent . Fredenestede 1086 (DB).

‘Place of protection’.
OE frithen + stede.

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Frinton on Sea Essex . Frientuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Fritha’, or ‘protected farmstead’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) or OE frithen + tn.

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Frisby on the Wreake Leics. Frisebie 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the Frisians’.
OScand. Frísir (genitive Frísa) + bý. Wreake is an
OScand. river-name meaning ‘twisted, winding’.

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Friskney Lincs. Frischenei 1086 (DB).

‘River with fresh water’.
OE fersc (dative -an, with Scand. -sk-) + a.

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Friston E. Sussex. Friston 1200.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Fro’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Friston Suffolk . Frisetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the Frisians’.
OE Frsa + tn.

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Fritham Hants. Friham 1212.

Probably ‘enclosure in sparse woodland’.
OE fyrhth + hamm.

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Frithelstock Devon . Fredeletestoc 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead of a man called Frithulc’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Frithville Lincs. Le Frith 1331.

OE fyrhth ‘sparse woodland’ with the later addition of -ville (from French ville ‘village, town’).

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Frittenden Kent . Friththingden 9th cent.

‘Woodland pasture associated with a man called Frith’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + denn.

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Fritton,

‘farmstead offering safety or protection’, or ‘farmstead of a man called Frithi’,
OE frith or OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Fritton Norfolk, near Gorleston . Fridetuna 1086 (DB). Fritton Norfolk, near Morningthorpe . Fridetuna 1086 (DB).

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Fritwell Oxon. Fertwelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring used for divination’.
OE freht + wella.

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Frizington Cumbria . Frisingaton c.1160.

Probably ‘estate of the family or followers of a man called Frsa (‘the Frisian’)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Frocester Glos. Frowecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town on the River Frome’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘fair, fine’) + OE ceaster.

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Frodesley Shrops. Frodeslege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Frd’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Frodingham,

‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Frd(a)’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm: Frodingham N. Lincs., near Scunthorpe . Frodingham 12th cent. Frodingham, North E. R. Yorks. Frotingham 1086 (DB), North Frothyngham 1297.

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Frodsham Ches. Frotesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or promontory of a man called Frd’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Frogmore,

usually ‘pool frequented by frogs’,
OE frogga + mere; for example Frogmore Hants. Frogmore 1294.

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Frome,

named from the River Frome (of which there are several), a
Celtic river-name meaning ‘fair, fine, brisk’: Frome Somerset . Froom 8th cent. Frome, Bishop's , Canon , & Castle Heref. & Worcs. Frome 1086 (DB), Frume al Evesk 1252, Froma Canonicorum, Froma Castri 1242. Affixes ‘Bishop's’ (
OFrench eveske) and ‘Canon’ (
Latin Canonicorum ‘of the canons’) refer to possession by the Bishop of Hereford and the canons of Lanthony in medieval times, ‘Castle’ refers to a Norman castle. Frome St Quintin Dorset. Litelfrome 1086 (DB), Fromequintin 1288. At first called ‘little’ (
OE ltel) to distinguish it from other manors on the same river, later given a manorial affix from the St Quintin family, here in the 13th cent.

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Frostenden Suffolk . Froxedena 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley frequented by frogs’.
OE frosc + denu.

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Frosterley Durham . Forsterlegh 1239.

‘Woodland clearing or pasture of the forester’.
ME forester + OE lah.

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Froxfield,

‘open land frequented by frogs’,
OE frosc + feld: Froxfield Wilts. Forscanfeld 9th cent. Froxfield Green Hants. Froxafelda 10th cent.

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Fryerning Essex . Inga 1086 (DB), Friering 1469.

Originally ‘(settlement of) the people of the district’.
OE g + -ingas. Later distinguished from other manors so called by the affix Freren- ‘of the brethren’ (from
ME frere) referring to possession by the Knights Hospitallers in the 12th cent.

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Fryston, Monk N. Yorks . Fristun c.1030, Munechesfryston 1166.

‘Farmstead of the Frisians’.
OE Frsa + tn. Affix from
OE munuc ‘monk’ referring to possession by Selby Abbey in the 11th cent.

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Fryton N. Yorks. Frideton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead offering safety or protection’, or ‘farmstead of a man called Frithi’.
OE frith or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Fulbeck Lincs. Fulebec 1086 (DB).

‘Foul or dirty stream’.
OE fl + OScand. bekkr.

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Fulbourn Cambs. Fuulburne c.1050, Fuleberne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream frequented by birds’.
OE fugol + burna.

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Fulbrook Oxon. Fulebroc 1086 (DB).

‘Foul or dirty brook’.
OE fl + brc.

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Fulford,

‘foul or dirty ford’,
OE fl + ford: Fulford Somerset . Fuleforde 1327. Fulford Staffs . Fuleford 1086 (DB). Fulford York. Fuleford 1086 (DB).

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Fulham Gtr. London . Fulanham c.705, Fuleham 1086 (DB).

‘Land in a river-bend of a man called Fulla’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Fulking W. Sussex . Fochinges (sic) 1086 (DB), Folkinges c.1100.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Folca’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Fullerton Hants. Fugelerestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the fowlers or bird-catchers’.
OE fuglere + tn.

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Fulletby Lincs. Fullobi 1086 (DB).

OScand. bý ‘farmstead, village’ with an obscure first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Full Sutton E. R. Yorks. ,

see SUTTON.

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Fulmer Bucks. Fugelmere 1198.

‘Mere or lake frequented by birds’.
OE fugol + mere.

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Fulmodeston Norfolk . Fulmotestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Fulcmod’.
OGerman pers. name + tn.

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Fulnetby Lincs. Fulnedebi 1086 (DB).

OScand. bý ‘farmstead, village’ with an uncertain first element, possibly
OScand. full-nautr ‘one who has a full share’.

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Fulstow Lincs. Fugelestou 1086 (DB).

‘Holy place or meeting place of a man called Fugol’.
OE pers. name + stw. Alternatively the first element may be
OE fugol ‘bird’, hence ‘place where birds abound’.

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Fulwell Tyne & Wear. Fulewella 12th cent.

‘Foul or dirty spring or stream’.
OE fl + wella.

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Fulwood,

‘foul or dirty wood’,
OE fl + wudu: Fulwood Lancs. Fulewde 1199. Fulwood Notts. Folewode 13th cent.

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Funtington W. Sussex . Fundintune 12th cent.

Possibly ‘farmstead at the place with a spring’.
OE funta + -ing + tn.

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Furness (old district) Cumbria ,

see BARROW IN FURNESS.

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Furneux Pelham Herts. ,

see PELHAM.

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Fyfield,

‘(estate of) five hides of land’,
OE ff + hd: Fyfield Essex . Fifhidam 1086 (DB). Fyfield Glos. Fishide 12th cent. Fyfield Hants. Fifhidon 975, Fifhide 1086 (DB). Fyfield Oxon. Fif Hidum 956, Fivehide 1086 (DB). Fyfield Wilts. Fifhide 1086 (DB).

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Fylde, The (district) Lancs. ,

see POULTON-LE-FYLDE.

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G

Gaddesby Leics. Gadesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Gaddr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. gaddr ‘spur of land’.

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Gaddesden, Great & Gaddesden, Little Herts. Gætesdene 10th cent., Gatesdene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Gte(n)’.
OE pers. name + denu. The river-name Gade is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Gagingwell Oxon. Gadelingwelle c.1173.

‘Spring or stream of the kinsmen or companions’.
OE gædeling + wella.

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Gailey Staffs . Gageleage c.1002, Gragelie (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where bog-myrtle grows’.
OE gagel + lah.

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Gainford Durham . Geg(e)nforda c.1040.

‘Direct ford’, i.e. ‘ford on a direct route’.
OE gegn + ford.

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Gainsborough Lincs. Gainesburg 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Gegn’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Gaisgill Cumbria . Gasegille 1310.

‘Ravine frequented by wild geese’.
OScand. gás + gil.

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Galgate Lancs. Galwaithegate c.1190.

Possibly ‘(place by) the Galloway road’, i.e. ‘the road used by cattle drovers from Galloway’.
Scottish place-name (meaning ‘territory of the stranger-Gaels’) + OScand. gata.

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Galhampton, Galmpton,

‘farmstead of rent-paying peasants’,
OE gafol-mann + tn: Galhampton Somerset . Galmeton 1199. Galmpton Devon, near Brixham . Galmentone 1086 (DB). Galmpton Devon, near Salcombe . Walementone 1086 (DB).

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Galphay N. Yorks. Galghagh 12th cent.

‘Enclosure where a gallows stands’.
OE galga + haga.

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Gamblesby Cumbria . Gamelesbi 1177.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Gamall’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Gamlingay Cambs. Gamelingei 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure or well-watered land associated with a man called Gamela, or of Gamela's people’.
OE pers. name + -ing- or -inga- + hæg or g.

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Gamston,

‘farmstead of a man called Gamall’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Gamston Notts., near East Retford. Gamelestune 1086 (DB). Gamston Notts., near Nottingham . Gamelestune 1086 (DB).

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Ganarew Heref. & Worcs. Genoreu c.1150.

‘Opening or pass of the hill’.
Welsh genau + rhiw.

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Ganstead E. R. Yorks. Gagenestad 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of a man called Gagni or Gagne’.
OScand. pers. name + stathr.

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Ganthorpe N. Yorks. Gameltorp (sic) 1086 (DB), Galmestorp 1169.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Galmr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Ganton N. Yorks. Galmeton 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Galmr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Garboldisham Norfolk . Gerboldesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Grbald’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Garford Oxon. Garanforda 940, Wareford (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Gra’, or ‘ford at the triangular plot of ground’.
OE pers. name or gra + ford.

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Garforth W. Yorks. Gereford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Gra’, or ‘ford at the triangular plot of ground’.
OE pers. name or gra (influenced by OScand. geiri) + ford.

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Gargrave N. Yorks. Geregraue 1086 (DB).

‘Grove in a triangular plot of ground’.
OScand. geiri (replacing OE gra) + OE grf.

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Garrigill Cumbria . Gerardgile 1232.

‘Deep valley of a man called Gerard’.
OGerman pers. name + OScand. gil.

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Garron (river) Heref. & Worcs. ,

see LLANGARRON.

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Garsdale Cumbria . Garcedale c.1240.

‘Valley of a man called Garthr’, or ‘grass valley’.
OScand. pers. name + dalr, or OE gærs + dæl.

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Garsdon Wilts. Gersdune 701, Gardone 1086 (DB).

‘Grass hill’.
OE gærs + dn.

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Garshall Green Staffs . Garnonshale 1310.

Possibly ‘nook of land of a family called Garnon’.
ME surname + OE halh.

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Garsington Oxon. Gersedun 1086 (DB).

‘Grassy hill’.
OE gærsen + dn.

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Garstang Lancs. Cherestanc (sic) 1086 (DB), Gairstang c.1195.

‘Spear post’, probably signifying the site of a meeting-place.
OScand. geirr + stng.

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Garston Mersey . Gerstan 1094.

Possibly ‘the great stone’.
OE grat + stn.

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Garston, East Berks. Esgareston 1180.

‘Estate of a man called Esgar’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn. The modern form is a ‘folk etymology’ that completely disguises the original meaning of the name.

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Garswood Mersey . Grateswode 1367.

OE wudu ‘wood’ with an obscure first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Garthorpe N. Lincs. Gerulftorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Geirulfr or Gairulf’.
OScand. or OGerman pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Garthorpe Leics. Garthorp 12th cent.

Possibly ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Gra’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp. Alternatively the first element may be
OE gra ‘triangular plot of ground’.

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Garton,

‘farmstead in or near the triangular plot of ground’,
OE gra + tn: Garton E. R. Yorks. Gartun 1086 (DB). Garton on the Wolds E. R. Yorks. Gartune 1086 (DB), Garton in Wald 1347. For the affix, see WOLDS.

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Garvestone Norfolk . Gerolfestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Geirulfr or Gairulf’.
OScand. or OGerman pers. name + OE tn.

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Garway Heref. & Worcs. Garou 1137, Langarewi 1189.

Probably ‘church of a man called Guoruoe’. Welsh llan + pers. name.

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Gastard Wilts. Gatesterta 1154.

‘Tail of land where goats are kept’.
OE gt + steort.

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Gasthorpe Norfolk . Gadesthorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Gaddr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Gatcombe I. of Wight. Gatecome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where goats are kept’.
OE gt + cumb.

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Gateforth N. Yorks. Gæiteford c.1030.

‘Goats’ ford’, i.e. ‘ford used when moving goats’.
OScand. geit + OE ford.

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Gate Helmsley N. Yorks. ,

see HELMSLEY.

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Gateley Norfolk . Gatelea 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing or pasture where goats are kept’.
OE gt + lah.

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Gatenby N. Yorks. Ghetenesbi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Gaithan’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Gateshead Tyne & Wear. Gatesheued 1196.

‘Goat's headland or hill’.
OE gt + hafod.

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Gathurst Gtr. Manch. Gatehurst 1547.

Probably ‘wooded hill where goats are kept’.
OE gt + hyrst.

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Gatley Gtr. Manch. Gateclyve 1290.

‘Cliff or bank where goats are kept’.
OE gt + clif.

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Gatwick Surrey . Gatwik 1241.

‘Farm where goats are kept’.
OE gt + wc.

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Gaunless (river) Durham ,

see AUCKLAND.

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Gautby Lincs. Goutebi 1196.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Gauti’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Gawber S. Yorks. Galgbergh 1304.

‘Gallows hill’.
OE galga + beorg.

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Gawcott Bucks. Chauescote (sic) 1086 (DB), Gauecota 1090.

‘Cottage(s) for which rent is payable’.
OE gafol + cot.

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Gawsworth Ches. Govesurde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of the smith’.
Welsh gof + OE worth.

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Gaydon Warwicks. Gaidone 1194.

‘Hill of a man called Gga’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Gayhurst Bucks. Gateherst 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded hill where goats are kept’.
OE gt + hyrst.

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Gayles N. Yorks. Gales 1534.

‘(Place at) the ravines’.
OScand. geil.

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Gayton,

usually ‘farmstead where goats are kept’, from
OScand. geit + tún: Gayton Mersey . Gaitone 1086 (DB). Gayton Norfolk . Gaituna 1086 (DB). Gayton le Marsh Lincs. Geiton 1206. Affix means ‘in the marsh’ from
OE mersc with loss of preposition. Gayton le Wold Lincs. Gettone 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘on the wold(s)’ with loss of preposition, see WOLDS.
However the following have a different origin, ‘farmstead of a man called Gga’, from
OE pers. name + tn: Gayton Northants. Gaiton 1162. Gayton Staffs . Gaitone 1086 (DB).

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Gayton Thorpe Norfolk . Torp 1086 (DB), Geytonthorp 1402.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet dependent on GAYTON’.
OScand. thorp.

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Gaywood Norfolk . Gaiuude 1086 (DB).

‘Wood of a man called Gga’.
OE pers. name + wudu.

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Gazeley Suffolk . Gaysle 1219.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ggi’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Gedding Suffolk . Gedinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Gydda’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Geddington Northants. Geitentone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Gæte or Geiti’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE -ing- + tn.

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Gedling Notts. Ghellinge (sic) 1086 (DB), Gedlinges 1187.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Gdel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Gedney Lincs. Gadenai 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘island or well-watered land of a man called Gda or Gydda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Geldeston Norfolk . Geldestun 1242.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Gyldi’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Gelston Lincs. Cheuelestune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Gjfull’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Georgeham Devon . Hama 1086 (DB), Hamme Sancti Georgii 1356.

Originally ‘the well-watered valley’ from
OE hamm. Later affix from the dedication of the church to St George.

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George Nympton Devon ,

see NYMPTON.

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Germansweek Devon . Wica 1086 (DB), Wyke Germyn 1458.

Originally ‘the dwelling or (dairy) farm’ from
OE wc. Later affix from the dedication of the church to St Germanus.

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Germoe Cornwall . ‘Chapel of Sanctus Germoch’ 12th cent.

From the patron saint of the chapel.

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Gerrans Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Gerentus’ 1202.

‘Church of St. Gerent’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Gerrards Cross Bucks. Gerards Cross 1692.

Named from a local family called Jarrard or Gerrard.

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Gestingthorpe Essex . Gyrstlingathorpe late 10th cent., Ghestingetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Gyrstel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + throp.

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Gidding, Great, Gidding,Little, & Gidding, Steeple Cambs. Geddinge 1086 (DB), Magna Giddinge 1220, Gydding Parva 13th cent., Stepelgedding 1260.

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Gydda’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. Distinguishing affixes are
Latin magna ‘great’, parva ‘little’ and
OE stpel ‘steeple, tower’.

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Gidea Park Gtr. London . La Gidiehall 1258, Guydie hall parke 1668.

Literally ‘the foolish or crazy hall’, from
ME gidi + hall, perhaps alluding to a building of unusual design or construction.

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Gidleigh Devon . Gideleia 1156.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Gydda’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Giggleswick N. Yorks. Ghigeleswic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Gikel or Gichel’.
OE or ME pers. name (probably a short form of the biblical name Judichael) + wc.

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Gilberdyke E. R. Yorks. Dyc 1234, Gilbertdike 1376.

‘(Place at) the ditch or dike’.
OE dc with manorial addition from a person or family called Gilbert.

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Gilcrux Cumbria . Killecruce c.1175.

Probably ‘retreat by a hill’.
Celtic cil + crg.

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Gildersome W. Yorks. Gildehusum 1181.

‘(Place at) the guild-houses’.
OScand. gildi-hús in a dative plural form.

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Gildingwells S. Yorks. Gildanwell 13th cent.

Probably ‘gushing spring’.
OE gyldande + wella.

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Gillamoor N. Yorks. Gedlingesmore (sic) 1086 (DB), Gillingamor late 12th cent.

‘Moorland belonging to the family or followers of a man called Gthla or Gtla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + mr.

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Gilling,

‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Gthla or Gtla’,
OE pers. name + -ingas: Gilling East N. Yorks. Ghellinge 1086 (DB). Gilling West N. Yorks. Ingetlingum 731, Ghellinges 1086 (DB).

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Gillingham,

‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Gylla’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm: Gillingham Dorset. Gelingeham 1086 (DB). Gillingham Kent . Gyllingeham 10th cent., Gelingeham 1086 (DB). Gillingham Norfolk . Kildincham (sic) 1086 (DB), Gelingeham 12th cent.

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Gilmorton Leics. Mortone 1086 (DB), Gilden Morton 1327.

‘Farmstead in marshy ground’.
OE mr + tn, with later affix from
OE gylden ‘wealthy, splendid’.

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Gilsland (Northum.) , Gilsland Spa (Cumbria) . Gillesland 12th cent.

‘Estate of a man called Gille or Gilli’.
OIrish or OScand. pers. name + land.

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Gilston Herts. Gedeleston 1197.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Gdel or Gydel’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Gimingham Norfolk . Gimingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Gymi or Gymma’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Ginge, East & Ginge,West Oxon. Gæging 10th cent., Gainz 1086 (DB), Estgeyng, Westgenge 13th cent.

Originally an
OE river-name meaning ‘one that turns aside’, from the stem of
OE ggan + -ing.

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Girsby N. Yorks. Grisebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Gríss’, or ‘farmstead where young pigs are reared’.
OScand. pers. name or OScand. gríss + bý.

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Girton,

‘farmstead or village on gravelly ground’,
OE grot + tn: Girton Cambs. Grittune c.1060, Gretone 1086 (DB). Girton Notts. Gretone 1086 (DB).

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Gisburn Lancs. Ghiseburne (sic) 1086 (DB), Giselburn 12th cent.

Probably ‘gushing stream’.
OE gysel + burna.

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Gisleham Suffolk . Gisleham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Gysla’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Gislingham Suffolk . Gyselingham c.1060, Gislingaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Gysla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Gissing Norfolk . Gessinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Gyssa or Gyssi’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Gittisham Devon . Gidesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Gyddi’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Givendale, Great E. R. Yorks . Ghiuedale 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of a river called Gævul’.
OScand. river-name (meaning ‘good for fishing’) + dalr.

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Glaisdale N. Yorks. Glasedale 12th cent.

‘Valley of a river called Glas’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘grey-green’) + OScand. dalr.

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Glandford Norfolk . Glamforda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford where people assemble for revelry or games’.
OE glam + ford.

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Glanton Northum. Glentendon 1186.

‘Hill frequented by birds of prey or used as a look-out place’.
OE glente + dn.

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Glanvilles Wootton Dorset ,

see WOOTTON.

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Glapthorn Northants. Glapethorn 12th cent.

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Glappa’.
OE pers. name + thorn.

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Glapwell Derbys. Glappewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Stream of a man called Glappa’, or ‘stream where the buckbean plant grows’.
OE pers. name or OE glæppe + wella.

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Glascote Staffs . Glascote 12th cent.

‘Hut where glass is made’.
OE glæs + cot.

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Glasson Cumbria . Glassan 1259.

Probably a
Celtic river-name containing a derivative of glas ‘grey-green’.

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Glasson Lancs. Glassene c.1265.

Perhaps originally a river-name meaning ‘clear or bright one’ from
OE glsne or glsen.

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Glassonby Cumbria . Glassanebi 1177.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Glassán’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Glaston Rutland . Gladestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Glathr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Glastonbury Somerset . Glastingburi 725, Glæstingeberia 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of the people living at Glaston’.
Celtic name (possibly meaning ‘woad place’) + OE -inga- + burh (dative byrig).

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Glatton Cambs. Glatune 1086 (DB).

‘Pleasant farmstead’.
OE glæd + tn.

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Glazebrook Ches. Glasbroc 1227.

Named from Glaze Brook,
a Celtic river-name (meaning ‘grey-green’) + OE brc.

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Glazebury Ches. ,

a late name of recent origin formed from GLAZEBROOK.

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Glazeley Shrops. Gleslei 1086 (DB), Glasele 1255.

Possibly ‘bright clearing’,
OE gls + lah. Alternatively the first element may be a lost stream-name from
OE glæs ‘glass’.

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Gleadless S. Yorks. Gledeleys 13th cent.

Probably ‘woodland clearings frequented by kites’.
OE gleoda + lah.

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Gleaston Cumbria . Glassertun (sic) 1086 (DB), Gleseton 1269.

Probably ‘bright farmstead or village’.
OE gls + tn. The first element may be used as a stream-name ‘the bright one’.

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Glemham, Great & Glemham, Little Suffolk . Glaimham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village noted for its revelry or games’.
OE glam + hm.

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Glemsford Suffolk . Glemesford c.1050, Clamesforda (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford where people assemble for revelry or games’.
OE glam + ford.

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Glen Parva & Great Glen Leics. Glenne 849, Glen 1086 (DB), Parva Glen 1242, Magna Glen 1247.

‘(Place at) the valley’.
OE glenn (from Celtic glïnn). Distinguishing affixes are
Latin parva ‘small’ and magna ‘great’.

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Glenfield Leics. Clanefelde 1086 (DB).

‘Clean open land’, i.e. ‘open land free from weeds or other unwanted growth’.
OE clne + feld.

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Glentham Lincs. Glentham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead frequented by birds of prey or at a look-out place’.
OE glente + hm.

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Glentworth Lincs. Glentewrde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure frequented by birds of prey or at a look-out place’.
OE glente + worth.

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Glinton Cambs. Clinton 1060, Glintone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘fenced farmstead’.
OE glind + tn.

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Glooston Leics. Glorstone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Glr’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Glossop Derbys. Glosop 1086 (DB), Glotsop 1219.

‘Valley of a man called Glott’.
OE pers. name + hop.

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Gloucester Glos. Coloniae Glev’ 2nd cent., Glowecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town called Glevum’.
Celtic name (meaning ‘bright place’) + OE ceaster. The early form contains
Latin colonia ‘Roman colony for retired legionaries’. Gloucestershire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Glusburn N. Yorks. Glusebrun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the bright or shining stream’.
OScand. glus(s) + brunnr.

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Glympton Oxon. Glimtuna c.1050, Glintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Glyme’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘bright stream’) + OE tn.

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Glynde E. Sussex. Glinda 1165.

‘(Place at) the fence or enclosure’.
OE glind.

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Glyndebourne E. Sussex. Burne juxta Glynde 1288.

‘Stream near GLYNDE’.
OE burna.

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Gnosall Staffs . Geneshale (sic) 1086 (DB), Gnowesala 1140.

OE halh ‘nook of land’ with an uncertain first element, probably an
OE or OScand. pers. name.

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Goadby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Gauti’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Goadby Leics. Goutebi 1086 (DB). Goadby Marwood Leics. Goutebi 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the Maureward family, here in the 14th cent.

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Goathill Dorset. Gatelme (sic) 1086 (DB), Gathulla 1176.

‘Hill where goats are pastured’.
OE gt + hyll.

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Goathland N. Yorks. Godelandia c.1110.

‘Cultivated land of a man called Gda’, or ‘good cultivated land’.
OE pers. name or OE gd + land.

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Goathurst Somerset . Gahers (sic) 1086 (DB), Gothurste 1292.

‘Wooded hill where goats are kept’.
OE gt + hyrst.

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Godalming Surrey . Godelmingum c.880, Godelminge 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Godhelm’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Goddington Gtr. London . Godinton 1240.

‘Estate associated with a man called Gda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Godmanchester Cambs. Godmundcestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman station associated with a man called Godmund’.
OE pers. name + ceaster.

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Godmanstone Dorset. Godemanestone 1166.

‘Farmstead of a man called Godmann’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Godmersham Kent . Godmeresham 822, Gomersham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Godmr’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Godney Somerset . Godeneia 10th cent.

‘Island or well-watered land of a man called Gda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Godolphin Cross Cornwall . Wulgholgan 1194.

An obscure name, origin and meaning uncertain.

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Godshill,

‘hill associated with a heathen god or with the Christian God’,
OE god + hyll: Godshill Hants. Godeshull 1230. Godshill I. of Wight. Godeshella 12th cent.

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Godstone Surrey . Godeston 1248, Codeston 1279.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Cd’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Golborne Gtr. Manch. Goldeburn 1187.

‘Stream where marsh marigolds grow’.
OE golde + burna.

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Golcar W. Yorks. Gudlagesarc 1086 (DB).

‘Shieling or hill-pasture of a man called Guthleikr or Guthlaugr’.
OScand. pers. name + erg.

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Goldhanger Essex . Goldhangra 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wooded slope where marigolds or other yellow flowers grow’.
OE golde + hangra.

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Golding Shrops. Goldene 1086 (DB).

‘Gold valley’, referring to yellow flowers or to soil colour.
OE gold + denu.

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Goldsborough N. Yorks., near Knaresborough . Godenesburg (sic) 1086 (DB), Godelesburc 1170.

‘Stronghold of a man called Godel’.
OE (or OGerman) pers. name + burh.

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Goldthorpe S. Yorks. Goldetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Golda’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Gomeldon Wilts. Gomeledona 1189.

‘Hill of a man called Gumela’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Gomersal W. Yorks. Gomershale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Gthmr’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Gomshall Surrey . Gomeselle (sic) 1086 (DB), Gumeselva 1168.

‘Shelf or terrace of land of a man called Guma’.
OE pers. name + scelf.

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Gonalston Notts. Gunnulvestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Gunnulf’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Gonerby, Great Lincs . Gunfordebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Gunnfrøthr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Good Easter Essex ,

see EASTER.

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Gooderstone Norfolk . Godestuna (sic) 1086 (DB), Gutherestone 1254.

‘Farmstead of a man called Gthhere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Goodleigh Devon . Godelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Gda’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Goodmanham E. R. Yorks. Godmunddingaham 731, Gudmundham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Gdmund’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Goodmayes Gtr. London . Goodmayes 1456.

Named from the Godemay family who had lands here in the 14th cent.

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Goodnestone,

‘farmstead of a man called Gdwine’,
OE pers. name + tn: Goodnestone Kent, near Aylesham . Godwineston 1196. Goodnestone Kent, near Faversham . Godwineston 1208.

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Goodrich Heref. & Worcs. Castellum Godric 1102.

Originally ‘castle of a man called Gdrc’.
OE pers. name (that of a land-holder in 1086 (DB) with
Latin castellum.

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Goodrington Devon . Godrintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Gdhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Goodworth Clatford Hants. ,

see CLATFORD.

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Goole E. R. Yorks. Gulle 1362.

‘The stream or channel’.
ME goule.

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Goosey Oxon. Goseie 9th cent., Gosei 1086 (DB).

‘Goose island’.
OE gs + g.

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Goosnargh Lancs. Gusansarghe 1086 (DB).

‘Shieling or hill-pasture of a man called Gussn’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. erg.

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Gordano (old district) N. Som. ,

see CLAPTON IN GORDANO.

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Gore Kent . Gore 1198.

‘(Place at) the triangular plot of ground’.
OE gra. The same name occurs in other counties.

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Goring,

‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Gra’,
OE pers. name + -ingas: Goring Oxon. Garinges 1086 (DB). Goring by Sea W. Sussex . Garinges 1086 (DB).

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Gorleston on Sea Norfolk . Gorlestuna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Gurl’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Gorran Cornwall . Sanctus Goranus 1086 (DB).

‘(Church of) St Goran’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Gorsley Glos. Gorstley 1228.

‘Woodland clearing where gorse grows’.
OE gorst + lah.

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Gorton Gtr. Manch. Gorton 1282.

‘Dirty farmstead’.
OE gor + tn.

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Gosbeck Suffolk . Gosebech 1179.

‘Stream frequented by geese’.
OE gs + OScand. bekkr.

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Gosberton Lincs. Gosebertechirche 1086 (DB).

‘Church of a man called Gosbert’.
OGerman pers. name + OE cirice (replaced by tn ‘village’).

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Gosfield Essex . Gosfeld 1198.

‘Open land frequented by (wild) geese’.
OE gs + feld.

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Gosford,

‘ford frequented by geese’,
OE gs + ford; for example Gosford Devon . Goseford 1249.

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Gosforth,

‘ford frequented by geese’,
OE gs + ford: Gosforth Cumbria . Goseford c.1150. Gosforth Tyne & Wear . Goseford 1166.

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Gosport Hants. Goseport 1250.

‘Market town where geese are sold’.
OE gs + port.

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Goswick Northum. Gossewic 1202.

‘Farm where geese are kept’.
OE gs + wc.

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Gotham Notts. Gatham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where goats are kept’.
OE gt + hm or hamm.

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Gotherington Glos. Godrinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Gthhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Goudhurst Kent . Guithyrste 11th cent.

Probably ‘wooded hill of a man called Gtha’.
OE pers. name + hyrst.

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Goulceby Lincs. Colchesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Kolkr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Gowdall E. R. Yorks. Goldale 12th cent.

‘Nook of land where marigolds grow’.
OE golde + halh.

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Goxhill,

probably from an
OScand. gausli ‘(place at) the gushing spring’: Goxhill E. R. Yorks. Golse (sic) 1086 (DB), Gosla, Gousele 12th cent. Goxhill N. Lincs. Golse (sic) 1086 (DB), Gousle, Gousel 12th cent.

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Graffham W. Sussex . Grafham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure in or by a grove’.
OE grf + hm or hamm.

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Grafham Cambs. Grafham 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Grafton,

a common name, usually ‘farmstead in or by a grove’,
OE grf + tn; examples include: Grafton Heref. & Worcs., near Hereford . Crafton 1303. Grafton N. Yorks. Graftune 1086 (DB). Grafton Oxon. Graptone (sic) 1086 (DB), Graftona 1130. Grafton, East & Grafton, West Wilts. Graftone 1086 (DB). Grafton Flyford Heref. & Worcs. Graftun 9th cent., Garstune (sic) 1086 (DB). Affix from the nearby FLYFORD FLAVELL. Grafton Regis Northants. Grastone (sic) 1086 (DB), Graftone 12th cent.
Latin affix regis ‘of the king’ because it was a royal manor. Grafton Underwood Northants. Grastone (sic) 1086 (DB), Grafton Underwode 1367. Affix ‘under or near the wood’ (
OE under + wudu) refers to Rockingham Forest.
However the following has a different origin: Grafton, Temple Warwicks. Greftone 10th cent., Grastone (sic) 1086 (DB), Temple Grafton 1363. ‘Farmstead by the pit or trench’.
OE græ + tn. Affix refers to early possession by the Knights Templars or Hospitallers.

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Grain Kent . Grean c.1100.

‘Gravelly, sandy ground’.
OE gron. Isle of Grain (formerly an actual island) is Ile of Greane 1610.

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Grainsby Lincs. Grenesbi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Grein’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Grainthorpe Lincs. Germund(s)torp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead of a man called Geirmundr or Germund’.
OScand. or OGerman pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Grampound Cornwall . Grauntpount 1302.

‘(Place at) the great bridge’.
OFrench grant + pont.

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Granborough Bucks. Grenebeorge c.1060, Grenesberga (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Green hill’.
OE grne + beorg.

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Granby Notts. Granebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Grani’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Grange,

usually ‘outlying farm belonging to a religious house’,
ME grange; examples include: Grange Cumbria, near Keswick . The Grange 1576. Belonged to the monks of Furness Abbey. Grange-over-Sands Cumbria . Grange 1491. Belonged to Cartmel Priory, affix meaning ‘across the sands of Morecambe Bay’.
However the following has a different origin: Grange Kent . Grenic c.1100. Probably identical in origin and meaning with GREENWICH.

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Grangetown Red. & Cleve. , 19th cent.

iron and steel town, named from nearby ESTON Grange which belonged to Fountains Abbey (for grange see previous name).

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Gransden, Great & Gransden, Little Cambs. Grantandene 973, Grante(s)dene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Grante or Grente’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Gransmoor E. R. Yorks. Grentesmor 1086 (DB).

‘Marshland of a man called Grante or Grentir’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE mr or OScand. mór.

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Grantchester Cambs. Granteseta 1086 (DB).

‘Settlers on the River Granta’.
Celtic river-name (etymology obscure) + OE ste.

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Grantham Lincs. Grantham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village of a man called Granta’.
OE pers. name + hm. Alternatively the first element may be
OE grand ‘gravel’.

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Grantley, High N. Yorks . Grantelege c.1030, Grentelai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Granta or Grante’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Grappenhall Ches. Gropenhale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land at a ditch or drain’.
OE grpe (genitive -an) + halh.

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Grasby Lincs. Gros(e)bi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village on gravelly ground’.
OScand. grjót + bý.

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Grasmere Cumbria . Gressemere 1245.

Probably ‘mere called grass lake’.
OE gres + s ‘lake’ with explanatory mere.

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Grassendale Mersey . Gresyndale 13th cent.

‘Grassy valley’, or ‘valley used for grazing’.
OE gærsen or gærsing + dæl or OScand. dalr.

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Grassington N. Yorks. Ghersintone 1086 (DB).

‘Grazing or pasture farm’.
OE gærsing + tn.

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Grassthorpe Notts. Grestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Grass farmstead or hamlet’.
OScand. gres + thorp.

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Grately Hants. Greatteleiam 929.

‘Great wood or clearing’.
OE grat + lah.

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Gratwich Staffs . Crotewiche (sic) 1086 (DB), Grotewic 1176.

‘(Dairy) farm by the gravelly place’.
OE grote + wc.

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Graveley Herts. Gravelai 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing by a grove or copse’.
OE grfe or grf(a) + lah.

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Gravely Cambs. Greflea 10th cent., Gravelei 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘woodland clearing by the pit or trench’.
OE græf + lah. Alternatively identical in origin with the previous name.

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Graveney Kent . Grafonaea 9th cent.

‘(Place at) the ditch stream’.
OE grafa (genitive -n) + a.

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Gravenhurst Beds. Grauenhurst 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded hill with a coppice or a ditch’.
OE grfa or grafa (genitive -n) + hyrst.

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Gravesend Kent . Gravesham (sic) 1086 (DB), Grauessend 1157.

‘(Place at) the end of the grove or copse’.
OE grf + ende.

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Grayingham Lincs. Graingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Grg(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Grayrigg Cumbria . Grarigg 12th cent.

‘Grey ridge’.
OScand. grár + hryggr.

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Grays Essex . Turruc 1086 (DB), Turrokgreys 1248.

Originally Grays THURROCK, with manorial affix from the de Grai family, here in the 12th cent.

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Grayshott Hants. Grauesseta 1185.

‘Corner of land near a grove’.
OE grf + scat.

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Grazeley Berks. Grægsole c.950.

Probably ‘wolves’ wallowing-place’.
OE grg + sol.

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Greasbrough S. Yorks. Gersebroc 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘grassy brook’.
OE gærs, gærsen + brc.

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Greasby Mersey . Gravesberie 1086 (DB), Grauisby c.1100.

‘Stronghold at a grove or copse’.
OE grfe + burh (dative byrig) (replaced by OScand. bý ‘farmstead’).

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Greasley Notts. Griseleia 1086 (DB).

OE lah ‘wood or woodland clearing’ with an uncertain first element, possibly
OE grosn ‘gravel’.

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Great

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Great Abington (Cambs.) see ABINGTON.

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Greatford Lincs. Greteford 1086 (DB).

‘Gravelly ford’.
OE grot + ford.

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Greatham,

‘gravelly homestead or enclosure’,
OE grot + hm or hamm: Greatham Hants. Greteham 1086 (DB). Greatham Hartlepl. Gretham 1196.

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Greatstone-on-Sea

Kent, a recent name, taken from a rocky headland called Great Stone 1801, a shoreline feature before coastal changes took place.

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Greatworth Northants. Grentevorde (sic) 1086 (DB), Gretteworth 12th cent.

‘Gravelly enclosure’.
OE grot + worth.

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Greenford Gtr. London . Grenan forda 845, Greneforde 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the green ford’.
OE grne + ford.

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Greenham Berks. Greneham 1086 (DB).

‘Green enclosure or river-meadow’.
OE grne + hamm.

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Green Hammerton N. Yorks. ,

see HAMMERTON.

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Greenhaugh Northum. Le Grenehalgh 1326.

‘The green nook of land’.
OE grne + halh.

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Greenhead Northum. Le Greneheued 1290.

‘The green hill’.
OE grne + hafod.

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Greenhithe Kent . Grenethe 1264.

‘Green landing place’.
OE grne + hth.

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Greenhow Hill N. Yorks. Grenehoo 1540.

‘Green mound or hill’.
OE grne + OScand. haugr, with the later addition of hill.

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Greenodd Cumbria . Green Odd 1774.

‘Green point or tongue of land’. From
OScand. oddi.

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Greens Norton Northants. ,

see NORTON.

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Greenstead Essex . Grenstede 10th cent., Grenesteda 1086 (DB).

‘Green place’ i.e. ‘pasture used for grazing’.
OE grne + stede.

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Greenstead Essex . Gernesteda 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Greenwich Gtr. London . Grenewic 964, Grenviz 1086 (DB).

‘Green port or harbour’.
OE grne + wc.

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Greet Glos. Grete 12th cent.

‘Gravelly place’.
OE grote.

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Greete Shrops. Grete 1183.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Greetham,

‘gravelly homestead or enclosure’,
OE grot + hm or hamm: Greetham Lincs. Gretham 1086 (DB). Greetham Rutland . Gretham 1086 (DB).

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Greetland W. Yorks. Greland (sic) 1086 (DB), Greteland 13th cent.

‘Rocky cultivated land’.
OScand. grjót + land.

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Greinton Somerset . Graintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Grga’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + tn.

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Grendon,

usually ‘green hill’,
OE grne + dn: Grendon Northants. Grendone 1086 (DB). Grendon Warwicks. Grendone 1086 (DB). Grendon Underwood Bucks. Grennedone 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘in or near the wood’.
However the following has a different second element: Grendon Heref. & Worcs. Grenedene 1086 (DB). ‘Green valley’.
OE grne + denu.

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Gresham Norfolk . Gressam 1086 (DB).

‘Grass homestead or enclosure’.
OE gærs + hm or hamm.

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Gresley, Castle & Gresley, Church Derbys. Gresele c.1125, Castelgresele 1252, Churchegreseleye 1363.

OE lah ‘woodland clearing’ with an uncertain first element, possibly
OE grosn ‘gravel’. Distinguishing affixes from the former castle and the church here.

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Gressenhall Norfolk . Gressenhala 1086 (DB).

‘Grassy or gravelly nook of land’.
OE gærsen or grosn + halh.

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Gressingham Lancs. Ghersinctune 1086 (DB), Gersingeham 1183.

‘Homestead or enclosure with grazing or pasture’.
OE gærsing + hm or hamm (replaced by tn ‘farmstead’ in the Domesday form).

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Greta (river), three examples, in Cumbria, Lancs., and N. Yorks. ;

an
OScand. river-name recorded from the 13th cent., ‘stony stream’, from OScand. grjót + á.

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Gretton Glos. Gretona 1175.

‘Farmstead near GREET’.
OE tn.

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Gretton Northants. Gretone 1086 (DB).

‘Gravel farmstead’.
OE grot + tn.

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Gretton Shrops. Grotintune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on gravelly ground’.
OE groten + tn.

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Grewelthorpe N. Yorks. Torp 1086 (DB), Gruelthorp 1281.

OScand. thorp ‘outlying farmstead’ with later manorial affix from a family called Gruel.

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Greysouthen Cumbria . Craykesuthen c.1187.

‘Rock or cliff of a man called Suthán’.
Celtic creig + OIrish pers. name.

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Greystoke Cumbria . Creistoc 1167.

Probably ‘secondary settlement by a river once called Cray’.
Lost Celtic river-name (meaning ‘fresh, clean’) + OE stoc.

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Greywell Hants. Graiwella 1167.

Probably ‘spring or stream frequented by wolves’.
OE grg + wella.

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Griff Warwicks. Griva 12th cent.

‘(Place at) the deep valley or hollow’.
OScand. gryfja.

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Grimley Heref. & Worcs. Grimanleage 9th cent., Grimanleh 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or glade haunted by a spectre or goblin’.
OE grma + lah.

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Grimoldby Lincs. Grimoldbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Grimald’.
OGerman pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Grimsargh Lancs. Grimesarge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-pasture of a man called Grímr’.
OScand. pers. name + erg.

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Grimsby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Grímr’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Grimsby NE. Lincs. Grimesbi 1086 (DB). Grimsby, Little Lincs. Grimesbi 1086 (DB).

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Grimscote Northants. Grimescote 12th cent.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Grímr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE cot.

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Grimstead, East & Grimstead, West Wilts. Gremestede 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘green homestead’.
OE grne + hm-stede.

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Grimsthorpe Lincs. Grimestorp 1212.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Grímr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Grimston,

‘farmstead or estate of a man called Grímr’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn; examples include: Grimston Leics. Grimestone 1086 (DB). Grimston Norfolk . Grimastun c.1035, Grimestuna 1086 (DB). Grimston, North N. Yorks. Grimeston 1086 (DB).

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Grindale E. R. Yorks. Grendele 1086 (DB).

‘Green valley’.
OE grne + dæl.

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Grindleton Lancs. Gretlintone 1086 (DB), Grenlington 1251.

Probably ‘farmstead near the gravelly stream’.
OE grendel + -ing + tn.

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Grindley Staffs . Grenleg 1251.

‘Green woodland clearing’.
OE grne + lah.

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Grindlow Derbys. Grenlawe 1199.

‘Green hill or mound’.
OE grne + hlw.

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Grindon,

‘green hill’,
OE grne + dn: Grindon Northum. Grandon 1210. Grindon Staffs . Grendone 1086 (DB).

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Gringley on the Hill Notts. Gringeleia 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of the people living at the green place’.
OE grne + -inga- + lah.

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Grinsdale Cumbria . Grennesdale c.1180.

Probably ‘valley by the green promontory’.
OE grne + næss + OScand. dalr.

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Grinshill Shrops. Grivelesul (sic) 1086 (DB), Grineleshul 1242.

OE hyll ‘hill’ with an uncertain first element, possibly, a word grynel (genitive -es), a derivative of OE grin, gryn ‘a snare for animals’.

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Grinstead,

‘green place’ i.e. ‘pasture used for grazing’,
OE grne + stede: Grinstead, East W. Sussex . Grenesteda 1121, Estgrenested 1271. Grinstead, West W. Sussex . Grenestede 1086 (DB), Westgrenested 1280.

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Grinton N. Yorks. Grinton 1086 (DB).

‘Green farmstead’.
OE grne + tn.

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Gristhorpe N. Yorks. Grisetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Gríss, or where young pigs are reared’.
OScand. pers. name or gríss + thorp.

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Griston Norfolk . Gristuna 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Gríss, or where young pigs are reared’.
OScand. pers. name or gríss + OE tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE gres ‘grass’.

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Grittenham Wilts. Gruteham 850.

‘Gravelly homestead or enclosure’.
OE greten + hm or hamm.

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Grittleton Wilts. Grutelington 940, Gretelintone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Grytel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Grizebeck Cumbria . Grisebek 13th cent.

‘Brook by which young pigs are kept’.
OScand. gríss + bekkr.

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Grizedale Cumbria . Grysdale 1336.

‘Valley where young pigs are kept’.
OScand. gríss + dalr.

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Groby Leics. Grobi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead near a hollow or pit’.
OScand. gróf + bý.

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Groombridge Kent . Gromenebregge 1239.

‘Bridge where young men congregate’.
ME grome (genitive plural -ene) + OE brycg.

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Grosmont N. Yorks. Grosmunt 1228.

Originally the name of the priory here, in turn named from the mother Priory of Grosmont in France (‘big hill’ from
OFrench gros + mont).

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Groton Suffolk . Grotena 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘sandy or gravelly stream’.
OE groten + a.

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Grove,

a common name, ‘(place at) the grove or copse’,
OE grf(a); examples include: Grove Notts. Grava 1086 (DB). Grove Oxon. la Graue 1188.

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Grundisburgh Suffolk . Grundesburch 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold on or near the foundation of a building’.
OE grund + burh.

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Guestling E. Sussex. Gestelinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Gyrstel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Guestwick Norfolk . Geghestueit 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing belonging to GUIST’.
OScand. thveit.

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Guilden Morden Cambs. ,

see MORDEN.

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Guilden Sutton Ches. ,

see SUTTON.

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Guildford Surrey . Gyldeforda c.880, Gildeford 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford by the gold-coloured (i.e. sandy) hill’, from
OE gylde + ford, see HOG'S BACK.

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Guilsborough Northants. Gildesburh c.1070, Gisleburg (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Gyldi’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Guisborough Red. & Cleve. Ghigesburg 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Gígr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE burh.

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Guiseley W. Yorks. Gislicleh c.972, Gisele 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Gslic’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Guist Norfolk . Gæssæte c.1035, Gegeseta 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘dwelling of a man called Gga or Ggi’.
OE pers. name + ste.

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Guiting Power & Temple Guiting Glos. Gythinge 814, Getinge 1086 (DB), Gettinges Poer 1220, Guttinges Templar 1221.

Originally a river-name, ‘running stream, stream with a good current’,
OE gyte + -ing. Manorial affixes from early possession by the le Poer family and by the Knights Templars.

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Guldeford, East E. Sussex . Est Guldeford 1517.

Named from the Guldeford family (so called because they came from GUILDFORD).

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Gulval Cornwall . ‘Church of Sancta Welvela’ 1328.

‘(Church of) St Gwelvel’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Gumley Leics. Godmundesleah 8th cent., Godmundelai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Godmund’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Gunby E. R. Yorks. Gunelby 1066–9.

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Gunnhildr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Gunby Lincs. Gunnebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Gunni’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Gunnersbury Gtr. London . Gounyldebury 1334.

‘Manor house of a woman called Gunnhildr’.
OScand. pers. name + ME bury (from OE byrig, dative of burh).

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Gunnerton Northum. Gunwarton 1170.

Probably ‘farmstead of a woman called Gunnvr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Gunness N. Lincs. Gunnesse 1199.

‘Headland of a man called Gunni’.
OScand. pers. name + nes.

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Gunnislake Cornwall . Gonellake 1485.

Probably ‘stream of a man called Gunni’.
OScand. pers. name + OE lacu.

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Gunthorpe,

usually ‘outlying farmstead of a man called Gunni’,
OScand. pers. name + thorp: Gunthorpe Cambs. Gunetorp 1130. Gunthorpe Norfolk . Gunestorp 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Gunthorpe Notts. Gulnetorp 1086 (DB). ‘Outlying farmstead of a woman called Gunnhildr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Gunwalloe Cornwall . ‘Chapel of Sanctus Wynwolaus’ 1332.

From the patron saint of the church or chapel, St Winwaloe.

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Gussage All Saints & Gussage St Michael Dorset. Gyssic 10th cent., Gessic 1086 (DB), Gussich All Saints 1245, Gussich St Michael 1297.

Probably ‘gushing stream’, originally the name of the river here.
OE gyse + sc. Affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Guston Kent . Gocistone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Gthsige’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Guyhirn Cambs. La Gyerne 1275.

OE hyrne ‘angle or corner of land’ with
OFrench guie ‘a guide’ (with reference to controlling tidal flow) or ‘a salt-water ditch’.

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Guyzance Northum. Gynis 1242.

A manorial name, ‘estate of the family called Guines’.

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Gweek Cornwall . Wika 1201.

Cornish gwig ‘village’ or OE wc ‘hamlet’.

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Gwennap Cornwall . ‘Church of Sancta Wenappa’ 1269.

‘(Church of) St Wynup’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Gwithian Cornwall . ‘Parish of Sanctus Goythianus’ 1334.

From the patron saint of the church, St Gothian.

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H

Habblesthorpe Notts. Happelesthorp 1154.

Probably ‘outlying farmstead of a man called Hæppel’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Habrough NE. Lincs. Haburne (sic) 1086 (DB), Haburg 1202.

‘High or chief stronghold’.
OE hah (replaced by OScand. hár) + burh.

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Habton, Great N. Yorks . Habetun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hab(b)a’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Haccombe Devon . Hacome 1086 (DB), Hakcumbe c.1200.

Probably ‘valley with a hatch or fence’.
OE hæcc + cumb.

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Haceby Lincs. Hazebi 1086 (DB), Hathsebi 1115.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Haddr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Hacheston Suffolk . Hacestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hæcci’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Hackford Norfolk, near Wymondham . Hakeforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford with a hatch or by a bend’.
OE hæcc or haca + ford.

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Hackforth N. Yorks. Acheford 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Hackleton Northants. Hachelintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hæccel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Hackness N. Yorks. Hacanos 731, Hagenesse 1086 (DB).

‘Hook-shaped or projecting headland’.
OE haca + nose.

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Hackney Gtr. London . Hakeneia 1198.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Haca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Hackthorn Lincs. Hagetorne 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the hawthorn or prickly thorn-tree’.
OE hagu-thorn or haca-thorn.

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Hackthorpe Cumbria . Hakatorp c.1150.

Possibly ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Haki’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. haki or OE haca ‘hook-shaped promontory’.

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Haconby Lincs. Hacunesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hákon’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Haddenham,

‘homestead or village of a man called Hda’,
OE pers. name + hm: Haddenham Bucks. Hedreham (sic) 1086 (DB), Hedenham 1142. Haddenham Cambs. Hædan ham 970, Hadreham 1086 (DB).

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Haddington Lincs. Hadinctune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Headda or Hada’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Haddiscoe Norfolk . Hadescou 1086 (DB).

‘Wood of a man called Haddr or Haddi’.
OScand. pers. name + skógr.

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Haddlesey, Chapel & Haddlesey, West N. Yorks. Hathel-sæ c.1030, Chappel Haddlesey 1605, Westhathelsay 1280.

Probably ‘marshy pool in a hollow’.
OE hathel + s. Distinguishing affixes from
ME chapel and west.

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Haddon,

usually ‘heath hill, hill where heather grows’,
OE hth + dn: Haddon, East & Haddon, West Northants. Eddone, Hadone 1086 (DB), Esthaddon 1220, Westhaddon 12th cent. Haddon, Nether & Haddon, Over Derbys. Hadun(e) 1086 (DB), Nethir Haddon 1248, Uverehaddon 1206. Distinguishing affixes are
OE neotherra ‘lower’ and uferra ‘higher’.
However the following may have a different origin: Haddon Cambs. Haddedun 951, Adone 1086 (DB). Probably ‘hill of a man called Headda’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Hadfield Derbys. Hetfelt 1086 (DB).

‘Heathy open land, or open land where heather grows’.
OE hth + feld.

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Hadham, Much & Hadham, Little Herts. Hædham 957, Hadam, Parva Hadam 1086 (DB), Muchel Hadham 1373.

Probably ‘heath homestead’.
OE hth + hm. Distinguishing affixes from
OE mycel ‘great’ and ltel ‘little’ (
Latin parva).

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Hadleigh, Hadley,

‘heath clearing, clearing where heather grows’,
OE hth + lah: Hadleigh Essex . Hæthlege c.1000, Leam (sic) 1086 (DB). Hadleigh Suffolk . Hædleage c.995, Hetlega 1086 (DB). Hadley Shrops. Hatlege 1086 (DB). Hadley, Monken Gtr. London . Hadlegh 1248, Monken Hadley 1489. Affix means ‘of the monks’ (from
OE munuc) referring to early possession by Walden Abbey.

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Hadlow Kent . Haslow (sic) 1086 (DB), Hadlou 1235.

Probably ‘mound or hill where heather grows’.
OE hth + hlw.

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Hadlow Down E. Sussex. Hadleg 1254.

Probably ‘woodland clearing where heather grows’.
OE hth + lah.

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Hadnall Shrops. Hadehelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Hadenhale 1242.

‘Nook of land of a man called Headda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Hadrian's Wall Cumbria–Northum.– Tyne & Wear ,

Roman fortification built AD 122–6, called after Roman Emperor Hadrian and giving name to WALL (Northum.), HEDDON ON THE WALL, and WALLSEND.

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Hadstock Essex . Hadestoc 11th cent.

‘Outlying farmstead of a man called Hada’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Hadzor Heref. & Worcs. Hadesore 1086 (DB).

‘Ridge of a man called Headd’.
OE pers. name + ofer.

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Hagbourne, East &Hagbourne, West Oxon. Haccaburna c.895, Hacheborne 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place by) the stream of a man called Hacca’.
OE pers. name + burna.

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Haggerston Gtr. London . Hergotestane 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called Hærgod’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Haggerston Northum. Agardeston 1196.

Probably ‘estate of a family called Hagard’.
ME (from OFrench) surname + OE tn.

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Hagley Heref. & Worcs, near Kidderminster . Hageleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where haws grow’.
OE hagga + lah.

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Hagworthingham Lincs. Hacberdingeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Hagwrthingham 1198.

‘Homestead of the people from the hawthorn enclosure’.
OE hagga + worth + -inga- + hm.

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Haigh,

‘the enclosure’,
OScand. hagi or OE haga: Haigh Gtr. Manch. Hage 1194. Haigh S. Yorks. Hagh 1379.

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Haighton Green Lancs. Halctun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead in a nook of land’.
OE halh + tn.

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Hailes Glos. Heile 1086 (DB), Heilis 1114.

Perhaps originally the name of the stream here,
a Celtic river-name possibly meaning ‘dirty stream’.

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Hailey,

‘clearing where hay is made’,
OE hg + lah: Hailey Herts. Hailet (sic) 1086 (DB), Heile 1235. Hailey Oxon. Haylegh 1241.

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Hailsham E. Sussex. Hamelesham (sic) 1086 (DB), Helesham 1189.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Hægel’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Hail Weston Cambs. ,

see WESTON.

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Hainford Norfolk . Hanforda 1086 (DB), Heinford 12th cent.

‘Ford near an enclosure’.
OE hægen + ford.

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Hainton Lincs. Haintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead in an enclosure’.
OE hægen + tn.

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Haisthorpe E. R. Yorks. Ascheltorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead of a man called Hskuldr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Halam Notts. Healum 958.

‘(Place at) the nooks or corners of land’.
OE halh in a dative plural form halum.

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Halberton Devon . Halsbretone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead by a hazel wood’.
OE hæsel + bearu + tn.

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Halden, High Kent . Hadinwoldungdenne c.1100.

‘Woodland pasture associated with a man called Heathuwald’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + denn.

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Hale,

a common name, ‘(place at) the nook or corner of land’,
OE halh (dative hale); examples include: Hale Ches. Halas 1094. Originally in a plural form. Hale Gtr. Manch. Hale 1086 (DB). Hale Hants. Hala 1161. Hale, Great & Hale, Little Lincs. Hale 1086 (DB).

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Hales,

‘the nooks or corners of land’,
OE halh in a plural form: Hales Norfolk . Hals 1086 (DB). Hales Staffs . Hales 1291.

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Halesowen W. Mids. Hala 1086 (DB), Hales Ouweyn 1276.

‘Nooks or corners of land’.
OE halh in a plural form, with manorial affix from the Welsh prince called Owen who held the manor in the early 13th cent.

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Halesworth Suffolk . Healesuurda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Hæle’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Halewood Mersey . Halewode c.1200.

‘Wood near HALE’.
OE wudu.

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Halford Shrops. Hauerford 1155, Haleford 1221–2.

OE ford ‘a ford’ with an uncertain first element, possibly OE halh ‘nook of land, land in a river-bend’.

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Halford Warwicks. Halchford 12th cent.

‘Ford by a nook or corner of land’.
OE halh + ford.

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Halifax W. Yorks. Halyfax c.1095.

Possibly ‘area of coarse grass in a nook of land’.
OE halh + gefeaxe.

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Hallam S. Yorks. Hallun 1086 (DB).

Possibly identical in origin with the next name, but alternatively ‘(place at) the rocks’, from
OScand. hallr or OE hall in a dative plural form hallum. Hallamshire , Halumsira 1161, contains
OE scr ‘district’.

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Hallam, Kirk & Hallam, West Derbys. Halun 1086 (DB), Kyrkehallam 12th cent., Westhalum 1230.

‘(Place at) the nooks of land’.
OE halh in a dative plural form halum. Distinguishing affixes from
OScand. kirkja ‘church’ and OE west.

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Hallaton Leics. Alctone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead in a nook of land or narrow valley’.
OE halh + tn.

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Hallatrow B. & NE. Som. Helgetrev 1086 (DB).

‘(Place by) the holy tree’.
OE hlig + trow.

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Halling Kent . Hallingas 8th cent., Hallinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Heall’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Hallingbury, Great & Hallingbury, Little Essex . Hallingeberiam 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of the family or followers of a man called Heall’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + burh (dative byrig).

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Hallington Northum. Halidene 1247.

‘Holy valley’.
OE hlig + denu.

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Halloughton Notts. Healhtune 958.

‘Farmstead in a nook of land or narrow valley’.
OE halh + tn.

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Hallow Heref. & Worcs. Halhagan 9th cent., Halhegan 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosures in a nook or corner of land’.
OE halh + haga.

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Halnaker W. Sussex . Helnache 1086 (DB).

‘Half an acre’.
OE healf (dative -an) + æcer.

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Halsall Lancs. Heleshale 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘nook of land of a man called Hæle’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Halse Northants. Hasou (sic) 1086 (DB), Halsou c.1160.

‘Neck of land forming a ridge’.
OE hals + hh.

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Halse Somerset . Halse 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the neck of land’.
OE hals.

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Halsham E. R. Yorks. Halsaham 1033, Halsam 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead on the neck of land’.
OE hals + hm.

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Halstead,

‘place of refuge or shelter’,
OE h(e)ald + stede: Halstead Essex . Haltesteda 1086 (DB). Halstead Kent . Haltesteda c.1100. Halstead Leics. Elstede 1086 (DB).

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Halstock Dorset. Halganstoke 998.

‘Outlying farmstead belonging to a religious foundation’.
OE hlig + stoc.

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Halstow,

‘holy place’,
OE hlig + stw: Halstow, High Kent . Halgesto c.1100. Halstow, Lower Kent . Halgastaw c.1100.

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Haltemprice E. R. Yorks. Hautenprise 1324.

‘High or noble enterprise’.
OFrench haut + emprise, originally with reference to an Augustinian Priory founded here in 1322.

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Haltham Lincs. Holtham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead by or in a wood’.
OE holt + hm.

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Halton,

a common name, usually ‘farmstead in a nook or corner of land’,
OE halh + tn: Halton Bucks. Healtun c.1033, Haltone 1086 (DB). Halton Lancs. Haltune 1086 (DB). Halton W. Yorks. Halletune 1086 (DB). Halton, East N. Lincs. Haltune 1086 (DB). Halton East N. Yorks. Haltone 1086 (DB). Halton Holegate Lincs. Haltun 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘road in a hollow’,
OScand. holr + gata. Halton, West N. Lincs. Haltone 1086 (DB). Halton West N. Yorks. Halctun12th cent.
However the following have a different origin: Halton Ches. Heletune 1086 (DB), Hethelton 1174. Possibly ‘farmstead at a heathery place’.
OE hthel + tn. Halton Northum. Haulton 1161. Possibly ‘farmstead at the look-out hill’.
OE hw + hyll + tn.

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Haltwhistle Northum. Hautwisel 1240.

OE twisla ‘junction of two streams’, possibly with OFrench haut ‘high’.

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Halvergate Norfolk . Halfriate 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘land for which a half heriot (a feudal service or payment) is due’.
OE half + here-geatu.

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Halwell Devon . Halganwylle 10th cent.

‘Holy spring’.
OE hlig + wella.

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Halwill Devon . Halgewilla 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Ham,

a common name, from
OE hamm which had various meanings, including ‘enclosure, land hemmed in by water or higher ground, land in a river-bend’; examples include: Ham Glos. Hamma 1194. Ham Gtr. London . Hama c.1150. Ham Kent . Hama 1086 (DB). Ham Wilts. Hamme 931, Hame 1086 (DB). Ham, East & Ham, West Gtr. London . Hamme 958, Hame 1086 (DB), Est Hammes c.1250, Westhamma 1186. Ham, High Somerset . Hamme 973, Hame 1086 (DB).

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Hamble Hants. Hamele 1165.

Named from the River Hamble on which it stands, ‘crooked river’, i.e. ‘river with bends in it’, from
OE hamel + a.

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Hambleden Bucks. Hamelan dene 1015, Hanbledene 1086 (DB).

‘Crooked or undulating valley’.
OE hamel + denu.

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Hambledon,

‘crooked or irregularly-shaped hill’,
OE hamel + dn: Hambledon Hants. Hamelandunæ 956, Hamledune 1086 (DB). Hambledon Surrey . Hameledune 1086 (DB).

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Hambleton,

usually ‘farmstead at the crooked hill’,
OE hamel + tn: Hambleton Lancs. Hameltune 1086 (DB). Hambleton N. Yorks., near Selby . Hameltun 1086 (DB).
However the following has the same origin as HAMBLEDON: Hambleton, Upper Rutland . Hameldun 1086 (DB).

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Hambrook S. Glos. Hanbroc 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘brook by the stone’.
OE hn + brc.

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Hamdon Hill Somerset ,

see NORTON SUB HAMDON, STOKE SUB HAMDON.

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Hameringham Lincs. Hameringam 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the dwellers at the cliff or steep hill’.
OE hamor + -inga- + hm.

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Hamerton Cambs. Hambertune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead with a smithy’, or ‘farmstead where a plant such as hammer-sedge grows’.
OE hamor + tn.

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Hammersmith Gtr. London . Hamersmythe 1294.

‘(Place with) a hammer smithy or forge’.
OE hamor + smiththe.

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Hammerton, Green & Hammerton, Kirk N. Yorks. Hambretone 1086 (DB), Grenhamerton 1176, Kyrkehamerton 1226.

Probably identical in origin with HAMERTON (Cambs.). Distinguishing affixes from
OE grne ‘village green’ and
OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Hammerwich Staffs . Humeruuich (sic) 1086 (DB), Hamerwich 1191.

Probably ‘building with a smithy’.
OE hamor + wc.

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Hammoon Dorset. Hame 1086 (DB), Hamme Moun 1280.

‘Enclosure or land in a river-bend’.
OE hamm, with manorial affix from the Moion family which held the manor in 1086.

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Hampden, Great & Hampden, Little Bucks. Hamdena 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley with an enclosure’.
OE hamm + denu.

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Hampnett Glos. Hantone 1086 (DB), Hamtonett 1213.

‘High farmstead’.
OE hah (dative han) + tn, with the addition of OFrench -ette ‘little’.

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Hampole S. Yorks. Hanepole 1086 (DB).

‘Pool of a man called Hana’, or ‘pool frequented by cocks (of wild birds)’.
OE pers. name or OE hana + pl.

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Hampshire (the county) . Hamtunscir late 9th cent.

‘District based on Hamtun (i.e. SOUTHAMPTON)’.
OE scr.

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Hampstead, Hamstead,

‘the homestead’,
OE hm-stede: Hampstead Gtr. London . Hemstede 959, Hamestede 1086 (DB). Hampstead Norris Berks. Hanstede 1086 (DB), Hampstede Norreys 1517. Manorial affix from the Norreys family who bought the manor in 1448. Hamstead I. of Wight. Hamestede 1086 (DB). Hamstead W. Mids. Hamsted 1227. Hamstead Marshall Berks. Hamestede 1086 (DB), Hamsted Marchal 1284. Manorial affix from the Marshal family, here in the 13th cent.

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Hampsthwaite N. Yorks. Hamethwayt c.1180.

‘Clearing of a man called Hamr or Hamall’.
OScand. pers. name + thveit.

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Hampton,

a common name, has no less than three different origins. Some are from
OE hm-tn ‘home farm, homestead’: Hampton Lovett Heref. & Worcs. Hamtona 716, Hamtune 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the Luvet family, here in the 13th cent. Hampton, Meysey Glos. Hantone 1086 (DB), Meseishampton 1287. Manorial addition from the de Meisi family, here from the 12th cent. Hampton Poyle Oxon. Hantone 1086 (DB), Hampton Poile 1428. Manorial affix from the de la Puile family, here in the 13th cent.
Other Hamptons are ‘farmstead in an enclosure or river-bend’,
OE hamm + tn: Hampton Gtr. London . Hamntone 1086 (DB). Hampton Bishop Heref. & Worcs. Hantune 1086 (DB), Homptone 1240. Manorial affix from early possession by the Bishop of Hereford. Hampton Lucy Warwicks. Homtune 781, Hantone 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from its possession by the Lucy family in the 16th cent.
Other Hamptons are ‘high farmstead’,
OE hah (dative han) + tn: Hampton Heref. & Worcs., near Evesham . Heantune 780, Hantun 1086 (DB). Hampton Shrops. Hempton 1391. Hampton in Arden W. Mids. Hantone 1086 (DB). Affix refers to the medieval Forest of Arden, see HENLEY-IN-ARDEN. Hampton on the Hill Warwicks. Hamtone 12th cent.

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Hams, South (district) Devon . Southammes 1396.

Possibly ‘cultivated areas of land to the south (of Dartmoor)’.
OE sth + hamm.

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Hamsey E. Sussex. Hamme 961, Hame 1086 (DB), Hammes Say 1306.

‘The enclosure, the land in a river-bend’.
OE hamm with manorial addition from the de Say family, here in the 13th cent.

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Hamstead,

see HAMPSTEAD.

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Hamsterley Durham . Hamsteleie c.1190.

‘Clearing infested with corn-weevils’.
OE hamstra + lah.

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Hamstall Ridware Staffs. ,

see RIDWARE.

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Hamworthy Dorset. Hamme 1236, Hamworthy 1463.

OE hamm ‘enclosure’, here possibly ‘peninsula’, with the later addition of worthig ‘enclosure’.

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Hanborough, Church & Hanborough, Long Oxon. Haneberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Hagena or Hana’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Hanbury,

‘high or chief fortified place’,
OE hah (dative han) + burh (dative byrig): Hanbury Heref. & Worcs. Heanburh c.765, Hambyrie 1086 (DB). Hanbury Staffs . Hambury c.1185.

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Hanchurch Staffs . Hancese (sic) 1086 (DB), Hanchurche 1212.

‘High church’.
OE hah (dative han) + cirice.

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Handbridge Ches , Bruge 1086 (DB), Honebrugge c.1150.

‘Bridge at the rock’.
OE hn + brycg.

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Handcross W. Sussex , recorded as Handcrosse 1617,

perhaps ‘cross used as a signpost’, or ‘cross-roads where five roads meet’.

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Handforth Ches. Haneford 12th cent.

‘Ford frequented by cocks (of wild birds)’, or ‘ford at the stones (used as markers)’.
OE hana or hn + ford.

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Handley,

‘high wood or clearing’,
OE hah (dative han) + lah: Handley Ches. Hanlei 1086 (DB). Handley, Sixpenny Dorset. Hanlee 877, Hanlege 1086 (DB), Sexpennyhanley 1575. Affix added in 16th cent. from an old Hundred name Sexpene ‘hill of the Saxons’, from
OE Seaxe + Celtic penn. Handley, West Derbys. Henleie 1086 (DB).

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Handsacre Staffs . Hadesacre (sic) 1086 (DB), Handesacra 1196.

‘Arable plot of a man called Hand’.
OE pers. name + æcer.

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Handsworth S. Yorks. Handesuuord 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Hand’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Handsworth W. Mids. Honesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Hn’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Hanford Staffs . Heneford (sic) 1086 (DB), Honeford 1212.

‘Ford frequented by cocks (of wild birds)’, or ‘ford at the stones’.
OE hana or hn + ford.

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Hanham S. Glos. Hanun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the rocks’.
OE hn in a dative plural form hnum.

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Hankelow Ches. Honcolawe 12th cent.

‘Mound or hill of a man called Haneca’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Hankerton Wilts. Hanekyntone 680.

‘Estate associated with a man called Haneca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Hankham E. Sussex. Hanecan hamme 947, Henecham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Haneca’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Hanley,

‘high wood or clearing’,
OE hah (dative han) + lah: Hanley Staffs . Henle 1212. Hanley Castle Heref. & Worcs. Hanlege 1086 (DB). Affix from the early 13th cent. castle here. Hanley Child & Hanley William Heref. & Worcs. Hanlege 1086 (DB), Cheldreshanle 1255, Williames Henle 1275. Affixes from OE cild (plural cildra) ‘young monk, noble-born son’, and from a William de la Mare who held one of the manors in 1242.

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Hanlith N. Yorks. Hangelif (sic) 1086 (DB), Hahgenlid 12th cent.

‘Slope or hill-side of a man called Hagni or Hgni’.
OScand. pers. name + hlíth.

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Hanney, East & Hanney, West Oxon. Hannige 956, Hannei 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or land between streams, frequented by cocks (of wild birds)’.
OE hana + g.

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Hanningfield, East, Hanningfield, South, & Hanningfield, West Essex . Hamningefelde c.1036, Haningefelda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land of the family or followers of a man called Hana’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Hannington Hants. Hanningtun 1023, Hanitune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hana’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Hannington Northants. Hanintone 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Hannington Wilts. Hanindone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill frequented by cocks (of wild birds)’, or ‘hill of a man called Hana’.
OE hana (genitive plural hanena) or OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Hanslope Bucks. Hamslape 1086 (DB).

‘Muddy place or slope of a man called Hma’.
OE pers. name + slp.

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Hanthorpe Lincs. Hermodestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Heremd or Hermóthr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Hanwell Gtr. London . Hanewelle 959, Hanewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream frequented by cocks (of wild birds)’.
OE hana + wella.

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Hanwell Oxon. Hanewege 1086 (DB), Haneuell 1236.

‘Way (and stream) of a man called Hana’.
OE pers. name + weg (replaced by wella in the 13th cent.).

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Hanwood, Great Shrops . Hanewde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘wood frequented by cocks (of wild birds)’,
OE hana + wudu. Alternatively the first element could be
OE hn ‘rock, stone’ or the OE pers. name Hana.

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Hanworth Gtr. London . Haneworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Hana’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Hanworth Norfolk . Haganaworda 1086 (DB),

‘Enclosure of a man called Hagena’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Hanworth, Cold Lincs . Haneurde 1086 (DB), Calthaneworth 1322.

‘Enclosure of a man called Hana’.
OE pers. name + worth. Affix is
OE cald ‘cold, exposed’.

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Happisburgh Norfolk . Hapesburc 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Hæp’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Hapsford Ches. Happesford 13th cent.

‘Ford of a man called Hæp’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Hapton Lancs. Apton 1242.

‘Farmstead by a hill’.
OE hap + tn.

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Hapton Norfolk . Habetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hab(b)a’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Harberton Devon . Herburnaton 1108.

‘Farmstead on the River Harbourne’.
OE river-name (‘pleasant stream’ from OE hore + burna) + tn.

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Harbledown Kent . Herebolddune 1175.

‘Hill of a man called Herebeald’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Harborne W. Mids. Horeborne 1086 (DB).

‘Dirty or muddy stream’.
OE horu + burna.

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Harborough Magna Warwicks. Herdeberge 1086 (DB), Hardeburgh Magna 1498.

‘Hill of the flocks or herds’.
OE heord + beorg. Affix is
Latin magna ‘great’.

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Harborough, Market Leics . Haverbergam 1153, Mercat Heburgh 1312.

Probably ‘hill where oats are grown’.
OScand. hafri or OE hæfera + OScand. berg or OE beorg. Alternatively the first element may be
OE hæfer or OScand. hafr ‘a hegoat’. Affix
(ME merket) from the important market here.

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Harbottle Northum. Hirbotle c.1220.

Probably ‘dwelling of the hireling’.
OE hra + bthl.

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Harbourne (river) Devon ,

see HARBERTON.

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Harbury Warwicks. Hereburgebyrig 1002, Erburgeberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold or manor-house of a woman called Hereburh’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Harby,

‘farmstead of a man called Herrøthr’ or ‘farmstead with a herd or flock’,
OScand. pers. name or OScand. hjrth + bý: Harby Leics. Herdebi 1086 (DB). Harby Notts. Herdrebi 1086 (DB).

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Harden W. Yorks. Hareden late 12th cent.

‘Rock valley’. or ‘valley frequented by hares’.
OE hær or hara + denu.

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Hardham W. Sussex . Heriedeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or river-meadow of a woman called Heregth’.
OE pers, name + hm or hamm.

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Hardingham Norfolk . Hardingeham 1161.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hearda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Hardingstone Northants. Hardingestone 1086 (DB), Hardingesthorn 12th cent.

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Hearding’.
OE pers. name + thorn.

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Hardington,

‘estate associated with a man called Hearda’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Hardington Somerset . Hardintone 1086 (DB). Hardington Mandeville Somerset . Hardintone 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from its possession by the de Mandeville family from the 12th cent.

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Hardley Hants. Hardelie 1086 (DB).

‘Hard clearing’.
OE heard + lah.

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Hardley Street Norfolk . Hardale 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Hardmead Bucks. Herulfmede 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘meadow of a man called Heoruwulf or Herewulf’.
OE pers. name + md.

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Hardres, Upper Kent. Haredum 785, Hardes 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the woods’.
OE harad in a plural form.

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Hardstoft Derbys. Hertestaf (sic) 1086 (DB), Hertistoft 1257.

‘Homestead of a man called Heort or Hjrtr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OScand. toft.

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Hardwick, Hardwicke,

a common name,‘herd farm, farm for livestock’,
OE heorde-wc: Hardwick Bucks. Harduich 1086 (DB). Hardwick Cambs. Hardwic c.1050, Harduic 1086 (DB). Hardwick Norfolk, near King's Lynn . Herdwic 1242. Hardwick Northants. Heordewican c.1067, Herdewiche 1086 (DB). Hardwick Oxon., near Bicester . Hardewich 1086 (DB). Hardwick Oxon., near Witney . Herdewic 1199. Hardwick, East & Hardwick, West W. Yorks. Harduic 1086 (DB). Hardwick, Priors Warwicks. Herdewyk 1043, Herdewiche 1086 (DB), Herdewyk Priour 1310. Affix from its possession by Coventry Priory in the 11th cent. Hardwicke Glos., near Stroud . Herdewike 12th cent. Hardwicke Glos., near Tewkesbury . Herdeuuic 1086 (DB). Hardwicke Heref. & Worcs., near Clifford . La Herdewyk 14th cent.

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Hardy Lancs. ,

see CHORLTON.

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Hareby Lincs. Harebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Hri’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Harefield Gtr. London . Herefelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Herefeld 1206.

Probably ‘open land used by an army (perhaps a Viking army)’.
OE here + feld.

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Haresfield Glos. Hersefel 1086 (DB), Hersefeld 1213.

‘Open land of a man called Hersa’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Harewood W. Yorks. Harawuda 10th cent., Hareuuode 1086 (DB).

‘Grey wood’, or ‘wood by the rocks’, or ‘wood frequented by hares’.
OE hr or hær or hara + wudu.

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Harford Devon, near Ivybridge . Hereford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford suitable for the passage of an army’.
OE here-ford

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.Hargrave,

probably ‘hoar grove, or grove on a boundary’,
OE hr + grf or grfe: Hargrave Ches. Haregrave 1086 (DB). Hargrave Northants. Haregrave 1086 (DB). Hargrave Suffolk . Haragraua 1086 (DB).

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Harkstead Suffolk . Herchesteda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘pasture or homestead of a man called Hereca’.
OE pers. name + stede.

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Harlaston Staffs . Heorelfestun 1002, Horulvestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Heoruwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Harlaxton Lincs. Herlavestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Herelf or Heorulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Harlesden Gtr. London . Herulvestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Heoruwulf or Herewulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Harleston, Harlestone,

‘farmstead of a man called Heoruwulf or Herewulf’,
OE pers. name + tn: Harleston Devon . Harliston 1252. Harleston Norfolk . Heroluestuna 1086 (DB). Harleston Suffolk . Heroluestuna 1086 (DB). Harlestone Northants. Herolvestune 1086 (DB).

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Harley Shrops. Harlege 1086 (DB), Herleia c.1090.

Probably ‘rock wood or clearing’.
OE hær + lah.

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Harling, East Norfolk : Herlinge c.1060, Herlinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Herela’, or ‘place of a man called Herela’.
OE pers. name + -ingas or -ing.

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Harlington Beds. Herlingdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the family or followers of a man called Herela’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + dn.

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Harlington Gtr. London . Hygereding tun 831, Herdintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hygerd’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Harlow Essex . Herlawe 1045, Herlaua 1086 (DB).

‘Mound or hill associated with an army (perhaps a Viking army)’.
OE here + hlw.

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Harlow Hill Northum. Hirlawe 1242.

Possibly identical in origin with the previous name.

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Harlsey, East N. Yorks . Herlesege 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Herel’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Harlthorpe E. R. Yorks. Herlesthorpia 1150–60.

‘Outlying farmstead of a man called Herleifr or Herlaugr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Harlton Cambs. Herletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Herela’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Harmby N. Yorks. Hernebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hjarni’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Harmondsworth Gtr. London . Hermodesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Heremd’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Harmston Lincs. Hermodestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Heremd or Hermóthr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Harnham, East & Harnham, West Wilts. Harnham 1115.

Probably ‘enclosure frequented by hares’.
OE hara (genitive plural harena) + hamm.

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Harnhill Glos. Harehille 1086 (DB).

‘Grey hill’ or ‘hill frequented by hares’.
OE hr (dative -an) or hara (genitive plural -ena) + hyll.

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Harold Hill Gtr. London ,

named from HAROLD WOOD.

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Harold Wood Gtr. London . Horalds Wood c.1237.

Named from Earl Harold, king of England until his defeat at Hastings in 1066; he held the nearby manor of Havering.

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Harome N. Yorks. Harum 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the rocks or stones’.
OE hær in a dative plural form harum.

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Harpenden Herts. Herpedene c.1060.

‘Valley of the harp’.
OE hearpe (genitive -an) + denu. Alternatively the first element may be a reduced form of
OE here-pæth ‘highway or main road’.

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Harpford Devon . Harpeford 1167.

‘Ford on a highway or main road’.
OE, here- pæth + ford.

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Harpham E. R. Yorks. Arpen (sic) 1086 (DB), Harpam 1100–15.

‘Homestead where the harp is played’.
OE hearpe + hm. Alternatively the first element may have the sense ‘salt-harp, sieve for making salt’.

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Harpley,

‘clearing of the harp’, perhaps ‘harp-shaped clearing’,
OE hearpe + lah: Harpley Norfolk . Herpelai 1086 (DB). Harpley Heref. & Worcs. Hoppeleia (sic) 1222, Harpele 1275.

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Harpole Northants. Horpol 1086 (DB).

‘Dirty or muddy pool’.
OE horu + pl.

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Harpsden Oxon. Harpendene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of the harp’.
OE hearpe (genitive -an) + denu.

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Harpswell Lincs. Herpeswelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of the harp or harper’.
OE hearpe or hearpere + wella.

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Harptree, East & Harptree, West B. & NE. Som. Harpetreu 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘tree by a highway or main road’.
OE here-pæth + trow.

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Harpurhey Gtr. Manch. Harpourhey 1320.

‘Enclosure of a man called Harpour’.
OE hæg with the surname of a 14th cent. landowner.

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Harrietsham Kent . Herigeardes hamm 10th cent., Hariardesham 1086 (DB).

‘River-meadow of a man called Heregeard, or near army quarters’.
OE pers. name (or OE here + geard) + hamm.

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Harringay Gtr. London ,

see HORNSEY.

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Harrington Cumbria . Haueringtona c.1160.

‘Estate associated with a man called Hæfer’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Harrington Lincs. Haringtona 12th cent.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Hæring’, from
OE pers. name + tn, or the first element may be an OE hæring ‘stony place’ or hring ‘grey wood’.

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Harrington Northants. Arintone (sic) 1086 (DB), Hederingeton 1184.

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Heathuhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Harringworth Northants. Haringwrth c.1060, Haringeworde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosure of the dwellers at a stony place’.
OE hær + -inga- + worth.

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Harrogate N. Yorks. Harwegate 1332.

‘(Place at) the road to the cairn or heap of stones’.
OScand. hrgr + gata.

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Harrold Beds. Hareuuelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Harewolda 1163.

Probably ‘high forestland on a boundary’.
OE hr + weald.

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Harrow Gtr. London . Hearge 825, Herges 1086 (DB).

‘Heathen shrine or temple’.
OE hearg.

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Harrow Weald Gtr. London . Welde 1282, Harewewelde 1388.

‘Woodland near HARROW’.
OE weald.

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Harrowden, Great & Harrowden, Little Northants. Hargedone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the heathen shrines or temples’.
OE hearg + dn.

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Harston Cambs. Herlestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Herel’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Harston Leics. Herstan 1086 (DB).

‘Grey or boundary stone’.
OE hr + stn.

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Hart Hartlepl. Heruteu 8th cent.

‘Island or peninsula frequented by harts or stags’.
OE heorot + g.

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Hartburn,

‘stream frequented by harts or stags’,
OE heorot + burna: Hartburn Northum. Herteburne 1198. Hartburn, East Stock. on T. Herteburna c.1190.

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Hartest Suffolk . Hertest c.1050, Herterst 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded hill frequented by harts or stags’.
OE heorot + hyrst.

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Hartfield E. Sussex. Hertevel (sic) 1086 (DB), Hertefeld 12th cent.

‘Open land frequented by harts or stags’.
OE heorot + feld.

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Hartford,

usually ‘ford frequented by harts or stags’,
OE heorot + ford: Hartford Ches. Herford (sic) 1086 (DB), Hartford late 12th cent. Hartford, East Northum. Hertford 1198.
However the following has a different origin: Hartford Cambs. Hereforde 1086 (DB). ‘Ford suitable for the passage of an army’.
OE here-ford.

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Harthill,

‘hill frequented by harts or stags’,
OE heorot + hyll: Harthill Ches. Herthil 1259. Harthill S. Yorks. Hertil 1086 (DB).

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Harting, East & Harting, South W. Sussex . Hertingas 970, Hertinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Heort’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Hartington Derbys. Hortedun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill of the harts or stags’.
OE heorot + dn.

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Hartland Devon . Heortigtun c.880, Hertitona 1086 (DB), Hertilanda 1130.

‘Farmstead (or estate) on the peninsula frequented by harts or stags’.
OE heorot + eg + tn (later land).

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Hartlebury Heref. & Worcs. Heortlabyrig 817, Huerteberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Heortla’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Hartlepool Hartlepl . Herterpol c.1170.

‘Pool or bay near the stag peninsula’.
OE heorot + g + pl.

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Hartley,

usually ‘wood or clearing frequented by harts or stags’,
OE heorot + lah; examples include: Hartley Kent , near Cranbrook. Heoratleag 843. Hartley Kent, near Longfield . Erclei (sic) 1086 (DB), Hertle 1253. Hartley Westpall Hants. Harlei 1086 (DB), Hertlegh Waspayl c.1270. Manorial addition from early possession by the Waspail family. Hartley Wintney Hants. Hurtlege 12th cent., Hertleye Wynteneye 13th cent. Manorial addition from its possession by the Priory of Wintney in the 13th cent.
However other Hartleys have different origins: Hartley Cumbria . Harteclo 1176. Probably ‘hard ridge of land’.
OE heard + cl. Hartley Northum. Hertelawa 1167. ‘Mound or hill frequented by harts or stags’.
OE heorot + hlw.

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Hartlip Kent . Heordlyp 11th cent.

‘Gate or fence over which harts or stags can leap’.
OE heorot + hlep.

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Harton N. Yorks. Heretune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead by the rocks or stones’.
OE hær + tn.

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Harton Tyne & Wear. Heortedun 1104–8.

‘Hill frequented by harts or stags’.
OE heorot + dn.

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Hartpury Glos. Hardepiry 12th cent.

‘Pear-tree with hard fruit’.
OE heard + pirige.

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Hartshill Warwicks. Ardreshille (sic) 1086 (DB), Hardredeshella 1151.

‘Hill of a man called Heardrd’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Hartshorne Derbys. Heorteshorne 1086 (DB).

‘Hart's horn’, i.e. ‘hill thought to resemble a hart's horn’.
OE heorot + horn.

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Hartwell Northants. Hertewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream frequented by harts or stags’.
OE heorot + wella.

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Harvington Heref. & Worcs. Herverton 709, Herferthun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near the ford suitable for the passage of an army’.
OE here-ford + tn.

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Harwell Oxon. Haranwylle 956, Harvvelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream by the hill called Hra (the grey one)’.
OE hill-name (from hr ‘grey’) + wella.

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Harwich Essex . Herewic 1248.

‘Army camp’, probably that of a Viking army.
OE here-wc.

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Harwood,

‘grey wood’, ‘wood by the rocks’, or ‘wood frequented by hares’,
OE hr or hær or hara + wudu: Harwood Gtr. Manch. Harewode 1212. Harwood Dale N. Yorks. Harewode 1301, Harwoddale 1577. With
OScand. dalr ‘valley’. Harwood, Great Lancs. Majori Harewuda early 12th cent. Affix is
Latin maior ‘greater’.

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Harworth Notts. Hareworde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure on the boundary’.
OE hr + worth.

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Hascombe Surrey . Hescumb 1232.

Possibly ‘the witch's valley’.
OE hægtesse + cumb.

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Haselbech Northants. Esbece (sic) 1086 (DB), Haselbech 12th cent.

‘Valley-stream where hazels grow’.
OE hæsel + bece.

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Haselbury Plucknett Somerset . Halberge (sic) 1086 (DB), Haselbare Ploukenet 1431.

‘Hazel wood or grove’.
OE hæsel + bearu. Manorial affix from its possession by the de Plugenet family in the 13th cent.

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Haseley, Great & Haseley, Little Oxon. Hæseleia 1002, Haselie 1086 (DB).

‘Hazel wood or clearing’.
OE hæsel + lah.

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Haselor Warwicks. Haseloue 1086 (DB).

‘Slope or hill where hazels grow’.
OE hæsel + ofer.

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Hasfield Glos. Hasfelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land where hazels grow’.
OE hæsel + feld.

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Hasketon Suffolk . Haschetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Haseca’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Hasland Derbys. Haselont 1129–38.

‘Hazel grove’.
OScand. hasl + lundr.

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Haslemere Surrey . Heselmere 1221.

‘Pool where hazels grow’.
OE hæsel + mere.

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Haslingden Lancs. Heselingedon 1241.

‘Valley growing with hazels’.
OE hæslen + denu.

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Haslingfield Cambs. Haslingefeld 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land of the family or followers of a man called Hæsel(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld. Alternatively the first element may be the genitive plural of an
OE hæsling ‘place growing with hazels’.

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Haslington Ches. Hasillinton early 13th cent.

‘Farmstead where hazels grow’.
OE hæslen + tn.

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Hassall Ches. Eteshale (sic) 1086 (DB), Hatishale 13th cent.

‘The witch's nook of land’.
OE hægtesse + halh.

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Hassingham Norfolk . Hasingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hasu’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Hassocks W. Sussex ,

a 19th cent. settlement named from a field called Hassocks, from
OE hassuc ‘clump of coarse grass’.

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Hassop Derbys. Hetesope 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘the witch's valley’.
OE hægtesse + hop.

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Hastingleigh Kent . Hæstingalege 993, Hastingelai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Hsta’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Hastings E. Sussex. Hastinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Hsta’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. Earlier Hæstingaceaster c.915, ‘Roman town of Hsta's people’, from
OE ceaster.

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Haswell Durham . Hessewella 1131.

Probably ‘spring or stream where hazels grow’.
OE hæsel + wella.

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Hatch,

a common name, from
OE hæcc ‘a hatch-gate (leading to a forest)’ or
‘floodgate (in a stream)’; examples include: Hatch Beds. La Hache 1232. Hatch Hants. Heche 1086 (DB). Hatch Wilts. Hache 1200. Hatch Beauchamp Somerset . Hache 1086 (DB), Hache Beauchampe 1243. Manorial affix from its possession by the Beauchamp family in the 13th cent. Hatch, West Somerset . Hache 1201, Westhache 1243.

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Hatch End Gtr. London . Le Hacchehend 1448.

‘District by the gate’ (probably a gate to Pinner Park).
OE hæcc + ende.

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Hatcliffe NE. Lincs. Hadecliue 1086 (DB).

‘Cliff or bank of a man called Hadda’.
OE pers. name + clif.

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Hatfield,

a common name, ‘heathy open land, or open land where heather grows’,
OE hth + feld; examples include: Hatfield Heref. & Worcs. , near Kempsey. Hadfeld 1182. Hatfield Heref. & Worcs. , near Pudlestone. Hetfelde 1086 (DB). Hatfield Herts. Haethfelth 731, Hetfelle 1086 (DB). Hatfield S. Yorks. Haethfelth 731, Hedfeld 1086 (DB). Hatfield Broad Oak Essex . Hadfelda 1086 (DB), Hatfeld Brodehoke c.1130. Affix from a large oak-tree,
OE brd + c. Hatfield, Great & Hatfield, Little E. R. Yorks. Haifeld, Heifeld 1086 (DB), Haitefeld 12th cent. First element influenced by
OScand. heithr ‘heath’. Hatfield Peverel Essex . Hadfelda 1086 (DB), Hadfeld Peurell 1166. Manorial affix from its possession by Ralph Peverel in 1086.

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Hatford Oxon. Hevaford (sic) 1086 (DB), Hauetford 1176.

‘Ford near a headland or hill’.
OE hafod + ford.

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Hatherden Hants. Hetherden 1193.

Probably ‘hawthorn valley’.
OE haguthorn + denu.

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Hatherleigh Devon . Hadreleia 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with the next name.

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Hatherley, Down & Hatherley, Up Glos. Athelai 1086 (DB), Dunheytherleye 1273, Hupheberleg 1221.

‘Hawthorn clearing’.
OE hagu-thorn + lah. Distinguishing affixes from
OE dne ‘lower downstream’ and upp ‘higher upstream’.

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Hathern Leics. Avederne (sic) 1086 (DB), Hacthurne 1230.

‘(Place at) the hawthorn’.
OE hagu-thyrne.

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Hatherop Glos. Etherope 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘high outlying farmstead’.
OE hah + throp.

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Hathersage Derbys. Hereseige (sic) 1086 (DB), Hauersegg c.1220.

‘He-goat's ridge’, or ‘ridge of a man called Hæfer’.
OE hæfer or OE pers. name + ecg.

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Hatherton Ches. Haretone (sic) 1086 (DB), Hatherton 1262.

‘Farmstead where hawthorn grows’.
OE hagu-thorn + tn.

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Hatherton Staffs . Hagenthorndun 996, Hargedone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where hawthorn grows’.
OE hagu-thorn + dn.

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Hatley,

probably ‘woodland clearing on the hill’,
OE hætt + lah: Hatley, Cockayne Beds. Hattenleia c.960, Hatelai 1086 (DB), Cocking Hatley 1576. Manorial affix from the Cockayne family, here in the 15th cent. Hatley, East & Hatley St George Cambs. Hatelai 1086 (DB), Esthatteleia 1199, Hattele de Sancto Georgio 1279. Distinguishing affixes from
OE ast ‘east’ and from possession by the family de Sancto Georgio here in the 13th cent.

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Hattingley Hants. Hattingele 1204.

Probably ‘woodland clearing at the hill place’.
OE hætt + -ing + lah.

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Hatton,

‘farmstead on a heath’,
OE hth + tn; examples include: Hatton Ches. Hattone c.1230. Hatton Derbys. Hatune 1086 (DB). Hatton Gtr. London . Hatone 1086 (DB). Hatton Lincs. Hatune 1086 (DB). Hatton Shrops. Hatton 1212. Hatton, Cold & Hatton, High Shrops. Hatune, Hetune 1086 (DB), Colde Hatton 1233, Heye Hatton 1327. Distinguishing affixes from
OE cald ‘cold, exposed’ and hah ‘high, chief’. Hatton Heath Ches. Etone (sic) 1086 (DB), Hettun 1185.

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Haugham Lincs. Hecham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘high or chief homestead’.
OE hah + hm.

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Haughley Suffolk . Hagele c.1040, Hagala 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing with a hedge, or where haws grow’.
OE haga + lah.

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Haughton,

usually ‘farmstead in or by a nook of land’,
OE halh + tn: Haughton Shrops. , near Oswestry. Halchton 1285. Haughton Shrops. , near Shifnal. Halghton 1281. Haughton Shrops. , near Shrewsbury. Haustone 1086 (DB). Haughton Staffs . Haltone 1086 (DB). Haughton Green Gtr. Manch. Halghton 1307. Haughton-le-Skerne Durham . Halhtun c.1050. On the River Skerne (for the origin of this river-name see SKERNE with which it is identical in meaning).
However the following has a different origin: Haughton Notts. Hoctun 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead on a spur of land’.
OE hh + tn.

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Haunton Staffs . Hagnatun 942.

‘Farmstead of a man called Hagena’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Hautbois, Little Norfolk . Hobbesse 1044–7, Hobuisse 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘marshy meadow with tussocks or hummocks’.
OE hobb + wisc, wisse.

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Hauxley Northum. Hauekeslaw 1204.

‘Mound of the hawk, or of a man called Hafoc’.
OE hafoc or pers. name + hlw.

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Hauxton Cambs. Hafucestune c.975, Hauochestun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hafoc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Hauxwell, East N. Yorks. Hauocheswelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring of the hawk, or of a man called Hafoc’.
OE hafoc or pers. name + wella.

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Havant Hants. Hamanfuntan 935, Havehunte 1086 (DB).

‘Spring of a man called Hma’.
OE pers. name + funta.

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Havenstreet I. of Wight. Hethenestrete 1255.

Probably ‘street (of houses) or hamlet of a man called le Hethene’, from
ME strete. A certain Richard le Hethene is recorded in this area c.1240. Alternatively perhaps ‘heather-covered street’, from
OE hthen.

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Haverhill Suffolk . Hauerhella 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill where oats are grown’.
OScand. hafri + OE hyll.

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Haverigg Cumbria . Haverig c.1180.

‘Ridge where oats are grown, or where hegoats graze’.
OScand. hafri or hafr + hryggr.

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Havering-atte-Bower Gtr. London . Haueringas 1086 (DB), Hauering atte Bower 1272.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Hæfer’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. Affix means ‘at the bower or royal residence’ from
OE br.

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Haversham Bucks. Hæfæresham 10th cent., Havresham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or river-meadow of a man called Hæfer’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Haverthwaite Cumbria . Haverthwayt 1336.

‘Clearing where oats are grown’.
OScand. hafri + thveit.

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Hawes N. Yorks. Hawes 1614.

‘(Place at) the pass between the hills’.
OE hals.

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Hawkchurch Devon . Hauekechierch 1196.

‘Church of a man called Hafoc’.
OE pers. name + cirice.

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Hawkedon Suffolk . Hauokeduna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill frequented by hawks’.
OE hafoc + dn.

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Hawkesbury S. Glos. Havochesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of the hawk, or of a man called Hafoc’.
OE hafoc or OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Hawkhill Northum. Hauechil 1178.

‘Hill frequented by hawks’.
OE hafoc + hyll.

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Hawkhurst Kent . Hauekehurst 1254.

‘Wooded hill frequented by hawks’.
OE hafoc + hyrst.

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Hawkinge Kent . Hauekinge 1204.

‘Place frequented by hawks’, or ‘place of a man called Hafoc’.
OE hafoc or pers. name + -ing.

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Hawkley Hants. Hauecle 1207.

‘Woodland clearing frequented by hawks’.
OE hafoc + lah.

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Hawkridge Somerset . Hauekerega 1194.

‘Ridge frequented by hawks’.
OE hafoc + hrycg.

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Hawkshead Cumbria . Hovkesete c.1200.

‘Mountain pasture of a man called Haukr’.
OScand. pers. name + str.

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Hawkswick N. Yorks. Hochesuuic (sic) 1086 (DB), Haukeswic 1176.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Haukr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE wc.

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Hawksworth Notts. Hochesuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Hc’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Hawksworth W. Yorks. Hafecesweorthe c.1030, Hauocesorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Hafoc’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Hawkwell Essex . Hacuuella 1086 (DB).

‘Winding stream’.
OE haca + wella.

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Hawley Hants. Hallee, Halely 1248.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing near a hall or large house’.
OE heall + lah. Alternatively the first element may be healh ‘nook or corner of land’.

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Hawley Kent . Hagelei (sic) 1086 (DB), Halgeleg 1203.

‘Holy wood or clearing’.
OE hlig + lah.

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Hawling Glos. Hallinge 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the people from HALLOW’, or ‘(settlement of) the people at the nook of land’.
OE halh + -ingas. Alternatively, identical in origin with HALLING (Kent).

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Hawnby N. Yorks. Halm(e)bi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Halmi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. halmr ‘straw’.

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Haworth W. Yorks. Hauewrth 1209.

‘Enclosure with a hedge’.
OE haga + worth.

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Hawsker, High N. Yorks. Houkesgarth c.1125.

‘Enclosure of a man called Haukr’.
OScand. pers. name + garthr.

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Hawstead Suffolk . Haldsteda 1086 (DB).

‘Place of refuge or shelter’.
OE h(e)ald + stede.

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Hawthorn Durham . Hagethorn 1155.

‘(Place at) the hawthorn’.
OE hagu-thorn.

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Hawton Notts. Holtone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead in a hollow’.
OE hol + tn.

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Haxby York. Haxebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hákr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Haxey N. Lincs. Acheseia 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Hákr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE g or OScand. ey.

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Haydock Mersey . Hedoc 1169.

Probably a Welsh name from heiddiog ‘barley place, corn farm’.

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Haydon,

usually ‘hill or down where hay is made’,
OE hg + dn: Haydon Dorset. Heydone 1163. Haydon Wick Wilts. Haydon 1242, Haydonwyk 1249. The addition is
OE wc ‘dairy farm’. However the following has a different second element: Haydon Bridge Northum. Hayden 1236. ‘Valley where hay is made’.
OE hg + denu.

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Hayes,

‘land overgrown with brushwood’,
OE hs(e): Hayes Gtr. London , near Bromley. Hesa 1177. Hayes Gtr. London , near Hillingdon. Hæse 831, Hesa 1086 (DB).

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Hayfield Derbys. Hedfelt (sic) 1086 (DB), Heyfeld 1285.

‘Open land where hay is obtained’.
OE hg + feld.

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Hayle Cornwall . Heyl 1265.

Named from the River Hayle,
a Celtic name meaning ‘estuary’.

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Hayling Island Hants. Heglingaigæ 956, Halingei 1086 (DB).

‘Island of the family or followers of a man called Hægel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + g.

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Hayling, North & Hayling, South Hants. Hailinges c.1140.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Hægel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Haynes Beds. Hagenes 1086 (DB).

‘The enclosures’.
OE hægen, hagen in a plural form.

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Hayton,

‘farmstead where hay is made or stored’,
OE hg + tn: Hayton Cumbria , near Brampton. Hayton c.1170. Hayton E. R. Yorks. Haiton 1086 (DB). Hayton Notts. Heiton 1175.

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Haywards Heath W. Sussex . Heyworth 1261, Haywards Hoth 1544.

‘Heath by the enclosure with a hedge’.
OE hege + worth, with the later addition of hth.

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Haywood,

‘enclosed wood’,
OE hæg or hege + wudu: Haywood Heref. & Worcs. Haywode 1276,Haywood, Great & Haywood, Little Staffs . Haiwode 1086 (DB). Haywood Oaks Notts. Heywod 1232. The affix no doubt refers to some notable oak-trees.

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Hazelbury Bryan Dorset. Hasebere 1201, Hasilbere Bryan 1547.

‘Hazel wood or grove’.
OE hæsel + bearu. Manorial affix from the Bryene family, here in the 14th cent.

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Hazeley Hants. Heishulla 1167.

‘Brushwood hill’.
OE hs + hyll.

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Hazel Grove Gtr. Manch. Hesselgrove 1690.

‘Hazel copse’.
OE hæsel + grf.

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Hazelwood Derbys. Haselwode 1306.

‘Hazel wood’.
OE hæsel + wudu.

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Hazlemere Bucks. Heselmere 13th cent.

‘Pool where hazels grow’.
OE hæsel + mere.

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Hazleton Glos. Hasedene (sic) 1086 (DB), Haselton 12th cent.

‘Farmstead where hazels grow’.
OE hæsel + tn.

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Heacham Norfolk . Hecham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead with a hedge or hatch-gate’.
OE hecg or hecc + hm.

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Headbourne Worthy Hants. ,

see WORTHY.

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Headcorn Kent . Hedekaruna c.1100.

Possibly ‘tree-trunk (used as a footbridge) of a man called Hydeca’.
OE pers. name + hruna.

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Headingley W. Yorks. Hedingeleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Head(d)a’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Headington Oxon. Hedenandun 1004, Hedintone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Hedena’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Headlam Durham . Hedlum c.1190.

‘(Place at) the woodland clearings where heather grows’.
OE hth + lah (in a dative plural form laum).

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Headley,

‘woodland claring where heather grows’,
OE hth + lah; examples include: Headley Hants. Hallege 1086 (DB). Hetliga c.1190. Headley Surrey . Hallega 1086 (DB).

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Headon Notts. Hedune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘high hill’.
OE hah + dn.

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Heage Derbys. Heyheg 1251.

‘High edge or ridge’.
OE hah + ecg.

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Healaugh, Healey,

‘high clearing or wood’,
OE hah + lah: Healaugh N. Yorks , near Reeth. Hale (sic) 1086 (DB), Helagh 1200. Healey Northum. , near Hexham. Heley 1268. Healey N. Yorks. Helagh c.1280.

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Healing NE. Lincs. Hegelinge 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Hægel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Heanor Derbys. Hainoure 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the high ridge’.
OE hah (dative han) + ofer.

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Heanton Punchardon Devon . Hantone 1086 (DB), Heanton Punchardun 1297.

‘High (or chief) farm’.
OE hah (dative han) + tn. Manorial affix from its possession by the Punchardon family (from the 11th cent.).

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Heapham Lincs. Iopeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where rosehips or brambles grow’.
OE hope or hopa + hm or hamm.

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Heath,

a common name, ‘(place at) the heath’,
OE hth; examples include: Heath and Reach Beds. La Hethe 1276. See REACH. Heath Derbys. Heth 1257. Earlier called Lunt 1086 (DB) from
OScand. lundr ‘small wood, grove’.

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Heathcote Derbys. Hedcote late 12th cent.

‘Cottage(s) on a heath’.
OE hth + cot.

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Heather Leics. Hadre 1086 (DB).

‘Place where heather grows’.
OE hddre.

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Heathfield,

‘heathy open land, open land overgrown with heather’,
OE hth + feld: Heathfield E. Sussex. Hadfeld 12th cent. Heathfield Somerset . Hafella (sic) 1086 (DB), Hathfeld 1159.

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Heath Hayes Staffs . Hethhey 1570.

‘Heathy enclosure(s)’.
OE hth + hæg.

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Heathrow Gtr. London , La Hetherewe c.1410.

‘Row of houses on or near a heath’.
OE hth + rw.

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Heatley Ches. Heyteley 1525.

‘Woodland clearing where heather grows’.
OE hth + lah.

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Heaton,

a common name, ‘high farmstead’,
OE hah + tn; examples include: Heaton Tyne & Wear. Heton 1256. Heaton W. Yorks. Hetun 1160. Heaton, Castle Northum. Heton 1183. Affix may refer to a hall-house here in medieval times. Heaton, Earls W. Yorks. Etone 1086 (DB), Erlesheeton 1308. Manorial affix from possession by the Earls of Warren.

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Hebburn Tyne & Wear. Heabyrm 1104–8.

‘High burial place or tumulus’.
OE hah + byrgen.

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Hebden,

‘valley where rose-hips or brambles grow’,
OE hope or hopa + denu: Hebden N. Yorks. Hebedene 1086 (DB). Hebden Bridge W. Yorks . Hepdenbryge 1399. With
OE brycg ‘bridge’ (over Hebden Water).

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Hebron Northum. Heburn 1242.

Probably identical in origin with HEBBURN.

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Heck, Great N. Yorks. Hech 1153–5.

‘The hatch or gate’.
OE hæcc.

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Heckfield Hants. Hechfeld 1207.

Possibly ‘open land by a hedge or hatch-gate’.
OE hecg or hecc + feld.

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Heckingham Norfolk . Hechingheam 1086 (DB), Hekingeham 1245.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Heca’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Heckington Lincs. Hechintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Heca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Heckmondwike W. Yorks. Hedmundewic (sic) 1086 (DB), Hecmundewik 13th cent.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Hahmund’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Heddington Wilts. Edintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hedde’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Heddon,

‘hill where heather grows’,
OE hth + dn: Heddon, Black Northum. Hedon 1271. Heddon on the Wall Northum. Hedun 1175. Affix from its situation on HADRIAN'S WALL.

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Hedenham Norfolk . Hedenaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Hedena’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Hedge End Hants. Cutt Hedge End 1759.

Self-explanatory, with cut ‘clipped’ in the 18th cent. form.

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Hedgerley Bucks. Huggeleg 1195.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Hycga’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Hedingham, Castle & Hedingham, Sible Essex . Hedingham 1086 (DB), Heyngham Sibille 1231, Hengham ad castrum 1254.

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hyth(a), or of the dwellers at the landing-place’.
OE pers. name or hth + -inga- + hm. Distinguishing affixes from
ME castel (Latin castrum) ‘castle’ and from the family of a lady called Sibil who held land here in the 13th cent.

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Hedley on the Hill Northum. Hedley 1242.

‘Woodland clearing where heather grows’.
OE hth + lah.

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Hednesford Staffs . Hedenesford 13th cent.

‘Ford of a man called Heddn’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Hedon E. R. Yorks. Hedon 12th cent.

‘Hill where heather grows’.
OE hth + dn.

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Heigham, Potter Norfolk . Echam 1086 (DB), Hegham Pottere 1182.

Possibly ‘homestead or enclosure with a hedge or hatch-gate’.
OE hecg or hecc + hm or hamm. The affix (from OE pottere) must allude to pot-making here at an early date.

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Heighington Durham . Heghyngtona 1183.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Heca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Heighington Lincs. Hictinton 1242.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Hyht’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Heighton, South E. Sussex. Hectone 1086 (DB), Sutheghton 1327.

‘High farmstead’.
OE hah + tn, with OE sth ‘south’.

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Helford Cornwall . Helleford 1230.

‘Estuary crossing-place’.
Cornish heyl + OE ford.

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Helhoughton Norfolk . Helgatuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Helgi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Helions Bumpstead Essex, ,

see BUMPSTEAD.

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Helland Cornwall . Hellaunde 1284.

‘Old church-site’.
Cornish hen-lann.

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Hellesdon Norfolk . Hægelisdun c.985, Hailesduna 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Hægel’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Hellidon Northants. Elliden 12th cent.

‘Holy, healthy, or prosperous valley’.
OE hlig + denu.

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Hellifield N. Yorks. Helgefeld 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land of a man called Helgi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE feld.

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Hellingly E. Sussex. Hellingeleghe 13th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Hielle, or of the hill dwellers’.
OE pers. name or OE hyll + -inga- + lah.

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Hellington Norfolk . Halgatune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Helgi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Hellvellyn Cumbria . Helvillon 1574.

Of unknown origin and meaning.

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Helmdon Northants. Elmedene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Helma’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Helmingham Suffolk . Helmingheham1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Helm’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Helmshore Lancs. Hellshour 1510.

‘Steep slope with a cattle shelter’.
OE helm + scora.

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Helmsley N. Yorks . Elmeslac (sic) 1086 (DB), Helmesley 12th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Helm’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Helmsley, Gate & Helmsley, Upper N. Yorks . Hamelsec(h) 1086 (DB), Gatehemelsay 1438, Over Hemelsey 1301.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Hemele’.
OE pers. name + g. Distinguishing affixes from
OScand. gata ‘road’ (here a Roman road) and
OE uferra ‘upper’.

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Helperby N. Yorks . Helperby 972, Helprebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Hjalp’.
OScand. pers. name (genitive -ar) + bý.

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Helperthorpe N. Yorks . Elpetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a woman called Hjalp’.
OScand. pers. name (genitive -ar) + thorp.

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Helpringham Lincs. Helperi(n)cham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Helprc’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Helpston Cambs. Hylpestun 948.

‘Farmstead of a man called Help’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Helsby Ches. Helesbe (sic) 1086 (DB), Hellesbi late 12th cent.

‘Farmstead or village on a ledge’.
OScand. hjallr + bý.

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Helston, Helstone,

‘estate at an old court’,
Cornish hen-lys + OE tn: Helston Cornwall . Henlistone 1086 (DB). Helstone Cornwall . Henliston 1086 (DB).

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Helton Cumbria . Helton c.1160.

Probably ‘farmstead on a slope’.
OE helde + tn.

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Hemblington Norfolk . Hemelingetun1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hemele’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Hemel Hempstead Herts. ,

see HEMPSTEAD.

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Hemingbrough N. Yorks . Hemingburgh 1080–6, Hamiburg 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Hemingr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE burh.

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Hemingby Lincs. Hamingebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hemingr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Hemingford Abbots & Hemingford Grey Cambs. Hemmingeford 974, Emingeford 1086 (DB), Hemingford Abbatis 1276, Hemingford Grey 1316.

‘Ford of the family or followers of a man called Hemma or Hemmi’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + ford. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by the Abbot of Ramsey and the de Grey family.

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Hemingstone Suffolk . Hamingestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hemingr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Hemington,

‘estate associated with a man called Hemma or Hemmi’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Hemington Leics. Aminton c.1125. Hemington Northants. Hemmingtune 1077, Hemintone 1086 (DB). Hemington Somerset . Hammingtona 1086 (DB).

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Hemley Suffolk . Helmelea 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Helma’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Hempholme E. R. Yorks. Hempholm 12th cent.

‘Raised ground in marshland where hemp is grown’.
OE hænep + OScand. holmr.

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Hempnall Norfolk . Hemenhala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Hemma’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Hempstead,

usually ‘the homestead’,
OE hm-stede, hm-stede: Hempstead Essex . Hamesteda 1086 (DB). Hempstead Norfolk , near Lessingham. Hemsteda 1086 (DB). Hempstead, Hemel Herts. Hamelamestede 1086 (DB). Hemel is an old district-name first recorded c.705 meaning ‘broken, undulating’ from
OE hamel.
However the following has a different origin: Hempstead Norfolk, near Holt . Henepsteda 1086 (DB). ‘Place where hemp is grown’.
OE hænep + stede.

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Hempsted Glos. Hechanestede 1086 (DB).

‘High homestead’.
OE hah + hm-stede.

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Hempton Norfolk . Hamatuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hemma’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Hempton Oxon. Henton 1086 (DB).

‘High farm’.
OE hah (dative han) + tn.

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Hemsby Norfolk . Heimesbei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Hmer’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Hemswell Lincs. Helmeswelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Helm’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Hemsworth W. Yorks. Hamelesuurde (sic) 1086 (DB), Hymeleswrde 12th cent.

‘Enclosure of a man called Hymel’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Hemyock Devon . Hamihoc 1086 (DB).

Possibly a
Celtic river-name meaning ‘summer stream’, otherwise ‘river-bend of a man called Hemma’, from
OE pers. name + hc.

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Henbury Brist. Heanburg 692, Henberie 1086 (DB).

‘High or chief fortified place’.
OE hah (dative han) + burh (dative byrig).

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Henbury Ches. Hameteberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold or manor-house where a community lives’.
OE hmed + burh (dative byrig).

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Hendon Gtr. London . Heandun c.975, Handone 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the high hill’.
OE hah (dative han) + dn.

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Hendon Tyne & Wear. Hynden 1382.

‘Valley frequented by hinds’.
OE hind + denu.

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Hendred, East & Hendred, West Oxon. Hennarith 956, Henret 1086 (DB).

‘Stream frequented by hens (of wild birds)’.
OE henn + rth.

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Henfield W. Sussex . Hanefeld 770, Hamfelde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land characterized by stones or rocks’.
OE hn + feld.

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Hengrave Suffolk . Hemegretham (sic) 1086 (DB), Hemegrede c.1095.

‘Grassy meadow of a man called Hemma’.
OE pers. name + grd (with hm ‘homestead’ in the Domesday form).

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Henham Essex . Henham c.1045, 1086 (DB).

‘High homestead or enclosure’.
OE hah (dative han) + hm or hamm.

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Henley,

usually ‘high (or chief) wood or clearing’,
OE hah (dative han) + lah; examples include: Henley Somerset . Henleighe 973. Henley Suffolk . Henleia 1086 (DB). Henley-in-Arden Warwicks. Henle c.1180. Affix refers to the medieval Forest of Arden (Eardene 1088), possibly a
Celtic name meaning ‘high district’. Henley-on-Thames Oxon. Henleiam c.1140. See THAMES.
However the following has a different origin: Henley Shrops. Haneleu (sic) 1086 (DB), Hennele 1242. ‘Wood or clearing frequented by hens (of wild birds)’.
OE henn + lah.

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Henlow Beds. Haneslauue 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or mound frequented by hens (of wild birds)’.
OE henn + hlw.

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Hennock Devon . Hainoc 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the high oak-tree’.
OE hah (dative han) + c.

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Henny, Great Essex . Heni 1086 (DB).

‘High island or land partly surrounded by water’.
OE hah (dative han) + g.

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Hensall N. Yorks . Edeshale (sic) 1086 (DB), Hethensale 12th cent.

‘Nook of land of a man called Hethn or Hethinn’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE halh.

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Henshaw Northum. Hedeneshalch 12th cent.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Henstead Suffolk . Henestede 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘place frequented by hens (of wild birds)’.
OE henn + stede.

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Henstridge Somerset . Hengstesrig 956, Hengest(e)rich 1086 (DB).

‘Ridge where stallions are kept’ or ‘ridge of a man called Hengest’.
OE hengest or OE pers. name + hrycg.

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Henton Oxon. Hentone 1086 (DB).

‘High (or chief) farmstead’.
OE hah (dative han) + tn.

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Henton Somerset . Hentun 1065.

Identical in origin with previous name, or ‘farmstead where hens are kept’,
OE henn + tn.

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Hepburn Northum. Hybberndune c.1050.

Probably identical in origin with HEBBURN (and with the addition of
OE dn ‘hill’ in the early spelling).

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Hepple Northum. Hephal 1205.

‘Nook of land where rose-hips or brambles grow’.
OE hope or hopa + halh.

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Hepscott Northum. Hebscot 1242.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Hebbi’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Heptonstall W. Yorks. Heptonstall 1253.

‘Farmstead where rose-hips or brambles grow’.
OE hope or hopa + tn-stall.

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Hepworth,

probably ‘enclosure of a man called Heppa’,
OE pers. name + worth: Hepworth Suffolk . Hepworda 1086 (DB). Hepworth W. Yorks. Heppeuuord 1086 (DB).

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Hereford,

‘ford suitable for the passage of an army’,
OE here-ford: Hereford Heref. & Worcs. Hereford 958, 1086 (DB). Herefordshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent. Hereford, Little Heref. & Worcs. Lutelonhereford 1086 (DB). Affix is
OE ltlan, dative of ltel ‘little’.

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Hergest Heref. & Worcs. Hergest(h) 1086 (DB).

Probably a Welsh name, but obscure in origin and meaning.

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Herne, Herne Bay Kent . Hyrnan c.1100.

‘(Place at) the angle or corner of land’.
OE hyrne.

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Hernhill Kent . Haranhylle c.1100.

‘(Place at) the grey hill’.
OE hr (dative -an) + hyll.

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Herriard Hants. Henerd (sic) 1086 (DB), Herierda c.1160.

Probably ‘army quarters’ (perhaps of a Viking army),
OE here + geard. Alternatively this may be a
Celtic name meaning ‘long ridge’ from hyr + garth.

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Herringfleet Suffolk . Herlingaflet 1086 (DB).

‘Creek or stream of the family or followers of a man called Herela’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + flot.

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Herringswell Suffolk . Hyrningwella 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream at the corner of land’.
OE hyrne + -ing + wella.

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Herrington, East Tyne & Wear. Erinton 1196.

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Here’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Hersham Surrey . Hauerichesham 1175.

‘Homestead or river-meadow of a man called Hæferic’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Herstmonceux E. Sussex. Herst 1086 (DB), Herstmonceus 1287.

OE hyrst ‘wooded hill’ + manorial affix from possession by the Monceux family in the 12th cent.

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Hertford Herts. Herutford 731, Hertforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford frequented by harts or stags’.
OE heorot + ford. Hertfordshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Hertingfordbury Herts. Herefordingberie (sic) 1086 (DB), Hertfordingeberi 1220.

‘Stronghold of the people of HERTFORD’.
OE -inga- + burh (dative byrig).

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Hesket, Hesketh,

probably ‘boundary land where horses graze’, but possibly ‘race course for horses’,
OScand. hestr + skeith; examples include: Hesket, High & Hesket, Low Cumbria . Hescayth 1285. Hesketh Lancs. Heschath 1288.
However the following has a different origin: Hesket Newmarket Cumbria . Eskeheued 1227. ‘Hill growing with ash-trees’.
OScand. eski + OE hafod. Affix first found in the 18th cent. refers to the market here.

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Heskin Green Lancs. Heskyn 1257.

A Welsh name meaning ‘wet ground growing with sedge or coarse grass’.

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Hesleden Durham . Heseldene c.1050.

‘Valley where hazels grow’.
OE hæsel + denu.

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Heslerton, East & Heslerton, West N. Yorks . Heslerton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where hazels grow’.
OE hæsler + tn.

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Heslington York. Haslinton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the hazel wood’.
OE hæsling + tn.

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Hessay York. Hesdesai (sic) 1086 (DB), Heslesaia 12th cent.

‘Marshland, or island, where hazels grow’.
OE hæsel (influenced by OScand. hesli) + s or g.

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Hessett Suffolk . Heteseta (sic) 1086 (DB), Heggeset 1225.

‘Fold (for animals) with a hedge’.
OE hecg + (ge)set.

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Hessle E. R. Yorks. Hase (sic) 1086 (DB), Hesel 12th cent.

‘(Place at) the hazel-tree’.
OE hæsel (influenced by OScand. hesli).

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Hest Bank Lancs. Hest 1177.

OE hst ‘undergrowth, brushwood’.

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Heston Gtr. London . Hestone c.1125.

‘Farmstead among the brushwood’.
OE hs + tn.

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Heswall Mersey . Eswelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Haselwell c.1200.

‘Spring where hazels grow’.
OE hæsel + wella.

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Hethe Oxon. Hedha 1086 (DB).

OE hth ‘heath, uncultivated land’.

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Hethersett Norfolk . Hederseta 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the dwellers among the heather’.
OE hddre + ste.

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Hett Durham . Het c.1168.

‘(Place at) the hat-shaped hill’.
OE hætt or OScand. hetti (dative of httr).

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Hetton N. Yorks . Hetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on a heath’.
OE hth + tn.

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Hetton le Hole Tyne & Wear . Heppedun 1180.

‘Hill where rose-hips or brambles grow’.
OE hope or hopa + dn. Affix means‘in the hollow’.

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Heugh Northum. Hou 1279.

‘(Place at) the ridge or spur of land’.
OE hh.

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Heveningham Suffolk . Heueniggeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hefn’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Hever Kent . Heanyfre 814.

‘(Place at) the high edge or hill-brow’.
OE hah (dative han) + yfer.

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Heversham Cumbria . Hefresham c.1050, Eureshaim 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of a man called Hahfrith’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Hevingham Norfolk . Heuincham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hefa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Hewelsfield Glos. Hiwoldestone 1086 (DB), Hualdesfeld c.1145.

‘Open land of a man called Hygewald’.
OE pers. name + feld (replacing earlier tn ‘farmstead’).

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Hewick, Bridge & Hewick, Copt N. Yorks . Heawic 1086 (DB), Hewik atte brigg 1309, Coppedehaiwic 1208.

‘High (or chief) dairy-farm’.
OE hah (dative han) + wc. Distinguishing affixes ‘at the bridge’ (from
OE brycg) and ‘with a peak or hill-top’ (
OE coppede).

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Hewish,

‘measure of land that would support a family’,
OE hwisc: Hewish Somerset . Hywys 1327. Hewish, East & Hewish, West N. Som. Hiwis 1198.

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Hexham Northum. Hagustaldes ham 685 (c.1120).

‘The warrior's homestead’.
OE hagustald + hm.

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Hexton Herts. Hegestanestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hahstn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Heybridge Essex . Heaghbregge c.1200.

‘High (or chief) bridge’.
OE hah + brycg.

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Heydon Cambs. Haidenam 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where hay is made’, or ‘valley with an enclosure’.
OE hg or hæg + denu.

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Heydon Norfolk . Heidon 1196.

‘Hill where hay is made’.
OE hg + dn.

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Heyford,

‘hay ford’, i.e. ‘ford used chiefly at hay-making time’,
OE hg + ford: Heyford, Lower & Heyford, Upper Oxon. Hegford 1086 (DB). Heyford, Nether & Heyford, Upper Northants. Heiforde 1086 (DB).

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Heysham Lancs. Hessam 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village among the brushwood’.
OE hs + hm.

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Heyshott W. Sussex . Hethsete c.1100.

‘Corner of land where heather grows’.
OE hth + scat.

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Heytesbury Wilts. Hestrebe (sic) 1086 (DB), Hehtredeberia c.1115.

‘Stronghold of a woman called Hahthrth’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Heythrop Oxon. Edrope (sic) 1086 (DB), Hethrop 11th cent.

‘High hamlet or outlying farmstead’.
OE hah + throp.

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Heywood Gtr. Manch. Heghwode 1246.

‘High (or chief) wood’.
OE hah + wudu.

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Heywood Wilts. Heiwode 1225.

‘Enclosed wood’.
OE hæg + wudu.

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Hibaldstow N. Lincs. Hiboldestou 1086 (DB).

‘Holy place where St Hygebald is buried’.
OE pers. name + stw.

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Hickleton S. Yorks. Icheltone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead frequented by woodpeckers’.
OE hicol + tn.

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Hickling,

‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Hicel’,
OE pers. name + -ingas: Hickling Norfolk . Hikelinga 1086 (DB). Hickling Notts. Hikelinge c.1000, Hechelinge 1086 (DB).

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Hidcote Boyce Glos. Hudicota 716, Hedecote 1086 (DB), Hudicote Boys 1327.

‘Cottage of a man called Hydeca or Huda’.
OE pers. name + cot. Manorial affix from a family called de Bosco or Bois, here in the 13th cent.

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Hiendley, South W. Yorks. Hindeleia 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing frequented by hinds or does’.
OE hind + lah.

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High

as affix, see main name, e.g. for High Ackworth (W. Yorks. ) see ACKWORTH.

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Higham,

‘high (or chief) homestead or enclosure’,
OE hah + hm or hamm; examples include: Higham Derbys. Hehham 1155. Higham Kent . Hegham 1242. Higham Lancs. Hegham 1296. Higham Suffolk , near Stratford St Mary. Hecham c.1050, Heihham 1086 (DB). Higham, Cold Northants. Hecham 1086 (DB), Colehigham 1541. Affix is
OE cald ‘cold, exposed’. Higham Ferrers Northants. Hecham 1086 (DB), Heccham Ferrar 1279. Manorial affix from the Ferrers family, here in the 12th cent. Higham Gobion Beds. Echam 1086 (DB), Heygham Gobyon 1291. Manorial affix from the Gobion family, here from the 12th cent. Higham on the Hill Leics. Hecham 1220–35. The affix is found from the 16th cent. Higham Upshire Kent . Heahhaam c.765, Hecham 1086 (DB). The affix means ‘higher district’ from
OE upp + scr.

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Highampton Devon . Hantone 1086 (DB), Heghanton 1303.

‘High farmstead’.
OE hah (dative han) + tn, with the later addition of ME heghe ‘high’ after the meaning of the original first element had been forgotten.

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High Beach Essex . Highbeach-green 1670.

Probably named from the beech-trees here.

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Highbridge Somerset . Highbridge 1324.

‘High (or chief) bridge’.
OE hah + brycg.

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Highbury Gtr. London . Heybury c.1375.

‘High manor’, from
ME heghe + bury.

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Highclere Hants. Clere 1086 (DB), Alta Clera c.1270.

Perhaps originally a
Celtic river-name meaning ‘bright stream’, with the later addition of high (
Latin alta).

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Higher

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Higher Ansty (Dorset ) see ANSTY.

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Highcliffe Dorset. High Clift (sic) 1759, earlier Black Cliffe 1610.

Self-explanatory.

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Highgate Gtr. London . Le Heighgate 1354.

‘High tollgate’.
OE hah + geat.

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Highleadon Glos. Hineledene 13th cent.

‘Estate on the River Leadon belonging to a religious community’.
OE hwan (genitive plural hgna) + Celtic river-name (meaning ‘broad stream’).

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Highley Shrops. Hugelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Hugga’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Highnam Glos. Hamme 1086 (DB), Hinehamme 12th cent.

OE hamm ‘river-meadow’ with the later addition of OE hwan (genitive plural hgna) ‘a religious community’.

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Hightown Ches. ,

a late name, meaning simply ‘the high part of the town’ (of CONGLETON).

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Highway Wilts. Hiwei 1086 (DB).

‘Road used for carrying hay’.
OE hg + weg.

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Highworth Wilts. Wrde 1086 (DB), Hegworth 1232.

OE worth ‘enclosure, farmstead’ with the later addition of hah ‘high’.

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Hilborough Norfolk . Hildeburhwella 1086 (DB), Hildeburwrthe 1242.

‘Stream or enclosure of a woman called Hildeburh’.
OE pers. name + wella or worth.

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Hildenborough Kent . Hyldenn 1240, Hildenborough 1389.

Probably ‘woodland pasture on or by a hill’.
OE hyll + denn with the later addition of burh ‘manor, borough’.

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Hildersham Cambs. Hildricesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Hildrc’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Hilderstone Staffs . Hidulvestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hildulfr or Hildwulf’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + tn.

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Hilderthorpe E. R. Yorks. Hilgertorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead of a man called Hildiger or a woman called Hildigerthr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Hilfield Dorset . Hylfelde 934.

‘Open land by a hill’.
OE hyll + feld.

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Hilgay Norfolk . Hillingeiæ 974, Hidlingheia 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of the family or followers of a man called Hthla or Hydla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + g.

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Hill S. Glos. Hilla 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the hill’.
OE hyll.

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Hill, North & Hill, South Cornwall . Henle 1238, Northhindle 1260, Suthhulle 1270, Suthhynle 1306.

‘High wood or clearing’ or ‘hinds’ wood or clearing’.
OE hah (dative han) or hind + lah, with later replacement by hyll ‘hill’.

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Hillam N. Yorks . Hillum 963.

‘(Place at) the hills’.
OE hyll in a dative plural form hyllum.

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Hillesden Bucks. Hildesdun 949, Ilesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Hild’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Hillfarance Somerset . Hilla 1086 (DB), Hull Ferun 1253.

‘(Place at) the hill’.
OE hyll. Manorial addition from the Furon family, here in the 12th cent.

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Hill Head Hants. ,

a recent name, self-explanatory.

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Hillingdon Gtr. London . Hildendune c.1080, Hillendone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Hilda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Hillington Norfolk . Helingetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Hthla or Hydla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Hillmorton Warwicks. Mortone 1086 (DB), Hulle and Morton 1247.

Originally two distinct names, now combined. Hill is ‘(place at) the hill’ from OE hyll. Morton is ‘marshland farmstead’ from
OE mr + tn.

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Hilmarton Wilts. Helmerdingtun 962, Helmerintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Helmheard’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Hilperton Wilts. Help(e)rinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hylprc’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Hilton,

usually ‘farmstead or village on or near a hill’,
OE hyll + tn: Hilton Cambs. Hiltone 1196. Hilton Derbys. Hiltune 1086 (DB). Hilton Stock on T. Hiltune 1086 (DB).
However other Hiltons have a different origin: Hilton Cumbria . Helton 1289. Probably ‘farmstead on a slope’.
OE helde + tn. Hilton Dorset. Eltone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead on a slope or where tansy grows’.
OE h(i)elde or helde + tn.

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Himbleton Heref. & Worcs. Hymeltun 816, Himeltun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where the hop plant (or some similar plant) grows’.
OE hymele + tn.

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Himley Staffs . Himelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where the hop plant (or some similar plant) grows’.
OE hymele + lah.

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Hincaster Cumbria . Hennecastre 1086 (DB).

‘Old fortification or earthwork haunted by hens (of wild birds)’.
OE henn + ceaster.

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Hinckley Leics. Hinchelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Hnca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Hinderclay Suffolk . Hilderclea 1086 (DB).

‘Tongue of land where elder-trees grow’.
OE hyldre + cla.

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Hinderwell N. Yorks . Hildrewell 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘spring or well associated with St Hild’.
OE pers. name (with Scandinavianized genitive -ar) + wella. Alternatively the first element may be
OE hyldre or hylder ‘elder-tree’.

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Hindhead Surrey . Hyndehed 1571.

‘Hill frequented by hinds or does’.
OE hind + hafod.

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Hindley Gtr. Manch. Hindele 1212.

‘Wood or clearing frequented by hinds or does’.
OE hind + lah.

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Hindlip Heref. & Worcs. Hindehlep 966, Hindelep 1086 (DB).

‘Gate or fence over which hinds can leap’.
OE hind + hlep.

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Hindolveston Norfolk . Hidolfestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hildwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Hindon Wilts. Hynedon 1268.

Probably ‘hill belonging to a religious community’.
OE hwan (genitive plural hgna) + dn.

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Hindringham Norfolk . Hindringaham 1068 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead of the people living behind (the hills)’.
OE hinder + -inga- + hm.

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Hingham Norfolk . Hincham 1086 (DB), Heingeham 1173.

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hega’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Hinksey, North & Hinksey, South Oxon. Hengestesige 10th cent.

‘Island or well- watered land of the stallion or of a man called Hengest’.
OE hengest or OE pers. name + g.

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Hinstock Shrops. Stoche 1086 (DB), Hinestok 1242.

OE stoc ‘outlying farmstead, dependent settlement’ with the later addition of ME hine ‘household servants’.

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Hintlesham Suffolk . Hintlesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Hyntel’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Hinton,

a very common name, has two different origins. Sometimes ‘high (or chief) farmstead’ from
OE hah (dative han) + tn: Hinton S. Glos., near Dyrham . Heanton 13th cent. Hinton Ampner Hants. Heantun 1045, Hentune 1086 (DB), Hinton Amner 13th cent. Affix is
OFrench aumoner ‘almoner’, from its early possession by the almoner of St Swithun's Priory at Winchester. Hinton Blewett B. & NE. Som. Hantone 1086 (DB), Hentun Bluet 1246. Manorial affix from its early possession by the Bluet family. Hinton, Broad Wilts. Hentone 1086 (DB), Brodehenton 1319. Affix is
OE brd ‘large’. Hinton Charterhouse B. & NE. Som. Hantone 1086 (DB), Henton Charterus 1273. Affix is
OFrench chartrouse ‘a house of Carthusian monks’ referring to a priory founded in the early 13th cent. Hinton, Great Wilts. Henton 1216. Hinton St George Somerset . Hantone 1086 (DB), Hentun Sancti Georgii 1246. Affix from the dedication of the church. Hinton St Mary Dorset. Hamtune 944, Haintone 1086 (DB), Hinton Marye 1627. Affix from the possession of the manor by the Abbey of St Mary at Shaftesbury. Hinton Waldrist Oxon. Hentone 1086 (DB), Hinton Walrush 1676. Manorial affix from the family de Sancto Walerico, here in the 12th cent.
However many Hintons mean ‘farmstead belonging to a religious community’, from
OE hwan (genitive plural hgna) + tn: Hinton Heref. & Worcs., near Peterchurch . Hinetune 1086 (DB). Hinton Northants. Hintone 1086 (DB). Hinton, Cherry Cambs. Hintone 1086 (DB), Cheryhynton 1576. Affix is
ME chiri ‘cherry’ from the number of cherry-trees formerly growing here. Hinton in the Hedges Northants. Hintone 1086 (DB). Affix (meaning ‘among the hedges’) is from
OE hecg. Hinton, Little Wilts. Hinneton 1205. Hinton Martell Dorset. Hinetone 1086 (DB), Hineton Martel 1226. Manorial affix from the Martell family, here in the 13th cent. Hinton on the Green Heref. & Worcs. Hinetune 1086 (DB). Affix is
OE grne ‘village green’.

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Hints,

‘(place on) the roads or paths’, Welsh hynt: Hints Shrops. Hintes 1242. Hints Staffs . Hintes 1086 (DB).

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Hinwick Beds. Heneuuic(h) 1086 (DB).

‘Farm where hens are kept’.
OE henn + wc.

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Hinxhill Kent . Haenostesyle c.1100.

‘Hill of the stallion or of a man called Hengest’.
OE hengest or OE pers. name + hyll.

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Hinxton Cambs. Hestitone (sic) 1086 (DB), Hengstiton 1202.

‘Estate associated with a man called Hengest’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Hinxworth Herts. Haingesteuuorde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure where stallions are kept’.
OE hengest + worth.

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Hipperholme W. Yorks. Huperun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place among) the osiers’.
OE hyper in a dative plural form hyperum.

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Hirst Courtney, Temple Hirst N. Yorks . Hyrst c.1030, Hirst Courtenay 1303, Templehurst 1316.

‘(Place at) the wooded hill’.
OE hyrst. Distinguishing affixes from possession by the Courtney family (here in the 13th cent.) and by the Knights Templars (here in the 12th cent.).

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Histon Cambs. Histone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of the sons or young men’.
OE hys(s)e + tn.

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Hitcham Suffolk . Hecham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead with a hedge or hatchgate’.
OE hecg or hecc + hm.

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Hitchin Herts. Hiccam c.945, Hiz 1086 (DB).

‘(Place in the territory of) the tribe called Hicce’. Old tribal name (possibly derived from
a Celtic river-name meaning ‘dry’) in a dative plural form Hiccum.

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Hittisleigh Devon . Hitenesleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Hyttn’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Hixon Staffs . Hustedone (sic) 1086 (DB), Huchtesdona 1130.

‘Hill of a man called Hyht’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Hoar Cross Staffs . Horcros 1230.

‘Grey or boundary cross’.
OE hr + cros.

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Hoarwithy Heref. & Worcs. La Horewythy 13th cent.

‘(Place at) the whitebeam’.
OE hr + wthig.

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Hoath Kent . La hathe 13th cent.

‘(Place at) the heath’.
OE hth.

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Hoathly,

‘heathy woodland clearing’ or ‘woodland clearing where heather grows’,
OE hth + lah: Hoathly, East E. Sussex. Hodlegh 1287. Hoathly, West W. Sussex . Hadlega 1121.

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Hoby Leics. Hobie 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on a spur of land’.
OE hh + OScand. bý.

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Hockering Norfolk . Hokelinka (sic) 1086 (DB), Hokeringhes 12th cent.

‘(Settlement of) the people at the rounded hill’.
OE hocer + -ingas.

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Hockerton Notts. Hocretone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead at the hump or rounded hill’.
OE hocer + tn.

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Hockham, Great Norfolk . Hocham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Hocca, or where hocks or mallows grow’.
OE pers. name or OE hocc + hm.

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Hockley Essex . Hocheleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Hocca, or where hocks or mallows grow’.
OE pers. name or OE hocc + lah.

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Hockley Heath W. Mids. Huckeloweheth c.1280.

‘Heath near the mound or hill of a man called Hucca’.
OE pers. name + hlw + hth.

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Hockliffe Beds. Hocgan clif 1015, Hocheleia (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘steep hill-side of a man called Hocga’.
OE pers. name + clif.

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Hockwold cum Wilton Norfolk . Hocuuella (sic)1086 (DB), Hocwolde 1242.

‘Wooded area where hocks or mallows grow’.
OE hocc + wald. See WILTON.

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Hockworthy Devon . Hocoorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Hocca’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Hoddesdon Herts. Hodesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Hod’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Hoddlesden Lancs. Hoddesdene 1296.

‘Valley of a man called Hod or Hodel’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Hodnet Shrops. Odenet 1086 (DB), Hodenet 1121.

Probably a British name meaning ‘pleasant valley’, from the words which became Welsh hawdd and nant.

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Hoe Norfolk . Hou 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the ridge or spur of land’.
OE hh (dative he).

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Hoff Cumbria . Houf 1179.

‘The heathen temple or sanctuary’.
OScand. hof.

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Hoggeston Bucks. Hochestone (sic) 1086 (DB), Hoggeston 1200.

‘Farmstead of a man called Hogg’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Hoghton Lancs. Hoctonam c.1160.

‘Farmstead on or near a hill-spur’.
OE hh + tn.

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Hognaston Derbys. Ochenavestun 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘grazing farm of a man called Hocca’.
OE pers. name + æfsn + tn.

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Hog's Back

Surrey, first so called (from its shape) in 1823, earlier Geldedon 1195, probably ‘hill called Gylde (the gold-coloured one)’, from
OE gylde + dn, see GUILDFORD.

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Hogsthorpe Lincs. Hocgestorp 12th cent.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Hogg’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Holbeach Lincs. Holebech 1086 (DB).

‘Hollow stream’ or ‘hollow ridge’.
OE hol + bece or bæc (locative bece).

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Holbeck Notts. Holebek c.1180.

‘Hollow stream, stream in a hollow’.
OScand. holr or hol + bekkr.

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Holbeton Devon . Holbouton 1229.

‘Farmstead in the hollow bend’.
OE hol + boga + tn.

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Holborn Gtr. London . Holeburne 1086 (DB).

‘Hollow stream, stream in a hollow’.
OE hol + burna.

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Holbrook,

‘hollow brook, brook in a hollow’,
OE hol + brc: Holbrook Derbys. Holebroc 1086 (DB). Holbrook Suffolk . Holebroc 1086 (DB).

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Holbury Hants., near Fawley . Holeberi 1187.

‘Hollow stronghold’, or ‘stronghold in a hollow’.
OE hol + burh (dative byrig).

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Holcombe,

a common name, ‘deep or hollow valley’,
OE hol + cumb; examples include: Holcombe Devon, near Dawlish . Holacumba c.1070, Holcomma 1086 (DB). Holcombe Gtr. Manch. Holecumba early 13th cent. Holcombe Somerset . Holecumbe 1243. Holcombe Burnell Devon . Holecumba 1086 (DB), Holecumbe Bernard 1263. Manorial affix (later modified to the modern form) from a man called Bernard whose son held the manor in 1242. Holcombe Rogus Devon . Holecoma 1086 (DB), Holecombe Roges 1281. Manorial affix from one Rogo who held the manor in 1086.

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Holcot Northants. Holecote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) in the hollow(s)’.
OE hol + cot.

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Holden Lancs. Holedene 1086 (DB).

‘Hollow valley’.
OE hol + denu.

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Holdenby Northants. Aldenesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Halfdan’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Holderness (district) E. R. Yorks. Heldernesse 1086 (DB).

‘Headland ruled by a high-ranking yeoman’.
OScand. hldr + nes.

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Holdgate Shrops. Castrum Helgoti 1109–18, Hologodescastel 1199, Holegod 1294.

‘Castle of a man called Helgot’.
OFrench pers. name with Latin castrum, ME castel in the early forms.

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Holdingham Lincs. Haldingeham 1202.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hald’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Holford Somerset . Holeforde 1086 (DB).

‘Hollow ford, ford in a hollow’.
OE hol + ford.

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Holker Cumbria . Holecher 1086 (DB).

‘Hollow marsh, marsh in a hollow’.
OScand. holr or hol + kjarr.

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Holkham Norfolk . Holcham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead in or near a hollow’.
OE holc + hm.

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Hollacombe Devon . Holecome 1086 (DB).

‘Deep or hollow valley’.
OE hol + cumb.

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Holland,

‘cultivated land by a hill-spur’,
OE hh + land: Holland on Sea Essex . Holande c.1000, Holanda 1086 (DB). Holland , Up Lancs. Hoiland 1086 (DB). Affix is
OE upp ‘higher up’.
However the following, although an identical compound, may have a somewhat different meaning: Holland Lincs. Hoiland 1086 (DB). Probably ‘district characterized by hill-spurs’.

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Hollesley Suffolk . Holeslea 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing in a hollow, or of a man called Hl’.
OE hol or OE pers. name + lah.

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Hollingbourne Kent . Holingeburna 10th cent., Holingeborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream of the family or followers of a man called Hla, or of the people dwelling in the hollow’.
OE pers. name or hol + -inga- + burna.

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Hollington,

‘farmstead where holly grows’,
OE holegn + tn: Hollington Derbys. Holintune 1086 (DB). Hollington E. Sussex. Holintune 1086 (DB). Hollington Staffs . Holyngton 13th cent.

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Hollingworth Gtr. Manch. Holisurde (sic) 1086 (DB), Holinewurth 13th cent.

‘Holly enclosure’.
OE holegn + worth.

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Holloway Gtr. London . Le Holeweye 1307.

‘The road in a hollow’.
OE hol + weg.

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Hollowell Northants. Holewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream in a hollow’.
OE hol + wella.

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Hollym E. R. Yorks. Holam 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure in or near the hollow’.
OE hol + hm or hamm. Alternatively ‘(place at) the hollows’, from
OE hol or OScand. holr in a dative plural form holum.

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Holme,

a common place-name, usually from
OScand. holmr ‘island, dry ground in marsh, water-meadow’: Holme Cambs. Hulmo 1167. Holme Cumbria . Holme 1086 (DB). Holme N. Yorks . Hulme 1086 (DB). Holme Notts. Holme 1203. Holme Chapel Lancs. Holme 1305. Holme Hale Norfolk . Holm 1086 (DB), Holmhel 1267. Second element is
OE halh (dative hale) ‘nook of land’. Holme next the Sea Norfolk . Holm c.1035, 1086 (DB). Holme Pierrepont Notts. Holmo 1086 (DB), Holme Peyrpointe 1571. Manorial affix from the de Perpount family, here in the 14th cent. Holme St Cuthbert Cumbria . Sanct Cuthbert Chappell 1538. Named from the dedication of the chapel. Holme, South N. Yorks . Holme 1086 (DB), Southolme 1301. Holme upon Spalding Moor E. R. Yorks. Holme 1086 (DB), Holm in Spaldingmor 1293. Spalding Moor is an old district-name meaning ‘moor of the people called Spaldingas’, from the tribe who gave their name to
SPALDING (Lincs.) + OE mr.
However some examples of Holme have other origins: Holme W. Yorks., near Holmfirth . Holne 1086 (DB). ‘(Place at) the holly tree’.
OE holegn. Holme, East & Holme, West Dorset. Holne 1086 (DB), Estholn, Westholn 1288. Identical in origin with the previous name. Holme Lacy Heref. & Worcs. Hamme 1086 (DB), Homme Lacy 1221.
OE hamm ‘enclosure, land in a river-bend’. Manorial affix from its possession by the de Laci family from 1086. Holme on the Wolds E. R. Yorks. Hougon 1086 (DB), Holme super Wolde 1578. ‘(Place at) the mounds or hills’.
OScand. haugr in a dative plural form haugum. The affix is from
OE wald ‘high forest-land’.

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Holmer,

‘pool in a hollow’,
OE hol + mere: Holmer Heref. & Worcs. Holemere 1086 (DB). Holmer Green Bucks. Holemere 1208.

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Holmes Chapel Ches. Hulm 12th cent., Holme chapell 1400–5.

‘Chapel at the place called Hulme or Holme’.
OScand. holmr ‘water-meadow’ with the later addition of ME chapel.

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Holmesfield Derbys. Holmesfelt 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land near a place called Holm’.
OE feld with a lost place-name Holm from OScand. holmr ‘island, dry ground in marsh’.

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Holmfirth W. Yorks. Holnefrith 1274.

‘Sparse woodland belonging to HOLME’.
OE fyrhth.

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Holmpton E. R. Yorks. Holmetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near the shore- meadows’.
OScand. holmr + OE tn.

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Holmwood, North & Holmwood, South Surrey . Homwude 1241.

‘Wood in or near an enclosure or river-meadow’.
OE hamm + wudu.

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Holne Devon . Holle (sic) 1086 (DB), Holna 1178.

‘(Place at) the holly tree’.
OE holegn.

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Holnest Dorset. Holeherst 1185.

‘Wooded hill where holly grows’.
OE holegn + hyrst.

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Holsworthy Devon . Haldeurdi 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Heald’.
OE pers. name + worthig.

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Holt,

a common name, ‘(place at) the wood or thicket’,
OE holt; examples include: Holt Dorset. Winburneholt 1185, Holte 1372. Originally ‘wood near WIMBORNE [MINSTER]’. Holt Heref. & Worcs. Holte 1086 (DB). Holt Norfolk . Holt 1086 (DB). Holt Wilts. Holt 1242. Holt End Hants. Holt 1167.

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Holtby York. Holtebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Holti’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Holton,

a common name, has a number of different origins: Holton Lincs., near Beckering . Houtune 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead on a spur of land’.
OE hh + tn. Holton Oxon. Healhtun 956, Eltone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead in a nook of land’.
OE healh + tn. Holton Somerset . Healhtun c.1000. Identical in origin with the previous name. Holton Suffolk . Holetuna 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead near a hollow, or of a man called Hla’.
OE hol or OE pers. name + tn. Holton Heath Dorset. Holtone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead near a hollow, or near a wood’.
OE hol or holt + tn. Holton le Clay Lincs. Holtun (sic) 1086 (DB), Houtuna c.1115. ‘Farmstead on a spur of land’.
OE hh + tn. Affix means ‘in the clayey district’ from
OE clg. Holton le Moor Lincs. Hoctune 1086 (DB). Identical in origin with the previous name. Affix means ‘in the moorland’ from
OE mr. Holton St Mary Suffolk . Holetuna 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead near a hollow, or of a man called Hla’.
OE hol or OE pers. name + tn. Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Holwell,

a common name, has several different origins: Holwell Dorset, near Sherborne . Holewala 1188. ‘Ridge or bank in a hollow’.
OE hol + walu. Holwell Herts. Holewelle 969, 1086 (DB). ‘Spring or stream in a hollow’.
OE hol + wella. Holwell Leics. Holewelle 1086 (DB). Identical in origin with the previous name. Holwell Oxon. Haliwell 1222. ‘Holy spring or stream’.
OE hlig + wella.

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Holwick Durham . Holewyk 1235.

Probably ‘dwelling or farm in a hollow’.
OE hol + wc.

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Holworth Dorset. Holewertthe 934, Holverde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure in a hollow’.
OE hol + worth.

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Holybourne Hants. Haliburne 1086 (DB).

‘Holy stream’.
OE hlig + burna.

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Holy Island Northum. Halieland 1195.

‘Holy island’ (from its association with early Christian missionaries).
OE hlig + g-land. See LINDISFARNE.

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Holyport Berks. Horipord 1220.

‘Muddy or dirty market town’.
OE horig + port. The first element was intentionally changed to holy by the late 14th cent.

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Holystone Northum. Halistan 1242.

‘Holy stone’ (perhaps one at which the gospel was preached).
OE hlig + stn.

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Holywell Cambs. Haliewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Holy spring or stream’.
OE hlig + wella.

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Homersfield Suffolk . Humbresfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Hunbeorht’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Homerton Gtr. London . Humburton 1343.

‘Farmstead of a woman called Hnburh’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Homington Wilts. Hummingtun 956, Humitone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Humma’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Honeybourne, Church & Honeybourne, Cow Heref. & Worcs. Huniburna 709, Huniburne, Heniberge (sic) 1086 (DB), Churchoniborne 1535, Calewe Honiburn 1374.

‘(Places on) the stream by which honey is found’.
OE hunig + burna. Affixes from
OE cirice ‘church’ and calu ‘bare, lacking vegetation’.

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Honeychurch Devon . Honechercha 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘church of a man called Hna’.
OE pers. name + cirice.

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Honiley Warwicks. Hunilege 1208.

‘Woodland clearing where honey is found’.
OE hunig + lah.

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Honing Norfolk . Hanninge 1044–7, Haninga 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the people at the rock or hill’.
OE hn + -ingas.

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Honingham Norfolk . Hunincham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hn(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Honington Lincs. Hundintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Hund’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Honington Suffolk . Hunegetuna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Hn(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Honington Warwicks. Hunitona 1043, Hunitone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where honey is produced’.
OE hunig + tn.

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Honiton Devon . Honetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hna’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Honiton, Clyst Devon . Hinatune c.1100, Clysthynetone 1281.

‘Farmstead (on the River Clyst) belonging to a religious community’ (in this case Exeter Cathedral).
OE hwan (genitive plural hgna) + tn, to which the Celtic river- name (see CLYST) was later added.

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Honley W. Yorks. Haneleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where woodcock abound, or where there are stones and rocks’.
OE hana or hn + lah.

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Hoo, Hooe,

‘(place at) the spur of land’,
OE hh (dative he): Hoo, St Mary's Hoo Kent . Hoge c.687, How 1086 (DB), Ho St. Mary 1272. Affix St Mary from the dedication of the church. Hoo Green Suffolk . Ho c.1050, Hou 1086 (DB). Hooe Devon . Ho 1086 (DB). Hooe E. Sussex. Hou 1086 (DB).

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Hook, Hooke,

usually ‘(place at) the hook of land, or bend in a river or hill’,
OE hc: Hook Gtr. London . Hoke 1227. Hook Hants., near Basingstoke . Hoc 1223. Hook Wilts. La Hok 1238. Hooke Dorset. Lahoc 1086 (DB). With the French definite article la in the early form.
However the following have a different origin: Hook E. R. Yorks. Huck 12th cent.
OE hc ‘river-bend’. Hook Norton Oxon. Hocneratune early 10th cent. Possibly ‘farmstead of a tribe called Hoccanre’.
OE tribal name (meaning ‘people at Hocca.s hill-slope’ from OE pers. name and ra) + tn.

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Hoole Ches. Hole 1119.

‘(Place at) the hollow’.
OE hol.

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Hoole, Much Lancs. Hulle 1204, Magna Hole c.1235.

OE hulu ‘a shed, a hovel’. Affix is
OE mycel ‘great’ (earlier Latin magna).

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Hooton,

‘farmstead on a spur of land’,
OE hh + tn: Hooton Ches. Hotone 1086 (DB). Hooton Levitt S. Yorks. Hotone 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the Livet family, here in the 13th cent. Hooton Pagnell S. Yorks. Hotun 1086 (DB), Hotton Painel 1192. Manorial affix from its possession by the Painel family from the 11th cent. Hooton Roberts S. Yorks. Hotun 1086 (DB), Hoton Robert 1285. Manorial affix from its possession by a man called Robert in the 13th cent.

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Hope,

a common name, from
OE hop ‘small enclosed valley, enclosed plot of land’; examples include: Hope Derbys. Hope 926, 1086 (DB). Hope Devon . La Hope 1281. Hope Shrops. Hope 1242. Hope Bowdler Shrops. Fordritishope 1086 (DB), Hop 1201, Hopebulers 1273. The DB prefix is probably the
OE pers. name Forthrd; the later manorial affix is from the de Bulers family, here from 1201. Hope Green Ches. Hope 1282. With the later addition of grne ‘village green’. Hope Mansell Heref. & Worcs. Hope 1086 (DB). Hoppe Maloisel 12th cent. Manorial affix from early possession by the Maloisel family. Hope, Sollers Heref. & Worcs. Hope 1086 (DB), Hope Solers 1242. Manorial affix from the de Solariis family, here in the 13th cent. Hope under Dinmore Heref. & Worcs. Hope 1086 (DB), Hope sub'.Dinnemor 1291. Dinmore may be a Welsh name din mawr meaning ‘great fort’, or alternatively ‘marsh of a man called Dynna’ from
OE pers. name + mr.

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Hopton,

‘farmstead in a small enclosed valley or enclosed plot of land’,
OE hop + tn: Hopton Shrops., near Hodnet . Hotune (sic)1086 (DB), Hopton 1242. Hopton Staffs . Hoptuna 1167. Hopton Suffolk, near Thetford . Hopetuna 1086 (DB). Hopton Cangeford Shrops. Hopton 1242, Hopton Cangefot 1272. Manorial affix from its early possession by the Cangefot family. Hopton Castle Shrops. Opetune 1086 (DB). Affix from the Norman castle here. Hopton Wafers Shrops. Hopton 1086 (DB), Hopton Wafre 1236. Manorial affix from its early possession by the Wafre family.

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Hopwas Staffs . Opewas 1086 (DB).

‘Marshy or alluvial land near an enclosure’.
OE hop + wæsse.

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Hopwood,

‘wood near an enclosure or in a small enclosed valley’,
OE hop + wudu: Hopwood Gtr. Manch. Hopwode 1278. Hopwood Heref. & Worcs. Hopwuda 849.

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Horbling Lincs. Horbelinge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘muddy settlement of the family or followers of a man called Bill or Billa’.
OE horu + OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Horbury W. Yorks. Horberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold on muddy land’.
OE horu + burh (dative byrig).

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Horden Durham . Horedene c.1050.

‘Dirty or muddy valley’.
OE horu + denu.

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Hordle Hants. Herdel (sic)1086 (DB), Hordhull 1242.

‘Hill where treasure was found’.
OE hord + hyll.

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Hordley Shrops. Hordelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where treasure was found’.
OE hord + lah.

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Horham Suffolk . Horham c.950.

‘Muddy homestead’.
OE horu + hm.

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Horkesley, Great & Horkesley, Little Essex . Horchesleia c.1130.

‘Woodland clearing with a shelter’, or ‘dirty, muddy clearing’.
OE horc or horsc + lah.

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Horkstow N. Lincs. Horchetou (sic) 1086 (DB), Horkestowe 12th cent.

Probably ‘shelter for animals or people’.
OE horc + stw.

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Horley,

probably ‘woodland clearing in a horn-shaped piece of land’,
OE horn, horna + lah: Horley Oxon. Hornelie 1086 (DB). Horley Surrey . Horle 12th cent.

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Hormead, Great Herts. Horemede 1086 (DB).

‘Muddy meadow’.
OE horu + md.

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Hornblotton Green Somerset . Hornblawertone 851, Horblawetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the hornblowers or trumpeters’.
OE horn-blwere + tn.

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Hornby,

‘farmstead or village on a horn-shaped piece of land, or of a man called Horn or Horni’,
OScand. horn or pers. name + bý: Hornby Lancs. Hornebi 1086 (DB). Hornby N. Yorks., near Great Smeaton. Hornebia 1086 (DB). Hornby N. Yorks., near Hackforth . Hornebi 1086 (DB).

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Horncastle Lincs. Hornecastre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman station or fortification on a horn-shaped piece of land’.
OE horna + ceaster.

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Hornchurch Gtr. London . Hornechurch 1233.

‘Church with horn-like gables’.
OE horn, hornede + cirice.

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Horncliffe Northum. Hornecliff 1210.

‘Slope of the horn-shaped hill or piece of land’.
OE horna + clif.

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Horndean Hants. Harmedene 1199.

‘Dormouse valley’, or ‘valley of a man called Hearma’.
OE hearma or identical pers. name + denu.

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Horndon on the Hill Essex . Horninduna 1086 (DB).

‘Horn-shaped hill’.
OE horning + dn.

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Horne Surrey . Horne 1208.

‘(Place at) the horn-shaped hill or piece of land’.
OE horn or horna.

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Horning Norfolk . Horningga 1020–2, Horningam 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the people living at the horn-shaped piece of land, here a river-bend’.
OE horn, horna + -ingas. Alternatively ‘horn-shaped pieces of land’, from the plural of an
OE horning, is formally possible.

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Horninghold Leics. Horniwale (sic) 1086 (DB), Horningewald 1163.

‘Woodland of the people living at the horn-shaped piece of land’.
OE horn, horna + -inga- + wald.

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Horninglow Staffs . Horninglow 12th cent.

‘Mound at the horn-shaped hill or piece of land’.
OE horning + hlw.

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Horningsea Cambs. Horninges ige c.975, Horningesie 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Horning or by the horn-shaped hill’.
OE pers. name or horning + g.

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Horningsham Wilts. Horningesham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of a man called Horning’.
OE pers. name + hm. Alternatively the first element may be
OE horning ‘horn-shaped hill or piece of land’.

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Horningtoft Norfolk . Horninghetoft 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the people living at the horn-shaped hill or piece of land’.
OE horn, horna + -inga- + OScand. toft.

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Hornsby Cumbria . Ormesby c.1210.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ormr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Hornsea E. R. Yorks. Hornessei 1086 (DB).

‘Lake with a horn-shaped peninsula’.
OScand. horn + nes + sr.

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Hornsey Gtr. London . Haringeie 1201, Haringesheye 1243.

‘Enclosure in the grey wood’ or ‘of a man called Hæring’.
OE hring or OE pers. name + hæg. Nearby HARRINGAY is a different development of the same name.

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Hornton Oxon. Hornigeton 1194.

‘Farmstead near the horn-shaped piece of land’.
OE horning + tn, or horn(a) + -ing- + tn.

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Horrabridge Devon . Horebrigge 1345.

‘Grey or boundary bridge’.
OE hr + brycg.

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Horringer Suffolk . Horningeserda 1086 (DB).

‘Ploughed land at the bend or headland’ or ‘of a man called Horning’.
OE horning or OE pers. name + erth.

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Horrington, East & Horrington, West Somerset . Hornningdun 1065.

Possibly ‘horn-shaped hill’,
OE horning + dn. Alternatively ‘hill of the people living at the horn-shaped piece of land’,
OE horn or horna + -inga- + dn.

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Horseheath Cambs. Horseda c.1080, Horsei (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Heath where horses are kept’.
OE hors + hth.

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Horsell Surrey . Horisell 13th cent.

‘Shelter for animals in a muddy place’.
OE horu + (ge)sell.

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Horsey Norfolk . Horseia 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, where horses are kept’.
OE hors + g.

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Horsford Norfolk . Hosforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford which horses can cross’.
OE hors + ford.

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Horsforth W. Yorks. Horseford 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Horsham,

‘homestead or village where horses are kept’,
OE hors + hm: Horsham W. Sussex . Horsham 947. Horsham St Faith Norfolk . Horsham 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Horsington Lincs. Horsintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Horsa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Horsington Somerset . Horstenetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the horsekeepers or grooms’.
OE hors-thegn + tn.

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Horsley,

‘clearing or pasture where horses are kept’,
OE hors + lah: Horsley Derbys. Horselei 1086 (DB). Horsley Glos. Horselei 1086 (DB). Horsley Northum. Horseley 1242. Horsley, East & Horsley, West Surrey . Horsalæge 9th cent., Horslei, Orselei 1086 (DB).

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Horsmonden Kent . Horsbundenne c.1100.

Probably ‘woodland pasture near the stream where horses drink’.
OE hors + burna + denn.

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Horstead, Horsted,

‘place where horses are kept’,
OE hors + stede: Horstead Norfolk . Horsteda 1086 (DB). Horsted Keynes W. Sussex . Horstede 1086 (DB), Horsted Kaynes 1307. Manorial affix from its possession by William de Cahainges in 1086. Horsted, Little E. Sussex. Horstede 1086 (DB), Little Horstede 1307.

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Horton,

a common name, usually ‘dirty or muddy farmstead’,
OE horu + tn; examples include: Horton Bucks., near Ivinghoe . Hortone 1086 (DB). Horton Dorset. Hortun 1033, Hortune 1086 (DB). Horton Northants. Hortone 1086 (DB). Horton Oxon. Hortun 1005–12, Hortone 1086 (DB). Horton Shrops., near Wem . Hortune 1086 (DB). Horton Staffs . Horton 1239. Horton Surrey . Horton 1178. Horton Wilts. Horton 1158. Horton Green Ches. Horton c.1240. Horton-in-Ribblesdale N. Yorks . Hortune 1086 (DB), Horton in Ribbelesdale 13th cent. Affix means ‘valley of the River Ribble’,
OE river-name (see RIBBLETON) + OE dæl or OScand. dalr. Horton Kirby Kent . Hortune 1086 (DB), Horton Kyrkeby 1346. Manorial affix from its possession by the de Kirkeby family in the 13th cent.
However the following has a different origin: Horton S. Glos. Horedone 1086 (DB). ‘Hill frequented by harts or stags’.
OE heorot + dn.

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Horwich Gtr. Manch. Horewic 1221.

‘(Place at) the grey wych-elm(s)’.
OE hr + wice.

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Horwood Devon . Horewode, Hareoda 1086 (DB).

‘Grey wood or muddy wood’.
OE hr or horu + wudu.

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Horwood, Great & Horsley, Little Bucks. Horwudu 792, Hereworde (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Dirty or muddy wood’.
OE horu + wudu.

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Hose Leics. Hoches, Howes 1086 (DB).

‘The spurs of land’.
OE hh in a plural form h(h)as.

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Hotham E. R. Yorks. Hode 963, Hodhum 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the shelters’.
OE hd in a dative plural form hdum.

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Hothfield Kent . Hathfelde c.1100.

‘Heathy open land’.
OE hth + feld.

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Hoton Leics. Hohtone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on a spur of land’.
OE hh + tn.

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Hough,

‘the ridge or spur of land’,
OE hh: Hough Ches., near Willaston . Hohc 1241. Hough Ches., near Wilmslow . Le Hogh 1289.

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Hougham Lincs. Hacham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘river-meadow belonging to HOUGH-ON-THE-HILL’.
OE hamm.

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Hough-on-the-Hill Lincs. Hach, Hag 1086 (DB).

OE haga ‘enclosure’.

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Houghton,

a common name, usually ‘farmstead on or near a ridge or hillspur’,
OE hh + tn: Houghton Cambs. Hoctune 1086 (DB). Houghton Cumbria . Hotton 1246. Houghton Hants. Hohtun 982, Houstun (sic) 1086 (DB). Houghton W. Sussex . Hohtun 683. Houghton Conquest Beds. Houstone 1086 (DB), Houghton Conquest 1316. Manorial affix from the Conquest family, here in the 13th cent. Houghton, Great & Houghton, Little Northants. Hohtone 1086 (DB), Magna Houtona 1199, Parva Houtone 1233. Distinguishing affixes are Latin magna ‘great’ and parva ‘little’. Houghton le Side Durham . Hoctona 1200. Affix means ‘by the hill slope’ from
OE sde. Houghton le Spring Tyne & Wear. Hoctun, Houghton Springes c.1220. Manorial affix from the Spring family, here in the 13th cent. Houghton on the Hill Leics. Hohtone 1086 (DB). The affix is recorded from the 17th cent. Houghton Regis Beds. Houstone 1086 (DB), Kyngeshouton 1287.
Latin affix regis ‘of the king’ because it was a royal manor at an early date. Houghton St Giles Norfolk . Hohttune 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church.
However the following have a different origin, ‘farmstead in a nook of land’,
OE halh + tn: Houghton, Great S. Yorks. Haltun 1086 (DB), Magna Halghton 1303. Affix is
Latin magna ‘great’. Houghton, Little S. Yorks. Haltone 1086 (DB), Parva Halghton 1303. Affix is
Latin parva ‘little’.

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Hound Green Hants. Hune 1086 (DB).

‘Place where the plant hoarhound grows’.
OE hne.

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Hounslow Gtr. London . Honeslaw (sic) 1086 (DB), Hundeslawe 1217.

‘Mound or tumulus of the hound, or of a man called Hund’.
OE hund or OE pers. name + hlw.

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Hove E. Sussex. La Houue 1288.

OE hfe ‘hood-shaped hill’ or ‘shelter’.

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Hoveringham Notts. Horingeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Houeringeham 1167.

‘Homestead of the people living at the hump-shaped hill’.
OE hofer + -inga- + hm.

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Hoveton Norfolk . Houetonne 1044–7, Houetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hofa, or where the plant ale-hoof grows’.
OE pers. name or OE hfe + tn.

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Hovingham N. Yorks . Hovingham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hofa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Howden E. R. Yorks. Heafuddene 959, Hovedene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley by the headland or spit of land’.
OE hafod (replaced by OScand. hfuth) + denu.

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Howe Norfolk . Hou 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the hill or barrow’.
OScand. haugr.

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Howell Lincs. Huuelle 1086 (DB).

Second element OE wella ‘spring, stream’, first element doubtful, possibly
OE hugol ‘mound, hillock’ or hne ‘hoarhound’.

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Howick Northum. Hewic c.1100, Hawic 1230.

Probably ‘high (or chief) dairy-farm’.
OE hah + wc.

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Howle Shrops. Hugle 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the mound or hillock’.
OE hugol.

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Howsham,

‘(place at) the houses or buildings’,
OE hs or OScand. hús in a dative plural form: Howsham N. Lincs. Usun 1086 (DB). Howsham N. Yorks . Huson 1086 (DB).

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Howton Heref. & Worcs. Huetune c.1184.

Probably ‘estate of a man called Hugh’.
OFrench pers. name + OE tn.

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Hoxne Suffolk . Hoxne c.950, Hoxana 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘hock-shaped spur of land’.
OE hhsinu.

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Hoxton Gtr. London . Hochestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Hoylake Mersey . Hyle Lake 1687.

‘Tidal lake or channel at the hillock or sandbank’.
OE hygel + ME lake or OE lacu.

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Hoyland,

‘cultivated land on or near a hill-spur’,
OE hh + land: Hoyland, High S. Yorks. Holand 1086 (DB), Heyholand 1283. Affix is
OE hah ‘high’. Hoyland Nether S. Yorks . Ho(i)land 1086 (DB), Nether Holand 1390. Affix is
OE neotherra ‘lower’. Hoyland Swaine S. Yorks. Holande 1086 (DB), Holandeswayn 1266. Manorial affix from possession in the 12th cent. by a man called Swein (
OScand. Sveinn).

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Hubberholme N. Yorks . Huburgheham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a woman called Hnburh’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Huby N. Yorks., near Easingwold . Hobi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the spur of land’.
OE hh + OScand. bý.

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Huby N. Yorks., near Stainburn . Huby 1198.

‘Farmstead of a man called Hugh’.
OFrench pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Hucclecote Glos. Hochilicote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) associated with a man called Hucel(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cot.

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Hucking Kent . Hugginges 1195.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Hucca’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Hucklow, Great & Hucklow, Little Derbys. Hochelai 1086 (DB), Magna Hockelawe 1251, Parva Hokelawe 13th cent.

‘Mound or hill of a man called Hucca’.
OE pers. name + hlw. Affixes are
Latin magna ‘great’ and parva ‘little’.

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Hucknall,

‘nook of land of a man called Hucca’,
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh: Hucknall Notts. Hochenale 1086 (DB). Hucknall, Ault Derbys. Hokenhale 1291, Haulte Huknall 1535. Affix is
OFrench haut ‘high’.

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Huddersfield W. Yorks. Odresfeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Hudrd’.
OE pers. name + feld. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE hder ‘a shelter’.

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Huddington Heref. & Worcs. Hudintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Hudswell N. Yorks . Hudreswelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Hudeleswell 12th cent.

Probably ‘spring or stream of a man called Hdel’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Huggate E. R. Yorks. Hughete 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘road to or near the mounds’.
OScand. hugr + gata.

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Hughenden Valley Bucks. Huchedene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Huhha’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + denu. The recent addition Valley is strictly tautological.

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Hughley Shrops. Leg' 1203–4, Huleye c.1291.

Originally ‘the wood or clearing’, from
OE lah. Later addition from possession by a man called Hugh mentioned in 1203–4.

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Hugh Town Isles of Scilly, Cornwall. Hugh Town 17th cent., named from the Hew Hill 1593.

Probably
OE hh ‘spur of land’.

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Huish,

a common name, ‘measure of land that would support a family’,
OE hwisc; examples include: Huish Wilts. Iwis 1086 (DB). Huish Champflower Somerset . Hiwis 1086 (DB), Hywys Champflur 1274. Manorial affix from the Champflur family, here in the 13th cent. Huish Episcopi Somerset . Hiwissh 973. Affix is
Latin episcopi ‘bishop's’, referring to early possession by the Bishop of Wells. Huish, North & Huish, South Devon . Hewis, Heuis 1086 (DB).

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Hulcott Bucks. Hoccote 1200, Hulecote 1228.

Probably ‘hovel-like cottages’.
OE hulu + cot.

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Hull,

see KINGSTON UPON HULL.

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Hull, Bishop's Somerset . Hylle 1033, Hilla 1086 (DB), Hulle Episcopi 1327.

‘(Place at) the hill’.
OE hyll. Affix from its early possession by the Bishops of Winchester.

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Hulland Derbys. Hoilant 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land by a hill-spur’.
OE hh + land.

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Hullavington Wilts . Hunlavintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hnlf’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Hullbridge Essex . Whouluebregg 1375.

Probably ‘bridge with arches’.
OE hwalf + brycg.

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Hulme,

‘the island, the dry ground in marsh, the water-meadow’,
OScand. holmr: Hulme Gtr. Manch. Hulm 1246. Hulme, Cheadle Gtr. Manch. Hulm late 12th cent., Chedle Hulm 1345. Within the parish of CHEADLE. Hulme End Staffs . Hulme 1227. Hulme Walfield Ches. Wallefeld et Hulm c.1262. Walfield was originally a separate manor, ‘open land at a spring’,
OE wælla or wælm + feld.

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Hulton, Abbey Staffs . Hulton 1235.

‘Farmstead on a hill’.
OE hyll + tn. Affix from the Cistercian abbey founded here in 1223.

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Humber (river) E. R. Yorks. Humbri fluminis c.720, Humbre 9th cent.

An ancient pre-English river-name of uncertain origin and meaning which also occurs elsewhere in England (as in next name).

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Humber Court Heref. & Worcs. Humbre 1086 (DB).

Originally the name of Humber Brook, see previous name.

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Humberston NE. Lincs. Humbrestone 1086 (DB).

‘(Place by) the boundary stone in the River Humber’.
Ancient river-name (see HUMBER) + OE stn.

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Humbleton E. R. Yorks. Humeltone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a rounded hillock, or where hops grow’, or ‘farmstead of a man called Humli’.
OE humol or humele or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Humbleton Northum. Hameldun 1170.

‘Crooked or scarred hill’.
OE hamel + dn.

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Humshaugh Northum. Hounshale 1279.

Probably ‘nook of land of a man called Hn’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Huncoat Lancs. Hunnicot 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘cottage(s) of a man called Hna’,
OE pers. name + cot. Alternatively the first element may be
OE hunig ‘honey’.

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Huncote Leics. Hunecote 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘cottage(s) of a man called Hna’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Hunderthwaite Durham . Hundredestoit 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing or meadow of a man called Hnrøthr’.
OScand. pers. name + thveit. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. hundrath or OE hundred in the sense ‘administrative district’.

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Hundleby Lincs. Hundelbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hundulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Hundon Suffolk . Hunedana 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Hna’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Hungerford Berks. Hungreford 1101–18.

‘Hunger ford’, i.e. ‘ford leading to poor or unproductive land’.
OE hungor + ford.

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Hunmanby N. Yorks . Hundemanebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the houndsmen or dog-keepers’.
OScand. hunda-mann (genitive plural -a) + bý.

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Hunningham Warwicks. Huningeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Hunsdon Herts. Honesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Hn’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Hunsingore N. Yorks . Hulsingoure (sic)1086 (DB), Hunsinghouere 1194.

‘Promontory associated with a man called Hnsige’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + ofer.

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Hunslet W. Yorks. Hunslet (sic) 1086 (DB), Hunesflete 12th cent.

‘Inlet or stream of a man called Hn’.
OE pers. name + flot.

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Hunsley, High E. R. Yorks. Hund(r)eslege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Hund’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Hunsonby Cumbria . Hunswanby 1292.

‘Farmstead or village of the houndsmen or dog-keepers’.
OScand. hunda-sveinn + bý.

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Hunstanton Norfolk . Hunstanestun c.1035, Hunestanestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hnstn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Hunstanworth Durham . Hunstanwortha 1183.

‘Enclosure of a man called Hnstn’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Hunston Suffolk . Hunterstuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the hunter’.
OE huntere + tn.

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Hunston W. Sussex . Hunestan 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called Hn(a)’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Huntingdon Cambs. Huntandun 973, Huntedun 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the huntsman, or of a man called Hunta’.
OE hunta or pers. name (genitive -n) + dn. Huntingdonshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Huntingfield Suffolk . Huntingafelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the family or followers of a man called Hunta’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Huntington York. Huntindune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hunting hill’, i.e. ‘hill where hunting takes place’.
OE hunting + dn.

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Huntington Staffs . Huntendon 1167.

‘Hill of the huntsmen’.
OE hunta (genitive plural huntena) + dn.

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Huntley Glos. Huntelei 1086 (DB).

‘Huntsman's wood or clearing’.
OE hunta + lah.

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Hunton Kent . Huntindone 11th cent.

‘Hill of the huntsmen’.
OE hunta (genitive plural huntena) + dn.

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Hunton N. Yorks . Huntone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hna’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Huntsham Devon . Honesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Hn’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Huntspill Somerset . Honspil 1086 (DB).

‘Tidal creek of a man called Hn’.
OE pers. name + pyll.

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Huntworth Somerset . Hunteworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of the huntsman, or of a man called Hunta’.
OE hunta or pers. name + worth.

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Hunwick Durham . Hunewic c.1050.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Hna’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Hunworth Norfolk . Hunaworda 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Hna’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Hurdsfield Ches. Hirdelesfeld 13th cent.

Probably ‘open land at a hurdle (fence)'.
OE hyrdel, hyrdels + feld.

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Hurley,

‘woodland clearing in a recess in the hills’,
OE hyrne + lah: Hurley Berks. Herlei 1086 (DB), Hurnleia 1106–21. Hurley Warwicks. Hurle early 11th cent., Hurnlee c.1180.

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Hurn Dorset. Herne 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the angle or corner of land’.
OE hyrne.

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Hursley Hants. Hurselye 1171.

Probably ‘mare's woodland clearing’.
OE hyrse + lah.

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Hurst Berks. Herst 1220.

‘(Place at) the wooded hill’.
OE hyrst. The same name occurs in other counties.

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Hurstbourne Priors & Hurstbourn, Tarrant Hants. Hysseburnan c.880, Esseborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream with winding water-plants’, probably referring to green canary-grass.
OE hysse + burna. Distinguishing affixes from early possession of the two manors by Winchester Priory and Tarrant Abbey.

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Hurst, Old Cambs. ,

see OLD HURST.

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Hurstpierpoint W. Sussex . Herst 1086 (DB), Herst Perepunt 1279.

OE hyrst ‘wooded hill’ + manorial addition from possession by Robert de Pierpoint in 1086.

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Hurstwood Lancs. Hurstwode 1285.

‘Wood on a hill’.
OE hyrst + wudu.

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Hurworth Durham . Hurdewurda 1158.

‘Enclosure made with hurdles’.
OE hurth + worth.

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Husbands Bosworth Leics. ,

see BOSWORTH.

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Husborne Crawley Beds. Hysseburnan 969, Crawelai 1086 (DB), Husseburn Crouleye 1276.

Originally two separate places. ‘Stream with winding water-plants’, from
OE hysse + burna, and ‘wood or clearing frequented by crows’ from OE crwe + lah.

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Husthwaite N. Yorks . Hustwait 1167.

‘Clearing with a house or houses built on it’.
OScand. hús + thveit.

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Huthwaite Notts. Hodweit 1199.

‘Clearing on a spur of land’.
OE hh + OScand. thveit.

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Huttoft Lincs. Hotoft 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead on a spur of land’.
OE hh + OScand. toft.

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Hutton,

a common name, ‘farmstead on or near a ridge or hill-spur’,
OE hh + tn: Hutton Cumbria . Hoton 1291. Hutton Essex . Atahov 1086 (DB), Houton 1200. In DB it is simply ‘(place) at the ridge or hillspur’. Hutton Lancs., near Penwortham . Hoton 12th cent. Hutton Somerset . Hotune 1086 (DB). Hutton Buscel N. Yorks . Hotun 1086 (DB), Hoton Buscel 1253. Manorial affix from the Buscel family, here in the 12th cent. Hutton Conyers N. Yorks , Hotone 1086 (DB), Hotonconyers 1198. Manorial affix from the Conyers family, here in the early 12th cent. Hutton Cranswick E. R. Yorks. Hottune 1086 (DB). Distinguishing affix from its proximity to Cranswick (Cranzuic 1086 (DB)) which is possibly ‘(dairy) farm of a man called Cranuc’,
OE pers. name + wc. Hutton Henry Durham . Hoton c.1050. Affix from its possession by Henry de Essh in the 14th cent. Hutton-le-Hole N. Yorks . Hotun 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘in the hollow’ from
OE hol. Hutton Lowcross Red. & Cleve. Hotun 1086 (DB). Affix from a nearby place (Loucros 12th cent.) which may be ‘cross of a man called Logi’,
OScand. pers. name +cros. Hutton Magna Durham . Hotton 1086 (DB), Magna Hoton 1157.
Latin magna ‘great’. Hutton Roof Cumbria . Hotunerof 1278. Affix is probably manorial from some early owner called Rolf (
OScand. Hrólfr). Hutton Rudby N. Yorks . Hotun 1086 (DB). Hoton by Ruddeby 1310. Affix from a nearby place (Rodebi 1086 (DB)) which is ‘farmstead of a man called Ruthi’,
OScand. pers. name + bý. Hutton, Sand N. Yorks . Hotone 1086 (DB), Sandhouton 1219. Affix is
OE sand ‘sand’. Hutton Sessay N. Yorks . Hottune 1086 (DB). Affix from its proximity to SESSAY. Hutton, Sheriff N. Yorks . Hotone 1086 (DB), Shirefhoton c.1200. Affix from the Sheriff of York who held this manor from the mid-12th cent.,
OE scr-gerfa. Hutton Wandesley N. Yorks . Hoton c.1200. Hotun Wandelay 1253. Affix from a nearby place (Wandeslage 1086 (DB)), ‘woodland clearing of a man called Wand or Wandel’,
OE pers. name + lah.

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Huxley Ches. Huxelehe early 13th cent.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Hucc’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Huyton Mersey . Hitune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate with a landing-place’.
OE hh + tn.

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Hyde,

‘estate assessed at one hide, an amount of land for the support of one free family and its dependants’,
OE hd; for example Hyde Gtr. Manch. Hyde early 13th cent.

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Hykeham, North & Hykeham, South Lincs. Hicham 1086 (DB).

OE hm ‘homestead’ or hamm ‘enclosure’ with a doubtful first element, possibly an
OE hce ‘some kind of small bird’.

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Hylton, South Tyne & Wear. Helton 1195.

‘Farmstead on a slope or hill’.
OE helde or hyll + tn.

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Hythe,

‘landing-place or harbour’,
OE hth: Hythe Kent . Hede 1086 (DB). Hythe Hants. La Huthe 1248.

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I

Ibberton Dorset. Abristetone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called adbeorht’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ible Derbys. Ibeholon 1086 (DB).

‘Hollow(s) of a man called Ibba’.
OE pers. name + hol.

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Ibsley Hants. Tibeslei 1086 (DB), Ibeslehe 13th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Tibbi or Ibbi’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Ibstock Leics. Ibestoche 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Ibba’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Ibstone Bucks. Ebestan 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called Ibba’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Ibthorpe Hants. Ebbedrope 1236, Ybethrop 1269.

‘Outlying farmstead of a man called Ibba’.
OE pers. name + throp.

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Ickburgh Norfolk . Iccheburc 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Ic(c)a’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Ickenham Gtr. London . Ticheham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Tic(c)a’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm. Initial T- was lost in the 13th cent. due to confusion with the preposition at.

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Ickford Bucks. Iforde (sic) 1086 (DB), Ycford 1175.

‘Ford of a man called Ic(c)a’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Ickham Kent . Ioccham 785, Gecham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village comprising a yoke (some fifty acres) of land’.
OE geoc + hm.

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Ickleford Herts. Ikelineford 12th cent.

‘Ford associated with a man called Icel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + ford.

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Icklesham E. Sussex. Icoleshamme 770.

‘Promontory or river-meadow of a man called Icel’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Ickleton Cambs. Icelingtune c.975, Hichelintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Icel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Icklingham Suffolk . Ecclingaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Ycel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Icknield Way (prehistoric trackway from Norfolk to Dorset ). Icenhylte 903.

Obscure in origin and meaning. The name was transferred in the 12th cent. to the Roman road from Bourton on the Water to Templeborough near Rotherham, now called Icknield or Ryknild Street .

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Ickwell Green Beds. Ikewelle c.1170.

‘Beneficial spring or stream’, or ‘spring or stream of a man called Gic(c)a’.
OE goc or OE pers. name + wella.

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Icomb Glos. Iccacumb 781, Iccumbe 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Ic(c)a’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Iddesleigh Devon . Edeslege (sic) 1086 (DB), Edwislega 1107.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called adwg’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Ide Devon . Ide 1086 (DB).

Possibly an old river-name of pre-English origin.

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Ideford Devon . Yudaforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Giedda’, or ‘ford where people assemble for speeches or songs’.
OE pers. name or OE giedd + ford

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. Ide Hill Kent . Edythehelle c.1250.

‘Hill of a woman called Edith (
OE adgth)’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Iden E. Sussex. Idene 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland pasture where yew-trees grow’.
OE g + denn.

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Idle W. Yorks. Idla c.1190, Idel 13th cent.

Probably
OE del ‘idle, empty’ used as a noun in the sense ‘uncultivated land’.

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Idlicote Warwicks. Etelincote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) associated with a man called Yttel(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cot.

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Idmiston Wilts. Idemestone 947.

‘Farmstead of a man called Idmr or Idhelm’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Idridgehay Derbys. Edrichesei 1230.

‘Enclosure of a man called adrc.
OE pers. name + hæg.

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Idstone Oxon. Edwineston 1199.

‘Farmstead of a man called adwine’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Iffley Oxon. Gifetelea 1004, Givetelei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing frequented by the plover or similar bird’.
OE gfete + lah.

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Ifield W. Sussex . Ifelt 1086 (DB).

‘Open land where yew-trees grow’.
OE g + feld.

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Ifold W. Sussex . Ifold 1296.

Probably ‘fold or enclosure in well-watered land’.
OE eg + fald.

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Iford E. Sussex. Niworde (sic) 1086 (DB), Yford late 11th cent.

‘Ford in well-watered land’, or ‘ford where yew-trees grow’.
OE eg or g + ford

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.Ifton Heath Shrops. Iftone 1272.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Ifa’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ightfield Shrops. Istefelt 1086 (DB), Ychtefeld 1210–12.

‘Open land by the River Ight’.
Pre-English river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE feld.

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Ightham Kent . Ehteham c.1100.

‘Homestead or village of a man called Ehta’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Iken Suffolk . Ykene 1212.

Possibly an ancient river-name identical with ITCHEN. This would have been the old name of the River Alde, for which see ALDEBURGH.

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Ilam Staffs . Hilum 1002.

Possibly a Celtic river-name (an early name for River Manifold) meaning ‘trickling stream’. Alternatively the name may be ‘(place at) the pools’, from
OScand. hylr in a dative plural form hylum.

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Ilchester Somerset . Givelcestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town on the River Gifl’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘forked river’) + OE ceaster. Gifl was an earlier name for the River Yeo.

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Ilderton Northum. Ildretona c.1125.

‘Farmstead where elder-trees grow’.
OE hyldre + tn.

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Ilford Gtr. London . Ilefort 1086 (DB).

‘Ford over the river called Hyle’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘trickling stream’) + OE ford. Hyle was an early name for the River Roding below Ilford.

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Ilfracombe Devon . Alfreincome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley associated with a man called Ælfrd’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cumb.

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Ilkeston Derbys. Tilchestune (sic) 1086 (DB), Elkesdone early 11th cent.

‘Hill of a man called alc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ilketshall St Andrew & Ilketshall St Margaret Suffolk . Ilcheteleshala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Ylfketill’.
OScand. pers. name + OE halh. Distinguishing affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Ilkley W. Yorks. Hillicleg c.972, Illiclei 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a man called Yllica or Illica’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Illingworth W. Yorks. Illingworthe 1276.

‘Enclosure associated with a man called Illa or Ylla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + worth.

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Illogan Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Illoganus’ 1291.

‘Church of St Illogan’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Illston on the Hill Leics. Elvestone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Iólfr or Elf’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + OE tn.

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Ilmer Bucks. Imere (sic) 1086 (DB), Ilmere 1161–3.

Probably ‘pool where leeches are found’.
OE l + mere.

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Ilmington Warwicks. Ylmandun 978, Ilmedone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill growing with elm-trees’.
OE ylme (genitive -an) + dn.

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Ilminster Somerset . Illemynister 995, Ileminstre 1086 (DB).

‘Large church on the River Isle’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE mynster.

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Ilsington Devon . Ilestintona 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ielfstn’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ilsley, East & Ilsley, West Berks. Hildeslei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Hild’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Ilton N. Yorks . Ilcheton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Yllica or Illica’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ilton Somerset . Atiltone (sic) 1086 (DB), Ilton 1243.

‘Farmstead on the River Isle’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE tn.

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Immingham NE. Lincs. Imungeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Immingeham c.1115.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Imma’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Impington Cambs. Impintune c.1050, Epintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Empa or Impa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ince, ‘the island’ ,

OWelsh inis: Ince Ches. Inise 1086 (DB). Ince Gtr. Manch. Ines 1202. Ince Blundell Mersey . Hinne (sic) 1086 (DB), Ins Blundell 1332. Manorial affix from the Blundell family, here in the early 13th cent.

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Ingatestone Essex . Gynges Atteston 1283.

‘Manor called Ing (for which see FRYERNING) at the stone’. One of a group of places so called, this one distinguished by reference to a Roman milestone.
OE stn.

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Ingbirchworth S. Yorks. Berceuuorde 1086 (DB), Yngebyrcheworth 1424.

‘Enclosure where birch-trees grow’.
OE birce + worth with the later addition of OScand. eng ‘meadow’.

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Ingham,

possibly ‘homestead or village of a man called Inga’,
OE pers. name + hm, although it has recently been suggested that the first element of these names may be a word meaning ‘the Inguione’, a member of the ancient Germanic tribe called the Inguiones: Ingham Lincs. Ingeham 1086 (DB). Ingham Norfolk . Hincham 1086 (DB). Ingham Suffolk . Ingham 1086 (DB).

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Ingleby,

‘farmstead or village of the Englishmen’,
OScand. Englar + bý: Ingleby Derbys. Englaby 1009, Englebi 1086 (DB). Ingleby Lincs. Englebi 1086 (DB). Ingleby Arncliffe N. Yorks . Englebi 1086 (DB). Affix is from a nearby place (Erneclive 1086), ‘eagles' cliff’,
OE earn + clif. Ingleby Greenhow N. Yorks . Englebi 1086 (DB). Affix is from a nearby place (Grenehou 12th cent.), ‘green mound’,
OE grne + OScand. haugr.

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Inglesham Wilts. Inggeneshamme c.950.

‘Enclosure or river-meadow of a man called Ingen or Ingn’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Ingleton Durham . Ingeltun c.1050.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Ingeld’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Ingleton N. Yorks . Inglestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near the hill or peak’.
OE ingel + tn.

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Inglewhite Lancs. Inglewhite 1662.

Probably from
OE wiht ‘river-bend’ with an uncertain first element.

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Ingoe Northum. Hinghou 1229.

Probably
OE ing ‘hill, peak’ with the addition of hh ‘spur of land’.

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Ingoldisthorpe Norfolk . Torp 1086 (DB), Ingaldestorp 1203.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Ingjaldr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Ingoldmells Lincs. in Guldelsmere (sic) 1086 (DB), Ingoldesmeles 1180.

‘Sand-banks of a man called Ingjaldr’.
OScand. pers. name + melr.

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Ingoldsby Lincs. Ingoldesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ingjaldr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Ingram Northum. Angerham 1242.

‘Homestead or enclosure with grassland’.
OE anger + hm or hamm.

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Ingrave Essex . Ingam 1086 (DB), Gingeraufe 1276.

‘Manor called Ing (for which see FRYERNING) held by a man called Ralf (
OGerman Radulf)’. He was a tenant in 1086.

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Ingworth Norfolk . Inghewurda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Inga’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Inkberrow Heref. & Worcs. Intanbeorgas 789, Inteberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hills or mounds of a man called Inta’.
OE pers. name + beorg (plural -as).

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Inkpen Berks. Ingepenne c.935, Hingepene 1086 (DB).

OE ing ‘hill, peak’ with either
Celtic penn ‘hill’ or OE penn ‘enclosure, fold’.

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Inskip Lancs. Inscip 1086 (DB).

Probably
OWelsh inis ‘island’ with OE cpe ‘osier-basket for catching fish’.

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Instow Devon . Johannesto 1086 (DB).

‘Holy place of St John’.
Saint's name + OE stw. The church here is dedicated to St John the Baptist.

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Inwardleigh Devon . Lega 1086 (DB), Inwardlegh 1235.

‘Woodland clearing’.
OE lah, with manorial addition from the man called Inwar (
OScand. Ingvar) who held the manor in 1086.

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Inworth Essex . Inewrth 1206.

‘Enclosure of a man called Ina’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Iping W. Sussex . Epinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Ipa’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Ipplepen Devon . Iplanpenne 956, Iplepene 1086 (DB).

‘Fold or enclosure of a man called Ipela’.
OE pers. name + penn.

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Ipsden Oxon. Yppesdene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley near the upland’.
OE yppe + denu.

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Ipstones Staffs . Yppestan 1175.

Probably ‘stone in the high place or upland’.
OE yppe + stn.

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Ipswich Suffolk . Gipeswic c.975, 1086 (DB).

‘Harbour or trading centre of a man called Gip’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Irby, Ireby,

‘farmstead or village of the Irishmen’,
OScand. Írar + bý: Irby Mersey . Irreby c.1100. Irby in the Marsh Lincs. Irebi c.1115. Irby upon Humber NE. Lincs. Iribi 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see HUMBER. Ireby Cumbria . Irebi c.1160. Ireby Lancs. Irebi 1086 (DB).

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Irchester Northants. Yranceaster 973, Irencestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman station associated with a man called Ira or Yra’.
OE pers. name + ceaster.

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Ireby,

see IRBY.

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Ireleth Cumbria . Irlid 1190.

‘Hill-slope of the Irishmen’.
OScand. Írar + hlíth.

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Ireton, Kirk Derbys. Hiretune 1086 (DB), Kirkirton 1370.

‘Farmstead of the Irishmen’.
OScand. Írar + OE tn. Affix is
OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Irlam Gtr. Manch. Urwelham c.1190.

‘Homestead or enclosure on the River Irwell’.
OE river-name (‘winding stream’ from OE irre + wella) + OE hm or hamm.

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Irnham Lincs. Gerneham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Georna’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Iron Acton S. Glos. ,

see ACTON.

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Ironbridge Shrops. ,

a late name, so called from the famous iron bridge built here across the River Severn in 1779.

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Irthington Cumbria . Irthinton 1169.

‘Farmstead on the River Irthing’.
Celtic river-name + OE tn.

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Irthlingborough Northants. Yrtlingaburg 780, Erdi(n)burne (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘fortified manor belonging to the ploughmen’.
OE erthling, yrthling + burh.

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Irton Cumbria . Yrton c.1225.

‘Farmstead on the River Irt’.
OE tn with an old pre-English river-name of uncertain meaning.

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Irton N. Yorks . Iretune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the Irishmen’.
OScand. Írar + OE tn.

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Irwell (river) Lancs. ,

see IRLAM.

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Isfield E. Sussex. Isefeld 1214.

‘Open land of a man called Isa’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Isham Northants. Ysham 974, Isham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or promontory by the River Ise’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘water’) + OE hm or hamm.

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Isis (river) Oxon. , recorded as Isa c.1350, Isis 1577,

an artificial formation from Tamesis, the early form for THAMES, which was falsely interpreted as THAME + Isis.

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Isle Abbotts & Isle Brewers Somerset . Yli 966, I(s)le 1086 (DB), Ile Abbatis 1291, Ile Brywer 1275.

Named from the River Isle, which is a Celtic river-name of uncertain meaning. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by Muchelney Abbey (
Latin abbatis ‘of the abbot’) and by the Briwer family.

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Isleham Cambs. Yselham 895, Gisleham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Gsla’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Isle of Dogs Gtr. London , first recorded as Isle of Doges Ferm 1593,

probably simply descriptive of a marshy peninsula frequented by (wild or stray) dogs.

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Isleworth Gtr. London , Gislheresuuyrth 677, Gistelesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Gslhere’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Islington Gtr. London . Gislandune c.1000, Iseldone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Gsla’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Islip Northants. Isslepe 10th cent., Islep 1086 (DB).

‘Slippery place by the River Ise’.
Pre-English river-name (meaning ‘water’) + OE slp.

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Islip Oxon. Githslepe c.1050, Letelape (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Slippery place by the River Ight (an old name for the River Ray)’.
Pre-English river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE slp.

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Itchen Abbas Hants. Icene 1086 (DB), Ichene Monialium 1167.

Named from the River Itchen, an ancient pre-Celtic river-name of unknown origin and meaning. The Latin affix in the 12th cent. form means ‘of the nuns’, the later affix Abbas is a reduced form of
Latin abbatissa ‘abbess’, both referring to possession by the Abbey of St Mary, Winchester.

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Itchen Stoke Hants. Stoche 1086 (DB), Ichenestoke 1185.

‘Secondary settlement from ITCHEN [ABBAS]’.
OE stoc.

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Itchenor, East & Itchenor, West W. Sussex . Iccannore 683, Icenore 1086 (DB).

‘Shore of a man called Icca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + ra.

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Itchington S. Glos. Icenantune 967, Icetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a stream called Itchen’.
Lost pre-Celtic river-name (of unknown meaning) + OE tn.

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Itchington, Bishops & Itchington, Long Warwicks. Yceantune 1001, Ice(n)tone 1086 (DB), Bisshopesychengton 1384, Longa Hichenton c.1185.

‘Farmstead on the River Itchen’.
Pre-Celtic river-name (of unknown meaning) + OE tn. Distinguishing affixes from possession by the Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield and from
OE lang ‘long’.

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Itteringham Norfolk . Utrincham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Ytra or Ytri’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Ivegill Cumbria . Yuegill 1361.

‘Deep narrow valley of the River Ive’.
OScand. river-name (meaning ‘yew stream’) + gil.

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Ivel (river) Beds. , Herts.,

see NORTHILL.

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Iver Bucks. Evreham 1086 (DB), Eura c.1130.

‘(Place by) the brow of a hill or the tip of a promontory’.
OE yfer (-am in the Domesday spelling is a Latin ending).

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Iveston Durham . Ivestan 1183.

‘Boundary stone of a man called Ifa’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Ivinghoe Bucks. Evinghehou 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of the family or followers of a man called Ifa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hh.

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Ivington Heref. & Worcs. Ivintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ifa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ivybridge Devon . Ivebrugge 1292.

‘Ivy- covered bridge’.
OE fig + brycg.

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Ivychurch Kent . Iuecirce 11th cent.

‘Ivy- covered church’.
OE fig + cirice.

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Iwade Kent . Ywada 1179.

‘Ford or crossing-place where yew-trees grow’.
OE w + (ge)wæd. The crossing-place is to the Isle of Sheppey.

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Iwerne Courtney or Shroton, Iwerne Minster Dorset. Ywern 877, Werne, Evneministre 1086 (DB), Iwerne Courteney alias Shyrevton 1403.

Named from the River Iwerne, a Celtic river-name possibly meaning ‘yew river’ or referring to a goddess. Distinguishing affixes from the Courtenay family, here in the 13th cent., and from
OE mynster ‘church of a monastery’ in allusion to early possession by Shaftesbury Abbey. Shroton means ‘sheriff's estate’,
OE scr-rfa + tn.

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Ixworth Suffolk . Gyxeweorde c.1025, Giswortha 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Gicsa or Gycsa’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Ixworth Thorpe Suffolk . Torp 1086 (DB), Ixeworth thorp 1305.

‘Secondary settlement dependent on IXWORTH’.
OScand. thorp.

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J

Jacobstow, Jacobstowe,

‘holy place of St James’,
saint's name (Latin Jacobus) + OE stw: Jacobstow Cornwall . Jacobestowe 1270. Jacobstowe Devon . Jacopstoue 1331.

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Jarrow Tyne & Wear. Gyruum c.730.

‘(Settlement of) the fen people’.
OE tribal name Gyrwe derived from
OE gyr ‘mud, marsh’.

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Jaywick Sands Essex . Clakyngeywyk 1438, Gey wyck 1584.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm at the place associated with a man called Clacc’.
OE pers. name + -ing + wc. The first part of the name (probably taken to be a local form of CLACTON) was dropped in the 16th cent.

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Jervaulx Abbey N. Yorks . Jorvallec.1145.

‘Valley of the River Ure’.
Ancient pre-English river-name of uncertain origin + OFrench val(s).

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Jevington E. Sussex. Lovingetone (sic) 1086 (DB), Govingetona 1189.

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Geofa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Jodrell Bank Ches. , recorded from 1831,

‘bank or hill-side belonging to the Jodrell family’, land-owners here in the 19th cent.

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Johnby Cumbria . Johannebi 1200.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Johan’.
OFrench pers. name + OScand. bý.

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K

Kaber Cumbria . Kaberge late 12th cent.

‘Hill frequented by jackdaws’.
OE c + beorg, or OScand. ká + berg.

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Kea, Old Kea Cornwall . Sanctus Che 1086 (DB).

‘(Church of) St Kea’. From the dedication of the church.

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Keal, East & Keal, West Lincs. Estrecale, Westrecale 1086 (DB).

‘The ridge of hills’.
OScand. kjlr. Distinguishing affixes are
OE asterra ‘more easterly’ and westerra ‘more westerly’.

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Kearsley Gtr. Manch. Cherselawe 1187, Kersleie c.1220.

‘Clearing where cress grows’.
OE cærse + lah.

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Kearstwick Cumbria . Kesthwaite 1547.

‘Valley clearing’.
OScand. kjóss + thveit.

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Kearton N. Yorks . Karretan (sic) 13th cent., Kirton 1298.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Kærir’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Keddington Lincs. Cadinton (sic) 1086 (DB), Kedingtuna 12th cent.

Probably ‘farmstead associated with a man called Cydda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kedington Suffolk . Kydington 1043–5, Kidituna 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Kedleston Derbys. Chetelestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Ketill’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Keelby Lincs. Chelebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on or near a ridge’.
OScand. kjlr + bý.

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Keele Staffs . Kiel 1169.

‘Hill where cows graze’.
OE c + hyll.

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Keevil Wilts . Kefle 964, Chivele 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing in a hollow’.
OE cf + lah.

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Kegworth Leics. Cacheworde (sic) 1086 (DB), Caggworth c.1125.

Possibly ‘enclosure of a man called Cægga’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Keighley W. Yorks. Chichelai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Cyhha’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Keinton Mandeville Somerset . Chintune 1086 (DB), Kyngton Maundevill 1280.

‘Royal manor’.
OE cyne- + tn. Manorial affix from the Maundevill family, here in the 13th cent.

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Keisby Lincs. Chisebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Kisi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. ks ‘gravel, coarse sand’.

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Kelbrook Lancs. Chelbroc 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘brook flowing in a ravine’.
OE ceole (with Scand. k-) + brc.

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Kelby Lincs. Chelebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village on or near a ridge or wedge-shaped piece of land’.
OScand. kjlr or kæl + bý.

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Keld N. Yorks . Appeltrekelde 1301, Kelde 1538.

‘The spring’, from
OScand. kelda, ‘by the apple-tree’ in the early form.

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Keldholme N. Yorks . Keldeholm 12th cent.

‘Island or river -meadow near the spring’.
OScand. kelda + holmr.

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Kelfield,

‘open land where chalk was spread, or by a cup-shaped feature’,
OE celce or cælc + feld: Kelfield Lincs. Kelkefeld 12th cent. Kelfield N. Yorks . Chelchefeld 1086 (DB).

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Kelham Notts. Calun (sic) 1086 (DB), Kelum 1156.

‘(Place at) the ridges’.
OScand. kjlr in a dative plural form.

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Kelk, Great E. R. Yorks. Chelche 1086 (DB).

‘Chalky ground’.
OE celce (with Scand. k-).

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Kellet, Nether & Kellet, Over Lancs. Chellet 1086 (DB).

‘Slope with a spring’.
OScand. kelda + hlíth.

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Kelleth Cumbria . Keldelith 12th cent.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Kelling Norfolk . Chillinge c.970, Kellinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Cylla or Ceolla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Kellington N. Yorks . Chellinctone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ceolla’.
OE pers. name (with Scand. k-) + -ing- + tn.

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Kelloe Durham . Kelflau c.1170.

‘Hill where calves graze’.
OE celf + hlw.

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Kelly Devon . Chenleie (sic) 1086 (DB), Chelli 1166.

Probably Cornish kelli ‘grove, small wood’.

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Kelmarsh Northants. Keilmerse 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘marsh marked out by poles or posts’.
OE cegel (with Scand. k-) + mersc.

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Kelmscot Oxon. Kelmescote 1234.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Cnhelm’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Kelsale Suffolk . Keleshala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Cl(i) or Col’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Kelsall Ches. Kelsale 1257.

‘Nook of land of a man called Kell’.
ME pers. name + halh.

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Kelsey, North & Kelsey, South Lincs. Chelsi, Nortchelesei 1086 (DB), Sudkeleseia 1177.

Possibly ‘island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Col’.
OE pers. name (with Scand. k-) + g.

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Kelshall Herts. Keleshelle c.1050, Cheleselle 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Cylli’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Kelston B. & NE. Som. Calveston 1178.

OE tn ‘farmstead, estate’ with a doubtful first element, possibly an OE pers. name C(e)alf.

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Kelvedon Essex . Cynlauedyne 998, Chelleuedana 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Cynelf’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Kelvedon Hatch Essex . Kylewendune 1066, Keluenduna 1086 (DB), Kelwedon Hacche 1276.

‘Speckled hill’.
OE cylu (dative cylwan) + dn, with the later addition of hæcc ‘gate’.

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Kemberton Shrops. Chenbritone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Cnbeorht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Kemble Glos. Kemele 682, Chemele 1086 (DB).

Probably a Celtic place-name meaning ‘border, edge’.

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Kemerton Heref. & Worcs. Cyneburgingctun 840, Chenemertune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead associated with a woman called Cyneburg’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kempley Glos. Chenepelei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Cenep’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Kempsey Heref. & Worcs. Kemesei 799, Chemesege 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Cymi’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Kempsford Glos. Cynemæresforda 9th cent., Chenemeresforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Cynemr’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Kempston Beds. Kemestan 1060, Camestone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead at the bend’. A derivative of
Celtic camm ‘crooked’ + OE tn.

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Kempton Shrops. Chenpitune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the warrior or of a man called Cempa’.
OE cempa or OE pers. name + tn.

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Kemsing Kent . Cymesing 822.

‘Place of a man called Cymesa’.
OE pers. name + -ing.

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Kenardington Kent . Kynardingtune 11th cent.

‘Estate associated with a man called Cyneheard’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kenchester Heref. & Worcs. Chenecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman fort or town associated with a man called Cna’.
OE pers. name + ceaster.

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Kencot Oxon. Chenetone (sic) 1086 (DB), Chenicota c.1130.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Cna’.
OE pers. name + cot (in the first form tn ‘farmstead’).

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Kendal Cumbria . Cherchebi 1086 (DB), Kircabikendala c.1095, Kendale 1452.

‘Village with a church in the valley of the River Kent’. Originally
OScand. kirkju-bý with the addition of a district name (Celtic river-name of uncertain meaning + OScand. dalr) which now alone survives.

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Kenilworth Warwicks. Chinewrde (sic) 1086 (DB), Chenildeworda early 12th cent.

‘Enclosure of a woman called Cynehild’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Kenley,

‘woodland clearing of a man called Cna’,
OE pers. name + lah: Kenley Gtr. London . Kenele 1255. Kenley Shrops. Chenelie (sic) 1086 (DB).

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Kenn,

originally the name of the streams on which the places stand, a pre-English river-name of uncertain origin and meaning: Kenn Devon . Chent 1086 (DB). Kenn N. Som. Chen(t) 1086 (DB).

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Kennerleigh Devon . Kenewarlegh 1219.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Cyneweard’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Kennett Cambs. Chenet 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Kennett, a Celtic river-name of doubtful meaning.

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Kennett, East & Kennett, West Wilts. Cynetan 939, Chenete 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Kennet, a river-name identical in origin with that in the previous name.

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Kennford Devon . Keneford 1300.

‘Ford over the River Kenn’.
Pre-English river-name (of uncertain origin and meaning) + OE ford.

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Kenninghall Norfolk . Keninchala 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘nook of land of the family or followers of a man called Cna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + halh.

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Kennington Gtr. London . Chenintune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead associated with a man called Cna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kennington Kent . Chenetone 1086 (DB).

‘Royal manor’.
OE cyne- + tn.

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Kennington Oxon. Chenitun 821, 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead associated with a man called Cna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kennythorpe N. Yorks . Cheretorp (sic) 1086 (DB), Kinnerthorp c.1180.

Probably ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Cnhere’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Kensal Green Gtr. London . Kingisholte 1253, Kynsale Green 1550.

‘The king's wood’.
OE cyning + holt, with the later addition of grne ‘village green’.

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Kensington Gtr. London . Chenesitun 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Cynesige’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kensworth Beds. Ceagnesworthe 975, Canesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Cgn’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Kent (the county ). Cantium 51 BC.

An ancient Celtic name, often explained as ‘coastal district’ but possibly ‘land of the hosts or armies’.

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Kent (river) Lancs. ,

Cumbria, see KENDAL.

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Kentchurch Heref. & Worcs. Lan Cein c.1130, Keynchirche 1341.

‘Church of St Ceina’.
Female saint's name + OE cirice (with OWelsh lann in the early form).

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Kentford Suffolk . Cheneteforde 11th cent.

‘Ford over the River Kennett’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain origin and meaning) + OE ford.

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Kentisbeare Devon . Chentesbere (sic) 1086 (DB), Kentelesbere 1242.

‘Wood or grove of a man called Centel’.
OE pers. name + bearu.

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Kentisbury Devon . Chentesberie (sic) 1086 (DB), Kentelesberi 1260.

‘Stronghold of a man called Centel’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Kentish Town Gtr. London . Kentisston 1208.

Probably ‘estate held by a family called Kentish’.
ME surname (meaning ‘man from Kent’) + OE tn.

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Kentmere Cumbria . Kentemere 13th cent.

‘Pool by the River Kent’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE mere.

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Kenton Devon . Chentone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Kenn’.
Pre-English river-name (of uncertain origin and meaning) + OE tn.

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Kenton Gtr. London . Keninton 1232.

‘Estate associated with a man called Cna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kenton Suffolk . Chenetuna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘royal manor’.
OE cyne- + tn. Alternatively the first element may be the
OE pers. name Cna.

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Kenwick Shrops. Kenewic 1203.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Cna’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Kenwyn Cornwall . Keynwen 1259.

Probably ‘white ridge’.
OCornish keyn + gwynn.

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Kenyon Gtr. Manch. Kenien 1212.

Possibly a shortened form of an
OWelsh name Cruc Einion ‘mound of a man called Einion’.

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Kepwick N. Yorks . Chipuic 1086 (DB).

‘Hamlet with a market’.
OE cap (with Scand. k-) + wc.

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Keresley W. Mids. Keresleia c.1144.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a man called Cnhere’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Kerne Bridge Heref. & Worcs. Kernebrigges 1272.

Probably ‘bridge(s) by a mill’.
OE cweorn + brycg.

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Kersall Notts. Cherueshale 1086 (DB), Kyrneshale 1196.

Possibly ‘nook of land of a man called Cynehere’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Kersey Suffolk . Cæresige c.995, Careseia 1086 (DB).

‘Island (of higher ground) where cress grows’.
OE cærse + g.

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Kersoe Heref. & Worcs. Criddesho 780.

‘Hill-spur of a man called Criddi’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Kesgrave Suffolk . Gressegraua (sic) 1086 (DB), Kersigrave 1231.

‘Ditch where cress grows’.
OE cærse + græf.

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Kessingland Suffolk . Kessingalanda 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land of the family or followers of a man called Cyssi’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + land.

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Kesteven Lincs. Ceoftefne c.1000, Chetsteven 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wood meeting-place’.
Celtic cd + OScand. stefna.

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Keston Gtr. London . Cysse stan 973, Chestan 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called Cyssi’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Keswick,

‘farm where cheese is made’,
OE cse (with Scand. k-) + wc: Keswick Cumbria . Kesewic c.1240. Keswick Norfolk , near Bacton. Casewic c.1150. Keswick Norfolk, near Norwich . Chesewic 1086 (DB). Keswick, East W. Yorks. Chesuic 1086 (DB).

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Kettering Northants. Cytringan 956, Cateringe 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Cytra’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Ketteringham Norfolk . Keteringham c.1060, Keterincham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Cytra’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Kettlebaston Suffolk . Kitelbeornastuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Ketilbjrn’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Kettleburgh Suffolk . Ketelbiria 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Ketil, or hill by a deep valley’.
OScand. pers. name or OE cetel (with Scand. k-) + OE beorg or OScand. berg.

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Kettleby, Ab Leics. Chetelbi 1086 (DB), Abeketleby 1236.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ketil’.
OScand. pers. name + bý, with manorial affix from early possession by a man called Abba.

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Kettleshulme Ches. Ketelisholm 1285.

‘Island or water-meadow of a man called Ketil’.
OScand. pers. name + holmr.

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Kettlesing N. Yorks . Ketylsyng 1379.

‘Meadow of a man called Ketil’.
OScand. pers. name + eng.

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Kettlestone Norfolk . Ketlestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Ketil’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Kettlethorpe Lincs. Ketelstorp 1220.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Ketil’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Kettlewell N. Yorks . Cheteleuuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream in a deep valley’.
OE cetel (with Scand. k-) + wella.

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Ketton Rutland . Chetene 1086 (DB).

An old river-name, possibly a derivative of
Celtic cd ‘wood’ + OE a ‘river’.

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Kew Gtr. London . Cayho 1327.

‘Key-shaped spur of land, or spur of land near a quay’.
OE cg or ME key + OE hh.

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Kewstoke N. Som. Chiwestoch 1086 (DB).

OE stoc ‘secondary settlement’ with the addition of the Celtic saint's name Kew.

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Kexbrough S. Yorks. Cezeburg (sic) 1086 (DB), Kesceburg c.1170.

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Keptr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE burh.

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Kexby Lincs. Cheftesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Keptr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Kexby York. Kexebi 12th cent.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Keikr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Keyham Leics. Caiham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or village of a man called Cga’,
OE pers. name + hm. Alternatively the first element may be
OE cg ‘key’ (used of a place that could be locked) or cg ‘stone, boulder’.

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Keyhaven Hants. Kihavene c.1170.

‘Harbour where cows are shipped’.
OE c (genitive c) + hæfen.

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Keyingham E. R. Yorks. Caingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Cga’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Keymer W. Sussex . Chemere 1086 (DB).

‘Cow's pond’.
OE c (genitive c) + mere.

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Keynsham B. & NE. Som. Cægineshamme c.1000, Cainesham 1086 (DB).

‘Land in a river-bend belonging to a man called Cgin’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Keysoe Beds. Caissot 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘key-shaped spur of land’.
OE cg + hh. Alternatively the first element may be
OE cg ‘a stone, a boulder’.

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Keyston Cambs. Chetelestan 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called Ketil’.
OScand. pers. name + OE stn.

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Keyworth Notts. Caworde 1086 (DB).

OE worth ‘enclosure’ with an uncertain first element, probably a pers. name.

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Kibblesworth Tyne & Wear . Kibleswrthe 1185.

‘Enclosure of a man called Cybbel’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Kibworth Beauchamp & Kibworth Harcourt Leics. Chiburde 1086 (DB), Kybeworth Beauchamp 1315, Kibbeworth Harecourt 13th cent.

‘Enclosure of a man called Cybba’.
OE pers. name + worth. Affixes from early possession by the de Beauchamp and de Harewecurt families.

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Kidbrooke Gtr. London . Ketebroc 1202.

‘Brook where kites are seen’.
OE cta + brc.

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Kidderminster Heref. & Worcs. Chideminstre (sic) 1086 (DB), Kedeleministre 1154.

‘Monastery of a man called Cydela’.
OE pers. name + mynster.

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Kiddington Oxon. Chidintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Cydda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kidlington Oxon. Chedelintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Cydela’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kielder Northum. Keilder 1326.

Named from the river here,
a Celtic river-name meaning ‘rapid stream’.

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Kilburn Derbys. Kileburn 1179.

Possibly ‘stream of a man called Cylla’.
OE pers. name + burna.

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Kilburn Gtr. London . Cuneburna c.1130.

Possibly ‘cows' stream’.
OE c (genitive plural cna) + burna.

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Kilburn N. Yorks . Chileburne 1086 (DB).

Perhaps identical in origin with KILBURN (Derbys).

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Kilby Leics. Cilebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of the young men’.
OE cild (with Scand. k-) + OScand. bý.

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Kilcot Glos. Chilecot 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Cylla’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Kildale N. Yorks . Childale 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘narrow valley’.
OScand. kíll + dalr.

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Kildwick W. Yorks. Childeuuic 1086 (DB).

‘Dairy-farm of the young men or attendants’.
OE cild (with Scand. k-) + wc.

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Kilham,

‘(place at) the kilns’,
OE cyln in a dative plural form cylnum: Kilham E. R. Yorks. Chillun 1086 (DB). Kilham Northum. Killum 1177.

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Kilkhampton Cornwall . Chilchetone 1086 (DB).

Probably Cornish kylgh ‘a circle’ (perhaps referring to a lost archaeological feature) with the additon of
OE tn ‘farmstead’.

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Killamarsh Derbys. Chinewoldemaresc 1086 (DB).

‘Marsh of a man called Cynewald’.
OE pers. name + mersc.

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Killerby Durham . Culuerdebi 1091.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Ketilføthr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Killinghall N. Yorks . Chilingale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of the family or followers of a man called Cylla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + halh.

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Killingholme Lincs. Chelvingeholm 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Colwulf’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm (replaced by OScand. holmr ‘island, dry ground in marsh’).

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Killington Cumbria . Killintona 1175.

‘Estate associated with a man called Cylla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Killingworth Tyne & Wear. Killingwrth 1242.

‘Enclosure associated with a man called Cylla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + worth.

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Kilmersdon Somerset . Kunemersdon 951, Chenemeresdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Cynemr’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Kilmeston Hants. Cenelemestune 961, Chelmestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Cnhelm’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Kilmington,

‘estate associated with a man called Cynehelm’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Kilmington Devon . Chenemetone 1086 (DB). Kilmington Wilts. Cilemetone 1086 (DB).

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Kilnhurst S. Yorks. Kilnhirst 12th cent.

‘Wooded hill with a kiln’.
OE cyln + hyrst.

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Kilnsea E. R. Yorks. Chilnesse 1086 (DB).

‘Pool near the kiln’.
OE cyln + s.

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Kilnsey N. Yorks . Chileseie (sic) 1086 (DB), Kilnesey 1162.

Probably ‘marsh near the kiln’.
OE cyln + sge.

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Kilnwick E. R. Yorks. Chileuuit (sic) 1086 (DB), Killingwic late 12th cent.

‘Farm associated with a man called Cylla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + wc. Alternatively the first element may be
OE cyln ‘a kiln’.

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Kilnwick Percy E. R. Yorks. Chelingewic 1086 (DB).

‘Farm of the family or followers of a man called Cylla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + wc.

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Kilpeck Heref. & Worcs. Chipeete 1086 (DB).

Welsh cil ‘corner, nook’ with an obscure second element.

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Kilpin E. R. Yorks. Celpene 959, Chelpin 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure for calves’.
OE celf (with Scand. k-) + penn.

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Kilsby Northants. Kildesbig 1043, Chidesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the young nobleman, or of a man called Cild’.
OE cild or pers. name (with Scand. k-) + OScand. bý.

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Kilton Somerset . Cylfantun c.880, Chilvetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near the club-shaped hill’.
OE cylfe + tn.

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Kilve Somerset . Clive 1086 (DB), Kylve 1243.

‘Club-shaped hill’.
OE cylfe.

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Kilvington,

‘estate associated with a man called Cylfa or Cynelf’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Kilvington Notts. Chelvinctune 1086 (DB). Kilvington , North N. Yorks. Chelvintun 1086 (DB). Kilvington , South N. Yorks. Chelvinctune 1086 (DB).

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Kilworth, North & Kilworth, South Leics. Chivelesworde 1086 (DB), Kiuelingwurda 1191.

‘Enclosure associated with a man called Cyfel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + worth.

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Kimberley Norfolk . Chineburlai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Cyneburg’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Kimberley Notts. Chinemarleie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Cynemr’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Kimble, Great & Kimble, Little Bucks. Chenebelle 1086 (DB).

‘Royal bell-shaped hill’.
OE cyne- + belle.

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Kimblesworth Durham . Kymliswrth 13th cent.

‘Enclosure of a man called Cynehelm’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Kimbolton,

‘farmstead of a man called Cynebald’,
OE pers. name + tn: Kimbolton Cambs. Chenebaltone 1086 (DB). Kimbolton Heref. & Worcs. Kimbalton 13th cent.

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Kimcote Leics. Chenemundescote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Cynemund’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Kimmeridge Dorset. Cameric (sic) 1086 (DB), Kimerich 1212.

‘Convenient track or strip of land, or one belonging to a man called Cma’.
OE cme or OE pers. name + ric.

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Kimmerston Northum. Kynemereston 1244.

‘Farmstead of a man called Cynemr’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Kimpton,

‘farmstead associated with a man called Cma’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Kimpton Hants. Chementune 1086 (DB). Kimpton Herts. Kamintone 1086 (DB).

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Kineton Glos. Kinton 1191.

‘Royal manor’.
OE cyne- + tn.

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Kineton Warwicks. Cyngtun 969, Quintone 1086 (DB).

‘The king's manor’.
OE cyning + tn.

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Kingham Oxon. Caningeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Keingaham 11th cent.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Cga’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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King's

as affix, see main name, e.g. for King's Bromley (Staffs.) see BROMLEY.

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Kingsbridge Devon . Cinges bricge 962.

‘The king's bridge’.
OE cyning + brycg.

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Kingsbury,

‘the king's manor’,
OE cyning + burh (dative byrig): Kingsbury Gtr. London . Kynges Byrig 1044, Chingesberie 1086 (DB). Kingsbury Episcopi Somerset . Cyncgesbyrig 1065, Chingesberie 1086 (DB).
Latin affix episcopi ‘of the bishop’ from its early possession by the Bishop of Bath.
However the following has a different origin: Kingsbury Warwicks. Chinesberie 1086 (DB), Kinesburi 12th cent. ‘Stronghold of a man called Cyne’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Kingsclere Hants. Kyngeclera early 12th cent.

OE cyning ‘king’ (denoting a royal manor) added to the original name found also in HIGHCLERE.

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Kingsdon, Kingsdown

‘the king's hill’,
OE cyning + dn: Kingsdon Somerset . Kingesdon 1194. Kingsdown Kent, near Deal . Kyngesdoune 1318. Kingsdown , West Kent. Kingesdon 1199.

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Kingsey Bucks. Eya 1174, Kingesie 1197.

‘The king's island’.
OE cyning + g.

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Kingsford Heref. & Worcs. Cenungaford 964.

‘Ford of the family or followers of a man called Cna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + ford.

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Kingsgate

Kent, so called because it was at this gate (in the sense of ‘gap in the cliffs’) that Charles II landed in 1683.

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King's Heath W. Mids. Kyngesheth 1511.

Self-explanatory, ‘the king's heath’, with reference to the royal ownership of the manor of KING'S NORTON in which the heathland lay.

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Kingskerswell Devon . Carsewelle 1086 (DB), Kyngescharsewell 1270.

‘Spring or stream where water-cress grows’.
OE cærse + wella. The manor belonged to the king in 1086.

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Kingsland Heref. & Worcs. Lene 1086 (DB), Kingeslan 1213.

‘The king's estate in Leon’.
OE cyning with old Celtic name for the district (see LEOMINSTER).

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Kingsley,

‘the king's wood or clearing’,
OE cyning + lah: Kingsley Ches. Chingeslie 1086 (DB). Kingsley Hants. Kyngesly c.1210. Kingsley Staffs . Chingeslei 1086 (DB).

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King's Lynn Norfolk ,

see LYNN.

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Kingsnorth Kent . Kingesnade 1226.

‘Detached piece of land or woodland belonging to the king’.
OE cyning + snd.

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Kingstanding W. Mids. ,

from
ME standing ‘a hunter's station from which to shoot game’, although according to tradition the mound here was where Charles I reviewed his troops in 1642. The same name occurs in other counties.

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Kingsteignton Devon . Teintona 1086 (DB), Kingestentone 1274.

‘Farmstead on the River Teign’.
Celtic river-name (see TEIGNMOUTH) + OE tn, with affix from its possession by the king in 1086.

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Kingsthorpe Northants. Torp 1086 (DB), Kingestorp 1190.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet belonging to the king’.
OE cyning + OScand. thorp.

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Kingston,

a common name, usually ‘the king's manor or estate’,
OE cyning + tn; examples include: Kingston Hants. Kingeston 1194. Kingston Bagpuize Oxon. Cyngestun c.976. Chingestune 1086 (DB), Kingeston Bagepuz 1284. Manorial affix from the de Bagpuize family who held the manor from 1086. Kingston Blount Oxon. Chingestone 1086 (DB), Kyngestone Blont 1379. Manorial affix from the le Blund family, here in the 13th cent. Kingston Deverill Wilts. Devrel 1086 (DB), Deverel Kyngeston 1249. For the original river-name Deverill see BRIXTON DEVERILL. Kingston Lacy Dorset. Kingestune 1170, Kynggestone Lacy 1319. Manorial affix from the de Lacy family who held the manor in the 13th cent. Kingston Lisle Oxon. Kingeston 1220, Kyngeston Lisle 1322. Manorial affix from the del Isle family, here from the 13th cent. Kingston near Lewes E. Sussex. Kyngestona c.1100. See LEWES. Kingston St Mary Somerset . Kyngestona 12th cent. Affix from the dedication of the church. Kingston upon Hull K. upon Hull. Kyngeston 1256, alternatively called simply Hull from the River Hull from early times (Hul 1228), the river-name being either
OScand. (meaning ‘deep one’) or Celtic (meaning ‘muddy one’). Kingston upon Thames Gtr. London . Cyninges tun 838, Chingestune 1086 (DB). See THAMES.
However the following has a different origin: Kingston on Soar Notts. Chinestan 1086 (DB). ‘The royal stone’.
OE cyne- + stn. For the river-name, see BARROW UPON SOAR.

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Kingstone Heref. & Worcs., near Hereford. Chingestone 1086 (DB).

‘The king's manor or estate’.
OE cyning + tn.

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Kingstone Somerset . Chingestana 1086 (DB).

‘The king's boundary stone’.
OE cyning + stn.

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Kingswear Devon . Kingeswere 12th cent.

‘The king's weir’.
OE cyning + wer.

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Kingswinford W. Mids. Svinesford 1086 (DB), Kyngesswynford 1322.

‘Pig ford’.
OE swn + ford. Affix from its being a royal manor.

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Kingswood,

‘the king's wood’,
OE cyning + wudu: Kingswood Glos. Kingeswoda 1166. Kingswood S. Glos. Kingeswode 1231. Kingswood Surrey . Kingeswode c.1180.

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Kington,

‘royal manor or estate’,
OE cyne- (replaced by cyning) + tn: Kington Heref. & Worcs. , near Inkberrow. Cyngtun 972, Chintune 1086 (DB). Kington Heref. & Worcs. , near Lyonshall. Chingtune 1086 (DB). Kington Magna Dorset. Chintone 1086 (DB), Magna Kington 1243.
Affix is Latin magna ‘great’. Kington St Michael Wilts. Kingtone 934, Chintone 1086 (DB), Kyngton Michel 1279. Affix from the dedication of the church. Kington, West Wilts. Westkinton 1195.

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Kinlet Shrops. Chinlete 1086 (DB).

‘Royal share or lot’.
OE cyne- + hlt. The manor was held in 1066 by Queen Edith, widow of Edward the Confessor.

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Kinnerley, Kinnersley,

‘woodland clearing of a man called Cyneheard’,
OE pers. name + lah: Kinnerley Shrops. Chenardelei 1086 (DB). Kinnersley Heref. & Worcs. , near Malvern. Chinardeslege 1123. Kinnersley Heref. & Worcs. , near Weobley. Cyrdes leah c.1030, Curdeslege 1086 (DB).

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Kinnerton, Lower Ches. Kynarton 1240.

‘Farmstead of a man called Cyneheard’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Kinoulton Notts. Kinildetune c.1000, Chineltune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a woman called Cynehild’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Kinsley W. Yorks. Chineslai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Cyne’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Kinson Dorset. Chinestanestone 1086 (DB), Kinestaneston 1238.

‘Farmstead of a man called Cynestn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Kintbury Berks. Cynetanbyrig c.935, Cheneteberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place on the River Kennet’.
Celtic river-name (see KENNETT) + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Kinver Staffs . Cynibre 736, Chenevare 1086 (DB).

Celtic brez ‘hill’ with an obscure first element.

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Kippax W. Yorks. Chipesch 1086 (DB).

‘Ash-tree of a man called Cippa or Cyppa’.
OE pers. name (with Scand. K-) + OE æsc (replaced by OScand. askr).

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Kirby,

a common name in the Midlands and North, usually ‘village with a church’,
OScand. kirkju-bý; examples include: Kirby Bedon Norfolk . Kerkebei 1086 (DB), Kirkeby Bydon 1291. Manorial affix from the de Bidun family, here in the 12th cent. Kirby Bellars Leics. Chirchebi 1086 (DB), Kirkeby Belers 1428. Manorial affix from the Beler family, here from the 12th cent. Kirby Grindalythe N. Yorks . Chirchebi 1086 (DB), Kirkby in Crendalith 1367. Affix is an old district name meaning ‘slope of the valley frequented by cranes’, from
OE cran + dæl + OScand. hlíth. Kirby le Soken Essex . Kyrkebi 1181, Kirkeby in the Sokne 1385. Affix is from
OE scn ‘district with special jurisdiction’. Kirby, West Mersey . Cherchebia 1081.
However the following have a different origin, ‘farmstead or village of a man called Kærir’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Kirby, Cold N. Yorks . Carebi 1086 (DB). The affix means ‘bleak, exposed’. Kirby Muxloe Leics. Carbi 1086 (DB). The affix (found from the 17th cent.) is manorial, from lands here held by a family of that name.

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Kirdford W. Sussex . Kinredeford 1228.

‘Ford of a woman called Cynethrth or a man called Cynerd’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Kirk

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Kirk Bramwith (S. Yorks. ) see BRAMWITH.

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Kirkandrews upon Eden Cumbria . Kirkandres c.1200.

‘Church of St Andrew’.
OScand. kirkja, named from the dedication of the church. Eden is a Celtic river-name.

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Kirkbampton Cumbria . Banton c.1185, Kyrkebampton 1292.

‘Farmstead made of beams or by a tree’.
OE bam + tn. Later affix is OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Kirkbride Cumbria . Chirchebrid 1163.

‘Church of St Bride or Brigid’.
OScand. kirkja + Irish saint's name.

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Kirkburn E. R. Yorks. Westburne 1086 (DB), Kirkebrun 1272.

‘(Place on) the spring or stream’.
OE burna with OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Kirkburton W. Yorks. Bertone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near or belonging to a fortification’.
OE byrh-tn, with affix
OScand. kirkja ‘church’ from the 16th cent.

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Kirkby,

a common name in the Midlands and North, ‘village with a church’,
OScand. kirkju-bý; examples include: Kirkby Mersey . Cherchebi 1086 (DB). Kirkby in Ashfield Notts. Chirchebi 1086 (DB), Kirkeby in Esfeld 1216. The affix is an old district name, see ASHFIELD. Kirkby Lonsdale Cumbria . Cherchebi 1086 (DB), Kircabi Lauenesdale 1090–7. The affix means ‘in the valley of the River Lune’,
Celtic river-name (see LANCASTER) + OScand. dalr. Kirkby Malzeard N. Yorks . Chirchebi 1086 (DB), Kirkebi Malesard c.1105. The affix means ‘poor clearing’, from
OFrench mal + assart. Kirkby Overblow N. Yorks . Cherchebi 1086 (DB), Kirkeby Oreblowere 1211. The affix is from
OE or-blwere ‘ore-blower’ alluding to the early smelting of iron ore here. Kirkby, South W. Yorks. Cherchebi 1086 (DB), Sudkirkebi c.1124. Affix ‘south’ to distinguish this place from another Kirkby (now lost) in Pontefract. Kirkby Stephen Cumbria . Cherkaby Stephan c.1094. Affix from the dedication of the church or from the name of an early owner. Kirkby Thore Cumbria . Kirkebythore 1179. Manorial affix probably from the name (
OScand. Thórir) of some early owner.

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Kirkbymoorside N. Yorks . Chirchebi 1086 (DB), Kirkeby Moresheved c.1170.

Identical in origin with the previous names, with affix meaning ‘head or top of the moor’,
OE mr + hafod.

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Kirkcambeck Cumbria . Camboc c.1177, Kirkecamboc c.1280.

‘Place on Cam Beck with a church’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘crooked stream’) with the addition of OScand. kirkja.

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Kirkham,

‘homestead or village with a church’,
OE cirice (replaced by OScand. kirkja) + OE hm: Kirkham Lancs. Chicheham (sic) 1086 (DB), Kyrkham 1094. Kirkham N. Yorks . Cherchan 1086 (DB).

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Kirkharle Northum. Herle 1177, Kyrkeherl 1242.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a man called Herela’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Kirkheaton,

‘high farmstead’,
OE hah + tn with the later addition of OScand. kirkja ‘church’: Kirkheaton Northum. Heton 1242. Kirkheaton W. Yorks. Heptone (sic) 1086 (DB), Kirkheton 13th cent.

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Kirkland,

‘estate belonging to a church’,
OScand. kirkja + land: Kirkland Cumbria , near Blencarn. Kyrkeland c.1140. Kirkland Cumbria , near Lamplugh. Kirkland 1586.

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Kirkleatham Red. & Cleve. Westlidum 1086 (DB), Kyrkelidun 1181.

‘(Place at) the slopes’.
OE hlith or OScand. hlíth in a dative plural form. Affix is
OE west replaced by OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Kirklevington Stock. on T. Levetona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Leven’.
Celtic river-name (possibly meaning ‘smooth’) + OE tn, with later addition of OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Kirkley Suffolk . Kirkelea 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing near or belonging to a church’.
OScand. kirkja + OE lah.

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Kirklington,

‘estate associated with a man called Cyrtla’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Kirklington N. Yorks . Cherdinton (sic) 1086 (DB), Chirtlintuna c.1150. Kirklington Notts. Cyrlingtune 958, Cherlinton 1086 (DB).

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Kirklinton Cumbria . Leuenton c.1170, Kirkeleuinton 1278.

‘Farmstead by the River Lyne’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘the smooth one’) + OE tn, with later affix from OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Kirknewton Northum. Niwetona 12th cent.

‘New farmstead’.
OE nwe + tn, with later affix from OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Kirkoswald Cumbria . Karcoswald 1167.

‘Church of St Oswald’. From the dedication of the church (
OScand. kirkja) to this saint, a 7th cent. king of Northumbria.

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Kirksanton Cumbria . Santacherche 1086 (DB), Kirkesantan c.1150.

‘Church of St Sanctán’.
OScand. kirkja with Irish saint's name.

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Kirmington N. Lincs. Chernitone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Cynehere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kirmond le Mire Lincs. Chevremont 1086 (DB).

‘Goat hill’.
OFrench chèvre + mont. Affix means ‘in the marshy ground’, from
OScand. mýrr.

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Kirstead Green Norfolk . Kerkestede c.1095.

‘Site of a church’.
OE cirice (replaced by OScand. kirkja) + OE stede.

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Kirtling Cambs. Chertelinge 1086 (DB).

‘Place associated with a man called Cyrtla’.
OE pers. name + -ing.

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Kirtlington Oxon. Kyrtlingtune c.1000, Certelintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Cyrtla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Kirton,

‘village with a church’,
OScand. kirkja (probably replacing OE cirice) + OE tn: Kirton Lincs. Chirchetune 1086 (DB). Kirton Notts. Circeton 1086 (DB). Kirton Suffolk . Kirketuna 1086 (DB). Kirton in Lindsey N. Lincs. Chirchetone 1086 (DB). See LINDSEY.

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Kislingbury Northants. Ceselingeberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of the dwellers on the gravel, or of the family or followers of a man called Cysel’.
OE cisel or pers. name + -inga- + burh (dative byrig).

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Kiveton Park S. Yorks. Ciuetone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead by a tub-shaped feature’.
OE cf + tn.

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Knaith Lincs. Cheneide 1086 (DB).

‘Landing-place by a river-bend’.
OE cno + hth.

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Knaphill Surrey . La Cnappe 1225, Knephull 1440.

‘The hill’.
OE cnæpp, with later explanatory hyll.

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Knapton,

‘the servant's farmstead’, or ‘farmstead of a man called Cnapa’,
OE cnapa or pers. name + tn: Knapton Norfolk . Kanapatone 1086 (DB). Knapton York. Cnapetone 1086 (DB). Knapton, East & Knapton, West N. Yorks . Cnapetone 1086 (DB).

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Knapwell Cambs. Cnapwelle c.1045, Chenepewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of the servant, or of a man called Cnapa’.
OE cnapa or pers. name + wella.

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Knaresborough N. Yorks . Chenaresburg 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Cnheard’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Knarsdale Northum. Knaresdal 1254.

‘Valley of the rugged rock’.
OE cnearr + OScand. dalr.

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Knayton N. Yorks . Cheniueton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a woman called Cngifu’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Knebworth Herts. Chenepeworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Cnebba’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Kneesall Notts. Cheneshale (sic) 1086 (DB), Cneshala 1175.

Possibly ‘nook of land of a man called Cynehah’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Kneesworth Cambs. Cnesworth c.1218.

Possibly ‘enclosure of a man called Cynehah’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Kneeton Notts. Cheniueton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a woman called Cngifu’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Knightcote Warwicks. Knittecote 1242.

‘Cottage(s) of the young retainers’.
OE cniht + cot.

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Knighton,

a fairly common name, ‘farmstead or village of the young thanes or retainers’,
OE cniht + tn; examples include: Knighton Leics. Cnihtetone 1086 (DB). Knighton Staffs. , near Eccleshall. Chnitestone 1086 (DB). Knighton, West Dorset. Chenistetone 1086 (DB).

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Knightsbridge Gtr. London . Cnihtebricge c.1050.

‘Bridge of the young men’, i.e. where they congregate.
OE cniht + brycg.

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Knill Heref. & Worcs. Chenille 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the hillock’.
OE cnylle.

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Knipton Leics. Gniptone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a steep rock or peak’.
OScand. gnípa + OE tn.

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Knitsley Durham . Knyhtheley 1303.

‘Woodland clearing of the retainers’.
OE cniht + lah.

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Kniveton Derbys. Cheniuetun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a woman called Cngifu’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Knock Cumbria . Chonoc 12th cent.

OIrish cnocc ‘a hillock’.

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Knockholt Kent . Ocholt 1197, Nocholt 1353.

‘(Place at) the oak wood’.
OE c + holt, with initial N- from the OE definite article.

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Knockin Shrops. Cnochin 1165.

Celtic cnöccïn ‘a little hillock’.

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Knodishall Suffolk . Cnotesheala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Cnott’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Knook Wilts. Cunuche 1086 (DB).

Probably
OWelsh cnucc ‘a hillock’.

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Knossington Leics. Nossitone (sic) 1086 (DB), Cnossintona 12th cent.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Cnossa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Knott End on Sea Lancs. Cnote 13th cent.

ME knot ‘a hillock’.

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Knotting Beds. Chenotinga 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Cnotta’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Knottingley W. Yorks. Notingeleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Cnotta’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Knotty Ash Mersey. , recorded as simply Ash c.1700,

‘the ash-tree’, later with the adjective knotty ‘gnarled’.

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Knowle,

‘(place at) the hill-top or hillock’,
OE cnoll; examples include: Knowle Brist. Canole 1086 (DB). Knowle W. Mids. La Cnolle 1221. Knowle, Church Dorset. C(he)nolle 1086 (DB), Churchecnolle 1346. Later addition is OE cirice ‘church’.

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Knowlton Kent . Chenoltone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a hillock’.
OE cnoll + tn.

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Knowsley Mersey . Chenulueslei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Cnwulf or Cynewulf’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Knowstone Devon . Chenutdestana 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary stone of a man called Knútr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE stn.

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Knoyle, East & Knoyle, West Wilts. Cnugel 948, Chenvel 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the knuckle-shaped hill’.
OE cnugel.

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Knutsford Ches. Cunetesford 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford of a man called Knútr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE ford.

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Kyloe Northum. Culeia 1195.

‘Clearing or pasture for cows’.
OE c + lah.

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Kyme, North & Kyme, South Lincs. Chime 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the hollow’.
OE cymbe.

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Kyre Magna Heref. & Worcs. Cuer 1086 (DB).

Named from the stream here, a pre-English river-name of uncertain origin and meaning.

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L

Laceby NE. Lincs. Levesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Leifr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Lach Dennis Ches. Lece 1086 (DB), Lache Deneys 1260.

‘The boggy stream’.
OE lece, with manorial affix from ME danais ‘Danish’ referring to a man called Colben who held the manor in 1086.

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Lackford Suffolk . Lecforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where leeks grow’.
OE lac + ford. The river-name Lark is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Lacock Wilts. Lacok 854, Lacoc 1086 (DB).

‘The small stream’,
OE lacuc.

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Ladbroke Warwicks. Hlodbroc 998, Lodbroc 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘brook used for divination’.
OE hlod + brc.

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Ladock Cornwall . ‘Church of Sancta Ladoca’ 1268.

From the patron saint of the church.

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Laindon Essex . Ligeandune c.1000, Leienduna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill by a stream called Lea’.
Lost Celtic river-name (possibly meaning ‘light river’) + OE dn.

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Lake Wilts. Lake 1289.

OE lacu ‘small stream’.

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Lakenham, Old & Lakenham, New Norfolk . Lakemham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village of a man called Lca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Lakenheath Suffolk . Lacingahith 945, Lakingahethe 1086 (DB).

‘Landing-place of the people living by streams’.
OE lacu + -inga- + hth.

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Laleham Surrey . Læleham 1042–66, Leleham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where twigs or brushwood are found’.
OE ll + hm or hamm.

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Lamarsh Essex . Lamers 1086 (DB).

‘Loam marsh’.
OE lm + mersc.

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Lamas Norfolk . Lamers 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Lamberhurst Kent . Lamburherste c.1100.

‘Wooded hill where lambs graze’.
OE lamb (genitive plural lambra) + hyrst.

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Lambeth Gtr. London . Lamhytha 1088.

‘Landing-place for lambs’.
OE lamb + hth.

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Lambley,

‘clearing or pasture for lambs’,
OE lamb + lah: Lambley Northum. Lambeleya 1201. Lambley Notts. Lambeleia 1086 (DB).

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Lambourn, Lambourne,

probably ‘stream where lambs are washed’,
OE lamb + burna: Lambourn , Upper Lambourn Berks. Lambburnan c.880, Lamborne 1086 (DB), Uplamburn 1182. Distinguishing affix is
OE upp ‘higher upstream’. Lambourne Essex . Lamburna 1086 (DB).

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Lambrook, East Somerset . Landbroc 1065.

OE brc ‘brook’ with OE land ‘cultivated ground, estate’.

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Lamerton Devon . Lambretona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the lamb stream or loam stream’.
OE lamb or lm + burna + tn.

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Lamesley Tyne & Wear. Lamelay 1297.

‘Clearing or pasture for lambs’.
OE lamb + lah.

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Lamonby Cumbria . Lambeneby 1257.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Lambin’.
ME pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Lamorran Cornwall . Lannmoren 969.

‘Church-site of St Moren’. From
Cornish lann with the patron saint of the church.

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Lamplugh Cumbria . Lamplou c.1150.

‘Bare valley’.
Celtic nant + bluch.

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Lamport Northants. Langeport 1086 (DB).

‘Long village or market-place’.
OE lang + port.

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Lamyatt Somerset . Lambageate late 10th cent., Lamieta 1086 (DB).

‘Gate for lambs’.
OE lamb (genitive plural -a) + geat.

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Lancaster Lancs. Loncastre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman fort on the River Lune’.
Celtic river-name (probably meaning ‘healthy, pure’) + OE cæster. Lancashire (the county) is a reduced form of Lancastreshire 14th cent., from Lancaster +
OE scr ‘district’.

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Lanchester Durham . Langecestr 1196.

Apparently ‘long Roman fort or stronghold’.
OE lang + ceaster. The first element may however preserve a reduced form of its old Romano-British name Longovicium (probably ‘place of the ship-fighters’ from
Celtic longo-‘ship’).

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Lancing W. Sussex . Lancinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Wlanc’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Landbeach Cambs. Bece 1086 (DB), Landebeche 1218.

OE bece ‘stream, valley’ or bæc (locative bece) ‘low ridge’, with the later addition of land ‘dry land’ to distinguish it from WATERBEACH.

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Landcross Devon . Lanchers 1086 (DB).

Possibly
OE ears ‘buttock-shaped hill’ with
OE hlanc ‘long, narrow’. Alternatively
a Celtic name meaning ‘church by the fen’, from lann + cors.

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Landford Wilts. Langeford (sic) 1086 (DB), Laneford 1242.

‘Ford crossed by a lane’.
OE lanu + ford.

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Landkey Devon . Landechei 1166.

‘Church-site of St Ke’.
Cornish lann + saint's name.

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Landrake Cornwall . Landerhtun late 11th cent.

Cornish lannergh ‘a clearing’ (with
OE tn ‘farmstead’ in the early spelling).

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Land's End Cornwall . Londeseynde 1337.

‘End of the mainland’.
OE land + ende.

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Landulph Cornwall . Landelech 1086 (DB).

‘Church-site of Dilic’.
Cornish lann + saint's name.

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Landwade Cambs. Landuuade 11th cent.

Probably ‘estate or district ford’.
OE land + wæd.

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Laneast Cornwall . Lanast 1076.

Cornish lann ‘church-site’ with an obscure second element, probably a pers. name.

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Laneham, Church Laneham Notts. Lanun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the lanes’.
OE lanu in a dative plural form lanum.

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Lanercost Cumbria . Lanrecost 1169.

Celtic lannerch ‘glade, clearing’, perhaps with the pers. name Aust (from Latin Augustus).

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Langar Notts. Langare 1086 (DB).

‘Long gore or point of land’.
OE lang + gra.

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Langcliffe N. Yorks . Lanclif 1086 (DB).

‘Long cliff or bank’.
OE lang + clif.

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Langdale, Little Cumbria . Langedenelittle c.1160.

‘Long valley’.
OE lang + denu (replaced by OScand. dalr), with ltel ‘little’.

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Langdon,

‘long hill or down’,
OE lang + dn: Langdon, East & Langdon, West Kent . Langandune 861, Estlangedoun, Westlangedone 1291. Langdon Hills Essex . Langenduna 1086 (DB), Langdon Hilles 1485.

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Langenhoe Essex . Langhou 1086 (DB).

‘Long hill-spur’.
OE lang (dative -an) + hh.

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Langford,

usually ‘long ford’,
OE lang + ford; examples include: Langford Beds. Longaford 944–6, Langeford 1086 (DB). Langford Essex . Langheforda 1086 (DB). Langford Oxon. Langefort 1086 (DB). Langford Budville Somerset . Langeford 1212, Langeford Budevill 1305. Manorial affix from the de Buddevill family, here in the 13th cent.
However the following has a different origin: Langford Notts. Landeforde 1086 (DB). Possibly ‘ford of a man called
Landa’, OE pers. name + ford; alternatively the first element may be
OE land in a sense such as ‘boundary or district’.

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Langham,

usually ‘long homestead or enclosure’,
OE lang + hm or hamm: Langham Norfolk . Langham 1086 (DB). Langham Rutland . Langham 1202. Langham Suffolk . Langham 1086 (DB). However the following has a different origin: Langham Essex . Laingaham 1086 (DB). Possibly ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Lahha’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Langho Lancs. Langale 13th cent.

‘Long nook of land’.
OE lang + halh.

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Langley,

a fairly common name, ‘long wood or clearing’,
OE lang + lah; examples include: Langley Berks., near Slough . Langeley 1208, Langele Marais 1316. Manorial affix (later Marish) from the Mareis family, here in the 13th cent. Langley Derbys., near Heanor . Langeleie 1086 (DB). Langley Kent . Longanleag 814, Langvelei 1086 (DB). Langley, Abbots & Langley, Kings Herts. Langalege c.1060, Langelai 1086 (DB), Abbotes Langele 1263, Kyngeslangeley 1436. Distinguishing affixes refer to early possession by the Abbot of St Albans and the King. Langley Burrell Wilts. Langelegh 940, Langhelei 1086 (DB), Langele Burel 1309. Manorial affix from the Burel family, here from the 13th cent. Langley, Kington Wilts. Langhelei 1086 (DB). Affix Kington, first added in the 17th cent., is from KINGTON ST MICHAEL nearby. Langley, Kirk Derbys. Langelei 1086 (DB), Kyrkelongeleye 1269. Affix is
OScand. kirkja ‘church’. Langley Park Durham . Langeleye 1232.

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Langney E. Sussex. Langelie (sic) 1086 (DB), Langania 1121.

‘Long island, or long piece of dry ground in marsh’.
OE lang (dative -an) + g.

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Langold Notts. Langalde 1246.

‘Long shelter or place of refuge’.
OE lang + hald.

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Langport Somerset . Longport 10th cent., Lanport 1086 (DB).

‘Long market-place’.
OE lang + port.

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Langrick Lincs. Langrak 1243.

‘Long stretch of river’.
OE lang + racu.

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Langridge B. & NE. Som. Lancheris (sic) 1086 (DB), Langerig 1225.

‘Long ridge’.
OE lang + hrycg.

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Langrigg Cumbria . Langrug 1189.

‘Long ridge’.
OScand. langr + hryggr.

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Langrish Hants. Langerishe 1236.

‘Long rush-bed’.
OE lang + rysce.

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Langsett S. Yorks. Langeside 12th cent.

‘Long hill-slope’.
OE lang + sde.

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Langstone Hants. Langeston 1289.

‘Long (or tall) stone’.
OE lang + stn.

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Langthorne N. Yorks . Langetorp (sic) 1086 (DB), Langethorn c.1100.

‘Tall thorn-tree’.
OE lang + thorn.

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Langthorpe N. Yorks . Torp 1086 (DB), Langliuetorp 12th cent.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a woman called Langlíf’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Langthwaite N. Yorks . Langethwait 1167.

‘Long clearing’.
OScand. langr + thveit.

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Langtoft,

‘long homestead or curtilage’,
OScand. langr + toft: Langtoft E. R. Yorks. Langetou (sic) 1086 (DB), Langetoft c.1165. Langtoft Lincs. Langetof 1086 (DB).

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Langton,

a fairly common name, usually ‘long farmstead or estate’,
OE lang + tn; examples include: Langton, Church & Langton, East Leics. Lang(e)tone 1086 (DB), Chirch Langeton 1316, Estlangeton 1327. Langton, Great N. Yorks . Langeton 1086 (DB). Great Langeton 1223. Langton Herring Dorset. Langetone 1086 (DB), Langeton Heryng 1336. Manorial affix from the Harang family, here in the 13th cent. Langton Matravers Dorset. Langeton 1165, Langeton Mawtravers 1428. Manorial addition from the Mautravers family, here from the 13th cent. However the following have a different origin: Langton Durham . Langadun c.1050. ‘Long hill or down’.
OE lang + dn. Langton, Tur Leics. Terlintone 1086 (DB). Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Tyrhtel or Tyrli’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. The name was later remodelled under the influence of nearby CHURCH & EAST LANGTON.

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Langtree Devon . Langtrewa 1086 (DB).

‘Tall tree’.
OE lang + trow.

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Langwathby Cumbria . Langwadebi 1159.

‘Farmstead or village by the long ford’.
OScand. langr + vath + bý.

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Langwith,

‘long ford’,
OScand. langr + vath: Langwith, Nether Notts. Languath c.1179, Netherlangwat 1252. Affix is
OE neotherra ‘lower (down-stream)’ to distinguish it from the next name. Langwith, Upper Derbys. Langwath 1208.

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Langworth Lincs., near Wragby. Longwathe c.1055.

Identical in origin with the previous names.

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Lanivet Cornwall . Lannived 1268.

‘Church-site at the pagan sacred place’.
Cornish lann + neved.

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Lanlivery Cornwall . Lanliveri 12th cent.

‘Church-site of Livri’.
Cornish lann + pers. name.

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Lanreath Cornwall . Lanredoch 1086 (DB).

‘Church-site of Reydhogh’.
Cornish lann + pers. name.

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Lansallos Cornwall . Lansaluus 1086 (DB).

‘Church-site of Salwys’.
Cornish lann + pers. name.

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Lanteglos Cornwall, near Fowey . Lanteglos 1249.

‘Valley of the church’. Cornish nans + eglos.

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Lanton Northum. Langeton 1242.

‘Long farmstead or estate’.
OE lang + tn.

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Lapford Devon . Slapeforda (sic) 1086 (DB), Lapeford 1107.

Possibly ‘ford of a man called Hlappa’,
OE pers. name + ford. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE word (h)lape or (h)læpe ‘lapwing’.

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Lapley Staffs . Lappeley 1061, Lepelie 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘woodland clearing at the end of the estate or parish’.
OE læppa + lah.

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Lapworth Warwicks. Hlappawurthin 816, Lapeforde (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Hlappa’.
OE pers. name + worthign (replaced by worth).

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Larkfield Kent . Lavrochesfel 1086 (DB).

‘Open land frequented by larks’.
OE lwerce + feld.

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Larling Norfolk . Lurlinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Lyrel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Lartington Durham . Lyrtingtun c.1050, Lertinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Lyrti’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Lasham Hants. Esseham (sic) 1086 (DB), Lasham 1175.

‘Smaller homestead, or homestead of a man called Leassa’.
OE lssa or pers. name + hm.

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Lastingham N. Yorks . Lestingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Lsta’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Latchingdon Essex . Læcendune c.1050, Lacenduna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill by the well-watered ground’.
OE læcen + dn.

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Lathbury Bucks. Lateberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortification built with laths or beams’.
OE lætt + burh (dative byrig).

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Latimer Bucks. Yselhamstede 1220, Isenhampstede Latymer 1389.

For its original name, see CHENIES. The manorial addition (now used alone) is from the Latymer family, here in the 14th cent.

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Latteridge S. Glos. Laderugga 1176.

Possibly ‘ridge by a water course’.
OE ld + hrycg.

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Lattiford Somerset . Lodereforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford frequented by beggars’.
OE loddere + ford.

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Latton Wilts. Latone 1086 (DB).

‘Leek or garlic enclosure, herb garden’.
OE lac-tn.

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Laughterton Lincs. Leuggtricdun c.680, Lactertun 1227.

‘Hill or farmstead where lettuce grows’.
OE leahtric + dn or tn.

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Laughton,

usually ‘leek or garlic enclosure, herb garden’,
OE lac-tn: Laughton E. Sussex. Lestone 1086 (DB). Laughton Leics. Lachestone 1086 (DB). Laughton en le Morthen S. Yorks. Lastone 1086 (DB), Latton in Morthing 1230. Affix means ‘in the (district called) Morthen’, a name first recorded in the 12th cent. from
OE or OScand. mr ‘moorland’ + thing ‘assembly’. However the following has a different origin: Laughton Lincs., near Folkingham . Loctone 1086 (DB). ‘Enclosure that can be locked’.
OE loc + tn.

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Launcells Cornwall . Landseu (sic) 1086 (DB), Lanceles 1204.

Cornish lann ‘church-site’ with an uncertain second element.

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Launceston Cornwall . Lanscavetone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate near the church-site of St Stephen’.
Cornish lann + saint's name + OE tn.

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Launton Oxon. Langtune c.1050, Lantone 1086 (DB).

‘Long farmstead or estate’.
OE lang + tn.

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Lavant, East Lavant W. Sussex . Loventone 1086 (DB), Lavent 1227.

Originally ‘farmstead on the River Lavant’, with
OE tn, later taking name from the river alone,
a Celtic river-name meaning ‘gliding one’.

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Lavendon Bucks. Lavendene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Lfa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + denu.

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Lavenham Suffolk . Lauanham c.995, Lauenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Lfa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Laver, High, Laver, Little, & Laver, Magdalen Essex . Lagefare c.1010, Lagafara 1086 (DB), Laufar la Magdelene 1263.

‘Water passage or crossing’.
OE lagu + fær. Affix Magdalen from the dedication of the church.

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Laverstock Wilts. Lavvrecestoches 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet frequented by larks’.
OE lwerce + stoc.

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Laverstoke Hants. Lavrochestoche 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Laverton,

usually probably ‘farmstead frequented by larks’,
OE lwerce + tn: Laverton Glos. Lawertune c.1160. Laverton Somerset . Lavretone 1086 (DB). However the following has a different origin: Laverton N. Yorks . Lavretone 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead on the River Laver’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘babbling brook’) + OE tn.

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Lavington,

probably ‘estate associated with a man called Lfa’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Lavington, East & Lavington, West W. Sussex . Levitone 1086 (DB). Lavington, Market & Lavington, West Wilts. Laventone 1086 (DB). Distinguishing affixes market and west first found in the 17th cent.

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Lawford,

probably ‘ford of a man called Lealla’,
OE pers. name + ford: Lawford Essex . Lalleford 1045, Laleforda 1086 (DB). Lawford, Church & Lawford, Long Warwicks. Lelleford 1086 (DB), Chirche Lalleford, Long Lalleford 1235. Distinguishing affixes are
OE cirice ‘church’ and lang ‘long’.

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Lawhitton Cornwall . Landuuithan 10th cent., Languitetone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley or church-site of a man called Gwethen’,
Cornish nans or lann + pers. name, with the later addition of OE tn ‘farmstead’.

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Lawkland N. Yorks . Laukeland 12th cent.

‘Arable land where leeks are grown’.
OScand. laukr + land.

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Lawley Shrops. Lauelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Lfa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Lawshall Suffolk . Lawessela 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or shelter by a hill or mound’.
OE hlw + sele or sell.

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Lawton,

‘farmstead by a hill or mound’,
OE hlw + tn: Lawton Heref. & Worcs. Lavtune 1086 (DB). Lawton, Church Ches. Lautune 1086 (DB) Church Laughton 1331.

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Laxfield Suffolk . Laxefelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Leaxa’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Laxton,

‘estate associated with a man called Leaxa’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Laxton E. R. Yorks. Laxinton 1086 (DB). Laxton Notts. Laxintune 1086 (DB).
However the following may have a slightly different meaning: Laxton Northants. Lastone 1086 (DB). ‘Leaxa's estate’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Laycock W. Yorks. Lacoc 1086 (DB).

‘The small stream’.
OE lacuc.

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Layer Breton, Layer de la Haye & Layer Marney Essex . Legra 1086 (DB), Leyre Bretoun 1254, Legra de Haya 1236, Leyre Marini 1254.

Probably originally a river-name Leire of Celtic origin. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by families called Breton, de Haia and de Marinni.

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Layham Suffolk . Hligham c.995, Leiham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead with a shelter’.
OE hlg + ham.

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Laytham E. R. Yorks. Ladon 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the barns’.
OScand. hlatha in a dative plural form hlathum.

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Layton, East & Layton, West N. Yorks . Latton, Lastun 1086 (DB).

‘Leek enclosure, herb garden’.
OE lac-tn.

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Lazenby Red. & Cleve. Lesingebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the freedmen, or of a man called Leysingr’.
OScand. leysingi or pers. name + bý.

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Lazonby Cumbria . Leisingebi 1165.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Lea (river) Beds., Herts., Essex ,

see LEYTON.

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Lea,

‘(place at) the wood or woodland clearing’,
OE lah; examples include: Lea Derbys. Lede (sic) 1086 (DB), Lea c.1155. Lea Heref. & Worcs. Lecce (sic) 1086 (DB), La Lee 1219. Lea Lincs. Lea 1086 (DB). Lea Wilts. Lia 1190. Lea Town Lancs. Lea 1086 (DB).

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Leach (river) Glos. ,

see EASTLEACH.

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Leadenham Lincs. Ledeneham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village of a man called Loda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Leaden Roding Essex ,

see RODING.

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Leadgate Durham . Lidgate 1590.

OE hlid-geat ‘a swing-gate’.

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Leadon (river) Glos., Heref. & Worcs. ,

see HIGHLEADON.

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Leafield Oxon. La Felde 1213.

‘The open land’.
OE feld with the OFrench definite article.

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Leagrave Beds. Littegraue 1224.

‘Light-coloured, or lightly wooded, grove’.
OE loht + grf.

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Leake,

‘(place at) the brook’,
OScand. lœkr: Leake N. Yorks. Lec(h)e 1086 (DB). Leake, East & Leake, West Notts. Lec(c)he 1086 (DB). Leake , Old Lincs. Leche 1086 (DB).

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Lealholm N. Yorks . Lelun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place among) the twigs or brushwood’.
OE ll in a dative plural form llum.

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Leamington,

‘farmstead on the River Leam’,
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘elm river’, or ‘marshy river’) + OE tn: Leamington Hastings Warwicks. Lunnitone 1086 (DB), Lemyngton Hasting 1285. Manorial affix from the Hastinges family, here in the 13th cent. Royal Leamington Spa Warwicks. Lamintone 1086 (DB). The affix was granted by Queen Victoria in 1838, Spa referring to the medicinal springs here.

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Learmouth, East & Learmouth, West Northum. Leuremue 1177.

‘Mouth of the stream where rushes grow’.
OE lfer + mtha.

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Leasingham Lincs. Leuesingham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Lofsige’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Leatherhead Surrey . Leodridan c.880, Leret (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Grey ford’.
Celtic ld + rïd.

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Leathley N. Yorks . Ledelai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing on the slopes’.
OE hlith (genitive plural hleotha) + lah.

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Leaton Shrops. Letone 1086 (DB).

OE tn ‘farmstead’ with an uncertain first element.

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Leaveland Kent . Levelant 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land of a man called Lofa’.
OE pers. name + land.

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Leavening N. Yorks . Ledlinghe (sic) 1086 (DB), Leyingges 1242.

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Lofhah’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Lebberston N. Yorks . Ledbeztun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Lodbriht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Lechlade Glos. Lecelade 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘river-crossing near the River Leach’. River-name (from
OE læc(c), lece ‘boggy stream’) + geld.

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Leckford Hants. Leahtforda 947, Lechtford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford at or over a channel’.
OE leaht + ford.

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Leckhampstead,

‘homestead where leeks are grown’,
OE lac + hm-stede: Leckhampstead Berks. Lechamstede 956–9, Lecanestede 1086 (DB). Leckhampstead Bucks. Lechamstede 1086 (DB).

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Leckhampton Glos. Lechametone 1086 (DB).

‘Home farm where leeks are grown’.
OE lac + hm-tn.

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Leconfield E. R. Yorks. Lachinfeld 1086 (DB).

OE feld ‘open land’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a derivative of OE læc(c), lece ‘boggy stream’.

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Ledburn Bucks. Leteburn 1212.

‘Stream with a conduit, or by a cross-roads’.
OE (ge)lt(e) + burna.

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Ledbury Heref. & Worcs. Liedeberge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘fortified place on the River Leadon’.
Celtic river-name (see HIGHLEADON) + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Ledsham Ches. Levetesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Lofede’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Ledsham W. Yorks. Ledesham c.1030, 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead within the district of LEEDS’.
OE hm.

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Ledston W. Yorks. Ledestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead within the district of LEEDS’.
OE tn.

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Ledwell Oxon. Ledewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream called the loud one’.
OE hlde + wella.

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Lee,

‘(place at) the wood or woodland clearing’,
OE lah; examples include: Lee Gtr. London . Lee 1086 (DB). Lee Hants. Ly 1236. Lee Shrops. Lee 1327. Lee Brockhurst Shrops. Lege 1086 (DB), Leye under Brochurst 1285. Affix from a nearby place, ‘wooded hill frequented by badgers’,
OE brocc + hyrst. Lee on the Solent Hants. Lie 1212. See SOLENT.

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Leebotwood Shrops. Botewde 1086 (DB), Lega in Bottewode c.1170–6.

‘Wood of a man called Botta’,
OE pers. name + wudu, with the later addition of a place-name Lee from OE lah ‘clearing’.

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Leece Cumbria . Lies 1086 (DB).

Probably from
Celtic lïss ‘a hall, a court, the chief house in a district’.

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Leeds Kent . Esledes 1086 (DB), Hledes c.1100.

Possibly from a stream-name,
OE hlde ‘the loud one’.

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Leeds W. Yorks. Loidis 731, Ledes 1086 (DB).

A
Celtic name, originally Ldenses, meaning ‘people living by the strongly flowing river’.

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Leek Staffs . Lec 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the brook’.
OScand. lœkr.

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Leek Wootton Warwicks. ,

see WOOTTON.

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Leeming N. Yorks . Leming 12th cent.

Named from Leeming Beck, a river-name possibly of
OE origin and meaning ‘bright stream’.

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Lees Gtr. Manch. The Leese 1604.

‘The woods or woodland clearings’.
OE lah (plural las).

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Legbourne Lincs. Lecheburne 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘boggy stream’.
OE læc(c), lece + burna.

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Legsby Lincs. Lagesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Leggr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Leicester Leics. Ligera ceaster early 10th cent., Ledecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town of the people called Ligore’.
Tribal name (of uncertain origin and meaning) + OE ceaster. Leicestershire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Leigh,

a common name, ‘(place at) the wood or woodland clearing’,
OE lah; examples include: Leigh Gtr. Manch. Legh 1276. Leigh Heref. & Worcs. Beornothesleah 972, Lege 1086 (DB). ‘Belonging to a man called Beornnth’ in the 10th cent. spelling. Leigh Kent . Lega c.1100. Leigh Surrey . Leghe late 12th cent. Leigh, Abbots N. Som. Lege 1086 (DB). Affix from its early possession by the Abbot of St Augustine's Bristol. Leigh, Bessels Oxon. Leie 1086 (DB), Bessilles Lee 1538. Manorial affix from the Besyles family, here in the 15th cent. Leigh, North & Leigh, South Oxon. Lege 1086 (DB), Northleg 1225, Suthleye early 13th cent. Leigh-on-Sea Essex . Legra (sic) 1086 (DB), Legha 1226. Leigh Sinton Heref. & Worcs. , see SINTON. Leigh-upon-Mendip Somerset . Leage c.1000. See MENDIP HILLS.

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Leighs, Great & Leighs, Little Essex . Lega 1086 (DB), Leyes 1271.

OE lah ‘wood, woodland clearing’.

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Leighterton Glos. Lettrintone 12th cent.

‘Farmstead where lettuce grows’.
OE leahtric + tn.

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Leighton,

‘leek or garlic enclosure, herb garden’,
OE lac-tn: Leighton Shrops. Lestone 1086 (DB). Leighton Bromswold Cambs. Lectone 1086 (DB), Letton super Bruneswald 1254. Affix is from a nearby place, ‘high forest-land of a man called Brn’,
OE pers. name + weald. Leighton Buzzard Beds. Lestone 1086 (DB), Letton Busard 1254. Manorial affix is from a family called Busard, no doubt landowners here in the 13th cent.

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Leinthall Earls & Leinthall Starkes Heref. & Worcs. Lentehale 1086 (DB), Leintall Comites 1275, Leinthale Starkare 13th cent.

‘Nook of land by the River Lent’. Lost
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘torrent, stream’) + OE halh. Manorial affixes from early possession by an earl (
Latin comitis ‘of the earl’) and a man called Starker.

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Leintwardine Heref. & Worcs. Lenteurde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure on the River Lent’. Lost
Celtic river-name (see previous name) + worth (replaced by worthign).

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Leire Leics. Legre 1086 (DB).

Probably an ancient pre-English river-name for the small tributary of the River Soar on which the place stands.

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Leiston Suffolk . Leistuna 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead near a beacon-fire’.
OE lg + tn.

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Lelant Cornwall . Lananta c.1170.

‘Church-site of Anta’.
Cornish lann + female saint's name.

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Lelley E. R. Yorks. Lelle 1246.

‘Wood or clearing where twigs or brushwood are found’.
OE ll + lah.

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Lemington, Lower Glos. Limentone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead near a stream called Limen’.
Lost Celtic river-name (meaning ‘elm river’) + OE tn.

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Lench,

from
OE hlenc ‘an extensive hill-slope’, originally the name of a district and giving name to: Lench, Abbots Heref. & Worcs. Abeleng 1086 (DB). Manorial affix originally from possession by a man with the
OE pers. name Abba. Lench, Atch Heref. & Worcs. Achelenz 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from possession by a man with the
OE pers. name Æcci. Lench, Church Heref. & Worcs. Lench 9th cent., Chirichlench 1054. Affix is
OE cirice ‘church’. Lench, Rous Heref. & Worcs. Lenc 983, Biscopesleng 1086 (DB), Rous Lench 1445. Manorial affix from the Rous family, here in the 14th cent. (held by the Bishop of Worcester in 1086).

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Lenham Kent . Leanaham 858, Lerham (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Lana’.
OE pers. name + hm. The river-name Len is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Lenton Lincs. Lofintun c.1067, Lavintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Lofa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Lenwade Norfolk . Langewade 1199.

‘Ford crossed by a lane’.
OE lanu + gewæd.

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Leominster Heref. & Worcs. Leomynster 10th cent., Leominstre 1086 (DB).

‘Church in Leon’.
Old Celtic name for the district (meaning ‘at the streams’) + OE mynster.

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Leonard Stanley Glos. ,

see STANLEY.

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Leppington N. Yorks . Lepinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Leppa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Lepton W. Yorks. Leptone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on a hill-slope’.
OE hlp + tn.

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Lesbury Northum. Lechesbiri c.1190.

‘Fortified house of the leech or physician’.
OE lce + burh (dative byrig).

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Lesnewth Cornwall . Lisniwen (sic) 1086 (DB), Lisneweth 1201.

‘New court’.
Cornish lys + nowydh.

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Lessingham Norfolk . Losincham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Lofsige’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Letchworth Herts. Leceworde 1086.

Probably ‘enclosure that can be locked’.
OE lycce + worth.

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Letcombe Bassett & Letcombe Regis Oxon. Ledecumbe 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Loda’.
OE pers. name + cumb. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by the Bassett family and by the Crown.

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Letheringham Suffolk . Letheringaham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Lodhere’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Letheringsett Norfolk . Leringaseta 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘dwelling or fold of the family or followers of a man called Lodhere’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + (ge)set.

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Letton,

probably ‘leek enclosure, herb garden’,
OE lac-tn: Letton Heref. & Worcs., near Eardisley . Letune 1086 (DB). Letton Heref. & Worcs., near Walford . Lectune 1086 (DB).

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Letwell S. Yorks. Lettewelle c.1150.

Possibly ‘spring or stream with an obstructed flow’.
ME lette + OE wella.

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Leven (river), Stock. on T. ,

see KIRKLEVINGTON.

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Leven E. R. Yorks. Leuene 1086 (DB).

Probably originally the name of the stream here,
a lost Celtic river-name possibly meaning ‘smooth one’.

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Levens Cumbria . Lefuenes 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘promontory of a man called Lofa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + næss.

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Levenshulme Gtr. Manch. Lewyneshulm 1246.

‘Island of a man called Lofwine’.
OE pers. name + OScand. holmr.

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Lever, Darcy & Lever, Little Gtr. Manch. Parua Lefre 1212, Darcye Lever 1590.

‘Place where rushes grow’.
OE lfer. Distinguishing affixes are from possession by the D'Arcy family, here c.1500, and from
Latin parva ‘little’.

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Leverington Cambs. Leverington c.1130.

‘Estate associated with a man called Lofhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Leverton Lincs. Leuretune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead where rushes grow’.
OE lfer + tn.

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Leverton, North & Leverton, South Notts. Legretone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead on a stream called Legre’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE tn.

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Levington Suffolk . Leuentona 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Lofa’,
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + tn.

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Levisham N. Yorks . Leuecen (sic) 1086 (DB), Leuezham c.1230.

Probably ‘homestead or village of a man called Lofgat’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Lew Oxon. Hlæwe 984, Lewa 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the mound or tumulus’.
OE hlw.

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Lewannick Cornwall . Lanwenuc c.1125.

‘Church-site of Gwenek’.
Cornish lann + pers. name.

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Lewes E. Sussex. Læwas 961, Lewes 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘the burial mounds’, from
OE hlw in a plural form. Other early spellings like (to) Læwe in the early 10th cent. Burghal Hidage show alternation with a dative singular form.

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Lewisham Gtr. London . Levesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Lofsa’.
OE pers. name + hm. Also referred to earlier in the phrase Liofshema mearc 862 ‘boundary of the people of Lewisham’.

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Lewknor Oxon. Leofecanoran 990, Levecanole (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-slope of a man called Lofeca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + ra.

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Lewtrenchard Devon . Lewe 1086 (DB), Lyu Trencharde 1261.

Originally the name of the river here,
a Celtic river-name meaning ‘bright one’. Manorial affix from the Trenchard family, here in the 13th cent.

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Lexham, East & Lexham, West Norfolk . Lecesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of the leech or physician’.
OE lce + hm.

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Leybourne Kent . Lillanburna 10th cent., Leleburne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream of a man called Lylla’.
OE pers. name + burna.

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Leyburn N. Yorks . Leborne 1086 (DB).

OE burna ‘stream’, possibly with hlg ‘shelter’.

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Leyland Lancs. Lailand 1086 (DB).

‘Estate with untilled ground’.
OE lge + land.

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Leysdown on Sea Kent . Legesdun c.1100.

Probably ‘hill with a beacon-fire’.
OE lg + dn.

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Leyton Gtr. London . Lugetune c.1050, Leintune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Lea’.
Celtic river-name (possibly meaning ‘light river’) + OE tn.

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Lezant Cornwall . Lansant c.1125.

‘Church-site of Sant’.
Cornish lann + pers. name.

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Lichfield Staffs . Licitfelda c.710–20.

‘Open land near Letocetum’.
OE feld added to a Celtic place-name meaning ‘grey wood’.

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Liddington Wilts. Lidentune 940, Ledentone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the noisy stream’.
OE hlde + tn.

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Lidgate Suffolk . Litgata 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the swing-gate’.
OE hlid-geat.

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Lidlington Beds. Litincletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Ltel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Lifton Devon . Liwtune c.880, Listone (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Lew’.
Celtic river-name (see LEWTRENCHARD) + OE tn.

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Lighthorne Warwicks. Listecorne (sic) 1086 (DB), Litthethurne 1235.

‘Light-coloured thorn-tree’.
OE loht + thyrne.

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Lilbourne Northants. Lilleburne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream of a man called Lilla’.
OE pers. name + burna.

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Lilburn Northum. Lilleburn 1170.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Lilleshall Shrops. Linleshelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Lilleshull 1162.

‘Hill of a man called Lill’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Lilley Herts. Linleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where flax is grown’.
OE ln + lah.

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Lilling, East & Lilling, West N. Yorks . Lilinge 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Lilla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Lillingstone Dayrell & Lillingstone Lovell Bucks. Lillingestan 1086 (DB). Litlingestan Daireli 1166.

‘Boundary stone of the family or followers of a man called Ltel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + stn. Manorial affixes from early possession by the Dayrell and Lovell families.

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Lillington Dorset. Lilletone 1166, Lullinton 1200.

‘Estate associated with a man called Lylla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Lillington Warwicks. Lillintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Lilla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Lilstock Somerset . Lulestoch 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Lylla’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Lim (river) Devon, Dorset ,

see LYME REGIS.

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Limber, Great Lincs. Lindbeorhge c.1067, Lindberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where lime-trees grow’.
OE lind + beorg.

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Limbury Beds. Lygeanburg late 9th cent.

‘Stronghold on the River Lea’.
Celtic river-name (see LEYTON) + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Limehouse Gtr. London . Le Lymhostes 1367.

‘The lime oasts or kilns’.
OE lm + st.

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Limpenhoe Norfolk . Limpeho 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of a man called Limpa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hh.

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Limpley Stoke Wilts. ,

see STOKE.

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Limpsfield Surrey . Limenesfelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land at Limen’.
OE feld added to a Celtic place-name meaning ‘elm wood’.

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Linby Notts. Lidebi (sic) 1086 (DB), Lindebi 1163.

‘Farmstead or village where lime-trees grow’.
OScand. lind + bý.

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Linchmere W. Sussex . Wlenchemere 1186.

‘Pool of a man called Wlenca’.
OE pers. name + mere.

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Lincoln Lincs. Lindon c.150, Lindum colonia late 7th cent., Lincolia 1086 (DB).

‘Roman colony (for retired legionaries) by the pool’, referring to the broad pool in the River Witham.
Celtic lindo- + Latin colonia. Lincolnshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Lindal in Furness Cumbria . Lindale c.1220.

‘Valley where lime-trees grow’.
OScand. lind + dalr. For the old district name Furness, see BARROW IN FURNESS.

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Lindale Cumbria . Lindale 1246.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Lindfield W. Sussex . Lindefeldia c.765.

‘Open land where lime-trees grow’.
OE linden + feld.

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Lindisfarne Northum. Lindisfarnae c.700.

Possibly ‘island of the travellers from LINDSEY’, from
OE fara (genitive plural -ena) + g. Also called HOLY ISLAND.

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Lindrick (old district) Notts. ,

see CARLTON IN LINDRICK.

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Lindridge Heref. & Worcs. Lynderycge 11th cent.

‘Ridge where lime-trees grow’.
OE lind + hrycg.

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Lindsell Essex . Lindesela 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling among lime-trees’.
OE lind + sele.

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Lindsey Lincs. (prouincia) Lindissi c.704–14, Lindesi 1086 (DB).

Ancient district name, probably ‘island, or dry ground in marsh, of the tribe called the Linds’, from
OE g, g added to Linds ‘ the people of Lincoln or of the pool’, see LINCOLN.

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Lindsey Suffolk . Lealeseia c.1095.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Lelli’.
OE pers. name + g. Lindsey Tye contains dialect tye ‘a large common pasture’.

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Linford, Great Bucks. Linforde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford where maple-trees grow’.
OE hlyn + ford.

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Lingen Heref. & Worcs. Lingen 704–9, Lingham 1086 (DB).

Probably originally the name of the brook here, perhaps a Celtic name meaning ‘clear stream’.

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Lingfield Surrey . Leangafelda 9th cent.

Probably ‘open land of the dwellers in the wood or clearing’.
OE lah + -inga- + feld.

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Lingwood Norfolk . Lingewode 1199.

‘Wood on a bank or slope’.
OE hlinc + wudu.

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Linkenholt Hants. Linchehou (sic) 1086 (DB), Lynkeholte c.1145.

‘Wood by the banks or ledges’.
OE hlinc, hlincen + holt.

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Linkinhorne Cornwall . Lankinhorn c.1175.

‘Church-site of a man called Kenhoarn’.
Cornish lann + pers. name.

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Linley,

probably ‘lime-tree wood or clearing’,
OE lind + lah: Linley Shrops. near Bridgnorth . Linlega c.1135, Lindleg 1204. Linley Shrops. near Norbury . Linlega c.1150, Lindele 1209.

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Linshiels Northum. Lynsheles 1292.

Probably ‘shieling(s) where lime-trees grow’.
OE lind + scla.

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Linslade Beds. Hlincgelad 966, Lincelada 1086 (DB).

‘River-crossing near a bank’.
OE hlinc + geld.

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Linstead Magna & Linstead Parva Suffolk . Linestede 1086 (DB).

‘Place where flax is grown, or where maple-trees grow’.
OE ln or hlyn + stede. Affixes are
Latin magna ‘great’ and parva ‘little’.

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Linstock Cumbria . Linstoc 1212.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet where flax is grown’.
OE ln + stoc.

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Linthwaite W. Yorks. Lindthait late 12th cent.

‘Clearing where flax is grown, or where lime-trees grow’.
OScand. lín or lind + thveit.

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Linton,

usually ‘farmstead where flax is grown’,
OE ln + tn; examples include: Linton Cambs. Lintune 1008, Lintone 1086 (DB). Linton Derbys. Lintone 942, Linctune (sic) 1086 (DB). Linton Heref. & Worcs., near Ross . Lintune 1086 (DB). Linton N. Yorks . Lipton (sic) 1086 (DB), Linton 12th cent. Alternatively the first element may be
OE hlynn ‘rushing stream’. Linton W. Yorks. Lintone 1086 (DB). Linton-on-Ouse N. Yorks . Luctone (sic) 1086 (DB), Linton 1176. For the river-name, see OUSEBURN.
However the following has a quite different origin: Linton Kent . Lilintuna c.1100. ‘Estate associated with a man called Lill or Lilla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Linwood

‘lime-tree wood’,
OE lind + wudu: Linwood Hants. Lindwude 1200. Linwood Lincs., near Market Rasen. Lindude 1086 (DB).

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Liphook Hants. Leophok 1364.

Probably ‘angle of land by the deer-leap or steep slope’.
OE hlep + hc.

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Liscard Mersey . Lisnekarke c.1260.

‘Court at the rock’.
Celtic lïs + en ‘the’ + carreg.

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Liskeard Cornwall . Lys Cerruyt c.1010, Liscarret 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘court of a man called Kerwyd’.
Cornish lys + pers. name.

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Liss Hants. Lis 1086 (DB).

Celtic lïs ‘a court, chief house in a district’.

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Lissett E. R. Yorks. Lessete 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘dwelling near the pasture-land’.
OE ls + (ge)set.

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Lissington Lincs. Lessintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Lofsige’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Litcham Norfolk . Licham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or village with an enclosure’.
OE lycce + hm.

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Litchborough Northants. Liceberge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill with an enclosure’.
OE lycce + beorg.

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Litchfield Hants. Liveselle (sic) 1086 (DB), Lieueselva 1168.

Possibly ‘shelf of land with a shelter’.
OE hlf + scelf or scylf.

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Litherland Mersey . Liderlant 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land on a slope’.
OScand. hlíth (genitive -ar) + land.

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Litlington Cambs. Litlingeton 1183, Lidlingtone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Ltel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Litlington E. Sussex. Litlinton 1191.

‘Little farmstead’ from
OE ltel (dative -an) + tn, or ‘farmstead associated with a man called Ltel(a)’ from OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Little

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Little Abington (Cambs. ) see ABINGTON.

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Littleborough,

‘little fort or stronghold’,
OE ltel + burh: Littleborough Gtr. Manch. Littlebrough 1577. Littleborough Notts. Litelburg 1086 (DB).

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Littlebourne Kent . Littelburne 696, Liteburne 1086 (DB).

‘Little estate on the river called Burna’ (from
OE burna ‘stream’ referring to the Little Stour), with OE ltel.

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Littlebredy Dorset ,

see BREDY.

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Littlebury Essex . Lytlanbyrig c.1000, Litelbyria 1086 (DB).

‘Little fort or stronghold’.
OE ltel + burh (dative byrig).

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Littledean Glos. Dene 1086 (DB), Parva Dene 1220.

OE denu ‘valley’, with later affix little (
Latin parva) to distinguish this place from MITCHELDEAN.

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Littleham Devon, near Exmouth . Lytlanhamme 1042, Liteham 1086 (DB).

‘Little enclosure or river-meadow’.
OE ltel + hamm.

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Littlehampton W. Sussex . Hantone 1086 (DB). Lyttelhampton 1482.

OE hm-tn ‘home farm, homestead’ with the later addition of little perhaps to distinguish it from SOUTHAMPTON.

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Littlehempston Devon . Hamistone 1086 (DB), Parua Hæmeston 1176.

‘Farmstead of a man called Hme or Hemme’.
OE pers. name + tn. Affix little (
Latin parva) to distinguish this place from BROADHEMPSTON.

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Littlehoughton Northum. Houcton Parva 1242.

‘Farmstead on or near a ridge or hill-spur’.
OE hh + tn. Affix little (
Latin parva) to distinguish this place from LONGHOUGHTON.

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Littlemore Oxon. Luthlemoria c.1130.

‘Little marsh’.
OE ltel + mr.

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Littleover Derbys. Parva Ufre 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the ridge’.
OE ofer with the affix little (
Latin parva) to distinguish this place from MICKLEOVER.

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Littleport Cambs. Litelport 1086 (DB).

‘Little (market) town’.
OE ltel + port.

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Littlestone-on-Sea Kent ,

a 19th cent. name from a rocky headland called Little Stone 1801, formerly a coastal feature near here.

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Littleton,

‘little farmstead or estate’,
OE ltel + tn; examples include: Littleton Ches. Litelton 1435. Earlier Parva Cristentona c.1125, ‘the smaller part of CHRISTLETON’. Littleton Hants., near Winchester . Lithleton 1285. Littleton Somerset . Liteltone 1086 (DB). Littleton Surrey . Liteltone 1086 (DB). Littleton Drew Wilts . Liteltone 1086 (DB), Littleton Dru 1311. Manorial affix from the Driwe family, here in the 13th cent. Littleton, High B. & NE. Som. Liteltone 1086 (DB), Heghelitleton 1324. Affix is
OE hah ‘high’. Littleton, Middle , Littleton, North & Littleton, South Heref. & Worcs . Litletona 709, Liteltune 1086 (DB). Littleton Pannell Wilts . Liteltone 1086 (DB), Lutleton Paynel 1317. Manorial affix from the Paynel family, here in the 13th cent. Littleton upon Severn S. Glos. Lytletun 986, Liteltone 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see SEVERN.

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Littlewick Green Berks. Lidlegewik c.1060.

‘Farm by the woodland clearing with a gate or on a slope’.
OE hlid or hlid + lah + wc.

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Littleworth Oxon. Wyrthæ c.971, Ordia (sic) 1086 (DB), Lytleworth 1284.

OE worth ‘enclosure’, later with the affix ltel ‘little’ to distinguish this place from LONGWORTH.

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Litton Derbys. Litun 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead on a slope’.
OE hlith + tn.

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Litton N. Yorks . Litone 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Litton Somerset . Hlytton c.1060, Litune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead at a gate or by a slope’.
OE hlid or hlid + tn.

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Litton Cheney Dorset. Lideton 1204.

Probably ‘farmstead by a noisy stream’.
OE hlde + tn. Manorial affix from the Cheyne family, here in the 14th cent.

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Livermere, Great Suffolk . Leuuremer c.1050, Liuermera 1086 (DB).

‘Liver-shaped pool, or pool with thick or muddy water’.
OE lifer + mere.

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Liverpool Mersey . Liuerpul c.1190.

‘Pool or creek with thick or muddy water’.
OE lifer + pl.

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Liversedge W. Yorks. Livresec 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘edge or ridge of a man called Lofhere’.
OE pers. name + ecg.

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Liverton Red. & Cleve. Liuretun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Lofhere, or on a stream with thick or muddy water’.
OE pers. name or lifer + tn.

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Lizard Cornwall . Lisart 1086 (DB).

‘Court on a height’.
Cornish lys + ardh.

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Llandinabo Heref. & Worcs. Lann Hunapui c.1130.

‘Church-site of a man called Iunapui’. Welsh llan + pers. name.

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Llangarron Heref. & Worcs. Lann Garan c.1130.

‘Church-site on the River Garron’.
Welsh llan + Celtic river-name meaning ‘crane stream’.

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Llangrove Heref. & Worcs. Longe grove 1372.

‘Long grove or copse’.
OE lang + grf.

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Llanrothal Heref. & Worcs. Lann Ridol c.1130.

Welsh llan ‘church-site’, probably with a pers. name.

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Llanfair Waterdine Shrops. Watredene 1086 (DB), Thlanveyr 1284.

‘St Mary's church in the watery (or wet) valley’. Welsh llan + saint's name, with the addition from
OE wæter + denu.

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Llanwarne Heref. & Worcs. Ladgvern (sic) 1086 (DB), Lann Guern c.1130.

‘Church by the alder grove’. Welsh llan + gwern.

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Llanyblodwel Shrops. Llanblodwell 1535. ‘Church of Blodwell’.

Welsh llan with an older English name first recorded as Blodwelle c.1200, meaning ‘blood spring or stream’ from
OE bld + wella, with reference to the colour of the water or to some other quality or superstition.

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Llanymynech Shrops. Llanemeneych 1254.

‘Church-site of the monks’. Welsh llan + mynach.

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Load, Long Somerset . La Lade 1285.

‘The water-course or drainage channel’.
OE ld.

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Lockeridge Wilts. Locherige 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ridge with folds or enclosures’.
OE loc(a) + hrycg.

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Lockerley Hants. Locherlega 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a keeper or shepherd’.
OE lcere + lah.

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Locking N. Som. Lockin 1212.

‘Place associated with a man called Locc’,
OE pers. name + -ing, or from an OE locing ‘fold or enclosure’.

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Lockinge, East & Lockinge, West Oxon. Lacinge 868, Lachinges 1086 (DB), Estloking, Westloking 1327.

Originally the name of the stream here (now called Lockinge Brook) meaning ‘the playful one’, from
OE lc ‘play’, lcan ‘to play’ + -ing.

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Lockington E. R. Yorks. Locheton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Loca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE locing ‘fold, enclosure’.

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Lockton N. Yorks . Lochetun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Loca’,
OE pers. name + tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE loca ‘enclosure’.

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Loddington Leics. Ludintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Luda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Loddington Northants. Lodintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Lod(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Loddiswell Devon . Lodeswille 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Lod’,
OE pers. name + wella.

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Loddon (river) Berks. Hants.,

see SHERFIELD.

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Loddon Norfolk . Lodne 1043, Lotna 1086 (DB).

Originally
a Celtic river-name (possibly meaning ‘muddy stream’), an old name for the River Chet.

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Lode Cambs. Lada 12th cent.

OE ld ‘water-course or drainage channel’.

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Loders Dorset. Lodre(s) 1086 (DB).

Probably originally
a Celtic river-name (meaning ‘pool stream’), an old name for the River Asker.

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Lodsworth W. Sussex . Lodesorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Lod’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Lofthouse W. Yorks., near Leeds . Loftose 1086 (DB).

‘House(s) with a loft or upper floor’.
OScand. loft-hús in a dative plural form.

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Loftus Red & Cleve. Loctehusum 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Lolworth Cambs. Lollesworthe 1034, Lolesuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Loll or Lull’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Loman (river) Devon ,

see UPLOWMAN.

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Londesborough E. R. Yorks. Lodenesburg 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Lothinn’.
OScand. pers. name + OE burh.

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London Londinium c.115.

An ancient name often explained as ‘place belonging to a man called Londinos’, from
a Celtic pers. name with adjectival suffix, but now considered obscure in origin and meaning.

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London Colney Herts. ,

see COLNEY.

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Londonthorpe Lincs. Lundertorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet by a grove’.
OScand. lundr (genitive lundar) + thorp.

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Long

as affix, see under main name, e.g. for Long Ashton (N. Som. ) see ASHTON.

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Longbenton Tyne & Wear. Bentune c.1190, Magna Beneton 1256.

‘Farmstead where bent-grass grows, or where beans are grown’.
OE beonet or ban + tn, with later affix long.

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Longborough Glos. Langeberge 1086 (DB).

‘Long hill or barrow’.
OE lang + beorg.

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Longbridge W. Mids. ,

a self-explanatory name of recent origin.

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Longbridge Deverill Wilts. Devrel 1086 (DB), Deverill Langebrigge 1316.

‘Estate on the River Deverill with the long bridge’.
OE lang + brycg with Celtic river-name (for which see BRIXTON DEVERILL).

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Longburton Dorset. Burton 1244, Langebourton 1460.

‘Fortified farm’, or ‘farm near a fortification’.
OE burh-tn. Affix is
OE lang referring to the length of the village.

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Longcot Oxon. Cotes 1233, Longcote 1332.

‘The cottages’, from
OE cot, with the later addition of lang ‘long’.

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Longden Shrops. Langedune 1086 (DB).

‘Long hill or down’.
OE lang + dn.

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Longdendale Derbys., Gtr. Manch,

see MOTTRAM.

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Longdon,

‘long hill or down’,
OE lang + dn: Longdon Heref. & Worcs. Longandune 969, Longedun 1086 (DB). Longdon Staffs . Langandune 1002. Longdon upon Tern Shrops. Languedune 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see EATON UPON TERN.

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Longfield Kent . Langafelda 10th cent., Langafel 1086 (DB).

‘Long stretch of open country’.
OE lang + feld.

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Longford,

‘long ford’,
OE lang + ford: Longford Derbys. Langeford 1197. Longford Glos. Langeford 1107. Longford Shrops., near Market Drayton. Langeford 13th cent. Longford Shrops., near Newport . Langanford 1002, Langeford 1086 (DB).

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Longham Norfolk . Lawingham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Lwa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Longhirst Northum. Langherst 1200.

‘Long wooded hill’.
OE lang + hyrst.

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Longhope Glos. Hope 1086 (DB), Langehope 1248.

‘The valley’.
OE hop with the later addition of lang ‘long’.

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Longhorsley Northum. Horsleg 1196.

‘Woodland clearing where horses are kept’.
OE hors + lah, with the later affix long.

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Longhoughton Northum. Houcton Magna 1242.

‘Farmstead on or near a ridge or hill-spur’.
OE hh + tn. Affix long (earlier Latin magna ‘great’) to distinguish this place from LITTLEHOUGHTON.

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Longleat Wilts. Langelete 1235.

‘Long stream or channel’.
OE lang + (ge)lt.

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Longney Glos. Longanege 972, Langenei 1086 (DB).

‘Long island’.
OE lang (dative -an) + g.

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Longnor Shrops. Longenalra 1155.

‘Tall alder-tree’, or ‘long alder-copse’.
OE lang (dative -an) + alor.

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Longnor Staffs., near Buxton . Langenoure 1227.

‘Long ridge’.
OE lang (dative -an) + ofer.

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Longparish Hants. Langeparisshe 1389.

Self-explanatory. Earlier called Middleton, Middeltune 1086 (DB), ‘middle farmstead or estate’, from
OE middel + tn.

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Longridge Lancs. Langrig 1246.

‘Long ridge’.
OE lang + hrycg.

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Longsdon Staffs . Longesdon 1242.

Probably ‘hill called Lang (‘the long one’)’.
OE lang + dn.

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Longstock Hants. Stoce 982, Stoches 1086 (DB), Langestok 1233.

OE stoc ‘outlying farm or hamlet’, with the later addition of lang ‘long’.

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Longstone, Great & Longstone, Little Derbys. Langesdune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill called Lang (‘the long one’)’.
OE lang + dn.

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Longton, Longtown,

‘long farmstead or estate’,
OE lang + tn: Longton Lancs. Langetuna c.1155. Longton Staffs . Longeton 1212. Longtown Cumbria . Longeton 1267. Longtown Heref. & Worcs. Longa villa 1540, earlier Ewias 1086 (DB), Ewyas Lascy 13th cent. (manorial affix from Roger de Laci, owner in 1086, see EWYAS HAROLD).

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Longville in the Dale Shrops. Longefewd 1255.

‘Long stretch of open country’.
OE lang + feld, with later affix from dæl ‘valley’.

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Longwitton Northum. Wttun 1236, Langwotton 1340.

‘Farmstead in or by a wood’.
OE wudu + tn, with later affix lang ‘long’.

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Longworth Oxon. Wurthe 958, Langewrth 1284.

OE worth or wyrth ‘enclosure’, with the later addition of lang ‘long’.

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Looe, East & Looe, West Cornwall . Loo c.1220.

Cornish logh ‘pool, inlet’.

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Loose Kent . Hlose 11th cent.

‘(Place at) the pig-sty’.
OE hlse.

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Loosley Row Bucks. Losle 1241.

‘Woodland clearing with a pig-sty’.
OE hlse + lah.

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Lopen Somerset . Lopen(e) 1086 (DB).

Celtic penn ‘hill’ or
OE penn ‘fold, enclosure’ with an uncertain first element.

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Lopham, North & Lopham, South Norfolk . Lopham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Loppa’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Loppington Shrops. Lopitone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Loppa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Lorton, High & Lorton, Low Cumbria . Loretona c.1150.

Probably ‘farmstead on a stream called Hlóra’.
OScand. river-name (meaning ‘roaring one’) + OE tn.

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Loscoe Derbys. Loscowe 1277.

‘Wood with a lofthouse’.
OScand. loft + skógr.

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Lostock,

‘outlying farmstead with a pig-sty’,
OE hlse + stoc: Lostock Gtr. Manch., near Bolton . Lostok 1205. Lostock Gralam Ches. Lostoch c.1100, le Lostoke Graliam 1288. Manorial affix from a 12th cent. owner called Gralam.

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Lostwithiel Cornwall . Lostwetell 1194.

‘Tail-end of the woodland’. Cornish lost + gwydhyel.

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Loudwater Bucks. La Ludewatere 1241.

Originally a river-name, ‘the noisy stream’,
OE hld + wæter.

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Loughborough Leics. Lucteburne (sic) 1086 (DB), Lucteburga 12th cent.

‘Fortified house of a man called Luhhede’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Loughton Bucks. Lochintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Luhha’.
OE pers. name (+ -ing-) + tn.

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Loughton Essex . Lukintone 1062, Lochetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Luca’.
OE pers. name (+ -ing-) + tn.

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Loughton Shrops. Lochetona 1138.

‘Farmstead by a pool’.
OE luh + tn.

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Lound,

‘small wood or grove’,
OScand. lundr: Lound Lincs. Lund 1086 (DB). Lound Notts. Lund 1086 (DB). Lound Suffolk . Lunda 1086 (DB). Lound, East N. Lincs. Lund 1086 (DB), Estlound 1370. Addition is
OE ast ‘east’.

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Louth Lincs. Lude 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Lud,
OE Hlde ‘the loud one, the noisy stream’.

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Loversall S. Yorks. Loureshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of a man called Lofhere’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Lovington Somerset . Lovintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Lufa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Low

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Low Ackworth (W. Yorks. ) see ACKWORTH.

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Lowdham Notts. Ludham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Hlda’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Lower

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Lower Aisholt (Somerset) see AISHOLT.

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Lowesby Leics. Glowesbi (sic) 1086 (DB), Lousebia c.1125.

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Lauss or Lausi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Lowestoft Suffolk . Lothu Wistoft 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Hlothvér’.
OScand. pers. name + toft.

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Loweswater Cumbria . Lousewater c.1160.

Named from the lake, ‘leafy lake’, from
OScand. lauf + sr with the addition of
OE wæter ‘expanse of water’.

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Lowick Cumbria . Lofwik 1202.

Probably ‘leafy creek or river-bend’.
OScand. lauf + vík.

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Lowick Northants. Luhwic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Luhha or Luffa’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Lowich Northum. Lowich 1181.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm on the River Low’. River-name (probably from
OE luh ‘pool’) + OE wc.

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Lowther Cumbria . Lauder c.1175.

Named from the River Lowther, possibly an
OScand. river-name meaning ‘foamy river’,
OScand. lauthr + á, but perhaps Celtic in origin.

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Lowthorpe E. R. Yorks. Log(h)etorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Lági or Logi’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Lowton Gtr. Manch. Lauton 1202.

‘Farmstead by a mound or hill’.
OE hlw + tn.

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Loxbeare Devon . Lochesbere 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or grove of a man called Locc’.
OE pers. name + bearu.

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Loxhore Devon . Lochesore 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-slope of a man called Locc’.
OE pers. name + ra.

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Loxley Warwicks. Locheslei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Locc’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Loxton N. Som. Lochestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the stream called Lox Yeo’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE a + tn.

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Lubenham Leics. Lubanham, Lobenho 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur(s) of a man called Lubba’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hh (dative plural hum).

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Luccombe,

probably ‘valley of a man called Lufa’,
OE pers. name + cumb: Luccombe Somerset . Locumbe 1086 (DB). Luccombe Village I. of Wight. Lovecumbe 1086 (DB).

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Lucker Northum. Lucre 1170.

Probably ‘marsh with a pool’.
OE luh + OScand. kjarr.

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Luckington Wilts. Lochintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Luca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Lucton Heref. & Worcs. Lugton 1185.

‘Farmstead on the River Lugg’.
Celtic river-name (see LUGWARDINE) + OE tn.

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Ludborough Lincs. Ludeburg 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘fortified place belonging to or associated with Louth’, from
OE burh, see LOUTH. Alternatively ‘fortified place of a man called Luda’,
OE pers. name + burh.

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Luddenden W. Yorks. Luddingdene 1284.

‘Valley of the stream called Hlding (the loud one)’.
OE name for the stream now called Luddenden Brook + denu. Luddenden Foot is Luddingdeneforth 1307, Luddendenfoote 1601, ‘ford near Luddenden’, from
OE ford (changed to foot by folk etymology).

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Luddesdown Kent . Hludesduna 10th cent., Ledesdune 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Hld’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Luddington N. Lincs. Ludintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Luda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ludford Shrops. Ludeford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford on the noisy stream’ (referring to a crossing of the River Teme).
OE hlde + ford.

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Ludgershall,

‘nook with a trapping-spear’,
OE lte-gr + halh: Ludgershall Bucks. Lotegarser (sic) 1086 (DB), Lutegareshale 1164. Ludgershall Wilts. Lutegaresheale 1015, Litlegarsele (sic) 1086 (DB).

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Ludgvan Cornwall . Luduhan 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘place of ashes, burnt place’. Cornish lusow, ludw + suffix.

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Ludham Norfolk . Ludham 1021–4, 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Luda’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Ludlow Shrops. Ludelaue 1138.

‘Hill or tumulus by the noisy stream’ (referring to the River Teme).
OE hlde + hlw.

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Ludwell Wilts. Luddewell early 12th cent.

‘Loud spring or stream’.
OE hld + wella.

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Ludworth Durham . Ludeuurthe 12th cent.

‘Enclosure of a man called Luda’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Luffenham, North & Luffenham, South Rutland . Luf(f)enham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Luffa’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Luffincott Devon . Lughyngecot 1242.

‘Cottage(s) of the family or followers of a man called Luhha’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + cot.

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Lugwardine Heref. & Worcs. Lucvordine 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure on the River Lugg’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘bright stream’) + OE worthign.

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Lullingstone Kent . Lolingestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or estate of a man called Lulling’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Lullington,

‘estate associated with a man called Lulla’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Lullington Derbys. Lullitune 1086 (DB). Lullington Somerset . Loligtone 1086 (DB).

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Lulsley Heref. & Worcs. Lulleseia 12th cent.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Lull’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Lulworth, East & Lulworth, West Dorset. Lulvorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Lulla’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Lumb Lancs. Le Lome 1534.

‘The pool’.
OE lumm.

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Lumby N. Yorks . Lundby 963.

‘Farmstead in or near a grove’.
OScand. lundr + bý.

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Lumley, Great Durham . Lummalea c.1050.

‘Woodland clearing by the pools.’
OE lumm + lah.

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Lund,

‘small wood or grove’,
OScand. lundr: Lund E. R. Yorks. Lont 1086 (DB). Lund N. Yorks., near Barlby . Lund 1066–9, Lont 1086 (DB).

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Lundy Island Devon . Lundeia 1189.

‘Puffin island’.
OScand. lundi + ey.

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Lune (river) Lancs. , Cumbria,

see LANCASTER.

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Lunt Mersey . Lund 1251.

Identical in origin with LUND.

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Luppitt Devon . Lovapit 1086 (DB).

‘Pit or hollow of a man called Lufa’.
OE pers. name + pytt.

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Lupton Cumbria . Lupetun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead a man called Hluppa’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Lurgashall W. Sussex . Lutegareshale 12th cent.

‘Nook with a trapping-spear’.
OE lte-gr + halh.

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Lusby Lincs. Luzebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Lútr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Lustleigh Devon . Leuestelegh 1242.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Lofgiest’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Luston Heref. & Worcs. Lustone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘insignificant, or louse-infested, farmstead’.
OE ls + tn.

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Luton Beds. Lygetun 792, Loitone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Lea’.
Celtic river-name (see LEYTON) + OE tn.

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Luton Devon, near Ideford . Leueton 1238.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a woman called Lofgifu’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Luton Kent . Leueton 1240.

‘Farmstead of a man called Lofa’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Lutterworth Leics. Lutresurde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosure on a stream called Hltre (the clear or pure one)’.
OE river-name (perhaps an earlier name for the River Swift) + worth.

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Lutton Lincs. Luctone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a pool’.
OE luh + tn.

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Lutton Northants. Lundingtun (sic) c.970. Luditone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Luda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Lutton, East & Lutton, West N. Yorks . Ludton 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate of a man called Luda’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Luxborough Somerset . Lolochesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold, or hill, of a man called Lulluc’.
OE pers. name + burh or beorg.

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Luxulyan Cornwall . Luxulian 1282.

‘Chapel of Sulyen’.
Cornish log + pers. name.

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Lydbrook, Upper Glos. Luidebroc 1224.

‘Brook called Hlde or the loud one’.
OE river-name + brc.

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Lydbury North Shrops. Lideberie 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘manor house by the stream called Hlde (the noisy one)’.
OE river-name + burh (dative byrig). The affix north distinguishes it from LEDBURY which however has a quite different origin.

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Lydd Kent . Hlidum 774.

Possibly ‘(place at) the gates’.
OE hlid in a dative plural form.

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Lydden (river) Dorset ,

see LYDLINCH.

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Lydden Kent, near Dover . Hleodaena c.1100.

Probably ‘valley with a shelter, or sheltered valley’.
OE hlo + denu.

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Lyddington Rutland . Lidentone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or estate associated with a man called Hlda’, from
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Alternatively ‘farmstead on the noisy stream’,
OE hlde + tn as in LIDDINGTON Wilts.

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Lyde Heref. & Worcs. Lude 1086 (DB).

Named from the stream here.
OE Hlde ‘the loud one’.

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Lydeard St Lawrence & Bishop's Lydeard Somerset . Lidegeard 854, Lidiard, Lediart 1086 (DB).

Celtic garth ‘ridge’ with an uncertain first element, possibly ld ‘grey’. Distinguishing affixes from the dedication of the church and from early possession by the Bishop of Wells.

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Lydford Devon . Hlydanforda c.1000, Lideforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford over the River Lyd’.
OE river-name (from hlde ‘noisy stream’) + ford.

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Lydford Somerset . Lideford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford over the noisy stream’.
OE hlde + ford.

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Lydham Shrops. Lidum 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(place at) the gates or the slopes’.
OE hlid or hlid in a dative plural form.

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Lydiard Millicent & Lydiard Tregoze Wilts. Lidgeard 901, Lidiarde 1086 (DB), Lidiard Milisent 1275, Lidiard Tregoz 1196.

Identical in origin with LYDEARD. Manorial affixes from a woman called Millisent and from the Tresgoz family, here in the late 12th cent.

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Lydiate Lancs. Leiate (sic) 1086 (DB), Liddigate 1202.

‘(Place at) the swing-gate’.
OE hlid-geat.

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Lydlinch Dorset. Lidelinz 1182.

‘Ridge by, or bank of, the River Lydden’.
Celtic river-name (probably meaning ‘the broad one’) + OE hlinc.

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Lydney Glos. Lideneg c.853, Ledenei 1086 (DB).

‘Island or river-meadow of the sailor, or of a man called Lida’.
OE lida or pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Lye, Lower Heref. & Worcs. Lege 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the wood or woodland clearing’.
OE lah.

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Lyford Oxon. Linforda 944, Linford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where flax grows’.
OE ln + ford.

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Lyme (old district and forest) Lancs., Ches., Staffs. ,

see ASHTON-UNDER-LYNE, NEWCASTLE UNDER LYME.

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Lyme Regis Dorset. Lim 774, Lime 1086 (DB), Lyme Regis 1285.

Named from the River Lim,
a Celtic river-name meaning simply ‘stream’. Affix is
Latin regis ‘of the king’.

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Lyminge Kent . Liminge 689, Leminges 1086 (DB).

‘District around the River Limen’.
Celtic river-name (see LYMPNE) + OE g.

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Lymington Hants. Lentune (sic) 1086 (DB), Limington 1186.

Probably ‘farmstead on a river called Limen’.
Lost Celtic river-name (meaning ‘elm river’ or ‘marshy river’) + OE tn.

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Lyminster W. Sussex . Lullyngmynster c.880, Lolinminstre 1086 (DB).

‘Monastery or large church associated with a man called Lulla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + mynster.

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Lymm Ches. Lime 1086 (DB).

‘The noisy stream or torrent’.
OE hlimme.

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Lympne Kent . Lemanis 4th cent.

‘Elm-wood place’, or ‘marshy place’.
Celtic place-name related to the River Limen (the old name for the East Rother), a Celtic river-name meaning ‘elm-wood river’ or ‘marshy river’.

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Lympsham Somerset . Limpelesham 1189.

OE hm ‘homestead’ or hamm ‘enclosure’ with an uncertain first element, possibly an OE pers. name Limpel.

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Lympstone Devon Levestone (sic) 1086 (DB), Leveneston 1238.

‘Farmstead of a man called Lofwine’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Lyndhurst Hants. Linhest 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded hill growing with lime-trees’.
OE lind + hyrst.

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Lyndon Rutland . Lindon 1167.

‘Hill where flax is grown, or where lime-trees grow’.
OE ln or lind + dn.

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Lyne (river) Cumbria ,

see KIRKLINTON.

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Lyne Surrey, near Chertsey . La Linde 1208.

‘The lime-tree’.
OE lind.

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Lyneham,

‘homestead or enclosure where flax is grown’,
OE ln + hm or hamm: Lyneham Oxon. Lineham 1086 (DB). Lyneham Wilts. Linham 1224.

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Lynemouth Northum. Lynmuth 1342.

‘Mouth of the River Lyne’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘stream’) + OE mtha.

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Lyng Norfolk . Ling 1086 (DB).

Probably
OE hlinc ‘bank or ridge’.

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Lyng Somerset . Lengen early 10th cent., Lege (sic) 1086 (DB).

OE lengen ‘length’, that is ‘long place’, referring to a long narrow settlement.

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Lynmouth Devon . Lymmouth 1330.

‘Mouth of the River Lyn’.
OE river-name (from hlynn ‘torrent’) + mtha.

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Lynn, King's & Lynn, West Norfolk . Lena, Lun 1086 (DB).

‘The pool’.
Celtic lïnn. Affix King's dates from the 16th cent.

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Lynsted Kent . Lindestede 1212–20.

‘Place where lime-trees grow’.
OE lind + stede.

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Lynton Devon . Lintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Lyn’.
OE river-name (see LYNMOUTH) + tn.

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Lyonshall Heref. & Worcs. Lenehalle 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land in Leon’.
Celtic district name (meaning ‘at the streams’) + OE halh.

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Lytchett Matravers & Lytchett Minster Dorset. Lichet 1086 (DB), Lichet Mautrauers 1280, Licheminster 1244.

‘Grey wood’.
Celtic ld + cd. Distinguishing affixes from the Maltrauers family, here in 1086, and from
OE mynster ‘large church’.

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Lytham St Anne's Lancs. Lidun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the slopes or dunes’.
OE hlith in a dative plural form hlithum. Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Lythe N. Yorks . Lid 1086 (DB).

‘The slope’.
OScand. hlíth.

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M

Mabe Burnthouse Cornwall . Lavabe 1524, Mape 1549.

‘Church-site of Mab’. Cornish lann + pers. name. Addition Burnthouse, no doubt alluding to a fire here, is first found in early 19th cent.

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Mablethorpe Lincs. Malbertorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead of a man called Malbert’.
OGerman pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Macclesfield Ches. Maclesfeld 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open country of a man called Maccel’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Mackworth Derbys. Macheuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Macca’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Madehurst W. Sussex . Medliers 1188, Medhurst 1255.

Possibly ‘wooded hill near meadow-land’,
OE md + hyrst. Alternatively the first element may be
OE mæthel ‘assembly, meeting’.

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Madeley,

‘woodland clearing of a man called Mda’,
OE pers. name + lah: Madeley Shrops. Madelie 1086 (DB). Madeley Staffs., near Newcastle . Madanlieg 975, Madelie 1086 (DB).

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Madingley Cambs. Madingelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Mda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Madley Heref. & Worcs. Medelagie 1086 (DB), Madele, Maddeleia c.1200.

OE lah ‘woodland clearing’ with an uncertain first element, possibly an OE pers. name Mda as in MADELEY.

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Madresfield Heref. & Worcs. Madresfeld c.1086, Metheresfeld 1192.

‘Open land of the mower or of a man called Mthhere’.
OE mthere or pers. name + feld.

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Madron Cornwall . ‘(Church of) Sanctus Madernus’ 1203.

From the patron saint of the church.

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Maer Staffs . Mere 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the pool’.
OE mere.

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Maesbrook Shrops. Meresbroc 1086 (DB), Maysbrok 1272.

Possibly ‘brook of the boundary’,
OE mre (genitive -s) + brc, but the first element may rather be
Welsh maes ‘open field’.

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Maesbury Shrops. Meresberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fort or manor house near the boundary’.
OE mre (genitive -s) + burh (dative byrig).

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Magdalen Laver Essex ,

see LAVER.

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Maghull Mersey . Magele (sic) 1086 (DB), Maghal 1219.

Probably ‘nook of land where mayweed grows’.
OE mægthe + halh.

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Maiden

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Maiden Bradley (Wilts. ) see BRADLEY.

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Maidenhead Berks. Maidenhee 1202.

‘Landing-place of the maidens’.
OE mægden + hth.

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Maidenwell Lincs. Welle 1086 (DB), Maidenwell 1212.

Originally ‘(place at) the spring or stream’, from
OE wella, with the later addition of mægden ‘maiden’.

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Maidford Northants. Merdeford (sic) 1086 (DB), Maideneford 1166.

‘Ford of the maidens, i.e. where they gathered’.
OE mægden + ford.

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Maids Moreton Bucks. ,

see MORETON.

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Maidstone Kent . Mægthan stan late 10th cent., Meddestane 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stone of the maidens, i.e. where they gathered’.
OE mægth, mægden + stn.

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Maidwell Northants. Medewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of the maidens, i.e. where they gathered’.
OE mægden + wella.

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Maisemore Glos. Mayesmora 1138.

Probably ‘the great field’. Welsh maes + mawr.

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Makerfield (old district) Lancs. ,

see ASHTON-IN-MAKERFIELD.

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Malborough Devon . Malleberge 1249.

‘Hill or mound of a man called Mrla, or where gentian grows’.
OE pers. name or meargealla + beorg.

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Malden, New Malden Gtr. London . Meldone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill with a crucifix’.
OE ml + dn.

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Maldon Essex . Mældune early 10th cent., Malduna 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Malham N. Yorks . Malgun 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement) by the gravelly places’.
OScand. malgi in a dative plural form.

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Malling,

‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Mealla’,
OE pers. name + -ingas: Malling, East & West Kent. Meallingas 942–6, Mellingetes (sic) 1086 (DB). Malling, South E. Sussex. Mallingum 838, Mellinges 1086 (DB).

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Malmesbury Wilts. Maldumesburg 685, Malmesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Maeldub’.
OIrish pers. name + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Malpas Ches. Malpas c.1125.

‘The difficult passage’.
OFrench mal + pas. The same name occurs in other counties.

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Maltby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Malti, or where malt is made’,
OScand. pers. name or malt + bý: Maltby S. Yorks. Maltebi 1086 (DB). Maltby Stock. on T. Maltebi 1086 (DB). Maltby le Marsh Lincs. Maltebi 1086 (DB). Affix ‘in the marshland’ from
OE mersc.

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Malton N. Yorks . Maltune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead where an assembly was held’.
OE mæthel + tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. methal ‘middle’.

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Malvern, Great & Malvern, Little Heref. & Worcs. Mælfern c.1030, Malferna 1086 (DB).

‘Bare hill’.
Celtic moil + brïnn. Malvern Link , Link 1215, is from
OE hlinc ‘ledge, terrace’.

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Mamble Heref. & Worcs. Mamele 1086 (DB).

Probably a derivative of
Celtic mamm ‘breast-like hill’.

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Manaccan Cornwall . ‘(Church of) Sancta Manaca’ 1309.

Probably from the patron saint of the church.

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Manaton Devon . Manitone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead held communally, or by a man called Manna’.
OE (ge)mne or pers. name + tn.

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Manby Lincs., near Louth . Mannebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Manni, or of the men’.
OScand. pers. name or mann (genitive plural -a) + bý.

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Mancetter Warwicks. Manduessedum 4th cent., Manacestre 1195.

OE ceaster ‘Roman fort or town’ added to a reduced form of the original Celtic name which probably means ‘horse chariot’ (perhaps alluding to a topographical feature).

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Manchester Gtr. Manch. Mamucio 4th cent., Mamecestre 1086 (DB).

OE ceaster ‘Roman fort or town’ added to a reduced form of the original Celtic name (meaning obscure, but possibly containing
Celtic mamm ‘breast-like hill’).

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Manea Cambs. Moneia 1177.

OE g ‘island, well-watered land’ with a doubtful first element, possibly OE (ge)mne ‘held in common’.

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Manfield N. Yorks . Mannefelt 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Manna, or held communally’.
OE pers. name or OE (ge)mne + feld.

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Mangotsfield S. Glos. Manegodesfelle 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Mangod’.
OGerman pers. name + OE feld.

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Manley Ches. Menlie 1086 (DB).

‘Common wood or clearing’.
OE (ge)mne + lah.

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Manningford Bohune & Bruce Wilts. Maningaford 987, Maniford 1086 (DB), Manyngeford Bon, Manyngeford Breuse 1279.

‘Ford of the family or followers of a man called Manna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + ford. Manorial additions from the Boun and Breuse families, here in the 13th cent.

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Mannington Dorset. Manitone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Manna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Manningtree Essex . Manitre 1248.

‘Many trees’, or ‘tree of a man called Manna’.
OE manig or OE pers. name + trow.

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Mansell Gamage & Mansell Lacy Heref. & Worcs. Mælueshylle c.1045, Malveselle 1086 (DB), Maumeshull Gamages, Maumeshull Lacy 1242.

Probably ‘hill of the gravel ridge’.
OE malu + hyll. Manorial affixes from the de Gamagis family, here in the 12th cent., and from the de Lacy family, here in 1086.

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Mansfield Notts. Mamesfelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land by the River Maun’.
Celtic river-name (from Celtic mamm ‘breast-like hill’) + OE feld.

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Mansfield Woodhouse Notts. Wodehuse 1230, Mamesfeud Wodehus 1280.

‘Woodland hamlet near MANSFIELD’.
OE wudu + hs.

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Manston,

‘farmstead of a man called Mann’,
OE pers. name + tn: Manston Dorset. Manestone 1086 (DB). Manston Kent . Manneston 1254.

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Manthorpe Lincs., near Thurlby . Mannetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or village of a man called Manni, or of the men’.
OScand. pers. name or mann (genitive plural -a) + thorp.

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Manton N. Lincs. Malmetun 1060–6, Mameltune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on sandy or chalky ground’.
OE malm + tn.

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Manton Rutland . Mannatonam 1120–9, Manatona c.1130.

Probably ‘farmstead or estate of a man called Manna’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Manton Wilts. Manetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead held communally, or by a man called Manna’.
OE (ge)mne or OE pers. name + tn.

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Manuden Essex . Magghedana (sic) 1086 (DB), Manegedan c.1130.

Probably ‘valley of the family or followers of a man called Manna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + denu.

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Maplebeck Notts. Mapelbec 1086 (DB).

‘Stream where maple-trees grow’.
OE mapel + OScand. bekkr.

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Mapledurham Oxon. Mapeldreham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead where maple-trees grow’.
OE mapuldor + hm.

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Mapledurwell Hants. Mapledrewell 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream where maple-trees grow’.
OE mapuldor + wella.

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Maplestead, Great & Maplestead, Little Essex . Mapulderstede 1042, Mapledestedam 1086 (DB).

‘Place where maple-trees grow’.
OE mapuldor + stede.

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Mapperley Derbys. Maperlie 1086 (DB).

‘Maple-tree wood or clearing’.
OE mapuldor + lah.

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Mapperton Dorset, near Beaminster . Malperetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where maple-trees grow’.
OE mapuldor + tn.

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Mappleborough Green Warwicks. Mepelesbarwe 848, Mapelberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where maple-trees grow’.
OE mapel + beorg.

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Mappleton E. R. Yorks. Mapletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where maple-trees grow’.
OE mapel + tn.

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Mappowder Dorset. Mapledre 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the maple-tree’.
OE mapuldor.

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Marazion Cornwall . Marghasbigan c.1265.

‘Little market’.
Cornish marghas + byghan.

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Marbury Ches., near Whitchurch . Merberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place near a lake’.
OE mere + burh (dative byrig).

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March Cambs. Merche 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the boundary’.
OE mearc in an old locative form.

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Marcham Oxon. Merchamme 900, Merceham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure or river-meadow where smallage (wild celery) grows’.
OE merece + hamm.

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Marchamley Shrops. Marcemeslei 1086 (DB), Marchemeleg 1227.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a man called Merchelm’,
OE pers. name + lah. Alternatively ‘woodland clearing at the (territory of) the Mercians’, with a first element
OE Mierce in a dative plural form Miercum.

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Marchington Staffs . Mæchamtun 1002, Merchametone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of the dwellers at a homestead where smallage (wild celery) grows’.
OE merece + hme + tn.

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Marchwood Hants. Merceode 1086 (DB).

‘Wood where smallage (wild celery) grows’.
OE merece + wudu.

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Marcle, Much & Little Heref. & Worcs. Merchelai 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing on a boundary’.
OE mearc + lah. Affix Much is from OE mycel ‘great’.

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Marden Heref. & Worcs. Maurdine (sic) 1086 (DB), Magewurdin 1177.

‘Enclosed settlement in the district called MAUND’.
OE worthign.

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Marden Kent . Maeredaen c.1100.

‘Woodland pasture for mares, or near a boundary’.
OE mere or (ge)mre + denn.

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Marden Wilts. Mercdene 941, Meresdene 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘boundary valley’.
OE mearc + denu.

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Marden, East, North, & West W. Sussex . Meredone 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary hill’.
OE (ge)mre + dn.

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Marefield Leics. Merdefelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land frequented by martens or weasels’.
OE mearth + feld.

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Mareham le Fen & Mareham on the Hill Lincs. Marun, Meringhe 1086 (DB), Marum c.1200.

‘(Place at) the pools’ from
OE mere in a dative plural form merum, in early sources alternating with ‘(settlement of) the dwellers by the pools’ from
OE mere + -ingas. Affix le Fen means ‘in the marshland’.

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Maresfield E. Sussex. Mersfeld 1234.

‘Open land by a marsh or pool’.
OE mersc or mere + feld.

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Marfleet K. upon Hull. Mereflet 1086 (DB).

‘Pool creek or stream’.
OE mere + flot.

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Margaret Roding Essex ,

see RODING.

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Margaretting Essex . Ginga 1086 (DB), Gynge Margarete 1291.

‘Manor called’ Ing (for which see FRYERNING) of St Margaret'. From the dedication of the church.

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Margate Kent . Meregate 1254.

Probably ‘gate or gap leading to the sea, or by a pool’.
OE mere + geat.

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Marham Norfolk . Merham c.1050, Marham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead by or with a pond’.
OE mere + hm.

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Marhamchurch Cornwall . Maronecirce 1086 (DB).

‘Church of St Marwen or Merwenn’.
Female saint's name + OE cirice.

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Marholm Cambs. Marham c.1060.

‘Homestead by or with a pond’.
OE mere + hm.

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Mariansleigh Devon . Lege 1086 (DB), Marinelegh 1238.

‘The wood or clearing’ from
OE lah, with the later addition of the saint's name Marina or Marion (a diminutive of Mary).

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Marishes, High & Low N. Yorks . Aschilesmares, Chiluesmares, Ouduluesmersc 1086 (DB).

‘The marshes’, from
OE mersc. Different manors originally distinguished by the names of early owners,
OScand. Ásketill, Ketilfrøthr, and Authulfr.

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Mark Somerset . Mercern 1065.

‘House or building near a boundary’.
OE mearc + ærn.

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Markby Lincs. Marchebi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Marki’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. mrk ‘frontier area, wilderness’.

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Market

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Market Bosworth (Leics. ) see BOSWORTH.

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Markfield Leics. Merchenefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the Mercians’.
OE Merce (genitive plural Mercna) + feld.

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Markham, East & West Notts. Marcham 1086 (DB), Estmarcham 1192.

‘Homestead or village on a boundary’.
OE mearc + hm.

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Markington N. Yorks . Mercingtune c.1030, Merchinton 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of the Mercians’,
OE Merce (genitive plural Mercna) + tn. Alternatively ‘farmstead of the boundary-dwellers, or by a boundary’.
OE (ge)merce (with Scand. -k-) + -inga- or -ing + tn.

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Marksbury B. & NE. Som. Merkesburi 936, Mercesberie 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stronghold of a man called Mrec or Mearc’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig). Alternatively the first element may be
OE mearc ‘boundary’ (perhaps with reference to the Wansdyke).

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Marks Tey Essex ,

see TEY.

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Markyate Herts. Markzate 12th cent.

‘Gate at the (county) boundary’.
OE mearc + geat.

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Marland, Peters Devon . Mirlanda 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land by a pool’.
OE mere + land.

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Marlborough Wilts. Merleberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or mound of a man called Mrla, or where gentian grows’.
OE pers. name or meargealla + beorg.

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Marlcliff Warwicks. Mearnanclyfe 872.

‘Cliff of a man called Mearna’.
OE pers. name + clif.

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Marldon Devon . Mergheldone 1307.

‘Hill where gentian grows’.
OE meargealla + dn.

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Marlesford Suffolk . Merlesforda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford of a man called Mrel’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Marlingford Norfolk . Marthingforth c.1000, Merlingeforda, Marthingeforda 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ford of the family or followers of a man called Mearthel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + ford.

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Marlow Bucks. Merelafan 1015, Merlaue 1086 (DB).

‘Land remaining after the draining of a pool’.
OE mere + lf.

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Marnham, High & Marnham, Low Notts. Marneham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Mearna’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Marnhull Dorset. Marnhulle 1267.

Probably ‘hill of a man called Mearna’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Marple Gtr. Manch. Merpille early 13th cent.

‘Pool or stream at the boundary’.
OE (ge)mre + pyll.

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Marr S. Yorks. Marra 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the marsh’.
OScand. marr.

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Marrick N. Yorks . Marige 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary ridge’.
OE (ge)mre + hrycg.

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Marsden W. Yorks. Marchesden 12th cent.

Probably ‘boundary valley’.
OE mercels + denu.

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Marsh,

‘(place at) the marsh’,
OE mersc: Marsh Shrops. Mersse 1086 (DB). Marsh Gibbon Bucks. Merse 1086 (DB), Mersh Gibwyne 1292. Manorial affix from the Gibwen family, here in the 12th cent.

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Marsh Baldon Oxon. ,

see BALDON.

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Marsham Norfolk . Marsam 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village by a marsh’.
OE mersc + hm.

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Marshfield S. Glos. Meresfelde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land on the boundary’.
OE (ge)mre + feld. Alternatively the first element may be
OE mersc ‘marsh’.

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Marshwood Dorset. Merswude 1188.

‘Wood by a marsh’.
OE mersc + wudu.

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Marske,

‘(place at) the marsh’,
OE mersc (with Scand. -sk): Marske N. Yorks . Mersche 1086 (DB). Marske-by-the-Sea Red. & Cleve. Mersc 1086 (DB).

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Marston,

a common name, ‘farmstead in or by a marsh’,
OE mersc + tn; examples include: Marston Oxon. Mersttune c.1069. Marston, Broad Heref. & Worcs. Merestvne 1086 (DB), Brademerston 1224. Affix is
OE brd ‘broad’ referring to the shape of the village site. Marston, Long N. Yorks . Mersetone 1086 (DB). Marston, Long Warwicks. Merstuna 1043, Merestone 1086 (DB), Longa Merston 1285. Affix refers to the length of the village. Earlier often called Dry Marston or Marston Sicca (from
Latin sicca ‘dry’). Marston Magna Somerset . Merstone 1086 (DB), Great Merston 1248. Affix is
Latin magna ‘great’. Marston Meysey Wilts. Merston 1199, Merston Meysi 1259. Manorial affix from the de Meysi family, here in the 13th cent. Marston Moretaine Beds. Merestone 1086 (DB), Merston Morteyn 1383. Manorial affix from its early possession by the Morteyn family. Marston, Priors Warwicks. Merston 1236, Prioris Merston 1316. The manor was held by the Prior of Coventry in 1242. Marston Trussell Northants. Mersitone 1086 (DB), Merston Trussel 1235. Manorial affix from the Trussel family, here in the 13th cent.

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Marstow Heref. & Worcs. Lann Martin c.1130, Martinestowe 1291.

‘Church or holy place of St Martin’.
Saint's name + OE stw (replacing Welsh llan in the early form).

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Marsworth Bucks. Mæssanwyrth 10th cent., Missevorde (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Mæssa’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Marten Wilts. Mertone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near a boundary, or by a pool’.
OE (ge)mre or mere + tn.

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Marthall Ches. Marthale late 13th cent.

‘Nook of land frequented by martens or weasels’.
OE mearth + halh.

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Martham Norfolk . Martham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure frequented by martens or weasels’.
OE mearth + hm or hamm.

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Martin,

‘farmstead near a boundary, or by a pool’,
OE (ge)mre or mere + tn: examples include: Martin Hants. Mertone 946. Martin Lincs., near Horncastle . Mærtune 1060, Martone 1086 (DB). Martin Lincs., near Metheringham . Martona 12th cent. Martin Hussingtree Heref. & Worcs. Meretun, Husantreo 972, Husentre 1086 (DB), Marten Hosentre 1535. Originally two separate manors, Hussingtree being ‘tree of a man called Hsa’, from
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + trow.

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Martinhoe Devon . Matingeho 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of the family or followers of a man called Matta’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hh.

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Martinscroft Ches. Martinescroft 1332.

‘Enclosure of a man called Martin’.
ME pers. name + croft.

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Martinstown Dorset. Wintreburne 1086 (DB), Wynterburn Seynt Martyn 1280, Martyn towne 1494.

Originally ‘estate on the River WINTERBORNE with a church dedicated to St Martin’. The alternative name came into use in the late 15th cent.

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Martlesham Suffolk . Merlesham (sic) 1086 (DB), Martlesham 1254.

Possibly ‘homestead by a woodland clearing frequented by martens’.
OE mearth + lah + hm. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE pers. name Mertel.

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Martley Heref. & Worcs. Mærtleag c.1030, Mertelai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing frequented by martens’.
OE mearth + lah.

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Martock Somerset . Mertoch 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet by a pool’.
OE mere + stoc.

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Marton,

a common name, usually ‘farmstead by a pool’,
OE mere + tn, although some names may be ‘farmstead near a boundary’ with OE (ge)mre as first element; examples include: Marton Lincs. Martone 1086 (DB). Marton Warwicks. Mortone (sic) 1086 (DB), Merton 1151. Marton-le- Moor N. Yorks . Marton 1198, Marton on the Moor 1292. Affix is from
OE mr ‘moor’. Marton, Long Cumbria . Meretun c.1170. Affix refers to the length of the parish.

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Martyr Worthy Hants. ,

see WORTHY.

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Marwood Devon . Mereuda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wood near a boundary’.
OE (ge)mre + wudu.

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Marylebone Gtr. London . Maryburne 1453.

‘(Place by) St Mary's stream’.
OE burna. Named from the dedication of the church built in the 15th cent. The -le- is intrusive and dates from the 17th cent.

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Maryport Cumbria . Mary-port 1762.

A modern name, the harbour here built in the 18th cent by Humphrey Senhouse being named after his wife Mary.

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Marystow Devon . Sancte Marie Stou 1266.

‘Holy place of St Mary’.
OE stw.

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Mary Tavey Devon ,

see TAVY.

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Masham N. Yorks . Massan (sic) 1086 (DB), Masham 1153.

‘Homestead or village of a man called Mæssa’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Mashbury Essex . Maisseberia 1068, Massebirig 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Mæssa or Mæcca’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Massingham, Great &Massingham, Little Norfolk . Masingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Mæssa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Matching Essex . Matcinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Mæcca’, or ‘Mæcca's place’.
OE pers. name + -ingas or -ing.

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Matfen Northum. Matefen 1159.

Probably ‘fen of a man called Matta’.
OE pers. name + fenn.

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Matfield Kent . Mattefeld c.1230.

‘Open land of a man called Matta’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Mathon Heref. & Worcs. Matham 1014, Matma 1086 (DB).

‘The treasure or gift’.
OE mthm.

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Matlask Norfolk . Matelasc 1086 (DB).

‘Ash-tree where meetings are held’.
OE mæthel + æsc or OScand. askr.

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Matlock Derbys. Meslach (sic) 1086 (DB), Matlac 1196.

‘Oak-tree where meetings are held’.
OE mæthel + c.

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Matterdale End Cumbria . Mayerdale (sic) c.1250, Matherdal 1323.

‘Valley where madder grows’.
OScand. mathra + dalr.

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Mattersey Notts. Madressei 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or well-watered land, of a man called Mthhere’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Mattingley Hants. Matingelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Matta’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Mattishall Norfolk . Mateshala 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘nook of land of a man called Matt’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Maugersbury Glos. Meilgaresbyri 714, Malgeresberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Mæthelgr’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Maulden Beds. Meldone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill with a crucifix’.
OE ml + dn.

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Maulds Meaburn Cumbria ,

see MEABURN.

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Maun (river) Notts. ,

see MANSFIELD.

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Maunby N. Yorks . Mannebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Magni’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Maund Bryan Heref. & Worcs. Magene 1086 (DB), Magene Brian 1242.

A difficult name, but possibly ‘(place at) the hollows’, from
OE maga ‘stomach’ (used in a topographical sense) in a dative plural form. Alternatively Maund (also a district-name) may represent the survival of an ancient
Celtic name Magnis (probably ‘the rocks’). Manorial affix from a 12th cent. owner called Brian.

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Mautby Norfolk . Malteby 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Malti, or where malt is made’.
OScand. pers. name or malt + bý.

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Mavis Enderby Lincs. ,

see ENDERBY.

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Mawdesley Lancs. Madesle 1219.

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Maud’.
OFrench pers. name (from OGerman Mahthildis) + OE lah.

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Mawgan Cornwall . Scanctus Mawan 1086 (DB).

‘(Church of) St Mawgan’. From the patron saint of the church.

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Mawnan Cornwall .

‘(Church of) Sanctus Maunanus’ 1281. From the patron saint of the church.

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Maxey Cambs. Macuseige c.963.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Maccus’.
OScand. pers. name + g.

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Maxstoke Warwicks. Makestoka 1169.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Macca’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Mayfield E. Sussex. Magavelda 12th cent.

‘Open land where mayweed grows’.
OE mægthe + feld.

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Mayfield Staffs . Medevelde (sic) 1086 (DB), Matherfeld c.1180.

‘Open land where madder grows’.
OE mæddre + feld.

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Mayford Surrey . Maiford 1212.

Possibly ‘maidens' ford’, or ‘ford where mayweed grows’.
OE mægth or mægthe + ford.

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Mayland Essex . La Mailanda 1188.

Possibly ‘land or estate where mayweed grows’, from
OE mægthe + land. Alternatively ‘(place at) the island’, from
OE g-land, with M- from the dative case of the OE definite article.

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Meaburn, King's & Meaburn, Maulds Cumbria . Maiburne 12th cent., Meburne Regis 1279, Meburnemaud 1278.

‘Meadow stream’.
OE md + burna. Distinguishing affixes from possession by the Crown (
Latin regis ‘of the king’) and by a woman called Maud here in the 12th cent.

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Meare Somerset . Mere 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the pool or lake’.
OE mere.

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Mears Ashby Northants. ,

see ASHBY.

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Measham Leics. Messeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village on the River Mease’.
OE river-name (‘mossy river’ from OE mos) + hm.

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Meathop Cumbria . Midhop c.1185.

‘Middle enclosure in marsh’.
OE midd (replaced by OScand. mithr) + hop.

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Meaux E. R. Yorks. Melse 1086 (DB).

‘Sand-bank pool’.
OScand. melr + sr.

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Meavy Devon . Mæwi 1031, Mewi 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Meavy, probably a
Celtic river-name meaning ‘lively stream’.

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Medbourne Leics. Medburne 1086 (DB).

‘Meadow stream’.
OE md + burna.

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Meddon Devon . Madone 1086 (DB).

‘Meadow hill’.
OE md + dn.

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Medina I. of Wight ,

district named from the River Medina, Medine 1196, ‘the middle one’, from
OE medume.

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Medmenham Bucks. Medmeham 1086 (DB).

‘Middle or middle-sized homestead or enclosure’.
OE medume (dative -an) + hm or hamm.

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Medstead Hants. Medested 1202.

‘Meadow place’, or ‘place of a man called Mde’.
OE md or pers. name + stede.

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Medway (river) Sussex-Kent. Medeuuæge 8th cent.

Ancient pre-English river-name Wey (of obscure etymology), possibly compounded with
Celtic or OE medu ‘mead’ with reference to the colour or the sweetness of the water.

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Meerbrook Staffs . Merebroke 1338.

‘Boundary brook’.
OE (ge)mre + brc.

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Meesden Herts. Mesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Mossy or boggy hill’.
OE mos + dn.

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Meeth Devon . Meda 1086 (DB).

OE (ge)mthe ‘confluence of rivers’ or mth ‘place where corn or grass is cut’.

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Melbourn Cambs. Meldeburna 970, Melleburne 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stream where orach or a similar plant grows’.
OE melde + burna.

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Melbourne Derbys. Mileburne 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘mill stream’.
OE myln + burna.

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Melbourne E. R. Yorks. Middelburne 1086 (DB).

‘Middle stream’.
OE middel (replaced by OScand. methal) + OE burna.

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Melbury,

probably ‘multi-coloured fortified place’,
OE mle + burh (dative byrig): Melbury Abbas Dorset. Meleburge 956, Meleberie 1086 (DB), Melbury Abbatisse 1291. Affix is
Latin abbatissa ‘abbess’ from its early possession by Shaftesbury Abbey. Melbury Bubb, Osmond , & Melbury Bubb, Sampford Dorset. Mele(s)berie 1086 (DB), Melebir Bubbe 1244, Melebur Osmund 1283, Melebury Saunford 1312. Manorial affixes from the Bubbe family, from a man called Osmund, and from the Saunford family, all here in the 13th cent.

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Melchbourne Beds. Melceburne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream by pastures yielding good milk’.
OE melce + burna.

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Melcombe Regis Dorset. Melecumb 1223.

Probably ‘valley where milk is produced’.
OE meoluc + cumb.

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Meldon Devon . Meledon 1175.

‘Multi-coloured hill’.
OE mle + dn.

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Meldon Northum. Meldon 1242.

‘Hill with a crucifix’.
OE ml + dn.

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Meldreth Cambs. Melrede 1086 (DB).

‘Mill stream’.
OE myln + rth.

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Melford, Long Suffolk . Melaforda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford by a mill’.
OE myln + ford.

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Melkinthorpe Cumbria . Melcanetorp c.1150.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Maelchon’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Melkridge Northum. Melkrige 1279.

‘Ridge where milk is produced’.
OE meoluc + hrycg.

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Melksham Wilts. Melchesham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or enclosure where milk is produced’.
OE meoluc + hm or hamm.

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Melling,

probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Mealla’, or ‘Mealla's place’,
OE pers. name + -ingas or -ing: Melling Lancs. Mellinge 1086 (DB). Melling Mersey . Melinge 1086 (DB).

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Mellis Suffolk . Melles 1086 (DB).

‘The mills’.
OE myln.

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Mellor,

‘bare or smooth-topped hill’,
Celtic ml + brez: Mellor Gtr. Manch. Melver 1283. Mellor Lancs. Malver c.1130.

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Mells Somerset . Milne 942, Mulle 1086 (DB).

‘The mill(s)’.
OE myln.

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Melmerby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Maelmuire’,
OIrish pers. name + OScand. bý: Melmerby Cumbria . Malmerbi 1201. Melmerby N. Yorks., near Coverham . Melmerbi 1086 (DB). Melmerby N. Yorks., near Ripon . Malmerbi 1086 (DB). First element alternatively
OScand. malmr ‘sandy field’.

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Melplash Dorset. Melpleys 1155.

Probably ‘multi-coloured pool’.
OE mle + plæsc.

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Melsonby N. Yorks . Malsenebi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Maelsuithan’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Meltham W. Yorks. Meltham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or village where smelting is done’.
OE melt + hm.

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Melton,

usually ‘middle farmstead’,
OE middel (replaced by OScand. methal) + tn: Melton, Great & Little Norfolk . Middilton c.1060, Meltuna 1086 (DB). Melton, High S. Yorks. Middeltun 1086 (DB). Melton Mowbray Leics. Medeltone 1086 (DB), Melton Moubray 1284. Manorial affix from the de Moubray family, here in the 12th cent. Melton Ross N. Lincs. Medeltone 1086 (DB), Melton Roos 1375. Manorial affix from the de Ros family, here in the 14th cent.
However the following may have a different origin: Melton Suffolk . Meltune c.1050, Meltuna 1086 (DB). Perhaps rather ‘farmstead with a crucifix’,
OE ml + tn. Melton Constable Norfolk . Maeltuna 1086 (DB), Melton Constable 1320. Possibly identical with the previous name. Manorial affix from possession by the constable of the Bishop of Norwich in the 12th cent.

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Melverley Shrops. Meleurlei (sic) 1086 (DB), Milverlegh 1311.

Probably ‘woodland clearing by the mill ford’.
OE myln + ford + lah.

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Membury Devon . Manberia 1086 (DB).

OE burh (dative byrig) ‘fortified place’ with an uncertain first element, possibly
Celtic main ‘stone’ or OE mne ‘common’.

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Mendham Suffolk . Myndham c.950, Mendham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Mynda’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Mendip Hills Somerset . Menedepe 1185.

Probably
Celtic mönïth ‘mountain, hill’ with an uncertain second element, perhaps
OE yppe in the sense ‘upland, plateau’.

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Mendlesham Suffolk . Mundlesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Myndel’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Menheniot Cornwall . Mahiniet 1260.

‘Land or plain of Hynyed’. Cornish ma + pers. name.

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Menston W. Yorks. Mensinctun c.972, Mersintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Mensa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Mentmore Bucks. Mentemore 1086 (DB).

‘Moor of a man called Menta’.
OE pers. name + mr.

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Meole Brace Shrops. Mela(m) 1086 (DB), Melesbracy 1273.

Named from Meole Brook (the old name of Rea Brook) which may derive from
OE melu, meolu ‘meal’ perhaps used figuratively of a stream with cloudy water. Manorial affix from the de Braci family, here in the 13th cent.

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Meols, Great & Meols, Little Mersey . Melas 1086 (DB).

‘The sandhills’.
OScand. melr.

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Meon, East & Meon, West Hants. Meone c.880, Mene, Estmeone 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Meon,
a Celtic river-name of uncertain origin and meaning, possibly ‘swift one’.

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Meonstoke Hants. Menestoche 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead on the River Meon or dependent on MEON’.
OE stoc.

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Meopham Kent . Meapaham 788, Mepeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Mapa’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Mepal Cambs. Mepahala 12th cent.

‘Nook of land of a man called Mapa’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Meppershall Beds. Maperteshale 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘nook of the maple-tree’.
OE mæpel-trow + halh.

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Mere,

‘(place at) the pool or lake’,
OE mere: Mere Ches. Mera 1086 (DB). Mere Wilts. Mere 1086 (DB).

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Mereworth Kent . Meranworth 843, Marovrde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Mra’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Meriden W. Mids. Mereden 1230.

‘Pleasant valley’, or ‘valley where merry-making takes place’.
OE myrge + denu.

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Merrington Shrops. Muridon 1254.

‘Pleasant hill’, or ‘hill where merry-making takes place’.
OE myrge + dn.

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Merrington, Kirk Durham . Mærintun c.1085. Kyrke Merington 1331.

‘Estate associated with a man called Mra’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Affix is
OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Merriott Somerset . Meriet 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘boundary gate’.
OE mre + geat.

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Merrow Surrey . Marewe 1185.

Possibly
OE mearg ‘marrow’ in a figurative sense such as ‘fertile ground’.

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Mersea, East & Mersea, West Essex . Meresig early 10th cent., Meresai 1086 (DB).

‘Island of the pool’.
OE mere (genitive -s) + g.

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Merseyside (new county), named from the River Mersey , Mærse 1002,

‘boundary river’ from
OE mre (genitive -s) + a.

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Mersham Kent . Mersaham 858, Merseham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Mrsa’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Merstham Surrey . Mearsætham 947, Merstan 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead near a trap for martens or weasels’.
OE mearth + st + hm.

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Merston W. Sussex . Mersitone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on marshy ground’.
OE mersc + tn.

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Merstone I. of Wight. Merestone 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Merther Cornwall . Eglosmerthe 1201.

‘Church at the saint's grave’.
Cornish eglos + merther.

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Merton,

‘farmstead by the pool’,
OE mere + tn: Merton Devon . Mertone 1086 (DB). Merton Gtr. London . Mertone 967, Meretone 1086 (DB). Merton Norfolk . Meretuna 1086 (DB). Merton Oxon. Meretone 1086 (DB).

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Meshaw Devon . Mauessart 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘bad or infertile clearing’.
OFrench mal + assart.

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Messing Essex . Metcinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Mæcca’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Messingham N. Lincs. Mæssingaham c.1067, Messingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Mæssa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Metfield Suffolk . Medefeld 1214.

‘Open land with meadow’.
OE md + feld.

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Metheringham Lincs. Medricesham 1086 (DB), Mederingeham 1193.

Possibly ‘homestead of a man called Mæthelrc or of his people’.
OE pers. name (+ -inga-) + hm.

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Methley W. Yorks. Medelai 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing where grass is mown’,
OE mth + lah, or ‘middle land between rivers’,
OScand. methal + OE g.

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Methwold Norfolk . Medelwolde c.1050, Methelwalde 1086 (DB).

‘Middle forest’.
OScand. methal + OE wald.

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Methwold Hythe Norfolk . Methelwoldehythe 1277.

‘Landing-place near METHWOLD’.
OE hth.

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Mettingham Suffolk . Metingaham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Metti’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Mevagissey Cornwall . Meffagesy c.1400.

From the patron saints of the church, Saints Meva and Issey (the medial -ag- in the place-name being from
Cornish hag ‘and’).

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Mexborough S. Yorks. Mechesburg 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Moc or Mjúkr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE burh.

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Meysey Hampton Glos. ,

see HAMPTON.

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Michaelchurch,

‘church dedicated to St Michael’,
saint's name + OE cirice: Michaelchurch Heref. & Worcs. Lann mihacgel c.1150. Welsh llan ‘church’. Michaelchurch Escley Heref. & Worcs. Michaeleschirche c.1257. Affix is from Escley Brook, probably
a Celtic river-name Esk (‘the water’) + OE hlynn ‘torrent’.

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Michaelstow Cornwall . Mighelestowe 1302.

‘Holy place of St Michael’.
Saint's name + OE stw.

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Micheldever Hants. Mycendefr 862, Miceldevere 1086 (DB).

Named from the stream here, probably
a Celtic name meaning ‘boggy waters’, the second element being the Celtic word found in DOVER. At an early date, the first element was confused with
OE micel ‘great’.

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Michelmersh Hants. Miclamersce 985.

‘Large marsh’.
OE micel + mersc.

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Mickfield Suffolk . Mucelfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Large tract of open country’.
OE micel + feld.

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Mickleby N. Yorks . Michelbi 1086 (DB).

‘Large farmstead’.
OScand. mikill + bý.

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Mickleham Surrey . Micleham 1086 (DB).

‘Large homestead or river-meadow’.
OE micel + hm or hamm.

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Mickleover Derbys. Vfre 1011, Ufre 1086 (DB), Magna Oufra c.1100.

‘(Place at) the ridge’.
OE ofer, with the affix micel ‘great’ (earlier
Latin magna) to distinguish this place from LITTLEOVER.

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Mickleton,

large farmstead',
OE micel + tn: Mickleton Durham . Micleton 1086 (DB). Mickleton Glos. Micclantun 1005, Muceltvne 1086 (DB).

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Mickle Trafford Ches. ,

see TRAFFORD.

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Mickley Northum. Michelleie c.1190.

‘Large wood or clearing’.
OE micel + lah.

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Middle

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Middle Assendon (Oxon. ) see ASSENDON.

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Middleham,

‘middle homestead or enclosure’,
OE middel + hm or hamm: Middleham N. Yorks . Medelai (sic) 1086 (DB), Midelham 12th cent. Middleham, Bishop Durham . Middelham 12th cent. Affix from early possession by the Bishop of Durham.

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Middlesbrough Middlesbr. Midelesburc c.1165.

‘Middlemost stronghold’.
OE midlest + burh.

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Middlesex (the county ). Middelseaxan 704, Midelsexe 1086 (DB).

‘(Territory of) the Middle Saxons’, originally a tribal name from
OE middel + Seaxe.

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Middlestown W. Yorks. Midle Shitlington 1325, Myddleston 1551.

A contracted form of ‘Middle Shitlington’ (now SITLINGTON), which is Schelintone 1086 (DB), ‘estate associated with a man called Scyttel’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Middleton,

a very common name, usually ‘middle farmstead or estate’,
OE middel + tn; examples include: Middleton Gtr. Manch. Middelton 1194. Middleton Norfolk . Mideltuna 1086 (DB). Middleton Cheney Northants. Mideltone 1086 (DB), Middleton Cheyndut 1342. Manorial affix from the de Chendut family, here in the 12th cent. Middleton in Teesdale Durham . Middeltun c.1164. Affix means ‘in the valley of the River Tees’,
Celtic river-name (‘surging river’) + OScand. dalr. Middelton on Sea W. Sussex . Middeltone 1086 (DB). Middleton on the Wolds E. R. Yorks. Middeltun 1086 (DB). See WOLDS. Middleton St George Durham . Middlinton 1238. Affix from the dedication of the church. Middleton Scriven Shrops. Middeltone 1086 (DB), Skrevensmyddleton 1577. Manorial affix is probably the ME surname Scriven from a family of this name with lands here. Middleton Tyas N. Yorks . Middeltun 1086 (DB), Midilton Tyas 14th cent. Manorial affix from the le Tyeis family who may have had lands here at an early date.
However the following have a different origin: Middleton on the Hill Heref. & Worcs. Miceltune 1086 (DB). ‘Large farmstead or estate’.
OE micel + tn. Middleton Priors Shrops. Mittilton c.1200. First element uncertain. Affix from its early possession by Wenlock Priory.

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Middlewich Ches. Wich, Mildestuich 1086 (DB).

‘Middlemost salt-works’.
OE midlest + wc.

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Middlezoy Somerset . Soweie 725, Sowi 1086 (DB), Middlesowy 1227

.‘Island on the River Sow’. Lost pre-English river-name (of doubtful etymology) with the later affix middle.

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Midge Hall Lancs. Miggehalgh 1390.

‘Nook of land infested with midges’.
OE mycg + halh.

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Midgham Berks. Migeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure infested with midges’.
OE mycg + hm or hamm.

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Midgley,

‘wood or clearing infested with midges’,
OE mycg + lah: Midgley W. Yorks., near Crigglestone . Migelaia 12th cent. Midgley W. Yorks., near Halifax . Micleie 1086 (DB).

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Midhurst W. Sussex . Middeherst 1186.

‘Middle wooded hill’.
OE midd + hyrst.

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Midsomer Norton B. & NE. Som. ,

see NORTON.

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Milborne, Milbourne, Milburn,

‘mill stream’,
OE myln + burna: Milborne Port Somerset . Mylenburnan c.880, Meleburne 1086 (DB), Milleburnport 1249. Affix is
OE port ‘market town’. Milborne St Andrew Dorset. Muleburne 934, Meleburne 1086 (DB), Muleburne St Andrew 1294. Affix from the dedication of the church. Milbourne Northum. Meleburna 1158. Milburn Cumbria . Milleburn 1178.

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Milcombe Oxon. Midelcumbe 1086 (DB).

‘Middle valley’.
OE middel + cumb.

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Milden Suffolk . Mellinga (sic) 1086 (DB), Meldinges c.1130.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Melda’,
OE pers. name + -ingas, or ‘place where orach grows’, OE melde + -ing.

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Mildenhall Suffolk . Mildenhale c.1050, Mitdenehalla 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘middle nook of land’,
OE middel + halh, but perhaps identical in origin with the next name.

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Mildenhall Wilts. Mildanhald 803–5, Mildenhalle 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Milda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Mile End,

‘(place at) the end of a mile’,
OE ml + ende: Mile End Essex . Milende 1156–80. Mile End Gtr. London . La Mile Ende 1288.

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Mileham Norfolk . Meleham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village with a mill’.
OE myln + hm.

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Milford,

‘ford by a mill’,
OE myln + ford: Milford Derbys. Muleford 1086 (DB). Milford Surrey . Muleford 1235. Milford on Sea Hants. Melleford 1086 (DB). Milford, South N. Yorks . Myleford c.1030.

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Millbrook,

‘brook by a mill’,
OE myln + brc: Millbrook Beds. Melebroc 1086 (DB). Millbrook Hants. Melebroce 956, Melebroc 1086 (DB).

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Mill Hill Gtr. London . Myllehill 1547.

Self-explanatory, ‘hill with a windmill’.

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Millington E. R. Yorks. Milleton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead with a mill’.
OE myln + tn.

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Millmeece Staffs . Mess 1086 (DB), Mulnemes 1289.

‘Mossy or boggy place’.
OE mos with the later addition of myln ‘mill’.

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Millom Cumbria . Millum c.1180.

‘(Place at) the mills’.
OE myln in a dative plural form mylnum.

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Milnrow Gtr. Manch. Mylnerowe 1554.

‘Row of houses by a mill’.
OE myln + rw.

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Milnthorpe Cumbria . Milntorp 1272.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet with a mill’.
OE myln + OScand. thorp.

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Milson Shrops. Mulstone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Myndel’.
OE pers. name + tn. Alternatively derivation may be from
OE myln-stn ‘mill-stone’.

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Milstead Kent . Milstede late 11th cent.

Possibly ‘middle place’.
OE middel + stede.

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Milston Wilts. Mildestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘middlemost farmstead’.
OE midlest + tn.

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Milton,

a very common name, usually ‘middle farmstead or estate’,
OE middel + tn; examples include: Milton Cambs. Middeltune c.975, Middeltone 1086 (DB). Milton Oxon., near Didcot . Middeltun 956, Middeltune 1086 (DB). Milton Abbas Dorset. Middeltone 934, Mideltune 1086 (DB), Middelton Abbatis 1268.
Latin affix means ‘of the abbot’ with reference to the abbey here. Milton Abbot Devon . Middeltone 1086 (DB), Middelton Abbots 1297. Affix from its early possession by Tavistock Abbey. Milton Bryan Beds. Middelton 1086 (DB), Mideltone Brian 1303. Manorial affix from a 12th cent. owner called Brian. Milton Clevedon Somerset . Mideltune 1086 (DB), Milton Clyvedon 1408. Manorial affix from a family called de Clyvedon, here c.1200. Milton Damerel Devon . Mideltone 1086 (DB), Middelton Aubemarle 1301. Manorial affix from Robert de Albemarle who held the manor in 1086. Milton Ernest Beds. Middeltone 1086 (DB), Middelton Orneys 1330. Manorial affix from early possessions here of a man called Erneis. Milton, Great & Milton, Little Oxon. Mideltone 1086 (DB). Milton Keynes Bucks. Middeltone 1086 (DB), Middeltone Kaynes 1227. Manorial affix from the de Cahaignes family, here from the 12th cent. Milton Malsor Northants. Mideltone 1086 (DB), Milton alias Middleton Malsor 1781. Manorial affix from the Malsor family, here in the 12th cent. Milton under Wychwood Oxon. Mideltone 1086 (DB). For the affix, see ASCOTT.
However some Miltons have a different origin, ‘farmstead or village with a mill’,
OE myln + tn; examples include: Milton Cumbria . Milneton 1285. Milton Staffs . Mulneton 1227.

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Milverton,

‘farmstead or village by the mill ford’,
OE myln + ford + tn: Milverton Somerset . Milferton 11th cent., Milvertone 1086 (DB). Milverton Warwicks. Malvertone (sic) 1086 (DB), Mulverton 1123.

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Milwich Staffs . Mulewiche 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead with a mill’.
OE myln + wc.

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Mimms, North & Mimms, South Herts. Mimes 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(territory of) a tribe called the Mimmas’, although this tribal name is obscure in origin and meaning.

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Minchinhampton Glos. Hantone 1086 (DB), Minchenhamtone 1221.

‘High farmstead’.
OE hah (dative han) + tn, with affix myncena ‘of the nuns’ (with reference to possession by the nunnery of Caen in the 11th cent.).

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Mindrum Northum. Minethrum c.1050.

‘Mountain ridge’.
Celtic mönïth + drum.

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Minehead Somerset . Mynheafdon 1046, Maneheve 1086 (DB).

Pre-English hill-name (possibly Celtic mönïth ‘mountain’) + OE hafod ‘projecting hill-spur’.

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Minety Wilts. Mintig 844.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, where mint grows’.
OE minte + g.

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Miningsby Lincs. Melingesbi (sic) 1086 (DB), Mithingesbia 1142.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Mithjungr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Minshull, Church Ches. Maneshale (sic) 1086 (DB), Chirchemunsulf late 13th cent.

‘Shelf or shelving terrain of a man called Monn’.
OE pers. name + scelf. Affix is
OE cirice ‘church’.

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Minskip N. Yorks . Minescip 1086 (DB).

OE (ge)mnscipe ‘a community, a communal holding’.

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Minstead Hants. Mintestede 1086 (DB).

‘Place where mint grows or is grown’.
OE minte + stede.

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Minster,

‘the monastery or large church’,
OE mynster: Minster Kent, near Ramsgate . Menstre 694. Minster Kent, near Sheerness . Menstre 1203. Minster Lovell Oxon. Minstre 1086 (DB), Ministre Lovel 1279. Manorial affix from the Luvel family, here in the 13th cent.

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Minsterley Shrops. Menistrelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing near or belonging to a minster church’ (probably referring to that at Westbury).
OE mynster + lah.

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Minsterworth Glos. Mynsterworthig c.1030.

‘Enclosure of the monastery’ (here St Peter's Gloucester).
OE mynster + worth (worthig in the early form).

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Minterne Magna Dorset. Minterne 987.

‘House near the place where mint grows’.
OE minte + ærn. Affix is
Latin magna ‘great’.

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Minting Lincs. Mentinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Mynta’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Minton Shrops. Munetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or estate by the mountain (Long Mynd)’.
Welsh mynydd + OE tn.

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Mirfield W. Yorks. Mirefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Pleasant open land’, or ‘open land where festivities are held’.
OE myrge or myrgen + feld.

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Miserden Glos. Musardera 1186.

‘Musard's manor’.
OFrench surname + suffix -ere. In 1086 (DB) the manor (then called Grenhamstede ‘the green homestead’ from
OE grne + hm-stede) was already held by the Musard family.

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Missenden, Great & Missenden, Little Bucks. Missedene 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley where water-plants or marsh-plants grow’.
OE mysse + denu.

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Misson Notts. Misne 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘mossy or marshy place’, from a derivative of
OE mos ‘moss, marsh’.

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Misterton,

‘farmstead or estate with a church or belonging to a monastery’,
OE mynster + tn: Misterton Leics. Minstretone 1086 (DB). Misterton Notts. Ministretone 1086 (DB). Misterton Somerset . Mintreston 1199.

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Mistley Essex . Mitteslea (sic) 1086 (DB), Misteleg 1225.

Probably ‘wood or clearing where mistletoe grows’.
OE mistel + lah.

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Mitcham Gtr. London . Michelham 1086 (DB).

‘Large homestead or village’.
OE micel + hm.

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Mitcheldean Glos. Dena 1220, Muckeldine 1224.

‘(Place at) the valley’.
OE denu with the later addition of micel ‘great’.

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Mitchell Cornwall . Meideshol 1239.

Probably ‘maiden's hollow’.
OE mægd(en) + hol.

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Mitford Northum. Midford 1196.

‘Ford where two streams join’.
OE (ge)mthe + ford.

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Mitton,

‘farmstead where two rivers join’,
OE (ge)mthe + tn; examples include: Mitton, Great Lancs. Mitune 1086 (DB). Mitton, Upper Heref. & Worcs. Myttun 841, Mettune 1086 (DB).

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Mixbury Oxon. Misseberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place near a dunghill’.
OE mixen + burh (dative byrig).

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Mobberley Ches. Motburlege 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing at the fortification where meetings are held’.
OE mt + burh + lah.

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Moccas Heref. & Worcs. Mochros c.1130, Moches 1086 (DB).

‘Moor where swine are kept’.
Welsh moch + rhos.

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Mockerkin Cumbria . Moldcorkyn 1208.

Probably ‘hill-top of a man called Corcán’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. moldi.

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Modbury Devon . Motberia 1086 (DB).

‘Fortification where meetings are held’.
OE mt + burh (dative byrig).

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Moddershall Staffs . Modredeshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of a man called Mdrd’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Mogerhanger Beds. Mogarhangre 1216.

OE hangra ‘wooded slope’ with an uncertain first element.

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Molescroft E. R. Yorks. Molescroft 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Ml’.
OE pers. name + croft.

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Molesey, East & Molesey, West Surrey . Muleseg 672–4, Molesham (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Ml’.
OE pers. name + g. The river-name Mole is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Molesworth Cambs. Molesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Ml’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Molland Devon . Mollande 1086 (DB).

OE land ‘cultivated land, estate’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a pre-English hill-name.

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Mollington,

‘estate associated with a man called Moll’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn; Mollington Ches. Molintone 1086 (DB). Mollington Oxon. Mollintune c.1015, Mollitone 1086 (DB).

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Molton, North & Molton, South Devon . Nortmoltone, Sudmoltone 1086 (DB).

OE tn ‘farmstead, estate’ with the same first element as in MOLLAND. Distinguishing affixes are
OE north and sth. The river-name Mole is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name; the old name of the river was Nymet, see NYMPTON.

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Monewden Suffolk . Munegadena 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of the family or followers of a man called Munda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + denu.

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Mongeham, Great & Mongeham, Little Kent . Mundelingeham 761, Mundingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Mundel’, or ‘homestead at Mundel's place’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm.

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Monk

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Monk Bretton (S. Yorks. ) see BRETTON.

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Monkhopton Shrops. Hopton 1255, Munkehopton 1577.

‘Farmstead in a valley’.
OE hop + tn. Later affix from its possession by Wenlock Priory.

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Monkland Heref. & Worcs. Leine 1086 (DB), Munkelen c.1180.

‘Estate in Leon held by the monks’.
Old Celtic name for the district (see LEOMINSTER) with OE munuc. The manor belonged before 1086 to Conches Abbey in Normandy.

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Monkleigh Devon . Lega 1086 (DB), Munckenelegh 1244.

‘Wood or clearing of the monks’.
OE munuc + lah, with reference to possession by Montacute Priory from the 12th cent.

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Monkokehampton Devon . Monacochamentona 1086 (DB).

‘Estate on the River Okement held by the monks’.
OE munuc + Celtic river-name (possibly ‘swift stream’) + OE tn. It once belonged to Glastonbury Abbey.

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Monks

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Monks Eleigh (Suffolk ) see ELEIGH.

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Monkseaton Tyne & Wear. Seton Monachorum 1380.

‘Farmstead by the sea’.
OE s + tn. Affix ‘of the monks’ (
Latin monachorum in the early form) from its early possession by the monks of Tynemouth.

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Monksilver Somerset . Selvere 1086 (DB), Monkesilver 1249.

Probably an old river-name from
OE seolfor ‘silver’, i.e. ‘clear or bright stream’. Affix is
OE munuc alluding to early possession by the monks of Goldcliff Priory.

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Monkton,

‘farmstead of the monks’,
OE munuc + tn; examples include: Monkton Devon . Muneketon 1244, Monkton Kent . Munccetun c.960, Monocstune 1086 (DB). Monkton, Bishop N. Yorks . Munecatun c.1030, Monucheton 1086 (DB). Affix from its possession by the Archbishops of York. Monkton, Moor & Monkton, Nun N. Yorks . Monechetone 1086 (DB), Moremonketon 1402, Nunmonkton 1397. Distinguishing affixes are
OE mr ‘moor’ and nunne ‘nun’ (from the nunnery founded here in the 12th cent.). Monkton, West Somerset . Monechetone 1086 (DB).

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Monkton

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Monkton Combe B. & NE. Som. , see COMBE.

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Monkwearmouth Tyne & Wear. Uuiremutha c.730, Wermuth Monachorum 1291.

‘The mouth of the River Wear’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name (probably meaning simply ‘water, river’) + OE mtha. Affix Monk-(
Latin monachorum ‘of the monks’) refers to early possession by the monks of Durham.

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Monnington on Wye Heref. & Worcs. Manitune 1086 (DB)

‘Estate held communally, or by a man called Manna’.
OE (ge)mne or pers. name (genitive -n) + tn. For the river-name, see ROSS ON WYE.

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Montacute Somerset . Montagud 1086 (DB).

‘Pointed hill’.
OFrench mont + aigu.

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Montford Shrops. Maneford 1086 (DB), Moneford 1204.

Possibly ‘ford where people gather’, from
OE gemna ‘fellowship, association’ + ford.

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Monxton Hants. Anna de Becco c.1270, Monkestone 15th cent.

‘Estate (on the River Ann) held by the monks (of Bec Abbey)’.
OE munuc + tn, see ANN.

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Monyash Derbys. Maneis 1086 (DB).

‘Many ash-trees’.
OE manig + æsc.

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Moorby Lincs. Morebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village in the moor or marshland’.
OScand. mór + bý.

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Moor Crichel Dorset ,

see CRICHEL.

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Moore Ches. Mora 12th cent.

‘The marsh’.
OE mr.

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Moorlinch Somerset . Mirieling 971.

‘Pleasant ledge or terrace’.
OE myrge + hlinc.

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Moor Monkton N. Yorks. ,

see MONKTON.

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Moors, West Dorset. La More 1310, Moures 1407.

‘The marshy ground(s)’.
OE mr.

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Moorsholm Red & Cleve. Morehusum 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the houses on the moor’.
OE mr + hs, or OScand. mór + hús, in a dative plural form in -um.

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Moorsley, Low Tyne & Wear. Moreslau 12th cent.

Probably ‘hill of the moor’.
OE mr + hlw.

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Morborne Cambs. Morburne 1086 (DB).

‘Marsh stream’.
OE mr + burna.

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Morchard,

‘great wood or forest’,
Celtic mr + cd: Morchard Bishop Devon . Morchet 1086 (DB), Bisschoppesmorchard 1311. Affix from its possession by the Bishop of Exeter in 1086. Morchard, Cruwys Devon . Morchet 1086 (DB), Cruwys Morchard c.1260. Manorial affix from the de Crues family, here in the 13th cent.

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Morcombelake Dorset. Morecomblake 1558.

‘Stream in the marshy valley’.
OE mr + cumb + lacu.

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Morcott Rutland . Morcote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) in the marshland’.
OE mr + cot.

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Morden,

‘hill in marshland’,
OE mr + dn: Morden Dorset. Mordune 1086 (DB). Morden Gtr. London . Mordune 969, Mordone 1086 (DB). Morden, Guilden & Morden, Steeple Cambs. Mordune 1015, Mordune 1086 (DB), Gildene Mordon 1204, Stepelmordun 1242. Distinguishing affixes are
OE gylden ‘wealthy, splendid’ and stpel ‘church steeple’.

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Mordiford Heref. & Worcs. Mord(e)ford 12th cent.

OE ford ‘a ford’ with an uncertain first element.

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Mordon Durham . Mordun c.1050.

‘Hill in marshland’.
OE mr + dn.

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More Shrops. La Mora 1181.

‘The marsh’.
OE mr.

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Morebath Devon . Morbatha 1086 (DB).

‘Bathing-place in marshy ground’.
OE mr + bæth.

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Morecambe Lancs. ,

a modern revival of an old Celtic name for the Lune estuary, Morikámb ‘the curved inlet’, first recorded c.150 AD.

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Moreleigh Devon . Morlei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing on or near a moor’.
OE mr + lah.

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Moresby Cumbria . Moresceby c.1160.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Maurice’.
OFrench pers. name + Oscand. bý.

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Morestead Hants. Morstede 1172.

‘Place by a moor’.
OE mr + stede.

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Moreton, Morton,

a common name, ‘farmstead in moorland or marshy ground’,
OE mr + tn; examples include: Moreton Dorset. Mortune 1086 (DB). Moreton Mersey . Moreton 1278. Moreton-in-Marsh Glos. Mortun 714, Mortune 1086 (DB), Morton in Hennemersh 1253. Affix is an old district-name meaning ‘marsh frequented by wild hen-birds (moorhens or the like)’,
OE henn + mersc. Moreton, Maids Bucks. Mortone 1086 (DB), Maidenes Morton c.1488. Affix from the tradition that the church here was built by two maiden ladies in the 15th cent. Moreton Morrell Warwicks. Mortone 1086 (DB), Merehull 1279, Morton Merehill 1285. Originally two distinct names first combined in the 13th cent. Morrell means ‘boundary hill’,
OE (ge)mre + hyll. Moreton Pinkney Northants. Mortone 1086 (DB). Manorial affix (first used in the 16th cent.) from the de Pinkeny family who held the manor in the 13th cent. Moreton Say Shrops. Mortune 1086 (DB), Morton de Say 1255. Manorial affix from the de Sai family, here in 1199. Morton Derbys. Mortun 956, Mortune 1086 (DB). Morton Lincs., near Bourne . Mortun 1086 (DB), Morton Lincs., near Gainsborough . Mortune 1086 (DB). Morton Bagot Warwicks. Mortone 1086 (DB), Morton Bagod 1262. Manorial affix from the Bagod family, here from the 12th cent.

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Moretonhampstead Devon . Mortone 1086 (DB), Morton Hampsted 1493.

Identical in origin with the previous names, with a later addition which may be a family name or from a nearby place (from
OE hm-stede ‘homestead’).

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Morland Cumbria . Morlund c.1140.

‘Grove in the moor or marsh’.
OScand. mór + lundr.

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Morley,

‘woodland clearing in or near a moor or marsh’,
OE mr + lah: Morley Derbys. Morlege 1002, Morleia 1086 (DB). Morley Durham . Morley 1312. Morley Norfolk . Morlea 1086 (DB). Morley W. Yorks. Moreleia 1086 (DB).

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Morningthorpe Norfolk . Torp, Maringatorp 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘outlying farmstead of the dwellers by the lake or by the boundary’.
OE mere or mre + -inga- + OScand. thorp.

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Morpeth Northum. Morthpath c.1200.

‘Path where a murder took place’.
OE morth + pæth.

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Morston Norfolk . Merstona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a marsh’.
OE mersc + tn.

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Mortehoe Devon . Morteho 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘hill-spur called Mort or the stump’.
OE mort + hh.

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Mortimer Berks. ,

from the manorial affix of STRATFIELD MORTIMER.

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Mortlake Gtr. London . Mortelage 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stream of a man called Morta’.
OE pers. name + lacu. Alternatively the first element may be
OE mort ‘young salmon or similar fish’.

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Morton,

see MORETON.

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Morvah Cornwall . Morveth 1327.

‘Grave by the sea’.
Cornish mor + bedh.

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Morval Cornwall . Morval 1238.

Probably Cornish mor ‘sea’ with an obscure second element.

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Morville Shrops. Membrefelde 1086 (DB), Mamerfeld, Momerfeld c.1138.

OE feld ‘open land’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a derivative of
Celtic mamm ‘breast-like hill’.

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Morwenstow Cornwall . Morwestewe 1201.

‘Holy place of St Morwenna’.
Cornish saint's name + OE stw.

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Mosborough S. Yorks. Moresburh c.1002, Moresburg 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place in the moor’.
OE mr + burh.

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Mosedale Cumbria . Mosedale 1285.

‘Valley with a bog’.
OScand. mosi + dalr.

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Moseley Heref. & Worcs. Museleie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing infested with mice’.
OE ms + lah.

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Moseley W. Mids. Moleslei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Moll’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Moss S. Yorks. Mose 1416.

‘The swamp or bog’.
OE mos or OScand. mosi.

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Mossley Gtr. Manch. Moselegh 1319.

‘Woodland clearing by a swamp or bog.’
OE mos or OScand. mosi + OE lah.

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Mosterton Dorset. Mortestorne 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Mort’.
OE pers. name + thorn.

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Moston,

usually ‘moss or marsh farmstead’,
OE mos + tn; for example Moston Shrops. Mostune 1086 (DB).

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Motcombe Dorset. Motcumbe 1244.

‘Valley where meetings are held’.
OE mt + cumb.

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Mottingham Gtr. London . Modingeham 1044.

‘Homestead or enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Mda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm or hamm.

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Mottisfont Hants. Mortesfunde (sic) 1086 (DB), Motesfont 1167.

‘Spring near a river-confluence’, or ‘spring where meetings are held’.
OE mt + funta.

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Mottistone I. of Wight. Modrestan 1086 (DB).

‘Stone of the speaker(s) at a meeting’.
OE mtere + stn.

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Mottram,

possibly ‘speakers' place ’ or ‘place where meetings are held’,
OE mtere or mt + rm: Mottram in Longdendale Gtr. Manch. Mottrum c.1220, Mottram in Longedenedale 1308. Affix is a district name, ‘dale of the long valley’,
OE lang + denu + OScand. dalr. Mottram St Andrew Ches. Motre (sic) 1086 (DB), Motromandreus 1351. Affix is probably manorial from some early owner called Andrew.

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Mouldsworth Ches. Moldeworthe 12th cent.

‘Enclosure at a hill’.
OE molda + worth.

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Moulsecoomb E. Sussex. Mulescumba c.1100.

‘Valley of a man called Ml’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Moulsford Oxon. Muleforda c.1110.

Probably ‘ford of a man called Ml’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Moulsoe Bucks. Moleshou 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of a man called Ml’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Moulton,

‘farmstead of a man called Mla, or where mules are kept’,
OE pers. name or OE ml + tn: Moulton Ches. Moletune 1086 (DB). Moulton Lincs. Multune 1086 (DB). Moulton Northants. Multone 1086 (DB). Moulton N. Yorks . Moltun 1086 (DB). Moulton Suffolk . Muletuna 1086 (DB). Moulton St Michael Norfolk . Mulantun c.1035, Muletuna 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Mount Bures Essex ,

see BURES.

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Mountfield E. Sussex. Montifelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Mundifeld 12th cent.

‘Open land of a man called Munda’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Mountnessing Essex . Ginga 1086 (DB), Gynges Munteny 1237.

‘Manor called Ing (for which see FRYERNING) held by the de Mounteney family’.

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Mountsorrel Leics. Munt Sorel 1152.

‘Sorrel-coloured hill’, referring to the pinkish-brown stone here.
OFrench mont + sorel.

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Mousehole Cornwall . Musehole 1284.

Self-explanatory.
OE ms + hol, originally referring to a large cave here.

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Mow Cop Ches./Staffs. Mowel c.1270, Mowle-coppe 1621.

‘Heap hill’.
OE mga + hyll with the later addition of copp ‘hill top’.

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Mowsley Leics. Muselai 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing infested with mice’.
OE ms + lah.

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Much

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Much Birch (Heref. & Worcs. ) see BIRCH.

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Mucking Essex . Muc(h)inga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Mucca’, or ‘Mucca's place’.
OE pers. name + -ingas or -ing.

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Mucklestone Staffs . Moclestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Mucel’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Muckton Lincs. Machetone (sic) 1086 (DB), Muketun 12th cent.

‘Farmstead of a man called Muca’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Muddiford Devon . Modeworthi 1303.

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Mda’.
OE pers. name + worthig (later replaced by ford).

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Mudeford Dorset. Modeford 13th cent.

Probably ‘mud ford’,
ME mode, mudde + ford. The river-name Mude is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Mudford Somerset . Mudiford 1086 (DB).

‘Muddy ford’.
OE muddig + ford.

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Mudgley Somerset . Mudesle 1157.

OE lah ‘wood or clearing’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Mugginton Derbys. Mogintun 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Mogga or Mugga’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Muggleswick Durham . Muclingwic c.1170.

‘Farmstead of a man called Mucel’.
OE pers. name (+ -ing-) + wc.

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Muker N. Yorks . Meuhaker 1274.

‘Narrow cultivated plot’.
OScand. mjór + akr.

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Mulbarton Norfolk . Molkebertuna 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farm where milk is produced’.
OE meoluc + bere-tn.

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Mullion Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Melanus’ 1262.

From the patron saint of the church.

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Mumby Lincs. Mundebi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Mundi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OE or OScand. mund in the sense ‘protection’ or ‘hedge’.

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Mundesley Norfolk . Muleslai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ml or Mundel’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Mundford, Norfolk . Mundeforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Munda’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Mundham,

‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Munda’,
OE pers. name + hm or hamm: Mundham Norfolk . Mundaham 1086 (DB). Mundham W. Sussex . Mundhame c.692, Mundreham 1086 (DB).

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Mundon Essex . Munduna 1086 (DB).

‘Protection hill’, i.e. probably ‘raised ground safe from flooding, or protected by fencing’.
OE mund + dn.

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Mungrisdale Cumbria . Grisedale 1285, Mounge Grieesdell 1600.

‘Valley where young pigs are kept’.
OScand. gríss + dalr, with the later addition of the saint's name Mungo from the dedication of the church.

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Munsley Heref. & Worcs. Muleslage, Muneslai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ml or Mundel’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Munslow Shrops. Mosselawa 1167, Munselowe 1252.

OE hlw ‘mound, tumulus’, with an uncertain first element.

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Murcott Oxon. Morcot c.1191.

‘Cottage(s) in marshy ground’.
OE mr + cot.

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Murrow Cambs. Morrowe 1376,

‘Row (of houses) in marshy ground’.
OE mr + rw.

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Mursley Bucks. Muselai (sic) 1086 (DB), Murselai 12th cent.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Myrsa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Murton,

‘farmstead in moorland or marshy ground’,
OE mr + tn: Murton Cumbria . Morton 1235. Murton Durham, near Seaham . Mortun 1155. Murton Northum. Morton 1204. Murton York. Mortun 1086 (DB).

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Musbury Devon . Musberia 1086 (DB).

‘Old fortification infested with mice’.
OE ms + burh (dative byrig).

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Muscoates N. Yorks . Musecote c.1160.

‘Cottages infested with mice’.
OE ms + cot.

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Musgrave, Great & Musgrave, Little Cumbria . Musegrave 12th cent.

‘Grove or copse infested with mice’.
OE ms + grf.

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Muskham, North & Muskham, South Notts. Muscham, Nordmuscham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or village of a man called Musca’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Muston Leics. Mustun 12th cent.

‘Mouse-infested farmstead’.
OE ms + tn.

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Muston N. Yorks . Mustone 1086 (DB).

Identical with previous name, or ‘farmstead of a man called Músi’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Muswell Hill Gtr. London . Mosewella c.1155.

‘Mossy spring’.
OE mos + wella, with the addition of hill from the 17th cent.

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Myddle Shrops. Mulleht (sic) 1086 (DB), Muthla 1121.

Possibly ‘(place at) the confluence of streams’, from a derivative
(ge)mthel of OE (ge)mthe.

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Mylor Bridge Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Melorus’ 1258.

From the patron saint of the church.

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Myndtown Shrops. Munete 1086 (DB), Myntowne 1577.

‘Place at the mountain (Long Mynd)’. Welsh mynydd, with the later addition of town.

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Mytholmroyd W. Yorks. Mithomrode late 13th cent.

‘Clearing at the river-mouths’.
OE (ge)mthe (dative plural (ge)mthum) + rodu.

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Myton, Mytton,

‘farmstead where two rivers join’,
OE (ge)mthe + tn: Myton on Swale N. Yorks . Mytun 972, Mitune 1086 (DB). On the River Swale (probably
OE swalwe ‘rushing water’) near to where it joins the Ure. Mytton Shrops. Mutone 1086 (DB).

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N

Naburn York. Naborne 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stream called the narrow one’.
OE naru + burna.

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Nackington Kent . Natyngdun late 10th cent, Latintone (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Hill at the wet place’.
OE næt + -ing + dn.

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Nacton Suffolk . Nachetuna 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Hnaki’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Nafferton E. R. Yorks. Nadfartone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Náttfari’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Nailsea N. Som. Nailsi 1196.

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Nægl’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Nailstone Leics. Naylestone 1225.

‘Farmstead of a man called Nægl’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Nailsworth Glos. Nailleswurd 1196.

‘Enclosure of a man called Nægl’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Nantwich Ches. Wich 1086 (DB), Nametwihc 1194.

‘The salt-works’.
OE wc with the later addition of ME named ‘renowned, famous’.

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Nappa N. Yorks. , near Hellifield. Napars (sic) 1086 (DB), Nappai 1182.

Possibly ‘enclosure in a bowl-shaped hollow’.
OE hnæpp + hæg.

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Napton on the Hill Warwicks. Neptone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead on a hill thought to resemble an inverted bowl’.
OE hnæpp + tn.

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Narborough Leics. Norburg c.1220.

‘North stronghold’.
OE north + burh.

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Narborough Norfolk . Nereburh 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stronghold near a narrow place or pass’.
OE neru + burh. The river-name Nar is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Naseby Northants. Navesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Hnæf’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig), replaced by
OScand. bý‘village’ in the 12th cent.

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Nash,

‘place at the ash-tree’,
OE æsc, with initial N-from ME atten ‘at the’; examples include: Nash Bucks. Esse 1231. Nash Heref. & Worcs. Nasche 1239. Nash Shrops. La Esse 1242, Nazsche 1391.

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Nassington Northants. Nassingtona 1017–34, Nassingtone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead on the promontory’.
OE næss + -ing + tn.

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Nasty Herts. Nasthey 1294.

‘(Place at) the east enclosure’.
OE ast + hæg, with N-from ME atten ‘at the’.

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Nateby,

‘farmstead or village where nettles grow, or of a man called Nati’,
OScand. nata or pers. name + bý: Nateby Cumbria . Nateby 1242. Nateby Lancs. Nateby 1204.

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Nately, Up Hants. Nataleie 1086 (DB), Upnateley 1274.

‘Wet wood or clearing’.
OE næt + lah. Affix is
OE upp ‘higher up’.

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Natland Cumbria . Natalund c.1175.

‘Grove where nettles grow, or of a man called Nati’.
OScand. nata or pers. name + lundr.

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Naughton Suffolk . Nawelton c.1150.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Nagli’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Naunton,

‘new farmstead or estate’,
OE nwe (dative nwan) + tn: Naunton Glos. , near Winchcombe. Niwetone 1086 (DB). Naunton Heref. & Worcs. Newentone c.1120. Naunton Beauchamp Heref. & Worcs. Niwantune 972, Newentune 1086 (DB), Newenton Beauchamp 1370. Manorial affix from the Beauchamp family, here from the 11th cent.

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Navenby Lincs. Navenebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Nafni’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Navestock Essex . Nasingestok 867, Nassestoca 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘outlying farmstead on the promontory’.
OE næss + -ing + stoc. Alternatively ‘outlying farmstead belonging to the promontory people or to NAZEING’.

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Nawton N. Yorks . Nagletune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Nagli’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Nayland Suffolk . Eilanda 1086 (DB), Neiland 1227.

‘(Place at) the island’.
OE g-land, with N-from ME atten ‘at the’.

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Nazeing Essex . Nassingan 1062, Nasinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the people of the promontory’.
OE næss + -ingas.

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Near Sawrey Cumbria ,

see SAWREY.

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Neasden Gtr. London . Neosdune c.1000.

‘Nose-shaped hill’.
OE neosu + dn.

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Neasham Durham . Nesham 1158.

‘Homestead or enclosure by the projecting piece of land in a river-bend’.
OE neosu + hm or hamm.

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Neatishead Norfolk . Netheshird 1020–22, Snateshirda (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘household of a retainer’.
OE genat + hred.

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Necton Norfolk . Nechetuna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead by a neck of land’.
OE hnecca + tn.

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Nedging Tye Suffolk . Hnyddinge c.995, Niedinga 1086 (DB).

‘Place associated with a man called Hnydda’.
OE pers. name + -ing. Later affix is tye ‘common pasture’.

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Needham,

‘poor or needy homestead’,
OE nd + hm: Needham Norfolk . Nedham 1352. Needham Market Suffolk . Nedham 13th cent., Nedeham Markett 1511. Needham Street Suffolk . Nedham c.1185. Affix street here means ‘hamlet’.

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Needingworth Cambs. Neddingewurda 1161.

‘Enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Hnydda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + worth.

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Needwood Staffs . Nedwode 1248.

‘Poor wood’, or ‘wood resorted to in need (as a refuge)’.
OE nd + wudu.

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Neen Savage & Neen Sollars Shrops. Nene 1086 (DB), Nenesauvage 13th cent., Nen Solers 1274.

Originally the Celtic or pre-Celtic name of the river here (an old name for the River Rea). Manorial affixes from the le Savage family here in the 13th cent., and from the de Solers family here in the late 12th cent.

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Neenton Shrops. Newentone (sic) 1086 (DB), Nenton 1242.

‘Farmstead or estate on the River Neen’,
OE tn, see previous name. The Domesday form suggests confusion of the first element with OE nwe (dative -an) ‘new’.

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Nelson Lancs. ,

a 19th cent. name for the new textile town, taken from the Lord Nelson Inn.

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Nempnett Thrubwell B. & NE. Som. Emnet c.1200, Trubewel 1201.

Originally two places. Nempnett is ‘(place at) the level ground’ from OE emnet with N-from ME atten ‘at the’. Thrubwell is from OE wella ‘spring, stream’ with an uncertain first element.

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Nene (river) Northants-Lincs. Nyn 948.

An ancient
Celtic or pre-Celtic name, of obscure etymology.

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Nenthead Cumbria . Nentheade 1631.

‘Place at the source of the River Nent’.
Celtic river-name (from nant ‘a glen’) + OE hafod.

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Nesbit Northum. , near Doddington. Nesebit 1242.

‘Promontory river-bend’.
OE neosu + byht.

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Ness,

‘(place at) the promontory or projecting ridge’,
OE næss: Ness Ches. Nesse 1086 (DB). Ness, East & Ness West N. Yorks . Ne(i)sse 1086 (DB). Ness, Great & Nees, Little Shrops. Nessham, Nesse 1086 (DB).

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Neston Ches. Nestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near the promontory’.
OE næss + tn.

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Nether

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Nether Broughton (Leics. ) see BROUGHTON.

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Netheravon Wilts. Nigravre (sic) 1086 (DB), Nederauena c.1150.

‘(Settlement) lower down the River Avon’.
OE neotherra + Celtic river-name (meaning simply ‘river’).

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Netherbury Dorset. Niderberie 1086 (DB).

‘Lower fortified place’.
OE neotherra +burh (dative byrig).

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Netherfield E. Sussex. Nedrefelle 1086 (DB).

‘Open land infested with adders’.
OE nddre + feld.

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Netherhampton Wilts. Notherhampton1242.

‘Lower homestead’.
OE neotherra + hm-tn.

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Netherseal & Overseal Derbys. Scel(l)a 1086 (DB), Nether Scheyle, Overe Scheyle 13th cent.

‘Small wood or copse’.
OE scegel. Distinguishing affixes are
OE neotherra ‘lower’ and uferra‘upper’.

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Netherthong W. Yorks. Thoying 13th cent., Nethyrthonge 1448.

‘Narrow strip of land’.
OE thwang, with neotherra ‘lower’ to distinguish it from UPPERTHONG.

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Netherton,

a common name, ‘lower farmstead or estate’,
OE neotherra + tn; examples include: Netherton Heref. & Worcs. , near Evesham. Neotheretun 780, Neotheretune 1086 (DB). Netherton Northum. Nedertun c.1050.

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Netley Hants. Lætanlia 955–8, Latelei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘neglected clearing, or clearing left fallow’.
OE lte + lah, with change to initial N- only from the 14th cent. perhaps through confusion with the following name.

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Netley Marsh Hants. Natanleaga late 9th cent., Nutlei (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wet wood or clearing’.
OE næt + lah.

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Nettlebed Oxon. Nettlebed 1246.

‘Plot of ground overgrown with nettles’.
OE netele + bedd.

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Nettlecombe Dorset. Netelcome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where nettles grow’.
OE netele + cumb.

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Nettleden Herts. Neteleydene c.1200.

‘Valley of the woodland clearing where nettles grow’.
OE netele + lah + denu.

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Nettleham Lincs. Netelham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where nettles grow’.
OE netele + hm or hamm.

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Nettlestead Kent . Netelamstyde 9th cent., Nedestede (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead where nettles grow’.
OE netele + hmstede.

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Nettlestone I. of Wight. Hoteleston (sic) 1086 (DB), Nutelastone 1248.

‘Farmstead by the nut pasture or nut wood’.
OE hnutu + ls or lah (genitive las) + tn.

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Nettleton Lincs. Neteltone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where nettles grow’.
OE netele + tn.

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Nettleton Wilts. Netelingtone 940, Niteletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead at the place overgrown with nettles’.
OE netele + -ing + tn.

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Nevendon Essex . Nezendena (sic) 1086 (DB), Neuendene 1218.

‘(Place at) the level valley’.
OE efen + denu, with N- from ME atten ‘at the’.

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New

as affix, see main name, e.g. for New Alresford (Hants. ) see ALRESFORD.

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Newark,

‘new fortification or building’,
OE we + weorc: Newark Cambs. Nieuyrk 1189. Newark on Trent Notts. Niweweorce c.1080, Neuuerche 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see TRENTHAM.

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Newbald, North E. R. Yorks. Neoweboldan 972, Niuuebold 1086 (DB).

‘New building’.
OE nwe + bold.

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Newbiggin,

a common name in the North, ‘new building or house’,
OE nwe + ME bigging; examples include: Newbiggin Cumbria , near Appleby. Neubigging 1179. Newbiggin Durham , near Middleton. Neubigging 1316. Newbiggin by the Sea Northum. Niwebiginga 1187.

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Newbold,

a common name in the Midlands, ‘new building’,
OE nwe + bold; examples include: Newbold Derbys. Newebold 1086 (DB). Newbold Leics. Neoboldia 12th cent. Newbold on Avon Warwicks. Neobaldo 1077, Newebold 1086 (DB). Avon is
a Celtic river-name meaning simply ‘river’. Newbold on Stour Warwicks. Nioweboldan 991. Stour is
a Celtic or OE river-name probably meaning ‘the strong one’. Newbold Pacey Warwicks. Niwebold 1086 (DB), Neubold Pacy 1235. Manorial affix from the de Pasci family, here in the 13th cent.

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Newborough Staffs . Neuboreg 1280.

‘New fortification’.
OE nwe + burh.

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Newbottle,

‘new building’,
OE nwe + bthl: Newbottle Northants. Niwebotle 1086 (DB). Newbottle Tyne & Wear. Neubotl 1196.

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Newbourn Suffolk . Neubrunna 1086 (DB).

‘New stream’, i.e. ‘stream which has changed course’.
OE nwe + burna.

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Newbrough Northum. Nieweburc 1203.

‘New fortification’.
OE nwe + burh.

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Newburgh Lancs. Neweburgh 1431.

‘New market town or borough’.
OE nwe + burh.

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Newburn Tyne & Wear. Neuburna 1121–9.

‘New stream’, i.e. ‘stream which has changed course’.
OE nwe + burna.

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Newbury Berks. Neuberie c.1080.

‘New market town or borough’.
OE nwe + burh (dative byrig).

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Newby,

a common name in the North, ‘new farmstead or village’,
OE nwe + OScand. bý: examples include: Newby Cumbria, near Appleby . Neubi 12th cent. Newby East Cumbria . Neuby c.1190. Newby West Cumbria . Neuby c.1200. Newby Wiske N. Yorks . Neuby 1157. Affix from the River Wiske, see APPLETON WISKE.

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Newcastle,

‘new castle’,
OE nwe + castel (often in Latin in early spellings): Newcastle Shrops. Novum castrum 1284. Newcastle under Lyme Staffs . Novum castellum subtus Lymam 1173. Lyme is an old Celtic district name, probably meaning ‘elm-tree region’. Newcastle upon Tyne Tyne & Wear. Novem Castellum 1130. For the river-name, see TYNEMOUTH.

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Newchurch,

‘new church’,
OE nwe + cirice: Newchurch I. of Wight. Niechirche 12th cent. Newchurch Kent . Nevcerce 1086 (DB).

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Newdigate Surrey . Niudegate c.1167.

‘Gate by the new wood’,
OE nwe + wudu + geat.

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Newenden Kent . Newedene 1086 (DB).

‘New woodland pasture’.
OE nwe (dative -an) + denn.

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Newent Glos. Noent 1086 (DB).

Probably a Celtic name meaning ‘new place’.

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New Ferry Mersey. ,

a district named from a ferry across the River Mersey established here in the 18th cent.

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New Forest Hants. Nova Foresta 1086 (DB).

‘The new forest’ created by William the Conqueror in the 11th cent. for hunting game.

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Newhall,

‘new hall or manor house’,
OE nwe + hall: Newhall Ches. La Nouehall 1252. Newhall Derbys. Niewehal 1197.

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Newham Gtr. London ,

a recent name created for the new London borough comprising EAST HAM & WEST HAM.

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Newham Northum., near Bamburgh . Neuham 1242

‘New homestead or enclosure’,
OE nwe + hm or hamm.

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Newhaven E. Sussex. Newehaven 1587.

‘New harbour’.
OE nwe + hæfen. Its old name was Mechingas 1121, Mecinges 1204, ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Mce’, from
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Newholm N. Yorks . Neueham 1086 (DB).

‘New homestead or enclosure’.
OE nwe + hm or hamm.

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Newick E. Sussex. Niwicha 1121.

‘New dwelling or farm’.
OE nwe + wc.

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Newington,

‘the new farmstead or estate’,
OE nwe (dative nwan) + tn: Newington Kent, near Hythe . Neventone 1086 (DB). Newington Kent, near Sittingbourne . Newetone 1086 (DB). Newington Oxon. Niwantun c.1045, Nevtone 1086 (DB). Newington, North Oxon. Newinton 1200. Newington, South Oxon. Niwetone 1086 (DB). Newington, Stoke Gtr. London . Neutone 1086. Neweton Stoken 1274. Affix means ‘by the tree-stumps’ or ‘made of logs’, from
OE stoccen.

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New Invention W. Mids. ,

first on record in 1663, of doubtful origin but possibly referring to some contrivance used in the clay-mining industry, or perhaps derived from an inn here so called. Origin as an inn-name is probably more likely for the identical New Invention Shrops.

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Newland, Newlands,

‘new arable land’,
OE nwe + land: Newland Glos. Nova terra 1221, Neweland 1248. Newland Heref. & Worcs. La Newelande 1221. Newland N. Yorks . Newland 1234. Newlands Northum. Neuland 1343.

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Newlyn Cornwall . Nulyn 1279, Lulyn 1290.

Probably ‘pool for a fleet of boats’.
Cornish lu + lynn.

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Newlyn East Cornwall . ‘Church of Sancta Niwelina’ 1259.

From the patron saint of the church.

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Newmarket Suffolk . Novum Forum 1200, la Newmarket 1418.

‘New market town’.
ME market (rendered by Latin forum in the earliest form).

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New Mills Derbys . New Miln 1625.

Self-explanatory, although the plural form is recent. Earlier called Midelcauel 1306, ‘the middle allotment of land’, from
ME cauel.

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Newnham,

a fairly common name, ‘the new homestead or enclosure’,
OE nwe (dative -an) + hm or hamm; examples include: Newnham Glos. Nevneham 1086 (DB). Newnham Herts. Neuham 1086 (DB). Newnham Kent . Newenham 1177. Newnham Northants. Niwanham 1021–3.

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Newnton, North Wilts . Northniwetune 892, Newetone 1086 (DB).

‘New farmstead’.
OE nwe (dative nwan) + tn.

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Newport,

‘new market town’,
OE nwe + port: Newport Devon . Neuport 1295. Newport Essex . Neuport 1086 (DB). Newport I. of Wight . Neweport 1202. Newport Shrops. Novus Burgus 12th cent., Newport 1237. Newport Pagnell Bucks. Neuport 1086 (DB), Neuport Paynelle 1220. Manorial affix from the Paynel family, here in the 12th cent.

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Newquay Cornwall . Newe Kaye 1602.

Named from the new quay (ME key) built here in the 15th cent.

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Newsham, Newsholme,

a fairly common name in the North, ‘(place at) the new houses’,
OE nwe + hs in a dative plural form nwum hsum; examples include: Newsham Northum Neuhusum 1207. Newsham N. Yorks., near Ravensworth . Neuhuson 1086 (DB). Newsholme E. R. Yorks., near Howden . Neuhusam 1086 (DB). Newsholme Lancs., near Barnoldswick . Neuhuse 1086 (DB).

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Newstead Northum. Novus Locus 13th cent., Newstede 1339.

‘New farmstead’.
OE nwe + stede.

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Newstead Notts. Novus Locus 12th cent., Newstede 1302.

‘New monastic site’.
OE nwe + stede.

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Newthorpe N. Yorks . Niwan-thorp c.1030.

‘New outlying farm’.
OE nwe + OScand. thorp.

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Newton,

a very common name, ‘the new farmstead, estate, or village’,
OE nwe + tn; examples include: Newton Abbot Devon . Nyweton c.1200, Nyweton Abbatis 1270. The Latin affix meaning ‘of the abbot’ refers to its possession by Torre Abbey in the 12th cent. Newton Arlosh Cumbria . Arlosk 1185, Neutonarlosk 1345. Arlosh is probably a Celtic name meaning ‘burnt place’. Newton Blossomville Bucks. Niwetone 1175, Newenton Blosmevill 1254. Manorial affix from the de Blosseville family, here in the 13th cent. Newton Burgoland Leics. Neutone 1086 (DB), Neuton Burgilon 1390. Manorial affix from early possession of lands here by the Burgilon family. Newton Ferrers Devon . Niwetone 1086 (DB), Neweton Ferers 1303. Manorial affix from the de Ferers family, here in the 13th cent. Newton-le-Willows Mersey . Neweton 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘by the willow-trees’. Newton Longville Bucks. Nevtone 1086 (DB), Newenton Longevile 1254. Affix from its possession by the church of St Faith of Longueville in France from the mid-12th cent. Newton, Maiden Dorset. Newetone 1086 (DB), Maydene Neweton 1288. Addition means ‘of the maidens’, perhaps referring to early possession of the manor by nuns. Newton, North Somerset . Newetune 1086 (DB). Newton Poppleford Devon . Poplesford 1226, Neweton Popilford 1305. Poppleford means ‘pebble ford’,
OE popel + ford. Newton St Cyres Devon . Niwantune c.1070, Nywetone Sancti Ciricii 1330. Affix from the dedication of the church to St Ciricius.
In contrast to the above ‘new settlements’ of medieval origin, the following makes use of the old name-type for a modern development: Newton Aycliffe Durham, a recent ‘new town’ named from AYCLIFFE.

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Newtown I. of Wight . Niwetune c.1200, nouum burgum de Francheuile 1254.

‘New town or borough’,
OE nwe + tn. The alternative name Francheville, in use up to the 16th cent., is ‘free town’,
OFrench franche + ville.

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Nibley,

‘woodland clearing near the peak’,
OE hnybba + lah: Nibley S. Glos. Nubbelee 1189. Nibley, North Glos. Hnibbanlege 940.

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Nidd N. Yorks . Nith 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Nidd, a Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name of uncertain etymology.

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Ninebanks Northum. Ninebenkes 1228.

‘The nine banks or hills’.
OE nigon + benc.

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Ninfield E. Sussex. Nerewelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Nimenefeld 1255.

‘Newly taken-in open land’.
OE nwe + numen + feld.

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Niton I. of Wight . Neeton 1086 (DB).

‘New farmstead’.
OE nwe + tn.

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Noah's Ark Kent ,

a late name appearing on the first Ordnance Survey map of 1819 and apparently transferred from a house so called built c.1700. Other examples of this fanciful name, perhaps alluding to an abundance or diversity of animals, occur in Cheshire and Derbyshire.

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Nobottle Northants. Neubote (sic) 1086 (DB), Neubottle 12th cent.

‘New building’.
OE nwe + bthl.

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Nocton Lincs. Nochetune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead where wether sheep are kept’.
OE hnoc + tn.

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Noke Oxon. Ac(h)am 1086 (DB), Noke 1382.

‘(Place at) the oak-tree’.
OE c, with N-from ME atten ‘at the’.

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Nonington Kent . Nunningitun c.1100.

‘Estate associated with a man called Nunna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Norbiton Gtr. London . Norberton 1205.

‘Northern grange or outlying farm’.
OE north + bere-tn. See SURBITON.

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Norbury,

‘northern stronghold or manor-house’,
OE north + burh (dative byrig): Norbury Ches., near Marbury . Norberie 1086 (DB). Norbury Derbys . Nortberie 1086 (DB). Norbury Gtr. London . Northbury 1359. Norbury Shrops. Norbir 1237. Norbury Staffs . Nortberie 1086 (DB).

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Norfolk (the county ). Nordfolc 1086 (DB).

‘(Territory of) the northern people (of the East Angles)’.
OE north + folc, see SUFFOLK.

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Norham Northum. Northham c.1050.

‘Northern homestead or enclosure’.
OE north + hm or hamm.

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Norley Ches. Northleg 1239.

‘Northern glade or clearing’.
OE north + lah.

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Normanby,

‘farmstead or village of the Northmen or Norwegian Vikings’,
OE Northman + OScand. bý: Normanby Lincs. Normanebi 1086 (DB). Normanby N. Lincs. Normanebi 1086 (DB). Normanby N. Yorks . Normanebi 1086 (DB). Normanby Red. & Cleve. Northmannabi c.1050. Normanby le Wold Lincs. Normane(s)bi 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘on the wolds’, from
OE wald ‘high forest land’.

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Normandy Surrey , first on record as Normandie 1656,

apparently taking its name from an inn here called ‘The Duke of Normandy’.

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Normanton,

a fairly common name in the North and North Midlands, ‘farmstead of the Northmen or Norwegian Vikings’,
OE Northman + tn; examples include: Normanton Derbys . Normantun 1086 (DB). Normanton W. Yorks. Normantone 1086 (DB). Normanton, South Derbys . Normentune 1086 (DB). Normanton, Temple Derbys . Normantune 1086 (DB), Normanton Templer 1330. Manorial affix from its possession by the Knights Templars in the late 12th cent.

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Norrington Common Wilts . Northinton 1227.

‘(Place lying) north in the village’.
OE north + in + tn.

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North

as affix, see main name, e.g. for North Anston (S. Yorks. ) see ANSTON.

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Northallerton N. Yorks . Aluretune 1086 (DB), North Alverton 1293.

‘Farmstead of a man called Ælfhere’.
OE pers. name + tn, with the affix north from the 13th cent.

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Northam,

‘northern enclosure or promontory’,
OE north + hamm: Northam Devon . Northam 1086 (DB). Northam Hants. Northam 1086 (DB).

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Northampton Northants. Hamtun early 10th cent., Northantone 1086 (DB).

‘Home farm, homestead’.
OE hm-tn, with prefix north to distinguish this place from SOUTHAMPTON (which has a different origin). Northamptonshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Northaw Herts. North Haga 11th cent.

‘Northern enclosure’.
OE north + haga.

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Northborough Cambs. Northburh 12th cent.

‘Northern fortification’.
OE north + burh.

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Northbourne Kent . Nortburne 618, Norborne 1086 (DB).

‘Northern stream’.
OE north + burna.

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Northchurch Herts. Ecclesia de North Berchamstede 1254, le Northcherche 1347.

Self-explanatory, ‘the north church’ of BERKHAMSTED, from
OE north + cirice.

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Northfield W. Mids. Nordfeld 1086 (DB),

‘Open land lying to the north’ (relative to King's Norton).
OE north + feld.

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Northfleet Kent . Flyote 10th cent., Norfluet 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the stream’.
OE flot with the addition of north to distinguish it from SOUTHFLEET.

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Northiam E. Sussex . Hiham 1086 (DB), Nordhyam c.1200.

Probably ‘promontory where hay is grown’.
OE hg + hamm, with the later addition of north. Alternatively the original first element may be
OE hah ‘high’.

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Northill Beds. Nortgiuele 1086 (DB),

‘Northern settlement of the tribe called Gifle’, see SOUTHILL.
OE north + tribal name derived from the River Ivel, a Celtic river-name meaning ‘forked stream’.

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Northington Hants. Northametone 903.

‘Farmstead of the dwellers to the north’ (of Alresford or Winchester).
OE north + hme + tn.

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Northleach Glos. Lecce 1086 (DB), Northlecche 1200.

‘Northern estate on the River Leach’.
OE north + river-name (see EASTLEACH).

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Northleigh Devon . Lege 1086 (DB), Northleghe 1291.

‘(Place at) the wood or clearing’.
OE lah, with north to distinguish it from SOUTHLEIGH.

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Northlew Devon . Leuia 1086 (DB), Northlyu 1282.

Named from the River Lew,
a Celtic river-name meaning ‘bright stream’.

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Northmoor Oxon. More 1059, Northmore 1367.

‘The marsh’.
OE mr with the later addition of north.

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Northolt Gtr. London . Northhealum 960, Northala 1086 (DB).

‘Northern nook(s) of land’.
OE north + halh, see SOUTHALL.

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Northowram W. Yorks. Ufrun 1086 (DB), Northuuerum 1202.

‘(Place at) the ridges’.
OE ofer, ufer in a dative plural form uferum, with north to distinguish it from SOUTHOWRAM.

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Northrepps Norfolk . Norrepes 1086 (DB), Nordrepples 1185.

Possibly ‘north strips of land’.
OE north + reopul.

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Northumberland (the county ). Norhumberland 1130.

‘Territory of the Northhymbre (i.e. those living north of the River Humber)’.
OE tribal name + land. In Anglo-Saxon times the territory of the tribe and kingdom of the Northymbre was much larger than the present country.

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Northwich Ches. Wich, Norwich 1086 (DB).

‘North salt-works’.
OE north + wc.

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Northwick S. Glos. Northwican 955–9.

‘Northern (dairy) farm’.
OE north + wc.

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Northwold Norfolk . Northuuold 970, Nortwalde 1086 (DB).

‘Northern forest’.
OE north + wald.

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Northwood,

‘northern wood’,
OE north + wudu: Northwood Gtr. London . Northwode 1435. Northwood I. of Wight. Northewde early 13th cent.

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Norton,

a very common name, ‘north farmstead or village’, i.e. one to the north of another settlement,
OE north + tun; examples include: Norton Heref. & Worcs., near Evesham . Nortona 709, Nortune 1086 (DB). Norton N. Yorks . Nortone 1086 (DB). Norton Suffolk . Nortuna 1086 (DB). Norton Bavant Wilts . Nortone 1086 (DB), Nortonbavent 1381. Manorial affix from the de Bavent family, here in the 14th cent. Norton, Blo Norfolk . Nortuna 1086 (DB), Blonorton 1291. Affix is probably
ME blo ‘bleak, exposed’. Norton, Brize Oxon. Nortone 1086 (DB), Northone Brun c.1266. Manorial affix from a William le Brun who had land here in 1200. Norton Canon Heref. & Worcs. Nortune 1086 (DB), Norton Canons 1327. Affix from its early possession by the canons of Hereford Cathedral. Norton, Chipping & Over Oxon .Nortone 1086 (DB), Chepingnorthona 1224, Overenorton 1302. Distinguishing affixes are
OE cping ‘market’ and uferra ‘higher’. Norton Disney Lincs. Nortune 1086 (DB), Norton Isny 1331. Manorial affix from the de Isney family, here in the 12th cent. Norton Fitzwarren Somerset . Nortone 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from lands here held by a family called Fitzwarren. Norton, Greens Northants. Nortone 1086 (DB), Grenesnorton 1465. Manorial affix from the Grene family, here in the 14th cent. Norton in Hales Shrops. Nortune 1086 (DB), Norton in Hales 1291. Affix refers to the district called Hales, a name surviving also in HALES Staffs. Norton-in-the-Moors Staffs . Nortone 1086 (DB), Norton super le Mores 1285. Affix is from
OE mr ‘moor, marshy ground’. Norton, King's W. Mids. Nortune 1086 (DB), Kinges Norton 1221. A royal manor at the time of Domesday Book. Norton, Midsomer B. & NE. Som. Midsomeres Norton 1248. Affix from the festival of St John the Baptist, patron saint of the church, on Midsummer Day. Norton St Philip Somerset. Nortune 1086 (DB), Norton Sancti Phillipi 1316. Affix from the dedication of the church. Norton sub Hamdon Somerset . Nortone 1086 (DB), Norton under Hamedon 1246. Affix refers to Hamdon Hill, see STOKE SUB HAMDON.

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Norton, Hook Oxon. ,

see HOOK.

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Norwell Notts. Nortwelle 1086 (DB).

‘North spring or stream’.
OE north + wella.

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Norwich Norfolk . Northwic 10th cent., Noruic 1086 (DB).

‘North harbour or trading centre’.
OE north + wc.

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Norwood,

‘north wood’,
OE north + wudu: Norwood Green Gtr. London . Northuuda 832. Norwood Hill Surrey . Norwode 1250. Norwood, South & Norwood, West Gtr. London . Norwude 1176.

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Nosterfield N. Yorks . Nostrefeld 1204.

‘Open land with a sheep-fold or by a hillock’.
OE eowestre or ster + feld, with N- from ME atten ‘at the’.

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Notgrove Glos. Natangrafum 716–43, Nategraua 1086 (DB).

‘Wet grove or copse’.
OE næt + grf.

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Notley, Black & Notley, White Essex . Hnutlea 998, Nutlea 1086 (DB), Blake Nuteleye 1252, White Nuteleye 1235.

‘Wood or clearing where nut-trees grow’.
OE hnutu + lah. Distinguishing affixes blæc and hwt may refer to soil colour or vegetation.

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Nottingham Notts. Snotengaham late 9th cent., Snotingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Snot’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm, with loss of S- in the 12th cent. due to Norman influence. Nottinghamshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Notting Hill Gtr. London . Knottynghull 1356.

Possibly ‘hill at the place associated with a man called Cnotta’.
OE pers. name + -ing + hyll. Alternatively Notting may be a family name from KNOTTING (Beds.).

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Nottington Dorset. Notinton 1212.

‘Estate associated with a man called Hnotta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Notton W. Yorks . Notone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where wether sheep are kept’.
OE hnoc + tn.

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Notton Wilts . Natton 1232.

‘Cattle farm’.
OE nat + tn.

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Nuffield Oxon. Tofeld c.1181.

Probably ‘tough open land’.
OE th + feld, with change to initial N-only from the 14th cent.

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Nunburnholme E. R. Yorks . Brunha' 1086 (DB), Nonnebrynholme 1530.

‘(Place at) the springs or streams’.
OScand. brunnr in a dative plural form brunnum, with later affix from the Benedictine nunnery here.

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Nuneaton Warwicks . Etone 1086 (DB), Nonne Eton 1247.

‘Farmstead by a river’.
OE a + tn, with later affix from the Benedictine nunnery founded here in the 12th cent.

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Nuneham Courtenay Oxon. Neuham 1086 (DB), Newenham Courteneye 1320.

‘New homestead or village’.
OE nwe (dative nwan) + hm. Manorial affix from the Curtenay family, here in the 13th cent.

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Nun Monkton N. Yorks. ,

see MONKTON.

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Nunney Somerset . Nuni 954, Nonin (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Nunna’,
OE pers. name + g. Alternatively the first element may be
OE nunne ‘a nun’.

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Nunnington N. Yorks . Noningtune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Nunna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Nunthorpe Middlesbr. Torp 1086 (DB), Nunnethorp 1240.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of the nuns’.
OScand. thorp, with later affix from the medieval nunnery here.

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Nursling Hants . Nhutscelle c.800, Notesselinge 1086 (DB).

‘Nutshell place’, probably indicating a small abode or settlement.
OE hnutu + scell + -ing.

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Nutbourne W. Sussex, near Pulborough . Nordborne 1086 (DB).

‘North stream’.
OE north + burna.

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Nutfield Surrey . Notfelle 1086 (DB).

‘Open land where nut-trees grow’.
OE hnutu + feld.

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Nuthall Notts. Nutehale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land where nut-trees grow’.
OE hnutu + halh.

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Nuthampstead Herts. Nuthamstede c.1150.

‘Homestead where nut-trees grow’.
OE hnutu + hm-stede.

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Nuthurst W. Sussex . Nothurst 1228.

‘Wooded hill where nut-trees grow’.
OE hnutu + hyrst.

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Nutley E. Sussex . Nutleg 1249.

‘Wood or clearing where nut-trees grow’.
OE hnutu + lah.

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Nyetimber W. Sussex, near Pagham . Neuetunbra 12th cent.

‘New timbered building’.
OE nwe + timbre.

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Nymet Rowland & Nymet, Tracey Devon . Nymed 974, Limet (sic) 1086 (DB), Nimet Rollandi 1242, Nemethe Tracy 1270.

Celtic nimet ‘holy place’ (probably also an old name of the River Yeo). Manorial affixes from possession by a man called Roland in the 12th cent. and by the de Trascy family in the 13th.

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Nympsfield Glos. Nymdesfelda 862, Nimdesfelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land by the holy place’.
Celtic nimet + OE feld.

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Nympton,

‘farmstead near the river called Nymet’ (probably an old name for the River Mole),
Celtic nimet ‘holy place’ + OE tn: Nympton, Bishop's Devon . Nimetone 1086 (DB), Bysshopes Nymet 1334. Affix from its possession by the Bishop of Exeter in 1086. Nympton, George Devon . Nimet 1086 (DB), Nymeton Sancti Georgij 1291. Affix from the dedication of the church. Nympton, King's Devon . Nimetone 1086 (DB), Kyngesnemeton 1254. Affix from its status as a royal manor in 1066.

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Nynehead Somerset . Nigon Hidon 11th cent., Nichehede 1086 (DB).

‘(Estate of) nine hides’.
OE nigon + hd.

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Nyton W. Sussex . Nyton 1327.

Probably ‘new farmstead’.
OE nge + tn, or ‘farmstead on an island of dry ground in marsh’ if the first element is eg (with N- from ME atten ‘at the’).

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O

Oadby Leics. Oldebi (sic) 1086 (DB), Outheby 1199.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Authi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Oake Somerset . Acon 11th cent., Acha 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the oak-trees’.
OE c in a dative plural form cum.

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Oaken Staffs . Ache 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Oakengates Shrops. Okenyate 1414.

‘The gate or gap where oak-trees grow’.
OE cen + geat.

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Oakenshaw W. Yorks . Akescahe 1246.

‘Copse where oak-trees grow’.
OE cen + sceaga.

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Oakford Devon . Alforda (sic) 1086 (DB), Acford 1166.

‘Ford by the oak-tree(s)’.
OE c + ford.

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Oakham Rutland . Ocham 1067, Ocheham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Oc(c)a’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Oakhanger Hants. Acangre 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded slope where oak-trees grow’.
OE c + hangra.

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Oakington Cambs. Hochinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hocca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Oakle Street Glos. Acle c.1270.

‘Wood or clearing where oak-trees grow’.
OE c + lah. Later affix street probably refers to its situation on a Roman road.

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Oakley,

a fairly common name, ‘wood or clearing where oak-trees grow’,
OE c + lah; examples include: Oakley Beds. Achelai 1086 (DB). Oakley Dorset. Ocle 1327. Oakley, Great Essex . Accleia 1086 (DB).

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Oakmere Ches. Ocmare 1277.

‘(Place at) the lake where oak-trees grow’.
OE c + mere.

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Oaksey Wilts . Wochesie 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or well-watered land, of a man called Wocc’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Oakthorpe Leics. Achetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Áki’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Oakworth W. Yorks . Acurde 1086 (DB).

‘Oak-tree enclosure’.
OE c + worth.

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Oare,

‘(place at) the shore or hill-slope’,
OE ra: Oare Kent . Ore 1086 (DB). Oare Wilts . Oran 934.

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Oare Somerset . Are 1086 (DB).

Named from the stream here, now called Oare Water. This is an ancient pre-Celtic river-name identical with the River Ayr in Scotland.

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Oborne Dorset. Womburnan 975, Wocburne 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the crooked or winding stream’.
OE wh + burna.

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Occlestone Green Ches. Aculuestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called cwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Occold Suffolk . Acholt c.1050, Acolt 1086 (DB).

‘Oak-tree wood’.
OE c + holt.

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Ockbrook Derbys . Ochebroc 1086 (DB).

‘Brook of a man called Occa’.
OE pers. name + brc.

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Ockendon, North (Gtr. London ) & Ockendon, South (Essex ). Wokendune c.1070, Wochenduna 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Wocca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Ockham Surrey . Bocheham (sic) 1086 (DB), Hocham 1170.

Possibly ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Occa’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Ockley Surrey . Hoclei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Occa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Ocle Pychard Heref. & Worcs. Aclea c.1030, Acle 1086 (DB), Acle Pichard 1242.

‘Oak-tree wood or clearing’.
OE c + lah. Manorial affix from the Pichard family, here in the 13th cent.

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Odcombe Somerset . Udecome 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of a man called Uda’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Oddingley Heref. & Worcs. Oddingalea 816, Oddunclei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Odda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Oddington Oxon. Otendone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Otta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Odell Beds. Wadehelle 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where woad is grown’.
OE wd + hyll.

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Odiham Hants. Odiham 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded homestead or enclosure’.
OE wudig + hm or hamm.

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Odstock Wilts . Odestoche 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Od(d)a’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Odstone Leics. Odestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Oddr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Offa's Dyke (linear rampart forming ancient boundary between England and Wales ). Offedich 1184.

‘Dyke or earthwork traditionally associated with the 8th cent. Mercian king Offa’, from
OE dc.

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Offchurch Warwicks. Offechirch 1139.

‘Church of a man called Offa’.
OE pers. name + cirice.

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Offenham Heref. & Worcs. Offeham 709, Offenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Offa or Uffa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Offham E. Sussex . Wocham c.1092.

Probably ‘crooked homestead or enclosure’.
OE wh + hm or hamm.

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Offham Kent . Offaham 10th cent.

‘Homestead of a man called Offa’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Offley,

‘woodland clearing of a man called Offa’,
OE pers. name + lah: Offley, Bishops & Offley, High Staffs . Offeleia 1086 (DB). Affix Bishops is from early possession by the Bishop of Lichfield. Offley, Great Herts. Offanlege 944–6, Offelei 1086 (DB).

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Offord Cluny & Offord Darcy Cambs. Upeforde, Opeforde 1086 (DB), Offord Clunye 1257, Offord Willelmi Daci 1220.

‘Upper ford’.
OE upp(e) + ford. Manorial affixes from early possession by the monks of Cluny Abbey in France and by the Dacy (or le Daneys) family.

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Offton Suffolk . Offetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Offa’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Offwell Devon . Offewille 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Uffa’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Ogbourne St Andrew & Ogbourne St George Wilts . Oceburnan 10th cent., Ocheburne 1086 (DB), Okeborne Sancti Andree 1289, Okeburne Sancti Georgii 1332.

‘Stream of a man called Occa’.
OE pers. name + burna. Distinguishing affixes from the church dedications.

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Ogle Northum. Hoggel 1170.

Possibly ‘hill of a man called Ocga’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Ogwell, East & Ogwell, West Devon . Wogganwylle 956, Wogewille 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Wocga’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Okeford, Child, & Okeford Fitzpaine Dorset. Acford 1086 (DB), Childacford 1227, Ocford Fitz Payn 1321.

‘Oak-tree ford’.
OE c + ford. Affixes are from
OE cild ‘noble-born son’ (probably with reference to some early owner) and from the Fitz Payn family, here from the 13th cent.

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Okehampton Devon . Ocmundtun c.970, Ochenemitona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Okement’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘swift stream’) + OE tn.

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Old

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Old Alresford (Hants.) see ALRESFORD.

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Old Northants. Walda 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the woodland or forest’.
OE wald.

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Oldberrow Warwicks. Ulenbeorge 709, Oleberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or mound of a man called Ulla’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Oldbury,

‘old fortification or stronghold’,
OE (e)ald + burh (dative byrig): Oldbury Kent . Ealdebery 1302. Oldbury Shrops. Aldeberie 1086 (DB). Oldbury Warwicks. Aldburia 12th cent. Oldbury W. Mids. Aldeberia 1174. Oldbury on the Hill Glos. Ealdanbyri 972, Aldeberie 1086 (DB). Affix ‘on the Hill’ first used in the 18th cent. Oldbury upon Severn S. Glos. Aldeburhe 1185.

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Oldham Gtr. Manch. Aldholm 1226–8.

‘Old promontory’.
OE ald + OScand. holmr.

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Old Hurst Cambs. Waldhirst 1227.

‘Wooded hill by the wold or forest’.
OE wald + hyrst.

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Oldland S. Glos. Aldelande 1086 (DB).

‘Old or long-used cultivated land’.
OE ald + land.

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Ollerton,

‘farmstead where alder-trees grow’,
OE alor + tn: Ollerton Ches. Alretune 1086 (DB). Ollerton Notts. Alretun 1086 (DB).

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Olney Bucks. Ollanege 979, Olnei 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Olla’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Olton W. Mids. Alton 1221.

Possibly ‘old farmstead’.
OE ald + tn.

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Olveston S. Glos. Ævestune 955–9, Alvestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Ælf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ombersley Heref. & Worcs. Ambreslege 706.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a man called Ambre’,
OE pers. name + lah. Alternatively ‘woodland clearing of the bunting’ if the first element is rather
OE amer.

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Ompton Notts. Almuntone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Alhmund’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Onecote Staffs . Anecote 1199.

‘Lonely cottage(s)’.
OE na + cot.

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Ongar, Chipping & Ongar, High Essex . Aungre 1045, Angra 1086 (DB), Chepyngaungre 1314, Heyghangre 1339.

‘Pasture land’.
OE anger, with distinguishing affixes cping ‘market’ and hah ‘high’.

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Onibury Shrops. Aneberie 1086 (DB), Onebur 1247.

River-name (possibly ‘single river’, i.e. one formed by the uniting of two headwaters, from
OE na and a) + burh (dative byrig) ‘manor’.

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Onn, High Staffs . Otne (sic) 1086 (DB), Onna c.1130.

Probably Welsh onn ‘ash-trees’.

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Onneley Staffs . Anelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Onna’, or ‘isolated clearing’.
OE pers. name or na + lah.

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Orby Lincs. Heresbi (sic) 1086 (DB), Orreby c.1115.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Orri’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Orchard, East & Orchard, West Dorset. Archet 939.

‘(Place) beside the wood’.
Celtic ar + cd.

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Orchard Portman Somerset . Orceard 854.

OE orceard ‘a garden or orchard’. Manorial affix from the Portman family, here in the 15th cent.

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Orcheston Wilts . Orc(h)estone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Ordrc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Orcop Heref. & Worcs. Orcop 1138.

‘Top of the slope or ridge’.
OE ra + copp.

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Ord, East Northum. Horde 1196.

‘Projecting ridge’.
OE rd.

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Ore E. Sussex . Ora 1121–5.

‘(Place at) the hill-slope or ridge’.
OE ra.

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Orford Ches. Orford 1332.

Possibly ‘upper ford’.
OE uferra + ford.

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Orford Suffolk . Oreford 1164.

Possibly ‘ford near the shore’.
OE ra + ford. The river-name Ore is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Orgreave Staffs . Ordgraue 1195.

Probably ‘pointed grove or copse’.
OE ord + grfe.

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Orleton Heref. & Worcs., near Leominster. Alretune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where alder-trees grow’.
OE alor + tn.

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Orlingbury Northants. Ordinbaro (sic) 1086 (DB), Ordelinberg 1202.

Probably ‘hill associated with a man called Ordla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + beorg.

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Ormesby, Ormsby,

usually ‘farmstead or village of a man called Ormr’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Ormesby Middlesbr. Ormesbi 1086 (DB). Ormesby St Margaret & Ormesby St Michael Norfolk . Ormesby c.1020, Ormesbei 1086 (DB). Ormsby, North Lincs. Vrmesbyg 1066–8, Ormesbi 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Ormsby, South Lincs. Ormesbi 1086 (DB), Ormeresbi early 12th cent. ‘Farmstead of a man called Ormarr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Ormside, Great & Ormside, Little Cumbria . Ormesheued c.1140.

‘Headland of a man called Ormr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE hafod. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. ormr ‘snake’.

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Ormskirk Lancs. Ormeshirche c.1190.

‘Church of a man called Ormr’.
OScand. pers. name + kirkja.

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Orpington Gtr. London . Orpedingtun 1032, Orpinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Orped’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Orrell,

possibly ‘hill where ore is dug’,
OE ra + hyll: Orrell Gtr. Manch. Horhill 1202. Orrell Mersey . Orhul 1299.

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Orsett Essex . Orseathan 957, Orseda 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the pits where (iron) ore is dug’.
OE ra + sath (dative plural -um).

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Orston Notts. Oschintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called sica’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Orton,

usually ‘higher farmstead’, or ‘farmstead by a ridge or bank’,
OE uferra or ofer or fer + tn: Orton Cumbria . Overton 1239. Orton Northants. Overtone 1086 (DB). Orton Longueville & Orton Waterville Cambs. Ofertune 958, Ovretune 1086 (DB), Ouerton Longavill 1247, Ouertone Wateruile 1248. Manorial affixes from the de Longauilla and de Waltervilla families, here in the 12th cent. Orton on the Hill Leics. Wortone (sic) 1086 (DB), Overton c.1215.
However the following has a different origin: Orton, Great & Orton, Little Cumbria . Orreton 1210. ‘Farmstead of a man called Orri’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Orwell Cambs. Ordeuuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring by a pointed hill’.
OE ord + wella.

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Orwell (river) Suffolk. Arewan 11th cent., Orewell 1341.

An ancient pre-Celtic river-name of uncertain meaning, to which has been added
OE wella ‘stream’.

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Osbaldeston Lancs. Ossebaldiston c.1200.

‘Farmstead of a man called sbald’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Osbaston Leics. Sbernestun (sic) 1086 (DB), Osberneston 1200.

‘Farmstead of a man called Ásbjrn’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Osborne I. of Wight . Austeburn 1316.

Probably ‘stream at the sheepfold’.
OE eowestre + burna.

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Osbournby Lincs. Osbernebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ásbjn’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Osgathorpe Leics. Osgodtorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Ásgautr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Osgodby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Ásgautr’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Osgodby Lincs., near Market Rasen. Osgotebi 1086 (DB). Osgodby N. Yorks . Asgozbi 1086 (DB).

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Osmaston Derbys., near Derby . Osmundestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called smund’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Osmington Dorset. Osmingtone 934, Osmentone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called smund’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Osmotherley N. Yorks . Asmundrelac (sic) 1086 (DB), Osmunderle 1088.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ásmundr’.
OScand. pers. name (genitive -ar) + OE lah.

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Ospringe Kent . Ospringes 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(place at) the spring’.
OE or-spring or of-spring.

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Ossett W. Yorks . Osleset 1086 (DB).

‘Fold of a man called sla’, or ‘fold frequented by blackbirds’.
OE pers. name or OE sle + set.

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Ossington Notts. Oschintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called sica’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Osterley Gtr. London . Osterle 1274.

‘Woodland clearing with a sheepfold’.
OE eowestre + lah.

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Oswaldkirk N. Yorks . Oswaldescherca 1086 (DB).

‘Church dedicated to St swald’.
OE pers. name + cirice (replaced by OScand. kirkja).

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Oswaldtwistle Lancs. Oswaldestwisel 1246.

‘River-junction of a man called swald’.
OE pers. name + twisla.

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Oswestry Shrops. Oswaldestroe 1191.

‘Tree of a man called swald’.
OE pers. name + trow. The traditional connection with St Oswald, 7th cent. king of Northumbria, is uncertain.

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Otford Kent . Otteford 832, Otefort 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Otta’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Otham Kent . Oteham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Otta’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Othery Somerset . Othri 1225.

Probably ‘the other or second island’.
OE ther + g.

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Otley,

‘woodland clearing of a man called Otta’,
OE pers. name + lah:Otley Suffolk . Otelega 1086 (DB). Otley W. Yorks . Ottanlege c.972, Otelai 1086 (DB).

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Otterbourne, Otterburn,

‘stream frequented by otters’,
OE oter + burna: Otterbourne Hants. Oterburna c.970, Otreburne 1086 (DB). Otterburn Northum. Oterburn 1217. Otterburn N. Yorks . Otreburne 1086 (DB).

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Otterden Kent . Otringedene 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland pasture of the family or followers of a man called Oter’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + denn.

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Otterham Cornwall . Otrham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure or river-meadow by the River Ottery’.
OE river-name (‘otter stream’, OE oter + a) + hamm.

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Otterington, North & Otterington, South N. Yorks . Otrinctun 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Oter’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ottershaw Surrey . Otershaghe c.890.

‘Small wood frequented by otters’.
OE oter + sceaga.

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Otterton Devon . Otritone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the River Otter’.
OE river-name (see OTTERY) + tn.

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Ottery St Mary Devon . Otri 1086 (DB), Otery Sancte Marie 1242.

Named from the River Otter, ‘stream frequented by otters’,
OE oter + a. Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Ottery, Venn Devon . Fenotri 1156.

‘Marshy land by the River Otter’.
OE fenn, see previous name.

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Ottringham E. R. Yorks. Otringeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Oter’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Oughtibridge S. Yorks. Uhtiuabrigga 1161.

Probably ‘bridge of a woman called htgifu’.
OE pers. name + brycg.

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Oulston N. Yorks . Uluestun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wulf or Ulfr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Oulton Cumbria . Ulveton c.1200.

‘Farmstead of a man called Wulfa’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Oulton Norfolk . Oulstuna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Authulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Oulton Suffolk . Aleton 1203.

‘Farmstead of a man called Áli’, or ‘old farmstead’.
OScand. pers. name or OE ald + tn. Oulton Broad contains broad in the sense ‘extensive piece of water’, see BROADS.

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Oulton W. Yorks . Aleton 1180.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Oundle Northants. Undolum c.710–20, Undele 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the tribe called Undalas’.
OE tribal name (meaning possibly ‘those without a share’ or ‘undivided’).

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Ousby Cumbria . Uluesbi 1195.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Ousden Suffolk . Uuesdana 1086 (DB).

‘Valley frequented by owls’.
OE f + denu.

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Ouseburn, Great & Ouseburn, Little N. Yorks . Useburne 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the stream flowing into the River Ouse’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name (meaning simply ‘water’) + OE burna.

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Ousefleet E. R. Yorks. Useflete 1100–8.

‘(Place at) the channel of the River Ouse’.
OE flot, see previous name.

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Ouston Durham . Vlkilstan 1244–9.

‘Boundary stone of a man called Ulfkell’.
OScand. pers. name + OE stn.

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Out Rawcliffe Lancs. ,

see RAWCLIFFE.

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Outwell Norfolk . Wellan 963, Utuuella 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the spring or stream’.
OE wella, with affix te ‘outer, lower downstream’ to distinguish it from UPWELL.

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Outwood,

‘outlying wood’, that is ‘wood on the outskirts of a manor or parish’,
OE t + wudu; examples include: Outwood Surrey, recorded thus in 1640. Outwood W. Yorks . Outewode 1436.

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Ovenden W. Yorks . Ovenden 1219.

Probably ‘valley of a man called fa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + denu.

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Over

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Over Compton (Dorset) see COMPTON.

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Over,

‘(place at) the ridge or slope’,
OE ofer: Over Cambs. Ouer 1060, Ovre 1086 (DB). Over Ches. Ovre 1086 (DB). Over S. Glos. Ofre 1005.

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Overbury Heref. & Worcs. Uferebiri 875, Ovreberie 1086 (DB).

‘Upper fortification’.
OE uferra + burh (dative byrig).

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Overseal Derbys. ,

see NETHERSEAL.

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Overstone Northants. Oveston 12th cent.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Ufic’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Overstrand Norfolk . Othestranda (sic) 1086 (DB), Overstrand 1231.

‘Land along the shore’.
OE fer + strand.

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Overton,

a fairly common name, usually ‘higher farmstead’,
OE uferra + tn; examples include: Overton Hants. Uferantun 909, Ovretune 1086 (DB). Overton, West Wilts . Uferantune 939, Ovretone 1086 (DB).
However some Overtons may have a different origin, ‘farmstead by a ridge or bank’,
OE ofer or fer + tn; examples include: Overton Lancs. Ouretun 1086 (DB). Overton N. Yorks . Ovretun 1086 (DB). Overton, Market Leics. Overtune 1086 (DB), Marketesoverton 1200. Affix is
ME merket referring to the early market here.

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Oving,

‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called fa’,
OE pers. name + -ingas: Oving Bucks. Olvonge (sic) 1086 (DB), Vuinges 12th cent. Oving W. Sussex . Uuinges 956.

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Ovingdean E. Sussex . Hovingedene 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of the family or followers of a man called fa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + denu.

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Ovingham Northum. Ovingeham 1238.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called fa’, or ‘homestead at fa's place’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm.

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Ovington,

usually ‘estate associated with a man called fa’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Ovington Essex. Ouituna 1086 (DB). Ovington Hants. Ufinctune c.970. Ovington Norfolk . Uvinton 1202.
However the following have a different origin: Ovington Durham . Ulfeton 1086 (DB). ‘Estate associated with a man called Wulfa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Ovington Northum. Ofingadun 699–705. ‘Hill of the family or followers of a man called fa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + dn.

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Ower Hants., near Copythorne . Hore 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the bank or slope’.
OE ra.

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Owermoigne Dorset. Ogre 1086 (DB), Oure Moyngne 1314.

Probably ‘the wind-gap(s)’, from a
British (Celtic) ogrodrust-, referring to gaps in the chalk hills which funnel winds off the sea. Manorial affix from the Moigne family, here in the 13th cent.

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Owersby, North & Owersby, South Lincs. Aresbi, Oresbi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Ávarr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Owmby,

probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Authunn’,
OScand. pers. name + bý, though alternatively the first element may be
OScand. authn ‘uncultivated land, deserted farm’: Owmby Lincs. Odenebi 1086 (DB). Owmby-by-Spital Lincs. Ounebi 1086 (DB). See SPITAL.

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Owslebury Hants. Oselbyrig c.970.

‘Stronghold of a man called sla’, or ‘stronghold frequented by blackbirds’.
OE pers. name or OE sle + burh (dative byrig).

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Owston Leics. Osulvestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called swulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Owston S. Yorks. Aust(h)un 1086 (DB).

‘East farmstead’.
OScand. austr + OE tn.

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Owston Ferry N. Lincs. Ostone 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Owstwick E. R. Yorks. Osteuuic 1086 (DB).

‘Eastern outlying farm’.
OScand. austr (possibly replacing OE ast) + OE wc.

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Owthorpe Notts. Ovetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Úfi or fa’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Oxborough Norfolk . Oxenburch 1086 (DB).

‘Fortification where oxen are kept’.
OE oxa + burh.

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Oxendon, Great Northants. Oxendone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where oxen are pastured’.
OE oxa (genitive plural oxna) + dn.

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Oxenholme Cumbria . Oxinholme 1274.

‘River-meadow where oxen are pastured’.
OE oxa (genitive plural oxna) + OScand. holmr.

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Oxenhope W. Yorks . Hoxnehop 12th cent.

‘Valley where oxen are kept’.
OE oxa (genitive plural oxna) + hop.

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Oxenton Glos. Oxendone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where oxen are pastured’.
OE oxa (genitive plural oxna) + dn.

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Oxford Oxon. Oxnaforda 10th cent., Oxeneford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford used by oxen’.
OE oxa (genitive plural oxna) + ford. Oxfordshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Oxhey Herts. Oxangehæge 1007.

‘Enclosure for oxen’.
OE oxa (genitive plural oxna) + (ge)hæg.

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Oxhill Warwicks. Octeselve 1086 (DB).

‘Shelf or ledge of a man called Ohta’.
OE pers. name + scelf.

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Oxley W. Mids. Oxelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where oxen are pastured’.
OE oxa + lah.

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Oxshott Surrey . Okesseta 1179.

‘Projecting piece of land of a man called Ocga’.
OE pers. name + scat.

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Oxspring S. Yorks. Ospring (sic) 1086 (DB), Oxspring 1154.

‘Spring frequented by oxen’.
OE oxa + spring.

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Oxted Surrey . Acstede 1086 (DB).

‘Place where oak-trees grow’.
OE c + stede.

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Oxton Notts. Oxetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where oxen are kept’.
OE oxa + tn.

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Oxwick Norfolk . Ossuic (sic) 1086 (DB), Oxewic 1242.

‘Farm where oxen are kept’.
OE oxa + wc.

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Ozleworth Glos. Oslan wyrth 940, Osleuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called sla’, or ‘enclosure frequented by blackbirds’.
OE pers. name or OE sle + worth.

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P

Packington Leics. Pakinton 1043, Pachintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Pac(c)a’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Padbury Bucks. Pateberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place of a man called Padda’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Paddington Gtr. London . Padington c.1050.

‘Estate associated with a man called Padda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Paddlesworth Kent, near Folkestone . Peadleswurthe 11th cent.

‘Enclosure of a man called Pæddel’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Paddock Wood Kent . Parrok 1279.

OE pearroc ‘small enclosure, paddock’.

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Padiham Lancs. Padiham 1251.

Possibly ‘homestead or enclosure associated with a man called Padda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + hm or hamm.

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Padley, Upper & Padley, Nether Derbys . Paddeley c.1230.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Padda’, or ‘one frequented by toads’.
OE pers. name or OE padde + lah.

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Padstow Cornwall . Sancte Petroces stow 11th cent.

‘Holy place of St Petroc’.
Cornish saint's name + OE stw.

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Padworth Berks. Peadanwurthe 956, Peteorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Peada’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Pagham W. Sussex . Pecganham 680, Pageham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or promontory of a man called Pæcga’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Paglesham Essex . Paclesham 1066, Pachesham (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Pæccel’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Paignton Devon . Peintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Pga’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Pailton Warwicks. Pallentuna 1077.

‘Estate associated with a man called Pægel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Painswick Glos. Wiche 1086 (DB), Painswike 1237.

‘The dwelling or dairy farm’.
OE wc. Later manorial affix from Pain Fitzjohn who held the manor in the early 12th cent.

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Pakefield Suffolk . Paggefella 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Pacca’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Pakenham Suffolk . Pakenham c.950, Pachenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Pacca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Palgrave Suffolk . Palegrave 962, Palegraua 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘grove where poles are got’.
OE pl + grf.

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Palgrave, Great Norfolk . Pag(g)raua 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘grove of a man called Paga’.
OE pers. name + grf.

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Palling, Sea Norfolk . Pallinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Pælli’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. Affix from its coastal situation.

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Palmers Green Gtr. London . Palmers grene 1608.

Village green named from a family called Palmer, known in this area from the 13th cent.

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Palterton Derbys . Paltertune c.1002, Paltretune 1086 (DB).

OE tn ‘farmstead’ with an uncertain first element.

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Pamber Hants. Penberga 1165.

Probably ‘hill with a fold or enclosure’.
OE penn + beorg.

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Pamphill Dorset. Pamphilla 1168.

Possibly ‘hill of a man called Pampa or Pempa’,
OE pers. name + hyll, but the first element may be an
OE word pamp meaning ‘hill’.

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Pampisford Cambs. Pampesuuorde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Pamp’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Pancrasweek Devon . Pancradeswike 1197.

‘Hamlet with a church dedicated to St Pancras’.
OE wc.

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Panfield Essex . Penfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land by the River Pant’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘valley’) + OE feld.

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Pangbourne Berks. Pegingaburnan 844, Pangeborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream of the family or followers of a man called Pga’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + burna. The river-name Pang is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Pannal N. Yorks . Panhal 1170.

‘Panshaped nook of land’.
OE panne + halh.

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Panton Lincs. Pantone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead near a hill or pan-shaped feature’.
OE pamp or panne + tn.

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Panxworth Norfolk . Pankesford 1086 (DB).

OE ford ‘a ford’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Papcastle Cumbria . Pabecastr 1260.

‘Roman fort occupied by a hermit’.
OScand. papi + OE cæster.

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Papplewick Notts. Papleuuic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm in the pebbly place’.
OE papol + wc.

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Papworth Everard & St Agnes Cambs. Pappawyrthe 1012, Papeuuorde 1086 (DB), Pappewrth Everard 1254, Anneys Papwrth 1241.

‘Enclosure of a man called Pappa’.
OE pers. name + worth. Manorial affixes from 12th cent. owners called Evrard and Agnes.

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Par Cornwall . Le Pare 1573.

Probably ‘the cove or harbour’, from Cornish porth.

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Paradise,

a name found in several counties, usually bestowed on a spot considered particularly pleasant, from
ME paradis; examples include Paradise Glos., near Painswick , recorded as Paradys 1327.

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Parbold Lancs. Perebold 1200.

‘Dwelling where pears grow’.
OE peru + bold.

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Pardshaw Cumbria . Perdishaw c.1205.

‘Hill or mound of a man called Perd(i)’.
OE pers. name + OScand. haugr.

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Parham Suffolk . Perreham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure where pears grow’.
OE peru + hm or hamm.

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Parkgate Ches. ,

a self-explanatory name for this former port taken from the Parkgate 1610, this referring to the gate of the former park at NESTON.

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Parkham Devon . Percheham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure with paddocks’.
OE pearroc + hamm.

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Parkhurst, Parkhurst Forest I. of Wight . Perkehurst c.1200.

‘The wooded hill in the hunting park’, from
OE hyrst with ME park. This ‘park’ was a royal chase or forest from the time of Domesday Book.

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Parkstone Dorset. Parkeston 1326.

‘The park (boundary) stone’, from
OE stn with ME park, this probably referring to a medieval hunting park in CANFORD.

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Parley, West Dorset. Perlai 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing where pears grow’.
OE peru + lah.

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Parndon, Great Essex . Perenduna 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where pears grow’.
OE peren + dn.

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Parracombe Devon . Pedrecumbe, Pedracomba 1086 (DB), Parrecumbe 1238, Pearecumbe 1297.

Possibly ‘valley of the pedlars’, from
OE peddere (genitive plural peddera) + cumb. Alternatively, if the DB forms are corrupt, the first element may be
OE pearroc ‘an enclosure’.

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Parson Drove Cambs. Personesdroue 1324.

‘Cattle road used by or belonging to a parson’.
ME persone + drove.

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Partington Gtr. Manch. Partinton 1260.

‘Estate associated with a man called Pearta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Partney Lincs. Peartaneu 731, Partenay 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Pearta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Parwich Derbys . Piowerwic 963, Pevrewic 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘dairy farm on the River Pever’.
Lost Celtic river-name (meaning ‘bright stream’) + OE wc.

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Passenham Northants. Passanhamme early 10th cent., Passeham 1086 (DB).

‘River-meadow of a man called Passa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hamm.

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Paston Norfolk . Pastuna 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Pæcci’,
OE pers. name + tn.Alternatively the first element may be an
OE pæsc(e) ‘muddy place, pool’.

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Patcham E. Sussex . Piceham (sic) 1086 (DB), Peccham c.1090.

Possibly ‘homestead of a man called Pæcca’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Patching W. Sussex . Pæccingas 960, Petchinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Pæcc(i)’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Patchway S. Glos. Petshagh 1276.

‘Enclosure of a man called Pot’.
OE pers. name + haga.

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Pateley Bridge N. Yorks . Pathlay 1202.

‘Woodland clearing near the path(s)’.
OE pæth + lah.

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Patney Wilts . Peattanige 963.

‘Island or well-watered land of a man called Peatta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Patrick Brompton N. Yorks. ,

see BROMPTON.

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Patrington E. R. Yorks. Patringtona 1033, Patrictone 1086 (DB).

OE tn ‘farmstead, estate’ with an uncertain first element, probably a pers. name or folk-name.

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Patrixbourne Kent . Borne 1086 (DB), Patricburn 1215.

‘Estate on the river called Burna’ (from
OE burna ‘stream’ referring to the Little Stour), with later affix from William Patricius who held the manor in the 12th cent.

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Patterdale Cumbria . Patrichesdale c.1180.

‘Valley of a man called Patric’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. dalr.

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Pattingham Staffs . Patingham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called P(e)atta’, or ‘homestead at P(e)atta's place’.
OE pers. name + -inga-or -ing + hm.

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Pattishall Northants. Pascelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Patesshille 12th cent.

‘Hill of a man called Pætti’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Paul Cornwall . ‘Church of Beatus Paulus, or of Sanctus Paulinus’ 1259.

From the patron saint of the church, St Paul or Paulinus.

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Paulerspury Northants. Pirie 1086 (DB), Pirye Pavely c.1280.

Originally ‘(place at) the pear-tree’, from
OE pirige. Manorial affix from the de Pavelli family who held the manor from 1086, thus distinguishing this place from neighbouring POTTERSPURY.

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Paull E. R. Yorks. Pagele 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the stake (marking a landing-place)’.
OE pagol.

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Paulton B. & NE. Som. Palton 1171.

‘Farmstead on a ledge or hill-slope’.
OE peall + tn.

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Pavenham Beds. Pabeneham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or river-meadow of a man called Papa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Paxton, Great & Paxton, Little Cambs. Pachstone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Pæcc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Payhembury Devon . Hanberie 1086 (DB), Paihember 1236.

‘High or chief fortified place’.
OE hah (dative han) + burh (dative byrig). Later manorial affix from possession by a man called Pga.

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Paythorne Lancs. Pathorme 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘thorn-tree of a man called Pái’.
OScand. pers. name + thorn.

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Peacehaven E. Sussex ,

a recent name for this new resort, chosen to commemorate the end of the First World War.

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Peak District Derbys . Pecsætna lond 7th cent., Pec 1086.

OE pac ‘a peak, a pointed hill’, once applied to some particular hill but used of a larger area from early times. The first form means ‘land of the peak dwellers’, with
OE ste + land. The medieval hunting forest here is referred to from the 13th cent. (e.g. foresta de Pecco 1223), this in turn giving name to the village of Peak Forest Derbys. (Peake Forest 1577).

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Peakirk Cambs. Pegecyrcan 1016.

‘Church of St Pega’.
OE female saint's name + OE cirice (replaced by OScand. kirkja).

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Peasemore Berks. Praxemere (sic) 1086 (DB), Pesemere 1166.

‘Pond by which peas grow’.
OE pise + mere.

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Peasenhall Suffolk . Pesehala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land where peas grow’.
OE pisen + halh.

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Pease Pottage W. Sussex , recorded as Peaspottage Gate 1724,

probably a reference to soft muddy ground.

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Peasmarsh E. Sussex . Pisemerse 12th cent.

‘Marshy ground where peas grow’.
OE pise + mersc.

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Peatling Magna & Parva Leics. Petlinge 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Potla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Pebmarsh Essex . Pebeners 1086 (DB).

‘Ploughed field of a man called Pybba’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + ersc.

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Pebworth Heref. & Worcs. Pebewrthe 848, Pebeworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Peobba’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Peckforton Ches. Pevreton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead at the ford by a peak or hill’.
OE pac + ford + tn.

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Peckham,

‘homestead by a peak or hill’,
OE pac + hm: Peckham Gtr. London . Pecheham 1086 (DB). Peckham Rye (-Rithe 1520) is from
OE rth ‘stream’. Peckham, East & Peckham, West Kent . Peccham 10th cent., Pecheham 1086 (DB).

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Peckleton Leics. Pechintone (sic) 1086 (DB), Petlington 1180.

‘Estate associated with a man called Peohtel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Pedmore W. Mids. Pevemore (sic) 1086 (DB), Pubemora 1176.

‘Marsh of a man called Pybba’.
OE pers. name + mr.

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Pegswood Northum. Peggiswrth 1242.

‘Enclosure of a man called Pecg’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Pelaw Tyne & Wear. Pellowe 1242.

Possibly ‘mound or hill of a man called Pola’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Peldon Essex . Piltendone c.950, Peltenduna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill of a man called Pylta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Pelham, Brent, Furneux, & Stocking Herts. Peleham 1086 (DB), Barndepelham 1230, Pelham Furnelle 1240, Stokenepelham 1235.

‘Homestead or village of a man called Pola’.
OE pers. name + hm. Distinguishing affixes from
OE bærned ‘burnt, destroyed by fire’, from the de Fornellis family here in the 13th cent., and from
OE stoccen ‘made of logs’ or ‘by the tree-stumps’.

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Pelsall W. Mids. Peoleshale 996, Peleshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Pol’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Pelton Durham . Pelton 1312.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Pola’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Pelynt Cornwall . Plunent 1086 (DB).

‘Parish of Nennyd’.
Cornish plu + saint's name.

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Pembridge Heref. & Worcs. Penebruge 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘bridge of a man called Pena or Pgna’.
OE pers. name + brycg.

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Pembury Kent . Peppingeberia c.1100.

Possibly ‘fortified place of the family or followers of a man called Pepa or the like’.
OE (?) pers. name + -inga- + burh (dative byrig).

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Penare Cornwall . Pennarth 1284.

‘The headland’.
Cornish penn-ardh.

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Pencombe Heref. & Worcs. Pencumbe 12th cent.

Probably ‘valley with an enclosure’.
OE penn + cumb.

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Pencoyd Heref. & Worcs. Pencoyt 1291.

‘Wood's end’.
Celtic penn + coid.

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Pencraig Heref. & Worcs. Penncreic c.1150.

‘Top of the crag or rocky hill’.
Celtic penn + creig.

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Pendlebury Gtr. Manch. Penelbiri 1202.

‘Manor by the hill called Penn’.
Celtic penn ‘hill’ + explanatory OE hyll + burh (dative byrig).

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Pendleton Lancs. Peniltune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the hill called Penn (Pendle Hill)’.
Celtic penn ‘hill’ + explanatory OE hyll + tn.

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Pendock Heref. & Worcs. Penedoc 875, 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘hill where barley is grown’.
Celtic penn + heiddiog.

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Penge Gtr. London . Penceat 1067.

‘Wood's end’, or ‘chief wood’.
Celtic penn + cd.

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Penhurst E. Sussex . Penehest (sic) 1086 (DB), Peneherste 12th cent.

Possibly ‘wooded hill of a man called Pena’.
OE pers. name + hyrst.

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Penistone S. Yorks. Pengestone 1086 (DB), Peningeston 1199.

Probably ‘farmstead by a hill called Penning’.
Celtic penn ‘hill’ + OE -ing + tn.

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Penketh Ches. Penket 1242.

‘Wood's end’.
Celtic penn + cd.

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Penkridge Staffs . Pennocrucium 4th cent., Pancriz 1086 (DB).

‘Chief mound or tumulus’.
Celtic penn + crg. The river-name Penk is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Penn,

‘(place at) the hill’,
Celtic penn: Penn Bucks. Penna 1188. Penn, Lower (Staffs .) & Penn, Upper (W. Mids. ) Penne 1086 (DB).

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Pennard, East & Pennard, West Somerset . Pengerd 681, Pennarminstre 1086 (DB).

Celtic penn ‘hill’ with either garth ‘ridge’ or ardd ‘high’. The Domesday form contains
OE mynster ‘large church’.

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Pennines, The,

a name first appearing in the 18th cent. and of unknown origin, perhaps based partly on the
Celtic element penn ‘hill’ or an invention influenced by the name Apennines for the Italian mountain range.

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Pennington,

probably ‘farmstead paying a penny rent’,
OE pening + tn: Pennington Cumbria . Pennigetun 1086 (DB). Pennington, Lower Hants. Penyton 12th cent.

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Penny Bridge Cumbria ,

a recent name, from a local family called Penny.

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Penrith Cumbria . Penrith c.1100.

‘Hill ford’ or ‘chief ford’.
Celtic penn + rïd.

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Penruddock Cumbria . Penreddok 1278.

Celtic penn ‘hill’ or ‘chief’, with an uncertain second element.

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Penryn Cornwall . Penryn 1236.

‘The promontory or headland’.
Cornish penn rynn.

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Pensax Heref. & Worcs. Pensaxan 11th cent.

‘Hill of the Anglo-Saxons’.
Celtic penn + Sachson. The order of elements is Celtic.

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Pensby Mersey . Penisby c.1229.

‘Farmstead or village at a hill called Penn’.
Celtic penn ‘hill’ + OScand. bý.

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Penselwood Somerset . Penne 1086 (DB), Penne in Selewode 1345.

Celtic penn ‘hill’ with the later addition ‘in SELWOOD’.

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Pensford B. & NE. Som. Pensford 1400.

OE ford ‘a ford’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Penshurst Kent . Pensherst 1072.

Possibly ‘wooded hill of a man called Pefen’.
OE pers. name + hyrst.

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Pentire, West Pentire Cornwall . Pentir c.1270.

‘The headland’.
Cornish penn tir.

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Pentlow Essex . Pentelawe c.1045, Pentelauua 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill or tumulus of a man called Penta’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Pentney Norfolk . Penteleiet (sic) 1086 (DB), Pentenay 1200.

Possibly ‘island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Penta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Penton Mewsey Hants. Penitone 1086 (DB), Penitune Meysi 1264.

‘Farmstead paying a penny rent’.
OE pening + tn. Manorial affix from the de Meisy family, here in the 13th cent.

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Pentrich Derbys . Pentric 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the boar’.
Celtic penn + tyrch.

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Pentridge Dorset. Pentric 762, 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Penwith Cornwall ,

see ST JUST.

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Penwortham, Higher & Penwortham Lower Lancs. Peneverdant (sic) 1086 (DB), Penuertham 1149.

Probably ‘enclosed homestead at a hill called Penn’.
Celtic penn ‘hill’ + OE worth + hm.

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Penzance Cornwall . Pensans 1284.

‘Holy headland’.
Cornish penn + sans.

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Peopleton Heref. & Worcs. Piplincgtun 972, Piplintune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Pyppel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Peover, Lower & Peover, Over Ches. Pevre 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Peover,
a Celtic river-name meaning ‘the bright one’.

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Peper Harow Surrey . Pipereherge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘heathen temple of the pipers’.
OE ppere + hearg.

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Perivale Gtr. London . Pyryvale 1508.

‘Pear-tree valley’.
ME perie + vale.

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Perranarworthal Cornwall . Arewethel 1181, ‘church of Sanctus Pieranus in Arwothel’ 1388.

‘Parish of St Piran (in the place) beside the marsh’.
Cornish saint's name + ar + goethel.

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Perranporth Cornwall . St Perins creeke 1577, Perran Porth 1810.

‘Cove or harbour of St Piran's parish’, from English dialect porth, with reference to PERRANZABULOE.

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Perranuthnoe Cornwall . Odenol 1086 (DB), ‘church of Sanctus Pieranus of Udno’ 1373.

‘Parish of St Piran in the manor of Uthno’ (meaning obscure).

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Perranzabuloe Cornwall . Lanpiran 1086 (DB), Peran in Zabulo 1535.

‘Parish of St Piran in the sand’.
Cornish saint's name (with lann ‘church-site’ in the first form) + Latin in sabulo.

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Perrott,

named from the River Parrett, a pre-English river-name of obscure origin: Perrott, North Somerset . Peddredan c.1050, Peret 1086 (DB). Perrott, South Dorset. Pedret 1086 (DB), Suthperet 1268.

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Perry Barr W. Mids. Pirio 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the pear-tree’.
OE pirige. It is close to GREAT BARR.

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Pershore Heref. & Worcs. Perscoran 972, Persore 1086 (DB).

‘Slope or bank where osiers grow’.
OE persc + ra.

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Pertenhall Beds. Partenhale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Pearta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Perton Staffs . Pertona 1167.

‘Farmstead where pears grow’.
OE peru + tn.

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Peterborough Cambs. Burg 1086 (DB), Petreburgh 1333.

‘St Peter's town’.
OE burh, with saint's name from the dedication of the abbey. The original monastery here, founded in the 7th cent., was called Medeshamstede, ‘homestead of a man called Mde’,
OE pers. name + hm-stede. The Soke of Peterborough is from
OE scn ‘district under a particular jurisdiction’.

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Peterchurch Heref. & Worcs. Peterescherche 1302.

‘Church dedicated to St Peter’.
OE cirice.

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Peterlee Durham ,

a recent name, created to commemorate the trade union leader Peter Lee (died 1935).

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Petersfield Hants. Peteresfeld 1182.

Probably ‘(settlement at) the open land with a church dedicated to St Peter’.
OE feld.

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Petersham Gtr. London . Patricesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or river-bend land of a man called Peohtrc’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Peters Marland Devon ,

see MARLAND.

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Peterstow Heref. & Worcs. Peterestow 1207.

‘Holy place of St Peter’.
OE stw.

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Peter Tavy Devon ,

see TAVY.

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Petham Kent . Piteham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure in a hollow’.
OE pytt + hm or hamm.

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Petherick, Little Cornwall . ‘Parish of Sanctus Petrocus Minor’ 1327.

From the dedication of the church to St Petrock.

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Petherton,

‘farmstead on the River Parrett’,
pre-English river-name of obscure origin + OE tn: Petherton, North Somerset .Nordperet, Peretune 1086 (DB). Petherton, South Somerset . Sudperetone 1086 (DB).

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Petherwin,

‘(church of) Padern the blessed’, from the Cornish patron saint of the church + gwynn ‘blessed’: Petherwin, North Cornwall . North Piderwine 1259. Petherwin, South Cornwall . Suthpydrewyn 1269.

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Petrockstow Devon . Petrochestou 1086 (DB).

‘Holy place of St Petrock’,
Cornish saint's name + OE stw.

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Pett E. Sussex . Pette 1195.

‘(Place at) the pit’.
OE pytt.

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Pettaugh Suffolk . Petehaga 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Pota’.
OE pers. name + haga.

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Pettistree Suffolk . Petrestre 1253.

‘Tree of a man called Peohtrd’.
OE pers. name + trow.

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Petton Devon . Peteton c.1150.

‘Farmstead of a man called Peatta’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Petton Shrops. Pectone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on or by a pointed hill’.
OE pac + tn.

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Petts Wood Gtr. London ,

named from a ship-building family called Pett recorded as having a lease of oak woods in Chislehurst in 1577.

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Petworth W. Sussex . Peteorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Pota’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Pevensey E. Sussex . Pefenesea 947, Pevenesel 1086 (DB).

‘River of a man called Pefen’.
OE pers. name + a.

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Pewsey Wilts . Pefesigge c.880, Pevesie 1086 (DB).

‘Island or well-watered land of a man called Pefe’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Pexall, Lower Ches. Pexhull 1274.

‘Hill called Pac’.
OE pac ‘hill’ + hyll.

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Phillack Cornwall . ‘Church of Sancta Felicitas’ (sic) 1259, Felok 1388.

From the dedication of the church to a St Felek.

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Philleigh Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Filius’ 1312.

From the dedication of the church to a St Fily.

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Pickenham, North & Pickenham, South Norfolk . Pichenham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village of a man called Pca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Pickering N. Yorks . Picheringa 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Pcer’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Pickhill N. Yorks . Picala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land by the pointed hills’, or ‘nook of a man called Pca’.
OE pc or pers. name + halh.

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Picklescott Shrops. Pikelescote 1204.

Probably ‘cottage(s) of a man called Pcel’,
OE pers. name + cot. Alternatively the first element could be an
OE hill-name Pcel ‘pointed hill’, a derivative of OE pc ‘point’.

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Pickmere Ches. Pichemere 12th cent.

‘Lake where pike are found’.
OE pc + mere.

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Pickwell Leics. Pichewell 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream by the pointed hill(s)’.
OE pc + wella.

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Pickwick Wilts . Pykewyke 1268.

Probably ‘dairy farm on or by a pointed spur of land’.
OE pc + wc.

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Pickworth,

‘enclosure of a man called Pca’,
OE pers. name + worth: Pickworth Lincs. Picheuuorde 1086 (DB). Pickworth Rutland . Pichewurtha 1170.

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Picton,

‘farmstead of a man called Pca’,
OE pers. name + tn: Picton Ches. Picheton 1086 (DB). Picton N. Yorks . Piketon 1200.

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Piddinghoe E. Sussex . Pidingeho 12th cent.

‘Hill-spur of the family or followers of a man called Pyda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hh.

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Piddington,

‘estate associated with a man called Pyda’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Piddington Northants. Pidentone 1086 (DB). Piddington Oxon. Petintone 1086 (DB).

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Piddlehinton Dorset. Pidele 1086 (DB), Pidel Hineton 1244.

‘Estate on the River Piddle belonging to a religious community’.
OE river-name (pidele ‘a marsh or fen’) + hwan + tn.

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Piddle, North & Piddle, Wyre Heref. & Worcs. Pidele(t) 1086 (DB), Northpidele 1271, Wyre Pidele 1208.

Named from Piddle Brook (
OE pidele ‘a marsh or fen’). Affix Wyre is probably from WYRE FOREST.

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Piddletrenthide Dorset. Uppidelen 966, Pidrie 1086 (DB), Pidele Trentehydes 1212.

‘Estate on the River Piddle assessed at thirty hides’.
OE river-name (seePIDDLEHINTON) + OFrench trente + OE hd.

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Pidley Cambs. Pydele 1228.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Pyda’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Piercebridge Durham . Persebrigc c.1050.

Probably ‘bridge where osiers grow’.
OE persc + brycg.

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Pigdon Northum. Pikedenn 1205.

‘Valley of a man called Pca, or by the pointed hills’.
OE pers. name or OE pc + denu.

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Pilgrims Hatch Essex . Pylgremeshacch 1483.

‘Hatch-gate used by pilgrims’ (to the chapel of St Thomas).
ME pilegrim + OE hæcc.

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Pilham Lincs. Pileham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure made with stakes’.
OE pl + hm or hamm.

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Pillaton Cornwall . Pilatona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead made with stakes’.
OE pl + tn.

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Pillerton Hersey & Priors Warwicks. Pilardintone 1086 (DB), Pilardinton Hersy, Pilardinton Prior 1247.

‘Estate associated with a man called Plheard’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Manorial affixes from possession by the de Hersy family, here in the 13th cent., and by the Prior of Sheen.

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Pilley S. Yorks. Pillei 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing where stakes are obtained’.
OE pl + lah.

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Pilling Lancs. Pylin c.1195.

Named from the River Pilling, probably
OE pyll ‘creek’ + -ing.

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Pilning S. Glos. Pyllyn 1529.

Probably ‘district by the creek or stream’.
OE pyll + ende.

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Pilsbury Derbys . Pilesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place of a man called Pl’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Pilsdon Dorset. Pilesdone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill with a peak’, or ‘hill marked by a stake’.
OE pl + dn.

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Pilsley Derbys., near Clay Cross . Pilleslege c.1002, Pinneslei 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a man called Pinnel’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Pilton Rutland . Pilton 1202.

Probably ‘farmstead by a stream’.
OE pyll + tn.

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Pilton Northants. Pilchetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Pleca’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Pilton Somerset . Piltune 725, Piltone 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with PILTON (Rutland).

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Pimperne Dorset. Pimpern 935, Pinpre 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘five trees’ from
Celtic pimp + prenn, or ‘place among the hills’ from a derivative of an OE word pimp ‘hill’.

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Pinchbeck Lincs. Pincebec 1086 (DB).

‘Minnow stream’, or ‘finch ridge’.
OE pinc or pinca + bece (influenced by OScand.bekkr) or bæc (locative bece).

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Pinhoe Devon . Peonho c.1050, Pinnoc 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur called Pen’.
Celtic penn ‘hill’ + OE hh.

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Pinner Gtr. London . Pinnora 1232.

‘Peg-shaped or pointed ridge or bank’.
OE pinn + ra. The river-name Pinn is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Pinvin Heref. & Worcs. Pendefen 1187.

‘Fen of a man called Penda’.
OE pers. name + fenn.

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Pinxton Derbys . Penkeston 1208.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Penec’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Pipe Heref. & Worcs. Pipe 1086 (DB).

OE ppe ‘a pipe, a conduit’, originally referring to the stream here.

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Pipe Ridware Staffs. ,

see RIDWARE.

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Pipewell Northants. Pipewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream with a pipe or conduit’.
OE ppe + wella.

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Pirbright Surrey . Perifrith 1166.

‘Sparse woodland where pear-trees grow’.
OE pirige + fyrhth.

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Pirton,

‘pear orchard, or farmstead where pear-trees grow’,
OE pirige + tn: Pirton Heref. & Worcs. Pyritune 972, Peritune 1086 (DB). Pirton Herts. Peritone 1086 (DB).

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Pishill Oxon. Pesehull 1195.

‘Hill where peas grow’.
OE pise + hyll.

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Pitchcott Bucks. Pichecote 1176.

‘Cottage or shed where pitch is made or stored’.
OE pic + cot.

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Pitchford Shrops. Piceforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford near a place where pitch is found’.
OE pic + ford.

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Pitcombe Somerset . Pidecombe 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘marsh valley’.
OE pide + cumb.

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Pitminster Somerset . Pipingmynstre 938, Pipeminstre 1086 (DB).

‘Church associated with a man called Pippa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + mynster.

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Pitney Somerset . Petenie 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Pytta or Pota’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Pitsea Essex . Piceseia 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Pc’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Pitsford Northants. Pitesford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Peoht’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Pitstone Bucks. Pincelestorne (sic) 1086 (DB), Pichelesthorne 1220.

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Pcel’.
OE pers. name + thorn.

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Pittington Durham . Pittindun c.1085.

‘Hill associated with a man called Pytta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + dn.

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Pitton Wilts . Putenton 1165.

‘Farmstead of a man called Putta, or one frequented by hawks’.
OE pers. name or OE putta + tn.

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Plaish Shrops. Plesc, Plæsc 963, Plesham 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the shallow pool.
OE plæsc.

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Plaistow W. Sussex . La Pleyestowe 1271.

‘Place for play or sport’.
OE pleg-stw. The same name occurs in other counties.

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Plaitford Hants. Pleiteford 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford where play or sport takes place’.
OE pleget + ford.

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Plawsworth Durham . Plauworth 1297.

Possibly ‘enclosure for play or sport’.
OE plaga + worth, but the first element might be a pers. name.

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Plaxtol Kent . Plextole 1386.

‘Place for play or sport’.
OE pleg-stw.

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Playden E. Sussex . Pleidena 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland pasture where play or sport takes place’.
OE plega + denn.

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Playford Suffolk . Plègeforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where play or sport takes place’.
OE plega + ford.

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Plealey Shrops. Pleyle 1256.

‘Woodland clearing where play or sport takes place’.
OE plega + lah.

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Pleasington Lancs. Plesigtuna 1196.

‘Estate associated with a man called Plsa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Pleasley Derbys . Pleseleia 1166.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Plsa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Plenmeller Northum. Playnmelor 1279.

Probably ‘top of the bare hill’.
Celtic blain + ml + brez.

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Pleshey Essex . Plaseiz c.1150.

OFrench plaisseis ‘an enclosure made with interlaced fencing’.

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Plowden Shrops. Plaueden 1252.

‘Valley where play or sport takes place’.
OE plaga + denu.

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Pluckley Kent . Pluchelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Plucca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Plumbland Cumbria . Plumbelund c.1150.

‘Plum-tree grove’.
OE plme + OScand. lundr.

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Plumley Ches. Plumleia 1119.

‘Plum-tree wood or clearing’.
OE plme + lah.

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Plumpton,

‘farmstead where plum-trees grow’,
OE plme + tn: Plumpton Cumbria . Plumton 1212. Plumpton E. Sussex . Pluntune 1086 (DB). Plumpton, Great & Plumpton, Little Lancs. Pluntun 1086 (DB).

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Plumstead,

‘place where plum-trees grow’,
OE plme + stede: Plumstead Gtr. London . Plumstede 961–9, Plumestede 1086 (DB). Plumstead Norfolk, near Holt . Plumestede 1086 (DB). Plumstead, Great & Plumstead, Little Norfolk . Plumesteda 1086 (DB).

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Plumtree Notts. Pluntre 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the plum-tree’.
OE plm-trow.

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Plungar Leics. Plungar c.1125.

‘Triangular plot where plum-trees grow’.
OE plme + gra.

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Plush Dorset. Plyssch 891.

‘(Place at) the shallow pool’.
OE plysc.

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Plymouth Devon . Plymmue 1230.

‘Mouth of the River Plym’.
OE mtha with a river-name formed from the next name by the process of ‘back-formation’.

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Plympton Devon . Plymentun c.905, Plintona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the plum-tree’.
OE plme + tn.

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Plymstock Devon . Plemestocha 1086.

Probably ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet connected with PLYMPTON’.
OE stoc.

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Plymtree Devon . Plumtrei 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the plum-tree’.
OE plm-trow.

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Pockley N. Yorks . Pochelac (sic) 1086 (DB), Pokelai c.1190.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Poca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Pocklington E. R. Yorks. Poclinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Pocela’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Podimore Somerset ,

probably identical in origin with PODMORE.

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Podington Beds. Podintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Poda or Puda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Podmore Staffs . Podemore 1086 (DB).

‘Marsh frequented by toads or frogs’.
ME pode + OE mr.

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Pointon Lincs. Pochinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Pohha’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Polden Hills Somerset ,

see CHILTON POLDEN.

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Polebrook Northants. Pochebroc 1086 (DB).

‘Brook by a pouch-shaped feature’,
OE pohha + brc. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE poc(c)e ‘frog’.

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Polegate E. Sussex , first recorded as Powlegate Corner 1563.

‘Gate by the pool’, from
ME po(o)le.

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Polesworth Warwicks. Polleswyrth c.1000.

‘Enclosure of a man called Poll’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Poling W. Sussex . Palinges 1199.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Pl’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Pollicott, Upper Bucks. Policote 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘cottage(s) associated with a man called Poll’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cot.

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Pollington E. R. Yorks. Pouelington c.1185.

‘Farmstead associated with a piece of ground called Pofel’.
OE pofel (of uncertain meaning) + -ing- + tn.

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Polperro Cornwall . Portpira 1303.

Probably ‘harbour of a man called Pyra’. Cornish porth + pers. name.

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Polruan Cornwall . Porthruan 1284.

‘Harbour of a man called Ruveun’. Cornish porth + pers. name.

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Polsham Somerset . Paulesham 1065.

‘Enclosure of a man called Paul’.
ME pers. name + OE hamm.

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Polstead Suffolk . Polstede c.975, Polesteda 1086 (DB).

‘Place by a pool’.
OE pl + stede.

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Poltimore Devon . Pultimore 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘marshy ground of a man called Pulta’.
OE pers. name + mr.

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Polyphant Cornwall . Polefand, Polofant 1086 (DB).

‘Toad's pool’.
OCornish pol + lefant.

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Pontefract W. Yorks . Pontefracto 1090.

‘Broken bridge’.
Latin pons + fractus.

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Ponteland Northum. Punteland 1203.

‘Cultivated land by the river called Pont’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘valley’) + OE a-land.

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Pontesbury Shrops. Pantesberie 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘fortified place of a man called Pant’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Ponton, Great & Ponton, Little Lincs. Pamptune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead by a hill’.
OE pamp + tn.

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Pool, Poole,

usually ‘(place at) the pool or creek’,
OE pl: Poole Dorset. Pole 1183. Poole Keynes Glos. Pole 10th cent., 1086 (DB). Pool , South Devon . Pole 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Pool W. Yorks . Pofle c.1030, Pouele 1086 (DB). From an
OE word pofel of uncertain meaning.

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Pooley Bridge Cumbria . Pulhoue 1252.

‘Hill or mound by a pool’.
OE pl + OScand. haugr.

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Poorton, North & Poorton, South Dorset. Pourtone 1086 (DB).

OE tn ‘farmstead’ with an obscure first element which may be an old river-name.

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Popham Hants. Popham 903, Popeham 1086 (DB).

OE hm ‘homestead’ or hamm ‘enclosure’ with an uncertain first element, possibly an
OE pop(p) ‘pebble’.

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Poplar Gtr. London . Popler 1327.

‘(Place at) the poplar tree’.
ME popler.

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Poppleton, Nether & Poppleton, Upper York. Popeltune c.972, Popletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on pebbly soil’.
OE popel + tn.

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Poringland, East Norfolk . Porringalanda 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land or estate of a tribe called the Porringas’. Obscure first element
(probably an OE pers. name) + -inga- + land.

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Porlock Somerset . Portloca 10th cent., Portloc 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure by the harbour’.
OE port + loca.

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Portbury N. Som. Porberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place near the harbour’.
OE port + burh (dative byrig).

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Portchester Hants. Porteceaster c.960, Portcestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman fort by the harbour’.
OE port + ceaster.

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Portesham Dorset. Porteshamme 1024, Portesham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure belonging to the town’ (probably referring to ABBOTSBURY).
OE port + hamm.

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Port Gate Northum. Portyate 1269.

OE port ‘gate’ with explanatory
OE geat ‘gate’, referring to the gap in Hadrian's Wall where Watling Street runs through it.

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Porthallow Cornwall, near Manaccan . Worthalaw (sic) 967, Porthaleu 1333.

‘Cove or harbour by a stream called Alaw’.
Cornish porth + river-name (probably pre-Celtic) of uncertain meaning.

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Porthleven Cornwall . Port-levan c.1605.

‘Smooth harbour’, Cornish porth + leven. Alternatively ‘harbour of the stream called Leven (the smooth one)’.

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Portington E. R. Yorks. Portinton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead belonging to a market town’.
OE port + -ing- + tn.

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Portinscale Cumbria . Porqeneschal c.1160.

‘Shielings of the townswomen’.
OE port-cwn(e) + OScand. skáli.

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Port Isaac Cornwall . Portusek 1337.

From Cornish porth ‘cove, harbour’ with an uncertain second element,
possibly an adjective usek meaning literally ‘characterized by chaff’ but perhaps referring to tidal debris.

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Portishead N. Som. Portesheve (sic) 1086 (DB), Portesheved 1200.

‘Headland by the harbour’.
OE port + hafod.

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Portland, Isle of Dorset. Port 9th cent., Portlande 862, Porland 1086 (DB).

‘Estate by the harbour’.
OE port + land. Portland Bill , recorded from 1649, is from
OE bile ‘a bill, a beak’ used topographically for ‘promontory’.

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Portlemouth, East Devon . Porlamuta (sic) 1086 (DB), Porthelemuthe 1308.

Possibly ‘harbour estuary’, from
Cornish porth + heyl with OE mtha ‘mouth’. Alternatively ‘mouth of the harbour stream’, from
OE port + wella + mtha.

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Porton Wilts . Portone 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with POORTON (Dorset).

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Portsdown Hants. Portesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill by the harbour’.
OE port + dn.

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Portsea Hants. Portesig 982.

‘Harbour island’.
OE port + g.

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Portslade by Sea E. Sussex . Porteslage (sic) 1086 (DB), Portes Ladda c.1095.

Probably ‘crossing-place near the harbour’.
OE port + geld.

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Portsmouth Hants. Portesmuthan late 9th cent.

‘Mouth of the harbour’.
OE port + mtha.

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Port Sunlight Mersey. ,

a modern name for the late 19th-cent. model village, called after the brand-name of the soap made here.

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Portswood Hants. Porteswuda 1045.

‘Wood belonging to the market town’.
OE port + wudu.

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Poslingford Suffolk . Poslingeorda 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Possel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + worth.

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Postling Kent . Postinges (sic) 1086 (DB), Postlinges 1212.

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Possel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Postwick Norfolk . Possuic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Possa’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Potsgrove Beds. Potesgrave 1086 (DB).

‘Grove near a pit or pot-hole’.
OE pott + grf.

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Potter Brompton N. Yorks. ,

see BROMPTON.

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Potterhanworth Lincs. Haneworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Hana’.
OE pers. name + worth, the later affix referring to pot-making here.

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Potter Heigham Norfolk ,

see HEIGHAM.

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Potterne Wilts . Poterne 1086 (DB).

‘Building where pots are made’.
OE pott + ærn.

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Potters Bar Herts. Potterys Barre 1509.

‘Forest-gate of a family called Potter’.
ME surname + barre.

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Potterspury Northants. Perie 1086 (DB), Potterispirye 1287.

Originally ‘(place at) the pear-tree’, from
OE pirige, with later affix Potters-‘of the pot-maker(s)’ from the pottery here. See PAULERSPURY.

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Potter Street Essex . Potters streete 1594.

Named from a family called le Pottere (‘the potmaker’) here in the 13th cent.

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Potto N. Yorks . Pothow 1202.

‘Mound or hill by a pit or where pots were found’.
OE pott + OScand. haugr.

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Potton Beds. Pottun c.960, Potone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where pots are made’.
OE pott + tn.

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Pott Shrigley Ches. ,

see SHRIGLEY.

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Poughill Cornwall . Pochehelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Pochewell 1227.

‘Spring or stream by a feature resembling a pouch or bag’, or ‘spring or stream of a man called Pohha’.
OE pohha or pers. name + wella.

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Poughill Devon . Pochehille 1086 (DB).

‘Bag-shaped hill’, or ‘hill of a man called Pohha’.
OE pohha or pers. name + hyll.

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Poulshot Wilts . Paveshou (sic) 1086 (DB), Paulesholt 1187.

‘Wood of a man called Paul’.
ME pers. name + OE holt.

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Poulton,

‘farmstead by a pool or creek’,
OE pull or pl + tn: Poulton Glos. Pultune 855. Poulton Mersey., near Seacombe . Pulton 1260. Poulton-le-Fylde Lancs. Poltun 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘in the district called The Fylde’, from
OE filde ‘a plain’ (recorded as Filde 1246).

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Poundon Bucks. Paundon 1255.

OE dn ‘hill’ with an uncertain first element.

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Poundstock Cornwall . Pondestoch 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet with a pound for animals’.
OE pund + stoc.

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Powderham Devon . Poldreham 1086 (DB).

‘Promontory in reclaimed marshland’.
OE polra + hamm.

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Powerstock Dorset. Povrestoch 1086 (DB).

OE stoc ‘outlying farmstead’ with the same obscure first element as in POORTON.

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Powick Heref. & Worcs. Poincguuic 972, Poiwic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or farm associated with a man called Pohha’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + wc.

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Poxwell Dorset. Poceswylle 987, Pocheswelle 1086 (DB).

‘Steeply rising ground of a man called Poca’, or ‘spring of a man called Poc’.
OE pers. name + swelle or wella.

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Poynings W. Sussex . Puningas 960, Poninges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Pn(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Poyntington Dorset. Ponditone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Punt’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Poynton Ches. Povinton 1249.

‘Estate associated with a man called Pofa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Poynton Green Shrops. Peventone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Pofa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Pratt's Bottom Gtr. London ,

first recorded in 1801, ‘valley associated with a family called Pratt’ (known in this area from the 14th cent.), from
OE botm.

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Prawle, East Devon . Prenla (sic) 1086 (DB), Prahulle 1204.

Probably ‘look-out hill’.
OE prw + hyll.

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Preen, Church Shrops. Prene 1086 (DB), Chircheprene 1256.

OE pron ‘a brooch, a pin’, perhaps used figuratively of some landscape feature here, with later affix
OE cirice.

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Prees Shrops. Pres 1086 (DB).

‘(Place by) the brushwood or thicket’.
OWelsh pres.

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Preesall Lancs. Pressouede 1086 (DB).

‘Brushwood headland’.
OWelsh pres + OScand. hfuth or OE hafod.

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Prendwick Northum. Prendewic 1242.

‘Dwelling or farm of a man called Prend’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Prenton Mersey . Prestune (sic) 1086 (DB), Prenton 1260.

‘Farmstead of a man called Præn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Prescot(t),

‘priests’ cottage(s)’,
OE prost + cot; for example Prescot Mersey . Prestecota 1178.

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Prestbury,

‘manor of the priests’,
OE prost + burh (dative byrig): Prestbury Ches. Presteberi 1181. Prestbury Glos. Preosdabyrig c.900, Presteberie 1086 (DB).

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Presthope Shrops. Presthope 1167.

‘Valley of the priests’.
OE prost + hop.

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Preston,

a common name, ‘farmstead of the priests’,
OE prost + tn; examples include: Preston Dorset. Prestun 1228. Preston E. R. Yorks. Prestone 1086 (DB). Preston E. Sussex . Prestetone 1086 (DB). Preston Lancs. Prestune 1086 (DB). Preston Northum. Preston 1242. Preston Bissett Bucks. Prestone 1086 (DB), Preston Byset 1327. Manorial affix from the Biset family, holders of the manor from the 12th cent. Preston Capes Northants. Prestetone 1086 (DB), Preston Capes 1300. Manorial affix from the de Capes family, here in the 13th cent. Preston Gubbals Shrops. Prestone 1086 (DB), Preston Gobald 1292. Manorial affix from a priest called Godebold who held the manor in 1086. Preston, Long N. Yorks . Prestune 1086 (DB). Affix refers to the length of the village. Preston-under-Scar N. Yorks . Prestun 1086 (DB), Preston undescar 1568. Affix means ‘under the rocky hill’ from
OScand. sker. Preston Wynne Heref. & Worcs. Prestetune 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from a family called la Wyne here in the 14th cent.

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Preston Candover Hants. ,

see CANDOVER.

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Prestwich Gtr. Manch. Prestwich 1194.

‘Dwelling or farm of the priest(s)’.
OE prost + wc.

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Prestwick Northum. Prestwic 1242.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Prickwillow Cambs. Prickewylev 1251.

Probably ‘willow-tree from which skewers or goads were made’.
OE pricca + wilig.

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Priddy Somerset . Pridia 1182.

Probably ‘earth house’.
Celtic prith + tïz.

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Primethorpe Leics. Torp 1086 (DB), Prymesthorp 1316.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Prim’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Princes Risborough Bucks. ,

see RISBOROUGH.

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Princethorpe Warwicks. Prandestorpe 1221.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Præn or Pren’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Princetown Devon ,

a modern name, called after the Prince Regent, later George IV (1820–30).

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Priors Hardwick Warwicks. ,

see HARDWICK.

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Priors Marston Warwicks. ,

see MARSTON.

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Priston B. & NE. Som. Prisctun 931, Prisctone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near the brushwood or copse’.
OWelsh prisc + OE tn.

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Prittlewell Essex . Pritteuuella 1086 (DB).

‘Babbling spring or stream’.
OE pritol + wella.

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Privett Hants. Pryfetes flodan late 9th cent.

‘(Place at) the privet copse’.
OE pryfet (with flde ‘channel, gutter’ in the early form).

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Probus Cornwall . Sanctus Probus 1086 (DB).

From the dedication of the church to St Probus.

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Prudhoe Northum. Prudho 1173.

‘Hill-spur of a man called Prda’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Puckeridge Herts. Pucherugge 1294.

‘Raised strip or ridge haunted by a goblin’.
OE pca + ric or hrycg.

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Puckington Somerset . Pokintuna 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Pca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Pucklechurch S. Glos. Pucelancyrcan 950, Pulcrecerce 1086 (DB).

‘Church of a man called Pcela’.
OE pers. name + cirice.

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Puddington,

‘estate associated with a man called Put(t)a’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Puddington Ches. Potitone 1086 (DB). Puddington Devon . Potitone 1086 (DB).

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Puddletown Dorset. Pitretone (sic) 1086 (DB), Pideleton 1212.

‘Farmstead on the River Piddle’.
OE river-name (pidele ‘a marsh or fen’) + tn.

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Pudleston Heref. & Worcs. Pillesdune (sic) 1086 (DB), Putlesdone 1212.

‘Hill of the mouse-hawk or of a man called Pyttel’.
OE pyttel or pers. name + dn.

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Pudsey W. Yorks . Podechesaie 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Pudoc, or by the hill called “the Wart”’.
OE pers. name or puduc + hæg.

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Pulborough W. Sussex . Poleberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or mound by the pools’.
OE pl, pull + beorg.

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Pulford Ches. Pulford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by a pool or on a stream’.
OE pl or pull + ford.

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Pulham,

‘homestead or enclosure by the pools or streams’,
OE pl or pull + hm or hamm: Pulham Dorset. Poleham 1086 (DB). Pulham Market & Pulham St Mary Norfolk . Polleham c.1050, Pullaham 1086 (DB). Affixes from the important market here and from the dedication of the church.

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Pulloxhill Beds. Polochessele 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Pulloc’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Pulverbatch, Church Shrops. Polrebec 1086 (DB), Puluerbach 1262, Chyrche Pulrebach 1272.

OE bæce ‘stream-valley’ with an uncertain first element which may be an old stream-name. Affix is
ME churche ‘church’ to distinguish this place from Castle Pulverbatch , Castelpolrebache 1301, with affix
ME castel ‘castle’.

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Puncknowle Dorset. Pomacanole 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hillock of a man called Puma’.
OE pers. name + cnoll.

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Purbeck, Isle of Dorset. Purbicinga 948, Porbi 1086 (DB).

‘Beak-shaped ridge frequented by the bittern or snipe’.
OE pr + bic. In the earliest spelling the name is combined with a form of
OE -ingas ‘dwellers in’.

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Purbrook Hants. Pukebrok 1248.

‘Brook haunted by a goblin’.
OE pca + brc.

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Purfleet Essex . Purteflyete 1285.

‘Creek or stream of a man called Purta’.
OE pers. name + flot.

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Puriton Somerset . Peritone 1086 (DB).

‘Pear orchard, or farmstead where pear-trees grow’.
OE pirige + tn.

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Purleigh Essex . Purlea 998, Purlai 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing frequented by the bittern or snipe’.
OE pr + lah.

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Purley Berks. Porlei 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Purley Gtr. London . Pirlee 1200.

‘Wood or clearing where pear-trees grow’.
OE pirige + lah.

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Purse Caundle Dorset ,

see CAUNDLE.

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Purslow Shrops. Possalau 1086 (DB).

‘Tumulus of a man called Pussa’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Purston Jaglin W. Yorks . Preston 1086 (DB), Preston Jakelin 1269.

‘Farmstead of the priests’.
OE prost + tn. Manorial affix from some early feudal tenant called Jakelyn.

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Purton,

‘pear orchard, or farmstead where pear-trees grow’,
OE pirige + tn: Purton Glos., near Berkeley . Piritone 1297. Purton Glos., near Lydney . Peritone 1086 (DB). Purton Wilts . Puritone 796, Piritone 1086 (DB).

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Pusey Oxon. Pesei 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, where peas grow’.
OE pise + g.

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Putford, West Devon . Poteforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Putta, or one frequented by hawks’.
OE pers. name or OE putta + ford.

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Putley Heref. & Worcs. Poteslepe (sic) 1086 (DB), Putelega c.1180.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Putta, or one frequented by hawks’.
OE pers. name or OE putta + lah.

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Putney Gtr. London . Putelei (sic) 1086 (DB), Puttenhuthe 1279.

‘Landing-place of a man called Putta, or one frequented by hawks’.
OE pers. name or OE putta (genitive -n) + hth.

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Puttenham,

‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Putta, or one frequented by hawks’,
OE pers. name or OE putta (genitive -n) + hm or hamm: Puttenham Herts. Puteham 1086 (DB). Puttenham Surrey . Puteham 1199.

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Puxton N. Som. Pukereleston 1212.

‘Estate of a family called Pukerel’.
OFrench surname + OE tn.

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Pyecombe W. Sussex . Picumba late 11th cent.

‘Valley infested with gnats or other insects’.
OE pe + cumb.

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Pylle Somerset . Pil 705, Pille 1086 (DB).

‘The tidal creek’.
OE pyll.

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Pyon, Canon & Pyon, Kings Heref. & Worcs. Pionie 1086 (DB), Pyone canonicorum 1221, Kings Pyon 1285.

‘Island infested with gnats or other insects’.
OE pe (genitive plural pona) + g. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by the canons of Hereford and the Crown.

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Pyrford Surrey . Pyrianforda 956, Peliforde (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by a pear-tree’.
OE pirige + ford.

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Pyrton Oxon. Pirigtune 987, Peritone 1086 (DB).

‘Pear orchard, or farmstead where pear-trees grow’.
OE pirige + tn.

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Pytchley Northants. Pihteslea 956, Pihteslea 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Peoht’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Pyworthy Devon . Paorda (sic) 1086 (DB), Peworthy 1239.

‘Enclosure infested with gnats or other insects’.
OE pe + worthig.

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Q

Quadring Lincs. Quedhaveringe 1086 (DB).

‘Muddy settlement of the family or followers of a man called Hæfer’.
OE cwad + OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Quainton Bucks. Chentone (sic) 1086 (DB), Quentona 1167.

‘The queen's farmstead or estate’.
OE cwn + tn.

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Quantock Hills Somerset . Cantucuudu 682.

Celtic hill name, possibly a derivative of an element canto-‘border or district’, with
OE wudu ‘wood’ in the early form.

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Quantoxhead, East & Quantoxhead, West Somerset . Cantocheve 1086 (DB).

‘Projecting ridge of the QUANTOCK HILLS’.
Celtic hill name + OE hafod.

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Quarley Hants. Cornelea 1167.

Probably ‘woodland clearing with a mill or where mill-stones are obtained’.
OE cweorn + lah.

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Quarndon Derbys . Cornun (sic) 1086 (DB), Querendon c.1200.

‘Hill where mill-stones are obtained’.
OE cweorn + dn.

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Quarrington Lincs. Corninctun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead at the mill-stone place’.
OE cweorn + -ing + tn.

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Quarrington Hill Durham . Querendune c.1190.

‘Hill where mill-stones are obtained’.
OE cweorn + dn.

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Quatford Shrops. Quatford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford in a district called Cwat(t)’.
OE ford with an OE name of obscure origin.

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Quatt Shrops. Quatone 1086 (DB), Quatte 1209.

From the same unexplained district-name as QUATFORD, with
OE tn ‘farmstead’ in the Domesday form.

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Quedgeley Glos. Quedesleya c.1140.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a man called Cwod’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Queenborough Kent . Queneburgh 1376.

‘Borough named after Queen Philippa’.
OE cwn + burh. Philippa was the wife of Edward III.

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Queen Camel Somerset ,

see CAMEL.

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Queen Charlton B. & NE Som. ,

see CHARLTON.

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Queensbury W. Yorks. ,

a modern name created in 1863; earlier the village was known as Queen's Head, the name of an inn here.

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Quendon Essex . Kuenadana 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of the women’.
OE cwene (genitive plural cwenena) + denu.

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Queniborough Leics. Cuinburg (sic) 1086 (DB), Queniburg 12th cent.

‘The queen's fortified manor’.
OE cwn + burh.

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Quenington Glos. Quenintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the women’, or ‘farmstead associated with a woman called Cwn’.
OE cwene (genitive plural cwenena) + tn, or OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Quernmore Lancs. Quernemor 1228.

‘Moor where mill-stones are obtained’.
OE cweorn + m.

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Quethiock Cornwall . Quedoc 1201.

‘Wooded place’.
OCornish cuidoc.

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Quidenham Norfolk . Cuidenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Cwida’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Quidhampton,

‘muddy home farm’, or ‘home farm with good manure’,
OE cwad + hm-tn: Quidhampton Hants. Quedementun 1086 (DB). Quidhampton Wilts . Quedhampton 1249.

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Quinton, Lower & Quinton Upper Warwicks. Quentone 848, Quenintune 1086 (DB).

‘The queen's farmstead or estate.’
OE cwn + tn.

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Quorndon Leics. Querendon c.1220.

‘Hill where mill-stones are obtained’.
OE cweorn + dn.

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Quy Cambs. ,

see STOW CUM QUY.

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R

Raby Mersey . Rabie 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village at a boundary’.
OScand. rá + bý.

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Rackenford Devon . Racheneforda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford suitable for riding, by a stretch of river’.
OE racu + ærne-ford.

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Rackham W. Sussex . Recham 1166.

Possibly ‘homestead or enclosure with a rick or ricks’.
OE hrac + hm or hamm.

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Rackheath Norfolk . Racheitha 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘landing-place near a gully or water-course’.
OE hraca or racu + hth.

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Radcliffe, Radclive,

‘the red cliff or bank’,
OE rad + clif: Radcliffe Gtr. Manch. Radecliue 1086 (DB). Radcliffe on Trent Notts. Radeclive 1086 (DB). For the river-name Trent, see NEWARK. Radclive Bucks. Radeclive 1086 (DB).

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Radcot Oxon. Rathcota 1163.

‘Red cottage’ or ‘reed cottage’ (i.e. with a roof thatched with reeds).
OE rad or hrod + cot.

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Radford Semele Warwicks. Redeford 1086 (DB), Radeford Symely 1314.

‘Redford’, i.e. where the soil is red.
OE rad + ford. Manorial affix from the Simely family, here in the 12th cent.

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Radipole Dorset. Retpole 1086 (DB).

‘Reedy pool’.
OE hrod + pl.

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Radlett Herts. Radelett 1453.

‘Junction of roads’.
OE rd + (ge)lt.

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Radley Oxon. Radelege c.1180.

‘Red wood or clearing’.
OE rad + lah.

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Radnage Bucks. Radenhech 1162.

‘(Place at) the red oak-tree’.
OE rad + c (dative c).

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Radstock B. & NE. Som. Stoche 1086 (DB), Radestok 1221.

‘Outlying farmstead by the road’ (here the Fosse Way).
OE rd + stoc.

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Radstone Northants. Rodestone 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the rood-stone or stone cross’.
OE rd-stn.

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Radway Warwicks. Radwei, Rodewei 1086 (DB), Radewey 1198.

Probably ‘red way’ from the colour of the soil here,
OE rad + weg. Alternatively ‘way fit for riding on’,
OE rd-weg.

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Radwell Beds. Radeuuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Red spring or stream’.
OE rad + wella.

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Radwinter Essex . Redeuuintra 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘red vineyard’, from
OE rad + winter. Alternatively ‘tree of a woman called Rdwynn’,
OE pers. name + trow.

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Ragdale Leics. Ragendele (sic) 1086 (DB), Rachedal c.1125.

Probably ‘valley of the gully or narrow pass’.
OE hraca + OE dæl.

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Ragnall Notts. Ragenehil 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Ragni’.
OScand. pers. name + OE hyll.

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Rainford Mersey . Raineford 1198.

‘Ford of a man called Regna’, or ‘boundary ford’.
OE pers. name or OScand. rein + OE ford.

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Rainham Gtr. London . Renaham 1086 (DB).

Possibly identical in origin with the next name. Alternatively ‘homestead of a man called Regna’,
OE pers. name + hm.

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Rainham Kent . Roegingaham 811.

Probably ‘homestead of the Roegingas’.
OE tribal name (of uncertain meaning) + hm.

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Rainhill Mersey . Raynhull c.1190.

‘Hill of a man called Regna’, or ‘boundary hill’.
OE pers. name or OScand. rein + OE hyll.

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Rainow Ches. Rauenouh 1285.

‘Hill-spur frequented by ravens’.
OE hræfn + hh.

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Rainton,

‘estate associated with a man called Rægen or Regna’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Rainton N. Yorks . Rainincton 1086 (DB). Rainton, East (Tyne & Wear ) & West (Durham ). Reiningtone c.1170.

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Rainworth Notts. Reynwath 1268.

‘Clean ford’, or ‘boundary ford’.
OScand. hreinn or rein + vath.

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Raithby Lincs., near Louth . Radresbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hreithi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Raithby Lincs., near Spilsby . Radebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hrathi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Rake W. Sussex . Rake 1296.

‘(Place at) the hollow or pass’.
OE hraca.

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Rame Cornwall, near Plymouth . Rame 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(place at) the barrier’, perhaps alluding to a fortress.
OE hrama.

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Rampisham Dorset. Ramesham 1086 (DB).

‘Wild-garlic enclosure’, or ‘enclosure of the ram or of a man called Ramm’.
OE hramsa or ramm or pers. name + hamm.

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Rampside Cumbria . Rameshede 1292.

‘Headland of the ram’, perhaps from a fancied resemblance to the animal.
OE ramm + hafod.

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Rampton Cambs. Rantone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where rams are kept’.
OE ramm + tn.

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Rampton Notts. Rametone 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Ramsbottom Gtr. Manch. Romesbothum 1324.

‘Valley of the ram, or where wild garlic grows’.
OE ramm or hramsa + bothm.

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Ramsbury Wilts . Rammesburi 947, Ramesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortification of the raven, or of a man called Hræfn’.
OE hræfn or pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Ramsden,

probably ‘valley where wild garlic grows’,
OE hramsa + denu: Ramsden Oxon. Rammesden 1246. Ramsden Bellhouse Essex . Ramesdana 1086 (DB), Ramesden Belhous 1254. Manorial affix from the de Belhus family, here in the 13th cent.

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Ramsey,

probably ‘island where wild garlic grows’,
OE hramsa + g: Ramsey Cambs. Hramesege c.1000. Ramsey Essex . Rameseia 1086 (DB).

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Ramsgate Kent . Remmesgate 1275.

‘Gap (in the cliffs) of the raven, or of a man called Hræfn’.
OE hræfn or pers. name geat.

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Ramsgill N. Yorks . Ramesgile 1198.

‘Ravine of the ram, or where wild garlic grows’.
OE ramm or hramsa + OScand. gil.

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Ramshorn Staffs . Rumesoura 1197.

‘The ram's ridge’, or ‘ridge where wild garlic grows’.
OE ramm or hramsa + ofer.

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Ranby Notts. Ranebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hrani’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Rand Lincs. Rande 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the border or edge’.
OE rand.

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Randwick Glos. Rendewiche 1121.

Probably ‘dwelling or farm on the edge or border’.
OE rend + wc.

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Rangeworthy S. Glos. Rengeswurda 1167.

‘Enclosure of a man called Hrencga’, or ‘enclosure made of stakes’.
OE pers. name or OE hrynge + worthig.

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Ranskill Notts. Raveschel (sic) 1086 (DB), Ravenskelf 1275.

‘Shelf or ridge frequented by ravens, or of a man called Hrafn’.
OScand. hrafn or pers. name + skjalf.

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Ranton Staffs . Rantone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead where rams are kept’.
OE ramm + tn.

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Ranworth Norfolk . Randwrthe c.1045, Randuorda 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure by an edge or border’, or ‘enclosure of a man called Randi’.
OE rand or OScand. pers. name + OE worth.

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Rasen, Market, Middle, & West Lincs. æt ræsnan 973, Resne 1086 (DB), Marketrasyn 1358, Middelrasen 1201, Westrasen 1202.

‘(Place at) the planks’, i.e. ‘plankbridge’.
OE ræsn in dative plural form. The river-name Rase is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Raskelf N. Yorks . Raschel 1086 (DB).

‘Shelf or ridge frequented by roe-deer’.
OScand. rá + skjalf.

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Rastrick W. Yorks . Rastric 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘raised strip or ridge with a resting-place’.
OScand. rst + OE ric.

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Ratby Leics. Rotebie 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Rta’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Ratcliffe,

‘red cliff or bank’,
OE rad + clif: Ratcliffe Culey Leics. Redeclive 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the de Culy family, here in the 13th cent. Ratcliffe on Soar Notts. Radeclive 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see BARROW UPON SOAR. Ratcliffe on the Wreake Leics. Radeclive 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see FRISBY ON THE WREAKE.

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Rathmell N. Yorks . Rodemele 1086 (DB).

‘Red sandbank’.
OScand. rauthr + melr.

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Ratley Warwicks. Rotelei 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing with tree-roots’, or ‘clearing of a man called Rta’.
OE rt or pers. name + lah.

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Ratlinghope Shrops. Rotelingehope 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosed valley associated with a man called Rtel’, or ‘valley at Rtel's place’.
OE pers. name + -ing- or -ing + hop.

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Rattery Devon . Ratreu 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the red tree’.
OE rad + trow.

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Rattlesden Suffolk . Ratlesdena 1086 (DB).

OE denu ‘valley’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Rauceby, North & South Lincs. Rosbi, Roscebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Rauthr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Raughton Head Cumbria . Ragton 1182, Raughtonheved 1367.

Probably ‘farmstead where moss or lichen grows’.
OE ragu + OE tn, with the later addition of hafod ‘headland, hill’.

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Raunds Northants. Randan c.980, Rande 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the borders or edges’.
OE rand in a plural form.

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Raveley, Great & Little Cambs. Ræflea c.1060.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing frequented by ravens’.
OE hræfn + lah.

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Ravendale, East & West NE. Lincs. Ravenedal 1086 (DB).

‘Valley frequented by ravens’.
OScand. hrafn + dalr.

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Ravenfield S. Yorks. Rauenesfeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Hræfn, or frequented by ravens’.
OE pers. name or OE hræfn + feld.

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Ravenglass Cumbria . Rengles c.1180.

‘Lot or share of a man called Glas’.
OIrish rann + pers. name.

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Raveningham Norfolk . Rauenicham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hræfn’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Ravenscar N. Yorks . Rauenesere 1312.

‘Rock frequented by ravens’.
OScand. hrafn + sker.

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Ravensden Beds. Rauenesden c.1150.

‘Valley of the raven, or of a man called Hræfn’.
OE hræfn or pers. name + denu.

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Ravensthorpe,

‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Hrafn’,
OScand. pers. name + thorp: Ravensthorpe Northants. Ravenestorp 1086 (DB). Ravensthorpe W. Yorks . Rauenestorp 1086 (DB).

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Ravenstone,

‘farmstead of a man called Hræfn or Hrafn’,
OE or OScand. pers. name + tn: Ravenstone Bucks. Raveneston 1086 (DB). Ravenstone Leics. Ravenestun 1086 (DB).

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Ravenstonedale Cumbria . Rauenstandale 12th cent.

‘Valley of the raven stone’.
OE hræfn + stn + OScand. dalr.

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Ravensworth N. Yorks . Raveneswet (sic) 1086 (DB), Raveneswad 1157.

‘Ford of a man called Hrafn’.
OScand. pers. name + vath.

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Rawcliffe,

‘red cliff or bank’,
OScand. rauthr + klif: Rawcliffe E. R. Yorks. Routheclif c.1080. Rawcliffe York. Roudeclife 1086 (DB). Rawcliffe, Out Lancs. Rodeclif 1086 (DB). Affix is
OE te ‘outer’.

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Rawdon W. Yorks . Roudun 1086 (DB).

‘Red hill’.
OScand. rauthr + OE dn.

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Rawmarsh S. Yorks. Rodemesc (sic) 1086 (DB), Rowmareis c.1200.

‘Red marsh’.
OScand. rauthr + OE mersc.

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Rawreth Essex . Raggerea 1177.

‘Stream frequented by herons’.
OE hrgra + rth.

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Rawtenstall Lancs. Routonstall 1324.

‘Rough farmstead or cow-pasture’.
OE rh + tn-stall.

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Raydon Suffolk . Reindune 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where rye is grown’.
OE rygen + dn.

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Rayleigh Essex . Ragheleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing frequented by female roe-deer or by she-goats’.
OE rge + lah.

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Rayne Essex . Hrægenan c.1000, Raines 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(place at) the shelter or eminence’.
OE hrægene.

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Raynham Norfolk . Reineham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or village of a man called Regna’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Reach,

‘(place at) the raised strip of land or other linear feature’,
OE rc: Reach Beds. Reche c.1220. Reach Cambs. Reche 1086. Here the reference is to the post-Roman earthwork of Devil's Dyke.

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Read Lancs. Revet 1202.

‘Headland frequented by female roe-deer or by she-goats’.
OE rge + hafod.

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Reading Berks. Readingum c.900, Reddinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Rad(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Reagill Cumbria . Reuegile 1176.

‘Ravine frequented by foxes’.
OScand. refr + gil.

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Rearsby Leics. Redresbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hreitharr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Reculver Kent . Regulbium c.425, Roculf 1086 (DB).

An ancient
Celtic name meaning ‘great headland’.

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Redbourn, Redbourne,

‘reedy stream’,
OE hrod + burna: Redbourn Herts. Reodburne c.1060, Redborne 1086 (DB). Redbourne N. Lincs. Radburne 1086 (DB).

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Redcar Red. & Cleve. Redker c.1170.

‘Red or reedy marsh’.
OE rad or hrod + OScand. kjarr.

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Redcliff Bay N. Som. Radeclive c.1180.

‘Red cliff or bank’.
OE rad + clif.

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Redbridge Gtr. London ,

borough named from an old bridge across the River Roding first recorded as Red Bridge in 1777.

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Reddish Gtr. Manch. Rediche 1212.

‘Reedy ditch’.
OE hrod + dc.

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Redditch Heref. & Worcs. La Rededich 1247.

‘Red or reedy ditch’.
OE rad or hrod + dc.

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Rede Suffolk . Reoda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place at) the reed bed’.
OE hrod.

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Redenhall Norfolk . Redanahalla 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘nook of land where reeds grow’.
OE hroden + halh.

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Redgrave Suffolk . Redgrafe 11th cent.

‘Reedy pit’ from
OE hrod + græf, or ‘red grove’ from OE rad + grf.

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Redhill N. Som. Ragiol 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘hill at roe-deer edge’.
OE r + ecg + hyll.

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Redhill Surrey . Redehelde 1301.

‘Red slope’.
OE rad + helde.

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Redisham Suffolk . Redesham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village of a man called Rad’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Redland Brist. Thriddeland 1209.

Probably ‘third part of an estate’.
OE thridda + land.

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Redlingfield Suffolk . Radinghefelda (sic) 1086 (DB), Radlingefeld 1166.

‘Open land of the family or followers of a man called Rdel or Rdla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Redlynch Somerset . Redlisc 1086 (DB).

‘Reedy marsh’.
OE hrod + lisc.

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Redmarley D'Abitot Glos. Reodemæreleage 963, Ridmerlege 1086 (DB), Rudmarleye Dabetot 1324.

‘Woodland clearing with a reedy pond’.
OE hrod + mere + lah. Manorial affix from the d'Abitot family, here in 1086.

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Redmarshall Stock. on T. Rodmerehil 1208–10.

‘Hill by a red (i.e. sandy) pond’.
OE rad + mere + hyll.

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Redmire N. Yorks . Ridemare 1086 (DB).

‘Reedy pool’.
OE hrod + mere.

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Redruth Cornwall . Ridruth 1259.

‘Red ford’.
OCornish rid + rudh.

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Redwick S. Glos. Hreodwican 955–9, Redeuuiche 1086 (DB).

‘Dairy farm among the reeds’.
OE hrod + wc.

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Redworth Durham . Redwortha 1183.

‘Enclosure where reeds grow’.
OE hrod + worth.

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Reed Herts. Retth 1086 (DB).

Probably
OE r(h)th ‘a rough piece of ground’.

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Reedham Norfolk . Redham 1044–7, Redeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where reeds grow’.
OE hrod + hm or hamm.

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Reedness E. R. Yorks. Rednesse c.1170.

‘Reedy headland’.
OE hrod + næss.

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Reepham,

‘manor held or run by a reeve’,
OE rfa + hm: Reepham Lincs. Refam 1086 (DB). Reepham Norfolk . Refham 1086 (DB).

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Reeth N. Yorks . Rie 1086 (DB), Rithe 1184.

Probably ‘(place at) the stream’.
OE rth.

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Reigate Surrey . Reigata c.1170.

‘Gate for female roe-deer’.
OE rge + geat.

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Reighton N. Yorks . Rictone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the straight ridge’.
OE ric + tn.

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Remenham Berks. Rameham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure by the river-bank’.
OE reoma (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Rempstone Notts. Rampestune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Hrempi’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Rendcomb Glos. Rindecumbe 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a stream called Hrinde’.
OE river-name (meaning ‘the pusher’) + cumb.

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Rendham Suffolk . Rimdham, Rindham 1086 (DB).

‘Cleared homestead’, or ‘homestead by a hill’.
OE rmed or rind(e) + hm.

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Rendlesham Suffolk . Rendlæsham c.730, Rendlesham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead of a man called Rendel’,
OE pers. name + hm. Alternatively the first element could be an
OE word rendel ‘little shore’.

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Renhold Beds. Ranhale 1220.

Probably ‘nook of land frequented by roe-deer’.
OE r (genitive plural rna) + halh.

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Rennington Northum. Reiningtun 12th cent.

‘Estate associated with a man called Regna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Renwick Cumbria . Rauenwich 1178.

Probably ‘dwelling or farm of a man called Hrafn or Hræfn’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + wc.

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Repps Norfolk . Repes 1086 (DB), Repples 1191.

Possibly ‘the strips of land’.
OE reopul.

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Repton Derbys . Hrypadun 730–40, Rapendune 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the tribe called Hrype’.
Old tribal name (see RIPON) + OE dn.

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Reston, North & South Lincs. Ristone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near or among brushwood’.
OE hrs + tn.

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Restormel Cornwall . Rostormel 1310.

Possibly ‘moor at the bare hill’.
Cornish ros + tor + moyl.

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Retford, East & West Notts. Redforde 1086 (DB).

‘Red ford’.
OE rad + ford.

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Rettendon Essex . Rettendun c.1000, Ratenduna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill infested with rats’.
OE rætten + dn.

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Revesby Lincs. Resuesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Refr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Rewe Devon . Rewe 1086 (DB).

‘Row of houses’.
OE rw.

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Reydon Suffolk . Rienduna 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where rye is grown’.
OE rygen + dn.

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Reymerston Norfolk . Raimerestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Raimar’.
OGerman pers. name + OE tn.

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Ribbesford Heref. & Worcs. Ribbedford 1023, Ribeford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by a bed of ribwort or hound's-tongue’.
OE ribbe + bedd + ford.

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Ribbleton Lancs. Ribleton 1201.

‘Farmstead on the River Ribble’.
OE river-name (from ripel ‘tearing’ or ‘boundary’) + tn.

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Ribchester Lancs. Ribelcastre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman fort on the River Ribble’.
OE river-name (see previous name) + ceaster.

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Ribston, Great & Little N. Yorks . Ripestan 1086.

Probably ‘rock or stone by which ribwort or hound's-tongue grows’.
OE ribbe + stn.

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Riby Lincs. Ribi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where rye is grown’.
OE ryge + OScand. bý.

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Riccall N. Yorks . Richale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Rca’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Richards Castle Heref. & Worcs. Castellum Ricardi c.1180–6, Richardescastel 1349.

From
OFrench, ME castel, alluding to the Frenchman Richard Scrope whose son Osbern held the castle here in 1086 (DB).

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Richborough Kent . Rutupiae c.150, Ratteburg 1197.

‘Stronghold called Repta’. Reduced form of ancient
Celtic name (probably ‘muddy waters or estuary’) + OE burh.

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Richmond Gtr. London . Richemount 1502.

Earlier called SHEEN, renamed by Henry VII from the following place.

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Richmond N. Yorks . Richemund c.1110.

‘Strong hill’.
OFrench riche + mont.

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Rickinghall Inferior & Superior Suffolk . Rikinghale 10th cent., Rikingahala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of the family or followers of a man called Rca’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + halh.

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Rickling Essex . Richelinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Rcela or a woman called Rcola’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Rickmansworth Herts. Prichemareworde (sic) 1086 (DB), Richemaresworthe c.1180.

‘Enclosure of a man called Rcmr’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Riddlesden W. Yorks . Redelesden 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Rdel or Hrthel’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Ridge Herts. La Rigge 1248.

‘The ridge’.
OE hrycg.

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Ridgewell Essex . Rideuuella 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘spring or stream where reeds grow’.
OE hrod + wella.

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Ridgmont Beds. Rugemund 1227.

‘Red hill’.
OFrench rouge + mont.

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Riding, East, North, & West (old tripartite division of Yorkshire ). Estreding, Nortreding, Westreding 1086 (DB).

From
OScand. thrithjungr ‘a third part’, the initial th- having coalesced with the final consonant of ast, north, and west to give Riding.

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Riding Mill Northum. Ryding 1262.

OE ryding ‘a clearing’.

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Ridlington,

‘estate associated with a man called Rdel or Hrthel,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Ridlington Norfolk . Ridlinketuna 1086 (DB). Ridlington Rutland . Redlinctune 1086 (DB).

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Ridware, Hamstall & Pipe Staffs . Rideware 1004, 1086 (DB), Hamstal Ridewar 1242, Pipe Ridware 14th cent.

Probably ‘(settlement of) the dwellers at the ford’.
Celtic rïd + OE -ware. Distinguishing affixes are from
OE hm-stall ‘homestead’ and from the Pipe family, holders of the manor in the 13th cent.

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Rievaulx N. Yorks . Rievalle 1157.

‘Valley of the River Rye’.
Celtic river-name (probably meaning ‘stream’) + OFrench val(s).

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Rillington N. Yorks . Redlintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Rdel or Hrthel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Rimington Lancs. Renitone (sic) 1086 (DB), Rimingtona 1182–5.

‘Farmstead on the boundary stream’.
OE rima + -ing + tn.

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Rimpton Somerset . Rimtune 938, Rintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the boundary’.
OE rima + tn.

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Rimswell E. R. Yorks. Rimeswelle 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘spring or stream of a man called Hrímr or Rmi’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + OE wella.

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Ringland Norfolk . Remingaland 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘cultivated land of the family or followers of a man called Rmi’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + land.

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Ringmer E. Sussex . Ryngemere 1276.

‘Circular pool’, or ‘pool near a circular feature’.
OE hring + mere.

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Ringmore Devon, near Bigbury . Reimore (sic) 1086 (DB), Redmore 1242.

‘Reedy moor’.
OE hrod + mr.

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Ringsfield Suffolk . Ringesfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Hring, or near a circular feature’.
OE pers. name or OE hring + feld.

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Ringshall Suffolk . Ringeshala 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘nook of land of a man called Hring, or near a circular feature’.
OE pers. name or OE hring + halh.

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Ringstead,

‘circular enclosure, or place near a circular feature’,
OE hring + stede: Ringstead Norfolk . Ringstyde c.1050, Rincsteda 1086 (DB). Ringstead Northants. Ringstede 12th cent.

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Ringwood Hants. Rimucwuda 955, Rincvede 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wood on a boundary’.
OE rimuc + wudu.

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Ringwould Kent . Roedligwealda 861.

Probably ‘woodland of the family or followers of a man called Rdel or Hrthel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + weald.

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Ripe E. Sussex . Ripe 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the edge or strip of land’.
OE rip.

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Ripley,

usually ‘strip-shaped woodland clearing’,
OE ripel + lah: Ripley Derbys . Ripelei 1086 (DB). Ripley Hants. Riple 1086 (DB). Ripley Surrey . Ripelia 1204.
However the following may have a different origin: Ripley N. Yorks . Ripeleia 1086 (DB). Probably ‘woodland clearing of the tribe called Hrype’.
Old tribal name (see RIPON) + OE lah.

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Riplingham E. R. Yorks. Ripingham (sic) 1086 (DB), Ripplingeham 1180.

‘Homestead associated with a man called Rip(p)el)’, or ‘homestead by the strip of land’.
OE pers. name or OE ripel + -ing- + hm.

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Ripon N. Yorks . Hrypis c.715, Ripum 1086 (DB).

‘(Place in the territory of) the tribe called Hrype’. Old tribal name (origin and meaning obscure) in a dative plural form Hrypum.

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Rippingale Lincs. Repingale 806, Repinghale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of the family or followers of a man called Hrepa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + halh.

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Ripple,

‘(place at) the strip of land’,
OE ripel: Ripple Heref. & Worcs. Rippell 708, Rippel 1086 (DB). Ripple Kent . Ryple 1087.

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Ripponden W. Yorks . Ryburnedene 1307.

‘Valley of the River Ryburn’.
OE river-name (‘fierce or reedy stream’) + denu.

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Ripton, Abbot's & King's Cambs. Riptone c.960, Riptune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a strip of land’.
OE rip +tn. Affixes from early possession by the Abbot of Ramsey and the King.

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Risborough, Monks & Princes Bucks. Hrisanbyrge 903, Riseberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill(s) where brushwood grows’.
OE hrsen + beorg. Manorial affixes from early possession by the monks of Christchurch, Canterbury and by the Black Prince.

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Risbury Heref. & Worcs. Riseberia 1086 (DB).

‘Fortress among the brushwood’.
OE hrs + burh (dative byrig).

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Risby,

‘farmstead or village among the brushwood’,
OScand. hrís + bý: Risby N. Lincs. Risebi 1086 (DB). Risby Suffolk. Risebi 1086 (DB).

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Rise E. R. Yorks. Risun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place among) the brushwood’.
OE hrs in a dative plural form hrsum.

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Riseley,

‘brushwood clearing’,
OE hrs + lah: Riseley Beds. Riselai 1086 (DB). Riseley Berks. Rysle 1300.

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Rishangles Suffolk . Risangra 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded slope where brushwood grows’.
OE hrs + hangra.

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Rishton Lancs. Riston c.1205.

‘Farmstead where rushes grow’.
OE risc + tn.

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Rishworth W. Yorks . Risseworde 12th cent.

‘Enclosure where rushes grow’.
OE risc + worth.

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Rising, Castle Norfolk . Risinga 1086 (DB), Castel Risinge 1254.

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Risa’.
OE pers. name + -ingas, with the later addition of castel from the Norman castle here. Alternatively ‘dwellers in the brushwood’,
OE hrs + -ingas.

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Risley,

‘brushwood clearing’,
OE hrs + lah: Risley Ches. Ryselegh 1284. Risley Derbys . Riselei 1086 (DB).

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Rissington, Great & Little Glos. Rise(n)dune 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where brushwood grows’.
OE hrsen + dn.

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Riston, Long E. R. Yorks. Ristune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near or among brushwood’.
OE hrs + tn.

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Rivenhall End Essex . Reuenhala 1068, Ruenhale 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘rough or rugged nook of land’.
OE hrof (dative -an) + halh.

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Riverhead Kent . Reddride 1278.

‘Landing-place for cattle’.
OE hrther + hth.

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Rivington Lancs. Revington 1202.

‘Farmstead at the rough or rugged hill’.
OE hrof + -ing + tn.

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Roade Northants. Rode 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the clearing’.
OE rod.

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Robertsbridge E. Sussex . Pons Roberti 1176, Robartesbregge 1445.

Named from Robert de St Martin, founder of the 12th cent. abbey here. The earliest form has
Latin pons ‘bridge’.

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Robin Hood's Bay N. Yorks . Robin Hoode Baye 1532.

A late name which probably arose from the popular ballads about this legendary outlaw.

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Roborough Devon . Raweberge 1086 (DB).

‘Rough hill’.
OE rh + beorg.

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Roby Mersey . Rabil (sic) 1086 (DB). Rabi 1185.

‘Farmstead or village at a boundary’.
OScand. rá + bý.

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Rocester Staffs . Rowcestre 1086 (DB).

OE ceaster ‘Roman fort’, possibly with rh ‘rough’ or an unidentified pers. name.

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Rochdale Gtr. Manch. Recedham 1086 (DB), Rachedal c.1195.

‘Valley of the River Roch’.
River-name + OScand. dalr. The river-name itself is a ‘back-formation’ from the old name Recedham ‘homestead with a hall’,
OE reced + hm.

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Roche Cornwall . La Roche 1233.

‘The rock’.
OFrench roche.

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Rochester Kent . Hrofaescaestir 731, Rovecestre 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘Roman town or fort called Hrofi’. Ancient
Celtic name (reduced from Durobrivis4th cent. ‘the walled town with the bridges’) + OE ceaster.

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Rochester Northum. Rucestr 1242.

Possibly ‘rough earthwork or fort’.
OE rh + ceaster.

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Rochford,

‘ford of the hunting-dog’,
OE ræcc + ford: Rochford Essex . Rochefort 1086 (DB). Rochford Heref. & Worcs. Recesford 1086 (DB).

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Rock Heref. & Worcs. Ak 1224, Roke 1259.

‘(Place at) the oak-tree’.
OE c, with R- from ME atter ‘at the’.

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Rock Northum. Rok 1242.

Probably
ME rokke ‘a rock, a peak’.

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Rockbeare Devon . Rochebere 1086 (DB).

‘Grove frequented by rooks’.
OE hrc + bearu.

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Rockbourne Hants. Rocheborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream frequented by rooks’.
OE hrc + burna.

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Rockcliffe Cumbria . Rodcliua 1185.

‘Red cliff or bank’.
OScand. rauthr + OE clif.

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Rockhampton S. Glos. Rochemtune 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead by the rock, or frequented by rooks’.
OE rocc or hrc + hm-tn.

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Rockingham Northants. Rochingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hrc(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Rockland,

‘grove frequented by rooks’, OScand.
hrókr + lundr: Rockland All Saints & St Peter Norfolk . Rokelund 1086 (DB). Distinguishing affixes from the church dedications. Rockland St Mary Norfolk . Rokelund 1086 (DB). Affix from the church dedication.

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Rockley Wilts . Rochelie 1086 (DB)

‘Wood or clearing frequented by rooks’.
OE hrc + lah.

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Rodbourne,

‘reedy stream’,
OE hrod + burna: Rodbourne Wilts., near Malmesbury . Reodburna 701. Rodbourne Cheney Wilts . Redborne 1086 (DB), Rodburne Chanu 1304. Manorial affix from Ralph le Chanu, here in 1242.

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Rodd Heref. & Worcs. La Rode 1220.

‘The clearing’.
OE rod.

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Roddam Northum. Rodun 1201.

‘(Place at) the clearings’.
OE rod in a dative plural form rodum.

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Rode,

‘the clearing’,
OE rod: Rode Heath Ches. Rode 1086 (DB), Rodeheze 1280. With the later addition of
OE hth ‘heath’. Rode, North Ches. Rodo 1086 (DB).

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Roden Shrops. Hrodene late 10th cent., Rodene 1242.

Named from the River Roden, a
Celtic river-name probably meaning ‘swift river’.

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Roding, Abbess, ,Aythorpe, Beauchamp, High, Leaden, Margaret, & White Essex . Rodinges c.1050, 1086 (DB), Roinges Abbatisse 1237, Roeng Aytrop 1248, Roynges Beuchamp 1238, High Roinges 1224, Ledeineroing 1248, Roinges Sancte Margaret c.1245, White Roeng 1248.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Hrth(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. The affixes Abbess, Aythorpe, and Beauchamp are all manorial, from early possession by the Abbess of Barking, by a man called Aitrop, and by the de Beauchamp family respectively. High Roding refers to its situation, Leaden (
OE laden) to the lead roof of the church, Margaret to the dedication of the church, and White to the colour of the church walls. The river-name Roding is a ‘back- formation’ from the place-name; the earlier name for the river was Hyle, see ILFORD.

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Rodington Shrops. Rodintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Roden’.
Celtic river-name (see RODEN) + OE tn, possibly with medial connective -ing-.

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Rodley Glos. Rodele 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing amongst the reeds’.
OE hrod + lah.

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Rodley W. Yorks . Rothelaye 1246.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Hrthwulf or Róthulfr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE lah.

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Rodmarton Glos. Redmertone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead by a reedy pool’.
OE hrod + mere + tn.

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Rodmell E. Sussex . Redmelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Radmelde 1202.

Probably ‘(place with) red soil’.
OE rad + mylde.

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Rodmersham Kent . Rodmaeresham c.1100.

‘Homestead or village of a man called Hrthmr’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Rodney Stoke Somerset ,

see STOKE.

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Rodsley Derbys . Redeslei 1086 (DB).

OE lah ‘woodland clearing’, possibly with
OE hrod ‘reed bed’.

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Roehampton Gtr. London . Rokehampton 1350.

‘Home farm frequented by rooks’.
OE hrc + hm-tn.

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Roffey W. Sussex . La Rogheye 1281.

Probably ‘the fence or enclosure for roe-deer’,
OE rh-hege, but ‘the rough enclosure’ if the first element is
OE rh.

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Rogate W. Sussex . Ragata 12th cent.

‘Gate for roe-deer’.
OE r + geat.

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Rollesby Norfolk . Rollesby 1044–7, Rotholfuesby 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hrólfr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Rolleston Leics. Rovestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hrthwulf or Hrólfr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Rolleston Notts. Roldestun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hróaldr’
.OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Rolleston Staffs . Rothulfeston 941, Rolvestune 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with ROLLESTON (Leics.).

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Rollright, Great & Little Oxon. Rollandri (sic) 1086 (DB), Rollendricht 1091.

Probably ‘property of a man called Hrolla’.
OE pers. name + land-riht.

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Rolvenden Kent . Rovindene (sic) 1086 (DB), Ruluinden 1185.

‘Woodland pasture associated with a man called Hrthwulf’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + denn.

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Romaldkirk Durham . Rumoldesc(h)erce 1086 (DB).

‘Church dedicated to St Rmwald’.
OE pers. name + OScand. kirkja.

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Romanby N. Yorks . Romundrebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Róthmundr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Romansleigh Devon . Liega 1086 (DB), Reymundesle 1228.

‘The wood or clearing’.
OE lah, with the later addition of the Celtic saint's name Rumon from the dedication of the church.

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Romford Gtr. London . Romfort 1177.

Probably ‘wide or spacious ford’.
OE rm + ford. The river-name Rom is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Romiley Gtr. Manch. Rumelie 1086 (DB).

‘Spacious woodland clearing’.
OE rm + lah.

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Romney, Old & New Kent . Rumenea 895, 11th cent., Romenel 1086 (DB).

Originally a river-name, from
OE a ‘river’ and an uncertain first element, perhaps Rmen ‘the broad one’ which may be an old name for Romney Marsh . Settlers here are referred to as Merscware as early as the 8th cent., ‘the marsh dwellers’ from
OE mersc + -ware.

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Romsey Hants. Rummæsig c.970, Romesy 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Rm’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Romsley,

probably ‘wood or clearing of the raven’,
OE hræfn, hremn + lah: Romsley Heref. & Worcs. Romesle 1270. Romsley Shrops. Hremesleage 1002, Rameslege 1086 (DB).

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Rookhope Durham . Rochop 1242.

‘Valley frequented by rooks’.
OE hrc + hop.

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Rookley I. of Wight . Roclee 1202.

‘Wood or clearing frequented by rooks’.
OE hrc + lah.

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Roos E. R. Yorks. Rosse 1086 (DB).

Celtic ros ‘moor, heath, promontory’.

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Roose Cumbria . Rosse 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Ropley Hants. Roppele 1172.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Hroppa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Ropsley Lincs. Ropeslai 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Hropp’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Rorrington Shrops. Roritune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hrr’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Roseacre Lancs. Raysacre 1283.

‘Cultivated land with a cairn’.
OScand. hreysi + akr.

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Rose Ash Devon . Aissa 1086 (DB), Assherowes 1281.

‘(Place at) the ash-tree’.
OE æsc, with later manorial affix from possession by a man called Ralph in the late 12th cent.

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Rosedale Abbey N. Yorks . Russedal c.1140.

‘Valley of the horses, or of a man called Rossi’.
OScand. hross or pers. name + dalr.

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Roseden Northum. Russeden 1242.

‘Valley where rushes grow’.
OE rysc + denu.

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Roseland Cornwall ,

see ST JUST.

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Rosgill Cumbria . Rossegile late 12th cent.

‘Ravine of the horses’.
OScand. hross + gil.

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Rosley Cumbria . Rosseleye 1272.

‘Woodland clearing where horses are kept’.
OScand. hross + OE lah.

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Rosliston Derbys . Redlauestun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Hrthlf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Ross,

‘hill-spur, moor, heathy upland’,
Celtic ros: Ross Northum. Rosse 1208–10. Ross on Wye Heref. & Worcs. Rosse 1086 (DB). Wye is an ancient pre-English river-name of unknown origin and meaning.

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Rossington S. Yorks. Rosington c.1190.

Probably ‘farmstead at the moor’.
Celtic ros + OE -ing- + tn.

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Rostherne Ches. Rodestorne 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Rauthr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE thorn or thyrne.

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Roston Derbys . Roschintone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Hrthsige’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Rothbury Northum. Routhebiria c.1125.

‘Stronghold of a man called Hrtha’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig). Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. rauthr ‘red’ (from the colour of the bed-rock in the area).

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Rotherby Leics. Redebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hreitharr or Hreithi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Rotherfield,

‘open land where cattle graze’,
OE hrther + feld: Rotherfield E. Sussex . Hrytheranfeld c.880, Reredfelle (sic) 1086 (DB). Rotherfield Greys & Peppard Oxon. Redrefeld 1086 (DB), Retherfeld Grey 1313, Ruderefeld Pippard 1255. Manorial affixes from early possession by the de Gray and Pipard families.

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Rotherham S. Yorks. Rodreham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village on the River Rother’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘chief river’) + OE hm.

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Rotherhithe Gtr. London . Rederheia c.1105.

‘Landing-place for cattle’.
OE hrther + hth.

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Rothersthorpe Northants. Torp 1086 (DB), Retherestorp 1231.

‘Outlying farm or hamlet of the counsellor or advocate’.
OScand. thorp with the later addition of OE rdere.

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Rotherwick Hants. Hrytheruuica c.1100.

‘Cattle farm’.
OE hrther + wc.

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Rothley,

probably ‘wood with clearings’,
OE roth + lah: Rothley Leics. Rodolei 1086 (DB). Rothley Northum. Rotheley 1233.

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Rothwell,

‘spring or stream by the clearing(s)’,
OE roth + wella: Rothwell Lincs. Rodowelle 1086 (DB). Rothwell Northants. Rodewelle 1086 (DB). Rothwell W. Yorks . Rodewelle 1086 (DB).

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Rotsea E. R. Yorks. Rotesse 1086 (DB).

‘Pool with scum on it’, or ‘pool of a man called Rta’.
OE hrot or pers. name + s.

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Rottingdean E. Sussex . Rotingedene 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of the family or followers of a man called Rta’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + denu.

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Rottington Cumbria . Rotingtona c.1125.

‘Estate associated with a man called Rt(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Rougham,

probably ‘homestead or village on rough ground’,
OE rh + hm: Rougham Norfolk . Ruhham 1086 (DB). Rougham Green Suffolk . Rucham c.950, Ruhham 1086 (DB).

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Roughton Lincs. Rocstune 1086 (DB).

‘Rough farm’, or ‘rye farm’.
OE rh or OScand. rugr (replacing OE ryge) + OE tn.

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Roughton Norfolk . Rugutune 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Roughton Shrops. Roughton 1316.

‘Farmstead on rough ground’.
OE rh + tn.

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Roundhay W. Yorks . La Rundehaia c.1180.

‘Round enclosure’.
OFrench rond + OE hæg.

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Roundway Wilts . Rindweiam 1149.

Probably ‘cleared way’.
OE rmed + weg.

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Rounton, East & West N. Yorks . Rontun, Runtune 1086 (DB), Rungtune c.1130.

‘Farmstead enclosed with poles, or near a causeway made with poles’.
OE hrung + tn.

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Rousdon Devon . Done 1086 (DB), Rawesdon 1285.

‘(Place at) the hill’.
OE dn, with manorial affix from the family of Ralph here from the 12th cent.

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Rous Lench Heref. & Worcs. ,

see LENCH.

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Routh E. R. Yorks. Rutha 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘rough shaly ground’.
OScand. hrúthr.

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Rowde Wilts . Rode 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place at) the reed bed’.
OE hrod.

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Rowhedge Essex . Rouhegy 1346.

‘Rough hedge or enclosure’.
OE rh + hecg.

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Rowland Derbys . Ralunt 1086 (DB).

‘Boundary grove’, or ‘grove frequented by roe-deer’.
OScand. rá + lundr.

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Rowlands Castle Hants. Rolokescastel c.1315, Roulandes Castell 1369.

Originally ‘castle of a man called Rolok’, from
ME castel and an OFrench pers. name, but later apparently changed through association with the heroic knight Roland of medieval legend.

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Rowley,

‘rough wood or clearing’,
OE rh + lah: Rowley E. R. Yorks. Rulee 12th cent. Rowley Hill W. Yorks . Ruleia c.1180. Rowley Regis W. Mids. Roelea 1173. Affix is
Latin regis ‘of the king’ from early possession by the Crown.

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Rowsham Bucks. Rollesham 1170.

‘Homestead or village of a man called Hrthwulf’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Rowsley Derbys . Reuslege (sic) 1086 (DB), Rolvesle 1204.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Hrthwulf or Hrólfr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE lah.

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Rowston Lincs. Rouestune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Hrólfr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE hrf ‘roof’, perhaps in some topographical sense.

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Rowton Ches. Rowa Christletona 12th cent., Roweton 13th cent.

‘The rough part of CHRISTLETON’.
OE rh + tn.

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Rowton Shrops., near High Ercall . Routone (sic) 1086 (DB), Rowelton 1195.

Possibly ‘farmstead by a rough hill’.
OE rh + hyll + tn. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE rhel ‘small rough place’.

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Roxby N. Lincs. Roxebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Hrókr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Roxby N. Yorks., near Hinderwell . Roscebi1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Rauthr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Roxton Beds. Rochesdone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill of a man called Hrc’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Roxwell Essex . Rokeswelle 1291.

Probably ‘spring or stream of a man called Hrc’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Royal Leamington Spa Warwicks. ,

see LEAMINGTON.

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Roydon Essex . Ruindune 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where rye is grown’.
OE rygen + dn.

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Roydon Norfolk, near Diss . Rygedune c.1035, Regadona 1086 (DB).

‘Rye hill’.
OE ryge + dn.

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Royston Herts. Roiston 1286. Originally called Crux Roaisie 1184

‘cross (
Latin crux) of a woman called Rohesia’, later simply Roeys to which tn ‘village’ was added in the 13th cent.

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Royston S. Yorks. Rorestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hrr or Róarr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Royton Gtr. Manch. Ritton 1226.

‘Farmstead where rye is grown’.
OE ryge + tn.

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Ruan,

named from the patron saint of the parish, St Ruan or Rumon: Ruan Lanihorne Cornwall . Lanryhorn 1270, ‘parish of Sanctus Rumonus of Lanyhorn’ 1327. The second part of the name means ‘church-site of a man called Rihoarn’,
Cornish lann + pers. name. Ruan Minor Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Rumonus Parvus’ 1277. Affix is
Latin minor ‘smaller’ (earlier parvus ‘small’) to distinguish it from the adjacent parish of Ruan Major.

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Ruardean Glos. Rwirdin 1086 (DB).

‘Rye or hill enclosure’.
OE ryge or Celtic riu + OE worthign.

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Rubery Heref. & Worcs. Robery Hills 1650.

‘Rough mound or hill’.
OE rh + beorg.

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Ruckcroft Cumbria . Rucroft 1211.

‘Rye enclosure’.
OScand. rugr + OE croft.

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Ruckinge Kent . Hroching 786, Rochinges 1086 (DB).

‘Place characterized by rooks’, or ‘place associated with a man called Hrc’.
OE hrc or pers. name + -ing.

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Ruckland Lincs. Rocheland (sic) 1086 (DB), Roclund 12th cent.

‘Grove frequented by rooks’.
OScand. hrókr + lundr.

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Ruddington Notts. Roddintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Rudda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Rudford Glos. Rudeford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford among the reeds’.
OE hrod + ford.

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Rudge Shrops. Rigge 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the ridge’.
OE hrycg.

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Rudgwick W. Sussex . Regwic 1210.

‘Dwelling or farm on a ridge’.
OE hrycg + wc.

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Rudham, East & West Norfolk . Rudeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Rudda’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Rudston E. R. Yorks. Rodestan 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the rood-stone or stone cross’.
OE rd-stn.

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Rudyard Staffs . Rudegeard 1002, Rudierd 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘yard or enclosure where rue is grown’.
OE rde + geard.

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Rufford Lancs. Ruchford 1212.

‘Rough ford’.
OE rh + ford.

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Rufforth York. Ruford 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Rugby Warwicks. Rocheberie 1086 (DB), Rokebi 1200.

‘Fortified place of a man called Hrca’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig) replaced by OScand. bý ‘village’. Alternatively ‘fort frequented by rooks’, with
OE hrc as first element.

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Rugeley Staffs . Rugelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing on or near a ridge’.
OE hrycg + lah.

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Ruishton Somerset . Risctun 9th cent.

‘Farmstead where rushes grow’.
OE rysc + tn.

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Ruislip Gtr. London . Rislepe 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘leaping-place (across the river) where rushes grow’.
OE rysc + hlp.

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Rumburgh Suffolk . Romburch c.1050, Ramburc (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Wide stronghold, or stronghold built of tree-trunks’.
OE rm or hruna + burh.

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Runcorn Ches. Rumcofan c.1000.

‘Wide bay or creek’.
OE rm + cofa.

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Runcton W. Sussex . Rochintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Hrc(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Runcton, North & South, Runcton Holme Norfolk . Runghetuna 1086 (DB), Rungeton Holm 1276.

‘Farmstead enclosed with poles, or near a causeway made with poles’.
OE hrung + tn. Holme is probably
OScand. holmr ‘island, raised ground in marsh’.

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Runfold Surrey . Hrunigfeall 974.

‘Place where trees have been felled’.
OE hruna + (ge)feall.

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Runhall Norfolk . Runhal 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘nook of land where there are tree-trunks’.
OE hruna + halh.

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Runham Norfolk . Ronham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Rna’,
OE pers. name + hm or hamm. Alternatively the first element may be
OE hruna ‘tree-trunk’, perhaps with reference to its use as a footbridge.

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Runnington Somerset . Runetone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Rna’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + tn.

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Runnymede Surrey . Ronimede 1215.

‘Meadow at the island where councils are held’.
OE rn + g + md.

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Runswick N. Yorks . Reneswike 1273.

Possibly ‘creek of a man called Reinn’.
OScand. pers. name + vík.

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Runton, East & West Norfolk . Runetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Rna or Rúni’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Runwell Essex . Runewelle c.940, Runewella 1086 (DB).

‘Council spring’, i.e. probably ‘wishing-well’.
OE rn + wella.

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Ruscombe Berks. Rothescamp 1091.

‘Enclosed land of a man called Rt’.
OE pers. name + camp.

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Rushall Norfolk . Riuessala 1086 (DB).

OE halh ‘nook of land’ with an uncertain first element, probably a pers. name.

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Rushall Wilts . Rusteselve (sic) 1086 (DB), Rusteshala 1160.

Probably ‘nook of land of a man called Rust’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Rushbrooke Suffolk . Ryssebroc c.950, Ryscebroc 1086 (DB).

‘Brook where rushes grow’.
OE rysc + brc.

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Rushbury Shrops. Riseberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified house or manor among the rushes’.
OE rysc + burh (dative byrig).

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Rushden,

‘valley where rushes grow’,
OE ryscen + denu: Rushden Herts. Risendene 1086 (DB). Rushden Northants. Risedene 1086 (DB).

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Rushford Suffolk . Rissewrth c.1060, Rusceuuorda 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure where rushes grow’.
OE rysc + worth.

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Rushmere,

‘pool where rushes grow’,
OE rysc + mere: Rushmere Suffolk . Ryscemara 1086 (DB). Rushmere St Andrew Suffolk . Ryscemara 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Rushock Heref. & Worcs. Russococ (sic) 1086 (DB), Rossoc 1166.

Probably ‘rushy place, rush-bed’.
OE ryscuc.

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Rusholme Gtr. Manch. Russum 1235.

‘(Place at) the rushes’.
OE rysc in a dative plural form ryscum.

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Rushton,

‘farmstead where rushes grow’,
OE rysc + tn: Rushton Ches. Rusitone 1086 (DB). Rushton Northants. Risetone 1086 (DB). Rushton Spencer Staffs . Risetone 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from early possession by the Spencer family.

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Rushwick Heref. & Worcs. Russewyk 1275.

‘Dairy farm among the rushes’.
OE rysc + wc.

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Ruskington Lincs. Rischintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where rushes grow’.
OE ryscen (with Scand. -sk-) + tn.

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Rusland Cumbria . Rolesland 1336.

‘Cultivated land of a man called Hrólfr or Hróaldr’.
OScand. pers. name + land.

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Rusper W. Sussex . Rusparre 1219.

‘(Place at) the rough spar or beam of wood’.
OE rh + spearr.

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Rustington W. Sussex . Rustinton 1180.

‘Estate associated with a man called Rust(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Ruston N. Yorks . Rostune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead distinguished by its roof-beams or rafters’.
OE hrst + tn.

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Ruston, East & Sco Norfolk . Ristuna 1086 (DB), Estriston 1361, Scouriston c.1280.

‘Farmstead near or among brushwood’.
OE hrs + tn. Distinguishing affixes are
OE ast and OScand. skógr ‘wood’.

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Ruston Parva E. R. Yorks. Roreston 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Hrr or Róarr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn. Affix is
Latin parva ‘little’ to distinguish this place from LONG RISTON.

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Ruswarp N. Yorks . Risewarp c.1146.

Possibly ‘silted land overgrown with brushwood’.
OE hrs + wearp.

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Rutland (the county ). Roteland c.1060, 1086 (DB).

‘Estate of a man called Rta’.
OE pers. name + land.

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Ruyton-XI-Towns Shrops. Ruitone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where rye is grown’.
OE ryge + tn. The parish was formerly composed of eleven townships.

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Ryal Northum. Ryhill 1242.

‘Hill where rye is grown’.
OE ryge + hyll.

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Ryarsh Kent . Riesce (sic) 1086 (DB), Rierssh 1242.

‘Ploughed field used for rye’.
OE ryge + ersc.

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Ryburgh, Great & Little Norfolk . Reie(n)burh 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘old encampment used for growing rye’.
OE ryge(n) + burh.

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Rydal Cumbria . Ridale 1240.

‘Valley where rye is grown’.
OE ryge + OScand. dalr.

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Ryde I. of Wight . La Ride 1257.

‘The small stream’.
OE rth.

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Rye E. Sussex . Ria 1130.

‘(Place at) the island or dry ground in marsh’.
OE eg, with initial R- from ME atter ‘at the’.

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Rye (river) N. Yorks. ,

see RIEVAULX.

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Ryehill, Ryhill,

‘hill where rye is grown’,
OE ryge + hyll: Ryehill E. R. Yorks. Ryel c.1155. Ryhill W. Yorks . Rihella 1086 (DB).

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Ryhall Rutland . Righale c.1050, Riehale 1086 (DB).

‘Land in a river-bend where rye is grown’.
OE ryge + halh.

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Ryhope Tyne & Wear. Reofhoppas c.1050.

Possibly ‘rough valleys or enclosures’,
OE hrof + hop (originally in a plural form). Alternatively the first element may be
OE rfa ‘a reeve, a bailiff’.

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Ryknild or Icknield Street,

see ICKNIELD WAY.

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Ryle, Great & Little Northum. Rihull 1212.

‘Hill where rye is grown’.
OE ryge + hyll.

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Rylstone N. Yorks . Rilestun 1086 (DB).

OE tn ‘farmstead’ with an uncertain first element, possibly
OE rynel ‘a small stream’.

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Ryme Intrinseca Dorset. Rima 1160.

‘(Place at) the edge or border’.
OE rima. Latin affix means ‘inner’, distinguishing this place from the former manor of Ryme Extrinseca (‘outer’).

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Ryston Norfolk . Ristuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near or among brushwood’.
OE hrs + tn.

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Ryther N. Yorks . Ridre 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the clearing’.
OE ryther.

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Ryton,

usually ‘farm where rye is grown’,
OE ryge + tn: Ryton Shrops. Ruitone 1086 (DB). Ryton Tyne & Wear. Ritona 1183. Ryton, Great Shrops. Ruiton 1209. Ryton-on-Dunsmore Warwicks. Ruyton c.1045, Rietone 1086 (DB). Dunsmore (Dunesmore 12th cent.) is an old district name meaning ‘moor of a man called Dunn’,
OE pers. name + mr.
However the following has a different origin: Ryton N. Yorks . Ritun 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead on the River Rye’.
Celtic river-name (see RIEVAULX) + OE tn.

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S

Sabden Lancs. Sapeden c.1140.

‘Valley where fir-trees grow’.
OE sæppe + denu.

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Sacombe Herts. Sueuecampe 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosed land of a man called Swfa’.
OE pers. name + camp.

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Sacriston Durham . Segrysteynhogh 1312.

‘Hill-spur of the sacristan (of Durham)’.
ME secrestein + OE hh.

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Sadberge Durham . Sadberge 1169.

OScand. set-berg ‘a flat-topped hill’.

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Saddington Leics. Sadintone 1086 (DB).

OE tn ‘farmstead, estate’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a reduced form of an
OE pers. name such as Sgat or Shæth with -ing-, or OE sath ‘pit’ with -ing.

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Saddle Bow Norfolk . Sadelboge 1198.

‘The saddle-bow’, referring to some arched or curved feature.
OE sadol + boga.

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Saddleworth Gtr. Manch. Sadelwrth late 12th cent.

‘Enclosure on a saddle-shaped ridge’.
OE sadol + worth.

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Saffron Walden Essex ,

see WALDEN.

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Saham Toney Norfolk . Saham 1086 (DB), Saham Tony 1498.

‘Homestead by the pool’.
OE s + hm. Manorial affix from the de Toni family, here in the late 12th cent.

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Saighton Ches. Saltone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where willow-trees grow’.
OE salh + tn.

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St Agnes Cornwall . ‘Parish of Sancta Agnes’ 1327.

From the dedication of the church to St Agnes.

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St Albans Herts. Sancte Albanes stow 1007, Villa Sancti Albani 1086 (DB).

‘Holy place of St Alban’, from the saint martyred here in AD 209. The early spellings contain
OE stw ‘holy place’ and Latin villa ‘town’. See also WATLING STREET.

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St Austell Cornwall . ‘Church of Austol’ c.1150.

From the dedication of the parish church to St Austol.

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St Bees Cumbria . ‘Church of Sancta Bega’ c.1135.

Named from St Bega, a female saint.

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St Blazey Cornwall . ‘Chapel of Sanctus Blasius’ 1440.

From the dedication of the church to St Blaise.

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St Breock Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Briocus’ 1259.

From the patron saint of the church, St Brioc.

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St Breward Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Brewveredus’ c.1190.

From the patron saint of the church, St Breward.

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St Briavels Glos. ‘(Castle of) Sanctus Briauel’ 1130.

Named from the Welsh saint Briavel.

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St Budeaux Devon . Seynt Bodokkys 1520.

From the dedication of the church to the Celtic saint Budoc. Earlier Bucheside 1086 (DB). ‘St Budoc's hide of land’,
OE hd.

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Saintbury Glos. Svineberie (sic) 1086 (DB), Seinesberia 1186.

‘Fortified place of a man called Swine’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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St Buryan Cornwall . ‘Church of Sancta Beriana’ c.939, Sancta Berriona 1086 (DB).

Named from St Beryan, a female saint.

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St Cleer Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Clarus’ 1212.

From the patron saint of the church, St Cleer.

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St Columb Major & Minor Cornwall . ‘Church of Sancta Columba’ c.1240.

Named from St Columba, a female saint.

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St Cross South Elmham Suffolk ,

see ELMHAM.

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St Devereux Heref. & Worcs. ‘Church of Sanctus Dubricius’ 1291.

Named from St Dyfrig, a male Welsh saint.

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St Endellion Cornwall . ‘Church of Sancta Endelienta’ 1260.

Named from St Endilient, a female saint.

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St Germans Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Germanus’ 1086 (DB).

From the patron saint of the church.

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St Giles in the Wood Devon . Stow St Giles 1330.

‘Holy place of St Giles’, from
OE stw and the patron saint of the church.

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St Giles on the Heath Devon . ‘Chapel of Sanctus Egidius’ 1202, St Gylses en le Hethe 1585.

From the dedication of the church to St Giles (
Latin Egidius), with affix ‘on the heath’ from
OE hth.

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St Helens I. of Wight . Sancta Elena 12th cent.

From the dedication of the church to St Helena.

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St Helens Mersey. ,

named from the chapel of St Helen, first recorded in 1552.

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St Ippollitts Herts. ‘Church of S. Ypollitus’ 1283.

From the dedication of the 11th cent. church here to St Hippolytus.

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St Issey Cornwall . Sanctus Ydi 1195.

From the dedication of the church to St Idi.

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St Ive Cornwall . Sanctus Yvo 1201.

From the dedication of the church to St Ivo, see next name.

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St Ives Cambs. Sancto Ivo de Slepe 1110.

Named from St Ivo whose relics were found here in the 10th cent. The earlier name Slepe is from
OE slp ‘slippery place’.

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St Ives Cornwall . Sancta Ya 1284.

From the dedication of the church to St Ya, a female saint.

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St Ives Dorset. Iuez 1167.

‘Place overgrown with ivy’.
OE fet. Saint was only added in recent times on the analogy of the previous names.

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St Just Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Justus’ 1291.

From the dedication of the church to St Just. Often called St Just in Penwith , this last (Penwid 1186, probably ‘end-district’) being an old Cornish name for the Land's End peninsula.

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St Just in Roseland Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Justus’ c.1070.

Identical in origin with the previous name. Roseland (Roslande 1259) is an old district name meaning ‘promontory land’,
Cornish ros + OE land.

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St Keverne Cornwall . Sanctus Achebrannus 1086 (DB).

From the patron saint of the church, St Aghevran.

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St Kew Cornwall . Sanctus Cheus 1086 (DB).

From the patron saint of the church, St Kew. St Kew Highway , Highway 1699, is a hamlet so called from its situation on the main road to Wadebridge.

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St Keyne Cornwall . ‘Church of Sancta Keyna’ 1291.

Named from St Keyn, a female saint.

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St Lawrence,

‘place with a church dedicated to St Lawrence’: St Lawrence I. of Wight . ‘Church of Sanctus Laurencius’ 1255. Originally also called Wathe (Wathe 1311, St Laurence de Wathe 1340), ‘(place at) the ford’ from
OE wæd. St Lawrence Kent . ‘Church of Sanctus Laurencius’ 1253.

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St Leonards E. Sussex . Villa de Sancto Leonardo juxta Hasting

(‘manor of St Leonard near to Hastings’) 1288. Named from the dedication of the original church here, destroyed by the sea in the 15th cent.

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St Leonards, Chapel Lincs. ,

a late name, from the dedication of the chapel.

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St Levan Cornwall . ‘Parish of Sanctus Silvanus’ 1327.

From the dedication of the church to St Selevan.

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St Margaret's at Cliffe Kent . Sancta Margarita 1086 (DB), Cliue c.1100.

‘Church dedicated to St Margaret at the place called Cliffe’, from
OE clif ‘cliff’.

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St Mary Bourne Hants. ,

see BOURNE.

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St Mary Cray Gtr. London ,

see CRAY.

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St Mary's Bay Kent ,

named from St Mary in the Marsh (Seyntemariecherche 1240), with affix from
OE mersc.

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St Mary's Hoo Kent ,

see HOO.

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St Mawes Cornwall . ‘Town of Sanctus Maudetus’ 1284.

From the patron saint of the church, St Maudyth.

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St Mawgan Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Mauchanus’ 1257.

From the dedication of the church to St Mawgan, see also MAWGAN. Mawgan Porth is from Cornish porth ‘cove’.

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St Mellion Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Melanus’ 1259.

From the patron saint of the church, St Melaine.

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St Merryn Cornwall . Sancta Marina 1259.

Apparently named from St Marina (a female saint), but possibly from St Merin (a male).

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St Mewan Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Mawanus’ 1291.

From the dedication of the church to St Mewan.

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St Michael Caerhays Cornwall . ‘Chapel of Sanctus Michael de Karihaes’ 1259.

From the dedication of the church to St Michael the Archangel. The distinguishing affix is from the manor of Caerhays, a name obscure in origin and meaning.

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St Michael Penkevil Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Michael de Penkevel’ 1261.

From the same dedication as previous name. The affix is from the manor of Penkevil, a Cornish name probably meaning ‘horse headland’.

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St Michael's on Wyre Lancs. Michelescherche 1086 (DB).

‘Church of St Michael’, with
OE cirice in the early spelling. Wyre is a
Celtic river-name meaning ‘winding one’.

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St Neot Cornwall . Sanctus Neotus 1086 (DB).

From the patron saint of the church, St Neot.

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St Neots Cambs. S' Neod 12th cent.

Also named from St Neot, whose relics were brought here from Cornwall in the 10th cent.

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St Nicholas at Wade Kent . Villa Sancti Nicholai 1254, St Nicholas at Wade 1458.

Named from the dedication of the church. Wade is from
OE wæd ‘a ford, a crossing-place’ (leading to the Isle of Thanet).

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St Osyth Essex . Seynte Osithe 1046.

From the dedication of a priory here to St sgth, a 7th-century princess. Its early name Cice 1086 (DB) is from
OE cicc ‘a bend’.

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St Paul's Cray Gtr. London ,

see CRAY.

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St Peter's Kent . Borgha sancti Petri

(‘borough of St Peter’) 1254. Named from the dedication of the church.

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St Tudy Cornwall . Hecglostudic 1086 (DB).

From the dedication of the church to St Tudy, with Cornish eglos ‘church’ in the early spelling.

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St Weonards Heref. & Worcs. Lann Sant Guainerth c.1130.

‘Church of St Gwennarth’, with
OWelsh lann ‘church’ in the early spelling.

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St Winnow Cornwall . San Winnuc 1086 (DB).

From the dedication of the church to St Winnoc.

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Salcombe,

‘salt valley’,
OE sealt + cumb: Salcombe Devon . Saltecumbe 1244. Salcombe Regis Devon . Sealtcumbe c.1060, Selcome 1086 (DB). Affix is
Latin regis ‘of the king’.

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Salcott Essex . Saltcot c.1200.

‘Building where salt is made or stored’.
OE sealt + cot.

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Sale Gtr. Manch. Sale c.1205.

‘(Place at) the sallow-tree’.
OE salh in a dative form sale.

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Saleby Lincs. Salebi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Sali’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OE salh‘sallow, willow’.

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Salehurst E. Sussex . Salhert (sic) 1086 (DB), Salhirst c.1210.

‘Wooded hill where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + hyrst.

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Salesbury Lancs. Sale(s)byry 1246.

‘Fortified place or manor where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + burh (dative byrig).

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Salford Beds. Saleford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + ford.

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Salford Gtr. Manch. Salford 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Salford Oxon. Saltford 777, Salford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford over which salt is carried’.
OE salt + ford.

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Salford Priors & Abbots Salford Warwicks. Saltford 714. Salford 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name. Affixes from early possession by Kenilworth Priory and Evesham Abbey.

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Salfords Surrey . Salford 1279.

‘Ford where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + ford.

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Salhouse Norfolk . Salhus 1291.

Probably ‘the sallow-trees’.
OE salh in a plural form.

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Saling, Great Essex . Salinges 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the dwellers among the sallow-trees’,
OE salh + -ingas. Alternatively ‘places where sallow-trees grow’, from the plural of an
OE word sal(h)ing.

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Salisbury Wilts . Searobyrg c.900, Sarisberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold at Sorvio’.
OE burh (dative byrig) added to reduced form of original
Celtic name Sorviodunum (obscure word + Celtic dno- ‘fort’), this referring in the 4th cent. Antonine Itinerary to the Iron Age hill-fort at Old Sarum . The form Sarum, found from the 14th cent., arises from a misreading of the abbreviated spelling Sar' for Sarisberie and the like in medieval documents.

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Salkeld, Great & Little Cumbria . Salchild c.1110.

‘Sallow-tree wood’.
OE salh + hylte.

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Salle Norfolk . Salla 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + lah.

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Salmonby Lincs. Salmundebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Salmundr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Salop (the county ),

see SHROPSHIRE.

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Salperton Glos. Salpretune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead on a salt-way’.
OE salt + here-pæth + tn.

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Salt Staffs . Selte 1086 (DB).

OE selte ‘a salt-pit, a salt-works’.

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Saltaire W. Yorks. ,

a modern name created for the new town founded in the valley of the River Aire (for which see AIRMYN) for the manufacture of alpaca by Sir Titus Salt in 1850.

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Saltash Cornwall . Esse 1201, Saltehasche 1302.

Originally ‘(place at) the ash-tree’,
OE æsc. Later addition salt from the production of salt here.

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Saltburn-by-the-Sea Red. & Cleve. Salteburnam c.1185.

‘(Place by) the salt stream’.
OE salt + burna.

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Saltby Leics. Saltebi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Salti or Salt’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. salt ‘salt’.

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Salter Lancs. Salterge c.1150.

‘Shieling where salt is found or kept’.
OE salt + OScand. erg.

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Salterforth Lancs. Salterford 13th cent.

‘Ford used by salt-merchants’.
OE saltere + ford.

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Salterton, Budleigh Devon . Saltre 1210, Salterne 1405.

OE salt-ærn ‘building where salt is made or sold’. Affix from nearby BUDLEIGH.

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Salterton, Woodbury Devon . Salterton 1306.

‘Farmstead of the salt-workers or salt-merchants’.
OE saltere + tn. Affix from nearby WOODBURY.

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Saltfleet Lincs. Salfluet 1086 (DB).

‘(Place by) the salt stream’.
OE salt + flot.

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Saltfleetby All Saints, St Clements & St Peter Lincs. Salflatebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village by the salt stream’.
OE salt + flot + OScand. bý.

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Saltford B. & NE. Som. Sanford (sic) 1086 (DB), Salford 1229, Saltford 1291.

Probably ‘salt-water ford’,
OE salt + ford, but the first element may originally have been salh ‘sallow, willow’.

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Salthouse Norfolk . Salthus 1086 (DB).

‘Building for storing salt’.
OE salt + hs.

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Saltmarshe E. R. Yorks. Saltemersc 1086 (DB).

‘Salty or brackish marsh’.
OE salt + mersc.

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Saltney Ches. Salteney c.1230.

‘Salty island or dry ground in marsh’.
OE salt (dative -an) + g.

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Salton N. Yorks . Saletun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + tn.

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Saltwood Kent . Sealtwuda c.1000, Salteode 1086 (DB).

‘Wood where salt is made or stored’.
OE sealt + wudu.

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Salvington W. Sussex . Saluinton 1249.

‘Estate associated with a man called Slf or Swulf’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Salwarpe Heref. & Worcs. Salouuarpe 817, Salewarpe 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘dark-coloured silted land’.
OE salu + wearp.

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Sambourne Warwicks. Samburne 714, Sandburne 1086 (DB).

‘Sandy stream’.
OE sand + burna.

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Sambrook Shrops. Semebre (sic) 1086 (DB), Sambroc 1256.

Probably ‘sandy brook’.
OE sand + brc.

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Samlesbury Lancs. Samelesbure 1188.

Probably ‘stronghold near a shelf or ledge of land’.
OE scamol + burh (dative byrig).

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Sampford,

‘sandy ford’,
OE sand + ford: Sampford Arundel Somerset . Sanford 1086 (DB), Samford Arundel 1240. Manorial affix from Roger Arundel, tenant in 1086. Sampford Brett Somerset . Sanford 1086 (DB), Saunford Bret 1306. Manorial affix from the Bret family, here in the 12th cent. Sampford Courtenay Devon . Sanfort 1086 (DB), Saunforde Curtenay 1262. Manorial affix from the Curtenay family, here in the 13th cent. Sampford Peverell Devon . Sanforda 1086 (DB), Saunford Peverel 1275. Manorial affix from the Peverel family, here in the 12th cent. Sampford Spiney Devon . Sanforda 1086 (DB), Saundford Spyneye 1304. Manorial affix from the Spiney family, here in the 13th cent.

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Sancreed Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Sancretus’ 1235.

From the patron saint of the church, St Sancred.

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Sancton E. R. Yorks. Santun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead with sandy soil’.
OE sand + tn.

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Sandall, Kirk S. Yorks. Sandala 1086 (DB), Kirke Sandale 1261.

‘Sandy nook of land’.
OE sand + halh. Affix is
OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Sandbach Ches. Sanbec 1086 (DB).

‘Sandy valley-stream’.
OE sand + bæce.

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Sandbanks Dorset ,

a modern name not recorded before c.1800, and self-explanatory.

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Sanderstead Surrey . Sondenstede c.880, Sandestede 1086 (DB).

‘Sandy homestead’.
OE sand + hm-styde.

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Sandford,

‘sandy ford’,
OE sand + ford: Sandford Cumbria . Saunford c.1210. Sandford Devon . Sandforda 930. Sandford Shrops. Sanford 1086 (DB). Sandford on Thames Oxon. Sandforda 1050, Sanford 1086 (DB). Sandford Orcas Dorset. Sanford 1086 (DB), Sandford Horscoys 1372. Manorial affix from the Orescuils family, here from the 12th cent. Sandford St Martin Oxon. Sanford 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Sandgate Kent . Sandgate 1256.

‘Gap or gate leading to the sandy shore’.
OE sand + geat.

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Sandhoe Northum. Sandho 1225.

‘Sandy hill-spur’.
OE sand + hh.

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Sandhurst,

‘sandy wooded hill’,
OE sand + hyrst: Sandhurst Berks. Sandherst 1175. Sandhurst Glos. Sanher (sic) 1086 (DB), Sandhurst 12th cent. Sandhurst Kent . Sandhyrste c.1100.

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Sandhutton N. Yorks . Hotune 1086 (DB), Sandhoton 12th cent.

‘Farmstead on a sandy spur of land’.
OE sand + hh + tn.

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Sand Hutton N. Yorks. ,

see HUTTON.

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Sandiacre Derbys . Sandiacre 1086 (DB).

‘Sandy cultivated land’.
OE sandig + æcer.

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Sandon,

‘sandy hill’,
OE sand + dn: Sandon Essex . Sandun 1199. Sandon Herts. Sandune c.1000, Sandone 1086 (DB). Sandon Staffs . Sandone 1086 (DB).

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Sandown I. of Wight . Sande (sic) 1086 (DB), Sandham 1271.

‘Sandy enclosure or river-meadow’.
OE sand + hamm.

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Sandown Park Surrey . Sandone 1235.

‘Sandy hill or down’.
OE sand + dn.

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Sandridge Herts. Sandrige 1086 (DB).

‘Sandy ridge’.
OE sand + hrycg. The same name occurs in Devon.

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Sandringham Norfolk . Santdersincham 1086 (DB).

‘The sandy part of DERSINGHAM’. The affix is
OE sand.

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Sandtoft N. Lincs. Sandtofte 1157.

‘Sandy building plot or curtilage’.
OScand. sandr + toft.

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Sandwell W. Mids. Saundwell 13th cent.

‘Sandy spring’.
OE sand + wella.

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Sandwich Kent . Sandwicæ c.710–20, Sandwice 1086 (DB).

‘Sandy harbour or trading centre’.
OE sand + wc.

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Sandwith Cumbria . Sandwath 1260.

‘Sandy ford’.
OScand. sandr + vath.

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Sandy Beds. Sandeie 1086 (DB).

‘Sandy island’.
OE sand + g.

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Sankey, Great Ches. Sonchi c.1180.

Named from the River Sankey, a pre-English river-name of uncertain origin and meaning.

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Santon,

‘farmstead with sandy soil’,
OE sand + tn: Santon Bridge Cumbria . Santon c.1235. Santon, Low N. Lincs. Santone 1086 (DB).

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Sapcote Leics. Scepecote 1086 (DB).

‘Shed or shelter for sheep’.
OE scap + cot.

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Sapey, Lower & Upper Heref. & Worcs. Sapian 781, Sapie 1086 (DB).

Probably from
OE sæpig ‘sappy, juicy’, originally applied to Sapey Brook.

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Sapiston Suffolk . Sapestuna 1086 (DB).

OE tn ‘farmstead’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Sapley Cambs. Sappele 1227.

‘Wood or clearing where fir-trees grow’.
OE sæppe + lah.

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Sapperton,

‘farmstead of the soap-makers or soap-merchants’,
OE spere + tn: Sapperton Glos. Sapertun c.1075, Sapletorne (sic) 1086 (DB). Sapperton Lincs. Sapretone 1086 (DB).

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Sarnesfield Heref. & Worcs. Sarnesfelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land by a road’.
OWelsh sarn + OE feld.

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Sarratt Herts. Syreth c.1085.

Possibly ‘dry or barren place’.
OE seret.

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Sarre Kent . Serræ 761.

Obscure in origin and meaning, but possibly an old pre-English name for the River Wantsum.

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Sarsden Oxon. Secendene (sic) 1086 (DB), Cerchesdena c.1180.

Probably ‘valley of the church’.
OE cirice + denu.

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Sarum, Old Wilts. ,

see SALISBURY.

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Satley Durham . Sateley 1228.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing with a stable or fold’.
OE set + lah.

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Satterleigh Devon . Saterlei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the robbers’.
OE stere + lah.

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Satterthwaite Cumbria . Saterthwayt 1336.

Probably ‘clearing by a hut or shieling’.
OScand. str + thveit.

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Saughall, Great & Little Ches. Salhale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + halh.

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Saul Glos. Salle 12th cent.

‘Wood or clearing where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + lah.

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Saundby Notts. Sandebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Sandi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OScand. sandr ‘sand’.

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Saunderton Bucks. Santesdune 1086 (DB), Santredon 1196.

OE dn ‘hill’ with an uncertain first element.

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Savernake Forest Wilts . Safernoc 934.

Probably ‘district of a river called Sabrina or Severn’, from a derivative of an ancient pre-English river-name (perhaps applied originally to the River Bedwyn) of unknown origin and meaning.

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Sawbridgeworth Herts. Sabrixteworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Sbeorht’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Sawdon N. Yorks . Saldene early 13th cent.

‘Valley where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + denu.

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Sawley Derbys . Salle (sic) 1086 (DB), Sallawa 1166.

‘Hill or mound where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + hlw.

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Sawley Lancs. Sotleie (sic) 1086 (DB), Sallaia 1147.

‘Woodland clearing where sallow-trees grow’.
OE salh + lah.

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Sawley N. Yorks . Sallege c.1030.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Sawrey, Far & Near Cumbria . Sourer 1336.

‘The sour or muddy grounds’.
OScand. saurr in a plural form saurar.

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Sawston Cambs. Salsingetune 970, Salsiton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Salse’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Sawtry Cambs. Saltreiam 974, Saltrede 1086 (DB).

‘Salty stream’.
OE salt + rth.

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Saxby,

probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Saksi’,
OScand. pers. name + bý, but alternatively the first element may be
OScand. Saksar ‘Saxons’: Saxby Leics. Saxebi 1086 (DB). Saxby Lincs. Sassebi 1086 (DB). Saxby All Saints N. Lincs. Saxebi 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Saxelby Leics. Saxelbie 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Saksulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Saxham, Great & Little Suffolk . Saxham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the Saxons’.
OE Seaxe + hm.

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Saxilby Lincs. Saxebi (sic) 1086 (DB), Saxlabi c.1115.

Identical in origin with SAXELBY.

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Saxlingham,

‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Seaxel or Seaxhelm’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm: Saxlingham Norfolk . Saxelingaham 1086 (DB). Saxlingham Nethergate Norfolk . Seaxlingaham 1046, Saiselingaham 1086 (DB). The affix, first found in the 13th cent., means ‘lower gate or street’.

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Saxmundham Suffolk . Sasmundeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Seaxmund’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Saxondale Notts. Saxeden 1086 (DB), Saxendala c.1130.

‘Valley of the Saxons’.
OE Seaxe + dæl (replacing denu).

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Saxtead Suffolk . Saxteda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘place of a man called Seaxa’.
OE pers. name + stede.

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Saxthorpe Norfolk . Saxthorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Saksi’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Saxton N. Yorks . Saxtun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the Saxons, or of a man called Saksi’.
OE Seaxe or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Scackleton N. Yorks . Scacheldene 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley by a point of land’.
OE scacol (with Scand. sk-) + denu.

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Scaftworth Notts. Scafteorde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Sceafta or Skapti’,
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE worth. Alternatively ‘enclosure made with poles’,
OE sceaft (with Scand. sk-) + worth.

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Scagglethorpe N. Yorks . Scachetorp 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Skakull or Skakli’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Scalby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Skalli’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Scalby E. R. Yorks . Scalleby 1230. Scalby N. Yorks . Scallebi 1086 (DB).

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Scaldwell Northants. Scaldewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Shallow spring or stream’.
OE scald (with Scand. sk-) + wella.

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Scaleby Cumbria . Schaleby c.1235.

‘Farmstead or village near the huts or shielings’.
OScand. skáli + bý.

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Scales,

a common name in the North, ‘the temporary huts or sheds’,
OScand. skáli; examples include: Scales Cumbria, near Aldingham . Scales 1269. Scales Cumbria, near Threlkeld . Skales 1323. Scales Lancs., near Newton . Skalys 1501.

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Scalford Leics. Scaldeford 1086 (DB).

‘Shallow ford’.
OE scald (with Scand. sk-) + ford.

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Scamblesby Lincs. Scamelesbi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Skammel’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Scampston N. Yorks . Scameston 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Skammr or Skammel’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Scampton Lincs. Scantone 1086 (DB).

‘Short farmstead, or farmstead of a man called Skammi’.
OScand. skammr or pers. name + OE tn.

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Scarborough N. Yorks . Escardeburg c.1160.

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Skarthi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE burh.

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Scarcliffe Derbys . Scardeclif 1086 (DB).

‘Cliff or steep slope with a gap’.
OE sceard (with Scand. sk-) + clif.

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Scarcroft W. Yorks . Scardecroft 1166.

Probably ‘enclosure in a gap’.
OE sceard (with Scand. sk-) + croft.

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Scargill Durham . Scracreghil 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ravine frequented by mergansers or similar seabirds’.
OScand. skraki + gil.

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Scarisbrick Lancs. Scharisbrec c.1200.

Possibly ‘hill-side or slope by a hollow’.
OScand. skar + brekka.

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Scarle, North (Lincs. ) & South (Notts. ). Scornelei 1086 (DB).

‘Mud or dung clearing’.
OE scearn (with Scand. sk-) + lah.

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Scarning Norfolk . Scerninga 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘the muddy or dirty place’.
OE scearn (with Scand. sk-) + -ing.

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Scarrington Notts. Scarintone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘muddy or dirty farmstead’.
OE scearnig (with Scand. sk-) + tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE scearning ‘dirty place’.

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Scartho NE. Lincs. Scarhou 1086 (DB).

‘Mound near a gap, or one frequented by cormorants’.
OScand. skarth or skarfr + haugr.

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Scawby N. Lincs. Scallebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Skalli’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Scawton N. Yorks . Scaltun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead in a hollow or with a shieling’.
OScand. skál or skáli + OE tn.

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Scholar Green Ches. Scholehalc late 13th cent.

‘Nook of land with a hut or shieling’.
OScand. skáli + OE halh.

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Scholes,

a common name in the North, ‘the temporary huts or sheds’,
OScand. skáli; examples include: Scholes W. Yorks., near Holmfirth . Scholes 1284. Scholes W. Yorks., near Leeds . Skales 1258.

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Scilly Isles Cornwall . Sully 12th cent.

An ancient pre-English name first recorded in the first century AD, of unknown origin and meaning.

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Scole Norfolk . Escales 1191.

‘The temporary huts or sheds’.
OScand. skáli.

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Scopwick Lincs. Scapeuic 1086 (DB).

‘Sheep farm’.
OE scap (with Scand. sk-) + wc.

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Scorborough E. R. Yorks. Scogerbud 1086 (DB).

‘Booth or shelter in a wood’.
OScand. skógr + búth.

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Scorton,

‘farmstead near a ditch or ravine’,
OScand. skor + OE tn: Scorton Lancs. Scourton c.1550. Scorton N. Yorks . Scortone 1086 (DB).

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Sco Ruston Norfolk ,

see RUSTON.

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Scotby Cumbria . Scoteby 1130.

‘Farmstead or village of the Scots’.
OScand. Skoti + bý.

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Scotch Corner N. Yorks. ,

road junction on the Great North Road so called because the main road to SW Scotland via Carlisle branches off here.

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Scotforth Lancs. Scozforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford used by the Scot or Scots’.
OE Scot (with Scand. sk-) + ford.

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Scothern Lincs. Scotstorne 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-tree of the Scot or Scots’.
OE Scot (with Scand. sk-) + thorn.

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Scotter Lincs. Scot(e)re 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘tree of the Scots’.
OE Scot (with Scand. sk-) + trow.

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Scotterthorpe Lincs. Scaltorp 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Skalli’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Scotton,

‘farmstead of the Scots’,
OE Scot (with Scand. sk-) + tn: Scotton Lincs. Scottun 1060–6, Scotone 1086 (DB). Scotton N. Yorks., near Knaresborough . Scotone 1086 (DB). Scotton N. Yorks., near Richmond . Scottune 1086 (DB).

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Scottow Norfolk . Scoteho 1044–7, Scotohou 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of the Scots’.
OE Scot (with Scand. sk-) + hh.

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Scoulton Norfolk . Sculetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Skúli’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Scrafton, West N. Yorks . Scraftun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near a hollow’.
OE scræf (with Scand. sk-) + tn.

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Scrainwood Northum. Scravenwod 1242.

‘Wood frequented by shrewmice or villains’.
OE scrawa (genitive plural -ena and with Scand. sk-) + wudu.

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Scrane End Lincs. Screinga 12th cent.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Scrhah’ from an
OE pers. name + -ingas, or ‘structure(s) made of poles’ from an OE scræging (with Scand. sk-).

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Scraptoft Leics. Scraptoft 1043, Scrapentot (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of a man called Skrápi’.
OScand. pers. name + toft.

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Scratby Norfolk . Scroutebi c.1020, Scroteby 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Skrauti’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Scrayingham N. Yorks . Screngham, Escraingham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Scrhah’ from an
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm, or ‘homestead with a structure of poles’ from an
OE scræging (with Scand. sk-) + hm.

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Scredington Lincs. Scredinctun 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Scrheard’.
OE pers. name (with Scand. sk-) + -ing- + tn.

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Scremby Lincs. Screnbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Skræma’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Scremerston Northum. Schermereton 1196.

‘Estate of the Skermer family’.
ME surname + OE tn.

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Scriven N. Yorks . Scrauing(h)e 1086 (DB).

‘Hollow place with pits’.
OE screfen (with Scand. sk-).

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Scrooby Notts. Scrobi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Skropi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Scropton Derbys . Scrotun (sic) 1086 (DB), Scropton c.1141.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Skropi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Scruton N. Yorks . Scurvetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Skurfa’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Sculthorpe Norfolk . Sculatorpa 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Skúli’.
OScand. pers name + thorp.

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Scunthorpe N. Lincs. Escumetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Skúma’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Seaborough Dorset. Seveberge 1086 (DB).

‘Seven hills or barrows’.
OE seofon + beorg.

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Seacombe Mersey . Secumbe c.1277.

‘Valley by the sea’.
OE s + cumb.

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Seacroft W. Yorks . Sacroft 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure by a pool or marsh’.
OE s + croft.

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Seaford E. Sussex . Saforde 12th cent.

‘Ford by the sea’.
OE s + ford. The River Ouse flowed into the sea here until the 16th cent.

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Seaforth Mersey. ,

a recent name, from Seaforth House in Litherland which was named after Lord Seaforth in the early 19th cent.

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Seagrave Leics. Setgraue 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘grove with or near a pit’.
OE sath + grf.

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Seagry, Upper Wilts . Segrete 1086 (DB).

‘Stream where sedge grows’.
OE secg + rth.

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Seaham Durham . Sæham c.1050.

‘Homestead or village by the sea’.
OE s + hm.

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Seal Kent . La Sela 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘the hall or dwelling’,
OE sele. Alternatively ‘the sallow-tree copse’,
OE sele.

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Seamer,

‘lake or marsh pool’,
OE s + mere: Seamer N. Yorks., near Scarborough . Semær 1086 (DB). Seamer N. Yorks., near Stokesley . Semer 1086 (DB).

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Sea Palling Norfolk ,

see PALLING.

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Searby Lincs. Seurebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the seafarers, or of a man called Sæfari’.
OScand. sæfari or pers. name + bý.

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Seasalter Kent . Seseltre 1086 (DB).

‘Salt-works on the sea’.
OE s + sealt-ærn.

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Seascale Cumbria . Sescales c.1165.

‘Shieling(s) or hut(s) by the sea’.
OScand. sr + skáli.

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Seathwaite Cumbria, near Borrowdale . Seuethwayt 1292.

‘Sedge clearing’.
OScand. sef + thveit.

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Seathwaite Cumbria., near Ulpha . Seathwhot 1592.

‘Lake clearing’.
OScand. sr + thveit.

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Seaton,

usually ‘farmstead by the sea or by an inland pool’,
OE s + tn; examples include: Seaton Devon . Seton 1238. Seaton Cumbria, near Workington . Setona c.1174. Seaton Carew Hartlepl. Setona late 12th cent., Seton Carrowe 1345. Manorial affix from the Carou family, here in the 12th cent. Seaton Delaval Northum. Seton de la Val 1270. Manorial affix from the de la Val family, here in the 13th cent. Seaton Ross E. R. Yorks. Seton 1086 (DB), Seaton Rosse 1618. Manorial affix from the Ross family who held the vill from the 12th cent.
However the following has a different origin: Seaton Rutland . Segentone, Seieton 1086 (DB). Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Sga’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Seavington St Michael & St Mary Somerset . Seofenempton c.1025, Sevenehantune 1086 (DB).

‘Village of seven homesteads’.
OE seofon + hm-tn. Distinguishing affixes from the dedications of the churches here.

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Sebergham Cumbria . Saburgham 1223.

Probably ‘homestead of a woman called Sburh’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Seckington Warwicks. Seccandun late 9th cent., Sechintone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Secca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -an) + dn.

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Sedbergh Cumbria . Sedberge 1086 (DB).

OScand. set-berg ‘a flat-topped hill’.

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Sedgeberrow Heref. & Worcs. Segcgesbearuue 777, Seggesbarue 1086 (DB).

‘Grove of a man called Secg’.
OE pers. name + bearu.

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Sedgebrook Lincs. Sechebroc 1086 (DB).

‘Brook where sedge grows’.
OE secg + brc.

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Sedgefield Durham . Ceddesfeld c.1050.

‘Open land of a man called Cedd or Secg’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Sedgeford Norfolk . Secesforda 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ford of a man called Secci’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Sedgehill Wilts . Seghulle early 12th cent.

‘Hill of a man called Secga, or near where sedge grows’.
OE pers. name or OE secg + hyll.

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Sedgley W. Mids. Secgesleage 985, Segleslei (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Secg’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Sedgwick Cumbria . Sigghiswic c.1185.

‘Dwelling or farm of a man called Sicg’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Sedlescombe E. Sussex . Selescome (sic) 1086 (DB), Sedelescumbe c.1210.

Probably ‘valley with a house or dwelling’.
OE sedl + cumb.

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Seend Wilts . Sinda 1190.

Probably ‘sandy place’.
OE sende.

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Seer Green Bucks. La Sere 1223.

‘The dry or barren place’.
OE sar.

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Seething Norfolk . Sithinges 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Sth(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Sefton Mersey . Sextone (sic) 1086 (DB), Sefftun c.1220.

‘Farmstead where rushes grow’.
OScand. sef + OE tn.

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Seghill Northum. Syghal 1198.

Possibly ‘nook of land by a stream called Sige’.
OE river-name (meaning ‘slow-moving’) + halh.

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Seighford Staffs . Cesteforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by an old fortification’.
OE ceaster + ford.

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Selattyn Shrops. Sulatun 1254.

‘Settlement with ploughs or ploughlands’, or ‘settlement characterized by gullies’.
OE sulh (genitive plural sula) + tn.

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Selborne Hants. Seleborne 903, Selesburne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream by (a copse of) sallow-trees’.
OE sealh or sele + burna.

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Selby N. Yorks . Seleby c.1030, Salebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village near (a copse of) sallow-trees’.
OE sele or OScand. selja + OScand. bý.

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Selham W. Sussex . Seleham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead by a copse of sallow-trees’.
OE sele + hm.

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Sellack Heref. & Worcs. Lann Suluc c.1130.

‘Church of Suluc (a pet-form of Suliau)’. From the dedication of the church (
OWelsh lann).

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Sellafield Cumbria . Sellofeld 1576.

Probably ‘land by the willow-tree mound’.
OScand. selja + haugr + OE feld.

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Sellindge Kent . Sedlinges 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) those sharing a house or building’, from
OE sedl + -ingas. Alternatively ‘place at a house or building’,
OE sedl + -ing.

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Selling Kent . Setlinges 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Selly Oak W. Mids. Escelie (sic) 1086 (DB), Selvele 1204.

‘Woodland clearing on a shelf or ledge’.
OE scelf + lah, with the later addition oak.

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Selmeston E. Sussex . Sielmestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Sigehelm’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Selsdon Gtr. London . Selesdune c.880.

‘Hill of a man called Sele or Seli’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Selsey W. Sussex . Seolesiae c.715, Seleisie 1086 (DB).

‘Island of the seal’.
OE seolh + g. Selsey Bill , not recorded until the 18th cent., is from
OE bile ‘a bill, a beak’ used topographically for ‘promontory’.

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Selsley Glos. ,

not recorded before the late 18th cent., origin uncertain without earlier spellings.

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Selston Notts. Salestune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Sele or Seli’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Selwood Somerset . Seluudu c.894.

‘Wood where sallow-trees grow’.
OE sealh + wudu.

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Selworthy Somerset . Seleuurde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure by a copse of sallow-trees’.
OE sele + worth(ig).

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Semer Suffolk . Seamera 1086 (DB).

‘Lake or marsh pool’.
OE s + mere.

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Semington Wilts . Semneton 13th cent.

‘Farmstead on the stream called Semnet’.
Pre-English river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE tn.

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Semley Wilts . Semeleage 955.

‘Woodland clearing on the River Sem’.
Pre-English river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE lah.

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Sempringham Lincs. Sempingaham 852, Sepingeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Sempringham 1150.

‘Homestead of the Semp(r)ingas’.
OE hm with a tribal name of uncertain origin.

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Send Surrey . Sendan 960–2, Sande 1086 (DB).

‘Sandy place’.
OE sende.

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Sennen Cornwall .

‘Parish of Sancta Senana’ 1327. From the female patron saint of the church.

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Sessay N. Yorks . Sezai 1086 (DB).

‘Island or well-watered land where sedge grows’.
OE secg + g.

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Setchey Norfolk . Seche (sic) 1086 (DB), Sechithe 13th cent.

Possibly ‘landing-place of a man called Secci’.
OE pers. name + hth.

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Settle N. Yorks . Setel 1086 (DB).

‘The house or dwelling’.
OE setl.

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Settrington N. Yorks . Sendriton (sic) 1086 (DB), Seteringetune c.1090.

Possibly ‘estate associated with a robber or with a man called Stere’.
OE stere or OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Seven (river) N. Yorks. ,

see SINNINGTON.

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Sevenhampton,

‘village of seven homesteads’,
OE seofon + hm-tn: Sevenhampton Glos. Sevenhamtone 1086 (DB). Sevenhampton Wilts . Sevamentone 1086 (DB).

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Sevenoaks Kent . Seouenaca c.1100.

‘(Place by) seven oak-trees’.
OE seofon + c.

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Severn (river) Shrops.-Somerset. Sabrina 2nd cent. AD, Sauerna 1086 (DB).

An ancient pre-English river-name of doubtful etymology.

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Severn Stoke Heref. & Worcs. ,

see STOKE.

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Sevington Kent . Seivetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a woman called Sgifu’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Sewerby E. R. Yorks. Siuuardbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Sigvarthr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Sewstern Leics. Sewesten (sic) 1086 (DB), Seustern c.1125.

Possibly ‘seven properties’,
OE seofon + sterne. Alternatively ‘pool of a man called Swig’,
OE pers. name + OScand. tjrn.

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Sezincote Glos. Ch(i)esnecote 1086 (DB).

‘Gravelly cottage(s)’.
OE cisen + cot.

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Shabbington Bucks. Sobintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Sc(e)obba’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Shackerstone Leics. Sacrestone 1086 (DB).

‘The robber's farmstead’.
OE scacere + tn.

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Shadforth Durham . Shaldeford 1183.

‘Shallow ford’.
OE sc(e)ald + ford.

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Shadingfield Suffolk . Scadenafella 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘open land by the boundary valley’.
OE scad + denu + feld.

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Shadoxhurst Kent . Schettokesherst 1239.

OE hyrst ‘wooded hill’ with an uncertain first element, probably a pers. name or surname.

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Shaftesbury Dorset . Sceaftesburi 877, Sceftesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place of a man called Sceaft, or on a shaft-shaped hill’.
OE pers. name or OE sceaft + burh (dative byrig).

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Shafton S. Yorks. Sceptun (sic) 1086 (DB), Scaftona c.1160.

‘Farmstead marked by a pole, or made with poles’.
OE sceaft + tn.

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Shalbourne Wilts . Scealdeburnan 955, Scaldeburne 1086 (DB).

‘Shallow stream’.
OE sceald + burna.

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Shalcombe I. of Wight . Eseldecome 1086 (DB).

‘Shallow valley’.
OE sceald + cumb.

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Shalden Hants. Scealdeden 1046, Seldene 1086 (DB).

‘Shallow valley’.
OE sceald + denu.

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Shaldon Devon ,

not recorded before the early 17th cent., probably from
OE dn ‘hill’ but first element uncertain without early spellings.

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Shalfleet I. of Wight . Scealdan fleote 838, Seldeflet 1086 (DB).

‘Shallow stream or creek’.
OE sceald + flot.

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Shalford,

‘shallow ford’,
OE sceald + ford: Shalford Essex . Scaldefort 1086 (DB). Shalford Surrey . Scaldefor 1086 (DB).

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Shalstone Bucks. Celdestone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead at the shallow place or stream’.
OE sceald (used as a noun) + tn.

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Shangton Leics. Sanctone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a hill-spur, or of a man called Scanca’.
OE scanca or pers. name + tn.

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Shanklin I. of Wight . Sencliz 1086 (DB).

‘Bank by the drinking cup’ (referring to the waterfall here).
OE scenc + hlinc.

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Shap Cumbria . Hep c.1190.

‘The heap of stones’ (referring to an ancient stone circle).
OE hap.

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Shapwick,

‘sheep farm’,
OE scap + wc: Shapwick Dorset. Scapeuuic 1086 (DB). Shapwick Somerset . Sapwic 725, Sapeswich 1086 (DB).

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Shardlow Derbys . Serdelau 1086 (DB).

‘Mound with a notch or indentation’.
OE sceard + hlw.

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Shareshill Staffs . Servesed (sic) 1086 (DB), Sarueshull 1213, Sarushulf 1298.

Probably ‘hill (or shelf of land) of a man called Scearf’.
OE pers. name + hyll (alternating with OE scylf in the early forms).

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Sharlston W. Yorks . Scharueston c.1180.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Scearf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Sharnbrook Beds. Scernebroc 1086 (DB).

‘Dirty or muddy brook’.
OE scearn + brc.

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Sharnford Leics. Scearnford 1002, Scerneforde 1086 (DB).

‘Dirty or muddy ford’.
OE scearn + ford.

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Sharow N. Yorks . Sharou c.1130.

‘Boundary hill-spur’.
OE scearu + hh.

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Sharpenhoe Beds. Scarpeho 1197.

‘Sharp or steep hill-spur’.
OE scearp (dative -an) + hh.

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Sharperton Northum. Scharberton 1242.

Possibly ‘farmstead by the steep hill’.
OE scearp + beorg + tn.

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Sharpness Glos. Nesse 1086 (DB), Schobbenasse 1368.

‘Headland of a man called Scobba’.
OE pers. name + næss.

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Sharrington Norfolk . Scarnetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Dirty or muddy farmstead’.
OE scearn (dative -an) + tn.

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Shaugh Prior Devon . Scage 1086 (DB).

‘Small wood or copse’.
OE sc(e)aga. Affix from its early possession by Plympton Priory.

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Shavington Ches. Santune (sic) 1086 (DB), Shawynton 1260.

‘Estate associated with a man called Scafa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Shaw,

‘small wood or copse’,
OE sc(e)aga: Shaw Berks. Essages (sic) 1086 (DB), Shage 1167. Shaw Gtr. Manch. Shaghe 1555. Shaw Wilts . Schawe 1256.

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Shawbury Shrops. Sawesberie 1086 (DB), Shawberia c.1165.

‘Manor house by a small wood or copse’.
OE sc(e)aga + burh (dative byrig).

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Shawell Leics. Sawelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Schadewelle 1224.

‘Boundary spring or stream’.
OE scath + wella.

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Shawford Hants. Scaldeforda 1208.

‘Shallow ford’.
OE sceald + ford.

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Sheaf (river) Derbys., S. Yorks. ,

see SHEFFIELD.

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Shearsby Leics. Svevesbi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Swf or Skeifr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Shebbear Devon . Sceftbeara 1050–73, Sepesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Grove where shafts or poles are got’.
OE sceaft + bearu.

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Shebdon Staffs . Schebbedon 1267.

‘Hill of a man called Sceobba’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Shedfield Hants. Scidafelda 956.

‘Open land where planks of wood are got, or where they are used as foot-bridges’.
OE scd + feld.

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Sheen,

‘the sheds or shelters’,
OE sco in a plural form scon: Sheen Staffs . Sceon 1002, 1086 (DB). Sheen, East , , North , & West Gtr. London . Sceon c.950. West Sheen was the earlier name for RICHMOND.

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Sheepstor Devon . Sitelestorra 1168.

Possibly ‘craggy hill thought to resemble a bar or bolt’,
OE scytels + torr. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE scitels ‘dung’.

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Sheepwash Devon . Schepewast 1166.

‘Place where sheep are dipped’.
OE scap-wæsce.

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Sheepy Magna & Parva Leics. Scepehe 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, where sheep graze’.
OE scap + g. Distinguishing affixes are
Latin magna ‘great’ and parva ‘little’.

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Sheering Essex . Sceringa 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Scear(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Sheerness Kent . Scerhnesse 1203.

Probably ‘bright headland’.
OE scr + næss. Alternatively the first element may be
OE scear ‘plough-share’ alluding to the shape of the headland.

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Sheet Hants. Syeta c.1210.

‘Projecting piece of land, corner or nook’.
OE scete.

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Sheffield S. Yorks. Scafeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land by the River Sheaf’.
OE river-name (from scath ‘boundary’) + feld.

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Sheffield Bottom Berks. Sewelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Scheaffelda 1167.

‘Open land with a shelter’.
OE sco + feld.

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Sheffield Green E. Sussex . Sifelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Shipfeud 1272.

‘Open land where sheep graze’.
OE scap + feld.

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Shefford,

‘ford used for sheep’,
OE scap or scep + ford: Shefford Beds. Sepford 1220. Shefford, East & Great Berks. Siford (sic) 1086 (DB), Schipforda 1167.

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Sheinton Shrops. Sc(h)entune 1086 (DB), Sheinton 1222.

Possibly ‘farmstead or estate associated with a man called Scna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Sheldon Derbys . Scelhadun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘heathy hill with a shelf or ledge’.
OE scelf + hth + dn.

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Sheldon Devon . Sildene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley with steeply shelving sides’.
OE scylf + denu.

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Sheldon W. Mids. Scheldon 1189.

‘Shelf hill’.
OE scelf + dn.

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Sheldwich Kent . Scilduuic 784.

‘Dwelling or farm with a shelter’.
OE sceld + wc.

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Shelf W. Yorks . Scelf 1086 (DB).

‘Shelving terrain’.
OE scelf.

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Shelfanger Norfolk . Sceluangra 1086 (DB).

‘Wood on sloping ground’.
OE scelf + hangra.

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Shelfield,

‘hill with a shelf or plateau’,
OE scelf + hyll: Shelfield Warwicks. Shelfhulle 1221. Shelfield W. Mids. Scelfeld (sic) 1086 (DB), Schelfhul 1271.

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Shelford,

‘ford at a shallow place’,
OE sceldu + ford: Shelford Notts. Scelforde 1086 (DB). Shelford, Great & Little Cambs. Scelford c.1050, Escelforde 1086 (DB).

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Shelley W. Yorks . Scelneleie (sic) 1086 (DB), Shelfleie 1198.

‘Woodland clearing on shelving terrain’.
OE scelf + lah.

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Shellingford Oxon. Scaringaford 931, Serengeford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of the family or followers of a man called Scear’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + ford.

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Shellow Bowells Essex . Scelga 1086 (DB), Scheuele Boueles 1303.

‘Winding river’ (with reference to the River Roding).
OE Sceolge from sceolh ‘twisted’. Manorial affix from the de Bueles family, here in the 13th cent.

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Shelton,

‘farmstead on a shelf of flat or sloping ground’,
OE scelf + tn: Shelton Beds. Eseltone 1086 (DB). Shelton Norfolk . Sceltuna 1086 (DB). Shelton Notts. Sceltun 1086 (DB). Shelton Shrops. Saltone (sic) 1086 (DB), Shelfton 1221.

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Shelve Shrops. Schelfe 1180.

‘Shelf of level ground’.
OE scelf.

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Shelwick Heref. & Worcs. Scelwiche 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or farm with a shelter’.
OE sceld + wc.

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Shenfield Essex . Scenefelda 1086 (DB).

‘Beautiful open land’.
OE scne + feld.

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Shenington Oxon. Senendone 1086 (DB).

‘Beautiful hill’.
OE scne (dative -an) + dn.

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Shenley,

‘bright or beautiful woodland glade’,
OE scne + lah: Shenley Bucks. Senelai 1086 (DB). Shenley Herts. Scenlai 1086 (DB).

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Shenstone Staffs . Seneste (sic) 1086 (DB), Scenstan 11th cent.

‘Beautiful stone’.
OE scne + stn.

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Shenton Leics. Scenctun 1002, Scentone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Sence’.
OE river-name (from scenc ‘drinking cup’) + tn.

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Shepley W. Yorks . Scipelei 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing where sheep are kept’.
OE scap + lah.

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Shepperton Surrey . Scepertune 959, Scepertone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of the shepherd(s)’.
OE scap-hirde + tn.

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Sheppey, Isle of Kent . Scepeig 696–716, Scape 1086 (DB).

‘Island where sheep are kept’.
OE scap + g.

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Shepreth Cambs. Esceprid 1086 (DB).

‘Sheep stream’.
OE scap + rth.

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Shepshed Leics. Scepeshefde 1086 (DB).

‘Sheep headland’.
OE scap + hafod.

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Shepton,

‘sheep farm’,
OE scap + tn: Shepton Beauchamp Somerset . Sceptone 1086 (DB), Septon Belli campi 1266. Manorial affix from the de Beauchamp (
Latin de Bello campo) family, here in the 13th cent. Shepton Mallet Somerset . Sepetone 1086 (DB), Scheopton Malet 1228. Manorial affix from the Malet family, here in the 12th cent. Shepton Montague Somerset . Sceptone 1086 (DB), Schuptone Montagu 1285. Manorial affix from Drogo de Montacute, tenant in 1086.

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Sheraton Durham . Scurufatun c.1040.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Skurfa’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Sherborne, Sherbourne, Sherburn,

‘(place at) the bright or clear stream’,
OE scr + burna: Sherborne Dorset. Scireburnan 864, Scireburne 1086 (DB). Sherborne Glos. Scireburne 1086 (DB). Sherborne St John & Monk Sherborne Hants. Sireburne, Sireborne 1086 (DB), Shireburna Johannis 1167, Schireburne Monachorum c.1270. Distinguishing affixes from possession by Robert de Sancto Johanne in the 13th cent., and from the priory here (
Latin monachorum ‘of the monks’). Sherbourne Warwicks. Scireburne 1086 (DB). Sherburn Durham . Scireburne c.1170. Sherburn N. Yorks . Scire(s)burne 1086 (DB). Sherburn in Elmet N. Yorks . Scirburnan c.900, Scireburne 1086 (DB). For the old district name Elmet, see BARWICK.

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Shere Surrey . Essira 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the bright or clear stream’.
OE scr.

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Shereford Norfolk . Sciraford 1086 (DB).

‘Bright or clear ford’.
OE scr + ford.

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Sherfield,

probably ‘bright open land’, i.e. having sparse vegetation,
OE scr + feld: Sherfield English Hants. Sirefelle 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from le Engleis family, here in the 14th cent. Sherfield on London Hants. Schirefeld 1179. Loddon is a
Celtic river-name (possibly meaning ‘muddy stream’).

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Sherford Devon . Scireford c.1050, Sirefort 1086 (DB).

‘Bright or clear ford’.
OE scr + ford.

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Sheriffhales Shrops. Halas 1086 (DB), Shiruehales 1301.

‘Nooks of land’,
OE halh in a plural form. Affix is
OE scr-rfa from possession by the Sheriff of Shropshire in 1086.

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Sheriff Hutton N. Yorks. ,

see HUTTON.

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Sheringham Norfolk . Silingeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Scheringham 1242.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Scra’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Sherington Bucks. Serintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Scra’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Shernborne Norfolk . Scernebrune 1086 (DB).

‘Dirty or muddy stream’.
OE scearn + burna.

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Sherrington Wilts . Scearntune 968, Scarentone 1086 (DB).

‘Dirty or muddy farmstead’.
OE scearn + tn.

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Sherston Wilts . Scorranstan 896, Sorestone 1086 (DB).

‘Stone or rock on a steep slope’.
OE scora + stn.

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Sherwood Forest Notts. Scirwuda 955.

‘Wood belonging to the shire’.
OE scr + wudu.

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Shevington Gtr. Manch. Shefinton c.1225.

Probably ‘farmstead near a hill called Shevin’.
Celtic cen ‘ridge’ + OE tn.

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Sheviock Cornwall . Savioch 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘strawberry place’. Cornish sevi + suffix -ek.

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Shields,

‘temporary sheds or huts (used by fisherman)’,
ME schele: Shields, North Tyne & Wear. Chelis 1268. Shields, South Tyne & Wear. Scheles 1235.

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Shifnal Shrops. Scuffanhalch 12th cent.

Probably ‘nook or hollow of a man called Scuffa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Shilbottle Northum. Schipplingbothill 1242.

Probably ‘dwelling of the men of SHIPLEY’.
Place-name + OE -inga- + btl.

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Shildon Durham . Sciluedon 1214.

‘Shelf hill’.
OE scylfe + dn.

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Shillingford,

probably ‘ford of the family or followers of a man called Sciell(a)’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + ford, but an OE stream-name Scielling ‘the noisy one’ may be an alternative first element: Shillingford Devon . Sellingeford 1179. Shillingford Oxon. Sillingeforda 1156. Shillingford St George Devon . Selingeforde 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Shillingstone Dorset. Akeford Skelling 1220, Shillyngeston 1444.

‘Schelin's estate (in OKEFORD)’.
OE tn with the name of the tenant in 1086 (DB).

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Shillington Beds. Scytlingedune 1060, Sethlindone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the family or followers of a man called Scyttel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + dn.

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Shilton,

‘farmstead on a shelf or ledge’,
OE scylf(e) + tn: Shilton Oxon. Scylftune 1044. Shilton Warwicks. Scelftone 1086 (DB). Shilton, Earl Leics. Sceltone 1086 (DB). Affix from its early possession by the Earls of Leicester.

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Shimpling,

probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Scimpel’,
OE pers. name + -ingas: Shimpling Norfolk . Simplingham c.1035, Simplinga 1086 (DB). Sometimes with
OE hm ‘homestead’ in early spellings. Shimpling Suffolk . Simplinga 1086 (DB).

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Shincliffe Durham . Scinneclif c.1085.

‘Cliff or bank haunted by a phantom or demon’.
OE scinna + clif.

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Shinfield Berks. Selingefelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Schiningefeld 1167.

‘Open land of the family or followers of a man called Scene’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Shipbourne Kent . Sciburna (sic) c.1100, Scipburn 1198.

‘Sheep stream’.
OE scap + burna.

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Shipdham Norfolk . Scipdham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead with a flock of sheep’.
OE scpde + hm.

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Shiplake Oxon. Siplac 1163.

‘Sheep stream’.
OE scap + lacu.

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Shipley,

‘clearing or pasture where sheep are kept’,
OE scap or scep + lah; examples include: Shipley Northum. Schepley 1236. Shipley Shrops. Sciplei 1086 (DB). Shipley W. Sussex . Scapeleia 1073, Sepelei 1086 (DB). Shipley W. Yorks . Scipeleia 1086 (DB).

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Shipmeadow Suffolk . Scipmedu 1086 (DB).

‘Meadow for sheep’.
OE scap + m (dative mdwe).

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Shippon Oxon. Sipene 1086 (DB).

OE scypen ‘a cattle-shed’.

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Shipston on Stour Warwicks. Scepuuæisctune c.770, Scepwestun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the sheep-wash’.
OE scap-wæsce + tn. Stour is a
Celtic or OE river-name probably meaning ‘the strong one’.

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Shipton,

usually ‘sheep farm’,
OE scap or scep + tn; examples include: Shipton Shrops. Scipetune 1086 (DB). Shipton Bellinger Hants. Sceptone 1086 (DB), Shupton Berenger 14th cent. Manorial affix from the Berenger family, here in the 13th cent. Shipton Gorge Dorset. Sepetone 1086 (DB), Shipton Gorges 1594. Manorial addition from the de Gorges family, here in the 13th cent. Shipton Moyne Glos. Sciptone 1086 (DB), Schipton Moine 1287. Manorial affix from the Moygne family, here from the 13th cent. Shipton under Wychwood Oxon. Sciptone 1086 (DB). Wychwood is an old forest-name, see ASCOTT UNDER WYCHWOOD.
However the following has a different origin: Shipton N. Yorks . Hipton 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead where rose-hips grow’.
OE hope + tn.

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Shirburn Oxon. Scireburne 1086 (DB).

‘Bright or clear stream’.
OE scr + burna.

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Shirebrook Derbys . Scirebroc 1202.

‘Boundary brook’ or ‘bright brook’.
OE scr (as noun or adjective) + brc.

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Shireoaks Notts. Shirakes 12th cent.

‘Oak-trees on the (county) boundary’.
OE scr + c. In the similar name Shire Oak (W. Mids. ) the meaning is rather ‘oak-tree marking the site of the shire assembly’.

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Shirland Derbys . Sirelunt 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘bright or sparsely wooded grove’.
OE scr + OScand. lundr.

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Shirley,

‘bright woodland clearing’ or perhaps sometimes ‘shire clearing’,
OE scr + lah: Shirley Derbys . Sirelei 1086 (DB). Shirley Gtr. London . Shirleye 1314. Shirley Hants. Sirelei 1086 (DB). Shirley W. Mids. Syrley c.1240.

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Shirrell Heath Hants. Scirhiltæ 826.

Probably ‘bright or sparsely wooded grove’.
OE scr + hylte, with the addition of heath from the 17th cent.

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Shirwell Devon . Sirewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Bright or clear spring or stream’.
OE scr + wella.

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Shobdon Heref. & Worcs. Scepedune (sic) 1086 (DB), Scobbedun 1242.

‘Hill of a man called Sceobba’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Shobrooke Devon . Sceocabroc 938, Sotebroca 1086 (DB).

‘Brook haunted by an evil spirit’.
OE sceocca + brc.

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Shocklach Ches. Socheliche 1086 (DB).

‘Boggy stream haunted by an evil spirit’.
OE sceocca + læcc.

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Shoeburyness, North Shoebury Essex . Sceobyrig early 10th cent., Soberia 1086 (DB), Shoberynesse 16th cent.

‘Fortress providing shelter’.
OE sco + burh (dative byrig), with the later addition of næss ‘promontory’.

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Sholden Kent . Shoueldune 1176.

Possibly ‘hill thought to resemble a shovel’.
OE scofl + dn.

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Sholing Hants. Sholling 1251.

Possibly ‘uneven or sloping place’.
OE sceolh + -ing.

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Shoreditch Gtr. London . Soredich c.1148

‘Ditch by a steep bank or slope’.
OE scora + dc.

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Shoreham,

‘homestead by a steep bank or slope’,
OE scora + hm: Shoreham Kent . Scorham 822. Shoreham by Sea W. Sussex . Sorham 1073, Soreham 1086 (DB).

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Shorncote Glos. Schernecote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) in a dirty or muddy place’.
OE scearn + cot.

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Shorne Kent . Scorene c.1100.

‘Steep place’.
OE scoren.

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Shorwell I. of Wight . Sorewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream by a steep slope’.
OE scora + wella.

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Shotesham Norfolk . Shotesham 1044–7, Scotesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Scot’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Shotley,

possibly ‘clearing frequented by pigeons, or where shooting takes place’,
OE sceote or sceot + lah: Shotley Suffolk . Scoteleia 1086 (DB). Shotley Bridge Northum. Schotley 1242. The important bridge here over the River Derwent spans the two counties of Northumberland and Durham.

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Shottermill Surrey . Shottover 1537, Schotouermyll 1607.

Probably ‘mill of a family called Shotover’.
ME surname + myln.

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Shottery Warwicks. Scotta rith 699–709.

Probably ‘stream of the Scots’.
OE Scot (genitive plural -a) + rth. Alternatively the first element may be
OE sc(e)ota ‘trout’.

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Shottesbrooke Berks. Sotesbroc 1086 (DB), Schottesbroc, Schotebroch 1187.

Probably ‘brook of a man called Scot’.
OE pers. name + brc.

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Shotteswell Warwicks. Soteswell c.1140.

Probably ‘spring or stream of a man called Scot’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Shottisham Suffolk . Scotesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Scot or Scot’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Shottle Derbys . Sothelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Schethell 1191.

Probably ‘hill with a steep slope’.
OE scot + hyll.

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Shotton Durham, near Peterlee . Sotton c.1165.

Possibly ‘farmstead on or near a steep slope’.
OE scot + tn.

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Shotton Northum., near Mindrum . Scotadun c.1050.

‘Hill of the Scots’.
OE Scot (genitive plural -a) + dn.

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Shotwick Ches. Sotowiche 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or farm at a steep promontory’.
OE scot + hh + wc.

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Shouldham Norfolk . Sculdeham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead owing a debt or obligation’.
OE sculd + hm.

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Shoulton Heref. & Worcs. Scolegeton c.1220.

Possibly ‘farmstead at the stream called Sceolge’.
OE river-name (meaning ‘winding’) + tn.

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Shrawardine Shrops. Saleurdine (sic) 1086 (DB), Scrawardin 1166.

Possibly ‘enclosure near a hollow or hovel’.
OE scræf + worthign.

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Shrawley Heref. & Worcs. Scræfleh 804.

‘Woodland clearing near a hollow or hovel’.
OE scræf + lah.

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Shrewsbury Shrops. Scrobbesbyrig 11th cent., Sciropesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place of the scrubland region’.
Old district name (from an OE scrobb) + OE burh (dative byrig).

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Shrewton Wilts . Wintreburne 1086 (DB), Winterbourne Syreveton 1232.

‘The sheriff's manor on the stream formerly called Wintreburne’.
OE scr-rfa + tn. The ‘winter stream’ (
OE winter + burna) is now called Till (a ‘back-formation’ from TILSHEAD).

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Shrigley, Pott Ches. Schriggeleg 1285, Potte Shryggelegh 1354.

Two distinct names. Pott is from
ME potte ‘a deep hole’. Shrigley is ‘woodland clearing frequented by missel-thrushes’,
OE scrc + lah.

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Shrivenham Oxon. Scrifenanhamme c.950, Seriveham 1086 (DB).

‘River-meadow allotted by decree (to the church)’.
OE scrifen + hamm.

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Shropham Norfolk . Screpham 1086 (DB).

OE hm ‘homestead’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Shropshire (the county ). Sciropescire 1086 (DB).

Shortened form of old spelling for SHREWSBURY +
OE scr ‘district’. The form Salop (now adopted as the name of the ‘new’ county) is a revival of an old Norman contracted spelling of the name Shropshire.

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Shroton Dorset ,

see IWERNE COURTNEY.

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Shuckburgh Warwicks. Socheberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or mound haunted by an evil spirit’.
OE scucca + beorg.

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Shucknall Heref. & Worcs. Shokenhulle 1377.

‘Hill haunted by an evil spirit’.
OE scucca (genitive -n) + hyll.

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Shudy Camps Cambs. ,

see CAMPS.

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Shurdington Glos. Surditona c.1150.

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Scyrda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Shurton Somerset . Shureveton 1219.

‘The sheriff's manor’.
OE scr-rfa + tn.

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Shustoke Warwicks. Scotescote (sic) 1086 (DB), Schutestok 1247.

Probably ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Scot’.
OE pers. name + stoc (replacing cot ‘cottage’ of the DB form).

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Shute Devon . Schieta c.1200.

‘The corner or angle of land’.
OE scete.

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Shutford Oxon. Schiteford c.1160.

Probably ‘ford of a man called Scytta’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Shutlanger Northants. Shitelhanger 1162.

‘Wooded slope where shuttles or wooden bars are obtained’.
OE scytel + hangra.

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Shuttington Warwicks. Cetitone (sic) 1086 (DB), Schetintuna c.1160.

‘Estate associated with a man called Scytta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Sibbertoft Northants. Sibertod (sic) 1086 (DB), Sibertoft 1198.

‘Homestead of a man called Sigebeorht or Sigbjrn’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + toft.

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Sibdon Carwood Shrops. Sibetune 1086 (DB), Sipton Carswood 1672.

‘Farmstead of a man called Sibba’.
OE pers. name + tn. Affix from a nearby place Carwood, Carwod 1307, probably ‘rock wood’, from
OE carr + wudu.

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Sibford Ferris & Gower Oxon. Sibeford 1086 (DB), Sibbard Ferreys early 18th cent., Sibbeford Goyer 1220.

‘Ford of a man called Sibba’.
OE pers. name + ford. Manorial affixes from early possession by the de Ferrers and Guher families.

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Sible Hedingham Essex ,

see HEDINGHAM.

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Sibsey Lincs. Sibolci 1086 (DB).

‘Island of a man called Sigebald’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Sibson Cambs. Sibestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Sibbi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Sibson Leics. Sibetesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Sigebed’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Sibthorpe Notts. Sibetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farm of a man called Sibba or Sibbi’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Sibton Suffolk . Sibbetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Sibba’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Sicklinghall N. Yorks . Sidingale (sic) 1086 (DB), Sicclinhala c.1150.

‘Nook of land of the family or followers of a man called Sicel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + halh.

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Sidbury Devon . Sideberia 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place by the River Sid’.
OE river-name (from sd ‘broad’) + burh (dative byrig).

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Sidbury Shrops. Sudberie 1086 (DB).

‘Southern fortified place or manor’.
OE sth + burh (dative byrig).

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Sidcup Gtr. London . Cetecopp 1254.

Probably ‘seat-shaped or flat-topped hill’.
OE set-copp.

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Siddington Ches. Sudendune 1086 (DB).

‘(Place) south of the hill’.
OE sthan + dn.

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Siddington Glos. Sudintone 1086 (DB).

‘(Land) south in the township’.
OE sth + in + tn.

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Sidestrand Norfolk . Sistran (sic) 1086 (DB), Sidestrande late 12th cent.

‘Broad shore’.
OE sd + strand.

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Sidford Devon . Sideford 1238.

‘Ford on the River Sid’.
OE river-name (see SIDBURY) + ford.

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Sidlesham W. Sussex . Sidelesham 683.

‘Homestead of a man called Sidel’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Sidmouth Devon . Sedemuda 1086 (DB).

‘Mouth of the River Sid’.
OE river-name (see SIDBURY) + mtha.

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Siefton Shrops. Sireton (sic) 1086 (DB), Siveton 1257.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a woman called Sigegifu’,
OE pers. name + tn. Alternatively the first element may be an old stream-name Siven of unknown origin.

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Sigglesthorne E. R. Yorks. Siglestorne 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Sigulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorn.

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Silchester Hants. Silcestre 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘Roman station by a willow copse’.
OE siele + ceaster. Alternatively the first element may be a reduced form of Calleva ‘place in the woods’, the original Celtic name of this Roman city first recorded in the 2nd cent. AD.

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Sileby Leics. Siglebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Sigulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Silecroft Cumbria . Selecroft 1211.

‘Enclosure where willows grow’.
OScand. selja + OE croft.

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Silkstone S. Yorks. Silchestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Sigelc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Silksworth Tyne & Wear. Sylceswurthe c.1050.

‘Enclosure of a man called Sigelc’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Silk Willoughby Lincs. ,

see WILLOUGHBY.

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Silloth Cumbria . Selathe 1292.

‘Barn(s) by the sea’.
OScand. sr or OE s + OScand. hlatha.

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Silpho N. Yorks . Silfhou c.1160.

‘Flat-topped hill-spur’.
OE scylfe + hh.

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Silsden W. Yorks . Siglesdene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Sigulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE denu.

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Silsoe Beds. Siuuilessou 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of a man called Sifel’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Silton, Nether & Over N. Yorks . Silftune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a shelf or ledge’, or ‘farmstead of a man called Sylfa’.
OE scylfe or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Silverdale Lancs. Selredal (sic) 1199, Celverdale 1292.

‘Silver-coloured valley’ (from the grey limestone here).
OE seolfor + dæl.

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Silverstone Northants. Sulueston 942, Silvestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Swulf or Sigewulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Silverton Devon . Sulfretone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead near the gully ford’.
OE sulh + ford + tn.

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Simonburn Northum. Simundeburn 1229.

‘Stream of a man called Sigemund’.
OE pers. name + burna.

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Simonstone Lancs. Simondestan 1278.

‘Boundary stone of a man called Sigemund’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Simpson Bucks. Siwinestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Sigewine’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Sinderby N. Yorks . Senerebi 1086 (DB).

‘Southern farmstead or village’, or ‘farmstead or village of a man called Sindri’.
OScand. syndri or pers. name + bý.

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Sindlesham Berks. Sindlesham 1220.

Possibly ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Synnel’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Singleborough Bucks. Sincleberia 1086 (DB).

‘Shingle hill’.
OE singel + beorg.

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Singleton Lancs. Singletun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead with shingled roof’.
OE scingol + tn.

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Singleton W. Sussex . Silletone (sic) 1086 (DB), Sengelton 1185.

Probably ‘farmstead by a burnt clearing’.
OE sengel + tn.

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Sinnington N. Yorks . Siuenintun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near the River Seven’.
Pre-English river-name (of uncertain meaning) + OE -ing- + tn.

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Sinton, Leigh Heref. & Worcs. Sothyntone in Lega 13th cent.

‘(Place) south in the village (of LEIGH)’.
OE sth + in + tn.

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Sipson Gtr. London . Sibwineston c.1150.

‘Farmstead of a man called Sibwine’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Sissinghurst Kent . Saxingherste c.1180.

‘Wooded hill of the family or followers of a man called Seaxa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hyrst.

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Siston S. Glos. Sistone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Sige’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Sithney Cornwall . St Sythyn 1230.

From the patron saint of the parish church, St Sithny.

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Sitlington W. Yorks. ,

see MIDDLESTOWN.

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Sittingbourne Kent . Sidingeburn 1200.

Probably ‘stream of the dwellers on the slope’.
OE sde + -inga- + burna.

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Sixhills Lincs. Sisse (sic) 1086 (DB), Sixlei 1196.

‘Six woodland clearings’.
OE six + lah.

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Six Mile Bottom Cambs. ,

hamlet so named 1801, from its situation in a valley (
OE botm) six miles from Newmarket.

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Sixpenny Handley Dorset ,

see HANDLEY.

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Sizewell Suffolk . Syreswell 1240.

Probably ‘spring or stream of a man called Sigehere’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Skeeby N. Yorks . Schirebi (sic) 1086 (DB), Schittebi 1187.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Skíthi’.
OScand pers. name + bý.

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Skeffington Leics. Sciftitone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Sceaft’.
OE pers. name (with Scand. sk-) + -ing- + tn.

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Skeffling E. R. Yorks. Sckeftling 12th cent.

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Sceaftel’.
OE pers. name (with Scand. sk-) + -ingas.

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Skegby Notts., near Mansfield . Schegebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Skeggi, or on a beard-shaped promontory’.
OScand. pers. name or skegg + bý.

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Skegness Lincs. Sceggenesse 12th cent.

‘Beard-shaped promontory’, or ‘promontory of a man called Skeggi’.
OScand. skegg or pers. name + nes.

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Skellingthorpe Lincs. Scheldinchope 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure in marsh associated with a man called Sceld’ from
OE pers. name + -ing- + hop, or ‘enclosure in marsh by a shield-shaped hill’ from OE sceld + -ing + hop. Initial Sk- through Scand. influence.

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Skellow S. Yorks. Scanhalle (sic) 1086 (DB), Scalehale c.1190.

‘Nook of land with a shieling or hut’.
OE scla (influenced by OScand. skáli) + halh.

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Skelmanthorpe W. Yorks . Scelmertorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead of a man called Skjaldmarr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Skelmersdale Lancs. Schelmeresdele 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Skjaldmarr’.
OScand. pers. name + dalr.

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Skelton,

‘farmstead on a shelf or ledge’,
OE scelf (with Scand. sk-) + tn: Skelton Cumbria . Sheltone c.1160. Skelton E. R. Yorks. Schilton 1086 (DB). Skelton N. Yorks., near Richmond . Scelton 12th cent. Skelton Red. & Cleve. Scheltun 1086 (DB). Skelton York. Scheltun 1086 (DB).

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Skelwith Bridge Cumbria . Schelwath 1246.

‘Ford by the waterfall’.
OScand. skjallr ‘resounding’ + vath. The waterfall referred to is Skelwith Force (from
OScand. fors ‘waterfall’). The addition Bridge is found from the 17th cent.

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Skendleby Lincs. Scheueldebi (sic) 1086 (DB), Schendelebia c.1150.

OScand. bý ‘farmstead, village’ possibly added to a place-name meaning ‘beautiful slope’ from
OE scne (with Scand. sk-) + helde.

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Skerne E. R. Yorks. Schirne 1086 (DB).

Named from Skerne Beck, ‘the clear or pure stream’, from
OScand. skírn, or (perhaps more likely) from OE scr (dative -an) + a with initial sk- through Scand. influence.

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Skewsby N. Yorks . Scoxebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village in the wood’.
OScand. skógr + bý.

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Skeyton Norfolk . Scegutuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Skeggi’.
OScand. pers. name + tn.

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Skidbrooke Lincs. Schitebroc 1086 (DB).

‘Dirty brook’.
OE scite (with Scand. sk-) + brc.

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Skidby E. R. Yorks. Scyteby 972, Schitebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Skyti’, or ‘dirty farmstead or village’.
OScand. pers. name or skítr + bý.

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Skilgate Somerset . Schiligata 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stony or shaly gate or gap’.
OE scilig + geat.

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Skillington Lincs. Schillintune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Scill(a)’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE scilling ‘shilling’ alluding to a rent. Initial Sk- through Scand. influence.

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Skinburness Cumbria . Skyneburg 1175, Skynburneyse 1298.

‘Promontory near the demon-haunted stronghold’.
OE scinna (with Scand. sk-) + burh + OScand. nes.

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Skinningrove Red. & Cleve. Scineregrive c.1175.

‘Pit used by skinners or tanners’.
OScand. skinnari + gryfja.

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Skipsea E. R. Yorks. Skipse 1160.

‘Lake used for ships’.
OScand. skip + sr.

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Skipton,

‘sheep farm’,
OE scp (with Scand. sk-) + tn: Skipton N. Yorks . Scipton 1086 (DB). Skipton on Swale N. Yorks . Schipetune 1086 (DB). Swale is an
OE river-name probably meaning ‘rushing water’.

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Skipwith N. Yorks . Schipewic 1086 (DB).

‘Sheep farm’.
OE scp (with Scand. sk-) + wc (replaced by OScand. vithr ‘wood’).

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Skirlaugh, North & South E. R. Yorks. Schirelai 1086 (DB).

‘Bright woodland clearing’.
OE scr (with Scand. sk-) + lah.

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Skirmett Bucks. La Skiremote c.1307.

‘Meeting-place of the shire-court’.
OE scr (with Scand sk-) + (ge)mt.

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Skirpenbeck E. R. Yorks. Scarpenbec 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stream which sometimes dries up’.
OScand. skerpin + bekkr.

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Skirwith Cumbria . Skirewit 1205.

‘Wood belonging to the shire’.
OE scr (with Scand. sk-) + OScand. vithr.

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Slaggyford Northum. Slaggiford 13th cent.

‘Muddy ford’.
ME slaggi + ford.

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Slaidburn Lancs. Slateborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream by the sheep-pasture’.
OE slæget + burna.

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Slaithwaite W. Yorks . Sladweit 1178, Sclagtwayt 1277.

Probably ‘clearing where timber was felled’.
OScand. slag + thveit.

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Slaley Northum. Slaveleia 1166.

‘Muddy woodland clearing’.
OE slæf + lah.

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Slapton,

‘farmstead by a slippery place’ or ‘muddy farmstead’,
OE slp or slæp + tn: Slapton Bucks. Slapetone 1086 (DB). Slapton Devon . Sladone (sic) 1086 (DB), Slapton 1244. Slapton Northants. Slaptone 1086 (DB).

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Slaugham W. Sussex . Slacham c.1100.

‘Homestead or enclosure where sloe or blackthorn grows’.
OE slh + hm or hamm.

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Slaughter, Lower & Upper Glos. Sclostre 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘muddy place’.
OE slhtre.

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Slawston Leics. Slagestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Slagr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Sleaford Lincs. Slioford 852, Eslaforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford over the River Slea’.
OE river-name (meaning ‘muddy stream’) + ford.

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Sleagill Cumbria . Slegill c.1190.

‘Ravine of the trickling stream, or of a man called Slefa’.
OScand. slefa or pers. name + gil.

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Sledmere E. R. Yorks. Slidemare 1086 (DB).

‘Pool in the valley’.
OE slæd + mere.

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Sleekburn, East & West Northum. Sliceburne c.1050.

‘Smooth stream, or muddy stream’.
OE slicu or slc + burna.

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Sleightholme Durham . Slethholm 1234.

Probably ‘level raised ground’.
OScand. sléttr + holmr.

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Sleights N. Yorks . Sleghtes c.1223.

‘Smooth or level fields’.
OScand. slétta.

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Slimbridge Glos. Heslinbruge (sic) 1086 (DB), Slimbrugia c.1153.

‘Bridge or causeway over a muddy place’.
OE slm + brycg.

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Slindon,

probably ‘sloping hill’,
OE slinu + dn: Slindon Staffs . Slindone 1086 (DB). Slindon W. Sussex . Eslindone 1086 (DB).

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Slingsby N. Yorks . Selungesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Slengr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Slipton Northants. Sliptone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘muddy farmstead’.
OE slipa + tn.

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Sloley Norfolk . Slaleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where sloe or blackthorn grows’.
OE slh + lah.

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Sloothby Lincs. Slodebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Slóthi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Slough Berks. Slo 1195.

‘The slough or miry place’.
OE slh.

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Slyne Lancs. Sline 1086 (DB).

From
OE slinu ‘a slope’.

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Smallburgh Norfolk . Smaleberga 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or mound on the River Smale’. Old name for the River Ant (from
OE smæl ‘narrow’ and a ‘river’) + OE beorg.

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Smalley Derbys . Smælleage 1009, Smalei 1086 (DB).

‘Narrow woodland clearing’.
OE smæl + lah.

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Small Hythe Kent . Smalide 13th cent., Smalhede 1289.

‘Narrow landing-place or harbour’.
OE smæl + hth.

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Smardale Cumbria . Smeredal 1190.

Probably ‘valley where butter is produced’.
OScand. smjr or OE smeoru + OScand. dalr.

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Smarden Kent . Smeredaenne c.1100.

‘Woodland pasture where butter is produced’.
OE smeoru + denn.

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Smeaton,

‘farmstead of the smiths’,
OE smith + tn: Smeaton, Great N. Yorks . Smithatune 966–72, Smidetune 1086 (DB). Smeaton, Kirk & Little N. Yorks . Smedetone 1086 (DB). Distinguishing affix is
OScand. kirkja ‘church’.

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Smeeth Kent . Smitha 1018.

From
OE smiththe ‘a smithy’.

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Smethwick W. Mids. Smedeuuich 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or building of the smiths’.
OE smith (genitive plural smeotha) + wc.

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Smisby Derbys . Smidesbi 1086 (DB).

‘The smith's farmstead’.
OScand. smithr + bý.

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Snailwell Cambs. Sneillewelle c.1050, Snelleuuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream infested with snails’.
OE snægl + wella.

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Snainton N. Yorks . Snechintune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead associated with a man called Snoc’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Snaith E. R. Yorks. Snaith c.1080, Esneid 1086 (DB).

‘Piece of land cut off’.
OScand. sneith.

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Snape,

from
OE snæp ‘boggy piece of land’ or OScand. snap ‘poor pasture’; examples include: Snape N. Yorks . Snape 1154. Snape Suffolk . Snapes 1086 (DB).

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Snaresbrook Gtr. London ,

not recorded before 1599, from
OE brc ‘brook’ with an uncertain first element.

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Snarestone Leics. Snarchetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Snar(o)c’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Snarford Lincs. Snerteforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Snrtr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE ford.

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Snargate Kent . Snergathe c.1197.

Probably ‘gate or gap where snares for animals are placed’.
OE sneare + geat.

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Snave Kent . Snaues 1182.

Possibly ‘the spits or strips of land’.
OE snafa.

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Sneaton N. Yorks . Snetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Snær, or with a detached piece of land’.
OScand. pers. name or OE snd + tn.

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Snelland Lincs. Sneleslunt 1086 (DB).

‘Grove of a man called Snjallr’.
OScand. pers. name + lundr.

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Snelston Derbys . Snellestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Snell’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Snettisham Norfolk . Snetesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Snt or Sneti’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Snitter Northum. Snitere 1176.

Possibly ‘weather-beaten place’ from a word related to
ME sniteren ‘to snow’.

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Snitterby Lincs. Snetrebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Snytra’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Snitterfield Warwicks. Snitefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land frequented by snipe’.
OE snte + feld.

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Snodhill Heref. & Worcs. Snauthil 1195.

Probably ‘snowy hill’.
OE snwede + hyll.

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Snodland Kent . Snoddingland 838, Esnoiland (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land associated with a man called Snodd’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + land.

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Snoreham Essex . Snorham 1238.

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure by a rough hill’.
OE snr + hm or hamm.

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Snoring, Great & Little Norfolk . Snaringes 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Snear’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Snowshill Glos. Snawesille 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where the snow lies long’.
OE snw + hyll.

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Soar (river) Warwicks.-Leics.-Notts. ,

see BARROW UPON SOAR.

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Soberton Hants. Sudbertune 1086 (DB).

‘Southern grange or outlying farm’.
OE sth + bere-tn.

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Sodbury, Chipping & Old S. Glos. Soppanbyrig 872–915, Sopeberie 1086 (DB), Cheping Sobbyri 1269, Olde Sobbury 1346.

‘Fortified place of a man called Soppa’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig). Distinguishing affixes from
OE cping ‘market’ and ald ‘old’.

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Soham Cambs. Sægham c.1000, Saham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead by a swampy pool’.
OE sge + hm.

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Soham, Earl & Monk Suffolk . Saham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead by a pool’.
OE s or s + hm. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by the Earl of Norfolk and the monks of Bury St Edmunds.

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Soho Gtr. London . So Ho 1632.

A hunting cry, from the early association of this area with hunting. Another example of this name, Soho Somerset (near Vobster ), is identical in origin, though legend has it that it recalls the use of the phrase as the Duke of Monmouth's password in the 1685 Rising.

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Solent, The Hants. Soluente 731.

An ancient pre-English name of uncertain origin and meaning.

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Solihull W. Mids. Solihull 12th cent.

‘Muddy hill’.
OE sylig, solig + hyll. Alternatively the first element may be
OE sulig ‘pig-stye’.

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Sollers Hope Heref. & Worcs. ,

see HOPE.

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Sollom Lancs. Solayn c.1200.

‘Muddy enclosure’ from
OScand. sol + hegn, or ‘sunny slope’ from OScand. sól + hlein.

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Solway Firth Cumbria ,

see BOWNESS-ON-SOLWAY.

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Somborne, King's, Little, & Upper Hants. Swinburnan 909, Sunburne 1086 (DB).

‘Pig stream’.
OE swn + burna. Affix King's from its having been a royal estate.

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Somerby,

probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Sumarlithi’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Somerby Leics. Sumerlidebie 1086 (DB). Somerby Lincs., near Brigg . Sumertebi 1086 (DB).

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Somercotes,

‘huts or cottages used in summer’,
OE sumor + cot: Somercotes Derbys . Somercotes 1276. Somercotes, North & South Lincs. Summercotes 1086 (DB).

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Somerford,

‘ford usable in summer’,
OE sumor + ford: Somerford, Great & Little Wilts . Sumerford 937, Sumreford 1086 (DB). Somerford Keynes Glos. Sumerford 685, Somerford Keynes 1291. Manorial affix from the de Kaynes family, here in the 13th cent.

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Somerleyton Suffolk . Sumerledetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Sumarlithi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Somersal Herbert Derbys . Summersale 1086 (DB), Somersale Herbert c.1300.

‘Nook of land of a man called Sumor’.
OE pers. name + halh. Manorial affix from the Fitzherbert family, here in the 13th cent.

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Somersby Lincs. Summerdebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Sumarlithi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Somerset (the county ). Sumersæton 12th cent.

‘(District of) the settlers around Somerton’. Reduced form of SOMERTON +
OE ste.

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Somersham Cambs. Summeresham c.1000, Sumersham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of a man called Sumor or Sunmr’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Somersham Suffolk . Sumersham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Sumor’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Somerton,

usually ‘farmstead used in summer’,
OE sumor + tn: Somerton Norfolk . Sumertonne 1044–7, Somertuna 1086 (DB). Somerton Oxon. Sumertone 1086 (DB). Somerton Somerset . Sumortun 901–24, Summertone 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Somerton Suffolk . Sumerledetuna 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead of a man called Sumarlithi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Sompting W. Sussex . Suntinga 956, Sultinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the dwellers at the marsh’.
OE sumpt + -ingas.

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Sonning Berks. Soninges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Sunna’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. The same tribal group gives name to SUNNINGHILL and SUNNINGWELL.

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Sopley Hants. Sopelie 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a man called Soppa’.
OE pers. name + lah. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE soppa ‘marsh’.

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Sopworth Wilts . Sopeworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Soppa’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Sotby Lincs. Sotebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Sóti’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Sotterley Suffolk . Soterlega 1086 (DB).

OE lah ‘woodland clearing’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a pers. name.

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Soudley, Upper Glos. Suleie 1221.

‘South woodland clearing’.
OE sth + lah.

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Soulbury Bucks. Soleberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold by a gully’.
OE sulh + burh (dative byrig).

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Soulby,

‘farmstead of a man called Súla, or one made of posts’,
OScand. pers. name or súla + bý: Soulby Cumbria, near Brough . Sulebi c.1160. Soulby Cumbria, near Penrith . Suleby 1235.

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Souldern Oxon. Sulethorne c.1160.

‘Thorn-tree in or near a gully’.
OE sulh + thorn.

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Souldrop Beds. Sultrop 1196.

‘Outlying farmstead near a gully’.
OE sulh + throp.

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Sourton Devon . Swurantune c.970, Surintone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a neck of land or col’.
OE swora + tn.

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South

as affix, see main name, e.g. for South Acre (Norfolk ) see ACRE.

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Southall Gtr. London . Suhaull 1198.

‘Southern nook(s) of land’.
OE sth + halh, see NORTHOLT.

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Southam,

‘southern homestead or land in a river-bend’,
OE sth + hm or hamm: Southam Glos. Suth-ham c.991, Surham (sic) 1086 (DB). Southam Warwicks. Suthham 998, Sucham (sic) 1086 (DB).

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Southampton Hants. Homtun 825, Suthhamtunam 962, Hantone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate on a promontory’.
OE hamm + tn, with prefix sth to distinguish this place from NORTHAMPTON (which has a different origin).

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Southborough Kent . ‘Borough of Suth’ 1270, la South Burgh 1450.

‘Southern borough’ (of TONBRIDGE).
OE sth + burh.

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Southbourne Dorset ,

like Northbourne and Westbourne, a name of recent creation for a suburb of BOURNEMOUTH.

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Southburgh Norfolk . Berc (sic) 1086 (DB), Suthberg 1291.

‘South hill’.
OE sth + beorg.

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Southchurch Essex . Suthcyrcan 1042–66, Sudcerca 1086 (DB).

‘Southern church’.
OE sth + cirice.

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Southease E. Sussex . Sueise 966, Suesse 1086 (DB).

‘Southern land overgrown with brushwood’.
OE sth + hs(e).

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Southend on Sea Essex . Sowthende 1481.

‘The southern end (of PRITTLEWELL parish)’.
ME south + ende.

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Southery Norfolk . Suthereye 942, Sutreia 1086 (DB).

‘Southerly island’.
OE stherra + g.

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Southfleet Kent . Suthfleotes 10th cent., Sudfleta 1086 (DB).

‘Southern place at the stream’.
OE sth + flot.

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Southgate Gtr. London . Suthgate 1370.

‘Southern gate’ (to Enfield Chase).
OE sth + geat.

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Southill Beds. Sudgiuele 1086 (DB).

‘Southern settlement of the tribe called Gifle’.
OE sth + old tribal name, see NORTHILL.

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Southleigh Devon . Lege 1086 (DB), Suthlege 1228.

‘(Place at) the wood or clearing’.
OE lah with sth to distinguish it from NORTHLEIGH.

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Southminster Essex . Suthmynster c.1000, Sudmunstra 1086 (DB).

‘Southern church’.
OE sth + mynster.

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Southoe Cambs. Sutham (sic) 1086 (DB), Sudho 1186.

‘Southern hill-spur’.
OE sth + hh.

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Southolt Suffolk . Sudholda 1086 (DB).

‘South wood’.
OE sth + holt.

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Southorpe Cambs. Sudtorp 1086 (DB).

‘Southern outlying farmstead’.
OScand. súthr + thorp.

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Southowram W. Yorks . Overe 1086 (DB), Sudhouerum c.1275.

‘(Place at) the ridges’.
OE ofer, ufer in a dative plural form uferum, with sth to distinguish it from NORTHOWRAM.

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Southport Mersey. ,

a modern artificial name, first bestowed on the place in 1798.

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Southrepps Norfolk . Sutrepes 1086 (DB), Sutrepples 1209.

Possibly ‘south strips of land’.
OE sth + reopul.

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Southrey Lincs. Sutreie 1086 (DB).

‘Southerly island’.
OE stherra + g.

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Southrop Glos. Sudthropa c.1140.

‘Southern outlying farmstead’.
OE sth + throp.

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Southsea Hants. Southsea Castle c.1600.

Self-explanatory. The present place grew up round the castle built by Henry VIII in 1540.

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Southwaite Cumbria, near Hesket . Thouthweyt 1272.

‘Clay clearing’.
OE thh + OScand. thveit.

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Southwark Gtr. London . Sudwerca 1086 (DB).

‘Southern defensive work or fort’.
OE sth + weorc. Earlier called Suthriganaweorc 10th cent., ‘fort of the men of SURREY’.

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Southwell Notts. Suthwellan 958, Sudwelle 1086 (DB).

‘South spring’.
OE sth + wella.

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Southwick,

‘southern dwelling or (dairy) farm’,
OE sth + wc: Southwick Hants. Sudwic c.1140. Southwick Northants. Suthwycan c.980. Southwick Tyne & Wear. Suthewich 12th cent. Southwick W. Sussex . Sudewic 1073. Southwick Wilts . Sudwich 1196.

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Southwold Suffolk . Sudwolda 1086 (DB).

‘South forest’.
OE sth + wald.

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Southwood Norfolk . Sudwda 1086 (DB).

‘Southern wood’.
OE sth + wudu.

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Sow (river) Somerset ,

see MIDDLEZOY.

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Sowe (river) W. Mids. ,

see WALSGRAVE.

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Sowerby,

‘farmstead on sour ground’,
OScand. saurr + bý; examples include: Sowerby N. Yorks., near Thirsk . Sorebi 1086 (DB). Sowerby , Sowerby Bridge W. Yorks . Sorebi 1086 (DB), Sourebybrigge 15th cent. The bridge is across the River Calder. Sowerby, Brough Cumbria . Sowreby 1235, Soureby by Burgh 1314. It is near to BROUGH. Sowerby, Temple Cumbria . Sourebi 1179, Templessoureby 1292. Affix from its early possession by the Knights Templars.

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Sowton Devon . Southton 1420.

‘South farmstead or village’.
OE sth + tn. Its earlier name was Clis 1086 (DB), one of several places named from the River Clyst, see CLYST HYDON.

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Spalding Lincs. Spallinge 1086 (DB), Spaldingis c.1115.

‘(Settlement of) the dwellers in Spald’. Old district name (possibly from
OE spald ‘ditch or trench’) + -ingas.

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Spaldington E. R. Yorks. Spellinton 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the tribe called Spaldingas’ (who give name to SPALDING).
OE tribal name (genitive plural -inga-) + tn.

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Spaldwick Cambs. Spalduice 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘dwelling or farm by a trickling stream or ditch’.
OE spld or spald + wc.

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Spalford Notts. Spaldesforde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ford over a trickling stream or ditch’.
OE spld or spald + ford.

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Sparham Norfolk . Sparham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure made with spars or shafts’.
OE spearr + hm or hamm.

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Sparkford Somerset . Sparkeforda 1086 (DB).

‘Brushwood ford’.
OE spearca + ford.

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Sparkwell Devon . Spearcanwille c.1070, Sperchewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream where brushwood grows’.
OE spearca + wella.

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Sparsholt,

‘wood of the spear’ (perhaps referring to a spear-trap for wild animals or to a wood where spear-shafts are obtained),
OE spere + holt: Sparsholt Berks. Speresholte 963, Spersolt 1086 (DB). Sparsholt Hants. Speoresholte 901. Alternatively the first element of this name may be
OE spearr ‘a spar, a rafter’.

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Spaunton N. Yorks . Spantun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead with shingled roof’.
OScand. spánn + OE tn.

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Spaxton Somerset . Spachestone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Spakr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Speen Berks. Spene 821, Spone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘place where wood-chips are found’.
OE spne. This
OE name represents an adaptation of the older Latin name Spinis ‘at the thorn bushes’ (recorded in the 4th cent.).

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Speeton N. Yorks . Specton 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosure where meetings are held’.
OE spc + tn.

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Speke Mersey . Spec 1086 (DB).

Possibly
OE spc ‘branches, brushwood’.

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Speldhurst Kent . Speldhirst 8th cent.

‘Wooded hill where wood-chips are found’.
OE speld + hyrst.

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Spelsbury Oxon. Speolesbyrig early 11th cent., Spelesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Spol’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Spen,

from
ME spenne ‘a fence, an enclosure’: Spen W. Yorks., near Gomersal . Spen 1308. This gives name to the modern district of Spenborough . Spen, High Tyne & Wear. Le Spen 1312.

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Spennithorne N. Yorks . Speningetorp (sic) 1086 (DB), Speningthorn 1184.

Probably ‘thorn-tree by the fence or enclosure’.
OE or OScand. spenning + thorn.

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Spennymoor Durham . Spendingmor c.1336.

Probably ‘moor with a fence or enclosure’.
OE or OScand. spenning + mr.

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Spetchley Heref. & Worcs. Spæclea 967, Speclea 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where meetings are held’.
OE spc + lah.

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Spetisbury Dorset. Spehtesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Pre-English earthwork frequented by the green woodpecker’.
OE speoht + burh (dative byrig).

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Spexhall Suffolk . Specteshale 1197.

‘Nook of land frequented by the green woodpecker’.
OE speoht + halh.

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Spilsby Lincs. Spilesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Spillir’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Spindlestone Northum. Spindlestan 1187.

‘Stone or rock thought to resemble a spindle’.
OE spinele + stn.

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Spital in the Street Lincs. Hospitale 1204, Spitelenthestrete 1322.

‘The hospital or religious house on the Roman road (Ermine Street)’.
ME spitel (from OFrench hospitale) with OE strt.

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Spithead Hants. , not recorded before the 17th cent.,

‘headland of the sand-spit or pointed sandbank’.
OE spitu + hafod.

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Spithurst E. Sussex . Splytherst 1296.

‘Wooded hill with an opening or gap’.
OE hyrst with ME split.

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Spixworth Norfolk . Spikesuurda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Spic’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Spofforth N. Yorks . Spoford (sic) 1086 (DB), Spotford 1218.

‘Ford by a small plot of ground’.
OE spot + ford.

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Spondon Derbys . Spondune 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where wood-chips or shingles are got’.
OE spn + dn.

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Sporle Norfolk . Sparlea 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wood or clearing where spars or shafts are obtained’.
OE spearr + lah.

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Spratton Northants. Spretone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead made of poles’.
OE sprot + tn.

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Spreyton Devon . Spreitone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead amongst brushwood’.
OE sprg + tn.

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Spridlington Lincs. Spredelintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Sprytel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Springthorpe Lincs. Springetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead by a spring’.
OE spring + OScand. thorp.

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Sproatley E. R. Yorks. Sprotele 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where young shoots grow’.
OE sprota + lah.

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Sproston Green Ches. Sprostune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Sprow’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Sprotbrough S. Yorks. Sproteburg 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Sprota’, or ‘stronghold overgrown with shoots’.
OE pers. name or sprota + burh.

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Sproughton Suffolk . Sproeston 1191.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Sprow’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Sprowston Norfolk . Sprowestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Sprow’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Sproxton,

‘farmstead of a man called Sprok’, or ‘brushwood farmstead’,
OScand. pers. name or sprogh + OE tn: Sproxton Leics. Sprotone (sic) 1086 (DB), Sproxcheston c.1125. Sproxton N. Yorks . Sprostune 1086 (DB).

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Spurn Head E. R. Yorks. Ravenserespourne 1399.

From
ME spurn ‘a spur, a projecting piece of land’, in the early spelling with the place-name Ravenser which means ‘sandbank of a man called Hrafn’,
OScand. pers. name + eyrr.

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Spurstow Ches. Spuretone (sic) 1086 (DB), Sporstow c.1200.

‘Meeting place on a trackway, or by a spur of land’.
OE spor or spura + stw.

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Stadhampton Oxon. Stodeham c.1135.

‘Enclosure or river-meadow where horses are kept’.
OE std + hamm. The -ton is a late addition.

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Staffield Cumbria . Stafhole c.1225.

‘Round hill with a staff or post’.
OScand. stafr + hóll.

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Stafford Staffs . Stæfford mid 11th cent., Stadford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by a landing-place’.
OE stæth + ford. Staffordshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Stafford, West Dorset. Stanford 1086 (DB).

‘Stony ford’.
OE stn + ford.

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Stagsden Beds. Stachedene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of stakes or boundary posts’.
OE staca + denu.

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Stainburn N. Yorks . Stanburne c.972, Sta(i)nburne 1086 (DB).

‘Stony stream’.
OE stn (replaced by OScand. steinn) + burna.

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Stainby Lincs. Stigandebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Stígandi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Staincross S. Yorks. Staincros 1086 (DB).

‘Stone cross’.
OScand. steinn + kros.

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Staindrop Durham . Standropa c.1040.

Probably ‘valley with stony ground’.
OE stner + hop.

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Staines Surrey . Stane 11th cent., Stanes 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the stone(s)’.
OE stn.

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Stainfield Lincs., near Bardney . Steinfelde 1086 (DB).

‘Stony open land’.
OE stn (replaced by OScand. steinn) + feld.

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Stainfield Lincs., near Rippingale . Stentvith 1086 (DB).

‘Stony clearing’.
OScand. steinn + thveit.

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Stainforth,

‘stony ford’,
OE stn (replaced by OScand. steinn) + ford: Stainforth N. Yorks . Stainforde 1086 (DB). Stainforth S. Yorks. Steinforde 1086 (DB).

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Staining Lancs. Staininghe 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Stn, or the dwellers in a stony district’.
OE pers. name or stn (with Scand. influence) + -ingas. Alternatively ‘stony place’,
OE stning.

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Stainland W. Yorks . Stanland 1086 (DB).

‘Stony cultivated land’.
OE stn (replaced by OScand. steinn) + land.

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Stainley,

‘stony woodland clearing’,
OE stn (replaced by OScand. steinn) + lah: Stainley, North N. Yorks . Stanleh c.972, Nordstanlaia 1086 (DB). Stainley, South N. Yorks . Stanlai 1086 (DB), Southstainlei 1198.

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Stainmore, North Cumbria . Stanmoir c.990.

‘Rocky or stony moor’.
OE stn (replaced by OScand. steinn) + mr.

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Stainsacre N. Yorks . Stainsaker 1090–6.

‘Cultivated land of a man called Steinn’.
OScand. pers. name + akr.

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Stainton,

a frequent name in the North, usually ‘farmstead on stony ground’,
OE stn (replaced by OScand. steinn) + tn; examples include: Stainton Durham . Staynton c.1150. Stainton S. Yorks. Stantone 1086 (DB). Stainton, Market Lincs. Staintone 1086 (DB), Steynton Market 1286. Affix is
ME merket.

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Stainton le Vale Lincs. Staintone 1086 (DB).

Affix means ‘in the valley’ from ME vale.
However the following has a different origin: Stainton, Great & Little Durham . Staninctona 1091. ‘Farmstead at the stony place’.
OE stning (influenced by OScand. steinn) + tn.

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Staintondale N. Yorks . Steintun 1086 (DB), Staynton Dale 1562.

‘Farmstead on stony ground’.
OE stn (replaced by OScand. steinn) + tn, with the later addition of dale ‘valley’.

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Staithes N. Yorks . Setonstathes 1415.

‘The landing-places’.
OE stæth. Seaton (‘sea farmstead’) is a nearby place.

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Stalbridge Dorset. Stapulbreicge 998, Staplebrige 1086 (DB).

‘Bridge built on posts or piles’.
OE stapol + brycg.

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Stalham Norfolk . Stalham 1044–6, 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure by the fishing pool’.
OE stall + hm or hamm.

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Stalisfield Green Kent . Stanefelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Stealesfelde c.1100.

Probably ‘open land with a stall or stable’.
OE steall + feld.

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Stallingborough NE. Lincs. Stalingeburg 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stronghold of the dwellers near a stall or stable’.
OE stall + -inga- + burh. Alternatively the first element may be a
tribal name Stælingas (genitive plural Stælinga) of unknown meaning.

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Stalling Busk N. Yorks . Stalunesbusc 1218.

‘The stallion's bush’.
ME stalun + OScand. buski.

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Stalmine Lancs. Stalmine 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘mouth of the stream or pool’.
OE stæll + OScand. mynni.

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Stalybridge Gtr. Manch. Stauelegh 13th cent., Stalybridge 1687.

‘Bridge at the wood where staves are got’.
OE stæf + lah, with the later addition of bridge.

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Stambourne Essex . Stanburna 1086 (DB).

‘Stony stream’.
OE stn + burna.

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Stambridge, Great Essex . Stanbruge 1086 (DB).

‘Stone bridge’.
OE stn + brycg.

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Stamford,

‘stone ford’ or ‘stony ford’,
OE stn + ford: Stamford Lincs. Steanford 10th cent., Stanford 1086 (DB). Stamford Bridge E. R. Yorks. Stanford brycg c.1075. The ford here was replaced by a bridge at an early date.

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Stamfordham Northum. Stanfordham 1188.

‘Homestead or village at the stone ford’.
OE stn + ford + hm.

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Stamford Hill Gtr. London . Saundfordhull 1294.

‘Hill by a sandy ford’.
OE sand + ford + hyll.

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Stanbridge Beds. Stanbrugge 1165.

‘Stone bridge’.
OE stn + brycg.

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Standish Gtr. Manch. Stanesdis 1178.

‘Stony pasture or enclosure’.
OE stn + edisc.

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Standlake Oxon. Stanlache c.1155.

‘Stony stream or channel’.
OE stn + lacu.

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Standon

‘stony hill’,
OE stn + dn: Standon Herts. Standune 944–6, Standone 1086 (DB). Standon Staffs . Stantone (sic) 1086 (DB), Standon 1190.

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Stanfield Norfolk . Stanfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Stony open land’.
OE stn + feld.

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Stanford,

found in various counties, ‘stone ford’ or ‘stony ford’,
OE stn + ford; examples include: Stanford Kent . Stanford 1035. Stanford Bishop Heref. & Worcs. Stanford 1086 (DB). Affix from its early possession by the Bishop of Hereford. Stanford Dingley Berks. Stanworde 1086 (DB), Staneford Deanly 1535. Manorial affix from the Dyngley family, here in the 15th cent. Stanford in the Vale Oxon. Stanford 1086 (DB), Stanford in le Vale 1496. Affix from its situation in the VALE OF WHITE HORSE. Stanford le Hope Essex . Staunford 1267, Stanford in the Hope 1361. Affix means ‘in the bay’ from
ME hope. Stanford Rivers Essex . Stanford 1068, Stanfort 1086 (DB), Stanford Ryueres 1289. Manorial affix from the Rivers family, here in the 13th cent.

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Stanhoe Norfolk . Stanhou 1086 (DB).

‘Stony hill-spur’.
OE stn + hh.

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Stanhope Durham . Stanhopa 1183.

‘Stony valley’.
OE stn + hop.

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Stanion Northants. Stanere (sic) 1086 (DB), Stanerna 1162.

‘Stone house(s) or building(s)’.
OE stn + ærn.

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Stanley,

‘stony woodland clearing’,
OE stn + lah; examples include: Stanley Derbys . Stanlei 1086 (DB). Stanley Durham . Stanley 1297. Stanley Staffs . Stanlega 1130. Stanley W. Yorks . Stanlei 1086 (DB). Stanley, King's & Leonard Glos. Stanlege 1086 (DB), Kingestanleg 1220, Stanllegh Leonardi 1285. Affixes from ownership by the Crown and from the former dedication of the church to St Leonard.

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Stanmer E. Sussex . Stanmere 765, 1086 (DB).

‘Stony pool’.
OE stn + mere.

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Stanmore Gtr. London . Stanmere 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Stanney Ches. Stanei 1086 (DB).

‘Stone or rock island’.
OE stn + g.

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Stanningfield Suffolk . Stanfelda 1086 (DB), Stanefeld 1197.

‘Stony open land’.
OE stn (perhaps alternating with stnen ‘stony’) + feld.

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Stanningley W. Yorks., near Pudsey . Stannyngley 1562.

Probably ‘stony woodland clearing’.
OE stning ‘stony place’ or stnen ‘stony’ + lah.

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Stannington Northum. Stanigton 1242.

‘Farmstead at the stony place’.
OE stning + tn.

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Stansfield Suffolk . Stanesfelda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land of a man called Stn’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Stanstead, Stansted,

‘stony place’,
OE stn + stede: Stanstead Suffolk . Stanesteda 1086 (DB). Stanstead Abbots Herts. Stanestede 1086 (DB), Stanstede Abbatis de Wautham 1247. Affix from early possession by the Abbot of Waltham. Stansted Kent . Stansted 1231. Stansted Mountfitchet Essex . Stanesteda 1086 (DB), Stansted Mounfichet c.1290. Manorial affix from the Muntfichet family, here in the 12th cent.

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Stanton,

a common name, usually ‘farmstead on stony ground’, occasionally ‘farmstead near standing stones’,
OE stn + tn; examples include: Stanton Glos. Stantone 1086 (DB). Stanton Suffolk . Stantuna 1086 (DB). Stanton Drew B. & NE. Som. Stantone 1086 (DB), Stanton Drogonis 1253. Manorial affix from possession by one Drogo or Drew in 1225. Stanton Harcourt Oxon. Stantone 1086 (DB), Stantone Harecurt c.1275. Manorial affix from the de Harecurt family, here in the 12th cent. Stanton, Long Cambs. Stantune 1086 (DB), Long Stanton 1282. Affix refers to the length of the village. Stanton St Quintin Wilts . Stantone 1086 (DB), Staunton St Quintin 1283. Manorial affix from the de Sancto Quintino family, here in the 13th cent. Stanton upon Hine Heath Shrops. Stantune 1086 (DB), Staunton super Hyne Heth 1327. Affix means ‘heath of the household servants’,
ME hine + hethe.

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Stanwardine Shrops. Staurdine 1086 (DB), Stanwardin 1194.

‘Enclosure made of stones, or on stony ground’.
OE stn + worthign.

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Stanway,

‘stony road’,
OE stn + weg; examples include: Stanway Essex . Stanwægun c.1000, Stanwega 1086 (DB). Stanway Glos. Stanwege 12th cent.

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Stanwell Surrey . Stanwelle 1086 (DB).

‘Stony spring or stream’.
OE stn + wella.

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Stanwick Northants. Stanwigga 10th cent., Stanwige 1086 (DB).

‘The rocking-or logan-stone’.
OE stn + wigga.

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Stapeley Ches. Steple (sic) 1086 (DB), Stapeleg 1260.

Probably ‘wood or clearing where posts are got’.
OE stapol + lah.

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Stapenhill Staffs . Stapenhille 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the steep hill’.
OE stap (dative -an) + hyll.

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Staple,

‘(place at) the pillar of wood or stone’,
OE stapol: Staple Kent . Stapel 1240. Staple Fitzpaine Somerset . Staple. 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the Fitzpaine family, here in the 14th cent.

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Stapleford,

‘ford marked by a post’,
OE stapol + ford; examples include: Stapleford Cambs. Stapelforda 956, Stapleforde 1086 (DB). Stapleford Notts. Stapleford 1086 (DB). Stapleford Abbots & Tawney Essex . Staplefort 1086 (DB), Staplford Abbatis Sancti Edmundi 1255, Stapilford Thany 1291. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by the Abbot of Bury St Edmunds and by the de Tany family.

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Staplegrove Somerset . Stapilgrove 1327.

‘Grove where posts are got’.
OE stapol + grf.

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Staplehurst Kent . Stapelherst 1226.

‘Wooded hill where posts are got’.
OE stapol + hyrst.

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Stapleton,

usually ‘farmstead by a post or built on posts’,
OE stapol + tn; examples include: Stapleton Brist. Stapleton 1215. Stapleton Leics. Stapletone 1086 (DB).
However the following probably mean ‘farmstead by a steep slope’,
OE stpel + tn: Stapleton Heref. & Worcs. Stepeltone 1286. Stapleton Shrops. Stepleton 12th cent.

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Staploe Beds. Stapelho 1203.

‘Hill-spur marked by, or shaped like, a post’.
OE stapol + hh.

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Starbeck N. Yorks. ,

not recorded before 1817, probably ‘sedge brook’, from
OScand. star + bekkr.

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Starbotton N. Yorks . Stamphotne (sic) 1086 (DB), Stauerboten 12th cent.

‘Valley where stakes are got’.
OE stæfer (replacing OScand. stafn in the first form) + OScand. botn.

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Starcross Devon , first recorded as Star Crosse 1689,

probably referring to a cross or cross-roads where starlings gather, from dialect stare (
OE stær) and cross.

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Starston Norfolk . Sterestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Styrr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Startforth Durham . Stretford c.1050, Stradford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford on a Roman road’.
OE strt + ford.

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Start Point Devon . La Sterte 1310.

OE steort ‘tongue of land, promontory’.

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Stathe Somerset . Stathe 1233.

‘The landing-place’.
OE stæth.

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Stathern Leics. Stachedirne 1086 (DB).

‘Stake thorn-tree’, i.e. ‘thorn-tree marking a boundary’.
OE staca + thyrne.

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Staughton, Great (Cambs. ) & Little (Beds. ). Stoctun c.1000, Tochestone, Estone (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead at an outlying hamlet’.
OE stoc + tn.

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Staunton,

usually ‘farmstead on stony ground, or one near a standing stone’,
OE stn + tn; examples include: Staunton Glos., near Hartpury . Stantun 972, 1086 (DB). Staunton on Arrow Heref. & Worcs. Stantun 958, Stantune 1086 (DB). Arrow is an ancient pre-Celtic river-name of uncertain meaning.
However the following has a different origin: Staunton on Wye Heref. & Worcs. Standune 1086 (DB). ‘Stony hill’.
OE stn + dn. For the river-name, see ROSS ON WYE.

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Staveley,

‘wood or clearing where staves are got’,
OE stæf + lah: Staveley Cumbria . Staueleye c.1200. Staveley Derbys . Stavelie 1086 (DB). Staveley N. Yorks . Stanlei (sic) 1086 (DB), Staflea 1167. Staveley-in-Cartmel Cumbria . Stavelay 1282. See CARTMEL.

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Staverton,

usually ‘farmstead made of or marked by stakes’,
OE stæfer + tn: Staverton Glos. Staruenton 1086 (DB). Staverton Northants. Stæfertun 944, Stavertone 1086 (DB). Staverton Wilts . Stavretone 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Staverton Devon . Stofordtune c.1070, Stovretona 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead by a stony ford.’
OE stn + ford + tn.

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Stawell Somerset . Stawelle 1086 (DB).

‘Stony spring or stream’.
OE stn + wella.

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Staxton N. Yorks . Stacstone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Stakkr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Stearsby N. Yorks . Stirsbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Styrr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Stebbing Essex . Stibinga 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Stybba, or the dwellers among the tree-stumps’.
OE pers. name or stybb + -ingas.

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Stedham W. Sussex . Steddanham 960, Stedeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of the stallion, or of a man called Stedda’.
OE stda or pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Steep Hants. Stepe 12th cent.

‘The steep place’.
OE stepe.

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Steeping, Great & Little Lincs. Stepinge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Stapa’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Steeple,

‘steep place’,
OE stpel: Steeple Dorset. Stiple 1086 (DB). Steeple Essex . Stepla 1086 (DB).

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Steeple

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Steeple Ashton (Wilts .) see ASHTON.

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Steeton W. Yorks., near Keighley . Stiuetune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead built of or amongst tree-stumps’.
OE styfic + tn.

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Stella Tyne & Wear. Stelyngleye 1183.

‘Pasture with a shelter for cattle’.
OE stelling + lah.

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Stelling Minnis Kent . Stellinges 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Stealla’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. Affix is from
OE mnnes ‘common land’.

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Stepney Gtr. London . Stybbanhythe c.1000, Stibanhede 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘landing-place of a man called Stybba’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hth.

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Steppingley Beds. Stepigelai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Stapa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Sternfield Suffolk . Sternesfelda 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘open land of a man called Sterne’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Stert Wilts . Sterte 1086 (DB).

‘Projecting piece of land’.
OE steort.

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Stetchworth Cambs. Steuicheswrthe c.1050, Stiuicesuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure amongst the tree-stumps, or of a man called Styfic’.
OE styfic or pers. name + worth.

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Stevenage Herts. Stithenæce c.1060, Stigenace 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place at) the strong oak-tree’.
OE stth (dative -an) + c (dative c).

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Steventon,

‘estate associated with a man called Stf(a)’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn, or possibly ‘farmstead at the tree-stump place’,
OE styf(ic)ing + tn: Steventon Hants. Stivetune 1086 (DB). Steventon Oxon. Stivetune 1086 (DB).

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Stevington Beds. Stiuentone 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with the previous two names.

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Stewartby Beds. ,

a recent name for a ‘new village’ built in 1935 for employees in the brick-making industry, named from Halley Stewart, chairman of a local brick company.

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Stewkley Bucks. Stiuelai (sic) 1086 (DB), Stiuecelea 1182.

‘Woodland clearing with tree-stumps’.
OE styfic + lah.

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Stewton Lincs. Stivetone 1086.

Probably ‘farmstead built of or amongst tree-stumps’.
OE styfic + tn.

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Steyning W. Sussex . Stæningum c.880, Staninges 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Stn, or the dwellers at the stony place’.
OE pers. name or OE stn or stne + -ingas. Alternatively ‘stony places’, from the plural of an
OE word stning or stning.

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Stibbard Norfolk . Stabyrda (sic) 1086 (DB), Stiberde 1202.

‘Bank beside a path, a road-side’.
OE stg + byrde.

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Stibbington Cambs. Stebintune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Stybba’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE stybbing ‘tree-stump clearing’.

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Stickford Lincs. Stichesforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by the long strip of land’.
OE sticca + ford.

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Sticklepath Devon . Stikelepethe 1280.

‘Steep path’.
OE sticol + pæth.

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Stickney Lincs. Stichenai 1086 (DB).

‘Long strip of land between streams’.
OE sticca (genitive -n) + g.

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Stifford Essex . Stithforde c.1090, Stiforda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford where lamb's cress or nettles grow’.
OE stthe + ford.

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Stiffkey Norfolk . Stiuekai 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, with tree-stumps’.
OE styfic + g.

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Stillingfleet N. Yorks . Steflingefled 1086 (DB).

‘Stretch of river belonging to the family or followers of a man called Stfel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + flot.

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Stillington,

probably ‘estate associated with a man called Stfel’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Stillington N. Yorks . Stiuelinctun 1086 (DB). Stillington Stock. on T. Stilligtune c.1190.

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Stilton Cambs. Stichiltone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village at a stile or steep ascent’.
OE stigel + tn.

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Stinchcombe Glos. Stintescombe c.1155.

‘Valley frequented by the sandpiper or dunlin’.
OE stint + cumb.

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Stinsford Dorset. Stincteford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford frequented by the sandpiper or dunlin’.
OE stint + ford.

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Stirchley Shrops. Styrcleage 1002.

‘Clearing or pasture for young bullocks’.
OE styrc + lah.

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Stisted Essex . Stistede 1086 (DB), Stidsted 1198.

Probably ‘place where lamb's cress or nettles grow’.
OE stthe + stede.

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Stithians Cornwall . Sancta Stethyana 1268.

From the dedication of the church to St Stithian, a female saint.

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Stittenham, High N. Yorks . Stidnun (sic) 1086 (DB), Stiklum c.1260.

Probably ‘(place at) the steep ascents’.
OE sticel(e) in a dative plural form sticelum.

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Stivichall W. Mids. Stivichall c.1144.

‘Nook of land with tree-stumps’.
OE styfic + halh.

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Stixwould Lincs. Stigeswalde 1086 (DB).

‘Forest of a man called Stígr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE wald.

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Stoborough Dorset. Stanberge 1086 (DB).

‘Stony hill or barrow’.
OE stn + beorg.

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Stock Essex . Herewardestoc 1234, Stocke 1337.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Hereweard’.
OE pers. name + stoc. The longer name remained in use until the 17th cent.

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Stockbridge Hants. Stocbrugge 1221.

‘Bridge made of logs’.
OE stocc + brycg. The same name occurs in other counties.

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Stockbury Kent . Stochingeberge 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland pasture of the dwellers at the outlying farmstead’.
OE stoc + -inga- + br.

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Stockerston Leics. Stoctone (sic) 1086 (DB), Stocfaston c.1130.

‘Stronghold built of logs’.
OE stocc + fæsten.

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Stock Green & Wood Heref. & Worcs. La Stokke 1271.

‘The tree-stump’.
OE stocc.

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Stockingford Warwicks. Stoccingford 1157.

‘Ford by the tree-stump clearing’.
OE stoccing + ford.

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Stocking Pelham Herts. ,

see PELHAM.

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Stockland,

‘cultivated land of the outlying farmstead’,
OE stoc + land: Stockland Devon . Stocland 998. Stockland Bristol. Somerset . Stocheland 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from its possession by the chamber of Bristol.

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Stockleigh English & Pomeroy Devon . Stochelie 1086 (DB), Stokeley Engles 1268, Stokelegh Pomeray 1261.

Probably ‘woodland clearing with tree-stumps’.
OE stocc + lah. Manorial affixes from early possession by the Engles and de Pomerei families.

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Stockport Gtr. Manch. Stokeport c.1170.

‘Market-place at an outlying hamlet’.
OE stoc + port.

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Stocksbridge S. Yorks. ,

not on record before 1841, probably identical in origin with STOCKBRIDGE.

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Stocksfield Northum. Stokesfeld 1242.

‘Open land belonging to an outlying hamlet’.
OE stoc + feld.

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Stockton,

a name found in several counties, probably ‘farmstead at an outlying hamlet’, from
OE stoc + tn, although some may be ‘farmstead built of logs’,
OE stocc + tn; examples include: Stockton Warwicks. Stocton 1249. Stockton Heath Ches. Stocton c.1200, Stoaken Heath 1682. Stockton on Tees Stock. on T. Stocton 1196. Tees is a Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name, possibly meaning ‘surging river’.

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Stockwell Gtr. London . Stokewell 1197.

‘Spring or stream by a tree-stump’.
OE stocc + wella.

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Stockwith, East (Lincs. ) & West (Notts. ). Stochithe 12th cent.

‘Landing-place made of logs or tree-stumps’.
OE stocc + hth.

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Stodmarsh Kent . Stodmerch 675.

‘Marsh where a herd of horses is kept’.
OE std + mersc.

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Stoford,

‘stony ford’,
OE stn + ford: Stoford Somerset, near Yeovil . Stafford 1225. Stoford Wilts . Stanford 943.

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Stogumber Somerset . Stoke Gunner 1225.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet’.
OE stoc, with pers. name or surname Gumer of an early owner.

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Stogursey Somerset . Stoche 1086 (DB), Stok Curcy 1212.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet’.
OE stoc, with manorial affix from the de Curci family, here in the 12th cent.

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Stoke,

a very common name, from
OE stoc ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet, secondary settlement’; examples include: Stoke Bruerne Northants. Stoche 1086 (DB), Stokbruer 1254. Manorial affix from the Briwere family, here in the 13th cent. Stoke-by-Nayland Suffolk . Stoke c.950, Stokeneylond 1272. See NAYLAND. Stoke Climsland Cornwall . Stoke 1266, Stok in Clymeslond 1302. Affix is from
OE land ‘estate’ with an obscure first element. Stoke D'Abernon Surrey . Stoche 1086 (DB), Stokes de Abernun 1253. Manorial affix from the de Abernun family, here in the 12th cent. Stoke Ferry Norfolk . Stoches 1086 (DB), Stokeferie 1248. Affix is
OScand. ferja, referring to a ferry over the River Wissey. Stoke Fleming Devon . Stoc 1086 (DB), Stokeflemeng 1270. Manorial affix from the family of le Flemeng, here in the 13th cent. Stoke Gabriel Devon . Stoke 1307, Stokegabriel 1309. Affix from the dedication of the church to St Gabriel. Stoke Gifford S. Glos. Stoche 1086 (DB), Stokes Giffard 1243. Manorial affix from the Gifard family, here from the 11th to the 14th cent. Stoke, Limpley Wilts . Hangyndestok 1263, Stoke 1333, Lymply Stoke 1585. Originally with
OE hangende ‘hanging’ from its situation below a steep hillside. The later affix is to be associated with the dedication of a former chapel here called ‘Our Lady of Limpley's Chapel’ in 1578. Stoke Mandeville Bucks. Stoches 1086 (DB), Stoke Mandeville 1284. Manorial affix from the Mandeville family who held the manor in the 13th cent. Stoke on Trent Staffs . Stoche 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see TRENTHAM. Stoke Poges Bucks. Stoches 1086 (DB), Stokepogeis 1292. Manorial affix from the family of le Pugeis, here in the 13th cent. Stoke, Rodney Somerset . Stoches 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the de Rodeney family, here in the early 14th cent. Stoke St Gregory Somerset . Stokes 1225. Affix from the dedication of the church. Stoke, Severn Heref. & Worcs. Stoc 972, Stoche 1086 (DB), Savernestok 1212. Affix from its situation on the River SEVERN. Stoke sub Hamdon Somerset . Stoca 1086 (DB), Stokes under Hamden 1248. Affix refers to Hamdon Hill, Hamedone c.1100, possibly ‘hill of the enclosures’ from
OE hamm + dn.

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Stokeham Notts. Estoches 1086 (DB), Stokum 1242.

‘(Place at) the outlying farmsteads’.
OE stoc in a dative plural form stocum.

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Stokeinteignhead Devon . Stoches 1086 (DB), Stokes in Tynhide 1279.

Originally ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet’, from
OE stoc. Affix means ‘in the district consisting of ten hides of land’, from
OE tn + hd.

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Stokenchurch Bucks. Stockenechurch c.1200.

‘Church made of logs’.
OE stoccen + cirice.

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Stoke Newington Gtr. London ,

see NEWINGTON.

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Stokenham Devon . Stokes 1242, Stok in Hamme 1276.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet in the area of cultivated ground’.
OE stoc + in + hamm.

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Stokesay Shrops. Stoches 1086 (DB), Stok Say 1256.

Originally ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet’, from
OE stoc. Manorial affix from the de Say family, here in the 12th cent.

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Stokesby Norfolk . Stokesbei 1086 (DB).

‘Village with an outlying farmstead or pasture’.
OE stoc + OScand. bý.

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Stokesley N. Yorks . Stocheslage 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing belonging to an outlying farmstead or hamlet’.
OE stoc + lah.

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Stondon,

‘stony hill’,
OE stn + dn: Stondon Massey Essex . Staundune 1062, Standon de Marcy 1238. Manorial affix from the de Marci family, here in the 13th cent. Standon, Upper Beds. Standone 1086 (DB).

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Stone,

‘place at the stone or stones’,
OE stn; examples include: Stone Bucks. Stanes 1086 (DB). Stone Glos. Stane 1204. Stone Kent, near Dartford . Stane 10th cent., Estanes 1086 (DB). Stone Staffs . Stanes 1187.

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Ston Easton Somerset ,

see EASTON.

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Stonegrave N. Yorks . Staningagrave 757–8, Stainegrif 1086 (DB).

‘Quarry of the people living by the stone or rock’.
OE stn + -inga- + græf (influenced by OScand. gryfja).

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Stonehenge Wilts . Stanenges c.1130.

‘Stone gallows’ (from a fancied resemblance of the monument to such).
OE stn + hengen.

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Stonehouse Glos. Stanhus 1086 (DB).

‘The stone-built house’.
OE stn + hs.

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Stoneleigh Warwicks. Stanlei 1086 (DB).

‘Stony woodland clearing’.
OE stn + lah.

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Stonely Cambs. Stanlegh 1260.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Stonesby Leics. Stovenebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village by a tree-stump’.
OE or OScand. stofn + bý.

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Stonesfield Oxon. Stuntesfeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Stunt’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Stonham Aspal, Earl & Little Stonham Suffolk . Stonham c.1040, Stanham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead by a stone or with stony ground’.
OE stn + hm. Aspal and Earl are manorial affixes from the de Aspale family and from Earl Roger Bigod, here in the 13th cent.

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Stonnall Staffs . Stanahala 1143.

‘Stony nook of land’.
OE stn + halh.

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Stonor Oxon. Stanora late 10th cent.

‘Stony hill-slope’.
OE stn + ra.

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Stonton Wyville Leics. Stantone 1086 (DB), Staunton Wyvile 1265.

‘Farmstead on stony ground’.
OE stn + tn. Manorial affix from the de Wivill family, here in the 13th cent.

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Stony Stratford Bucks. ,

see STRATFORD.

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Stoodleigh Devon . Stodlei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where a herd of horses is kept’.
OE std + lah.

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Stopham W. Sussex . Stopeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or river-meadow of a man called Stoppa, or by a hollow’.
OE pers. name or OE stoppa + hm or hamm.

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Stopsley Beds. Stoppelee 1198.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Stoppa, or by a hollow’.
OE pers. name or OE stoppa + lah.

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Storeton Mersey . Stortone 1086 (DB).

‘Large farmstead’, or ‘farmstead near a young wood’.
OScand. stórr or storth + OE tn.

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Storridge Heref. & Worcs. Storugge 13th cent.

‘Stony ridge’.
OE stn + hrycg.

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Storrington W. Sussex . Storgetune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village visited by storks’.
OE storc + tn.

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Stortford, Bishop's Herts. Storteford 1086 (DB), Bysshops Stortford 1587.

‘Ford by the tongues of land’.
OE steort + ford. Affix from its early possession by the Bishop of London. The river-name Stort is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Storth Cumbria . Storthes 1349.

‘Brushwood, plantation’.
OScand. storth.

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Stotfold Beds. Stodfald 1007, Stotfalt 1086 (DB).

‘The stud-fold or enclosure for horses’.
OE std-fald.

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Stottesdon Shrops. Stodesdone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill where a herd of horses is kept’.
OE std + dn.

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Stoughton,

‘farmstead at an outlying hamlet’,
OE stoc + tn: Stoughton Leics. Stoctone 1086 (DB). Stoughton Surrey . Stoctune 12th cent. Stoughton W. Sussex . Estone (sic) 1086 (DB), Stoctona 1121.

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Stoulton Heref. & Worcs. Stoltun 840, 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village with a seat (used at meetings of the Hundred)’.
OE stl + tn.

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Stourbridge W. Mids. Sturbrug 1255.

‘Bridge over the River Stour’.
Celtic or OE river-name (probably meaning ‘the strong one’) + OE brycg. There are no less than five major rivers in England called Stour, see following names.

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Stour, East & West Dorset. Sture 1086 (DB).

Named from the Dorset/Hants. River Stour, see STOURBRIDGE.

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Stourmouth Kent . Sturmutha late 11th cent.

‘Mouth of the River Stour’.
Celtic or OE river-name (see STOURBRIDGE) + OE mtha.

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Stourpaine Dorset. Sture 1086 (DB), Stures Paen 1243.

‘Estate on the River Stour held by the Payn family’ (here in the 13th cent.), see STOUR, EAST & WEST.

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Stourport-on-Severn Heref. & Worcs. Stourport c.1775.

‘Port at the confluence of the Rivers Stour and Severn’. A recent name.

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Stour Provost Dorset. Stur 1086 (DB), Sture Preauus 1270.

‘Estate on the River Stour held by the Norman Abbey of Préaux’ (during the 12th and 13th centuries), see STOUR, EAST & WEST.

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Stourton,

‘farmstead or village on one of the rivers called Stour’,
Celtic or OE river-name (probably meaning ‘the strong one’) + OE tn: Stourton Staffs . Sturton 1227. Stourton Warwicks. Sturton 1206. Stourton Wilts . Stortone 1086 (DB).

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Stourton Caundle Dorset ,

see CAUNDLE.

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Stoven Suffolk . Stouone 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the tree-stump(s)’.
OE or OScand. stofn.

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Stow, Stowe,

a common name, from
OE stw ‘place of assembly’ or ‘holy place’; examples include: Stow Bardolph Norfolk . Stou 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the Bardulf family, here in the 13th cent. Stow Bedon Norfolk . Stou 1086 (DB), Stouwebidun 1287. Manorial affix from the de Bidun family, here in the 13th cent. Stow cum Quy Cambs. Stoua 1086, Stowe cum Quey 1316. Quy is Coeia in 1086 (DB), ‘cow island’ from
OE c + g.
Latin cum is ‘with’. Stowe Staffs . Stowe 1242. Stow Maries Essex . Stowe 1222, Stowe Mareys 1420. Manorial affix from the Mareys family, here in the 13th cent. Stow on the Wold Glos. Eduuardesstou 1086 (DB), Stoua 1213, Stowe on the Olde 1574. Originally ‘St Edward's holy place’. Later affix is from
OE wald ‘high ground cleared of forest’. Stow, West Suffolk . Stowa 1086 (DB), Westowe 1254.

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Stowell,

‘stony spring or stream’,
OE stn + wella: Stowell Somerset . Stanwelle 1086 (DB). Stowell, West Wilts . Stawelle 1176.

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Stowey, Nether & Over Somerset . Stawei 1086 (DB).

‘Stone way’.
OE stn + weg.

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Stowford,

‘stony ford’,
OE stn + ford; examples include: Stowford Devon, near Portgate . Staford 1086 (DB). Stowford, East Devon . Staveford 1086 (DB).

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Stowlangtoft Suffolk . Stou 1086 (DB), Stowelangetot 13th cent.

OE stw ‘place of assembly or holy place’, with manorial affix from the de Langetot family, here in the 13th cent.

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Stowmarket Suffolk . Stou 1086 (DB), Stowmarket 1268.

OE stw as in previous name, here with later addition referring to the important market here.

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Stowting Kent . Stuting 1044, Stotinges 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘place characterized by a lumpy hillock’,
OE stt + -ing. Alternatively ‘place associated with a man called Stt’, with an
OE pers. name as first element.

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Stradbroke Suffolk . Statebroc (sic) 1086 (DB), Stradebroc 1168.

Possibly ‘brook by a paved road’.
OE strt + brc.

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Stradsett Norfolk . Strateseta 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or fold on a Roman road’.
OE strt + (ge)set.

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Stragglethorpe Lincs. Stragerthorp 1242.

OScand. thorp ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet’ with an uncertain first element, possibly the pers. name or surname of some early owner.

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Stramshall Staffs . Stagrigesholle (sic) 1086 (DB), Strangricheshull 1227.

Possibly ‘hill of a man called Strangrc’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Strangeways Gtr. Manch. Strangwas 1322.

Probably ‘(place by) a stream with a strong current’.
OE strang + (ge)wæsc.

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Stratfield,

‘open land by a Roman road’,
OE strt + feld: Stratfield Mortimer Berks. Stradfeld 1086 (DB), Stratfeld Mortimer 1275. Manorial affix from the de Mortemer family, here from 1086. Stratfield Saye & Turgis Hants. Stratfeld c.1060, Stradfelle 1086 (DB), Stratfeld Say 1277, Stratfeld Turgys 1289. Manorial affixes from the de Say and Turgis families, here in the 13th cent.

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Stratford,

‘ford on a Roman road’,
OE strt + ford; examples include: Stratford Gtr. London . Stratford 1177. Stratford, Fenny Bucks. Fenni Stratford 1252. Affix is
OE fennig ‘marshy’. Stratford St Andrew Suffolk . Straffort 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church. Stratford, Stony Bucks. Stani Stratford 1202. Affix is
OE stnig ‘stony’. Stratford Tony Wilts . Stretford 672, Stradford 1086 (DB), Stratford Touny 14th cent. Manorial affix from the de Touny family, here in the 13th cent. Stratford upon Avon Warwicks. Stretfordæ c.700, Stradforde 1086 (DB). Avon is a Celtic river-name meaning simply ‘river’. Stratford, Water Bucks. Stradford 1086 (DB), West Watrestretford 1383. Affix is
OE wæter ‘river, stream’.

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Stratton,

usually ‘farmstead or village on a Roman road’,
OE strt + tn; examples include: Stratton Audley Oxon. Stratone 1086 (DB), Stratton Audeley 1318. Manorial affix from the de Alditheleg family, here in the 13th cent. Stratton, East & West Hants. Strattone 903, Stratune 1086 (DB). Stratton on the Fosse Somerset . Stratone 1086 (DB). On the great Roman road called FOSSE WAY. Stratton St Margaret Wilts . Stratone 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church. Stratton St Michael & Long Stratton Norfolk . Stratuna, Stretuna 1086 (DB). Distinguishing affixes from the dedication of the church and from the length of the village. Stratton Strawless Norfolk . Stratuna 1086 (DB), Stratton Streles 1446. The affix means literally ‘lacking in straw’, from
OE straw + -las.
However the following has a different origin: Stratton Cornwall . Strætneat c.880, Stratone 1086 (DB). ‘Valley of the River Neet’.
Cornish stras + Celtic river-name (of uncertain meaning), with the later addition of
OE tn ‘village’.

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Streat E. Sussex . Estrat 1086 (DB).

‘(Place on or near) a Roman road’.
OE strt.

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Streatham Gtr. London . Estreham (sic) 1086 (DB), Streteham 1247.

‘Homestead or village on a Roman road’.
OE strt + hm.

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Streatley,

‘woodland clearing by a Roman road’,
OE strt + lah: Streatley Beds. Strætlea c.1053, Stradlei 1086 (DB). Streatley Berks. Stretlea c.690, Estralei 1086 (DB).

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Street,

‘(place on or near) a Roman road or other paved highway’,
OE strt; for example Street (Somerset, near Glastonbury ): Stret 725.

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Streethay Staffs . Stretheye 1262.

‘Enclosure on a Roman road’.
OE strt + hæg.

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Streetly,

‘woodland clearing by a Roman road’,
OE strt + lah: Streetly W. Mids. Strætlea 957. Streetly End Cambs. Stradleia 1086.

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Strefford Shrops. Straford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford on a Roman road’.
OE strt + ford.

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Strensall York. Strenshale 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘nook of land given as a reward, or one used for love-making’.
OE stron + halh.

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Strensham Heref. & Worcs. Strengesho 972, Strenchesham c.1086.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Strenge’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm (alternating with hh ‘promontory’ in the early spelling).

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Strete Devon . Streta 1194.

‘(Place on) the Roman road’.
OE strt.

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Stretford Gtr. Manch. Stretford 1212.

‘Ford on a Roman road’.
OE strt + ford.

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Strethall Essex . Strathala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land by a Roman road’.
OE strt + halh.

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Stretham Cambs. Stratham c.970, Stradham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village on a Roman road’.
OE strt + hm.

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Strettington W. Sussex . Stratone 1086 (DB), Estretementona 12th cent.

‘Farmstead or village of the dwellers by the Roman road’.
OE strt + hme + tn.

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Stretton,

‘farmstead or village on a Roman road’,
OE strt + tn; examples include: Stretton Derbys . Strættune c.1002, Stratune 1086 (DB). Stretton, All & Church Shrops. Stratun(e) 1086 (DB), Aluredestretton, Chirich Stretton 1262. Distinguishing affixes from the name of an early owner called Alfred and from
OE cirice ‘church’. Stretton Grandison Heref. & Worcs. Stratune 1086 (DB), Stretton Graundison 1350. Manorial affix from the Grandison family, here in the 14th cent. Stretton-on-Dunsmore Warwicks. Stratone 1086 (DB). For Dunsmore, see RYTON. Stretton Sugwas Heref. & Worcs. Stratone 1086 (DB), Strattone by Sugwas 1334. Sugwas is ‘alluvial land frequented by sparrows’, or ‘marshy alluvial land’,
OE sugge or sugga + wæsse.

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Strickland, Great & Little Cumbria . Stircland late 12th cent.

‘Cultivated land where young bullocks are kept’.
OE stirc + land.

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Stringston Somerset . Strengestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Strenge’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Strixton Northants. Strixton 12th cent.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Strìkr’.
OScand. pers. name + tn.

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Strood, Stroud,

‘marshy land overgrown with brushwood’,
OE strd; examples include: Strood Kent, near Rochester . Strod 889. Stroud Glos. (La) Strode 1200. Stroud Green Gtr. London, near Highbury . Strode 1407.

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Strubby Lincs., near Alford . Strobi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Strútr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Strumpshaw Norfolk . Stromessaga 1086 (DB).

‘Tree-stump wood or copse’.
OE strump + sceaga.

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Stubbington Hants. Stubitone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Stubba’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn, or ‘farmstead at the tree-stump clearing’,
OE stubbing + tn.

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Stubbins Gtr. Manch. Stubbyng 1563.

OE stubbing ‘place with tree-stumps, a clearing’.

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Stubbs, Walden N. Yorks . Istop (sic) 1086 (DB), Stubbis c.1180, Stubbes Walding 1280.

‘The tree-stumps’.
OE stubb. Manorial affix from an early owner called Walding, here in the 12th cent.

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Stubton Lincs. Stubetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Stubba, or where there are tree-stumps’.
OE pers. name or stubb + tn.

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Studdal, East Kent . Stodwalde 1240.

‘Forest where a herd of horses is kept’.
OE std + weald.

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Studham Beds. Stodham 1053–66, Estodham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure where a herd of horses is kept’.
OE std + hm or hamm.

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Studland Dorset. Stollant 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land where a herd of horses is kept’.
OE std + land.

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Studley,

‘woodland clearing or pasture where a herd of horses is kept’,
OE std + lah: Studley Oxon. Stodleya c.1185. Studley Warwicks. Stodlei 1086 (DB). Studley Wilts . Stodleia 12th cent. Studley Roger N. Yorks . Stodlege c.1030, Stollai 1086 (DB), Stodelay Roger 1228. Manorial affix from early possession by Roger de Mowbray or by Archbishop Roger of York.

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Stukeley, Great & Little Cambs. Stivecle 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing with tree-stumps’.
OE styfic + lah.

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Stuntney Cambs. Stuntenei 1086 (DB).

‘Steep island’.
OE stunt (dative -an) + g.

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Sturmer Essex . Sturmere c.1000, 1086 (DB).

‘Pool on the River Stour’.
Celtic or OE river-name (probably ‘the strong one’) + OE mere.

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Sturminster Marshall Dorset. Sture minster 9th cent., Sturminstre 1086 (DB), Sturministre Marescal 1268.

‘Church on the River Stour’.
Celtic or OE river-name (see STOUR, EAST & WEST) + OE mynster. Manorial affix from the Mareschal family, here in the 13th cent.

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Sturminster Newton Dorset. Nywetone, at Stoure 968, Newentone 1086 (DB), Sturminstr Nyweton 1291.

Originally two separate names for places on opposite sides of the river, ‘new farmstead or village’ from
OE nwe + tn, and ‘church on the River Stour’ (see previous name).

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Sturry Kent . Sturgeh 678, Esturai 1086 (DB).

‘District by the River Stour’.
Celtic or OE river-name (see STOURMOUTH) + OE g.

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Sturton,

‘farmstead or village on a Roman road’,
OE strt + tn: Sturton by Stow Lincs. Stratone 1086 (DB). Sturton, Great Lincs. Stratone 1086 (DB). Sturton le Steeple Notts. Estretone 1086 (DB). Affix le Steeple, first found in the 18th cent., refers to the tower of the church.

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Stuston Suffolk . Stutestuna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Stt’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Stutton N. Yorks . Stouetun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Stúfr’, or ‘one built of or amongst tree-stumps’.
OScand. pers. name or stúfr + OE tn.

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Stutton Suffolk . Stuttuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village infested with gnats, or where bullocks are kept’.
OE stt or OScand. stútr + OE tn.

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Styal Ches. Styhale c.1200.

‘Nook of land with a pigsty, or by a path’.
OE stigu or stg + halh.

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Styrrup Notts. Estirape 1086 (DB), Stirap 1197.

From
OE stg-rp ‘a stirrup’, probably named from the hill to the east of the village, perhaps thought by early settlers to resemble a stirrup in shape.

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Suckley Heref. & Worcs. Suchelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing frequented by sparrows’.
OE succa + lah.

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Sudborough Northants. Sutburg 1086 (DB).

‘Southern fortification’.
OE sth + burh.

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Sudbourne Suffolk . Sutborne c.1050, Sutburna 1086 (DB).

‘Southern stream’.
OE sth + burna.

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Sudbrooke Lincs., near Lincoln . Sutbroc 1086 (DB).

‘Southern brook’.
OE sth + brc.

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Sudbury,

‘southern fortification’,
OE sth + burh (dative byrig): Sudbury Derbys . Sudberie 1086 (DB). Sudbury Gtr. London . Suthbery 1292. Here the second element may mean ‘manor’. Sudbury Suffolk . Suthbyrig c.995, Sutberia 1086 (DB).

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Suffield Norfolk . Sudfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Southern open land’.
OE sth + feld.

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Suffolk (the county ). Suthfolchi 895, Sudfulc 1086 (DB).

‘(Territory of) the southern people (of the East Angles)’.
OE sth + folc, see NORFOLK.

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Sugnall Staffs . Sotehelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Sugenhulle 1222.

‘Hill frequented by sparrows’.
OE sugge (genitive plural -ena) + hyll.

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Sulgrave Northants. Sulgrave 1086 (DB).

‘Grove near a gully or narrow valley’.
OE sulh + grf.

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Sulham Berks. Soleham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead by a gully’.
OE sulh + hm.

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Sulhamstead Berks. Silamested 1198.

‘Homestead by a gully or narrow valley’.
OE sulh (genitive sylh) + hm-stede.

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Sullington W. Sussex . Sillinctune 959, Sillintone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village by a willow copse’.
OE sieling + tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE sielling ‘gift’, denoting land given as a gift.

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Summerseat Gtr. Manch. Sumersett 1556.

‘Hut or shieling used in summer’.
OScand. sumarr + str.

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Sunbury Surrey . Sunnanbyrg 960, Sunneberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Sunna’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Sunderland,

usually ‘detached estate’,
OE sundor-land: Sunderland Cumbria . Sonderland 1278. Sunderland Tyne & Wear. Sunderland c.1168.
However the following has a different origin: Sunderland, North Northum. Sutherlannland 12th cent. ‘Southern cultivated land’.
OE stherra + land.

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Sundon Beds. Sunnandune c.1050, Sonedone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Sunna’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Sundridge Kent . Sondresse 1086 (DB).

‘Separate or detached ploughed field’.
OE sundor + ersc.

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Sunningdale Berks. ,

a parish-name formed in the 19th cent. from the following name.

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Sunninghill Berks. Sunningehull 1190.

‘Hill of the family or followers of a man called Sunna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hyll. The same tribal group gives name to SONNING and SUNNINGWELL.

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Sunningwell Oxon. Sunningauuille 9th cent., Soningeuuel 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of the family or followers of a man called Sunna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + wella.

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Surbiton Gtr. London . Suberton 1179.

‘Southern grange or outlying farm’.
OE sth + bere-tn. See NORBITON.

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Surfleet Lincs. Sverefelt (sic) 1086 (DB), Surfliet 1167.

‘Sour creek or stream’.
OE sr + flot.

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Surlingham Norfolk . Sutherlingaham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Herela’, from
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm, with sth ‘south’. Alternatively ‘homestead of the people living to the south (of Norwich)’,
OE sther + -linga- + hm.

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Surrey (the county ). Suthrige 722, Sudrie 1086 (DB).

‘Southerly district’ (relative to MIDDLESEX).
OE sther + g.

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Sussex (the county ). Suth Seaxe late 9th cent., Sudsexe 1086 (DB).

‘(Territory of) the South Saxons’.
OE sth + Seaxe.

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Sustead Norfolk . Sutstede 1086 (DB).

‘Southern place’.
OE sth + stede.

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Sutcombe Devon . Sutecome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Sutta’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Sutterton Lincs. Suterton 1200.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of the shoe-maker(s)’.
OE stere + tn.

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Sutton,

a very common place-name, ‘south farmstead or village’, i.e. one to the south of another settlement,
OE sth + tn: examples include: Sutton Cambs. Sudtone 1086 (DB). Sutton Gtr. London . Sudtone 1086 (DB). Sutton Suffolk . Suthtuna 1086 (DB). Sutton at Hone Kent . Sudtone 1086 (DB), Sutton atte hone 1240. Affix is ‘at the (boundary) stone’ from
OE hn. Sutton Bonington Notts. Sudtone, Bonniton 1086 (DB). Originally two separate manors, Bonington being ‘estate associated with a man called Buna’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Sutton Bridge Lincs. named from LONG SUTTON. Sutton Coldfield W. Mids. Sutone 1086 (DB), Sutton in Colefeud 1269. Coldfield is ‘open land where charcoal is produced’,
OE col + feld. Sutton Courtenay Oxon. Suthtun c.870, Sudtone 1086 (DB), Suttone Curteney 1284. Manorial affix from the Curtenai family, here in the 12th cent. Sutton, Full E. R. Yorks. Sudtone 1086 (DB), Fulesutton 1234. Affix is
OE fl ‘dirty’. Sutton, Great & Little Ches. Sudtone 1086 (DB). Sutton, Guilden Ches. Sudtone 1086 (DB), Guldenesutton c.1200. Affix is
OE gylden ‘splendid, wealthy’. Sutton in Ashfield Notts. Sutone 1086 (DB), Sutton in Essefeld 1276. Affix is an old district name, see ASHFIELD. Sutton, Kings Northants. Sudtone 1086 (DB), Kinges Sutton 1294. The manor was held by King William in 1086. Sutton, Long Lincs. Sudtone 1086 (DB). Affix refers to the length of the village. Sutton, Long Somerset . Sudton 878, Sutune 1086 (DB), Langesutton 1312. Affix from the length of the village. Sutton on Hull K. upon Hull. Sudtone 1086 (DB), Sutune iuxta Hul 1172. See KINGSTON UPON HULL. Sutton on Sea Lincs. Sudtone 1086 (DB). Sutton on Trent Notts. Sudtone 1086 (DB). Sutton Valence Kent . Suthtun 814, Sudtone 1086 (DB), Sutton Valence 1316. Manorial affix from the Valence family, here in the 13th cent.

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Swaby Lincs. Suabi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Sváfi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Swadlincote Derbys. Sivardingescotes 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘cottage(s) of a man called Sweartling or Svartlingr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE cot.

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Swaffham,

‘homestead of the Swabians’,
OE Swfe + hm: Swaffham Norfolk . Suafham 1086 (DB). Swaffham Bulbeck & Prior Cambs. Suafham c.1050, 1086 (DB), Swafham Bolebek 1218, Swafham Prior 1261. Manorial affixes from early possession by the de Bolebech family and by the Prior of Ely.

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Swafield Norfolk . Suafelda (sic) 1086 (DB), Suathefeld c.1150.

‘Open land characterized by swathes or tracks’.
OE swæth + feld.

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Swainby N. Yorks., near Whorlton . Swaneby 1314.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of the young men’.
OScand. sveinn + bý.

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Swainsthorpe Norfolk . Sueinestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Sveinn’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Swalcliffe Oxon. Sualewclive c.1166.

‘Cliff or slope frequented by swallows’.
OE swealwe + clif.

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Swale (river)

two examples probably identical in origin, from
OE sw(e)alwe ‘rushing water’: i) Kent see SWALECLIFFE, ii) N. Yorks. , see BROMPTON ON SWALE.

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Swalecliffe Kent . Swalewanclife 949, Soaneclive (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Swallow's river-bank’,
OE swealwe + clif, or ‘bank by (the estuary of) the River SWALE’ (the latter once a more extensive river before coastal changes took place).

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Swallow Lincs. Sualun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(place on) the rushing stream’.
OE swalwe.

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Swallowcliffe Wilts. Swealewanclif 940, Svaloclive 1086 (DB).

‘Swallow's cliff or slope’.
OE swealwe + clif.

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Swallowfield Berks. Sualefelle 1086 (DB).

‘Open land on the rushing stream’.
OE swealwe + feld.

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Swanage Dorset. Swanawic late 9th cent., Swanwic 1086 (DB).

‘Farm of the herdsmen, or farm where swans are reared’.
OE swn or swan + wc.

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Swanbourne Bucks. Suanaburna 792, Sueneborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream frequented by swans’.
OE swan + burna.

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Swanland E. R. Yorks. Suenelund 1189.

‘Grove of a man called Svanr or Sveinn’.
OScand. pers. name + lundr.

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Swanley Kent, near Farningham . Swanleg 1203.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of the herdsmen’.
OE swn + lah.

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Swanmore Hants. Suanemere 1205.

‘Pool frequented by swans’.
OE swan + mere.

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Swannington,

probably ‘estate associated with a man called Swan’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Swannington Leics. Suaninton late 12th cent. Swannington Norfolk . Sueningatuna 1086 (DB).

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Swanscombe Kent . Suanescamp 695, Svinescamp 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosed land of the herdsman’.
OE swn + camp.

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Swanton,

‘farmstead or village of the herdsmen’,
OE swn + tn: Swanton Abbot Norfolk . Suanetuna 1086 (DB). Affix from early possession by Holme Abbey. Swanton Morley Norfolk . Suanetuna 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the de Morle family, here in the 14th cent. Swanton Novers Norfolk . Suanetuna 1086 (DB). Manorial affix from the de Nuiers family, here in the 13th cent.

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Swanwick,

‘(dairy) farm of the herdsmen’,
OE swn + wc: Swanwick Derbys. Swanwyk late 13th cent. Swanwick Hants. Suanewic 1185.

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Swarby Lincs. Svarrebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Svarri’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Swardeston Norfolk . Suerdestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Sweord’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Swarkestone Derbys. Suerchestune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Swerkir’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Swarland Northum. Swarland 1242.

‘Heavy cultivated land’.
OE swr + land.

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Swaton Lincs. Svavetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Swfa or Sváfi’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Swavesey Cambs. Suauesye 1086 (DB).

‘Landing-place of a man called Swf’.
OE pers. name (‘the Swabian’) + hth.

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Sway Hants. Sueia 1086 (DB).

Possibly an
OE river-name meaning ‘noisy stream’, or from OE swæth ‘swathe, track’.

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Swayfield Lincs. Suafeld (sic) 1086 (DB), Suathefeld 1206.

‘Open land characterized by swathes or tracks’.
OE swæth + feld.

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Swaythling Hants. Swæthelinge 909.

Probably an old name of the stream here, uncertain in origin and meaning but possibly an
OE swætheling meaning ‘misty stream’.

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Swefling Suffolk . Sueflinga 1086 (DB), Sueftlinges c.1150.

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Swiftel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Swell, Lower & Upper Glos. Swelle 706, Svelle 1086 (DB).

OE swelle ‘rising ground or hill’.

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Swepstone Leics. Scopestone (sic) 1086 (DB), Swepeston c.1125.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Sweppi’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Swerford Oxon. Surford 1086 (DB), Swereford 1194.

‘Ford by a neck of land or col’.
OE swora + ford.

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Swettenham Ches. Suetenham late 12th cent.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Swta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Swilland Suffolk . Suinlanda 1086 (DB).

‘Tract of land where pigs are kept, swine pasture’.
OE swn + land.

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Swillington W. Yorks. Suillintune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead near the pig hill (or clearing)’.
OE swn + hyll (or lah) + -ing- + tn.

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Swimbridge Devon . Birige 1086 (DB), Svimbrige 1225.

‘(Place at) the bridge held by a man called Swine’.
OE pers. name (of the tenant in 1086) + brycg.

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Swinbrook Oxon. Svinbroc 1086 (DB).

‘Pig brook’.
OE swn + brc.

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Swinderby Lincs. Sunderby, Suindrebi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘southern farmstead or village’,
OScand, sundri + bý. Alternatively ‘animal farmstead where pigs are kept’. OScand. svin + djúr + bý.

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Swindon,

‘hill where pigs are kept’,
OE swn + dn: Swindon Glos. Svindone 1086 (DB). Swindon Staffs . Swineduna 1167. Swindon Wilts. Svindune 1086 (DB).

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Swine E. R. Yorks. Suuine 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the creek or channel’.
OE swin.

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Swinefleet E. R. Yorks. Swyneflet c.1195.

Probably ‘stretch of river where pigs are kept’.
OE swn + flot.

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Swineshead,

‘pig's headland or hill’,
OE swn + hafod: Swineshead Beds. Suineshefet 1086 (DB). Swineshead Lincs. Suinesheabde 786–96.

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Swinford,

‘pig ford’,
OE swn + ford: Swinford Leics. Svineford 1086 (DB). Swinford Oxon. Swynford 931.

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Swingfield Minnis Kent . Suinafeld c.1100.

‘Open land where pigs are kept’.
OE swn + feld. Affix is
OE mnnes ‘common land’.

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Swinhoe Northum. Swinhou 1242.

‘Swine headland’.
OE swn + hh.

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Swinhope Lincs. Suinhope 1086 (DB).

‘Secluded valley where pigs are kept’.
OE swn + hop.

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Swinithwaite N. Yorks. Swiningethwait 1202.

‘Place cleared by burning’.
OScand. svithningr + thveit.

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Swinscoe Staffs . Swyneskow 1248.

‘Swine wood’.
OScand. svìn + skògr.

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Swinstead Lincs. Suinhamstede 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead where pigs are kept’.
OE swn + hm-stede.

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Swinton,

‘pig farm’,
OE swn + tn: Swinton Gtr. Manch. Suinton 1258. Swinton N. Yorks., near Masham , Suinton 1086 (DB). Swinton S. Yorks. Suintone 1086 (DB).

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Swithland Leics. Swithellund c.1215.

‘Grove by the burnt clearing’.
OScand. svitha + lundr.

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Swyncombe Oxon. Svinecumbe 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where pigs are kept’.
OE swn + cumb.

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Swynnerton Staffs . Sulvertone (sic) 1086 (DB), Suinuerton 1242.

‘Farmstead by the pig ford’.
OE swn + ford + tn.

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Swyre Dorset. Suere 1086 (DB).

OE swora ‘a neck of land, a col’.

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Syde Glos. Side 1086 (DB).

‘Long hill-slope’.
OE sde.

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Sydenham Gtr. London . Chipeham 1206.

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Cippa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Sydenham Oxon. Sidreham (sic) 1086 (DB), Sidenham 1216.

‘Broad or extensive enclosure’.
OE sd (dative -an) + hamm.

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Sydenham Damerel Devon . Sidelham (sic) 1086 (DB), Sydenham Albemarlie 1297.

Identical in origin with the previous name. Manorial affix from the de Albemarle family, here in the 13th cent.

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Syderstone Norfolk . Cidesterna 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘broad or extensive property’,
OE sd + sterne. Alternatively ‘pool of a man called Siduhere’,
OE pers. name + OScand. tjrn.

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Sydling St Nicholas Dorset. Sidelyng 934, Sidelince 1086 (DB).

‘Broad ridge’.
OE sd + hlinc. Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Sydmonton Hants. Sidemanestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Sidumann’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Syerston Notts. Sirestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Sigehere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Sykehouse S. Yorks. Sikehouse 1404.

‘House(s) by the stream’.
OScand. sík + hús.

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Symondsbury Dorset. Simondesberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or barrow of a man called Sigemund’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Syresham Northants. Sigresham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Sigehere’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Syston Leics. Sitestone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Sigehæth’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Syston Lincs. Sidestan 1086 (DB).

‘Broad stone’.
OE sd + stn.

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Sywell Northants. Siwella 1086 (DB).

‘Seven springs’.
OE seofon + wella.

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T

Tabley, Over Ches. Stabelei (sic) 1086 (DB), Thabbelewe 12th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Tæbba’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Tackley Oxon. Tachelie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Tæcca, or where young sheep are kept’.
OE pers. name or OE tacca + lah.

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Tacolneston Norfolk . Tacoluestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ttwulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Tadcaster N. Yorks. Tatecastre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town of a man called Tta or Tda’.
OE pers. name + cæster.

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Taddington Derbys. Tadintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tadley Hants. Tadanleage 909.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Tda’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Tadlow Cambs. Tadeslaue c.1080, Tadelai 1086 (DB).

‘Tumulus of a man called Tda’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Tadmarton Oxon. Tademærtun 956, Tademertone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead by a pool frequented by toads’.
OE tde + mere + tn.

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Tadworth Surrey . Thæddeuurthe 1062, Tadeorde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosure of a man called Thædda’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Takeley Essex . Tacheleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Tæcca, or where young sheep are kept’.
OE pers. name or OE tacca + lah.

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Talaton Devon . Taletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on the River Tale’.
OE river-name (meaning ‘the swift one’) + tn.

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Talbot Village Dorset ,

model village built in the 1860s and named after the local landowners, the two Talbot sisters.

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Talke Staffs . Talc 1086 (DB).

Possibly an old name for the ridge here, but of obscure origin.

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Talkin Cumbria . Talcan c.1195.

Probably a
Celtic name meaning ‘white brow (of a hill)’.

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Tallentire Cumbria . Talentir c.1160.

Probably a
Celtic name meaning ‘end of the land’.

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Tallington Lincs. Talintune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Tæl or Tala’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tame (river ),

three examples, see THAMES.

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Tamerton,

‘farmstead or village on the River Tamar’,
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘the dark one’ or simply ‘river’) + OE tn: Tamerton Foliot Devon . Tambretone 1086 (DB), Tamereton Foliot 1262. Manorial affix from the Foliot family, here from the 13th cent. Tamerton, North Cornwall. Tamerton 1180.

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Tamworth Staffs . Tamouuorthig 781, Tamuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure on the River Tame’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘the dark one’ or simply ‘river’) + OE worthig (replaced by worth).

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Tandridge Surrey . Tenhric c.965, Tenrige 1086 (DB).

OE hrycg ‘ridge, hill’ with an uncertain first element.

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Tanfield Durham . Tamefeld 1179.

‘Open land on the River Team’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘the dark one’ or simply ‘river’) + OE feld.

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Tanfield, East & West N. Yorks. Tanefeld 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘open land where shoots or osiers grow’.
OE tn + feld.

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Tangley Hants. Tangelea 1175.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing at the spits of land’.
OE tang + lah.

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Tangmere W. Sussex . Tangmere 680, Tangemere 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘tongs-shaped pool’.
OE tang + mere.

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Tankersley S. Yorks. Tancresleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Tancred or T(h)ancrad’.
OGerman pers. name + OE lah.

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Tankerton Kent . Tangerton 1240.

Probably ‘farmstead or estate of a man called Tancred or T(h)ancrad’.
OGerman pers. name + OE tn.

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Tannington Suffolk . Tatintuna 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tansley Derbys. Taneslege 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Tn’,
OE pers. name + lah. Alternatively the first element may be
OE tn ‘branch’ (perhaps used of ‘a valley branching off from the main valley’).

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Tansor Northants. Tanesovre 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘promontory or bank of a man called Tn’,
OE pers. name + ofer or fer. Alternatively the first element may be
OE tn ‘branch’ as in previous name.

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Tanton N. Yorks. Tametun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on the River Tame’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘the dark one’ or simply ‘river’) + OE tn.

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Tanworth-in-Arden Warwicks. Tanewrthe 1201.

Possibly ‘enclosure made with branches’.
OE tn + worth. For Arden, see HENLEY-IN-ARDEN.

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Taplow Bucks. Thapeslau 1086 (DB).

‘Tumulus of a man called Tæppa’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Tarbock Green Mersey . Torboc 1086 (DB), Thornebrooke c.1240.

Probably ‘thorn-tree brook’.
OE thorn + brc.

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Tardebigge Heref. & Worcs. Tærdebicgan c.1000, Terdeberie (sic) 1086 (DB).

In spite of early spellings this name is still obscure in origin and meaning.

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Tarlton Glos. Torentune (sic) 1086 (DB), Torleton 1204.

Probably ‘farmstead at the thorn-tree clearing’.
OE thorn + lah + tn.

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Tarporley Ches. Torpelei 1086 (DB), Thorperlegh 1281.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of the peasants or cottagers’.
OE thorpere + lah.

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Tarrant,

Celtic river-name possibly meaning ‘the trespasser’, i.e. ‘river liable to floods’, and giving name to the following: Tarrant Crawford Dorset. Tarente 1086 (DB), Little Craweford 1280. Distinguishing affix from Craveford 1086 (DB), ‘ford frequented by crows’,
OE crwe + ford. Tarrant Gunville Dorset. Tarente 1086 (DB), Tarente Gundevill 1233. Manorial affix from the Gundeville family, here in the 12th cent. Tarrant Hinton Dorset. Terente 9th cent., Tarente 1086 (DB), Tarente Hyneton 1280. ‘Estate on the River Tarrant belonging to a religious community (Shaftesbury Abbey)’.
OE hwan + tn. Tarrant Keyneston Dorset. Tarente 1086 (DB), Tarente Kahaines 1225. ‘Estate held by the Cahaignes family’, here from the 12th cent. Tarrant Launceston Dorset. Tarente 1086 (DB), Tarente Loueweniston 1280. ‘Estate held by a man called Lofwine or a family called Lowin’. Tarrant Monkton Dorset. Tarente 1086 (DB), Tarent Moneketon 1280. ‘Estate belonging to the monks (of Tewkesbury Abbey)’.
OE munuc + tn. Tarrant Rawston Dorset. Tarente 1086 (DB), Tarrant Rawston alias Antyocke 1535. ‘Ralph's estate’, earlier ‘estate held by the Antioch family’. Tarrant Rushton Dorset. Tarente 1086 (DB), Tarente Russeus 1280. ‘Estate held by the de Rusceaus family’, here in the 13th cent.

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Tarring Neville E. Sussex. Toringes 1086 (DB), Thoring Nevell 1339.

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Teorra’,
OE pers. name + -ingas. Alternatively ‘dwellers at the rocky hill’,
OE torr + -ingas. Manorial affix from the de Neville family, here in the 13th cent.

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Tarring, West W. Sussex . Teorringas 946, Terringes 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Teorra’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Tarrington Heref. & Worcs. Tatintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tarvin Ches. Terve (sic) 1086 (DB), Teruen 1185.

Celtic river-name meaning ‘boundary (stream)’, the old name of the River Gowy.

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Tasburgh Norfolk . Taseburc 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Tsa’.
OE pers. name + burh. The river-name Tas is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Tasley Shrops. Tasseleya c.1143.

OE lah ‘wood, clearing’ with an uncertain first element.

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Tatenhill Staffs . Tatenhyll 942.

‘Hill of a man called Tta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hyll.

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Tatham Lancs. Tathaim 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Tta’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Tathwell Lincs. Tadewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream frequented by toads’.
OE tde + wella.

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Tatsfield Surrey . Tatelefelle 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Ttel’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Tattenhall Ches. Tatenale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Tta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Tatterford Norfolk . Taterforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Tthere’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Tattersett Norfolk . Tatessete 1086 (DB).

‘Fold of a man called Tthere’.
OE pers. name + set.

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Tattershall Lincs. Tateshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Tthere’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Tattingstone Suffolk . Tatistuna (sic) 1086 (DB), Tatingeston 1219.

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Tting’,
OE pers. name + tn. Alternatively ‘farmstead at the place associated with a man called Tta’,
OE pers. name + -ing + tn.

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Taunton Somerset . Tantun 737, Tantone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on the River Tone’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘roaring stream’) + OE tn.

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Taverham Norfolk . Taverham 1086 (DB).

‘Red-lead homestead or enclosure’, perhaps referring to a red-painted building or to soil colour.
OE tafor + hm or hamm.

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Tavistock Devon . Tauistoce 981, Tavestoc 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet by the River Tavy’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘dark stream’) + OE stoc.

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Tavy, Mary & Peter Devon . Tavi, Tawi 1086 (DB), Tavymarie 1412, Petri Tavy 1270.

Named from the River Tavy, see previous name. Distinguishing affixes from the dedications of their churches.

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Tawstock Devon . Tauestoca 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet on the River Taw’.
Celtic river-name (see next name) + OE stoc.

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Tawton,

‘farmstead or village on the River Taw’,
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘strong or silent stream’) + OE tn: Tawton, Bishop's Devon . Tautona 1086 (DB), Tautone Episcopi 1284. Affix from its possession by the Bishop (
Latin episcopus) of Exeter in 1086. Tawton, North & South Devon . Tawetone, Tavetone 1086 (DB).

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Taxal Derbys. Tackeshale c.1251.

Possibly ‘nook of land held on lease’.
ME tak + OE halh.

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Taynton Glos. Tetinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tealby Lincs. Tavelesbi 1086 (DB).

Possibly an ancient tribal name
OE Tflas or Tflas (representing the East Germanic Taifali) to which OScand. bý ‘farmstead, village’ was later added.

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Team (river) Durham ,

gives name to TANFIELD, see THAMES.

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Tean, Lower & Upper Staffs . Tene 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Tean, a
Celtic river-name probably meaning simply ‘stream’.

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Tebay Cumbria . Tibeia c.1160.

‘Island of a man called Tiba’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Tebworth Beds. Teobbanwyrthe 962.

‘Enclosure of a man called Teobba’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + worth.

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Tedburn St Mary Devon . Teteborne 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the stream of a woman called Tette or a man called Tetta’.
OE pers. name + burna.

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Teddington Glos. Teottingtun 780, Teotintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Teotta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Teddington Gtr. London . Tudintun 969.

‘Estate associated with a man called Tuda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tedstone Delamere & Wafre Heref. & Worcs. Tedesthorne 1086 (DB), Teddesthorn la Mare, Teddesthorne Wafre 1249.

Probably ‘thorn-tree of a man called Tod’.
OE pers. name + thorn. Manorial affixes from early possession by the de la Mare and le Wafre families.

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Tees (river) Cumbria-Durham ,

see STOCKTON ON TEES.

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Teeton Northants. Teche (sic) 1086 (DB), Teacne 1195.

‘(Hill with) a beacon’.
OE tcne.

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Teffont Evias & Magna Wilts. Tefunte 860, Tefonte 1086 (DB), Teffunt Ewyas 1275.

‘Boundary spring’.
OE to + funta. Manorial affix from possession by the barons of Ewyas in the 13th cent.; the other affix is
Latin magna ‘great’.

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Teigh Rutland . Tie 1086 (DB).

OE tag ‘a small enclosure’.

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Teigngrace Devon . Taigne 1086 (DB), Teyngegras 1331.

Named from the River Teign, a
Celtic river-name meaning simply ‘stream’. Manorial affix from the Gras family, here in the 14th cent.

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Teignmouth Devon . Tengemutha 1044.

‘Mouth of the River Teign’.
Celtic river-name (see previous name) + OE mtha.

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Telford Shrops. ,

a modern name commemorating the engineer Thomas Telford (1757–1834), famous for his bridges, roads, and canals.

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Tellisford Somerset . Tefleford 1001, Tablesford 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ford at a flat or level place’.
OE tefli + ford. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE pers. name such as Thofol.

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Telscombe E. Sussex. Titelescumbe 966.

‘Valley of a man called Titel’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Teme (river) Shrops.-Heref. & Worcs. ,

see TENBURY WELLS.

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Temple

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Temple Cloud B. & NE. Som. see CLOUD.

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Templeton Devon . Templum 1206, Templeton 1334.

‘Manor held by the Knights Templars’.
ME temple + OE tn.

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Tenbury Wells Heref. & Worcs. Tamedeberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold on the River Teme’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘the dark one’) + OE burh. The addition Wells referring to the spa here is only recent.

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Tendring Essex . Tendringa 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘place where tinder or fuel is gathered’.
OE tynder + -ing.

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Tenterden Kent . Tentwardene 1179.

‘Woodland pasture of the Thanet dwellers’. THANET +
OE -ware + denn.

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Terling Essex . Terlinges 1017–35, Terlingas 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Tyrhtel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas. The river-name Ter is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Tern (river) Shrops. ,

see EATON UPON TERN.

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Terrington N. Yorks. Teurinctune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Teofer’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Terrington St Clement & St John Norfolk . Tilinghetuna 1086 (DB), Terintona 1121.

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Tir(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn. Distinguishing affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Teston Kent . Terstan 10th cent., Testan 1086 (DB).

‘Stone with a gap or hole’.
OE tær + stn.

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Testwood Hants. Lesteorde (sic) 1086 (DB), Terstewode c.1185.

‘Wood by the River Test’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name (obscure in origin and meaning) + OE wudu.

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Tetbury Glos. Tettanbyrg c.900, Teteberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place of a woman called Tette’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Tetcott Devon . Tetecote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage of a woman called Tette or of a man called Tetta’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Tetford Lincs. Tedforde 1086 (DB).

‘People's or public ford’.
OE thod + ford.

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Tetney Lincs. Tatenai 1086 (DB).

‘Island of a man called Tta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Tetsworth Oxon. Tetleswrthe c.1150.

‘Enclosure of a man called Ttel’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Tettenhall W. Mids. Teotanheale early 10th cent., Totenhale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Totta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Teversal Notts. Tevreshalt 1086 (DB).

‘Shelter of the painter or sorcerer, or of a man called Teofer’.
OE tefrere or pers. name + hald.

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Teversham Cambs. Teuersham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the painter or sorcerer, or of a man called Teofer’.
OE tefrere or pers. name + hm.

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Tew, Great & Little, Duns Tew Oxon. Tiwan 1004, Tewe, Teowe 1086 (DB), Donestiua c.1210.

Possibly an
OE tewe ‘row or ridge’. Manorial affix from early possession by a man called Dunn.

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Tewin Herts. Tiwingum 944–6, Teuuinge 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Twa’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Tewkesbury Glos. Teodekesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place of a man called Todec’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Tey, Great & Marks Essex . Tygan c.950, Teia 1086 (DB), Merkys Teye 1475.

From
OE tege ‘enclosure’. Manorial affix from possession by the de Merck family.

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Teynham Kent . Teneham 798, Therham (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of a man called Tna’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Thakeham W. Sussex . Taceham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead with a thatched roof’.
OE thaca + hm.

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Thame Oxon. Tame c.1000, 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Thame, a Celtic river-name, see THAMES.

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Thames (river) Glos.-London . Tamesis 51 BC.

An ancient
Celtic river-name possibly meaning ‘dark one’ or simply ‘river’. The river-names Tame (three examples, N. Yorks., Warwicks.-Staffs., W. Yorks.-Ches. ), Team (Durham ), Thame (Bucks.-Oxon. ), and (with a different ending) Tamar (Cornwall-Devon ) are from the same root and probably have a similar meaning.

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Thames Ditton Surrey ,

see DITTON.

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Thamesmead Gtr. London ,

a recent name for a new development by the Thames.

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Thanet Kent . Tanatus 3rd cent., Tanet 1086 (DB).

A
Celtic name possibly meaning ‘bright island’, perhaps with reference to a beacon.

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Thanington Kent . Taningtune 833.

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Tn’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tharston Norfolk . Therstuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Therir’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thatcham Berks. Thæcham c.954, Taceham 1086 (DB).

‘Thatched homestead, or river-meadow where thatching materials are got’.
OE thæcce + hm or hamm.

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Thatto Heath Mersey . Thetwall 12th cent.

‘Spring or stream with a water-pipe’.
OE thote + wella.

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Thaxted Essex . Tachesteda 1086 (DB).

‘Place where thatching materials are got’.
OE thæc + stede.

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Theakston N. Yorks. Eston (sic) 1086 (DB), Thekeston 1157.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Thodec’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Thealby N. Lincs. Tedulfbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thjóthulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Theale,

‘the planks’ (referring to a bridge or building),
OE thel in a plural form thelu: Theale Berks. Teile 1208. Theale Somerset . Thela 1176.

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Thearne E. R. Yorks. Thoren 1297.

‘The thorn-tree’.
OE thorn.

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Theberton Suffolk . Thewardetuna (sic) 1086 (DB), Tiberton 1176.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thodbeorht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Thedden Grange Hants. Tedena (sic) 1168, Thetdene 1234.

‘Valley with a water-pipe’.
OE thote + denu.

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Theddingworth Leics. Tedingesworde (sic) 1086 (DB), Tedingewrth 1206.

Probably ‘enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Thoda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + worth.

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Theddlethorpe All Saints & St Helen Lincs. Tedlagestorp 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Thodlc’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp. Distinguishing affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Thelbridge Devon . Talebrige 1086 (DB).

‘Plank bridge’.
OE thel + brycg.

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Thelnetham Suffolk . Thelueteham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘enclosure frequented by swans near a plank bridge’.
OE thel + elfitu + hamm.

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Thelwall Ches. Thelwæle 923.

‘Pool by a plank bridge’.
OE thel + wl.

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Themelthorpe Norfolk . Timeltorp 1203.

Possibly ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Thmel or Thymill’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + thorp. Alternatively the first element may be
OE thmel ‘a thimble’ alluding to the small size of the settlement.

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Thenford Northants. Taneford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of the thegns or retainers’.
OE thegn + ford.

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Therfield Herts. Therefeld 1060, Derevelde 1086 (DB).

‘Dry open land’.
OE thyrre + feld.

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Thetford,

‘people's or public ford’,
OE thod + ford: Thetford Norfolk . Theodford late 9th cent., Tedfort 1086 (DB). Thetford, Little Cambs. Thiutforda c.972, Liteltedford 1086 (DB). Affix is
OE ltel.

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Theydon Bois Essex . Thecdene 1062, Teidana 1086 (DB), Teidon Boys 1257.

Probably ‘valley where thatching materials are got’.
OE thæc + denu. Manorial affix from the de Bosco or de Boys family, here in the 12th cent.

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Thimbleby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Thymill or Thymli’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Thimbleby Lincs. Stimblebi (sic) 1086 (DB), Timblebi c.1115. Thimbleby N. Yorks. Timbelbi 1086 (DB).

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Thingwall Mersey . Tinguelle 1086 (DB).

‘Field where an assembly meets’.
OScand. thing-vllr.

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Thirkleby N. Yorks. Turchilebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thorkell’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Thirlby N. Yorks. Trillebia 1187.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thrylli, or of the thralls’.
OScand. pers. name or thrll + bý.

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Thirn N. Yorks. Thirne 1086 (DB).

‘The thorn-tree’.
OE thyrne.

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Thirsk N. Yorks. Tresch 1086 (DB).

OScand. thresk ‘a marsh’.

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Thirston, East Northum. Thrasfriston 1242.

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Thræsfrith’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Thistleton,

‘farmstead or village where thistles grow’,
OE thistel + tn: Thistleton Lancs. Thistilton 1212. Thistleton Rutland . Tisteltune 1086 (DB).

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Thixendale N. Yorks. Sixtendale 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Sigsteinn’.
OScand. pers. name + dalr.

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Tholthorpe N. Yorks. Turulfestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Thórulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Thompson Norfolk . Tomestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Tumi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thong Kent . Thuange c.1200.

‘Narrow strip of land’.
OE thwang.

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Thoralby N. Yorks. Turoldesbi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Thóraldr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Thoresby Notts. Thuresby 958, Turesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thrir’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Thoresby, North Lincs. Toresbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thórir’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Thoresby, South Lincs. Toresbi 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Thoresway Lincs. Toreswe 1086 (DB), Thoresweie 1187.

Possibly ‘way or road of a man called Thórir’,
OScand. pers. name + OE weg. Alternatively the DB form may represent
OScand. Thrsw ‘shrine dedicated to the heathen god Thor’ in which the second element w was later confused with
OE weg.

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Thorganby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Thorgrímr’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Thorganby Lincs. Turgrimbi 1086 (DB). Thorganby N. Yorks. Turgisbi (sic) 1086 (DB), Turgrimebi 1192.

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Thorington Suffolk . Torentuna 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-tree enclosure or farmstead’.
OE thorn or thyrne + tn.

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Thorlby N. Yorks. Toreilderebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thóraldr, or of a woman called Thórhildr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Thorley,

‘thorn-tree wood or clearing’,
OE thorn + lah: Thorley Herts. Torlei 1086 (DB). Thorley I. of Wight. Torlei 1086 (DB).

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Thormanby N. Yorks. Tormozbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thormóthr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Thornaby on Tees Stock. on T. Tormozbi 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Thornage Norfolk . Tornedis 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-tree enclosure or pasture’.
OE thorn + edisc.

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Thornborough,

‘hill where thorn-trees grow’,
OE thorn + beorg: Thornborough Bucks. Torneberge 1086 (DB). Thornborough N. Yorks. Thornbergh 1198.

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Thornbury,

‘fortified place where thorn-trees grow’,
OE thorn + burh (dative byrig): Thornbury Devon . Torneberie 1086 (DB). Thornbury Heref. & Worcs. Thornbyrig c.1000, Torneberie 1086 (DB). Thornbury S. Glos. Turneberie 1086 (DB).

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Thornby Northants. Torneberie 1086 (DB), Thirnebi c.1160.

‘Farmstead or village where thorn-trees grow’.
OScand. thyrnir + bý (replacing OE burh ‘stronghold’).

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Thorncombe,

‘valley where thorn-trees grow’,
OE thorn + cumb: Thorncombe Dorset, near Blandford . Tornecome 1086 (DB). Thorncombe Dorset, near Holditch . Tornecoma 1086 (DB).

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Thorndon Suffolk . Tornduna 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where thorn-trees grow’.
OE thorn + dn.

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Thorne,

‘(place at) the thorn-tree’,
OE thorn: Thorne S. Yorks. Torne 1086 (DB). Thorne St Margaret Somerset . Torne 1086 (DB), Thorn St Margaret 1251. Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Thorner W. Yorks. Tornoure 1086 (DB).

‘Ridge or bank where thorn-trees grow’.
OE thorn + ofer.

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Thorney,

usually ‘thorn-tree island’,
OE thorn + g; examples include: Thorney Cambs. Thornige c.960, Torny 1086 (DB). Thorney, West W. Sussex . Thorneg 11th cent., Tornei 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Thorney Notts. Torneshaie 1086 (DB). ‘Thorn-tree enclosure’.
OE thorn + haga.

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Thornfalcon Somerset . Torne 1086 (DB), Thorn fagun 1265.

‘(Place at) the thorn-tree’,
OE thorn. Manorial affix from early possession by a family called Fagun.

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Thornford Dorset. Thornford 951, Torneford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where thorn-trees grow’.
OE thorn + ford.

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Thorngumbald E. R. Yorks. Torne 1086 (DB), Thoren Gumbaud 1297.

‘(Place at) the thorn-tree’.
OE thorn. Manorial affix from the Gumbald family, here in the 13th cent.

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Thornham,

‘homestead or village where thorn-trees grow’,
OE thorn + hm: Thornham Norfolk. Tornham 1086 (DB). Thornham Magna & Parva Suffolk . Thornham 1086 (DB). Affixes are
Latin magna ‘great’ and parva ‘little’.

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Thornhaugh Cambs. Thornhawe 1189.

‘Thorn-tree enclosure’.
OE thorn + haga.

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Thornhill,

‘hill where thorn-trees grow’,
OE thorn + hyll; examples include: Thornhill Derbys. Tornhull 1200. Thornhill W. Yorks. Tornil 1086 (DB).

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Thornley Durham, near Crook . Thornley 1382.

‘Thorn-tree wood or clearing’.
OE thorn + lah.

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Thornley Durham, near Peterlee . Thornhlawa 1071–80.

‘Thorn-tree hill or mound’.
OE thorn + hlw.

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Thornthwaite,

‘thorn-tree clearing’,
OScand. thorn + thveit: Thornthwaite Cumbria, near Keswick . Thornthwayt 1254. Thornthwaite N. Yorks. Tornthueit 1230.

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Thornton,

a common name, ‘thorn-tree enclosure or farmstead’,
OE thorn + tn; examples include: Thornton Lancs. Torentun 1086 (DB). Thornton W. Yorks. Torentone 1086 (DB). Thornton, Bishop N. Yorks. Thorntune c.1030, Torentune 1086 (DB). Affix refers to its early possession by the Archbishop of York. Thornton, Childer Ches. Thorinthun c.1210, Childrethornton 1288. Affix means ‘of the young men’ (from
OE cild, genitive plural cildra), with reference to the young monks of St Werburgh's Abbey in Chester. Thornton Dale N. Yorks. Torentune 1086 (DB). Affix is OScand. dalr ‘valley’. Thornton Heath Gtr. London . Thorneton Hethe 1511. With
OE hth ‘heath’.

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Thoroton Notts. Toruertune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thorfrøthr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thorp, Thorpe,

a common name, from
OScand. thorp ‘outlying farmstead or hamlet, dependent secondary settlement’, except for a few South Country instances which are from
OE throp of similar meaning; examples include: Thorp Arch W. Yorks. Torp 1086 (DB), Thorp de Arches 1272. Manorial affix from the de Arches family, here in the 11th cent. Thorpe Norfolk . Torpe 1254. Thorpe Surrey . Thorp 672–4, Torp 1086 (DB). Thorpe-le-Soken Essex . Torp 12th cent., Thorpe in ye Sooken 1612. Affix is from
OE scn ‘district with special jurisdiction’. Thorpe on the Hill Lincs. Torp 1086 (DB). Thorpe St Andrew Norfolk . Torp 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church. Thorpe Salvin S. Yorks. Torp 1086 (DB), Thorpe Saluayn 1255. Manorial affix from the Salvain family, here in the 13th cent. Thorpe Willoughby N. Yorks. Torp 1086 (DB), Thorp Wyleby 1276. Manorial affix from the de Willeby family, here in the 13th cent.

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Thorrington Essex . Torinduna (sic) 1086 (DB), Torritona 1202.

Probably ‘thorn-tree enclosure or farmstead’.
OE thorn or thyrne + tn.

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Thorverton Devon . Toruerton 1182.

Probably ‘farmstead by the thorn-tree ford’.
OE thorn + ford + tn.

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Thrandeston Suffolk . Thrandeston c.1035, Thrandestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thrándr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thrapston Northants. Trapestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thræpst’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Threapwood Ches. Threpewood 1548.

‘Disputed wood’.
OE thrap + wudu.

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Three Bridges W. Sussex . Le three bridges 1613.

Self-explanatory.

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Threekingham Lincs. Trichingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the tribe called Tricingas’.
Old tribal name (origin obscure) + OE hm.

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Threlkeld Cumbria . Trellekell 1197.

‘Spring of the thralls or serfs’.
OScand. thrll + kelda.

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Threshfield N. Yorks. Freschefelt (sic) 1086 (DB), Threskefeld 12th cent.

‘Open land where corn is threshed’.
OE thresc + feld.

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Thrigby Norfolk . Trikebei 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thrykki’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Thringstone Leics. Trangesbi (sic) 1086 (DB), Trengeston c.1200.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thræingr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn (replacing OScand. bý).

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Thrintoft N. Yorks. Tirnetofte 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-tree homestead’.
OScand. thyrnir + toft. Alternatively the first element may be the
OScand. man's name Thyrnir.

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Thriplow Cambs. Tripelan (sic) c.1050, Trepeslau 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or tumulus of a man called Tryppa’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Throcking Herts. Trochinge 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘place where beams are used or obtained’.
OE throc + -ing.

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Throckley Tyne & Wear. Trokelawa 1177.

Possibly ‘hill where beams are obtained’.
OE throc + hlw.

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Throckmorton Heref. & Worcs. Trochemerton 1176.

Possibly ‘farmstead by a pool with a beam bridge’.
OE throc + mere + tn.

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Throphill Northum. Trophil 1166.

‘Hamlet hill’.
OE throp + hyll.

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Thropton Northum. Tropton 1177.

‘Estate with an outlying farmstead or hamlet’,
OE throp + tn.

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Throston, High Hartlepl. Thoreston c.1300.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thórir or Thórr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Throwleigh Devon . Trule 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing with or near a conduit’.
OE thrh + lah.

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Throwley Kent . Trevelai 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Thrumpton Notts., near Ruddington . Turmodestun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thormóthr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thrupp,

‘outlying farmstead or hamlet’,
OE throp: Thrupp Glos. Trop 1261. Thrupp Oxon. Trop 1086 (DB).

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Thrushelton Devon . Tresetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village frequented by thrushes’.
OE thryscele + tn.

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Thruxton,

‘estate or manor of a man called Thorkell’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Thruxton Hants. Turkilleston 1167. Thruxton Heref. & Worcs. Torchestone (sic) 1086 (DB), Turkelestona 1160–70.

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Thrybergh S. Yorks. Triberge 1086 (DB).

‘Three hills’.
OE thr + beorg.

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Thundersley Essex . Thunreslea 1086 (DB).

‘Sacred grove of the heathen god Thunor’.
OE god-name + lah.

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Thurcaston Leics. Turchitelestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thorketill’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thurcroft S. Yorks. Thurscroft 1319.

‘Enclosure of a man called Thórir’.
OScand. pers. name + OE croft.

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Thurgarton,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Thorgeirr’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Thurgarton Norfolk . Thurgartun 1044–7, Turgartuna 1086 (DB). Thurgarton Notts. Turgarstune 1086 (DB).

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Thurgoland S. Yorks. Turgesland 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land of a man called Thorgeirr’.
OScand. pers. name + land.

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Thurlaston,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Thorleifr’,
OScand. pers. name + OE tn: Thurlaston Leics. Turlauestona 1166. Thurlaston Warwicks. Torlauestone 1086 (DB).

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Thurlby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Thórulfr’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Thurlby Lincs., near Bourne . Turolvebi 1086 (DB). Thurlby Lincs., near Lincoln . Turolue(s)bi 1086 (DB).

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Thurleigh Beds. La Lega 1086 (DB), Thyrleye 1372.

‘(Place at) the wood or clearing’. From
OE lah with the remains of the OE definite article thre (dative).

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Thurlestone Devon . Thyrelanstane 847, Torlestan 1086 (DB).

‘Stone or rock with a hole in it’.
OE thyrel + stn.

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Thurlow, Great & Little Suffolk . Tridlauua 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘burial mound of the warriors’.
OE thrth + hlw.

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Thurloxton Somerset . Turlakeston 1195.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thorlákr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thurlstone S. Yorks. Turulfestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thórulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thurlton Norfolk . Thuruertuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thorfrithr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thurmaston Leics. Turmodestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thormóthr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thurnby Leics. Turneby 1156.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thyrnir, or where thorn-bushes grow’.
OScand. pers. name or thyrnir + bý.

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Thurnham Lancs. Tiernun (sic) 1086 (DB), Thurnum 1160.

‘(Place at) the thorn-trees’.
OE thyrne in a dative plural form thyrnum.

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Thurning,

‘place where thorn-trees grow’,
OE thyrne + -ing: Thurning Norfolk . Turninga 1086 (DB). Thurning Northants. Torninge 1086 (DB).

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Thurnscoe S. Yorks. Ternusche 1086 (DB), Thirnescoh c.1090.

‘Thorn-tree wood’.
OScand. thyrnir + skógr.

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Thurrock, Little & West Essex . Thurroce 1040–2, Thurrucca 1086 (DB).

‘Place where filthy water collects’.
OE thurruc. Originally applied to a stretch of marshland west of Tilbury. See also GRAYS.

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Thursby Cumbria . Thoresby c.1165.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thórir’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Thursford Norfolk . Turesfort 1086 (DB).

‘Ford associated with a giant or demon’.
OE thyrs + ford.

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Thursley Surrey . Thoresle 1292.

Probably ‘sacred grove of the heathen god Thunor’.
OE god-name + lah.

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Thurstaston Mersey . Turstanetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thorsteinn’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thurston Suffolk, near Bury . Thurstuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thóri’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thurstonfield Cumbria . Turstanfeld c.1210.

‘Open land of a man called Thorsteinn’.
OScand. pers. name + OE feld.

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Thurstonland W. Yorks. Tostenland 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land of a man called Thorsteinn’.
OScand. pers. name + land.

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Thurton Norfolk . Tortuna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘thorn-tree enclosure or farmstead’.
OE thorn or thyrne + tn.

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Thurvaston Derbys. Turverdestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thorfrithr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thuxton Norfolk . Turstanestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thorsteinn’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Thwaite,

‘the clearing, meadow, or paddock’,
OScand. thveit; examples include: Thwaite Suffolk . Theyt 1228.

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Thwaite St Mary Norfolk . Thweit 1254.

Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Thwing E. R. Yorks. Tuuenc 1086 (DB).

‘Narrow strip of land’.
OScand. thvengr or OE thweng.

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Tibberton,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Tdbeorht’,
OE pers. name + tn: Tibberton Glos. Tebriston 1086 (DB). Tibberton Heref. & Worcs. Tidbrihtincgtun 978–92, Tidbertun 1086 (DB). Tibberton Shrops. Tetbristone 1086 (DB).

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Tibshelf Derbys. Tibecel 1086 (DB), Tibbeshelf 1179.

‘Shelf or ridge of a man called Tibba’.
OE pers. name + scelf.

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Tibthorpe E. R. Yorks. Tibetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Tibbi or Tibba’.
OScand. or OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Ticehurst E. Sussex. Tycheherst 1248.

‘Wooded hill where young goats are kept’.
OE ticce(n) + hyrst.

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Tichborne Hants. Ticceburna c.909.

‘Stream frequented by young goats’.
OE ticce(n) + burna.

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Tickencote Rutland . Tichecote 1086 (DB).

‘Shed for young goats’.
OE ticcen + cot.

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Tickenham N. Som. Ticaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Tica, or where young goats are kept’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) or ticcen + hm or hamm.

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Tickhill S. Yorks. Tikehill 12th cent.

‘Hill of a man called Tica, or where young goats are kept’.
OE pers. name or ticce(n) + hyll.

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Ticknall Derbys. Ticenheale c.1002.

‘Nook of land where young goats are kept’.
OE ticcen + halh.

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Tickton E. R. Yorks. Tichetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Tica, or where young goats are kept’.
OE pers. name or ticce(n) + tn.

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Tidcombe Wilts. Titicome 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of a man called Titta’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Tiddington Oxon. Titendone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Tytta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Tiddington Warwicks. Tidinctune 969.

‘Estate associated with a man called Tda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tideford Cornwall . Tutiford 1201.

‘Ford over the River Tiddy’.
Old river-name (of uncertain origin and meaning) + OE ford.

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Tidenham Glos. Dyddanhamme 956, Tedeneham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Dydda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hamm.

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Tideswell Derbys. Tidesuuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Tdi’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Tidmarsh Berks. Tedmerse 1196.

‘People's or common marsh’.
OE thod + mersc.

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Tidmington Warwicks. Tidelminctune 977, Tidelmintun 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tdhelm’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tidworth, North (Wilts. ) & South (Hants. ). Tudanwyrthe c.990, Tode(w)orde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Tuda’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Tiffield Northants. Tifelde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘open land with or near a meeting-place’.
OE tg + feld.

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Tilbrook Cambs. Tilebroc 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘brook of a man called Tila’.
OE pers. name + brc.

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Tilbury Essex . Tilaburg 731, Tiliberia 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stronghold of a man called Tila’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig). Alternatively the first element may be a lost stream-name Tila ‘the useful one’.

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Tilehurst Berks. Tigelherst 1167.

‘Wooded hill where tiles are made’.
OE tigel + hyrst.

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Tilford Surrey . Tileford c.1140.

‘Useful ford, or ford of a man called Tila’.
OE til or pers. name + ford.

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Tillingham Essex . Tillingaham c.1000, Tillingham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Tilli’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Tillington Heref. & Worcs. Tullinton c.1180.

‘Estate associated with a man called Tulla or Tylla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tillington W. Sussex . Tullingtun 960.

‘Estate associated with a man called Tulla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tilmanstone Kent . Tilemanestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Tilmann’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Tilney All Saints & St Lawrence Norfolk . Tilnea 1170.

‘Useful island, or island of a man called Tila’.
OE til (dative -an) or pers. name (genitive -n) + g. Distinguishing affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Tilshead Wilts. Tidulfhide 1086 (DB).

‘Hide of land of a man called Tdwulf’.
OE pers. name + hd, see SHREWTON.

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Tilstock Shrops. Tildestok 1211.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a woman called Tdhild’.
OE pers. name + stoc.

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Tilston Ches. Tilleston 1086 (DB).

‘Stone of a man called Tilli or Tilla’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Tilstone Fearnall Ches. Tidulstane 1086 (DB), Tilston Farnhale 1427.

‘Stone of a man called Tdwulf’.
OE pers. name + stn. Affix is the name of a local place now lost, ‘fern nook’,
OE fearn + halh.

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Tilsworth Beds. Pileworde (sic) 1086 (DB), Thuleswrthe 1202.

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Thfel or Tyfel’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Tilton Leics. Tiletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Tila’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Timberland Lincs. Timberlunt 1086 (DB).

‘Grove where timber is obtained’.
OE timber or OScand. timbær + lundr.

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Timberscombe Somerset . Timbrecumbe 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where timber is obtained’.
OE timber + cumb.

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Timble N. Yorks. Timmel c.972, Timble 1086 (DB).

Possibly from an
OE tymbel ‘a fall of earth’ or ‘a tumbling stream’.

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Timperley Gtr. Manch. Timperleie 1211–25.

‘Wood or clearing where timber is obtained’.
OE timber + lah.

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Timsbury B. & NE. Som. Timesberua (sic) 1086 (DB), Timberesberwe 1233.

‘Grove where timber is obtained’.
OE timber + bearu.

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Timsbury Hants. Timbreberie 1086 (DB).

‘Timber or wooden fort or manor’.
OE timber + burh (dative byrig).

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Timworth Green Suffolk . Timeworda 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Tima’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Tincleton Dorset. Tincladene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of the small farms’.
OE tnincel + denu.

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Tindale Cumbria . Tindale late 12th cent.

‘Valley of the River South Tyne’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name (meaning simply ‘river’) + OScand. dalr.

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Tingewick Bucks. Tedinwiche 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘dwelling or (dairy) farm at the place associated with a man called Tda or Toda’.
OE pers. name + -ing + wc.

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Tingrith Beds. Tingrei (sic) 1086 (DB), Tingrith c.1215.

‘Stream by which assemblies are held’.
OE thing + rth.

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Tinsley S. Yorks. Tineslauue 1086 (DB).

‘Mound of a man called Tynni’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Tintagel Cornwall . Tintagol c.1137.

Probably ‘fort by the neck of land’.
Cornish din + tagell.

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Tintinhull Somerset . Tintanhulle 10th cent., Tintenella 1086 (DB).

OE hyll ‘hill’ added to an old
Celtic name from din ‘fort’ with an uncertain second element.

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Tintwistle Derbys. Tengestvisie 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘river-fork of the prince’.
OE thengel + twisla.

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Tinwell Rutland . Tedinwelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Tiningewelle mid-13th cent.

Possibly ‘spring or stream of the family or followers of a man called Tni’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + wella.

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Tiptoe Hants.

First on record in 1555, probably a manorial name from the Typetot family mentioned in this area from the 13th cent.

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Tipton W. Mids. Tibintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tibba’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tiptree Essex . Tipentrie 12th cent.

Probably ‘tree of a man called Tippa’.
OE pers. name + trow.

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Tirley Glos. Trineleie 1086 (DB).

‘Circular woodland clearing’.
OE trind + lah.

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Tisbury Wilts. Tyssesburg c.800, Tisseberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Tyssi’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Tissington Derbys. Tizinctun 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tdsige’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tisted, East & West Hants. Ticcesstede 932, Tistede 1086 (DB).

‘Place where young goats are kept’.
OE ticce(n) + stede.

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Titchfield Hants. Ticefelle 1086 (DB).

‘Open land where young goats are kept’.
OE ticce(n) + feld.

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Titchmarsh Northants. Tuteanmersc 973, Ticemerse 1086 (DB).

‘Marsh of a man called Tyccea’.
OE pers. name + mersc.

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Titchwell Norfolk . Ticeswelle c.1035, Tigeuuella 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream frequented by young goats’.
OE ticce(n) + wella.

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Titley Heref. & Worcs. Titelege 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Titta’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Titlington Northum. Titlingtona 12th cent.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Titel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Titsey Surrey . Tydices eg 10th cent., Ticesei 1086 (DB).

‘Well-watered land of a man called Tydic’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Tittensor Staffs . Titesovre (sic) 1086 (DB), Titneshovere 1236.

‘Ridge of a man called Titten’.
OE pers. name + ofer.

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Tittleshall Norfolk . Titeshala (sic) 1086 (DB), Titleshal 1200.

‘Nook of land of a man called Tyttel’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Tiverton Ches. Tevreton 1086 (DB).

‘Red-lead farmstead’, perhaps denoting a red-painted building or where red-lead was available.
OE tafor + tn.

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Tiverton Devon . Twyfyrde 880–5, Tovretona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village at the double ford’.
OE tw-fyrde + tn.

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Tivetshall St Margaret & St Mary Norfolk . Teueteshala 1086 (DB).

OE halh ‘nook of land’, possibly with an old form of dialect tewhit ‘lapwing’. Distinguishing affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Tixall Staffs . Ticheshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land where young goats are kept’.
OE ticce(n) + halh.

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Tixover Rutland . Tichesovre 1086 (DB).

‘Promontory where young goats are kept’.
OE ticce(n) + ofer.

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Tockenham Wilts. Tockenham 854, Tocheham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Toca’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Tockholes Lancs. Tocholis c.1200.

‘Hollows of a man called Toca or Tók(i)’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + hol.

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Tockington S. Glos. Tochintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Toca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tockwith N. Yorks. Tocvi 1086 (DB).

‘Wood of a man called Tóki’.
OScand. pers. name + vithr.

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Todber Dorset. Todeberie 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill or grove of a man called Tota’.
OE pers. name + beorg or bearu.

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Toddington Beds. Totingedone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of the family or followers of a man called Tuda’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + dn.

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Toddington Glos. Todintun 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tuda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Todenham Glos. Todanhom 804, Teodeham 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosed valley of a man called Toda’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hamm.

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Todmorden W. Yorks. Tottemerden 1246.

‘Boundary valley of a man called Totta’.
OE pers. name + mre + denu.

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Todwick S. Yorks. Tatewic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Tta’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Toft, Tofts,

from
OScand. toft ‘curtilage or homestead’; examples include: Toft Cambs. Tofth 1086 (DB). Toft Monks Norfolk . Toft 1086 (DB). Affix from its possession by the Norman Abbey of Préaux in the 12th cent. Tofts, West Norfolk . Stofftam (sic) 1086 (DB), Toftes 1199.

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Toftrees Norfolk . Toftes 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Togston Northum. Toggesdena 1130.

‘Valley of a man called Tocg’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Tolland Somerset . Talanda 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land by the River Tone’.
Celtic river-name (see TAUNTON) + OE land.

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Tollard Royal Wilts. Tollard 1086 (DB), Tollard Ryall 1535.

‘Hollow hill’.
Celtic tull + ardd. Affix from lands here held c.1200 by King John.

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Toller Fratrum & Porcorum Dorset. Tolre 1086 (DB), Tolre Fratrum, Tolre Porcorum 1340.

Named from the River Toller, now the River Hooke. Toller is an old
Celtic river-name meaning ‘hollow stream’. The humorously contrasting affixes are
Latin fratrum ‘of the brethren’ (with reference to early possession by the Knights Hospitallers) and porcorum ‘of the pigs’ (with reference to its herds of swine).

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Tollerton N. Yorks. Toletun 972, Tolentun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the tax-gatherers’.
OE tolnere + tn.

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Tollerton Notts. Troclauestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thorleifr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Tollesbury Essex . Tolesberia 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Toll’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Tolleshunt D'Arcy & Major Essex . Tollesfuntan c.1000, Toleshunta 1086 (DB).

‘Spring of a man called Toll’.
OE pers. name + funta. Manorial affixes from possession by the Darcy family (here in the 15th cent.) and by a tenant called Malger in 1086.

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Tolpuddle Dorset. Pidele 1086 (DB), Tollepidele 1210.

‘Estate on the River Piddle belonging to a woman called Tóla’.
OE river-name (see PIDDLEHINTON) with OScand. pers. name. The Tóla in question is recorded as giving her lands including Tolpuddle to Abbotsbury Abbey before 1066.

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Tolworth Gtr. London . Taleorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Tala’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Tonbridge Kent . Tonebrige 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘bridge belonging to the estate or manor’.
OE tn + brycg.

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Tone (river) Somerset ,

see TAUNTON.

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Tong,

‘tongs-shaped feature’, e.g. ‘fork of a river’,
OE tang, twang (apparently replacing a related form tweonga of similar meaning): Tong Shrops. Tweongan 10th cent., Tvange 1086 (DB). Tong W. Yorks. Tuinc (sic) 1086 (DB), Tange 1176.

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Tonge Leics. Tunge 1086 (DB).

‘The tongue of land’.
OScand. tunga.

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Tongham Surrey . Tuangham 1189.

‘Homestead or enclosure by the fork of a river’.
OE tang or twang + hm or hamm.

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Toot Baldon Oxon. ,

see BALDON.

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Tooting Bec & Graveney Gtr. London . Totinge 675, Totinges 1086 (DB), Totinge de Bek 1255, Thoting Gravenel 1272.

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Tta’, from
OE pers. name + -ingas. Alternatively ‘people of the look-out place’, from
OE tt + -ingas. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by the Norman Abbey of Bec-Hellouin and by the de Gravenel family.

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Topcliffe N. Yorks. Topeclive 1086 (DB).

‘Cliff or bank of a man called Toppa’.
OE pers. name + clif.

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Topcroft Norfolk . Topecroft 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Tópi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE croft.

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Toppesfield Essex . Topesfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Topp’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Topsham Devon . Toppeshamme 937, Topeshant (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Promontory of a man called Topp’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Torbay Devon . Torrebay 1401.

‘Bay near TORRE’.
ME bay.

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Torbryan Devon . Torre 1086 (DB), Torre Briane 1238.

‘The rocky hill’.
OE torr, with manorial affix from the de Brione family, here in the 13th cent.

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Torksey Lincs. Turecesieg 11th cent., Torchesey 1086 (DB).

‘Island of a man called Turec’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Tormarton S. Glos. Tormentone (sic) 1086 (DB), Tormarton 1166.

‘Boundary farmstead where thorn-trees grow’, or ‘farmstead by the pool where thorn-trees grow’.
OE thorn + mre or mere + tn.

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Torpenhow Cumbria . Torpennoc 1163.

‘Ridge of the hill with a rocky peak’.
OE torr + Celtic penn + OE hh.

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Torpoint Cornwall . Tor-point 1746.

‘Rocky headland’.
OE torr + ME point.

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Torquay Devon . Torrekay 1591.

‘Quay near TORRE’, see next name.
ME key.

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Torre Devon . Torre 1086 (DB).

‘The rocky hill’.
OE torr.

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Torrington, Black, Great, & Little Devon . Tori(n)tona 1086 (DB), Blaketorrintun 1219.

‘Farmstead or village on the River Torridge’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘turbulent stream’) + OE tn. Affix is
OE blæc ‘dark-coloured’ (referring to the river here).

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Torrington, East & West Lincs. Terintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tr(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Torrisholme Lancs. Toredholme 1086 (DB).

‘Island of a man called Thóraldr’.
OScand. pers. name + holmr.

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Tortington W. Sussex . Tortinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Torhta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tortworth S. Glos. Torteword 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Torhta’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Torver Cumbria . Thoruergh 1190–9.

‘Turf-roofed shed or shieling’, or ‘shieling of a man called Thorfi’.
OScand. torf or pers. name + erg.

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Torworth Notts. Turdeworde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Thórthr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE worth.

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Toseland Cambs. Toleslund 1086 (DB).

‘Grove of a man called Tóli’.
OScand. pers. name + lundr.

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Tosson, Great Northum. Tossan 1205.

Possibly ‘look-out stone’.
OE tt + stn.

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Tostock Suffolk . Totestoc 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet by the look-out place’.
OE tt + stoc.

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Totham, Great & Little Essex . Totham c.950, Tot(e)ham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village by the look-out place’.
OE tt + hm.

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Totland I. of Wight. Totland 1608.

‘Cultivated land or estate with a look-out place’.
OE tt + land.

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Totley S. Yorks. Totingelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the family or followers of a man called Tota’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + lah.

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Totnes Devon . Totanæs c.1000, Toteneis 1086 (DB).

‘Promontory of a man called Totta’.
OE pers. name + næss.

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Tottenham Gtr. London . Toteham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Totta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Tottenhill Norfolk . Tottenhella 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Totta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hyll.

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Totteridge Gtr. London . Taderege c.1150.

‘Ridge of a man called Tta’.
OE pers. name + hrycg.

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Totternhoe Beds. Totenehou 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur with a look-out house’.
OE tt + ærn + hh.

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Tottington Gtr. Manch. Totinton 1212.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Tota’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE tt ‘look-out hill’.

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Totton Hants. Totintone 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Towcester Northants. Tofeceaster early 10th cent., Tovecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman fort on the River Tove’.
OE river-name (meaning ‘slow’) + ceaster.

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Towednack Cornwall . ‘Parish of Sanctus Tewennocus’ 1327.

From the dedication of the church to St Winwaloe (of which name To-Winnoc is a pet-form).

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Tower Hamlets Gtr. London ,

term used at least as early as the 18th cent. for ‘hamlets under the jurisdiction of the Tower of London’.

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Towersey Oxon. Eie 1086 (DB), Turrisey 1240.

‘The island held by the de Turs family’ (here from the 13th cent.).
OE g with later manorial affix.

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Tow Law Durham . Tollawe 1423.

Possibly ‘look-out hill or mound’.
OE tt + hlw.

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Towthorpe York. Touetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Tófi’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Towton N. Yorks. Touetun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Tófi’.
OScand. pers. name + tn.

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Toxteth Mersey . Stochestede (sic) 1086 (DB), Tokestath 1212.

‘Landing-place of a man called Tóki or Tk’.
OScand. pers. name + stth.

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Toynton All Saints & St Peter Lincs. Totintun(e) 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tota’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Alternatively the first element may be
OE tt ‘look-out hill’. Affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Toynton, High Lincs. Tedin-, Todintune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Toda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Trafford, Bridge & Mickle Ches. Trosford, Traford 1086 (DB).

‘Trough ford’.
OE trog + ford. Distinguishing affixes are
OE brycg and OScand. mikill ‘great’.

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Trafford Park Gtr. Manch. Stratford 1206.

‘Ford on a Roman road’.
OE strt + ford.

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Tranmere Mersey . Tranemul late 12th cent.

‘Sandbank frequented by cranes’.
OScand. trani + melr.

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Tranwell Northum. Trennewell 1268.

‘Spring or stream frequented by cranes’.
OScand. trani + OE wella.

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Trawden Lancs. Trochdene 1296.

‘Trough-shaped valley’.
OE trog + denu.

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Treales Lancs. Treueles 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a court’.
Welsh tref + llys.

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Treborough Somerset . Traberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill or mound growing with trees’.
OE trow + beorg.

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Tredington Warwicks. Tredingctun 757, Tredinctun 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tyrdda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Treeton S. Yorks. Tretone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead built with posts’.
OE trow + tn.

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Tregony Cornwall . Trefhrigoni 1049, Treligani 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farm of a man called Rigni’.
Cornish tre + pers. name.

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Tremaine Cornwall . Tremen c.1230.

‘Farm of the stone’.
Cornish tre + men.

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Trematon Cornwall . Tremetone 1086 (DB).

Cornish tre ‘farm’ + unknown word or pers. name + OE tn ‘estate’.

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Treneglos Cornwall . Treneglos 1269.

‘Farm of the church’.
Cornish tre + an ‘the’ + eglos.

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Trent Dorset. Trente 1086 (DB).

Originally the name of the stream here, a
Celtic river-name possibly meaning ‘the trespasser’, i.e. ‘river liable to floods’.

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Trentham Staffs . Trenham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or river-meadow on the River Trent’.
Celtic river-name (identical with previous name) + OE hm or hamm.

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Trentishoe Devon . Trendesholt (sic) 1086 (DB), Trenlesho 1203.

‘Round hill-spur’.
OE trendel + hh.

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Tresco Isles of Scilly, Cornwall. Trescau 1305.

‘Farm of elder-trees’.
Cornish tre + scaw.

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Treswell Notts. Tireswelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Tr’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Tretire Heref. & Worcs. Rythir 1212.

‘Long ford’. Welsh rhyd + hir.

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Trevose Head Cornwall ,

first recorded in the 17th cent., named from a farm called Trevose which is Trenfos 1302, ‘farm by the bank or dyke’ (perhaps referring to an earlier fort), from
Cornish tre + an ‘the’ + fos.

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Trewhitt, High Northum. Tirwit 1150–62.

Possibly ‘river-bend where resinous wood is obtained’.
OScand. tyri + OE wiht.

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Treyford W. Sussex . Treverde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford marked by a tree or with a tree-trunk bridge’.
OE trow + ford.

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Trimdon Durham . Tremeldon 1196.

Probably ‘hill with a wooden cross’.
OE trow + ml + dn.

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Trimingham Norfolk . Trimingeham 1185.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Trymma’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Trimley Suffolk . Tremelaia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Trymma’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Trimpley Heref. & Worcs. Trinpelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Trympa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Tring Herts. Treunge (sic) 1086 (DB), Trehangr 1199.

‘Wooded slope’.
OE trow + hangra.

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Tritlington Northum. Turthlyngton c.1170.

‘Estate associated with a man called Tyrhtel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Troston Suffolk . Trostingtun c.1000, Trostuna 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Trost(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Trottiscliffe Kent . Trottes clyva 788, Totesclive (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Cliff or hill-slope of a man called Trott’.
OE pers. name + clif.

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Trotton W. Sussex. Traitone (sic) 1086 (DB), Tratinton 12th cent.

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Trætt’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE træding ‘path, stepping-stones’.

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Troutbeck,

‘(place on) the trout stream’,
OE truht + OScand. bekkr: Troutbeck Cumbria, near Ambleside. Trutebek 1272. Troutbeck Cumbria, near Penruddock. Troutbek 1332.

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Trowbridge Wilts. Straburg (sic) 1086 (DB), Trobrigge 1184.

‘Tree-trunk bridge’.
OE trow + brycg.

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Trowell Notts. Trowalle 1086 (DB).

‘Tree stream’, perhaps referring to a tree-trunk used as a bridge.
OE trow + wella.

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Trowse Newton Norfolk . Treus, Newotuna 1086 (DB).

Originally two separate names, ‘wooden house’ from
OE trow + hs, and ‘new farmstead’ from
OE nwe + tn.

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Trull Somerset . Trendle 1225.

‘Circular feature’.
OE trendel.

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Trumpington Cambs. Trumpintune c.1050, Trumpintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Trump(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Trunch Norfolk . Trunchet 1086 (DB).

Possibly a
Celtic name meaning ‘wood on a spur of land’.

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Truro Cornwall . Triueru c.1173.

Possibly a Cornish name meaning ‘(place of) great water-turbulence’.

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Trusham Devon . Trisma 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘place overgrown with brushwood’ from a derivative of
OE trs.

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Trusley Derbys. Trusselai 1166.

Possibly ‘brushwood clearing’.
OE trs + lah.

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Trusthorpe Lincs. Dreuistorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Drjúgr or Dreus’.
OScand. or OFrench pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Trym (river) Glos. ,

see WESTBURY ON TRYM.

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Trysull Staffs . Treslei 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Trysull, possibly a
Celtic river-name meaning ‘strongly flowing’.

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Tubney Oxon. Tobenie 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Tubba’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Tuddenham,

‘homestead or village of a man called Tda’,
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm: Tuddenham Suffolk. Todenham 1086 (DB). Tuddenham, East & North Norfolk . East , Nord Tudenham 1086 (DB).

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Tudeley Kent . Tivedele 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘wood or clearing overgrown with ivy’.
OE fede + lah, with initial T- from the
OE preposition æt ‘at’.

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Tudhoe Durham . Tudhow 1279.

‘Hill-spur of a man called Tda’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Tuesley Surrey . Tiwesle 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘wood or clearing dedicated to the heathen god Tw’, from
OE god-name + lah. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE man's name Twhere.

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Tuffley Glos. Tuffelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Tuffa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Tufnell Park Gtr. London ,

named from one William Tufnell, lord of the manor of Barnsbury in 1753.

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Tufton Hants. Tochiton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Toca or Tucca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tugby Leics. Tochebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Tóki’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Tugford Shrops. Dodefort (sic) 1086 (DB), Tuggeford c.1138.

‘Ford of a man called Tucga’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Tulse Hill Gtr. London ,

named from the Tulse family, recorded as living here in the 17th cent.

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Tumby Lincs. Tunbi 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Tumi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý. Alternatively the first element may be
OE tn or OScand. tún ‘enclosure’.

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Tunbridge Wells Kent ,

named from TONBRIDGE, Wells referring to the medicinal springs here discovered in the 17th cent. The affix Royal was bestowed on the town by Edward VII.

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Tunstall,

found in various counties, from
OE tn-stall ‘the site of a farm, a farmstead’; examples include: Tunstall Kent . Tunestelle 1086 (DB). Tunstall Staffs., near Stoke. Tunstal 1212. Tunstall Suffolk . Tunestal 1086 (DB).

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Tunstead Norfolk . Tunstede 1044–7, Tunesteda 1086 (DB).

OE tn-stede ‘farmstead’.

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Tunworth Hants. Tuneworde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Tunna’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Tupsley Heref. & Worcs. Topeslage 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘ram's woodland clearing’.
ME tup (or a byname formed from this word) + OE lah.

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Turkdean Glos. Turcandene 716–43, Turchedene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a river called Turce’. Lost
Celtic river-name (probably meaning ‘boar’) + OE denu.

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Tur Langton Leics. ,

see LANGTON.

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Turnastone Heref. & Worcs. Thurneistun 1242.

‘Estate of a family called de Turnei’.
OE tn, with the name of a family recorded in the area in the 12th cent.

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Turners Puddle Dorset. Pidele 1086 (DB), Tonerespydele 1268.

‘Estate on the River Piddle held by the Toner family’.
OE river-name (pidele ‘a marsh or fen’) with name of family here from 1086.

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Turnworth Dorset. Torneworde 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-bush enclosure’.
OE thyrne + worth.

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Turton Bottoms Lancs. Turton 1212.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Thóri or Thórr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn. Affix is from
OE botm ‘valley bottom’.

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Turvey Beds. Torueie 1086 (DB).

‘Island with good turf or grass’.
OE turf + g.

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Turville Bucks. Thyrefeld 796.

‘Dry open land’.
OE thyre + feld.

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Turweston Bucks. Turvestone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Thorfrøthr or Thorfastr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Tutbury Staffs . Toteberia 1086 (DB), Stutesberia c.1150.

‘Stronghold of a man called Tutta or Stt’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Tutnall Heref. & Worcs. Tothehel (sic) 1086 (DB), Tottenhull 1262.

‘Hill of a man called Totta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hyll.

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Tuttington Norfolk . Tutincghetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Tutta’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Tuxford Notts. Tuxfarne (sic) 1086 (DB), Tukesford 12th cent.

Possibly ‘ford of a man called Tuk’,
OScand. pers. name + OE ford, but the first element may be an early form of tusk ‘tussock, tuft of rushes’.

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Tweedmouth Northum. Tuedemue 1208–10.

‘Mouth of the River Tweed’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name (possibly meaning ‘powerful one’) + OE mtha.

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Twemlow Green Ches. Twamlawe 12th cent.

‘(Place at) the two tumuli’.
OE twgen (dative twm) + hlw.

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Twickenham Gtr. London . Tuicanhom 704.

Probably ‘land in a river-bend of a man called Twicca’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hamm. Alternatively the first element may be
OE twicce ‘river-fork’.

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Twigworth Glos. Tuiggewrthe 1216.

Possibly ‘enclosure of a man called Twicga’,
OE pers. name + worth. Alternatively ‘enclosure made with twigs’, from
OE twigge.

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Twineham W. Sussex . Tuineam late 11th cent.

‘(Place) between the streams’.
OE betwonan + a (dative plural am).

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Twinstead Essex . Tumesteda (sic) 1086 (DB), Twinstede 1203.

Probably ‘double homestead’.
OE twinn + stede.

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Twitchen Devon . Twechon 1442.

OE twicen(e) ‘cross-roads’.

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Twycross Leics. Tvicros 1086 (DB).

‘(Place with) two crosses’.
OE tw- + cros.

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Twyford,

found in various counties, ‘double ford’,
OE tw-ford or tw-fyrde; examples include: Twyford Berks. Tuiford 1170. Twyford Hants. Tuifyrde c.970, Tviforde 1086 (DB).

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Twyning Glos. Bituinæum 814, Tveninge 1086 (DB).

Originally ‘(place) between the rivers’ from
OE betwonan + a (dative am), later ‘settlement of those living there’ with the addition of
OE -ingas.

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Twywell Northants. Twiwel 1013, Tuiwella 1086 (DB).

‘Double spring or stream’.
OE tw- + wella.

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Tydd St Giles (Cambs. ) & St Mary (Lincs. ). Tid 1086 (DB).

Probably
OE tydd ‘shrubs or brushwood’. Distinguishing affixes from the church dedications.

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Tyldesley Gtr. Manch. Tildesleia c.1210.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Tilwald’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Tyler Hill Kent . Tylerhelde 1304.

‘Slope of the tile-makers’.
OE tiglere + helde.

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Tyne & Wear (new county ),

named from the Rivers Tyne and Wear, see TYNEMOUTH, MONKWEARMOUTH.

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Tyneham Dorset. Tigeham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘goat's enclosure’.
OE tige (genitive -an) + hamm.

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Tynemouth Tyne & Wear. Tinanmuthe 792.

‘Mouth of the River Tyne’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name (meaning simply ‘river’) + OE mtha. The new district-name Tyneside is named from the same river.

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Tyringham Bucks. Telingham (sic) 1086 (DB), Tringeham 1130.

‘Homestead or river-meadow of the family or followers of a man called Tr(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm or hamm.

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Tysoe Warwicks. Tiheshoche 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill-spur of the heathen god Tw’.
OE god-name + hh.

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Tytherington,

‘estate associated with a man called Tydre’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn, or ‘stock-breeding farmstead’, with an
OE td(d)ring as first element: Tytherington Ches. Tidderington c.1245. Tytherington S. Glos. Tidrentune 1086 (DB). Tytherington Wilts. Tuderinton 1242.

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Tytherleigh Devon . Tiderlege 12th cent.

Probably ‘young wood or clearing’, referring to new growth.
OE tedre + lah.

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Tytherley, East & West Hants. Tiderlei 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Tytherton Lucas & East Tytherton Wilts. Tedrintone 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with TYTHERINGTON. Manorial affix from the Lucas family, here in the 13th cent.

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Tywardreath Cornwall . Tiwardrai 1086 (DB).

‘House on the beach’.
Cornish ti + war + treth.

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U

Ubbeston Green Suffolk . Upbestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ubbi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Ubley B. & NE. Som. Hubbanlege late 10th cent., Tumbeli (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ubba’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Uckerby N. Yorks. Ukerby 1198.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Úkyrri or Útkári’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Uckfield E. Sussex. Uckefeld 1220.

‘Open land of a man called Ucca’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Uckington Glos. Hochinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Ucca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Udimore E. Sussex. Dodimere (sic) 1086 (DB), Odumer 12th cent.

Possibly ‘woody pond’.
OE wudig + mere.

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Uffculme Devon . Offecoma 1086 (DB).

‘Estate on the Culm river held by a man called Uffa’.
OE pers. name + Celtic river-name (see CULLOMPTON).

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Uffington,

‘estate associated with a man called Uffa’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Uffington Lincs . Offintone 1086 (DB). Uffington Shrops . Ofitone 1086 (DB).

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Uffington Oxon. Uffentune 10th cent., Offentone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate of a man called Uffa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + tn.

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Ufford,

‘enclosure of a man called Uffa’,
OE pers. name + worth: Ufford Cambs . Uffawyrtha 948. Ufford Suffolk . Uffeworda 1086 (DB).

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Ufton Warwicks . Hulhtune 1043, Ulchetone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead with a shed or hut’.
OE huluc + tn.

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Ufton Nervet Berks. Offetune 1086 (DB), Offeton Nernut 1284

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Uffa’.
OE pers. name + tn. Manorial affix from the Neyrnut family, here in the 13th cent.

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Ugborough Devon . Ulgeberge (sic) 1086 (DB), Uggeberge 1200.

‘Hill or mound of a man called Ugga’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Uggeshall Suffolk . Uggiceheala 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Uggeca’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Ugglebarnby N. Yorks. Ugleberdesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Uglubárthr’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Ugley Essex . Uggele c.1041, Ugghelea 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Ugga’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Ugthorpe N. Yorks. Ughetorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Uggi’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Ulceby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Ulfr’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Ulceby Lincs . Ulesbi 1086 (DB). Ulceby N. Lincs . Ulvesbi 1086 (DB).

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Ulcombe Kent . Ulancumbe 946, Olecumbe 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of the owl’.
OE le + cumb.

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Uldale Cumbria . Ulvesdal 1216.

‘Valley of a man called Ulfr, or one frequented by wolves’.
OScand. pers. name or ulfr + dalr.

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Uley Glos. Euuelege 1086 (DB).

‘Yew-tree wood or clearing’.
OE w + lah.

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Ulgham Northum. Wlacam 1139, Ulweham 1242

‘Valley or nook frequented by owls’.
OE le + hwamm.

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Ullenhall Warwicks. Holehale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Ulla’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Ulleskelf N. Yorks. Oleschel (sic) 1086 (DB), Ulfskelf 1170–7.

‘Shelf or bank of a man called Ulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + skjalf or OE scelf (with Scand. sk-).

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Ullesthorpe Leics. Ulestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Ulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Ulley S. Yorks. Ollei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing frequented by owls’.
OE le + lah.

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Ullingswick Heref. & Worcs. Ullingwic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm associated with a man called Ulla’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + wc.

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Ullock Cumbria, near Mockerkin . Uluelaik 1279.

‘Place where wolves play’.
OScand. ulfr + leikr.

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Ullswater Cumbria . Ulueswater c.1230.

‘Lake of a man called Ulfr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE wæter.

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Ulpha Cumbria, near Coniston . Wolfhou 1279.

‘Hill frequented by wolves’.
OScand. ulfr + haugr.

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Ulrome E. R. Yorks. Ulfram 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead or village of a man called Wulfhere or a woman called Wulfwaru’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Ulverston Cumbria . Ulurestun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wulfhere or Ulfarr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Umberleigh Devon . Umberlei 1086 (DB), Wumberlegh 1270.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing by the meadow stream’.
OE winn + burna + lah.

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Underbarrow Cumbria . Underbarroe 1517.

‘(Place) under the hill’.
OE under + beorg.

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Underriver Kent . Sub le Ryver 1477.

‘(Place) under the hill-brow’.
OE under + yfer.

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Underwood Notts. Underwode 1287.

‘(Place) within or near a wood’.
OE under + wudu.

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Unstone Derbys. Onestune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called n’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Unthank Cumbria, near Gamblesby . Unthank 1254.

‘(Land held) without consent’, i.e. ‘a squatter's holding’.
OE unthanc. There are other examples of the name in Northumberland and Cumbria.

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Up

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Up Cerne (Dorset ) see CERNE.

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Upavon Wilts. Oppavrene 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement) higher up the River Avon’.
OE upp + Celtic river-name (meaning simply ‘river’).

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Upchurch Kent . Upcyrcean c.1100

‘Church standing high up’.
OE upp + cirice.

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Upham Hants. Upham 1201.

‘Upper homestead or enclosure’.
OE upp + hm or hamm.

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Uphill Somerset . Opopille 1086 (DB).

‘(Place) above the creek’.
OE uppan + pyll.

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Upleadon Glos. Ledene 1086 (DB), Upleden 1253.

‘(Settlement) higher up the River Leadon’.
OE upp + Celtic river-name (see HIGHLEADON).

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Upleatham Red. & Cleve. Upelider 1086 (DB), Uplithum c.1150.

‘(Place at) the upper slopes’.
OE upp + hlith, or OScand. upp(i) + hlith, in a dative plural form.

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Uplowman Devon . Oppaluma 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement) higher up the River Loman’.
OE upp + Celtic river-name (probably meaning ‘elm river’).

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Uplyme Devon . Lim 1086 (DB), Uplim 1238.

‘(Settlement) higher up the River Lim’.
OE upp + Celtic river-name (meaning simply ‘stream’).

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Upminster Gtr. London . Upmunstra 1086 (DB).

‘Higher minster or church’.
OE upp + mynster.

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Upottery Devon . Upoteri 1005, Otri 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement) higher up the River Otter’.
OE upp + river-name (see OTTERY).

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Upper

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Upper Arley (Heref. & Worcs. ) see ARLEY.

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Upperthong W. Yorks. Thwong 1274, Overthong 1286.

‘Narrow strip of land’.
OE thwang, with uferra ‘upper’ to distinguish it from NETHERTHONG.

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Uppingham Rutland . Yppingeham 1067.

‘Homestead or village of the hill-dwellers’.
OE yppe + -inga- + hm.

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Uppington Shrops. Opetone 1086 (DB), Oppinton 1195.

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Uppa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Upsall N. Yorks., near Thirsk . Upsale 1086 (DB).

‘Higher dwelling(s)’.
OScand. upp + salr.

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Upton,

a common name, usually ‘higher farmstead or village’,
OE upp + tn; examples include: Upton Berks., near Slough . Opetone 1086 (DB). Upton Ches., near Birkenhead . Optone 1086 (DB). Upton Dorset, near Lytchett . Upton 1463. Upton Cheyney S. Glos. Vppeton 1190, Upton Chaune 1325. Manorial affix from the Cheyney family. Upton Grey Hants. Upton 1202, Upton Grey 1281. Manorial affix from the de Grey family, here in the 13th cent. Upton Hellions Devon . Uppetone Hyliun 1270. Manorial affix from the de Helihun family, here in the 13th cent. Upton Pyne Devon . Opetone 1264, Uppetone Pyn 1283. Manorial affix from the de Pyn family, here in the 13th cent. Upton St Leonards Glos. Optune 1086 (DB), Upton Sancti Leonardi 1287. Affix from the dedication of the church. Upton Scudamore Wilts. Uptune c.990, Uptone 1086 (DB), Upton Squydemor 1275. Manorial affix from the de Skydemore family, here in the 13th cent. Upton Snodsbury Heref. & Worcs. Snoddesbyri 972, Snodesbyrie 1086 (DB), Upton juxta Snodebure 1280. Originally two separate names, the earlier being ‘stronghold of a man called Snodd’,
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig). Upton upon Severn Heref. & Worcs. Uptune 897, Uptun 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Upton Lovell Wilts. Ubbantun 957, Ubbedon Lovell 1476. ‘Farmstead or village of a man called Ubba’.
OE pers. name + tn, with manorial affix from the Lovell family, here in the 15th cent.

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Upwaltham W. Sussex . Waltham 1086 (DB), Up Waltham 1371.

‘Homestead or village in a forest’.
OE w(e)ald + hm, with upp ‘higher’.

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Upwell Cambs./Norfolk . Wellan 963, Upwell 1221.

‘(Place) higher up the stream’.
OE wella with affix upp to distinguish it from OUTWELL.

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Upwey Dorset. Wai(e) 1086 (DB), Uppeweie 1241.

‘(Settlement) higher up the River Wey’. Pre-English river-name (see WEYMOUTH) with
OE upp.

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Upwood Cambs. Upwude 974, Upehude (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Higher wood’.
OE upp + wudu.

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Urchfont Wilts. Ierchesfonte 1086 (DB).

‘Spring of a man called Eohrc’.
OE pers. name + funta.

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Urishay Heref. & Worcs. Haya Hurri 1242.

‘Enclosure of a man called Wulfrc’.
OE pers. name + hæg.

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Urmston Gtr. Manch. Wermeston 1194.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wyrm or Urm’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Urswick, Great & Urswick, Little Cumbria . Ursewica c.1150.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm by the bison lake’.
OE r + s + wc.

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Ushaw Moor Durham . Ulveskahe 12th cent.

Probably ‘small wood frequented by wolves’.
OE wulf + scaga.

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Usselby Lincs. Osoluebi c.1115.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called swulf’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Utterby Lincs. Uthterby 1150–60.

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called htrd’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Uttoxeter Staffs . Wotocheshede 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘heath of a man called Wuttuc’.
OE pers. name + hddre.

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Uxbridge Gtr. London . Wixebrug c.1145.

‘Bridge of the tribe called Wixan’.
OE tribal name + brycg.

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V

Vale of White Horse (district) Oxon. The vale of Whithors 1368.

Named from the pre-historic figure of a horse cut into the chalk on White Horse Hill.

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Vale Royal Ches. Vallis Regalis 1277, Valroyal 1357.

‘Royal valley’, the site of a monastery founded by Edward I.
OFrench val + roial (in Latin in the first spelling).

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Vange Essex . Fengge 963, Phenge 1086 (DB).

‘Fen or marsh district’.
OE fenn + g.

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Vauxhall Gtr. London . Faukeshale 1279.

‘Hall or manor of a man called Falkes’.
OFrench pers. name + OE hall.

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Velly Devon ,

see CLOVELLY.

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Venn Ottery Devon ,

see OTTERY.

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Ventnor I. of Wight. ‘(Farm of) Vintner’ 1617.

Probably a manorial name from a family called le Vyntener. The old name of Ventnor was Holeweia c.1200, ‘the hollow way, or the way in a hollow’, from
OE hol + weg.

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Vernham Dean Hants. Ferneham 1210.

‘Homestead or enclosure where ferns grow’.
OE fearn + hm or hamm, with the later addition of denu ‘valley’.

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Verwood Dorset. Beuboys 1288, Fairwod 1329.

‘Beautiful wood’.
OE fæger + wudu (alternating with OFrench beu + bois in the earliest spelling).

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Veryan Cornwall . Sanctus Symphorianus 1281.

From the dedication of the church to St Symphorian.

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Vexford, Lower Somerset . Fescheforde 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘fresh-water ford’.
OE fersc + ford.

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Vigo Village Kent ,

modern name apparently commemorating the capture of the Spanish port of Vigo by the British fleet in 1719.

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Vine's Cross E. Sussex ,

a late name from cross ‘cross-roads’, to be associated with a local family called Vyne recorded from the 16th cent.

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Virginia Water Surrey ,

first recorded in 1749, originally a fanciful name for the artificial lake created here in 1748 by the Duke of Cumberland (earlier Governor of Virginia in America).

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Virginstow Devon . Virginestowe c.1180.

‘Holy place of (St Bridget) the Virgin’.
Saint's name (from the dedication of the church) + OE stw.

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Vobster Somerset . Fobbestor 1234.

‘Rocky hill of a man called Fobb’.
OE pers. name + torr.

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Vowchurch Heref. & Worcs. Fowchirche 1291.

‘Coloured church’.
OE fh + cirice.

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W

Wackerfield Durham . Wacarfeld c.1050.

Probably ‘open land where osiers grow’.
OE wcor + feld.

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Wacton Norfolk . Waketuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Waca’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wadborough Heref. & Worcs . Wadbeorgas 972, Wadberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hills where woad grows’.
OE wd + beorg.

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Waddesdon Bucks . Votesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Weott’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Waddingham Lincs . Wadingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wada’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Waddington,

‘estate associated with a man called Wada’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Waddington Lancs. Widitun (sic) 1086 (DB), Wadingtun c.1231. Waddington Lincs . Wadintune 1086 (DB).

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Waddon Gtr. London . Waddone c.1115.

‘Hill where woad grows’.
OE wd + dn.

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Wadebridge Cornwall . Wade 1358, Wadebrygge 1478.

OE wæd ‘a ford’ with the later addition of brycg from the 15th cent. when a bridge was built.

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Wadenhoe Northants. Wadenho 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of a man called Wada’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hh.

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Wadhurst E. Sussex . Wadehurst 1253.

‘Wooded hill of a man called Wada’.
OE pers. name + hyrst.

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Wadshelf Derbys . Wadescel 1086 (DB).

‘Shelf or level ground of a man called Wada’.
OE pers. name + scelf.

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Wadworth S. Yorks . Wadewrde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Wada’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Wainfleet All Saints Lincs . Wenflet 1086 (DB).

‘Creek or stream that can be crossed by a wagon’.
OE wægn + flot. Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Waitby Cumbria . Watebi c.1170.

‘Wet farmstead’.
OScand. vátr + bý.

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Wakefield W. Yorks . Wachefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land where wakes or festivals take place’.
OE wacu + feld.

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Wakering, Great & Wakering, Little Essex . Wacheringa 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Wacer’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Wakerley Northants. Wacherlei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of the watchful ones, or where osiers grow’.
OE wacor (genitive plural wacra) or wcor + feld.

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Wakes Colne Essex ,

see COLNE.

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Walberswick Suffolk . Walberdeswike 1199.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Walbert’.
OGerman pers. name + OE wc.

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Walberton W. Sussex . Walburgetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Wealdburh or Waldburg’.
OE or OGerman pers. name + tn.

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Walcot, Walcote, Walcott,

‘cottage(s) of the Britons’,
OE walh (genitive plural wala) + cot; examples include: Walcot Lincs., near Folkingham . Walecote 1086 (DB). Walcote Leics . Walecote 1086 (DB). Walcott Norfolk . Walecota 1086 (DB).

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Walden,

‘valley of the Britons’,
OE walh (genitive plural wala) + denu: Walden N. Yorks . Waldene 1270. Walden, King's & Walden, Paul's Herts . Waledene 888, Waldene 1086 (DB). Distinguishing affixes from possession by the King in 1086 and by St Paul's in London from 1544. Walden, Saffron Essex . Wealadene c.1000, Waledana 1086 (DB), Saffornewalden 1582. Affix (
ME safron) refers to the cultivation of the saffron plant here.

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Walden Stubbs N. Yorks. ,

see STUBBS.

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Walderslade Kent . Waldeslade 1190.

‘Valley in a forest’.
OE weald + slæd.

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Walderton W. Sussex . Walderton 1168.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wealdhere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Waldingfield, Great & Waldingfield, Little Suffolk . Wealdingafeld c.995, Waldingefelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the forest dwellers’.
OE weald + -inga- + feld.

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Walditch Dorset . Waldic 1086 (DB).

‘Ditch with a wall or embankment’.
OE weall or walu + dc.

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Waldridge Durham . Walrigge 1297.

Probably ‘ridge with or by a wall’.
OE wall + hrycg.

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Waldringfield Suffolk . Waldringfeld c.950, Waldringafelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the family or followers of a man called Waldhere’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld.

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Waldron E. Sussex . Waldrene 1086 (DB).

‘House in the forest’.
OE weald + ærn.

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Wales S. Yorks . Wales 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the Britons’.
OE walh (plural walas). This place-name is thus identical in origin with Wales the name of the principality.

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Walesby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Valr’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Walesby Lincs . Walesbi 1086 (DB). Walesby Notts. Walesbi 1086 (DB).

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Walford Heref. & Worcs., near Ross . Walecford 1086 (DB).

‘Briton ford’.
OE walh + ford.

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Walford Heref. & Worcs., near Wigmore . Waliforde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford near a spring’.
OE wælla + ford.

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Walford Shrops . Waleford 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Walgherton Ches. Walcretune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Walhhere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Walgrave Northants. Waldgrave 1086 (DB).

‘Grove belonging to OLD’.
OE grf.

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Walkden Gtr. Manch . Walkeden 1325.

Possibly ‘valley of a man called Walca’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Walker Tyne & Wear. Waucre 1242.

‘Marsh by the (Roman) wall’.
OE wall + OScand. kjarr.

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Walkeringham Notts. Wacheringeham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Walhhere’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Walkern Herts . Walchra (sic) 1086 (DB), Walkern 1222.

‘Building for fulling cloth’.
OE walc + ærn.

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Walkhampton Devon . Walchentone 1084, Wachetona (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of the dwellers on a stream called Wealce’.
OE river-name (meaning ‘the rolling one’) + hme + tn.

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Walkington E. R. Yorks . Walchinton 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Walca’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wall,

usually ‘(place at) the wall’ from
OE wall: Wall Northum. Wal 1166. With reference to the Roman Wall. Wall Staffs . Walla 1167. With reference to the Roman town here.
However the following has a different origin: Wall, East & Wall under Heywood Shrops . Walle 1200, Walle sub Eywode 1255. ‘(Place at) the spring or stream’ from
OE (Mercian) wælla. Affix means ‘within or near the enclosed wood’,
OE hæg or hege + wudu.

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Wallasey Mersey . Walea 1086 (DB), Waleyesegh 1351.

‘The island of Waley (Britons' island)’.
OE walh (genitive plural wala) + g with the later addition of a second explanatory g.

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Wallingford Oxon . Welingaforda c.895, Walingeford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of the family or followers of a man called Wealh’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + ford.

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Wallington Gtr. London . Waletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the Britons’.
OE walh (genitive plural wala) + tn.

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Wallington Hants . Waletune 1233.

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Wallington Herts . Wallingtone (sic) 1086 (DB), Wandelingetona 1280.

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Wændel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Wallop, Middle, Wallop, Nether & Wallop, Over Hants . Wallope 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘valley with a spring or stream’.
OE wella, wælla + hop. Alternatively the first element may be
OE weall ‘a wall’ or walu ‘a ridge, an embankment’.

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Wallsend Tyne & Wear. Wallesende c.1085.

‘End of the (Roman) wall’.
OE wall + ende.

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Walmer Kent . Walemere 1087.

‘Pool of the Britons’.
OE walh (genitive plural wala) + mere.

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Walmersley Gtr. Manch . Walmeresley 1262.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a man called Waldmr or Walhmr’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Walmley W. Mids . Warmelegh 1232.

‘Warm wood or clearing’.
OE wearm + lah.

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Walney, Isle of Cumbria . Wagneia 1127.

Probably ‘killer-whale island’, from OScand.
vgn + ey. Alternatively the first element may be
OE wagen ‘quaking sands’.

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Walpole Suffolk . Walepola 1086 (DB).

‘Pool of the Britons’.
OE walh (genitive plural wala) + pl.

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Walpole St Andrew & St Peter Norfolk . Walpola 1086 (DB).

‘Pool by the (Roman) bank’.
OE wall + pl. Affixes from the dedications of the churches.

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Walsall W. Mids . Waleshale 1163.

‘Nook of land or valley of a man called Walh’.
OE pers. name + halh. Alternatively the first element could be
OE walh ‘Welshman’.

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Walsden W. Yorks . Walseden 1235.

Probably ‘valley of a man called Walsa’.
OE pers. name + denu.

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Walsgrave on Sowe W. Mids . Sowa 1086 (DB), Woldegrove 1411.

‘Grove in or near a forest’.
OE wald + grf. Originally named from the River Sowe itself, a pre-English river-name of unknown meaning.

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Walsham,

‘homestead or village of a man called Walh’,
OE pers. name + hm: Walsham le Willows Suffolk . Wal(e)sam 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘among the willow-trees’. Walsham, North Norfolk . Northwalsham 1044–7, Walsam 1086 (DB). Walsham, South Norfolk . Suthwalsham 1044–7, Walesham 1086 (DB).

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Walsingham, Great & Walsingham, Little Norfolk . Walsingaham c.1035, 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wæls’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Walsoken Cambs . Walsocne 974, Walsoca 1086 (DB).

‘Jurisdictional district near the (Roman) bank’.
OE wall + scn.

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Walterstone Heref. & Worcs . Walterestun 1249.

‘Walter's manor or estate’.
OE tn. From its possession by Walter de Lacy in the late 11th cent.

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Waltham,

found in various counties, ‘homestead or village in a forest’,
OE w(e)ald + hm; examples include: Waltham NE. Lincs . Waltham 1086 (DB). Waltham Abbey Essex . Waltham 1086 (DB). Affix from the medieval Abbey of Holy Cross here. Waltham, Bishops Hants . Waltham 904, 1086 (DB). Affix from its early possession by the Bishop of Winchester. Waltham Cross Herts . Walthamcros 1365. ‘Cross near WALTHAM [ABBEY]’. Named from the ‘Eleanor Cross’ set up here by Edward I in memory of Queen Eleanor in 1290. Waltham, Great & Waltham, Little Essex . Waltham, Waldham 1086 (DB), parua Waltam 1197, Waltham Magna 1238. Waltham on the Wolds Leics . Waltham 1086 (DB). See WOLDS. Waltham St Lawrence & Waltham White Waltham Berks. Wealtham 940, Waltham 1086 (DB), Waltamia Sancti Laurencii 1225, Wytewaltham 1243. Distinguishing affixes from the dedication of the church and from
OE hwt ‘white’ referring to chalky soil.

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Walthamstow Gtr. London . Wilcumestowe c.1075, Wilcumestou 1086 (DB).

‘Place where guests are welcome’, or ‘holy place of a woman called Wilcume’.
OE wilcuma or pers. name + stw. The London borough of Waltham Forest takes its name (somewhat artificially in view of the etymology above) from this place.

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Walton,

a common name, often ‘farmstead or village of the Britons’, from
OE walh (genitive plural wala) + tn; examples include: Walton Derbys . Waletune 1086 (DB). Walton Suffolk . Waletuna 1086 (DB). Walton, Higher Ches . Waletona 1154–60. Walton-le-Dale Lancs. Waletune 1086 (DB), Walton in La Dale 1304. Affix means ‘in the valley’ from OScand. dalr. Walton-on-Thames Surrey . Waletona 1086 (DB). Walton on the Naze Essex . Walentonie 11th cent., Walton at the Naase 1545. Affix means ‘on the promontory’, from
OE næss. Walton upon Trent Derbys . Waletune 942, 1086 (DB).
However several Waltons have a different origin; examples include: Walton in Gordano N. Som . Waltona 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead in a forest or with a wall’.
OE w(e)ald or w(e)all + tn. For the affix, see CLAPTON. Walton on the Hill Surrey . Waltone 1086 (DB). Identical in origin with the previous name. Walton, West Norfolk . Waltuna 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead or village by the (Roman) bank’.
OE w(e)all + tn. Walton, Wood Cambs . Waltune 1086 (DB), Wodewalton 1300. Probably ‘farmstead in a forest’.
OE w(e)ald + tn, with the later addition of wudu ‘woodland’.

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Walworth,

‘enclosure of the Britons’,
OE walh (genitive plural wala) + worth: Walworth Durham . Walewrth 1207. Walworth Gtr. London . Wealawyrth 1001, Waleorde 1086 (DB).

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Wambrook Somerset . Wambrook 1280.

‘(Place at) the winding brook’.
OE wh (dative wn) + brc.

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Wanborough Surrey . Weneberge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill or mound of a man called Wenna’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Wanborough Wilts . Wænbeorgon 854, Wemberge 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the tumour-shaped mounds’.
OE wenn + beorg.

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Wandsworth Gtr. London . Wendleswurthe 11th cent., Wandelesorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Wændel’.
OE pers. name + worth. The river-name Wandle is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Wangford Suffolk, near Southwold . Wankeforda 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by the open fields’.
OE wang + ford.

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Wanlip Leics . Anlepe 1086 (DB).

‘The lonely or solitary place’.
OE nlepe.

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Wansdyke (ancient embankment, now district-name in B. & NE. Som. ). Wodnes dic 903.

‘Dyke associated with the heathen war-god Wden’.
OE god-name + dc.

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Wansford Cambs . Wylmesforda 972.

‘Ford by a spring or whirlpool’.
OE wylm, wælm + ford.

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Wansford E. R. Yorks . Wandesford 1176.

‘Ford of a man called Wand or Wandel’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Wanstead Gtr. London . Wænstede c.1055, Wenesteda 1086 (DB).

‘Place by a tumour-shaped mound or where waggons are kept’.
OE wænn or wn + stede.

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Wanstrow Somerset . Wandestreu 1086 (DB).

‘Tree of a man called Wand or Wandel’.
OE pers. name + trow.

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Wantage Oxon . Waneting c.880, Wanetinz 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the fluctuating stream’.
Derivative of OE wanian ‘to decrease’ + -ing.

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Wapley S. Glos . Wapelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing by the spring’.
OE wapol + lah.

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Wappenbury Warwicks . Wapeberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Wæppa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + burh (dative byrig).

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Wappenham Northants. Wapeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Wæppa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm or hamm.

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Wapping Gtr. London . Wapping c.1220.

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Wæppa’, or ‘Wæppa's place’.
OE pers. name + -ingas or -ing.

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Warbleton E. Sussex . Warborgetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Wrburh’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Warblington Hants . Warblitetone 1086 (DB), Werblinton 1186.

‘Farmstead or estate associated with a woman called Wrblth’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Warborough Oxon . Wardeberg 1200.

‘Watch or look-out hill’.
OE weard + beorg.

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Warboys Cambs . Weardebusc 974.

Probably ‘bush of a man called Wearda’.
OE pers. name + busc. Alternatively the first element may be
OE weard ‘watch, protection’.

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Warbstow Cornwall . ‘Chapel of Sancta Werburga’ 1282, Warberstowe 1309.

‘Holy place of St Wrburh’.
OE female saint's name + stw.

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Warburton Gtr. Manch . Wareburgetune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Wrburh’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Warcop Cumbria . Warthecopp 1199–1225.

‘Look-out hill’, or ‘hill with a cairn’.
OScand. vrthr (genitive varthar) or vartha + OE copp.

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Warden,

‘watch or look-out hill’,
OE weard + dn: Warden Kent . Wardon 1207. Warden Northum. Waredun c.1175. Warden, Chipping Northants. Waredone 1086 (DB), Chepyng Wardoun 1389. Affix is
OE cping ‘market’. Warden, Old Beds . Wardone 1086 (DB), Old Wardon 1495. Affix is
OE eald ‘old’.

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Wardington Oxon . Wardinton c.1180.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Wearda or Wrheard’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wardle,

‘watch or look-out hill’,
OE weard + hyll: Wardle Ches . Warhelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Wardle 1184. Wardle Gtr. Manch . Wardhul c.1193.

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Wardley Rutland . Werlea 1067.

Probably ‘wood or clearing near a weir’,
OE wer + lah. Alternatively the first element may be
OE weard ‘watch, protection’ if the -d- spelling (found from 1241) is original and not intrusive.

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Wardlow Derbys . Wardelawe 1258.

‘Watch or look-out hill’.
OE weard + hlw.

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Ware Herts . Waras 1086 (DB).

‘The weirs’.
OE wær.

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Wareham Dorset . Werham late 9th cent., Warham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or river-meadow by a weir’.
OE wer, wær + hm or hamm.

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Warehorne Kent . Werahorna 830, Werahorne 1086 (DB).

‘Horn-shaped piece of land by the weirs’.
OE wer + horna.

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Warenford Northum. Warneford 1256.

‘Ford over Warren Burn’.
Celtic river-name (probably ‘alder river’ with the later addition of OE burna ‘stream’) + OE ford.

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Waresley Cambs . Wederesle (sic) 1086 (DB), Wereslea 1169.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Wether or Wr’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Warfield Berks. Warwelt (sic) 1086 (DB), Warefeld 1171.

‘Open land by a weir’.
OE wer, wær + feld.

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Wargrave Berks. Weregrave 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘grove by the weirs’.
OE wer + grf.

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Warham Norfolk . Warham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village by a weir’.
OE wær + hm.

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Wark,

from
OE (ge)weorc ‘fortification’: Wark Northum. , near Bellingham. Werke 1279. Wark Northum. , near Cornhill. Werch 1158.

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Warkleigh Devon . Warocle 1100–3, Wauerkelegh 1242.

Possibly ‘spider wood or clearing’.
OE wæferce + lah.

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Warkton Northants. Wurcingtun 946, Werchintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Weorc(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Warkworth Northum. Werceworthe c.1050.

‘Enclosure of a man called Weorca’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Warlaby N. Yorks. Werlegesbi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the traitor or troth-breaker’.
OE wrloga + OScand. bý.

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Warley, Great & Warley, Little Essex . Werle c.1045, Wareleia 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing near a weir or subject to a covenant’.
OE wer or wr + lah.

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Warlingham Surrey . Warlyngham 1144.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wrla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Warmfield W. Yorks . Warnesfeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land frequented by wrens, or where stallions are kept’.
OE wærna or wrna + feld.

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Warmingham Ches . Warmincham 1259.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wrma or Wrmund’, or ‘homestead at Wrma's or Wrmund's place’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm.

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Warmington Northants. Wyrmingtun c.980, Wermintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Wyrma’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Warmington Warwicks. Warmintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Wrma or Wrmund’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Warminster Wilts. Worgemynster c.912, Guerminstre 1086 (DB).

‘Church on the River Were’.
OE river-name (meaning ‘winding’) + mynster.

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Warmsworth S. Yorks. Wermesford (sic) 1086 (DB), Wermesworth c.1105.

‘Enclosure of a man called Wrmi or Wrmund’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Warmwell Dorset. Warmewelle 1086 (DB).

‘Warm spring’.
OE wearm + wella.

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Warnborough, North & Warnborough, South Hants. Weargeburnan 973–4, Wergeborne 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stream where criminals were drowned’,
OE wearg + burna, though wearg may have an earlier sense ‘wolf’, hence perhaps ‘stream frequented by wolves’.

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Warnford Hants. Wernæford c.1053, Warneford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford frequented by wrens or one used by stallions’.
OE wærna or wrna + ford. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE man's name Wrna.

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Warnham W. Sussex . Werneham 1166.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Wrna, or where stallions are kept’.
OE pers. name or wrna + hm or hamm.

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Warrington Bucks. Wardintone c.1175.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Wearda or Wrheard’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Warrington Ches. Walintune (sic) 1086 (DB), Werington 1246.

‘Farmstead or village by the weir or river-dam’.
OE wering + tn.

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Warsash Hants. Weresasse 1272.

‘Ash-tree by the weir, or of a man called Wr’.
OE wer or pers. name + æsc.

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Warslow Staffs . Wereslei (sic) 1086 (DB), Werselow 1300.

Possibly ‘hill with a watch-tower’.
OE weard-seld + hlw.

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Warsop Notts. Wareshope 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosed valley of a man called Wr’.
OE pers. name + hop.

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Warter E. R. Yorks. Wartre 1086 (DB).

‘The gallows for criminals’.
OE wearg-trow.

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Warthill N. Yorks. Wardhilla 1086 (DB).

‘Watch or look-out hill’.
OE weard + hyll.

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Wartling E. Sussex. Werlinges (sic) 1086 (DB), Wertlingis 12th cent.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Wyrtel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Wartnaby Leics. Worcnodebie 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of a man called Wærcnth’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Warton,

‘watch or look-out farmstead’,
OE weard + tn: Warton Lancs., near Carnforth. Wartun 1086 (DB). Warton Lancs., near Kirkham . Wartun 1086 (DB). Warton Northum. Wartun 1236.

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Warton Warwicks. Wavertune c.1155.

‘Farmstead by a swaying tree or near marshy ground’.
OE wæfre + tn.

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Warwick Cumbria . Warthwic 1131.

‘Dwelling or farm on the bank’.
OE waroth + wc.

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Warwick Warwicks. Wærincwicum 1001, Warwic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwellings by the weir or river-dam’.
OE wæring + wc. Warwickshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Wasdale Head Cumbria . Wastedale 1279, Wascedaleheved 1334.

‘Valley of the water or lake’.
OScand. vatn (genitive -s) + dalr, with the later addition of OE hafod ‘head, upper end’.

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Wash, The Lincs./Norfolk . The Wasshes c.1545.

OE wæsc ‘sandbank washed by the sea’, originally used of two stretches fordable at low water.

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Washbourne Devon . Waseborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream used for washing (sheep or clothes)’.
OE wæsce + burna.

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Washbourne, Great & Washbourne, Little Glos. Uassanburnan 780, Waseborne 1086 (DB).

‘Stream with alluvial land’.
OE wæsse + burna.

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Washfield Devon . Wasfelte 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land near a place used for washing (sheep or clothes)’.
OE wæsce + feld.

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Washford Somerset . Wecetford c.960.

‘Ford on the road to WATCHET’.
OE ford.

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Washford Pyne Devon . Wasforde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford at the place for washing (sheep or clothes)’.
OE wæsce + ford. Manorial affix from the de Pinu family, here in the 13th cent.

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Washingborough Lincs. Washingeburg 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stronghold of the dwellers at the place subject to floods or used for washing’.
OE wæsc or wæsce + -inga- + burh.

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Washington Tyne & Wear. Wassyngtona 1183.

‘Estate associated with a man called Wassa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Washington W. Sussex . Wessingatun 946–55, Wasingetune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate of the family or followers of a man called Wassa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Wasing Berks. Walsince 1086 (DB).

Perhaps originally the name of the stream here, with obscure element +
OE -ing.

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Wasperton Warwicks. Waspertune 1043, Wasmertone (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘pear orchard by alluvial land’.
OE wæsse + peru + tn.

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Wass N. Yorks. Wasse 1541.

Probably ‘the fords’.
OScand. vath in a plural form.

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Watchet Somerset . Wæcet 962, Wacet 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘lower wood’ from
Celtic cd ‘wood’ with prefix.

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Watchfield Oxon. Wæclesfeld 931, Wachenesfeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Wæcel or Wæccn’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Watendlath Cumbria . Wattendlane late 12th cent.

Probably ‘lane to the end of the lake’.
OScand. vatn + endi with OE lane (replaced by OScand. hlatha ‘barn’).

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Waterbeach Cambs. Vtbech 1086 (DB), Waterbech 1237.

OE bece ‘stream, valley’ or bæc (locative bece) ‘low ridge’, with the addition of
OE t ‘outer’ and wæter ‘water’ to distinguish it from LANDBEACH.

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Waterden Norfolk . Waterdenna 1086 (DB).

‘Valley with a stream or lake’.
OE wæter + denu.

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Waterfall Staffs . Waterfal 1201.

OE wæter-gefall ‘place where a stream disappears into the ground’.

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Wateringbury Kent . Uuotryngebyri 964–95, Otringeberge 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stronghold of the family or followers of a man called hthere’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + burh (dative byrig).

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Waterloo Mersey. ,

named from the Royal Waterloo Hotel (founded in 1815 and so called after the famous battle of that year). Similar names commemorating the battle are found in other counties, for example Waterloo Gtr. London , Waterlooville Hants.

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Watermillock Cumbria . Wethermeloc early 13th cent.

‘Little bare hill where wether-sheep graze’.
Celtic ml with diminutive suffix, to which OE wether has been added.

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Waterperry Oxon. Perie 1086 (DB), Waterperi c.1190.

‘Place at the pear-tree(s)’.
OE pyrige with the later addition of
OE wæter to distinguish it from WOODPERRY.

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Water Stratford Bucks. ,

see STRATFORD.

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Watford,

‘ford used when hunting’,
OE wth + ford: Watford Herts. Watford c.945. Watford Northants. Watford 1086 (DB).

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Wath,

‘the ford’,
OScand. vath; examples include: Wath N. Yorks., near Ripon . Wat 1086 (DB). Wath upon Dearne S. Yorks. Wade 1086 (DB). For the river-name, see BOLTON UPON DEARNE.

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Watling Street (Roman road from Dover to Wroxeter ). Wæclinga stræt late 9th cent.

‘Roman road associated with the family or followers of a man called Wacol’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + strt. An early name for ST ALBANS is Wæclingaceaster c.900, ‘
Roman fort of Wacol's people’, and the road-name was no doubt applied to the stretch of road between St Albans and London before it was extended to the whole length. The name Watling Street was later transferred to several other Roman roads.

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Watlington Norfolk . Watlingetun 11th cent.

Possibly ‘farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Hwætel or Wacol’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Watlington Oxon. Wæclinctune 887, Watelintone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Wæcel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Watnall Notts. Watenot (sic) 1086 (DB), Watenho 1202.

‘Hill-spur of a man called Wata’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hh.

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Wattisfield Suffolk . Watlesfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Wacol or Hwætel’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Wattisham Suffolk . Wecesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a man called Wæcci’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Watton E. R. Yorks. Uetadun 731, Wattune 1086 (DB).

‘Wet hill, or hill of the wet places’.
OE wt (as adjective or noun) + dn.

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Watton Norfolk . Wadetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wada’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Watton at Stone Herts. Wattun 969, Wodtone 1086 (DB), Watton atte Stone 1311.

‘Farmstead where woad is grown’.
OE wd + tn. Affix ‘at the stone’ (
OE stn) from an old stone here.

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Wavendon Bucks. Wafandun 969, Wavendone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Wafa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Waveney (district) Suffolk ,

named from the River Waveney which is Wahenhe 1275, ‘the river by a quagmire’,
OE wagen + a.

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Waverton Ches. Wavretone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a swaying tree’.
OE wæfre + tn.

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Waverton Cumbria . Wauerton 1183.

‘Farmstead by the River Waver’.
OE river-name (from wæfre ‘winding’) + tn.

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Wawne E. R. Yorks. Wagene 1086 (DB).

‘Quaking bog or quagmire’.
OE wagen.

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Waxham Norfolk . Waxtonesham 1044–7, Wactanesham, Wacstenesham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of a man called Wgstn’,
OE pers. name + hm. Alternatively ‘homestead by the stone where watch was kept’,
OE wacu + stn + hm.

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Waxholme E. R. Yorks. Waxham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead where wax (from bees) is produced’.
OE weax + hm.

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Wayford Somerset . Waiford 1206.

‘Ford on a way or road’.
OE weg + ford.

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Weald,

‘the woodland or forest’,
OE weald: Weald Bassett, North Essex . Walda 1086 (DB), Welde Basset 1291. Manorial affix from the Basset family, here in the 13th cent. Weald, South Essex . Welde 1062, Welda 1086 (DB). Weald, The Kent-Hants. Waldum (a dative plural form ) 1185.

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Wealdstone Gtr. London ,

a late name, ‘boundary stone of HARROW WEALD’.

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Wear (river) Tyne & Wear ,

see MONKWEARMOUTH.

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Weare,

‘(place at) the weir or fishing enclosure’,
OE wer: Weare Somerset . Werre 1086 (DB). Weare Giffard Devon . Were 1086 (DB). Weregiffarde 1328. Manorial affix from the Giffard family, here in the 13th cent.

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Weasenham Norfolk . Wesenham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or village of a man called Weosa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hm.

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Weaverham Ches. Wivreham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village by the River Weaver’.
OE river-name (from wfer ‘winding stream’) + hm.

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Weaverthorpe N. Yorks. Wifretorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Víthfari’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Weddington Warwicks. Watitune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Hwæt’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wedmore Somerset . Wethmor late 9th cent., Wedmore 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘marsh used for hunting’.
OE wthe + mr.

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Wednesbury W. Mids. Wadnesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold associated with the heathen god Wden’.
OE god-name + burh (dative byrig).

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Wednesfield W. Mids. Wodnesfeld 996, Wodnesfelde 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of the heathen god Wden’.
OE god-name + feld.

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Weedon,

‘hill with a heathen temple’,
OE woh + dn: Weedon Bucks. Weodune 1066. Weedon Bec Northants. Weodun 944, Wedone 1086 (DB), Wedon Beke 1379. Manorial affix from its possession by the Norman Abbey of Bec-Hellouin in the 12th cent. Weedon Lois Northants. Wedone 1086 (DB), Leyes Weedon 1475. The affix is possibly from a ‘well of St Loys or Lewis’ in the parish, but it may be manorial.

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Weeford Staffs . Weforde 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford by a heathen temple’.
OE woh + ford.

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Week, Weeke,

‘the dwelling, the specialized farm or trading settlement’,
OE wc; examples include: Week St Mary Cornwall . Wich 1086 (DB), Seintemarywyk 1321. Affix from the dedication of the church. Weeke Hants. Wike 1248.

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Weekley Northants. Wiclea 956, Wiclei 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wood or clearing near an earlier Romano-British settlement’.
OE wc + lah.

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Weeley Essex . Wilgelea 11th cent., Wileia 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing where willow-trees grow’.
OE wilig + lah.

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Weeting Norfolk . Watinge c.1050, Wetinge 1086 (DB).

‘Wet or damp place’.
OE wt + -ing.

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Weeton,

‘farmstead where willow-trees grow’,
OE wthig + tn: Weeton E. R. Yorks. Wideton 1086 (DB). Weeton Lancs. Widetun 1086 (DB). Weeton N. Yorks. Widitun 1086 (DB).

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Weighton, Little E. R. Yorks. Widetone 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous names.

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Weighton, Market E. R. Yorks. Wicstun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by an earlier Romano-British settlement’.
OE wc + tn. The affix Market first occurs in the early 19th cent.

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Welborne, Welbourn, Welburn,

‘stream fed by a spring’,
OE wella + burna; examples include: Welborne Norfolk . Walebruna 1086 (DB). Welbourn Lincs. Wellebrune 1086 (DB). Welburn N. Yorks. , near Bulmer. Wellebrune 1086 (DB).

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Welbury N. Yorks. Welleberge 1086 (DB).

‘Hill with a spring’.
OE wella + beorg.

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Welby Lincs. Wellebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village by a spring or stream’.
OE wella + OScand. bý.

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Welcombe Devon . Walcome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley with a spring or stream’.
OE wella + cumb.

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Weldon, Great & Weldon, Little Northants. Weledone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill with a spring or by a stream’.
OE wella + dn.

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Welford Berks. Weligforda 949, Waliford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where willow-trees grow’.
OE welig + ford.

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Welford Northants. Wellesford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford by the spring or over the stream’.
OE wella + ford.

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Welford on Avon Warwicks. Welleford 1086 (DB), Welneford 1177.

‘Ford by the springs’.
OE wella (genitive plural -ena) + ford.

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Welham Leics. Weleham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead by the stream’,
OE wella + hm. Alternatively the first element may be an
OE pers. name Wola.

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Welham Notts. Wellun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the springs’.
OE wella in a dative plural form wellum.

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Welhamgreen Herts. Wethyngham c.1315, Whelamgrene 1467.

‘Willow-tree enclosure’.
OE wthign + hamm, with later grne ‘green’.

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Well,

‘(place at) the spring or stream’,
OE wella; examples include: Well Lincs. Welle 1086 (DB). Well N. Yorks. Welle 1086 (DB).

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Welland (river) Northants.-Lincs. Weolud 921.

A Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name of uncertain meaning.

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Wellesbourne Hastings & Wellesbourne Mountford Warwicks. Welesburnan 840, Waleborne 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘stream with a pool’.
OE wl + burna. Distinguishing affixes from possession by the de Hastanges family (from the 14th cent.) and the de Munford family (from the 12th cent.).

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Welling Gtr. London . Wellyngs 1362.

A manorial name from the Welling or Willing family, here in the early 14th cent.

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Wellingborough Northants. Wedlingeberie 1086 (DB), Wendlingburch 1178.

‘Stronghold of the family or followers of a man called Wændel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + burh.

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Wellingham Norfolk . Walnccham (sic) 1086 (DB), Uuelingheham c.1190.

‘Homestead of the dwellers by a spring or stream’.
OE wella + -inga- + hm.

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Wellingore Lincs. Wellingoure 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘promontory of the dwellers by a spring or stream’.
OE wella + -inga- + ofer.

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Wellington,

probably ‘estate associated with a man called Wola’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn: Wellington Heref. & Worcs. Weolintun early 11th cent., Walintone 1086 (DB). Wellington Shrops. Walitone 1086 (DB), Welintun c.1145. Wellington Somerset. Weolingtun 904, Walintone 1086 (DB).

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Wellow B. & NE. Som. Weleuue 1084.

Originally the name of the stream here, a
Celtic river-name possibly meaning ‘winding’.

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Wellow I. of Wight. Welig c.880, Welige 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the willow-tree’.
OE welig.

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Wellow Notts. Welhag 1207.

‘Enclosure near a spring or stream’.
OE wella + haga.

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Wellow, East & Wellow, West Hants. Welewe c.880, Weleve 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with WELLOW (B. & NE. Som.).

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Wells,

‘the springs’,
OE wella in a plural form: Wells Somerset . Willan c.1050, Welle 1086 (DB). Wells-next-the-Sea Norfolk . Guelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Wellis 1291.

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Wellsborough Leics. Wethelesberne (sic) 1185, Weulesbergh 1285.

‘Hill of the wheel’, i.e. ‘hill with a circular shape or feature’.
OE hweowol + beorg.

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Welnetham, Great & Welnetham, Little Suffolk . Hvelfiham (sic) 1086 (DB), Weluetham 1170.

Possibly ‘enclosure frequented by swans near a water-wheel or other circular feature’.
OE hwol + elfitu + hamm.

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Welney Norfolk . Wellenhe c.14th cent.

‘River called Welle’. The earlier name of
Old Croft River (from OE wella ‘stream’) + OE a.

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Welshampton Shrops. Hantone 1086 (DB), Welch Hampton 1649.

Originally ‘high farmstead or estate’, from
OE hah (dative han) + tn. The later affix ‘Welsh’ refers to its proximity to a detached portion of Flintshire.

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Welsh Bicknor Heref. & Worcs. ,

see BICKNOR.

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Welsh Frankton Shrops. ,

see FRANKTON.

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Welton,

usually ‘farmstead by a spring or stream’,
OE wella + tn; examples include: Welton E. R. Yorks. Welleton 1086 (DB). Welton le Marsh Lincs. Waletune 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘in the marshland’. Welton le Wold Lincs. Welletune 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘on the wold(s)’ with loss of preposition, see WOLDS.

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Welwick E. R. Yorks. Welwic 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm near a spring or stream’.
OE wella + wc.

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Welwyn Herts. Welingum c.945, Welge 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the willow-trees’.
OE welig in a dative plural form weligum.

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Wem Shrops. Weme 1086 (DB).

‘Dirty or muddy place’.
OE wemm.

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Wembdon Somerset . Wadmendune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill of the huntsmen’.
OE wthe-mann + dn.

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Wembley Gtr. London . Wembalea 825.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Wemba’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Wembury Devon . Wenbiria late 12th cent.

OE burh (dative byrig) ‘fortified place, stronghold’ with an uncertain first element, possibly
OE wenn, wænn ‘tumour-shaped mound’.

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Wembworthy Devon . Mameorda (sic) 1086 (DB), Wemeworth 1207.

‘Enclosure of a man called Wemba’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Wendens Ambo Essex . Wendena 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘winding valley’.
OE wende + denu. Affix is
Latin ambo ‘both’, referring to the union of the two parishes called Wenden in 1662.

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Wendlebury Oxon. Wandesberie (sic) 1086 (DB), Wendelberi c.1175.

‘Stronghold of a man called Wændla’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Wendling Norfolk . Wenlinga 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Wændel’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Wendover Bucks. Wændofran c.970, Wendoure 1086 (DB).

Originally the name of the stream here, a
Celtic river-name meaning ‘white waters’.

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Wendron Cornwall . ‘Church of Sancta Wendrona’ 1291.

Named from the patron saint of the church, a female saint of whom nothing is known.

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Wendy Cambs. Wandei 1086 (DB).

‘Island at a river-bend’.
OE wende + g.

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Wenham, Great & Wenham, Little Suffolk . Wenham 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘homestead or enclosure with pastureland’.
OE wynn + hm or hamm.

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Wenhaston Suffolk . Wenadestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wynhæth’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wenlock, Little & Wenlock, Much Shrops. Wininicas 675–90, Wenlocan, Winlocan 9th cent., Wenloch 1086 (DB).

Probably
OE loca ‘enclosed place’ (hence perhaps ‘monastery’) added to the first part of old
Celtic name Wininicas (obsure, but possibly ‘white area’ or the like referring to limestone of Wenlock Edge, from Celtic wïnn ‘white’). Affix is
OE mycel ‘great’.

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Wennington Cambs. Weningtone c.960.

‘Estate associated with a man called Wenna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wennington Gtr. London . Winintune c.1100.

‘Estate associated with a man called Wynna’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wennington Lancs. Wennigetun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Wenning’.
OE river-name (meaning ‘dark stream’) + tn.

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Wensley Derbys. Wodnesleie 1086 (DB).

‘Sacred grove of the heathen god Wden’.
OE god-name + lah.

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Wensley N. Yorks. Wendreslaga 1086 (DB), Wendesle 1203.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Wændel’.
OE pers. name + lah. Wensleydale is Wandesleydale c.1150, from
OScand. dalr ‘valley’.

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Wentbridge W. Yorks. Wentbrig 1302.

‘Bridge across the River Went’.
Pre-English river-name of uncertain origin + OE brycg.

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Wentnor Shrops. Wantenoure 1086 (DB), Wontenoure c.1200, Wentenour 1251.

‘Flat-topped ridge of a man called Wonta or Wenta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + ofer.

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Wentworth,

probably ‘enclosure of a man called Wintra’,
OE pers. name + worth: Wentworth Cambs. Winteuuorde 1086 (DB). Wentworth S. Yorks. Wintreuuorde 1086 (DB).

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Weobley Heref. & Worcs. Wibelai 1086 (DB),

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Wiobba’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Were (river) Wilts. ,

see WARMINSTER.

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Wereham Norfolk . Wigreham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead on a stream called Wigor (the winding one)’.
Celtic river-name (an old name for the River Wissey) + OE hm.

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Werrington Cambs. Witheringtun 972, Widerintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Wither’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Werrington Cornwall . Ulvredintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Wulfrd’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wervin Ches. Wivrevene 1086 (DB).

‘Cattle fen, or quaking fen’.
OE weorf or wifer + fenn.

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Wesham Lancs. Westhusum 1189.

‘(Place at) the westerly houses’.
OE west + hs in a dative plural form.

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Wessex (Anglo-Saxon kingdom centred on Winchester ).

West Seaxe late 9th cent. ‘(Territory of) the West Saxons’.
OE west + Seaxe.

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Wessington Derbys. Wistanestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wgstn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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West

as affix, see main name, e.g. for West Acre (Norfolk) see ACRE.

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Westbere Kent . Westbere 1212.

‘Westerly woodland pasture’.
OE west + br.

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Westborough Lincs. Westburg 1086 (DB).

‘Westerly stronghold’.
OE west + burh.

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Westbourne W. Sussex . Burne 1086 (DB), Westbourne 1305.

‘(Place at) the stream’.
OE burna, with the later addition of west to distinguish it from EASTBOURNE.

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Westbury,

‘westerly stronghold or fortified place’,
OE west + burh (dative byrig); examples include: Westbury Shrops. Wesberie 1086 (DB). Westbury Wilts. Westberie 1086 (DB). Westbury on Severn Glos. Wesberie 1086 (DB). Westbury on Trym Brist. Westbyrig 791–6, Hvesberie (sic) 1086 (DB). Trym is an
OE river-name (probably ‘strong one’).

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Westby Lancs. Westbi 1086 (DB).

‘Westerly farmstead or village’.
OScand. vestr + bý.

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Westcliffe on Sea Essex ,

a self-explanatory name of recent origin.

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Westcote, Westcott,

‘westerly cottage(s)’,
OE west + cot; examples include: Westcote Glos. Westcote 1315. Westcott Surrey . Westcote 1086 (DB).

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Westdean E. Sussex. Dene 1086 (DB), Westdene 1291.

‘West valley’.
OE west + denu. ‘West’ in relation to EASTDEAN.

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West End Hants. Westend 1607.

Possibly from
OE wsten ‘waste-land’.

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Westerdale N. Yorks. Westerdale c.1165.

‘More westerly valley’.
OScand. vestari + dalr.

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Westerfield Suffolk . Westrefelda 1086 (DB).

‘(More) westerly open land’.
OE wester or westerra + feld.

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Westergate W. Sussex . Westgate 1230.

‘More westerly gate or gap’.
OE westerra + geat. See EASTERGATE.

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Westerham Kent . Westarham 871–89, Oistreham (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Westerly homestead’.
OE wester + hm.

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Westerleigh S. Glos. Westerlega 1176.

‘More westerly woodland clearing’.
OE westerra + lah.

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Westfield,

‘westerly open land’,
OE west + feld: Westfield E. Sussex. Westewelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Westefelde c.1115. Westfield Norfolk . Westfelda 1086 (DB).

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Westgate on Sea Kent . Westgata 1168.

‘Westerly gate or gap’.
OE west + geat.

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Westhall Suffolk . Westhala 1139.

‘Westerly nook of land’.
OE west + halh.

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Westham E. Sussex. Westham 1222.

‘Westerly promontory’.
OE west + hamm.

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Westhampnett W. Sussex . Hentone 1086 (DB), Westhamptonette 1279.

Originally ‘high farmstead’, from
OE hah (dative han) + tn, with the later addition of west and OFrench -ette ‘little’.

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Westhead Lancs. Westhefd c.1190.

‘Westerly headland or ridge’.
OE west + hafod.

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Westhide Heref. & Worcs. Hide 1086 (DB), Westhyde 1242.

‘Westerly hide of land’.
OE west + hd.

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Westhope Shrops. Weshope 1086 (DB).

‘Westerly enclosed valley’.
OE west + hop.

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Westhorpe Suffolk . Westtorp 1086 (DB).

‘Westerly outlying farmstead or hamlet’.
OScand. vestr + thorp.

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Westhoughton Gtr. Manch. Halcton c.1210, Westhalcton c.1240.

‘Westerly farmstead in a nook of land’.
OE west + halh + tn.

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Westleigh Devon . Weslega 1086 (DB).

‘Westerly wood or clearing’.
OE west + lah.

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Westleton Suffolk . Westledestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Vestlithi’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Westley,

‘westerly wood or clearing’,
OE west + lah: Westley Suffolk . Westlea 1086 (DB). Westley Waterless Cambs. Westle c.1045, Weslai 1086 (DB), Westle Waterles 1285. Affix means ‘wet clearings’, from
OE wæter + las (the plural of lah).

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Westlinton Cumbria . Westlevington c.1200.

‘Farmstead by the River Lyne’.
Celtic river-name (possibly ‘the smooth one’) + OE tn, with west to distinguish it from KIRKLINTON.

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Westmeston E. Sussex. Westmæstun c.765, Wesmestun 1086 (DB).

‘Most westerly farmstead’.
OE westmest + tn.

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Westmill Herts. Westmele 1086 (DB).

‘Westerly mill’.
OE west + myln.

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Westminster Gtr. London . Westmynster c.975.

‘West monastery’, i.e. to the west of London.
OE west + mynster.

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Westmorland (old county ). Westmoringaland c.1150.

‘District of the people living west of the moors’ (alluding to the North Yorkshire Pennines).
OE west + mr + -inga- + land.

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Westnewton Northum. Niwetona 12th cent.

‘New farmstead’.
OE nwe + tn, with west to distinguish it from KIRKNEWTON.

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Weston,

a very common place-name, ‘west farmstead or village’, i.e. one to the west of another settlement,
OE west + tn; examples include: Weston Herts. Westone 1086 (DB). Weston Lincs. Westune 1086 (DB). Weston, Buckhorn Dorset. Westone 1086 (DB), Boukeresweston 1275. Manorial affix from some medieval owner called Bouker. Weston, Edith Rutland . Westona 1113, Weston Edith 1275. Affix probably from its possession by Queen adgth, wife of Edward the Confessor, in 1086. Weston, Hail Cambs. Heilweston 1199. Affix is the original
Celtic name (meaning ‘dirty stream’) of the River Kym. Weston Rhyn Shrops. Westone 1086 (DB), Weston Ryn 1302. Affix refers to nearby Rhyn, from Welsh rhyn ‘peak, hill’. Weston Subedge Glos. Westone 1086 (DB), Weston sub Egge 1255. Affix means ‘under the edge or escarpment’ (of the Cotswolds) from
Latin sub and OE ecg. Weston super Mare N. Som. Weston c.1230, Weston super Mare 1349. The
Latin affix means ‘on the sea’. Weston Turville Bucks. Westone 1086 (DB), Westone Turvile 1302. Manorial affix from the de Turville family, here in the 12th cent. Weston under Penyard Heref. & Worcs. Westune 1086 (DB). Affix from nearby Penyard (Hill), Peniard 1228, identical with PENNARD Somerset.

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Westoning Beds. Westone 1086 (DB), Westone Ynge 1365.

‘West farmstead’,
OE west + tn, with manorial affix from its possession by the Ing family in the 14th cent.

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Westonzoyland Somerset . Sowi 1086 (DB), Westsowi c.1245.

‘The westerly manor of the estate called Sowi’, thus distinguished from MIDDLEZOY and with the later addition of land ‘estate’.

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Westow N. Yorks. Wiuestou 12th cent.

‘Holy place of the women, or of a woman called Wfe’.
OE wf or pers. name + stw.

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Westward Cumbria . Le Westwarde 1354.

‘Western division (of a forest)’.
ME west + warde.

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Westward Ho! Devon ,

modern name commemorating the novel of this name by Charles Kingsley (published in 1855) largely set in this locality.

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Westwell,

‘westerly spring or stream’,
OE west + wella: Westwell Kent . Welle 1086 (DB), Westwell 1226. Westwell Oxon. Westwelle 1086 (DB).

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Westwick,

‘westerly dwelling or (dairy) farm’,
OE west + wc: Westwick Cambs. Westuuiche 1086 (DB). Westwick Durham . Westewic 1091. Westwick Norfolk . Westuuic 1086 (DB).

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Westwood Wilts. Westwuda 987, Westwode 1086 (DB).

‘Westerly wood’.
OE west + wudu.

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Wetheral Cumbria . Wetherhala c.1100.

‘Nook of land where wether-sheep are kept’.
OE wether + halh.

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Wetherby W. Yorks. Wedrebi 1086 (DB).

‘Wether-sheep farmstead’.
OScand. vethr + bý.

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Wetherden Suffolk . Wederdena 1086 (DB).

‘Valley where wether-sheep are kept’.
OE wether + denu.

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Wetheringsett Suffolk . Weddreringesete c.1035, Wederingaseta 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘fold of the people of WETHERDEN’. Reduced form of previous name + -inga- + set.

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Wethersfield Essex . Witheresfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Wihthere or Wether’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Wettenhall Ches. Watenhale 1086 (DB).

‘Wet nook of land’.
OE wt (dative -an) + halh.

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Wetton Staffs . Wettindun 1252.

Possibly ‘wet hill’.
OE wt (dative -an) + dn.

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Wetwang N. Yorks. Wetuuangha 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘field for the trial of a legal action’.
OScand. vtt-vangr.

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Wetwood Staffs . Wetewode 1291.

‘Wet wood’.
OE wt + wudu.

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Wexcombe Wilts. Wexcumbe 1167.

‘Valley where wax (from bees) is found’.
OE weax + cumb.

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Weybourne Norfolk . Wabrune 1086 (DB).

OE burna ‘spring, stream’ with an uncertain first element, possibly an
OE or pre-English name of the river from a root war- ‘water’, or an OE wagu ‘quagmire’, or OE wær ‘weir, river-dam’.

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Weybread Suffolk . Weibrada 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘broad stretch of land by a road’.
OE weg + brdu.

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Weybridge Surrey . Webruge 1086.

‘Bridge over the River Wey’. Ancient
pre-English river-name of unknown origin and meaning + OE brycg.

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Weyhill Hants. La Wou c.1270.

Possibly ‘the hill-spur climbed by a road’.
OE weg + hh, with the later addition of hill. Alternatively the original name may be from
OE woh ‘(heathen) temple’.

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Weymouth Dorset. Waimouthe 934.

‘Mouth of the River Wey’. Ancient
pre-English river-name of unknown origin and meaning + OE mtha.

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Whaddon,

usually ‘hill where wheat is grown’,
OE hwte + dn; examples include: Whaddon Bucks. Hwætædun 966–75, Wadone 1086 (DB). Whaddon Cambs. Wadone 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different second element: Whaddon Wilts. , near Salisbury. Watedene 1086 (DB). ‘Valley where wheat is grown’.
OE hwte + denu.

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Whale Cumbria . Vwal 1178.

OScand. hváll ‘an isolated round hill’.

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Whaley Derbys., near Bolsover . Walley 1230.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing by a spring or stream’.
OE wælla + lah.

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Whaley Bridge Derbys. Weile c.1250.

‘Woodland clearing by a road’.
OE weg + lah.

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Whalley Lancs. Hwælleage 11th cent., Wallei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing on or near a round hill’.
OE hwæl + lah.

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Whalton Northum. Walton 1203.

Possibly ‘farmstead by a round hill’.
OE hwæl + tn.

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Whaplode Lincs. Cappelad 810, Copelade 1086 (DB).

‘Watercourse or channel where eelpouts are found’.
OE cwappa + ld.

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Wharfe N. Yorks. Warf 1224.

OScand. hvarf or hverfi ‘a bend or corner’.

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Wharfe (river) W. Yorks. ,

see BURLEY IN WHARFEDALE.

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Wharles Lancs. Quarlous 1249.

Probably ‘hills or mounds near a stone circle’.
OE hwerfel + hlw.

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Wharncliffe Side S. Yorks. Querncliffe 1406, Wharnetliffe Side 1634.

‘Cliff where querns or millstones are obtained’.
OE cweorn + clif, with the later addition of sde ‘hill-side’.

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Wharram Percy & Wharram le Street N. Yorks. Warran 1086 (DB), Wharrom Percy 1291, Warrum in the Strete 1333.

Possibly ‘(place at) the kettles or cauldrons’ (perhaps used in some topographical sense).
OE hwer in a dative plural form. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by the de Percy family and from proximity to an ancient road (‘on the street’ from
OE strt).

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Wharton Ches. Wanetune (sic) 1086 (DB), Waverton 1216.

Probably ‘farmstead by a swaying tree or near marshy ground’.
OE wæfre + tn.

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Whashton N. Yorks. Whassingetun c.1160.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Hwæssa’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Whatcombe Dorset. Watecumbe 1288.

‘Wet valley’, or ‘valley where wheat is grown’.
OE wt or hwte + cumb.

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Whatcote Warwicks. Quatercote (sic) 1086 (DB), Whatcote 1206.

‘Cottage(s) near which wheat is grown’.
OE hwte + cot.

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Whatfield Suffolk . Watefelda 1086 (DB).

Probably open land where wheat is grown’.
OE hwte + feld.

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Whatley Somerset, near Chard . Watelege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where wheat is grown’.
OE hwte + lah.

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Whatlington E. Sussex. Watlingetone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Hwætel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Whatstandwell Derbys. Wattestanwell ford 1390.

Named from a certain Wat or Walter Stonewell who had a house near the ford in 1390.

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Whatton,

probably ‘farmstead where wheat is grown’,
OE hwte + tn: Whatton Notts. Watone 1086 (DB). Whatton, Long Leics. Watton 1190. Affix (recorded from the 14th cent.) refers to the length of the village.

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Wheatacre Norfolk . Hwateaker 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land used for wheat’.
OE hwte + æcer.

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Wheathampstead Herts. Wathemestede c.960, Watamestede 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead where wheat is grown’.
OE hwte + hm-stede.

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Wheatley,

‘clearing where wheat is grown’,
OE hwte + lah; examples include: Wheatley Oxon. Hwatelega 1163. Wheatley Lane Lancs. Watelei 1086 (DB). Wheatley, North & Wheatley, South Notts. Wateleie 1086 (DB).

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Wheaton Aston Staffs. ,

see ASTON.

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Wheddon Cross Somerset . Wheteden 1243.

‘Valley where wheat is grown’.
OE hwte + denu.

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Wheelock Ches. Hoiloch 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Wheelock, a
Celtic river-name meaning ‘winding’.

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Wheelton Lancs. Weltona c.1160.

‘Farmstead with a water-wheel or near some other circular feature’.
OE hwol + tn.

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Whenby N. Yorks. Quennebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of the women’.
OScand. kona (genitive plural kvenna) + bý.

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Whepstead Suffolk . Wepstede 942–51, Huepestede 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘place where brushwood grows’.
OE hwip(p)e + stede.

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Wherstead Suffolk . Weruesteda 1086 (DB).

‘Place by a wharf or shore’.
OE hwearf + stede.

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Wherwell Hants. Hwerwyl 955.

Probably ‘spring provided with a kettle or cauldron’.
OE hwer + wella.

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Wheston, Whetstone,

from
OE hwet-stn ‘a whetstone’, probably referring to places where stone suitable for whetstones was found: Wheston Derbys. Whetstan 1251. Whetstone Gtr. London . Wheston 1417. Whetstone Leics. Westham (sic) 1086 (DB), Whetestan 12th cent.

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Whicham Cumbria . Witingham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hwta’, or ‘homestead at Hwta's place’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm.

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Whichford Warwicks. Wicford 1086 (DB), Wicheforda c.1130.

Probably ‘ford of the tribe called the Hwicce’.
OE tribal name + ford.

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Whickham Tyne & Wear. Quicham 1196.

‘Homestead or enclosure with a quickset hedge’.
OE cwic + hm or hamm.

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Whilton Northants. Woltone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead with a water-wheel, or on a round hill’.
OE hwol + tn.

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Whimple Devon . Winple 1086 (DB).

Originally the name of the stream here, a
Celtic name meaning ‘white pool or stream’.

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Whinburgh Norfolk . Wineberga 1086 (DB).

‘Hill where gorse grows’.
OScand. hvin + OE beorg.

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Whippingham I. of Wight. Wippingeham 735, Wipingeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wippa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Whipsnade Beds. Wibsnede 1202.

‘Detached plot of a man called Wibba’.
OE pers. name + snd.

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Whissendine Rutland . Wichingedene 1086 (DB), Wissenden 1203.

Possibly ‘valley of the family or followers of a man called Hwicce or Wic’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + denu. Alternatively ‘valley of the tribe called the Hwicce’,
OE tribal name (genitive plural -na) + denu.

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Whissonsett Norfolk . Witcingkeseta 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘fold of the family or followers of a man called Wic’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + set.

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Whistley Green Berks. Wisclea 968, Wiselei 1086 (DB).

‘Marshy-meadow clearing’.
OE wisc + lah.

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Whiston Mersey . Quistan 1190.

‘The white stone’.
OE hwt + stn.

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Whiston Northants. Hwiccingtune 974, Wicentone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the tribe called the Hwicce’.
OE tribal name (genitive plural -na) + tn.

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Whiston S. Yorks. Witestan 1086 (DB).

‘The white stone’.
OE hwt + stn.

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Whiston Staffs . Witestun c.1002, Witestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Witi’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Whitacre, Nether & Whitacre, Over Warwicks. Witacre 1086 (DB).

‘White cultivated land’.
OE hwt + æcer.

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Whitbeck Cumbria . Witebec c.1160.

‘White stream’.
OScand. hvítr + bekkr.

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Whitburn Tyne & Wear. Hwiteberne c.1190.

‘Tumulus or barn of a man called Hwta’.
OE pers. name + byrgen or bere-ærn.

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Whitby Ches. Witeberia c.1100.

‘White stronghold or manor-house’.
OE hwt + burh (dative byrig).

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Whitby N. Yorks. Witeby 1086 (DB).

‘White farmstead or village, or of a man called Hvíti’.
OScand. hvítr or pers. name + bý.

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Whitchurch,

‘white church’, i.e. probably ‘stone-built church’,
OE hwt + cirice; examples include: Whitchurch B. & NE Som. Hwitecirce 1065. Whitchurch Hants. Hwitancyrice 909. Whitchurch Shrops. Album Monasterium 1199 (here the name is rendered in Latin), Whytchyrche 13th cent. Called Westune ‘west farmstead’ in 1086 (DB). Whitchurch Canonicorum Dorset. Witcerce 1086 (DB), Whitchurch Canonicorum 1262.
Latin affix means ‘of the canons’, referring to early possession by the canons of Salisbury. The dedication of the church here to St Candida (St Wite) may be derived from the place-name rather than vice versa.

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White

as affix, see main name, e.g. for White Notley (Essex ) see NOTLEY.

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Whitechapel Gtr. London . Whitechapele 1340.

‘The white chapel’, i.e. probably ‘stone-built chapel’.
OE hwt + ME chapele.

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White City Gtr. London ,

so called from the white colour of the stadium and exhibition centre built c.1908.

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Whitefield Gtr. Manch. Whitefeld 1292.

‘White open land’.
OE hwt + feld.

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Whitegate Ches. Whytegate 1540.

‘The white gate’.
OE hwt + geat, referring to the outer gate of Vale Royal Abbey.

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Whitehaven Cumbria . Qwithofhavene c.1135.

‘Harbour near the white headland’.
OScand. hvítr + hfuth + hafn.

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White Ladies Aston Heref. & Worcs. ,

see ASTON.

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Whiteley Village Surrey .

Named after William Whiteley (of Whiteley's Stores in London) who had this model village with almshouses built in the early 1900s.

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Whiteparish Wilts. La Whytechyrch 1278, Whyteparosshe 1289.

Originally ‘the white church’, later replaced by ‘parish’.
OE hwt + cirice and ME paroche.

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Whitestaunton Somerset . Stantune 1086 (DB), Whitestaunton 1337.

‘Farmstead on stony ground’,
OE stn + tn, with later affix referring to the limestone quarries here.

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Whitestone Devon . Hwitastane c.1100, Witestan 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the white stone’.
OE hwt + stn.

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Whitfield,

‘white open land,
OE hwt + feld: Whitfield Kent . Whytefeld 1228. Whitfield Northants. Witefelle 1086 (DB). Whitfield Northum. Witefeld 1254.

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Whitford Devon . Witefort 1086 (DB).

‘White ford’.
OE hwt + ford.

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Whitgift E. R. Yorks. Witegift c.1070.

Probably ‘dowry land of a man called Hvítr’.
OScand. pers. name + gipt.

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Whitgreave Staffs . Witegraue 1193.

‘White grove or copse’.
OE hwt + grfe.

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Whitley,

‘white wood or clearing’,
OE hwt + lah; examples include: Whitley Berks., near Reading . Witelei 1086 (DB). Whitley Bay Tyne & Wear. Wyteleya 12th cent. Whitley, Higher & Whitley, Lower Ches. Witelei 1086 (DB).

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Whitmore Staffs . Witemore 1086 (DB).

‘White moor or marsh’.
OE hwt + mr.

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Whitnash Warwicks. Witenas 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the white ash-tree’.
OE hwt (dative -an) + æsc.

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Whitney Heref. & Worcs. Witenie 1086 (DB).

‘White island’.
OE hwt (dative -an) + g. Alternatively the first element may be the
OE pers. name Hwta (genitive -n).

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Whitsbury Hants. Wiccheberia c.1130.

‘Fortified place where wych-elms grow’.
OE wice + burh (dative byrig).

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Whitstable Kent . Witestaple, Witenestaple 1086 (DB).

‘White post’, or ‘post of the councillors’.
OE hwt (dative -an) or wita (genitive plural -ena) + stapol.

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Whitstone Cornwall . Witestan 1086 (DB).

‘White stone’.
OE hwt + stn.

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Whittingham Northum. Hwitincham c.1050.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Hwta’, or ‘homestead at Hwta's place’.
OE pers. name + -inga- or -ing + hm.

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Whittingslow Shrops. Witecheslawe 1086 (DB).

‘Tumulus of a man called Hwittuc’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Whittington,

‘estate associated with a man called Hwta’,
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn; examples include: Whittington Shrops. Wititone 1086 (DB). Whittington Staffs . Hwituntune 925. Whittington, Great Northum. Witynton 1233.

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Whittlebury Northants . Witlanbyrig c.930.

‘Stronghold of a man called Witla’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Whittle-le-Woods Lancs. Witul c.1160.

‘White hill’.
OE hwt + hyll. Later affix means ‘in the woodland’.

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Whittlesey Cambs. Witlesig c.972, Witesie 1086 (DB).

‘Island of a man called Wittel’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Whittlesford Cambs. Witelesforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Wittel’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Whitton,

usually ‘white farmstead’ or ‘farmstead of a man called Hwta’,
OE hwt or pers. name + tn, for example: Whitton Stock. on T. Wittune 1208–10. Whitton Suffolk . Widituna (sic) 1086 (DB), Witton 1212.
However the following has a different origin: Whitton N. Lincs. Witenai 1086 (DB). ‘White island’.
OE hwt (dative -an) + g.

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Whittonstall Northum. Quictunstal 1242.

‘Farmstead with a quickset hedge’.
OE cwic + tn-stall.

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Whitwell,

‘white spring or stream’,
OE hwt + wella; examples include: Whitwell Derbys. Hwitewylle c.1002, Witewelle 1086 (DB). Whitwell I. of Wight. Quitewell 1212.

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Whitwick Leics. Witewic 1086 (DB).

‘White dwelling or (dairy) farm’, or ‘farm of a man called Hwta’.
OE hwt or pers. name + wc.

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Whitwood W. Yorks. Witewde 1086 (DB).

‘White wood’ (referring to colour of tree-bark or blossom).
OE hwt + wudu.

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Whitworth Lancs. Whiteworth 13th cent.

‘White enclosure’.
OE hwt + worth.

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Whixall Shrops. Witehala (sic) 1086 (DB), Whitekeshal 1241.

‘Nook of land of a man called Hwittuc’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Whixley N. Yorks. Cucheslage 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Cwic’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Whorlton Durham . Queorningtun c.1050.

Probably ‘farmstead at the mill-stone place or the mill stream’.
OE cweorn + -ing + tn.

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Whorlton N. Yorks. Wirveltune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near the round-topped hill’.
OE hwerfel + tn.

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Whyteleafe Surrey , named from White Leaf Field 1839,

so called from the aspens that grew there.

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Wibtoft Leics. Wibbetofte 1002, Wibetot 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Wibba or Vibbi’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + toft.

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Wichenford Heref. & Worcs. Wiceneford 11th cent.

‘Ford by the wych-elms’.
OE wice (genitive plural -ena) + ford.

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Wichling Kent . Winchelesmere 1086 (DB), Winchelinge 1220–4.

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Wincel’,
OE pers. name + -ingas. The alternative name used in the 11th and 12th centuries means ‘Wincel's pool or boundary’, second element
OE mere or mre.

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Wick,

‘the dwelling, the specialized farm or trading settlement’,
OE wc; examples include: Wick Heref. & Worcs. , near Pershore. Wiche 1086 (DB). Wick S. Glos, near Kingswood . Wike 1189. Wick St Lawrence N. Som. Wike 1225. Affix from the dedication of the church.

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Wicken,

‘the dwellings, the specialized farm or trading settlement’,
OE wc in the dative plural form wcum or a ME plural form wiken: Wicken Cambs. Wicha 1086 (DB), Wiken c.1200. Wicken Northants. Wiche 1086 (DB), Wicne 1235. Wicken Bonhunt Essex . Wica 1086 (DB), Wykes Bonhunte 1238. Originally two separate names, Bonhunt (Banhunta 1086 (DB)) possibly being ‘place where people were summoned for hunting’,
OE bann + hunte.

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Wickenby Lincs. Wichingebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Víkingr, or of the vikings’.
OScand. pers. name or víkingr + bý.

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Wickersley S. Yorks. Wicresleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Víkarr’.
OScand. pers. name + OE lah.

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Wickford Essex . Wicforda c.975, Wicfort 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘ford by an earlier Romano-British settlement’.
OE wc + ford.

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Wickham,

usually ‘homestead associated with a vicus, i.e. an earlier Romano-British settlement’,
OE wchm; examples include: Wickham Berks. Wicham 1167. Wickham Hants. Wicham 925–41, Wicheham 1086 (DB). Wickham Bishops Essex . Wicham 1086 (DB), Wykham Bishops 1313. Affix from its possession by the Bishop of London. Wickham Market Suffolk. Wikham 1086 (DB). Affix from the important medieval market here. Wickham Skeith Suffolk. Wichamm 1086 (DB), Wicham Skeyth 1368. Affix is
OScand. skeith ‘a race-course’. Wickham, West Gtr. London . Wichamm 973, Wicheham 1086 (DB). It is possible that in this name the second element is rather
OE hamm in the sense ‘promontory’.

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Wickhambreaux Kent . Wicham 948, Wicheham 1086 (DB), Wykham Breuhuse 1270.

Identical in origin with the previous names. Manorial affix from the de Brayhuse family, here in the 13th cent.

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Wickhambrook Suffolk. Wicham 1086 (DB), Wichambrok 1254.

Identical in origin with the previous names, but with the later addition of
OE brc ‘brook’.

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Wickhamford Heref. & Worcs. Wicwona 709, Wiquene 1086 (DB), Wikewaneford 1221.

‘Ford at the place called Wicwon’.
OE ford, see CHILDSWICKHAM.

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Wickhampton Norfolk. Wichamtuna 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead with or near a dairy farm’.
OE wc + hm-tn.

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Wicklewood Norfolk. Wikelewuda 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘wood by the dairy-farm clearing’.
OE wc + lah + wudu.

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Wickmere Norfolk. Wicmera 1086 (DB).

‘Pool by a dwelling or (dairy) farm’.
OE wc + mere.

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Wickwar S. Glos. Wichen 1086 (DB), Wykewarre 13th cent.

Originally ‘the dwellings or specialized farm’, from
OE wc in a plural form. Later manorial affix from the family of la Warre, here from the early 13th cent.

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Widcombe, North & Widcombe, South B. & NE. Som. Widecomb 1303.

‘Wide valley’, or ‘willow-tree valley’.
OE wd or wthig + cumb.

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Widdington Essex. Widintuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village where willow-trees grow’.
OE wthign + tn.

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Widdrington Northum. Vuderintuna c.1160.

‘Estate associated with a man called Widuhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Widecombe in the Moor Devon. Widecumba 12th cent.

Probably ‘valley where willow-trees grow’.
OE wthig + cumb. Affix refers to its situation on DARTMOOR.

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Widford,

‘ford where willow-trees grow’,
OE wthig + ford: Widford Essex. Witford 1202. Widford Herts. Wideford 1086 (DB).

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Widmerpool Notts . Wimarspol 1086 (DB).

‘Wide lake (or willow-tree lake) pool’.
OE wd or wthig + mere + pl.

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Widnes Ches. Wydnes c.1200.

‘Wide promontory’.
OE wd + næss.

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Wield Hants . Walde 1086 (DB), Welde 1256.

‘The woodland or forest’.
OE weald.

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Wigan Gtr. Manch. Wigan 1199.

Probably a shortened form of a Welsh name Tref Wigan ‘homestead of a man called Wigan’.

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Wigborough, Great Essex . Wicgheberga 1086 (DB).

‘Hill of a man called Wicga’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Wiggenhall Norfolk . Wigrehala 1086 (DB), Wiggenhal 1196.

‘Nook of land of a man called Wicga’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Wigginton,

‘farmstead of, or associated with, a man called Wicga’,
OE pers. name (genitive -n or + -ing-) + tn: Wigginton Herts . Wigentone 1086 (DB). Wigginton Oxon . Wigentone 1086 (DB). Wigginton Staffs . Wigetone 1086 (DB). Wigginton York. Wichintun 1086 (DB).

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Wigglesworth N. Yorks. Winchelesuuorde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Wincel’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Wiggonby Cumbria . Wygayneby 1278.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wigan’.
Celtic pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Wighill N. Yorks. Duas Wicheles 1086 (DB), Wikale 1219.

‘Nook of land with a dairy-farm or by an earlier Romano-British settlement’.
OE wc + halh (in the plural form in 1086, with
Latin duas ‘two’).

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Wight, Isle of (the county ). Vectis c.150, Wit 1086 (DB).

A
Celtic name possibly meaning ‘place of the division’, referring to its situation between the two arms of the Solent.

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Wighton Norfolk . Wistune 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling place, farmstead with a dwelling’.
OE wc-tn.

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Wigmore Heref. & Worcs. Wigemore 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘quaking marsh’.
OE wicga + mr.

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Wigmore Kent . Wydemere 1275.

‘Broad pool’.
OE wd + mere.

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Wigsley Notts . Wigesleie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Wicg’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Wigsthorpe Northants. Wykingethorp 1232.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Víkingr’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Wigston Magna Leics . Wichingestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or estate of a man called Wcing or Vikingr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE tn. Affix is
Latin magna ‘great’ to distinguish this place from Wigston Parva (Wicestan 1086 (DB)) which has a quite different origin, either ‘rocking-stone’ from
OE wigga + stn, or ‘stone of a man called Wicg’ from OE pers. name + stn.

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Wigtoft Lincs . Wiketoft 1187.

Probably ‘homestead by a (former) creek’.
OScand. vík + toft.

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Wigton Cumbria . Wiggeton 1163.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wicga’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wigwig Shrops . Wigewic 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘dairy farm of a man called Wicga’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Wike,

‘the dwelling, the specialized farm’,
OE wc; for example Wike W. Yorks. , near Harewood. Wich 1086 (DB).

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Wilbarston Northants. Wilbertestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wilbeorht’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wilberfoss E. R. Yorks. Wilburcfosa 1148.

‘Ditch of a woman called Wilburh’.
OE pers. name + foss.

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Wilbraham, Great & Wilbraham, Little Cambs. Wilburgeham c.975, Wiborgham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village of a woman called Wilburh’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Wilburton Cambs . Wilburhtun 970, Wilbertone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Wilburh’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wilby Norfolk . Willebeih 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the willow-trees’, or possibly ‘circle of willow-trees’.
OE wilig + OScand. bý or OE bag.

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Wilby Northants. Willabyg c.1067, Wilebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Willa or Villi’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Wilby Suffolk . Wilebey 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘circle of willow-trees’.
OE wilig + bag.

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Wilcot Wilts. Wilcotum 940, Wilcote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottages by the stream or spring’.
OE wiella + cot (dative plural -um).

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Wildboarclough Ches . Wildeborclogh 1357.

‘Deep valley frequented by wild boar’.
OE wilde-br + clh.

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Wilden Beds . Wildene 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘willow-tree valley’.
OE wilig + denu.

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Wilden Heref. & Worcs. Wineladuna (sic) 1182, Wiveldon 1299.

Probably ‘hill of a man called Wifela’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Wildsworth Lincs. Winelesworth (sic) 1199, Wyveleswurth 1280.

Probably ‘enclosure of a man called Wifel’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Wilford Notts . Wilesford 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘willow-tree ford’.
OE wilig + ford.

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Wilkesley Ches. Wiuelesde (sic) 1086 (DB), Wivelescle 1230.

‘Tongue of land of a man called Wifel’.
OE pers. name + cla.

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Willand Devon . Willelanda 1086 (DB).

‘Waste land’, or ‘cultivated land reverted to waste’.
OE wilde + land.

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Willaston,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Wglf’.
OE pers. name + tn: Willaston Ches., near Hooton . Wilaveston 1086 (DB). Willaston Ches., near Nantwich . Wilavestune 1086 (DB).

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Willen Bucks . Wily 1189.

‘(Place at) the willow-trees’.
OE wilig in a dative plural form.

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Willenhall W. Mids., near Coventry . Wilenhala 12th cent.

‘Nook or small valley where willow-trees grow’.
OE wiligen + halh.

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Willenhall W. Mids., near Wolverhampton . Willanhalch 732, Winenhale (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Nook or small valley of a man called Willa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Willerby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Wilheard’,
OE pers. name + OScand. bý: Willerby E. R. Yorks. Wilgardi (sic) 1086 (DB), Willardebi 1196. Willerby N. Yorks. Willerdebi 1125–30.

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Willersey Glos . Willerseye 709, Willersei 1086 (DB).

‘Island of a man called Wilhere or Wilheard’.
OE pers. name + g.

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Willersley Heref. & Worcs. Willaveslege 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Wglf’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Willesborough Kent . Wifelesberg 863.

‘Hill or mound of a man called Wifel’.
OE pers. name + beorg.

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Willesden Gtr. London . Willesdone 939, Wellesdone 1086 (DB).

‘Hill with a spring’.
OE wiell + dn.

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Willett Somerset . Willet 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Willett, an old river-name of uncertain origin and meaning.

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Willey,

usually ‘willow-tree wood or clearing’,
OE wilig + lah; examples include: Willey Shrops. Wilit (sic) 1086 (DB), Wilileg 1199. Willey Warwicks. Welei 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Willey Surrey . Weoleage 909. ‘Sacred grove with a heathen temple’.
OE woh + lah.

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Williamscot Oxon . Williamescote 1166.

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Willelm or William’.
OGerman pers. name + OE cot.

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Willingale Doe & Willingale Spain Essex . Willinghehala 1086 (DB), Willingeshale Doe 1270, Wylinghehale Spayne 1269.

‘Nook of land of the family or followers of a man called Willa’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + halh. Manorial affixes from the de Ou family, here in the 12th cent., and from the de Ispania family, here from 1086.

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Willingdon E. Sussex. Willendone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘hill of a man called Willa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Willingham,

sometimes ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wifel’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm: Willingham Cambs., near Cambridge . Vuivlingeham c.1050, Wivelingham 1086 (DB). Willingham Lincs. Wilingeham 1086 (DB). Willingham, North Lincs. Wiuilingeham 1086 (DB).
However the following are ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Willa’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm: Willingham, Cherry Lincs. Wilingeham 1086 (DB), Chyry Wylynham 1386. Affix is
ME chiri ‘cherry-tree’. Willingham, South Lincs. Ulingeham 1086 (DB).

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Willington Beds. Welitone 1086 (DB).

‘Willow-tree farmstead’.
OE wilign + tn.

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Willington Derbys. Willetune 1086 (DB).

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Willington Durham . Wyvelintun c.1190.

‘Estate associated with a man called Wifel’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Willington Tyne & Wear. Wiflintun c.1085.

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Willington Warwicks. Ullavintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Wulflf’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Willington Corner Ches. Winfletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Wynfld’.
OE pers. name + tn. Affix, first used in the 19th cent., refers to a corner of Delamere Forest.

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Willisham Tye Suffolk . Willauesham c.1040.

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Wglf’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm. Tye is dialect tye
(from OE tag) ‘a large common pasture’, as in other Suffolk names.

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Willitoft E. R. Yorks. Wilgetot 1086 (DB).

‘Willow-tree homestead’.
OE wilig + OScand. toft.

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Williton Somerset . Willettun 904, Willetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village on the River Willett’.
Old river-name (see WILLETT) + OE tn.

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Willoughby,

usually ‘farmstead by the willow-trees’,
OE wilig + OScand. bý, although some may be ‘circle of willow-trees’,
OE wilig + bag; examples include: Willoughby Lincs., near Alford . Wilgebi 1086 (DB). Willoughby Warwicks . Wiliabyg 956, Wilebei 1086 (DB). Willoughby, Silk Lincs. Wilgebi 1086 (DB). Affix is a reduced form of a nearby place Silkebi 1212, ‘farmstead of a man called Silki, or near a gully’,
OScand. pers. name or OE soluc + OScand. bý.

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Willoughton Lincs. Wilchetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village where willow-trees grow’.
OE wilig + tn.

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Wilmcote Warwicks. Wilmundigcotan 1016, Wilmecote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) associated with a man called Wilmund’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cot.

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Wilmington Devon . Wilelmitone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Wilhelm’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wilmington E. Sussex. Wilminte (sic) 1086 (DB), Wilminton 1189.

‘Estate associated with a man called Wghelm or Wilhelm’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wilmington Kent, near Dartford . Wilmintuna 1089.

‘Estate associated with a man called Wghelm’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wilmslow Ches. Wilmesloe c.1250.

‘Mound of a man called Wghelm’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Wilnecote Staffs. Wilmundecote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage(s) of a man called Wilmund’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Wilpshire Lancs. Wlypschyre 1246.

OE scr ‘district, estate’ with obscure first element, possibly a pers. name or surname formed from
OE wlips, wlisp ‘lisping’.

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Wilsford,

‘ford of a man called Wifel’,
OE pers. name + ford: Wilsford Lincs. Wivelesforde 1086 (DB). Wilsford Wilts., near Pewsey . Wifelesford 892, Wivlesford 1086 (DB). Wilsford Wilts., near Salisbury . Wiflesford 1086 (DB).

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Wilsill N. Yorks. Wifeleshealh c.1030, Wifleshale 1086 (DB).

‘Small valley of a man called Wifel or Vífill’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + OE halh.

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Wilson Leics. Wiuelestunia 12th cent.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wifel’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wilstone Herts. Wivelestorn 1220.

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Wifel’.
OE pers. name + thorn.

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Wilton,

usually ‘farmstead or village where willow-trees grow’,
OE wilig + tn; examples include: Wilton Norfolk . Wiltuna 1086 (DB). Wilton Red. & Cleve. Wiltune 1086 (DB). Wilton, Bishop E. R. Yorks. Wiltone 1086 (DB). Affix from its early possession by the Archbishops of York.
However the following have a different origin: Wilton Wilts. , near Burbage. Wulton 1227. Probably ‘farmstead near a spring or stream’.
OE wiella + tn. Wilton Wilts., near Salisbury . Uuiltun 838, Wiltune 1086 (DB). ‘Farmstead or village on the River Wylye’.
Pre-English river-name (see WYLYE) + OE tn.

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Wiltshire (the county ). Wiltunscir 870, Wiltescire 1086 (DB).

‘Shire centred on WILTON (near Salisbury)’.
OE scr.

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Wimbish Essex . Winebisc, Wimbisc c.1040, Wimbeis 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘bushy copse of a man called Wine’.
OE pers. name + (ge)bysce.

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Wimbledon Gtr. London . Wunemannedune c.950.

Probably ‘hill of a man called Wynnmann’.
OE pers. name + dn.

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Wimblington Cambs. Wimblingetune c.975.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Wynnbald’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wimborne Minster Dorset. Winburnan late 9th cent., Winburne 1086 (DB), Wymburneminstre 1236.

Originally the name of the river here (now called Allen), ‘meadow stream’ from
OE winn + burna. Affix is
OE mynster ‘monastery (church)’.

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Wimborne St Giles Dorset. Winburne 1086 (DB), Vpwymburn Sancti Egidij 1268, Upwymbourne St Giles 1399.

Like WIMBORNE MINSTER, named from the river here. The early affix is
OE upp ‘higher up (the river)’. St Giles (
Latin Egidius) is from the dedication of the church.

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Wimbotsham Norfolk . Winebotesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Winebald’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Wimpole Cambs. Winepole 1086 (DB).

‘Pool of a man called Wina’.
OE pers. name + pl.

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Wimpstone Warwicks. Wylmestone 1313.

‘Farmstead of a man called Wilhelm or Wghelm’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wincanton Somerset . Wincaletone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on (an arm of) the River Cale’.
Celtic river-name (of uncertain origin, but prefixed by wïnn ‘white’) + OE tn.

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Winch, East & Winch, West Norfolk . Estwinic, Wesuuinic 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead with meadowland’.
OE winn + wc.

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Wincham Ches. Wimundisham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Wgmund’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Winchcombe Glos. Wincelcumbe c.810, 1086 (DB).

‘Valley with a bend in it’.
OE wincel + cumb.

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Winchelsea E. Sussex. Winceleseia 1130.

‘Island by a river-bend’.
OE wincel + g.

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Winchendon Bucks. Wincandone 1004, Wichendone 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘hill at a bend’.
OE wince (genitive -an) + dn.

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Winchester Hants. Ouenta c.150, Uintancæstir c.730, Wincestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town called Venta’.
Pre-Celtic name (possibly ‘favoured or chief place’) + OE ceaster.

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Winchfield Hants. Winchelefeld 1229.

‘Open land by a nook or corner’.
OE wincel + feld.

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Winchmore Hill Gtr. London . Wynsemerhull 1319.

Probably ‘boundary hill of a man called Wynsige’.
OE pers. name + mre + hyll.

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Wincle Ches. Winchul c.1190.

‘Hill of a man called Wineca or by a bend’.
OE pers. name or wince + hyll.

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Windermere Cumbria . Winandermere 12th cent.

‘Lake of a man called Vinandr’.
OScand. pers. name (genitive -ar) + OE mere.

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Winderton Warwicks. Winterton 1166.

‘Farmstead used in winter’.
OE winter + tn.

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Windlesham Surrey . Windesham 1178, Windlesham 1227.

Probably ‘homestead of a man called Windel’.
OE pers. name + hm. Alternatively the first element may be
OE windels ‘a windlass’.

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Windley Derbys. Winleg 12th cent.

‘Meadow clearing’.
OE winn + lah.

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Windrush Glos. Wenric 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Windrush, a
Celtic river-name possibly meaning ‘white fen’.

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Windsor Berks. Windlesoran c.1060, Windesores 1086 (DB).

‘Bank or slope with a windlass’.
OE windels + ra.

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Winestead E. R. Yorks. Wifestede 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the women, or of a woman called Wfe’.
OE wf or pers. name + stede.

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Winfarthing Norfolk . Wineferthinc 1086 (DB).

‘Quarter of an estate belonging to a man called Wina’.
OE pers. name + feorthung.

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Winford N. Som. Wunfrod c.1000, Wenfrod 1086 (DB).

A Celtic river-name meaning ‘white or bright stream’,
Celtic wïnn + frud.

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Winforton Heref. & Worcs. Widferdestune (sic) 1086 (DB), Wynfreton 1265.

Probably ‘farmstead or estate of a man called Winefrith’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Winfrith Newburgh Dorset. Winfrode 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with WINFORD. Manorial affix from the Newburgh family, here from the 12th cent.

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Wing Bucks. Weowungum (sic) 966–75, Witehunge 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Wiwa’,
OE pers. name + -ingas. Alternatively ‘(settlement of) the dwellers at, or devotees of, a heathen temple’,
OE wg, woh + -ingas.

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Wing Rutland . Wenge 12th cent.

‘The field’.
OScand. vengi.

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Wingate(s),

‘wind-swept gap(s) or pass(es)’,
OE wind-geat: examples include: Wingate Durham . Windegatum 1071–80. Wingates Northum. Wyndegates 1208.

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Wingerworth Derbys. Wingreurde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Winegr’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Wingfield Beds. Winfeld c.1200.

‘Open land used for pasture, or by a nook’.
OE winn or wince + feld.

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Wingfield Suffolk . Wingefeld c.1035, Wighefelda 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land of the family or followers of a man called Wga’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + feld. Alternatively the first element may be
OE wg ‘heathen temple’.

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Wingfield, North & Wingfield, South Derbys. Wynnefeld 1002, Winnefelt, Winefeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land used for pasture’.
OE winn + feld.

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Wingham Kent . Uuigincggaham 834, Wingheham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wga’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm. Alternatively the first element may be
OE wg ‘heathen temple’.

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Wingrave Bucks. Withungrave (sic) 1086 (DB), Wiungraua 1163.

Possibly ‘grove of the family or followers of a man called Wiwa’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + grf. Alternatively ‘grove of the dwellers at, or devotees of, a heathen temple’,
OE wg, woh + -inga- + grf.

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Winkburn Notts. Wicheburne (sic) 1086 (DB), Winkeburna c.1150.

‘Stream of a man called Wineca, or with bends in it’.
OE pers. name or wincel (with Scand. -k-) + burna.

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Winkfield Berks. Winecanfeld 942, Wenesfelle (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Open land of a man called Wineca’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Winkleigh Devon . Wincheleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Wineca’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Winksley N. Yorks. Wincheslaie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Winuc’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Winmarleigh Lancs. Wynemerislega 1212.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Winemr’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Winnersh Berks. Wenesse 1190.

‘Ploughed field by meadow’.
OE winn + ersc.

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Winscales Cumbria . Wyndscales 1227.

‘Temporary huts or sheds in a windy place’.
OE wind + OScand. skáli.

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Winscombe N. Som. Winescumbe c.965, Winescome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Wine’.
OE pers. name + cumb.

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Winsford,

‘ford of a man called Wine’,
OE pers. name + ford: Winsford Ches. Wyneford c.1334. Winsford Somerset . Winesford 1086 (DB).

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Winsham Somerset . Winesham 1046, 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of a man called Wine’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Winshill Staffs . Wineshylle 1002.

‘Hill of a man called Wine’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Winskill Cumbria . Wyndscales 1292.

‘Temporary huts or sheds in a windy place’.
OE wind + OScand. skáli.

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Winslade Hants. Winesflot 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or channel of a man called Wine’.
OE pers. name + flde.

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Winsley Wilts. Winesleg 1242.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Wine’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Winslow Bucks. Wineshlauu 795, Weneslai 1086 (DB).

‘Mound of a man called Wine’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Winson Glos. Winestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wine’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Winster Cumbria . Winster 13th cent.

Named from the River Winster, a
Celtic river-name meaning ‘white stream’ or an OScand. river-name meaning ‘the left one’.

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Winster Derbys. Winsterne 1086 (DB).

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Wine’.
OE pers. name + thyrne.

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Winston,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Wine’,
OE pers. name + tn: Winston Durham . Winestona 1091. Winston Suffolk . Winestuna 1086 (DB).

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Winstone Glos. Winestan 1086 (DB).

‘(Boundary) stone of a man called Wynna’.
OE pers. name + stn.

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Winterborne, Winterbourne,

originally a river-name ‘winter stream, i.e. stream flowing most strongly in winter’,
OE winter + burna; examples of places named from their situation on the various rivers so called include: Winterborne Came Dorset. Wintreburne 1086 (DB), Winterburn Caam 1280. Affix from its early possession by the Norman Abbey of Caen. Winterborne Clenston Dorset. Wintreburne 1086 (DB), Wynterburn Clencheston 1303. Affix means ‘estate (tn) of the Clench family’. Winterborne Stickland Dorset. Winterburne 1086 (DB), Winterburn Stikellane 1203. Affix means ‘(with a) steep lane’, from
OE sticol + lane. Winterborne Whitechurch Dorset. Wintreburne 1086 (DB), Wynterborn Wytecherch 1268. Affix means ‘(with a) white, i.e. stone-built, church’,
OE hwt + cirice. Winterborne Zelston Dorset. Wintreborne 1086 (DB), Wynterbourn Selyston 1350. Affix means ‘estate (tn) of the de Seles family’. Winterbourne S. Glos. Wintreborne 1086 (DB). Winterbourne Abbas Dorset. Wintreburne 1086 (DB), Wynterburn Abbatis 1244.
Latin affix ‘of the abbot’ refers to early possession by the Abbey of Cerne. Winterbourne Bassett & Winterbourne Monkton Wilts. Wintreburne 950, 1086 (DB), Winterburn Basset 1242, Moneke Wynterburn 1251. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by the Basset family and by the monks of Glastonbury Abbey. Winterbourne Dauntsey, Earls & Winterbourne Dauntsey, Gunner Wilts. Wintreburne 1086 (DB), Wynterburne Dauntesie 1268, Winterburne Earls 1250, Winterburn Gonor 1267. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by the Danteseye family, by the Earls of Salisbury, and by a lady called Gunnora (here in 1249).

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Winteringham N. Lincs. Wintringeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wintra’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Wintersett W. Yorks. Wintersete c.1125.

‘Fold used in winter’.
OE winter + set.

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Winterslow Wilts. Wintreslev 1086 (DB).

‘Mound or tumulus of a man called Winter’.
OE pers. name + hlw.

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Winterton N. Lincs. Wintringatun c.1067, Wintrintune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Wintra’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Winterton-on-Sea Norfolk . Winttertonne 1044–7, Wintretuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead used in winter’.
OE winter + tn.

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Winthorpe Lincs. Winetorp 12th cent.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Wina’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Winthorpe Notts. Wimuntorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Wgmund or Vígmundr’.
OE or OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Winton Cumbria . Wyntuna c.1094.

Probably ‘pasture farmstead’.
OE winn + tn.

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Winton Dorset ,

a suburb of Bournemouth named from the Earl of Eglinton, created also Earl of Winton in 1859, a kinsman of the Talbot sisters (see TALBOT VILLAGE).

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Wintringham N. Yorks. Wentrigham 1086 (DB), Wintringham 1169.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wintra’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Winwick,

‘dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Wina’,
OE pers. name + wc: Winwick Cambs. Wineuuiche 1086 (DB). Winwick Northants. Winewican 1043, Winewiche 1086 (DB).

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Winwick Ches. Winequic 1170, Winewich 1204.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Wineca’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Wirksworth Derbys. Wyrcesuuyrthe 835, Werchesworde 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of a man called Weorc’.
OE pers. name + worth.

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Wirral Ches. Wirhealum, Wirheale early 10th cent.

‘(Place at) the nook(s) where bog-myrtle grows’.
OE wr + halh.

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Wirswall Ches. Wireswelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream of a man called Wghere’.
OE pers. name + wella.

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Wisbech Cambs. Wisbece 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘marshy-meadow valley or ridge’.
OE wisc or wisse + bece or bæc (locative bece). Alternatively the first element may be the River Wissey, itself an OE name meaning ‘marshy stream’.

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Wisborough Green W. Sussex . Wisebregh 1227.

‘Marshy-meadow hill’.
OE wisc + beorg.

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Wiseton Notts. Wisetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wsa’, or ‘marshy-meadow farmstead’.
OE pers. name or wisc + tn.

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Wishford, Great Wilts. Wicheford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where wych-elms grow’.
OE wice + ford.

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Wiske (river) N. Yorks. ,

see APPLETON WISKE.

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Wisley Surrey . Wiselei 1086 (DB).

‘Marshy-meadow clearing’.
OE wisc + lah.

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Wispington Lincs. Wispinctune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead at the place where brushwood grows’.
OE wisp + -ing + tn.

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Wissett Suffolk . Wisseta 1086 (DB), Witseta 1165.

Possibly ‘fold of a man called Witta’.
OE pers. name + set.

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Wissington Suffolk . Wiswythetun c.1000.

‘Farmstead or estate of a woman called Wgswth’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wistanstow Shrops. Wistanestou 1086 (DB).

‘Holy place of St Wgstn’.
OE saint's name (Wgstn was a Mercian prince murdered in 849 or 850) + stw.

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Wistanswick Shrops. Wistaneswick 1274.

‘Dwelling or (dairy) farm of a man called Wgstn’.
OE pers. name + wc.

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Wistaston Ches. Wistanestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wgstn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wiston W. Sussex . Wistanestun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wgstn or Winestn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wistow,

‘the dwelling place’,
OE wcstw: Wistow Cambs. Wicstoue 974, Wistov 1086 (DB). Wistow N. Yorks. Wicstow c.1030.

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Wistow Leics. Wistanestov 1086 (DB).

‘Holy place of St Wgstn’, from
OE stw, thus identical with WISTANSTOW Shrops.

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Wiswell Lancs. Wisewell 1207.

Possibly ‘spring or stream near a marshy meadow’.
OE wisc or wisse + wella.

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Witcham Cambs. Wichamme 970, Wiceham 1086 (DB).

‘Promontory where wych-elms grow’.
OE wice + hamm.

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Witchampton Dorset. Wichemetune 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of the dwellers at a village associated with an earlier Romano-British settlement’.
OE wc + hme + tn.

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Witchford Cambs. Wiceford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford where wych-elms grow’.
OE wice + ford.

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Witchingham, Great Norfolk . Wicinghaham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wic’,
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm. Alternatively the first element may be
OE wcinga ‘of the pirates’.

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Witcombe, Great Glos. Wydecomb 1220.

‘Wide valley’.
OE wd + cumb.

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Witham Essex . Witham late 9th cent., 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead near a river-bend’.
OE wiht + hm.

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Witham Friary Somerset . Witeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a councillor, or of a man called Witta’.
OE wita or pers. name + hm. The affix Friary, found from 16th cent., is possibly from
Latin fraeria ‘guild’.

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Witham, North & Witham, South Lincs. Widme 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Witham, a Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name of uncertain origin.

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Witham on the Hill Lincs. Witham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead in a bend’.
OE wiht + hm.

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Witheridge Devon . Wiriga (sic) 1086 (DB), Wytherigge 1256.

‘Willow-tree ridge’, or ‘ridge where wether-sheep are kept’.
OE wthig or wether + hrycg.

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Witherley Leics. Wytherdele c.1204.

‘Woodland clearing of a woman called Wgthrth’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Withern Lincs. Widerne 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘house in the wood’.
OE widu, wudu + ærn.

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Withernsea E. R. Yorks. Widfornessei 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘lake at the place near the thorn-tree’.
OE with + thorn + s.

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Withernwick E. R. Yorks. Widforneuuic 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘dairy farm of the place near the thorn-tree’.
OE with + thorn + wc.

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Withersdale Street Suffolk . Weresdel (sic) 1086 (DB), Wideresdala 1184.

‘Valley where wether-sheep are kept’.
OE wether + dæl.

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Withersfield Suffolk . Wedresfelda 1086 (DB).

‘Open land where wether-sheep are kept.’
OE wether + feld.

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Witherslack Cumbria . Witherslake c.1190.

‘Valley of the wood, or of the willow-tree’.
OScand. vithr (genitive vithar) or vth (genitive vthjar) + slakki.

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Withiel Cornwall . Widie 1086 (DB).

‘Wooded place’.
Cornish gwydh ‘trees’ with suffix -yel.

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Withiel Florey Somerset . Withiglea 737, Wythele Flory 1305.

‘Wood or clearing where willow-trees grow’.
OE wthig + lah. Manorial affix from the de Flury family, here in the 13th cent.

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Withington,

usually ‘farmstead with a willow copse’,
OE wthign + tn; examples include: Withington Ches. Widinton 1185. Withington Heref. & Worcs. Widingtune 1086 (DB).
However the following has a different origin: Withington Glos. Wudiandun 737, Widindune 1086 (DB). ‘Hill of a man called Widia’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + dn.

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Withnell Lancs. Withinhull c.1160.

‘Hill where willow-trees grow’.
OE wthigen + hyll.

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Withybrook Warwicks. Wythibroc 12th cent.

‘Willow-tree brook’.
OE wthig + brc.

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Withycombe,

‘valley where willow-trees grow’,
OE wthig + cumb: Withycombe Somerset . Widicumbe 1086 (DB). Withycombe Raleigh Devon . Widecome 1086 (DB), Widecombe Ralegh 1465. Manorial affix from the de Ralegh family, here in the early 14th cent.

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Withyham E. Sussex. Withiham 1230.

‘Willow-tree enclosure or promontory’.
OE wthig + hamm.

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Withypool Somerset . Widepolle 1086 (DB).

‘Willow-tree pool’.
OE wthig + pl.

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Witley Surrey . Witlei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing in a bend, or of a man called Witta’.
OE wiht or pers. name + lah.

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Witley, Great & Witley, Little Heref. & Worcs. Wittlæg 964, Witlege 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing in a bend’.
OE wiht + lah.

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Witnesham Suffolk . Witdesham (sic) 1086 (DB), Witnesham 1254.

Possibly ‘homestead of a man called Wittn’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Witney Oxon. Wyttanige 969, Witenie 1086 (DB).

‘Island, or dry ground in marsh, of a man called Witta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + g.

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Wittenham, Little & Wittenham, Long Oxon. Wittanham c.865, Witeham 1086 (DB).

‘River-bend land of a man called Witta’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hamm.

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Wittering Cambs. Witheringaeige 972, Witheringham 1086 (DB), Witeringa 1167.

‘(Island or homestead of) the family or followers of a man called Wither’.
OE pers. name + -ingas (in genitive plural with g and hm in the early forms).

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Wittering, East & Wittering, West W. Sussex . Wihttringes 683, Westringes (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Wihthere’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Wittersham Kent . Wihtriceshamme 1032.

‘Promontory of a man called Wihtrc’.
OE pers. name + hamm.

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Witton,

a common name, usually ‘farmstead in or by a wood’,
OE wudu or widu + tn; for example: Witton Bridge Norfolk . Widituna 1086 (DB). Witton, East & Witton, West N. Yorks. Witun 1086 (DB). Witton Gilbert Durham . Wyton 1195. Manorial affix from its possession by Gilbert de la Ley in the 12th cent. Witton-le-Wear Durham . Wudutun c.1050. On the River Wear, for which see MONKWEARMOUTH.
However some Wittons have a different origin: Witton Ches. Witune 1086 (DB). ‘Estate with a salt-works’.
OE wc + tn. Witton, Upper W. Mids. Witone 1086 (DB). Possibly ‘farmstead by an earlier Romano-British settlement’.
OE wc + tn.

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Wiveliscombe Somerset . Wifelescumb 854, Wivelescome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of a man called Wifel’.
OE pers. name + cumb, but see next name.

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Wivelsfield E. Sussex. Wifelesfeld c.765.

Probably ‘open land of a man called Wifel’,
OE pers. name + feld. Alternatively the first element in this and the previous name may be the noun wifel ‘weevil’ denoting ‘weevil-infested land’.

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Wivenhoe Essex . Wiunhov 1086 (DB).

‘Hill-spur of a woman called Wfe’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + hh.

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Wiveton Norfolk . Wiuentona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Wfe’.
OE pers name (genitive -n) + tn.

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Wix Essex . Wica 1086 (DB).

‘The dwellings or specialized farm’.
OE wc in a ME plural form wikes.

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Wixford Warwicks. Wihtlachesforde 962, Witelavesford (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Wihtlc’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Wixoe Suffolk . Witeskeou (sic) 1086 (DB), Widekeshoo 1205.

‘Hill-spur of a man called Widuc’.
OE pers. name + hh.

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Woburn Beds. Woburne 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the crooked or winding stream’.
OE wh + burna. It gives name to nearby Woburn Sands Bucks.

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Wokefield Park Berks. Weonfelda c.950, Hocfelle 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘open land of a man called Weohha’.
OE pers. name + feld.

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Woking Surrey . Wocchingas c.712, Wochinges 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Wocc(a)’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Wokingham Berks. Wokingeham 1146.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wocc(a)’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Woldingham Surrey . Wallingeham (sic) 1086 (DB), Waldingham 1204.

Probably ‘homestead of the forest dwellers’,
OE weald + -inga- + hm. Alternatively ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wealda’, with an
OE pers. name as first element.

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Wolds, The (upland districts, i. Leics., ii. Lincs., iii. N. Yorks. & E. R. Yorks. ),

from
OE wald ‘high forest-land, later cleared’, see FOSTON ON THE WOLDS, GARTON ON THE WOLDS, etc.

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Wolferton Norfolk . Wulferton 1166.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wulfhere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wolford, Great & Wolford, Little Warwicks. Wolwarde 1086 (DB).

‘Place protected against wolves’.
OE wulf + weard.

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Wollaston Northants. Wilavestone (sic) 1086 (DB), Wullaueston 1190.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wulflf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wollaston Shrops. Willavestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wglf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wollerton Shrops. Ulvretone 1086 (DB), Wluruntona c.1135.

‘Farmstead or village of a woman called Wulfrn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wolsingham Durham . Wlsingham c.1150.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wulfsige’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Wolstanton Staffs . Wlstanetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wulfstn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wolston Warwicks. Ulvricetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wulfrc’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wolvercote Oxon. Ulfgarcote 1086 (DB).

‘Cottage associated with a man called Wulfgr’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + cot.

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Wolverhampton W. Mids. Heantune 985, Wolvrenehamptonia c.1080.

Originally ‘high farmstead’, from
OE hah (dative han) + tn, later with the addition of the
OE pers. name Wulfrn, the lady to whom the manor was given in 985.

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Wolverley Heref. & Worcs. Wulfferdinleh 866, Ulwardelei 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing associated with a man called Wulfweard’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + lah.

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Wolverton Bucks. Wluerintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Wulfhere’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Wolvey Warwicks. Ulveia 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘enclosure protected against wolves’.
OE wulf + hege or hæg.

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Wolviston Stock. on T. Oluestona 1091.

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wombleton N. Yorks. Winbeltun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wynbald or Winebald’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wombourn Staffs . Wamburne 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the crooked or winding stream’.
OE wh (dative wn) + burna.

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Wombwell S. Yorks. Wanbuelle 1086 (DB).

‘Spring or stream in a hollow, or of a man called Wamba’.
OE wamb or pers. name + wella.

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Womenswold Kent . Wimlincgawald 824.

Possibly ‘forest of the family or followers of a man called Wmel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + weald.

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Wonersh Surrey . Woghenhers 1199.

‘Crooked ploughed field’.
OE wh (dative wn) + ersc.

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Wonston, South Hants. Wynsigestune 901, Wenesistune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wynsige’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wooburn Bucks. Waburna c.1075, Waborne 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stream with its banks walled up, or with a dam’.
OE wg + burna. Alternatively the first element may be
OE wh ‘crooked, winding’.

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Wood

as affix, see main name, e.g. for Wood Dalling (Norfolk ) see DALLING.

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Woodale N. Yorks. Wulvedale 1223.

‘Valley frequented by wolves’.
OE wulf + dæl.

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Woodbastwick Norfolk . Bastwik 1044–7, Bastuuic 1086 (DB), Wodbastwyk 1253.

‘Farm where bast (the bark of the lime-tree used for rope-making) is got’.
OE bæst + wc, with the later addition of wudu ‘wood’.

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Woodborough Notts. Udeburg 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place by the wood’.
OE wudu + burh.

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Woodborough Wilts. Wideberghe 1208.

‘Wooded hill’.
OE wudu + beorg.

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Woodbridge Suffolk . Oddebruge c.1050, Wudebrige 1086 (DB).

‘Wooden bridge’, or ‘bridge near the wood’.
OE wudu + brycg.

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Woodburn, East Northum. Wodeburn 1265.

‘Stream in the wood’.
OE wudu + burna.

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Woodbury Devon . Wodeberia 1086 (DB).

‘Fortified place by the wood’.
OE wudu + burh (dative byrig).

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Woodbury Salterton Devon ,

see SALTERTON.

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Woodchester Glos. Uuduceastir 716–43, Widecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman camp in the wood’.
OE wudu + ceaster.

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Woodchurch Kent . Wuducirce c.1100.

‘Wooden church’, or ‘church by the wood’.
OE wudu + cirice.

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Woodcote, Woodcott,

‘cottage(s) in or by a wood’,
OE wudu + cot; examples include: Woodcote Gtr. London . Wudecot 1200. Woodcote Oxon. Wdecote 1109.

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Woodditton Cambs. Dictune 1022, Wodedittone 1227.

‘Farmstead by a ditch or dyke’,
OE dc + tn, with affix wudu ‘wood’ to distinguish this place from FEN DITTON.

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Woodeaton Oxon. Etone 1086 (DB), Wudeetun 1185.

‘Farmstead by a river’.
OE a + tn, with the later affix wudu ‘wood’.

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Woodend,

‘(place at) the end of the wood’,
OE wudu + ende; for example Woodend Northants. Wodende 1316.

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Woodford,

‘ford in or by a wood’,
OE wudu + ford; examples include: Woodford Gtr. London . Wdefort 1086 (DB). Woodford Gtr. Manch. Wideforde 1248. Woodford Northants., near Thrapston . Wodeford 1086 (DB). Woodford Wilts. Wuduforda 972. Woodford Halse Northants. Wodeford 1086 (DB). Affix from the manor of HALSE.

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Wood Green Gtr. London . Wodegrene 1502.

‘Green place near woodland’.
OE wudu + grne.

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Woodhall,

‘hall in or by a wood’,
OE wudu + h(e)all; for example Woodhall Spa Lincs. Wudehalle 12th cent. (with recent affix from its reputation as a watering-place).

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Woodham,

usually ‘homestead or village in or by a wood’,
OE wudu + hm; examples include: Woodham Surrey . Wodeham 672–4. Woodham Ferrers, Mortimer , & Woodham Ferrers, Walter Essex . Wudaham c.975, Udeham, Odeham, Wdeham 1086 (DB), Wodeham Ferrers 1230, Wodeham Mortimer 1255, Wodeham Walter 1238. Manorial affixes from early possession of estates here by the de Ferrers, Mortimer, and Fitzwalter families.

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Woodhay, East (Hants. ) & Woodhay, West (Berks. ) Wideheia c.1150.

‘Wide enclosure’.
OE wd (dative -an) + hæg.

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Woodhorn Northum. Wudehorn 1178.

‘Wooded horn of land or promontory’.
OE wudu + horn.

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Woodhouse,

‘house(s) in or near a wood’,
OE wudu + hs; examples include: Woodhouse Leics. Wodehuses c.1220. Woodhouse Eaves has affix from
OE efes ‘edge of a wood’ with reference to CHARNWOOD FOREST. Woodhouse S. Yorks. Wdehus 1200.

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Woodhurst Cambs. Wdeherst 1209.

Originally
OE hyrst ‘wooded hill’ with the later addition of wudu ‘wood’.

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Woodland(s),

‘cultivated land in or near a wood’,
OE wudu + land; examples include: Woodland Devon . Wodelonde 1328. Woodlands Dorset. Wodelande 1244.

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Woodleigh Devon . Wuduleage c.1010, Odelie 1086 (DB).

‘Clearing in a wood’.
OE wudu + lah.

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Woodlesford W. Yorks. Wridelesford 12th cent.

‘Ford near a thicket’.
OE wrdels + ford.

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Woodmancote, Woodmancott,

‘cottage(s) of the woodsmen or foresters’,
OE wudu-mann + cot; examples include: Woodmancote Glos., near Rendcomb . Wodemancote 12th cent. Woodmancott Hants. Woedemancote 903, Udemanecote 1086 (DB).

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Woodmansey E. R. Yorks. Wodemanse 1289.

‘Pool of the woodsman or forester’.
OE wudu-mann + s.

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Woodmansterne Surrey . Odemerestor (sic) 1086 (DB), Wudemaresthorne c.1190.

‘Thorn-tree by the boundary of the wood’.
OE wudu + mre + thorn.

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Woodnesborough Kent . Wanesberge (sic) 1086 (DB), Wodnesbeorge c.1100.

‘Mound associated with the heathen god Wden’.
OE god-name + beorg.

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Woodnewton Northants. Niwetone 1086 (DB), Wodeneuton 1255.

‘New farmstead (in woodland)’.
OE nwe + tn with the later addition of wudu.

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Woodplumpton Lancs. Pluntun 1086 (DB), Wodeplumpton 1327.

‘Farmstead (in woodland) where plum-trees grow’.
OE plme + tn with the later addition of wudu.

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Woodrising Norfolk . Risinga 1086 (DB), Woderisingg 1291.

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Risa’.
OE pers. name + -ingas, with the later addition of wudu.

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Woodsetts S. Yorks. Wodesete 1324.

‘Folds (for animals) in the wood’.
OE wudu + set.

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Woodsford Dorset. Wardesford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Weard’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Woodstock Oxon. Wudestoce c.1000, Wodestoch 1086 (DB).

‘Settlement in woodland’.
OE wudu + stoc.

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Woodthorpe,

‘outlying farmstead or hamlet in woodland’,
OE wudu + OScand. thorp: Woodthorpe Derbys. Wodethorpe 1258. Woodthorpe Lincs. Wdetorp 12th cent.

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Woodton Norfolk . Wodetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead in or near a wood’.
OE wudu + tn.

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Woodville Derbys. ,

a modern name dating from 1845, until then known as Wooden-Box from the wooden hut here for collecting toll at the turnpike.

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Woodyates, East & Woodyates, West Dorset. Wdegeate 9th cent., Odiete 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the gate or gap in the wood’.
OE wudu + geat.

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Woofferton Shrops. Wulfreton 1221.

‘Farmstead of a man called Wulfhere or Wulffrith’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wookey Somerset . Woky 1065.

‘(Place at) the trap or snare for animals’.
OE wcig, probably originally with reference to Wookey Hole (Wokyhole 1065, with
OE hol ‘ravine’).

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Wool Dorset. Welle 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the spring or springs’.
OE wiella.

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Woolacombe Devon . Wellecome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley with a spring or stream’.
OE wiella + cumb.

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Woolaston Glos. Odelaweston 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wulflf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Woolbeding W. Sussex . Welbedlinge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘place associated with a man called Wulfbeald’.
OE pers. name + -ing.

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Wooler Northum. Wulloure 1187.

Probably ‘spring promontory’.
OE wella + ofer.

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Woolfardisworthy Devon, near Crediton . Ulfaldeshodes (sic) 1086 (DB), Wolfardesworthi 1264.

‘Enclosure of a man called Wulfheard’.
OE pers. name + worthig.

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Woolhampton Berks. Ollavintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Wulflf’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Woolhope Heref. & Worcs. Hope 1086 (DB), Wulvivehop 1234.

‘(Place at) the valley’.
OE hop, with later addition from a woman called Wulfgifu who gave the manor to Hereford Cathedral in the 11th cent.

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Woolland Dorset. Wonlonde 934, Winlande 1086 (DB).

‘Estate with pasture or meadow’.
OE wynn + land.

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Woolley,

usually ‘wood or clearing frequented by wolves’,
OE wulf + lah; examples include: Woolley Cambs. Ciluelai (sic) 1086 (DB), Wulueleia 1158. Woolley W. Yorks. Wiluelai 1086 (DB).

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Woolpit Suffolk . Wlpit 10th cent., Wlfpeta 1086 (DB).

‘Pit for trapping wolves’.
OE wulf-pytt.

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Woolscott Warwicks. Wulscote c.1235.

Probably ‘cottage(s) of a man called Wulfsige’.
OE pers. name + cot.

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Woolstaston Shrops. Ulestanestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wulfstn’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Woolsthorpe Lincs., near Grantham . Ulestanestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called. Wulfstn’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Woolston Ches. Ulfitona 1142.

‘Farmstead of a man called Wulfsige’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Woolston Devon . Ulsistone 1086 (DB).

Identical in origin with the previous name.

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Woolston Hants. Olvestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wulf’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Woolstone Oxon. Olvricestone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate of a man called Wulfrc’.
OE pers. name + tn. The Wulfrc in question is named in 10th cent. charters.

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Woolstone, Great & Woolstone, Little Bucks. Wlsiestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wulfsige’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Woolton Mersey . Uluentune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wulfa’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + tn.

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Woolverstone Suffolk . Uluerestuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wulfhere’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Woolverton Somerset . Wulfrinton 1196.

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Wulfhere’.
OE pers. name + ing- + tn.

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Woolwich Gtr. London . Uuluuich 918, Hulviz (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Port from which wool is shipped’.
OE wull + wc.

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Woore Shrops. Wavre 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘(place by) the swaying tree’.
OE wæfre.

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Wootton,

a common name, ‘farmstead in or near a wood’,
OE wudu + tn; examples include: Wootton Northants. Witone 1086 (DB). Wootton Oxon., near Abingdon . Wuttune 985. Wootton Bassett Wilts. Wdetun 680, Wodetone 1086 (DB), Wotton Basset 1272. Manorial affix from the Basset family, here in the 13th cent. Wootton Fitzpaine Dorset. Wodetone 1086 (DB), Wotton Fitz Payn 1392. Manorial affix from the Fitz Payn family, here in the 14th cent. Wootton, Glanvilles Dorset. Widetone 1086 (DB), Wotton Glaunuill 1288. Manorial affix from the Glanville family, here in the 13th cent. Wootton, Leek Warwicks. Wottona 1122, Lecwotton 1285. Affix presumably
OE lac ‘leek’ from their cultivation here. Wootton, North & Wootton, South Norfolk . Wdetuna 1086 (DB), Nordwitton 1166, Sudwutton 1182. Wootton Rivers Wilts. Wdutun 804, Otone 1086 (DB), Wotton Ryvers 1332. Manorial affix from the de Rivere family, here in the 13th cent. Wootton St Lawrence Hants. Wudatune 990, Odetone 1086 (DB). Affix from the dedication of the church. Wootton Wawen Warwicks. Uuidutuun 716–37, Wotone 1086 (DB), Wageneswitona c.1142. Affix from its possession in the 11th cent. by a man called Wagen (
OScand. Vagn).

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Worcester Heref. & Worcs. Weogorna civitas 691, Wigranceastre 717, Wirecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman town of the Weogora tribe’.
Pre-English folk-name (possibly from a Celtic river-name meaning ‘winding river’) + OE ceaster.

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Worcestershire

(
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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Wordsley W. Mids. Wuluardeslea 12th cent.

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Wulfweard’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Worfield Shrops. Wrfeld 1086 (DB).

‘Open land on the River Worfe’.
OE river-name (meaning ‘winding’) + feld.

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Workington Cumbria . Wirkynton c.1125.

‘Estate associated with a man called Weorc’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Worksop Notts. Werchesope 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure or valley of a man called Weorc’.
OE pers. name + hop.

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Worlaby N. Lincs. Uluricebi 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead or village of a man called Wulfrc’.
OE pers. name + OScand. bý.

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Worldham, East & Worldham, West Hants. Werildeham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of a woman called Wrhild’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Worle N. Som. Worle 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘wood or clearing frequented by wood-grouse’.
OE wr + lah.

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Worleston Ches. Werblestune (sic) 1086 (DB), Weruelestona c.1100.

Possibly ‘farmstead at the clearing for cattle’.
OE weorf + lah (genitive las) + tn.

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Worlingham Suffolk . Werlingaham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wrel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Worlington Devon . Ulvredintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Wulfrd’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Worlington Suffolk . Wirilintona 1086 (DB), Wridelingeton 1201.

‘Farmstead by the winding stream’.
OE wride + wella + -ing- + tn.

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Worlingworth Suffolk . Wilrincgawertha c.1035, Wyrlingwortha 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Wilhere’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + worth.

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Wormbridge Heref. & Worcs. Wermebrig 1207.

‘Bridge on Worm Brook’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘dark stream’) + OE brycg.

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Wormegay Norfolk . Wermegai 1086 (DB).

‘Island of the family or followers of a man called Wyrma’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + g.

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Wormhill Derbys. Wruenele (sic) 1086 (DB), Wermehull c.1105.

Probably ‘hill of a man called Wyrma’.
OE pers. name + hyll.

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Wormingford Essex . Widemondefort 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Withermund’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Worminghall Bucks. Wermelle (sic) 1086 (DB), Wirmenhale c.1218.

Probably ‘nook of land of a man called Wyrma’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Wormington Glos. Wermetune 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Wyrma’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Worminster Somerset . Wormester 946.

‘Rocky hill of the snake or dragon’.
OE wyrm + torr.

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Wormleighton Warwicks. Wilmanlehttune 956, Wimelestone 1086 (DB).

‘Herb garden of a man called Wilma’.
OE pers. name + lac-tn.

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Wormley Herts. Wrmeleia c.1060, Wermelai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing infested with snakes’.
OE wyrm + lah.

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Wormshill Kent . Godeselle (sic) 1086 (DB), Wotnesell c.1225, Worneshelle 1254.

Possibly ‘hill of the heathen god Wden’,
OE god-name + hyll. Alternatively ‘shelter for a herd of pigs’,
OE weorn + (ge)sell.

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Wormsley Heref. & Worcs. Wermeslai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Wyrm’, or ‘one infested with snakes’.
OE pers. name or wyrm + lah.

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Wormwood Scrubs Gtr. London . Wermeholte 1200.

‘Snake-infested wood’.
OE wyrm + holt, with the later addition of scrubb ‘scrubland, place overgrown with brushwood’.

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Worplesdon Surrey . Werpesdune 1086 (DB).

‘Hill with a path or track’.
OE werpels + dn.

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Worrall S. Yorks. Wihale 1086 (DB), Wirhal 1218.

Probably ‘nook of land where bog-myrtle grows’.
OE wr + halh.

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Worsall, High & Worsall, Low N. Yorks. Wirceshel, Wercheshale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land of a man called Weorc’.
OE pers. name + halh.

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Worsbrough S. Yorks. Wircesburg 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Wyrc’.
OE pers. name + burh.

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Worsley Gtr. Manch. Werkesleia 1196, Wyrkitheley 1246.

Possibly ‘woodland clearing of a woman called Weorcgth or of a man called Weorchæth’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Worstead Norfolk . Wrthestede 1044–7, Wrdestedam 1086 (DB).

‘Site of an enclosure, a farmstead’.
OE worth + stede.

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Worsthorne Lancs. Worthesthorn 1202.

‘Thorn-tree of a man called Weorth’.
OE pers. name + thorn.

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Worston Lancs. Wrtheston 1212.

Farmstead of a man called Weorth'.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Worth,

‘the enclosure, the enclosed settlement’,
OE worth; examples include: Worth Kent . Wurth 1226. Worth W. Sussex . Orde 1086 (DB). Worth Matravers Dorset. Wirde 1086 (DB). Worth Matrauers 1664. Manorial affix from the Mautravers family, here from the 14th cent.

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Wortham Suffolk . Wrtham c.950, Wortham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead with an enclosure’.
OE worth + hm.

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Worthen Shrops. Wrdine 1086 (DB).

‘The enclosure’.
OE worthign.

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Worthing Norfolk . Worthing 1282.

Probably identical in origin with the previous name.

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Worthing W. Sussex . Ordinges 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Weorth’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Worthington Leics. Werditone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘estate associated with a man called Weorth’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Worthy, Headbourne, Worthy, Kings, & Worthy, Martyr Hants. Worthige 825, Ordie 1086 (DB), Hydeburne Worthy c.1270, Chinges Ordia 1157, Wordia le Martre 1243.

‘The enclosure(s)’.
OE worthig. The affix Headbourne is an old stream-name (‘stream by the hides of land’,
OE hd + burna), the other affixes being from early possession by the king and the le Martre family.

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Worting Hants. Wyrtingas 960, Wortinges 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘the herb gardens’, from the plural of an
OE word wyrting.

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Wortley S. Yorks. Wirtleie 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing used for growing vegetables’.
OE wyrt + lah.

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Worton Wilts. Wrton 1173.

‘The vegetable garden’.
OE wyrt-tn.

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Worton, Nether & Worton, Over Oxon. Ortune 1050–2, Hortone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a bank or slope’.
OE ra + tn.

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Wotherton Shrops. Udevertune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by the woodland ford’.
OE wudu + ford + tn.

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Wotton,

‘farmstead in or near a wood’,
OE wudu + tn; examples include: Wotton Surrey . Wodetone 1086 (DB). Wotton under Edge Glos. Wudutune 940, Vutune 1086 (DB). Affix refers to its situation under the Cotswold escarpment. Wotton Underwood Bucks. Wudotun 848, Oltone (sic) 1086 (DB). Affix means ‘within the wood’.

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Woughton on the Green Bucks. Ulchetone (sic) 1086 (DB), Wocheton 1163.

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Woca’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wouldham Kent . Uuldaham 811, Oldeham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Wulda’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Wrabness Essex . Wrabenasa 1086 (DB).

‘Headland of a man called Wrabba’.
OE pers. name + næss.

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Wrafton Devon . Wratheton 1238.

Possibly ‘farmstead built on piles or timber supports’.
OE wrathu + tn.

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Wragby,

‘farmstead or village of a man called Wraggi’,
OScand. pers. name + bý: Wragby Lincs. Waragebi 1086 (DB). Wragby W. Yorks. Wraggebi 1160–70.

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Wramplingham Norfolk . Wranplincham 1086 (DB).

OE hm ‘homestead’ with an uncertain first element, probably a pers. name or tribal name.

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Wrangle Lincs. Werangle 1086 (DB).

‘Crooked stream or other feature’.
OE wrengel or OScand. vrengill.

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Wrantage Somerset . Wrentis 1199.

‘Pasture for stallions’.
OE wrna + etisc.

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Wratting,

‘place where crosswort or hellebore grows’,
OE wrætt + -ing: Wratting, Great & Wratting, Little Suffolk . Wratinga 1086 (DB). Wratting, West Cambs. Wreattinge 974, Waratinge 1086 (DB).

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Wrawby N. Lincs. Waragebi 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead or village of a man called Wraghi’.
OScand. pers. name + bý.

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Wraxall,

‘nook of land frequented by the buzzard or other bird of prey’,
OE wrocc + halh: Wraxall Dorset. Brocheshale (sic) 1086 (DB), Wrokeshal 1196. Wraxall N. Som. Werocosale 1086 (DB). Wraxall, North Wilts. Werocheshalle 1086 (DB). Wraxall, South Wilts. Wroxhal 1227.

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Wray, Wrea, Wreay,

‘secluded nook or corner of land’,
OScand. vrá; examples include: Wray Lancs. Wra 1227. Wray, High Cumbria . Wraye c.1535. Wrea Green Lancs. Wra 1201. Wreay Cumbria, near Soulby . Wra 1487.

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Wraysbury Berks. Wirecesberie (sic) 1086 (DB), Wiredesbur 1195.

‘Stronghold of a man called Wgrd’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Wreake (river) Leics. ,

see FRISBY ON THE WREAKE.

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Wrecclesham Surrey . Wrecclesham 1225.

Probably ‘homestead or enclosure of a man called Wrecel’.
OE pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Wrekin, The Shrops. ,

see WROXETER.

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Wrelton N. Yorks. Wereltun 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead by the hill where criminals are hanged’.
OE wearg + hyll + tn.

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Wrenbury Ches. Wareneberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of the wren, or of a man called Wrenna’.
OE wrenna or pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Wreningham Norfolk . Wreningham c.1060, Urnincham (sic) 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead of the family or followers of a man called Wrenna’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Wrentham Suffolk . Wretham (sic) 1086 (DB), Wrentham 1228.

Probably ‘homestead of a man called Wrenta’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Wressle E. R. Yorks. Weresa (sic) 1086 (DB), Wresel 1183.

From
OE wrsel ‘something twisted’, perhaps referring to broken ground or a winding river.

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Wrestlingworth Beds. Wrastlingewrd c.1150.

Probably ‘enclosure of the family or followers of a man called Wrstel’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + worth.

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Wretham, East Norfolk . Wretham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead where crosswort or hellebore grows’.
OE wrætt + hm.

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Wretton Norfolk . Wretton 1198.

‘Farmstead where crosswort or hellebore grows’.
OE wrætt + tn.

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Wribbenhall Heref. & Worcs. Gurberhale (sic) 1086 (DB), Wrubbenhale c.1160

‘Nook of land of a man called Wrybba’.
OE pers. name (genitive -n) + halh.

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Wrightington Lancs. Wrichtington 1202.

Possibly ‘farmstead or village of the wrights or carpenters’.
OE wyrhta (genitive plural -ena) + tn.

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Wrinehill Staffs . Wrinehull 1225.

OE hyll ‘hill’ with an uncertain first element, possibly a stream-name or an earlier name for the hill itself.

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Wrington N. Som. Wringtone 926, Weritone (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the river called Wring’.
Earlier or alternative name (possibly meaning ‘winding stream’) for the River Yeo + OE tn.

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Writtle Essex . Writele 1066–76, Writelam 1086 (DB).

Originally a river-name from
OE writol ‘babbling’, an earlier name for the River Wid.

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Wrockwardine Shrops. Recordine 1086 (DB), Wrocwurthin 1196.

‘Enclosure by the hill called the Wrekin’.
Celtic name (see WROXETER) + OE worthign.

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Wroot N. Lincs. Wroth 1157.

‘Snout-like spur of land’.
OE wrt.

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Wrotham Kent . Uurotaham 788, Broteham (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead of a man called Wrta’.
OE pers. name + hm.

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Wroughton Wilts. Wervetone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the river called Worf’.
Celtic river-name meaning ‘winding stream’ (an old name of the River Ray) + OE tn.

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Wroxall I. of Wight. Wroccesheale 1038–44, Warochesselle 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land frequented by the buzzard or other bird of prey’.
OE wrocc + halh.

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Wroxeter Shrops. Ouirokónion c.150, Rochecestre 1086 (DB).

‘Roman fort at or near Uriconio or the Wrekin’. Ancient
Celtic name (possibly ‘town of Virico’) + OE ceaster.

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Wroxham Norfolk . Vrochesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of the buzzard, or of a man called Wrocc’.
OE wrocc or pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Wroxton Oxon. Werochestan 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘stone of the buzzards or other birds of prey’.
OE wrocc + stn.

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Wyaston Derbys. Widerdestune (sic) 1086 (DB), Wyardestone 1244.

‘Farmstead of a man called Wgheard’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wyberton Lincs. Wibertune 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘farmstead of a man called Wgbeorht or of a woman called Wgburh’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wyboston Beds. Wiboldestone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wgbeald’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wybunbury Ches. Wimeberie 1086 (DB), Wybbunberi c.1210.

‘Stronghold or manor-house of a man called Wgbeorn’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Wychbold Heref. & Worcs. Uuicbold 692, Wcelbold 1086 (DB).

‘Dwelling near the trading settlement’.
OE wc + bold.

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Wychwood (old forest) Oxon. ,

see ASCOTT UNDER WYCHWOOD.

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Wycliffe Durham . Witcliue 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘white cliff or bank’.
OE hwt + clif.

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Wycomb Leics. Wiche 1086 (DB), Wicham 1316.

Possibly identical in origin with the next name, but more likely to be from
OE wc-hm for which see WICKHAM.

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Wycombe, High & Wycombe, West Bucks. Wicumun c.970, Wicumbe 1086 (DB).

‘(Place) at the dwellings or settlements’.
OE wc in a dative plural form wcum. The river-name Wye here is probably only a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Wyddial Herts. Widihale 1086 (DB).

‘Nook of land where willow-trees grow’.
OE wthig + halh.

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Wye (river) Heref. & Worcs. ,

see ROSS ON WYE. The river-name Wye in Derbyshire is identical in origin.

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Wye Kent . Uuiæ 839, Wi 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the heathen temple’.
OE wg.

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Wyke,

‘the dwelling, the specialized farm or trading settlement’,
OE wc; examples include: Wyke Surrey . Wucha 1086 (DB). Wyke Regis Dorset. Wike 984, Kingeswik 1242. Anciently a royal manor, hence the
Latin affix Regis ‘of the king’.

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Wykeham N. Yorks. Wicham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead associated with an earlier Romano-British settlement’.
OE wc-hm.

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Wylam Northum. Wylum 12th cent.

Probably ‘(place at) the fish-traps’.
OE wl or wle in a dative plural form wlum.

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Wylye Wilts. Wilig 901, Wili 1086 (DB).

Named from the River Wylye, a pre-English river-name possibly meaning ‘tricky stream’, i.e. one liable to flood.

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Wymering Hants. Wimeringes 1086 (DB).

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Wgmr’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Wymeswold Leics. Wimundeswald 1086 (DB).

‘Forest of a man called Wgmund’.
OE pers. name + wald.

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Wymington Beds. Wimentone 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘farmstead of a man called Wdmund’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Wymondham,

‘homestead of a man called Wgmund’,
OE pers. name + hm: Wymondham Leics. Wimundesham 1086 (DB). Wymondham Norfolk . Wimundham 1086 (DB).

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Wymondley, Great & Wymondley, Little Herts. Wilmundeslea 11th cent., Wimundeslai 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Wilmund’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Wynford Eagle Dorset. Wenfrot 1086 (DB), Wynfrod Egle 1288.

A Celtic river-name meaning ‘white or bright stream’,
Celtic wïnn + frud. Manorial affix from the del Egle family, here in the 13th cent.

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Wyre Forest Heref. & Worcs., Shrops. Wyre c.1080.

Possibly from a
Celtic river-name meaning ‘winding river’.

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Wyre Piddle Heref. & Worcs. ,

see PIDDLE.

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Wyrley, Great & Wyrley, Little Staffs . Wereleia 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing where bog-myrtle grows’.
OE wr + lah.

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Wysall Notts. Wisoc 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘hill-spur of the heathen temple’.
OE wg + hh.

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Wytham Oxon. Wihtham c.957, Winteham (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or village in a river-bend’.
OE wiht + hm.

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Wytheford, Great Shrops. Wicford (sic) 1086 (DB), Widiford 1195.

‘Ford where willow-trees grow’.
OE wthig + ford.

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Wyton Cambs. Witune 1086 (DB), Wictun 1253.

‘Dwelling place, farmstead with a dwelling’.
OE wc-tn.

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Wyverstone Suffolk . Wiuerthestune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Wgferth’.
OE pers. name + tn.

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Y

Yaddlethorpe N. Lincs. Iadulfestorp 1086 (DB).

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called adwulf’.
OE pers. name + OScand. thorp.

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Yafforth N. Yorks. Iaforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford over the river (Wiske)’.
OE a + ford.

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Yalding Kent . Hallinges 1086 (DB), Ealding 1207.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Ealda’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Yanworth Glos. Janeworth c.1050, Teneurde (sic) 1086 (DB).

‘Enclosure used for lambs, or of a man called Gæna’.
OE an or pers. name + worth.

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Yapham E. R. Yorks. Iapun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the steep slopes’.
OE gap in a dative plural form gapum.

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Yapton W. Sussex . Abbiton c.1187.

‘Estate associated with a man called Eabba’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Yarburgh Lincs. Gereburg 1086 (DB), Jerdeburc 12th cent.

‘The earthwork, the fortification built of earth’.
OE eorth-burh.

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Yarcombe Devon . Ercecombe 10th cent., Erticoma 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of the River Yarty’.
Old river-name of uncertain origin + OE cumb.

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Yardley,

‘wood or clearing where rods or spars are obtained’,
OE gyrd + lah: Yardley W. Mids. Gyrdleah 972, Gerlei 1086 (DB). Yardley Gobion Northants. Gerdeslai 1086 (DB). Yerdley Gobioun 1353. Manorial affix from the Gubyun family, here in the 13th cent. Yardley Hastings Northants. Gerdelai 1086 (DB), Yerdele Hastinges 1316. Manorial affix from the de Hastinges family, here in the 13th cent.

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Yarkhill Heref. & Worcs. Geardcylle 811, Archel 1086 (DB).

‘Kiln with a yard or enclosure’.
OE geard + cyln.

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Yarlet Staffs . Erlide 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘gravelly slope, or eagle slope’.
OE ar or earn + hlith.

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Yarlington Somerset . Gerlincgetuna 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of the family or followers of a man called Gerla’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + tn.

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Yarm Stock. on T. Iarun 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the fish-weirs’.
OE gear in a dative plural form gearum.

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Yarmouth I. of Wight. Ermud 1086 (DB), Ernemuth 1223.

‘Gravelly or muddy estuary’.
OE aren + mtha. The river-name Yar is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Yarmouth, Great Norfolk . Gernemwa 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the mouth of the River Yare’.
Celtic river-name (probably ‘babbling stream’) + OE mtha.

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Yarnfield Staffs . Ernefeld 1266.

‘Open land frequented by eagles’.
OE earn + feld.

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Yarnscombe Devon . Hernescome 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of the eagle’.
OE earn + cumb.

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Yarnton Oxon. Ærdintune 1005, Hardintone 1086 (DB).

‘Estate associated with a man called Earda’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Yarpole Heref. & Worcs. Iarpol 1086 (DB)

‘Pool with a weir or dam for catching fish’.
OE gear + pl.

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Yarty (river) Devon ,

see YARCOMBE.

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Yarwell Northants. Jarwelle 1166.

‘Spring by the dam(s) for catching fish’.
OE gear + wella.

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Yate S. Glos. Geate 779, Giete 1086 (DB).

‘(Place at) the gate or gap’.
OE geat.

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Yateley Hants. Yatele 1248.

‘Woodland clearing with or near a gate or gap’.
OE geat + lah.

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Yatesbury Wilts. Etesberie 1086 (DB).

‘Stronghold of a man called Gat’.
OE pers. name + burh (dative byrig).

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Yattendon Berks. Etingedene 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘valley of the family or followers of a man called Gat’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + denu.

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Yatton N. Som. latune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead by a river’.
OE a + tn.

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Yatton Heref. & Worcs. Getune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead near a gate or gap’.
OE geat + tn.

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Yatton Keynell Wilts. Getone 1086 (DB), Yatton Kaynel 1289.

Identical in origin with the previous name. Manorial affix from the Caynel family, here in the 13th cent.

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Yaverland I. of Wight. Ewerelande 683, Evreland 1086 (DB).

‘Cultivated land where boars are kept’.
OE eofor + land.

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Yaxham Norfolk . Jachesham 1086 (DB).

‘Homestead or enclosure of the cuckoo or of a man called Gac’.
OE gac or pers. name + hm or hamm.

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Yaxley,

‘wood or clearing of the cuckoo’,
OE gac + lah: Yaxley Cambs. Geaceslea 963–84,Iacheslei 1086 (DB). Yaxley Suffolk . Jacheslea 1086 (DB).

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Yazor Heref. & Worcs. Iavesovre 1086 (DB), Iagesoure 1242.

‘Ridge of a man called Iago’.
Welsh pers. name + OE ofer.

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Yeading Gtr. London . Geddinges 716–57.

‘(Settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Geddi’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Yeadon W. Yorks. Iadun 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘steep hill’.
OE gh + dn.

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Yealand Conyers & Yealand Redmayne Lancs. Jalant 1086 (DB),Yeland Coygners 1301, Yeland Redman 1341.

‘High cultivated land’.
OE hah + land. Distinguishing affixes from early possession by the de Conyers and Redeman families.

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Yealmpton Devon . Elintona 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Yealm’.
Celtic or pre-Celtic river-name (of doubtful meaning) + OE tn.

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Yearsley N. Yorks. Eureslage 1086 (DB).

‘Wood or clearing of the wild boar, or of a man called Eofor’.
OE eofor or pers. name + lah.

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Yeaton Shrops. Aitone 1086 (DB), Eton 1327.

‘Farmstead by a river’.
OE a + tn.

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Yeaveley Derbys. Gheveli 1086 (DB).

‘Woodland clearing of a man called Geofa’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Yedingham N. Yorks. Edingham 1170–5.

‘Homestead of the family or followers of a man called ada’.
OE pers. name + -inga- + hm.

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Yelden Beds. Giveldene 1086 (DB).

‘Valley of the tribe called Gifle’.
Old tribal name (for which see NORTHILL) + OE denu.

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Yeldham, Great & Yeldham,Little Essex . Geldeham 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘homestead liable to pay a certain tax’.
OE gield + hm.

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Yelford Oxon. Aieleforde 1086 (DB).

‘Ford of a man called Ægel’.
OE pers. name + ford.

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Yelling Cambs. Gillinge 974, Gellinge 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘(settlement of) the family or followers of a man called Giella’.
OE pers. name + -ingas.

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Yelvertoft Northants. Gelvrecote (sic) 1086 (DB), Gelvertoft 12th cent.

Possibly ‘homestead of a man called Geldfrith’.
OE pers. name + OScand. toft (replacing OE cot ‘cottage’). Alternatively the first part of the name may be ‘ford,at a pool’, from an
OE gol + ford.

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Yelverton Devon . Elleford 1291, Elverton 1765.

Originally ‘elder-tree ford’, from
OE ellen + ford, with the later addition of tn ‘village’.

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Yeoford Devon . Ioweford 1242.

‘Ford on the River Yeo’.
OE river-name (possibly ‘yew stream’) + ford.

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Yeolmbridge Cornwall . Yambrigge 13th cent.

Possibly ‘bridge by the river meadow’.
OE a + hamm + brycg.

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Yeovil Somerset . Gifle c.880, Givele 1086 (DB).

‘(Place on) the River Gifl’.
Celtic river-name (meaning ‘forked river’), an earlier name for the River Yeo (the form of which has been influenced by
OE a ‘river’).

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Yeovilton Somerset . Geveltone 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead on the River Gifl’.
Celtic river-name (see YEOVIL) + OE tn.

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Yetlington Northum. Yettlinton 1187.

Possibly ‘estate associated with a man called Gatela’.
OE pers. name + -ing- + tn.

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Yetminster Dorset. Etiminstre 1086 (DB).

‘Church of a man called ata’.
OE pers. name + mynster.

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Yettington Devon . Yethemeton 1242.

‘Farmstead of the dwellers by the gate or gap’.
OE geat + hme + tn.

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Yiewsley Gtr. London . Wiuesleg 1235.

Probably ‘woodland clearing of a man called Wifel’.
OE pers. name + lah.

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Yockenthwaite N. Yorks. Yoghannesthweit 1241.

‘Clearing of a man called Eogan’.
OIrish pers. name + OScand. thveit.

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Yockleton Shrops. Ioclehuile 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘hill by a small manor or estate’.
OE geocled + hyll (later replaced by tn).

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Yokefleet E. R. Yorks. Iucufled 1086 (DB).

Probably ‘creek or stream of a man called Jókell’.
OScand. pers. name + flot.

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York Ebórakon c.150, Eboracum, Euruic 1086 (DB).

An ancient
Celtic name meaning ‘estate of a man called Eburos’ or (more probably) ‘yew-tree estate’. Yorkshire (
OE scr ‘district’) is first referred to in the 11th cent.

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York Town Surrey ,

so named in the early 19th cent. after Frederick, Duke of York, who founded Sandhurst College in 1812.

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Yorton Shrops. Iartune 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead with a yard’.
OE geard + tn.

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Youlgreave Derbys. Giolgrave 1086 (DB).

‘Yellow grove or pit’.
OE geolu + grfe or græf.

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Youlthorpe E. R. Yorks. Aiulftorp 1086 (DB), Joletorp 1166.

‘Outlying farmstead or hamlet of a man called Eyjulfr or Jól(i)’.
OScand. pers. name + thorp.

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Youlton N. Yorks. Ioletun 1086 (DB).

‘Farmstead of a man called Jóli’.
OScand. pers. name + OE tn.

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Yoxall Staffs . Iocheshale 1086 (DB).

Possibly ‘nook comprising a yoke or measure of land’.
OE geoc + halh.

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Yoxford Suffolk . Gokesford 1086 (DB).

‘Ford wide enough for a yoke of oxen’.
OE geoc + ford. The river-name Yox is a ‘back-formation’ from the place-name.

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Z

Zeal Monachorum Devon . Seale 956, Sele Monachorum 1275.

‘(Place at) the sallow-tree’.
OE sealh. Latin affix ‘of the monks’ refers to early possession by Buckfast Abbey.

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Zeal, South Devon . La Sele 1168.

‘The hall’, or ‘the sallow-tree’.
OE sele or sealh.

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Zeals Wilts. Sele 1086 (DB), Seles 1176.

‘The sallow-trees’.
OE sealh in a plural form.

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Zennor Cornwall . ‘Church of Sanctus Sinar’ c.1170.

From the female patron saint of the church.

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OXFORD

UNIVERSITY PRESS
A Dictionary of English Place-Names

Reproduced by kind permission of A. D. Mills.

A. D. Mills
Over 12,000 entries
From Abbas Combe to Zennor, this dictionary gives the meaning and origin of over 12,000 place names in England, tracing their development from earliest times to the present day. Up-to-date with the 1996 changes to county boundaries, it is an essential reference for the local historian, and an absorbing read for anyone interested in the names of our towns and villages.
A. D. Mills is Emeritus Reader in English, University of London. He is a member of the Council of the English Place Names Society, and of the Society for Name Studies in Britain and Ireland.

Second Edition
ISBN 198606060

Second Edition, 1998

E-book copyright © 2003.

© A. D. Mills 1991, 1998, 2002